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Rojas-Solé C, Pinilla-González V, Lillo-Moya J, González-Fernández T, Saso L, Rodrigo R. Integrated approach to reducing polypharmacy in older people: exploring the role of oxidative stress and antioxidant potential therapy. Redox Rep 2024; 29:2289740. [PMID: 38108325 PMCID: PMC10732214 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2023.2289740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased life expectancy, attributed to improved access to healthcare and drug development, has led to an increase in multimorbidity, a key contributor to polypharmacy. Polypharmacy is characterised by its association with a variety of adverse events in the older persons. The mechanisms involved in the development of age-related chronic diseases are largely unknown; however, altered redox homeostasis due to ageing is one of the main theories. In this context, the present review explores the development and interaction between different age-related diseases, mainly linked by oxidative stress. In addition, drug interactions in the treatment of various diseases are described, emphasising that the holistic management of older people and their pathologies should prevail over the individual treatment of each condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Rojas-Solé
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Víctor Pinilla-González
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Lillo-Moya
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tommy González-Fernández
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ramón Rodrigo
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Hou D, Liu R, Hao S, Dou Y, Chen G, Liu L, Li T, Cao Y, Huang H, Duan C. Notoginsenoside R1 improves intestinal microvascular functioning in sepsis by targeting Drp1-mediated mitochondrial quality imbalance. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2024; 62:250-260. [PMID: 38389274 PMCID: PMC10896147 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2024.2318349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sepsis can result in critical organ failure, and notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) offers mitochondrial protection. OBJECTIVE To determine whether NGR1 improves organ function and prognosis after sepsis by protecting mitochondrial quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS A sepsis model was established in C57BL/6 mice using cecum ligation puncture (CLP) and an in vitro model with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 µg/mL)-stimulated primary intestinal microvascular endothelial cells (IMVECs) and then determine NGR1's safe dosage. Groups for each model were: in vivo-a control group, a CLP-induced sepsis group, and a CLP + NGR1 treatment group (30 mg/kg/d for 3 d); in vitro-a control group, a LPS-induced sepsis group, and a LPS + NGR1 treatment group (4 μM for 30 min). NGR1's effects on survival, intestinal function, mitochondrial quality, and mitochondrial dynamic-related protein (Drp1) were evaluated. RESULTS Sepsis resulted in approximately 60% mortality within 7 days post-CLP, with significant reductions in intestinal microvascular perfusion and increases in vascular leakage. Severe mitochondrial quality imbalance was observed in IMVECs. NGR1 (IC50 is 854.1 μM at 30 min) targeted Drp1, inhibiting mitochondrial translocation, preventing mitochondrial fragmentation and restoring IMVEC morphology and function, thus protecting against intestinal barrier dysfunction, vascular permeability, microcirculatory flow, and improving sepsis prognosis. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Drp1-mediated mitochondrial quality imbalance is a potential therapeutic target for sepsis. Small molecule natural drugs like NGR1 targeting Drp1 may offer new directions for organ protection following sepsis. Future research should focus on clinical trials to evaluate NGR1's efficacy across various patient populations, potentially leading to novel treatments for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyao Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ruixue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Hao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yong Dou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Guizhen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Liangming Liu
- Department of Shock and Transfusion, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Shock and Transfusion, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yunxing Cao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Chenyang Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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S AS, Vellapandian C. In silico and pharmacokinetic assessment of echinocystic acid effectiveness in Alzheimer's disease like pathology. Future Sci OA 2024; 10:FSO904. [PMID: 38827791 PMCID: PMC11140647 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2023-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Alzheimer's disease causes dementia which impairs the cognitive domains. Methodology: The pharmacokinetic characteristics and biological activity of echinocystic acid are predicted in this work using in silico or computational approaches, including pkCSM, Swiss ADME, OSIRIS® property explorer, PASS online web resource and MOLINSPIRATION® software. Results & discussion: The compound has lipid metabolism regulating property as major role in decreasing the progression of Alzheimer's disease and it has no major side effects and ADR. The drug also has anti-inflammatory properties which can help in regulating the innate immunity that plays a major role in Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion: From the computational screening, we infer that, echinocystic acid can regulate memory loss, cognitive disability and also slow down the progression of Alzheimer's disease-like pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankul Singh S
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil nadu, 603203, India (Bharat)
| | - Chitra Vellapandian
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil nadu, 603203, India (Bharat)
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Tang H, Li X, Liu X, Xu Y, Shen J. Rutin intake mitigates the injury of blue light irradiation by altering aging rates of mortality in Drosophila model. Photochem Photobiol 2024; 100:524-529. [PMID: 37665025 DOI: 10.1111/php.13848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Blue light is known as one of the harmful light pollution that has complex effects on organisms. The massive use of LED lights in cities has greatly increased the frequency of human exposure to blue light, and therefore the hazards of blue light are receiving widespread attention. In our study, Drosophila was used as the model organism to explore the ability of the flavonoid rutin to resist blue light damage under the intensity of 3000 Lux. Siler model analysis was performed. Our results showed sex-specific pattern of rutin as an effective antioxidant. Rutin could help female flies to reduce the initial adult mortality and male flies to slow the increase of adult mortality under blue light irradiation, thus prolonging their average lifespan. Furthermore, after the intake of rutin, the locomotor activity of Drosophila under blue light irradiation was significantly increased, and the total sleep time was significantly decreased. In summary, our results provide preliminary support for exploring the mechanism of rutin against blue light damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tang
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingyou Liu
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Shen
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
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Singh J, Jangra A, Kumar D. Recent advances in toxicological research of di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate: Focus on endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 356:141922. [PMID: 38593956 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The plasticizer di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) is the most significant phthalate in production, usage, and environmental occurrence. DEHP is found in products such as personal care products, furniture materials, cosmetics, and medical devices. DEHP is noncovalently bind with plastic therefore, repeated uses lead to leaching out of it. Exposure to DEHP plasticizers leads to toxicity in essential organs of the body through various mechanisms. The main objective of this review article is to focus on the DEHP-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway implicated in the testis, brain, lungs, kidney, heart, liver, and other organs. Not only ER stress, PPAR-related pathways, oxidative stress and inflammation, Ca2+ homeostasis disturbances in mitochondria are also identified as the relative mechanisms. ER is involved in various critical functions of the cell such as Protein synthesis, protein folding, calcium homeostasis, and lipid peroxidation but, DEHP exposure leads to augmentation of misfolded/unfolded protein. This review complies with various recently reported DEHP-induced toxicity studies and some pharmacological interventions that have been shown to be effective through ER stress pathway. DEHP exposure does assess health risks and vulnerability to populations across the globe. This study offers possible targets and approaches for addressing various DEHP-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiten Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Interdisciplinary and Applied Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, Haryana, India
| | - Ashok Jangra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Interdisciplinary and Applied Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, Haryana, India.
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Interdisciplinary and Applied Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, Haryana, India.
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Huang TL, Jiang WJ, Zhou Z, Shi TF, Yu M, Yu M, Si JQ, Wang YP, Li L. Quercetin attenuates cisplatin-induced mitochondrial apoptosis via PI3K/Akt mediated inhibition of oxidative stress in pericytes and improves the blood labyrinth barrier permeability. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 393:110939. [PMID: 38490643 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is broadly employed to treat different cancers, whereas there are no drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for preventing its side effects, including ototoxicity. Quercetin (QU) is a widely available natural flavonoid compound with anti-tumor and antioxidant properties. The research was designed to explore the protective effects of QU on CDDP-induced ototoxicity and its underlying mechanisms in male C57BL/6 J mice and primary cultured pericytes (PCs). Hearing changes, morphological changes of stria vascularis, blood labyrinth barrier (BLB) permeability and expression of apoptotic proteins were observed in vivo by using the auditory brainstem response (ABR) test, HE staining, Evans blue staining, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, etc. Oxidative stress levels, mitochondrial function and endothelial barrier changes were observed in vitro by using DCFH-DA probe detection, flow cytometry, JC-1 probe, immunofluorescence and the establishment in vitro BLB models, etc. QU pretreatment activates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, inhibits CDDP-induced oxidative stress, protects mitochondrial function, and reduces mitochondrial apoptosis in PCs. However, PI3K/AKT specific inhibitor (LY294002) partially reverses the protective effects of QU. In addition, in vitro BLB models were established by coculturing PCs and endothelial cells (ECs), which suggests that QU both reduces the CDDP-induced apoptosis in PCs and improves the endothelial barrier permeability. On the whole, the research findings suggest that QU can be used as a novel treatment to reduce CDDP-induced ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Lan Huang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Wen-Jun Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310051, China; Department of Physiology, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, China
| | - Zan Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Tian-Feng Shi
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Meng Yu
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310051, China; Department of Physiology, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, China
| | - Jun-Qiang Si
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Yan-Ping Wang
- Department of Nursing, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, China.
| | - Li Li
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, China.
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Li J, Lim JYS, Eu JQ, Chan AKMH, Goh BC, Wang L, Wong ALA. Reactive Oxygen Species Modulation in the Current Landscape of Anticancer Therapies. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38445392 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Significance: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, and are tightly controlled through homeostatic mechanisms to maintain intracellular redox, regulating growth and proliferation in healthy cells. However, ROS production is perturbed in cancers where abnormal accumulation of ROS leads to oxidative stress and genomic instability, triggering oncogenic signaling pathways on one hand, while increasing oxidative damage and triggering ROS-dependent death signaling on the other. Recent Advances: Our review illuminates how critical interactions between ROS and oncogenic signaling, the tumor microenvironment, and DNA damage response (DDR) pathways have led to interest in ROS modulation as a means of enhancing existing anticancer strategies and developing new therapeutic opportunities. Critical Issues: ROS equilibrium exists via a delicate balance of pro-oxidant and antioxidant species within cells. "Antioxidant" approaches have been explored mainly in the form of chemoprevention, but there is insufficient evidence to advocate its routine application. More progress has been made via the "pro-oxidant" approach of targeting cancer vulnerabilities and inducing oxidative stress. Various therapeutic modalities have employed this approach, including direct ROS-inducing agents, chemotherapy, targeted therapies, DDR therapies, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Finally, emerging delivery systems such as "nanosensitizers" as radiotherapy enhancers are currently in development. Future Directions: While approaches designed to induce ROS have shown considerable promise in selectively targeting cancer cells and dealing with resistance to conventional therapies, most are still in early phases of development and challenges remain. Further research should endeavor to refine treatment strategies, optimize drug combinations, and identify predictive biomarkers of ROS-based cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Li
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jie Qing Eu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Boon Cher Goh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrea Li-Ann Wong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
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Angelone T, Rocca C, Lionetti V, Penna C, Pagliaro P. Expanding the Frontiers of Guardian Antioxidant Selenoproteins in Cardiovascular Pathophysiology. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:369-432. [PMID: 38299513 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Significance: Physiological levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) function as fundamental messengers for many cellular and developmental processes in the cardiovascular system. ROS/RNS involved in cardiac redox-signaling originate from diverse sources, and their levels are tightly controlled by key endogenous antioxidant systems that counteract their accumulation. However, dysregulated redox-stress resulting from inefficient removal of ROS/RNS leads to inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death, contributing to the development and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent Advances: Basic and clinical studies demonstrate the critical role of selenium (Se) and selenoproteins (unique proteins that incorporate Se into their active site in the form of the 21st proteinogenic amino acid selenocysteine [Sec]), including glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase, in cardiovascular redox homeostasis, representing a first-line enzymatic antioxidant defense of the heart. Increasing attention has been paid to emerging selenoproteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (i.e., a multifunctional intracellular organelle whose disruption triggers cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress, leading to multiple CVD), which are crucially involved in redox balance, antioxidant activity, and calcium and ER homeostasis. Critical Issues: This review focuses on endogenous antioxidant strategies with therapeutic potential, particularly selenoproteins, which are very promising but deserve more detailed and clinical studies. Future Directions: The importance of selective selenoproteins in embryonic development and the consequences of their mutations and inborn errors highlight the need to improve knowledge of their biological function in myocardial redox signaling. This could facilitate the development of personalized approaches for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CVD. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 369-432.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Angelone
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Research (INRC), Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmine Rocca
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Lionetti
- Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Laboratory of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center "Health Science," Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- UOSVD Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Fondazione Toscana "Gabriele Monasterio," Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Penna
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Research (INRC), Bologna, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pagliaro
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Research (INRC), Bologna, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
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Huang B, Ou G, Zhang N. Identification of key regulatory molecules in the early development stage of Alzheimer's disease. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18151. [PMID: 38429903 PMCID: PMC10907834 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, the incidence of which increases with age, and the pathological changes in the brain are irreversible. Recent studies have highlighted the essential role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in AD by acting as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). Our aim was to construct lncRNA-associated ceRNA regulatory networks composed of potential biomarkers for the early stage of AD. AD related datasets come from AlzData and GEO databases. The R package 'Limma' identifies differentially expressed genes (DEGs), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) databases for functional enrichment analysis. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in DEGs were constructed in the STRING database, and Cytoscape software identified DEGs. Convergent functional genomics (CFG) analysis of differentially expressed hub genes (referred to as early-DEGs) in the brain before the development of AD pathology. The AlzData database analyses the expression levels of early-DEGs in different nerve cells. The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was established according to the ceRNA hypothesis. We identified four lncRNAs (XIST, NEAT1, KCNQ1OT1 and HCG18) and four miRNAs (hsa-let-7c-5p, hsa-miR-107, hsa-miR-129-2-3p and hsa-miR-214-3p) were preliminarily identified as potential biomarkers for early AD, competitively regulating Atp6v0b, Atp6v1e1 Atp6v1f and Syt1. This study indicates that NEAT1, XIST, HCG18 and KCNQ1OT1 act as ceRNAs in competitive binding with miRNAs to regulate the expression of Atp6v0b, Atp6v1e1, Atp6v1f and Syt1 before the occurrence of pathological changes in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- Clinical LaboratoryFifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Guan‐yong Ou
- School of MedicineSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina
| | - Ni Zhang
- Department of PhysiologyShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
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10
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Ceyhun HA, Bilge N, Değirmencioğlu Gök D. Impulsivity and attention deficit-hyperactivity symptoms among patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a case-control study. Neurol Res 2024; 46:243-252. [PMID: 38088158 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2023.2294577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a progressive, autoimmune, neurodegenerative disease.Studies have suggested that autoimmune diseases play a role in the pathogenesis of Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).We aim to evaluate ADHD symptoms among patients with RRMS(pwRRMS). METHODS The study included 48 RRMS patients and 54 healthy controls. ADHD symptoms were assessed by self-report questionnaires and performance tests.Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Turgay's Turkish version of Adult-ADD/ADHD (A-ADHD), Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), and World Health Organization Quality of Life-Short Form (WHOQoL-Bref) were completed by the participants.Stroop Colour and Word Interference Test - TBAG Form (SCWT); was used for assessing cognitive function by a trained psychiatrist. Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) were used to evaluate by pwRRMS. RESULTS PwRRMS had significantly higher attention-deficit scores and poor performance in all SCWT subtests.All SCWT scores were positively correlated with MS duration.A-ADHD-Total scores were negatively correlated with the age of MS diagnosis.A moderate positive correlation was found between falls and A-ADHD-total scores, and psychomotor speed.A moderate negative correlation was found between WHOQoL-Bref scores and BID, FSS, ADHD-Attention Deficit, SCWT-3, SCWT-5, and SCWT-interference.In multivariate linear regression analyzes, attention-deficit predicted EDSS positively, while depressive symptoms, attention-deficit, and psychomotor speed time were negative predictors of physical health quality. CONCLUSIONS In pwRRMS, cognitive dysfunctions such as response inhibition and intervention control, which are symptoms of attention deficit and impulsivity, have been shown to reduce the overall QoL. Among the strategies to reduce the impact of RRMS disease on patients' lives, it is essential to implement programs to prevent depression and increase cognitive reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacer Akgül Ceyhun
- Department of Psychiatry, Ataturk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nuray Bilge
- Department of Neurology, Ataturk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
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11
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Wang Y, Gong Q, Pan H, Wang X, Yan C. Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis extract attenuates memory impairment in rats with Alzheimer's disease by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome. Brain Res 2024; 1824:148687. [PMID: 38000495 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by degeneration of the central nervous system. Recently, many studies have emphasized the beneficial role of Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis extract (GJ-4) in neuroprotection, which is considered a potential drug for treating AD. However, the mechanism underlying its neuroprotective effects is obscure. This research intended to analyze the effectiveness of GJ-4 to induce neuronal protective role on a rat model of neurotoxicity and probe the potential mechanism. An AD model was established by intraperitoneal injection of aluminum chloride (AlCl3). Then, AlCl3-induced rats were administered 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of GJ-4 orally. This study indicated that GJ-4 (25 and 50 mg/kg) mitigated AD-like behaviors, as evidenced by enhanced ambulation frequency, rearing frequency, and time spent in the target quadrant and decreased grooming frequency, defecation frequency, and escape latency in AlCl3-challenged rats. Also, GJ-4 at 25 and 50 mg/kg exerted an anti-apoptosis effect in the hippocampus of AlCl3-treated rats. Furthermore, GJ-4 (25 and 50 mg/kg) exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect in the hippocampus by repressing the activation of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, further inhibiting the activation of Caspase 1, ASC, IL-1β, and IL-18 in AD hippocampus. Altogether, GJ-4 mitigated AlCl3-triggered impairment of learning and memory in AD rats via repressing NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qingmei Gong
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haiyan Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ci Yan
- Departments of Psychiatry, Affiliated Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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12
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Chen P, Wang Y, Chen F, Zhou B. Epigenetics in obesity: Mechanisms and advances in therapies based on natural products. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2024; 12:e1171. [PMID: 38293783 PMCID: PMC10828914 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality because it has a close relationship to metabolic illnesses, such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and some types of cancer. With no drugs available, the mainstay of obesity management remains lifestyle changes with exercise and dietary modifications. In light of the tremendous disease burden and unmet therapeutics, fresh perspectives on pathophysiology and drug discovery are needed. The development of epigenetics provides a compelling justification for how environmental, lifestyle, and other risk factors contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity. Furthermore, epigenetic dysregulations can be restored, and it has been reported that certain natural products obtained from plants, such as tea polyphenols, ellagic acid, urolithins, curcumin, genistein, isothiocyanates, and citrus isoflavonoids, were shown to inhibit weight gain. These substances have great antioxidant potential and are of great interest because they can also modify epigenetic mechanisms. Therefore, understanding epigenetic modifications to target the primary cause of obesity and the epigenetic mechanisms of anti-obesity effects with certain phytochemicals can prove rational strategies to prevent the disease and develop novel therapeutic interventions. Thus, the current review aimed to summarize the epigenetic mechanisms and advances in therapies for obesity based on natural products to provide evidence for the development of several potential anti-obesity drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Department of PharmacyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiP.R. China
| | - Yulai Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huangshi Central HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic UniversityHuangshiHubeiP.R. China
| | - Fuchao Chen
- Sinopharm Dongfeng General HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyanHubeiP.R. China
| | - Benhong Zhou
- Department of PharmacyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiP.R. China
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13
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Alvarez S, Vanasco V, Adán Areán JS, Magnani N, Evelson P. Mitochondrial Mechanisms in Immunity and Inflammatory Conditions: Beyond Energy Management. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38062738 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Significance: The growing importance of mitochondria in the immune response and inflammation is multifaceted. Unraveling the different mechanisms by which mitochondria have a relevant role in the inflammatory response beyond the energy management of the process is necessary for improving our understanding of the host immune defense and the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases and syndromes. Critical Issues: Mitochondria are relevant in the immune response at different levels, including releasing activation molecules, changing its structure and function to accompany the immune response, and serving as a structural base for activating intermediates as NLRP3 inflammasome. In this scientific journey of dissecting mitochondrial mechanisms, new questions and interesting aspects arise, such as the involvement of mitochondrial-derived vesicles in the immune response with the putative role of preventing uncontrolled situations. Recent Advances: Researchers are continuously rethinking the role of mitochondria in acute and chronic inflammation and related disorders. As such, mitochondria have important roles as centrally positioned signaling hubs in regulating inflammatory and immune responses. In this review, we present the current understanding of mitochondrial mechanisms involved, beyond the largely known mitochondrial dysfunction, in the onset and development of inflammatory situations. Future Directions: Mitochondria emerge as an interesting and multifaceted platform for studying and developing pharmaceutical and therapeutic approaches. There are many ongoing studies aimed to describe the effects of specific mitochondrial targeted molecules and treatments to ameliorate the consequences of exacerbated inflammatory components of pathologies and syndromes, resulting in an open area of increasing research interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Alvarez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Fisicoquímica, CABA, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
| | - Virginia Vanasco
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Fisicoquímica, CABA, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
| | - Juan Santiago Adán Areán
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Fisicoquímica, CABA, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
| | - Natalia Magnani
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
| | - Pablo Evelson
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
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Miler M, Živanović J, Ajdžanović V, Milenkovic D, Cesar T, Filipović MR, Milošević V. Lemon extract reduces the hepatic oxidative stress and persulfidation levels by upregulating the Nrf2 and Trx1 expression in old rats. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 38194360 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Citrus flavanones are recognized as promising bioactives within the concept of healthy aging. Thus, the present study investigated the effects of a nutritionally relevant dose of lemon extract (LE) on liver redox regulation and persulfidation levels in 24-month-old Wistar rats. LE (40 mg/kg b.m.) was administered orally once daily for 4 weeks. Control groups received either vehicle (sunflower oil) or remained intact. The applied methodology considered qPCR, Western blot, protein persulfidation levels evaluation, histochemistry in line with immunofluorescence, liver biochemical assays (glutathione, total -SH groups and malonaldehyde; MDA), liver enzymes in serum and in silico analysis to explore the potential interaction/binding between the proteins studied in the paper. Our results showed that LE increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reductase (GR), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic and modifier subunit, respectively, as well as Nrf2 gene expressions, but decreased the expression of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). Upon LE application, protein expression showed upregulation of NRF2, SOD2, GPx, GR, and thioredoxin 1 (Trx1). LE significantly decreased the protein persulfidation levels and concentration of MDA, a marker of oxidative damage in the cell. Histological analysis showed a normal liver histoarchitecture without pathological changes, aligning with the normal serum level of hepatic enzymes. Obtained results showed that LE, by modulating hepatic redox regulators Nrf2 and Trx1, diminishes oxidative stress and alters the persulfidation levels, suggesting a considerable beneficial antioxidant potential of lemon flavanones in the old-aged liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Miler
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" (IBISS)- National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Živanović
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" (IBISS)- National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Ajdžanović
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" (IBISS)- National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Thais Cesar
- Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Food Engineering, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brasil
| | - Miloš R Filipović
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Verica Milošević
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
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15
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Wang X, Song Y, Cong P, Wang Z, Liu Y, Xu J, Xue C. Docosahexaenoic Acid-Acylated Astaxanthin Monoester Ameliorates Amyloid-β Pathology and Neuronal Damage by Restoring Autophagy in Alzheimer's Disease Models. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300414. [PMID: 37991232 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Astaxanthin (AST) is ubiquitous in aquatic foods and microorganisms. The study previously finds that docosahexaenoic acid-acylated AST monoester (AST-DHA) improves cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease (AD), although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Moreover, autophagy is reportedly involved in amyloid-β (Aβ) clearance and AD pathogenesis. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the preventive effect of AST-DHA and elucidates the mechanism of autophagy modulation in Aβ pathology. METHODS AND RESULTS In the cellular AD model, AST-DHA significantly reduces toxic Aβ1-42 levels and alleviated the accumulation of autophagic markers (LC3II/I and p62) in Aβ25-35 -induced SH-SY5Y cells. Notably, AST-DHA restores the autophagic flux in SH-SY5YmRFP-GFP-LC3 cells. In APP/PS1 mice, a 3-month dietary supplementation of AST-DHA exceeded free-astaxanthin (F-AST) capacity to increase hippocampal and cortical autophagy. Mechanistically, AST-DHA restores autophagy by activating the ULK1 signaling pathway and restoring autophagy-lysosome fusion. Moreover, AST-DHA relieves ROS production and mitochondrial stress affecting autophagy in AD. As a favorable outcome of restored autophagy, AST-DHA mitigates cerebral Aβ and p-Tau deposition, ultimately improving neuronal function. CONCLUSION The findings demonstrate that AST-DHA can rectify autophagic impairment in AD, and confer neuroprotection in Aβ-related pathology, which supports the future application of AST as an autophagic inducer for maintaining brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Wang
- A State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299, Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266235, China
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China
| | - Yu Song
- A State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299, Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266235, China
| | - Peixu Cong
- A State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299, Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266235, China
| | - Zhigao Wang
- A State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299, Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266235, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- A State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299, Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266235, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, China
| | - Jie Xu
- A State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299, Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266235, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- A State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299, Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266235, China
- Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266235, China
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16
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Xu Y, Liu X, Jin H, Li X, Shen J. Diet supplementation with sodium pyruvate increases sleep time and lifespan in Drosophila model. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 115:e22069. [PMID: 38288499 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Sodium pyruvate is a natural metabolite commonly used in biological fields, including cell culture. This study investigated the effects of sodium pyruvate on the lifespan and other physiological characters of Drosophila melanogaster, by measuring feeding, fecundity, and spontaneous activity. The results indicated that 0.2 mol/L of sodium pyruvate increased the median lifespan of female flies by 8.33%. Moreover, the group sleep duration of female flies significantly increased by 53.98% when exposed to the sodium pyruvate concentration. However, the intake of sodium pyruvate did not significantly affect the fecundity or food intake of female flies. Our results also show that the effect of extending lifespan and increasing sleep time was dose-dependent and sex-specific. Our data provides the role of sodium pyruvate as an insect culture additive by enhancing survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Artificial Intelligence, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingyou Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Artificial Intelligence, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Artificial Intelligence, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Artificial Intelligence, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Artificial Intelligence, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Yang Y, Mei G, Yang L, Luo T, Wu R, Peng S, Peng Z, Cui J, Cheng Y. PCB126 impairs human sperm functions by affecting post-translational modifications and mitochondrial functions. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 346:140532. [PMID: 37918541 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, there has been a consistent decline in semen quality across the globe, with environmental pollution being identified as the primary cause. Among the various contaminants present in the environment, persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have garnered significant attention due to their high toxicity, slow degradation, bio-accumulation, and long-range migration. PCBs, which include 210 congeners, are a crucial type of POPs that are known to have harmful effects on the environment and human health. Among the various PCB congeners, 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) is a typical environmental endocrine-disrupting chemical that is widely distributed and has been associated with several health hazards. However, the impact and mechanism of PCB126 on human sperm function has not been fully elucidated. We aimed to investigate the effects of different concentrations of PCB126 (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 μg/mL) on sperm motility, viability, hyperactivation, and acrosome reaction after incubation for different periods (1 and 2 h), delving deeper into the molecular mechanism of human sperm dysfunction caused by PCB126. First, we investigated the link between PCB126 treatment and the occurrence of protein modifications that are critical to sperm function regulation, such as tyrosine phosphorylation and lysine glutarylation. Second, we examined the potential impact of PCB126 on different parameters related to mitochondrial function, including reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondria respiration and adenosine triphosphate generation. Our findings indicate that exposure to environmental pollutants such as PCB126 in vitro may have a negative impact on human sperm functions by interfering with post-translational modifications and mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yebin Yang
- College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, China
| | - Guangquan Mei
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Yichun University, Yichun, China; Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Yichun University, Yichun, China
| | - Liu Yang
- College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Runwen Wu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yichun University, Yichun, China
| | - Shenglin Peng
- Yichun People's Hospital, Jiangxi Province, Yichun, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- Yichun People's Hospital, Jiangxi Province, Yichun, China
| | - Jiajun Cui
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yichun University, Yichun, China
| | - Yimin Cheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Yichun University, Yichun, China; Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yichun University, Yichun, China.
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18
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Qaiser H, Uzair M, Al-Regaiey K, Rafiq S, Arshad M, Yoo WK, Arain OZ, Kaleem I, Abualait T, Wang L, Wang R, Bashir S. Role of Thioredoxin System in Regulating Cellular Redox Status in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:S97-S108. [PMID: 37545242 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and a public health problem. It exhibits significant oxidative stress and redox alterations. The antioxidant enzyme systems defend the cellular environment from oxidative stress. One of the redox systems is the thioredoxin system (TS), which exerts decisive control over the cellular redox environment. We aimed to review the protective effects of TS, which include thioredoxin (Trx), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), and NADPH. In the following, we discussed the physiological functioning and the role of the TS in maintaining the cellular redox-homeostasis in the AD-damaged brain. Trx protects the cellular environment from oxidative stress, while TrxR is crucial for the cellular detoxification of reactive oxygen species in the brain. However, TS dysregulation increases the susceptibility to cellular death. The changes in Trx and TrxR levels are significantly associated with AD progression. Though the data from human, animal, and cellular models support the neuroprotective role of TS in the brain of AD patients, the translational potential of these findings to clinical settings is not yet applied. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the emerging role of the TrxR-Trx system in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Qaiser
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Uzair
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Al-Regaiey
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafia Rafiq
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Woo-Kyoung Yoo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Osama Zahid Arain
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imdad Kaleem
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Turki Abualait
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shahid Bashir
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Chagas Monteiro KL, dos Santos Alcântara MG, de Aquino TM, Ferreira da Silva-Júnior E. Insights on Natural Products Against Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1169-1188. [PMID: 38708921 PMCID: PMC10964095 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22666231016153606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes the death of motor neurons and consequent muscle paralysis. Despite many efforts to address it, current therapy targeting ALS remains limited, increasing the interest in complementary therapies. Over the years, several herbal preparations and medicinal plants have been studied to prevent and treat this disease, which has received remarkable attention due to their blood-brain barrier penetration properties and low toxicity. Thus, this review presents the therapeutic potential of a variety of medicinal herbs and their relationship with ALS and their physiopathological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadja Luana Chagas Monteiro
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies - GPET, Laboratory of Synthesis and Research in Medicinal Chemistry - LSPMED, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-970, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Marcone Gomes dos Santos Alcântara
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies - GPET, Laboratory of Synthesis and Research in Medicinal Chemistry - LSPMED, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-970, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Thiago Mendonça de Aquino
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies - GPET, Laboratory of Synthesis and Research in Medicinal Chemistry - LSPMED, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-970, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
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20
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Koubova K, Cizkova K, Burianova A, Tauber Z. PTEN and soluble epoxide hydrolase in intestinal cell differentiation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130496. [PMID: 37866587 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial differentiation is a highly organised process. It is influenced by a variety of signalling pathways and enzymes, such as the PI3K pathway and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) from arachidonic acid metabolism. We investigated the changes in the expression of enzymes and lipid messenger from the PI3K pathway, including PTEN, during intestinal cell differentiation in vitro using HT-29 and Caco2 cells and compared them with immunohistochemical patterns of these proteins in human colon. To investigate the possible crosstalk between the PI3K pathway and sEH, we treated HT-29 and Caco2 cells with the sEH inhibitor TPPU. Administration of TPPU to differentiated cells decreased the expression of PTEN, thus reversing the change in its expression observed during cell differentiation. In addition, multiplex immunofluorescence staining confirmed the relationship between the expression of PTEN and villin, a marker of intestinal cell differentiation, ranging from a moderate correlation in undifferentiated cells to a very strong correlation in differentiated cells treated with TPPU. Furthermore, we confirm that PTEN and sEH mirrored their expression patterns in samples of prenatal and adult human intestine compared to tumours using immunohistochemical staining. Taken together, it appears that PTEN and sEH cooperate in the process of intestinal cell differentiation. A better understanding of the crosstalk between the PI3K pathway and sEH and its consequences for cell differentiation is highly desirable, as several sEH inhibitors are under clinical investigation for the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Koubova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Cizkova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Adela Burianova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Tauber
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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21
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Chen J, Wang Q, Li R, Li Z, Jiang Q, Yan F, Ye J. The role of sirtuins in the regulatin of oxidative stress during the progress and therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Life Sci 2023; 333:122187. [PMID: 37858715 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and impaired glucose homeostasis. Oxidative stress, arising from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defense systems, plays a significant role in the development and progression of T2DM. The sirtuin family, particularly Sirt1, Sirt3, and Sirt6, have emerged as key regulators of oxidative stress in various cellular processes. This review aims to explore the role of the sirtuin family in oxidative stress during the progression of T2DM and their potential as therapeutic targets. We discussed the mechanisms through which sirtuins modulate oxidative stress, their impact on insulin sensitivity, and beta-cell function involved in T2DM. Furthermore, we highlight drugs targeting sirtuin activation and related complications in T2DM. This review summarizes the role as well as mechanism of sirtuins in the regulation of oxidative stress in T2DM and available drugs targeting sirtuins in clinic, which may provide novel insights into the mechanism and therapy of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, PR China
| | - Ruiyan Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qizhou Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Fangrong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| | - Junmei Ye
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China.
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22
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Burns J, Buck AC, D’ Souza S, Dube A, Bardien S. Nanophytomedicines as Therapeutic Agents for Parkinson's Disease. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:42045-42061. [PMID: 38024675 PMCID: PMC10652730 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemicals are promising therapeutics for various neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). However, their efficacy, pharmacokinetic properties, and penetration across the blood-brain barrier can be improved using delivery systems such as nanoparticles. We reviewed recently published work in which nanoparticles were used to deliver phytochemicals toward PD treatment. The studies show that nanoparticles not only improve the pharmacological effect of the phytochemicals but also enable targeting to the brain and crossing of the blood-brain barrier. Various ligands were added to the nanoparticles to improve blood-brain barrier transportation. The promising findings from the published studies reveal that more research into nanophytomedicine approaches as therapeutic targets for PD is warranted, especially since they have the potential to protect against key features of PD, including α-synuclein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and dopaminergic neuronal death. Furthermore, future directions should involve smart designs to tailor nanoparticles for improved therapeutic delivery by modifying their features, such as architecture, surface and material properties, targeting ligands, and responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Burns
- Division
of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health
Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Cape Town 7600, South Africa
| | - Amy Claire Buck
- Division
of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health
Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Cape Town 7600, South Africa
| | - Sarah D’ Souza
- School
of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
| | - Admire Dube
- School
of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
| | - Soraya Bardien
- Division
of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health
Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Cape Town 7600, South Africa
- South
African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics
of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Stellenbosch
University, Stellenbosch, Cape Town 7600, South Africa
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23
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Liu R, Yang J, Li Y, Xie J, Wang J. Heme oxygenase-1: The roles of both good and evil in neurodegenerative diseases. J Neurochem 2023; 167:347-361. [PMID: 37746863 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is the only way for cells to decompose heme. It can cleave heme to produce carbon monoxide (CO), ferrous iron (Fe2+ ), and biliverdin (BV). BV is reduced to bilirubin (BR) by biliverdin reductase(BVR). In previous studies, HO-1 was considered to have protective effects because of its anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, and antiproliferation functions. However, emerging experimental studies have found that the metabolites derived from HO-1 can cause increase iin intracellular oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, iron death, and autophagy. Because of its particularity, it is very meaningful to understand its exact mechanism. In this review, we summarized the protective and toxic effects of HO-1, its potential mechanism, its role in neurodegenerative diseases and related drug research. This knowledge may be beneficial to the development of new therapies for neurodegenerative diseases and is crucial to the development of new therapeutic strategies and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiahua Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yinghui Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junxia Xie
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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24
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Wang Y, Wu Y, Xu M, Kulyar MFEA, Iqbal M, Wu J, Deng X, Zhang Y, Jiang B, Hu M, Zhao Y, Li K, Che Y. Protective effects of Emblica officinalis polysaccharide against lead induced liver injury in mice model. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126312. [PMID: 37573920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination especially lead (Pb) causes a serious threat to global public health. In the current study, we explored the protective and regulating effects of Emblica officinalis polysaccharide (EOP) in the liver against Pb-induced toxicity. According to our findings, EOP decreased the Pb-induced pathological lesions of liver and overall weight index in mice (p < 0.05). Following treatment with EOP, the levels of biological biomarkers for liver hepatic function (i.e., ALT and AST) were significantly decreased (p < 0.01) in a dose-dependent manner, consisted with histopathological changes. The key proteins involved in hepatic oxidative stress and apoptosis, including Nrf2, HO-1, Bcl-2, and Bax were quantified, which indicated EOP as an effective approach in protecting against the liver injury. Moreover, EOP treatment ameliorated the negative changes of liver metabolic profile (i.e., metabolites concentrations and metabolic patterns). In conclusion, EOP could protect the liver against oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by Pb poisoning, associated with the efficacy of ameliorating the negative changes in liver metabolic profile. Hence, the current findings recommend EOP as an efficient way for alleviating liver injury in lead poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- China Engineering Research Center for Homology of medicine and food beverage of Yunnan Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Yi Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Mengen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | | | - Mudassar Iqbal
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Jingyi Wu
- China Engineering Research Center for Homology of medicine and food beverage of Yunnan Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Xin Deng
- China Engineering Research Center for Homology of medicine and food beverage of Yunnan Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Yaqiong Zhang
- China Engineering Research Center for Homology of medicine and food beverage of Yunnan Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Bingtong Jiang
- China Engineering Research Center for Homology of medicine and food beverage of Yunnan Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Hu
- China Engineering Research Center for Homology of medicine and food beverage of Yunnan Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Yi Zhao
- China Engineering Research Center for Homology of medicine and food beverage of Yunnan Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Kun Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Yanyun Che
- China Engineering Research Center for Homology of medicine and food beverage of Yunnan Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China.
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25
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Abo-Zaid OA, Moawed FS, Taha EF, Ahmed ESA, Kawara RS. Melissa officinalis extract suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in the brain of hypothyroidism-induced rats exposed to γ-radiation. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:709-720. [PMID: 37368180 PMCID: PMC10746611 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-023-01363-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the neuroprotective effect of Melissa officinalis extract (MEE) against brain damage associated with hypothyroidism induced by propylthiouracil (PTU) and/or γ-radiation (IR) in rats. Hypothyroidism induction and/or exposure to IR resulted in a significant decrease in the serum levels of T3 and T4 associated with increased levels of lipid peroxidation end product, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitrites (NO) in the brain tissue homogenate. Also, hypothyroidism and /or exposure to IR markedly enhance the endoplasmic reticulum stress by upregulating the gene expressions of the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), activated transcription factor 6 (ATF6), endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in the brain tissue homogenate associated with a proapoptotic state which indicated by the overexpression of Bax, BCl2, and caspase-12 that culminates in brain damage. Meanwhile, the PTU and /or IR-exposed rats treated with MEE reduced oxidative stress and ERAD through ATF6. Also, the MEE treatment prevented the Bax and caspase-12 gene expression from increasing. This treatment in hypothyroid animals was associated with neuronal protection as indicated by the downregulation in the gene expressions of the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the brain tissue. Furthermore, the administration of MEE ameliorates the histological structure of brain tissue. In conclusion, MEE might prevent hypothyroidism-induced brain damage associated with oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omayma Ar Abo-Zaid
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Vet. Med, Benha University, Moshtohor, Banha, Egypt
| | - Fatma Sm Moawed
- Health Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
- Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, 11787, Egypt.
| | - Eman Fs Taha
- Health Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Esraa S A Ahmed
- Radiation Biology Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ragaa Sm Kawara
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Vet. Med, Benha University, Moshtohor, Banha, Egypt
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26
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Bhadauriya P, Varshney V, Goyal A. Molecular Docking-Based Identification of Potential Natural Neuroprotective Molecules for Parkinson's Disease. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300979. [PMID: 37608470 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common progressive neurodegenerative and the prevailing treatments are ineffective in the early stages of the disease. Therefore, other strategies must be devised to halt the steady decrease of dopaminergic neurons in the brain. In Parkinson's disease, a dysregulated ACE/Ang II/AT1R axis in the brain causes free radical damage, apoptosis, and neuronal destruction. Current PD treatments only alleviate symptoms and do not reverse the degradation mechanism of dopaminergic neurons. As a result, it is critical to discover alternate, dependable medicines for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. METHOD In the present study, homology modelling of MAS receptor, in silico docking and molecular dynamic studies (MDS) were employed to determine the efficacy of flavonoids as MASR activators. RESULT The flavonoids Pterosupin and Amentoflavone exhibited best binding and therefore, the stability of these complexes were evaluated with MDS studies. The Pterosupin-MASR complex demonstrated better stability, stronger interactions and minimal fluctuation than the Amentoflavone-MASR complex. CONCLUSION The data from the present study indicated that the flavonoid Pterosupin possesses better binding, favourable pharmacokinetic properties and stability. However, subsequent in vitro and in vivo assessments are necessary to validate its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Bhadauriya
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, UP, India
- Institute of Professional Studies, College of Pharmacy, Gwalior, MP, India
| | - Vibhav Varshney
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, UP, India
| | - Ahsas Goyal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, UP, India
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27
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Zhang JJ, Song CG, Wang M, Zhang GQ, Wang B, Chen X, Lin P, Zhu YM, Sun ZC, Wang YZ, Jiang JL, Li L, Yang XM, Chen ZN. Monoclonal antibody targeting mu-opioid receptor attenuates morphine tolerance via enhancing morphine-induced receptor endocytosis. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:1135-1152. [PMID: 38024852 PMCID: PMC10657976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Morphine is a frequently used analgesic that activates the mu-opioid receptor (MOR), which has prominent side effects of tolerance. Although the inefficiency of morphine in inducing the endocytosis of MOR underlies the development of morphine tolerance, currently, there is no effective therapy to treat morphine tolerance. In the current study, we aimed to develop a monoclonal antibody (mAb) precisely targeting MOR and to determine its therapeutic efficacy on morphine tolerance and the underlying molecular mechanisms. We successfully prepared a mAb targeting MOR, named 3A5C7, by hybridoma technique using a strategy of deoxyribonucleic acid immunization combined with cell immunization, and identified it as an immunoglobulin G mAb with high specificity and affinity for MOR and binding ability to antigens with spatial conformation. Treatment of two cell lines, HEK293T and SH-SY5Y, with 3A5C7 enhanced morphine-induced MOR endocytosis via a G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2)/β-arrestin2-dependent mechanism, as demonstrated by immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry, Western blotting, coimmunoprecipitation, and small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)-based knockdown. This mAb also allowed MOR recycling from cytoplasm to plasma membrane and attenuated morphine-induced phosphorylation of MOR. We established an in vitro morphine tolerance model using differentiated SH-SY5Y cells induced by retinoic acid. Western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and siRNA-based knockdown revealed that 3A5C7 mAb diminished hyperactivation of adenylate cyclase, the in vitro biomarker of morphine tolerance, via the GRK2/β-arrestin2 pathway. Furthermore, in vivo hotplate test demonstrated that chronic intrathecal administration of 3A5C7 significantly alleviated morphine tolerance in mice, and withdrawal jumping test revealed that both chronic and acute 3A5C7 intrathecal administration attenuated morphine dependence. Finally, intrathecal electroporation of silencing short hairpin RNA illustrated that the in vivo anti-tolerance and anti-dependence efficacy of 3A5C7 was mediated by enhanced morphine-induced MOR endocytosis via GRK2/β-arrestin2 pathway. Collectively, our study provided a therapeutic mAb, 3A5C7, targeting MOR to treat morphine tolerance, mediated by enhancing morphine-induced MOR endocytosis. The mAb 3A5C7 demonstrates promising translational value to treat clinical morphine tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Zhang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chang-Geng Song
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Miao Wang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Gai-Qin Zhang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Bin Wang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Peng Lin
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yu-Meng Zhu
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhi-Chuan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an Daxing Hospital, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ya-Zhou Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jian-Li Jiang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ling Li
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiang-Min Yang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhi-Nan Chen
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
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28
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Mallan S, Singh S. Syringic acid alleviates valproic acid induced autism via activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase: Possible molecular approach. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2400-2415. [PMID: 37357844 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by restrictive and repetitive behavior followed by impairment in social, verbal, and non-verbal interaction and communication. Valproic acid (VPA) is a well-known anti-epileptic drug, but its prenatal exposure to animals causes social impairment, neurotransmitters imbalance, and neuroinflammation with ASD-like phenotypes. Syringic acid (SA) is a polyphenolic compound with anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, and neuromodulator activity. The purpose of study was to investigate the protective effect of Syringic acid (SA) in prenatal VPA-treated rats through behavioral, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, neurotransmitters, neuronal integrity, and apoptotic marker. Single dose of VPA was administered 600 mg/kg, i.p. on a gestational day (GD) 12th and SA was administrated from PnD 26th to 54th at the dose of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, p.o. On PnD 56th behavioral parameters (Pain sensitivity, open field test, narrow beam walks test and social impairment test) were performed and all animals were sacrificed, and brain tissue was isolated for oxidative stress (GSH, CAT, and LPO), neuroinflammation (TNF-α and IL-6) and neurotransmitters (GABA and Glutamate), histopathology (H&E, Nissl), immunohistochemistry (p38 MAPK) analysis. Rat treated with SA dose-dependently prevented behavioral alteration, restored antioxidant enzymes, neurotransmitters level, decreased neuroinflammatory markers, and improved neuronal integrity. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry confirmed the reduced p38 MAPK marker expression by SA in VPA induced autistic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhanshu Mallan
- Neuropharmacology division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Shamsher Singh
- Neuropharmacology division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
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29
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Li N, Bai N, Zhao X, Cheng R, Wu X, Jiang B, Li X, Xue M, Xu H, Guo Q, Guo W, Ma M, Cao S, Feng Y, Song X, Wang Z, Zhang X, Zou Y, Wang D, Liu H, Cao L. Cooperative effects of SIRT1 and SIRT2 on APP acetylation. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13967. [PMID: 37602729 PMCID: PMC10577574 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition and neurofibrillary tangles. Although the NAD+ -dependent deacetylases SIRT1 and SIRT2 play pivotal roles in age-related diseases, their cooperative effects in AD have not yet been elucidated. Here, we report that the SIRT2:SIRT1 ratio is elevated in the brains of aging mice and in the AD mouse models. In HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells, Aβ challenge correlates with decreased SIRT1 expression, while SIRT2 expression is increased. Overexpression of SIRT1 prevents Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. We find that SIRT1 impedes SIRT2-mediated APP deacetylation by inhibiting the binding of SIRT2 to APP. Deletion of SIRT1 reduces APP recycling back to the cell surface and promotes APP transiting toward the endosome, thus contributing to the amyloidogenic processing of APP. Our findings define a mechanism for neuroprotection by SIRT1 through suppression of SIRT2 deacetylation, and provide a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Ning Bai
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences InstituteChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Xiong Zhao
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences InstituteChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Rong Cheng
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences InstituteChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Xuan Wu
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences InstituteChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Bo Jiang
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences InstituteChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Xiaoman Li
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences InstituteChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Mingli Xue
- Department of Ophthalmologythe First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Hongde Xu
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences InstituteChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Qiqiang Guo
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences InstituteChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Wendong Guo
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences InstituteChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Mengtao Ma
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences InstituteChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Sunrun Cao
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences InstituteChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Yanling Feng
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences InstituteChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences InstituteChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of SciencesDalianChina
| | - Yu Zou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, The College of Basic Medical ScienceChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Difei Wang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Hua Liu
- Innovation Center of Aging‐Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouChina
| | - Liu Cao
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences InstituteChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
- Innovation Center of Aging‐Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and PreventionJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouChina
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30
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Becker M, Gorobets D, Shmerkin E, Weinstein-Fudim L, Pinhasov A, Ornoy A. Prenatal SAMe Treatment Changes via Epigenetic Mechanism/s USVs in Young Mice and Hippocampal Monoamines Turnover at Adulthood in a Mouse Model of Social Hierarchy and Depression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10721. [PMID: 37445911 PMCID: PMC10361211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of hippocampal monoamines and their related genes in the etiology and pathogenesis of depression-like behavior, particularly in impaired sociability traits and the meaning of changes in USVs emitted by pups, remains unknown. We assessed the effects of prenatal administration of S-adenosyl-methionine (SAMe) in Sub mice that exhibit depressive-like behavior on serotonergic, dopaminergic and noradrenergic metabolism and the activity of related genes in the hippocampus (HPC) in adulthood in comparison to saline-treated control Sub mice. During postnatal days 4 and 8, we recorded and analyzed the stress-induced USVs emitted by the pups and tried to understand how the changes in the USVs' calls may be related to the changes in the monoamines and the activity of related genes. The recordings of the USVs showed that SAMe induced a reduction in the emitted flat and one-frequency step-up call numbers in PND4 pups, whereas step-down type calls were significantly increased by SAMe in PND8 pups. The reduction in the number of calls induced by SAMe following separation from the mothers implies a reduction in anxiety, which is an additional sign of decreased depressive-like behavior. Prenatal SAMe increased the concentrations of serotonin in the HPC in both male and female mice without any change in the levels of 5HIAA. It also decreased the level of the dopamine metabolite DOPAC in females. There were no changes in the levels of norepinephrine and metabolites. Several changes in the expression of genes associated with monoamine metabolism were also induced by prenatal SAMe. The molecular and biochemical data obtained from the HPC studies are generally in accordance with our previously obtained data from the prefrontal cortex of similarly treated Sub mice on postnatal day 90. The changes in both monoamines and their gene expression observed 2-3 months after SAMe treatment are associated with the previously recorded behavioral improvement and seem to demonstrate that SAMe is effective via an epigenetic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Becker
- Department of Morphological Sciences and Teratology, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Denis Gorobets
- Department of Morphological Sciences and Teratology, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Elena Shmerkin
- Department of Molecular Biology, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Liza Weinstein-Fudim
- Department of Medical Neurobiology Hebrew, University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Albert Pinhasov
- Department of Morphological Sciences and Teratology, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Asher Ornoy
- Department of Morphological Sciences and Teratology, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Department of Medical Neurobiology Hebrew, University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
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Lin Y, Xu W, Yang L, Chen Z, Zhai J, Zhu Q, Guo Z, Wang N, Zhang C, Deng H, Wang S, Yang G. Mechanism of testicular injury induced by Di-ethylhexyl phthalate and its protective agents. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 381:110575. [PMID: 37257576 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is used as an important plasticizer in a wide range of products such as paints, food packaging, medical devices and children's toys. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the toxic effects of DEHP on the male reproductive organs, the testicles. Here, we reviewed the basic pathways of testicular damage caused by DEHP. The mechanism involves oxidative stress, ferroptosis, interfering with hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPGA) and testosterone level. We summarized the protective agents that have been shown to be effective in repairing this type of testicular damage in recent years. This provides a new perspective and direction for future research into the health effects and molecular mechanisms of DEHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Lin
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Wenqi Xu
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Zhengguo Chen
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Jianan Zhai
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Zhifang Guo
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Haoyuan Deng
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Shaopeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China.
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China.
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Sharkus R, Thakkar R, Kolson DL, Constantinescu CS. Dimethyl Fumarate as Potential Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease: Rationale and Clinical Trial Design. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1387. [PMID: 37239057 PMCID: PMC10216730 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a debilitating disease that leads to severe cognitive impairment and functional decline. The role of tau hyperphosphorylation and amyloid plaque deposition in the pathophysiology of AD has been well described; however, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress related to sustained microglial activation is thought to play a significant role in the disease process as well. NRF-2 has been identified in modulating the effects of inflammation and oxidative stress in AD. Activation of NRF-2 leads to an increased production of antioxidant enzymes, including heme oxygenase, which has been shown to have protective effects in neurodegenerative disorders such as AD. Dimethyl fumarate and diroximel fumarate (DMF) have been approved for the use in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Research indicates that they can modulate the effects of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress through the NRF-2 pathway, and as such, could serve as a potential therapeutic option in AD. We propose a clinical trial design that could be used to assess DMF as a treatment option for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sharkus
- Department of Neurology, Cooper Neurological Institute, Cherry Hill, NJ 08002, USA; (R.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Richa Thakkar
- Department of Neurology, Cooper Neurological Institute, Cherry Hill, NJ 08002, USA; (R.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Dennis L. Kolson
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Cris S. Constantinescu
- Department of Neurology, Cooper Neurological Institute, Cherry Hill, NJ 08002, USA; (R.S.); (R.T.)
- Department of Neurology, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
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Hao C, Han M, Wang W, Yang C, Wang J, Guo Y, Xu T, Zhang L, Li C. The neuroprotective effects of peracetylated chitosan oligosaccharides against β-amyloid-induced cognitive deficits in rats. MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 5:211-222. [PMID: 37275539 PMCID: PMC10232394 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-023-00172-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan oligosaccharides (COSs) have been reported to possess a broad range of activities such as antitumor, antioxidant and neuroprotective activities. In this study, the protective effects and mechanisms of peracetylated chitosan oligosaccharides (PACOs) against Aβ-induced cognitive deficits were investigated in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. PACOs treatment significantly improved the learning and memory function of Alzheimer's disease (AD) rats and attenuated the neuron cell damage caused by Aβ. PACOs also markedly reduced the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased the phosphorylation of Tau protein to inhibit oxidative injury and inflammatory responses in AD rats. Further studies indicated that PACOs may promote the repair of Aβ induced nerve damage and inhibit neuronal apoptosis mainly through regulating PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway. Consistently, the transcriptome analysis verified that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly involved in neuron development and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Taken together, peracetylated chitosan oligosaccharides (PACOs) have the potential to be developed into novel anti-AD agents targeting the cellular PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-023-00172-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Hao
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Minmin Han
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Qingdao Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Yunliang Guo
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Tao Xu
- Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Qingdao Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
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Chu C, Yu L, Li Y, Guo H, Zhai Q, Chen W, Tian F. Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM405 against Rotenone-Induced Parkinson’s Disease Mice via Regulating Gut Microbiota and Branched-Chain Amino Acids Biosynthesis. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071737. [PMID: 37049578 PMCID: PMC10096885 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that disturbances in the gut microbiota and microbiota -derived metabolites contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD), suggesting that probiotic treatments that restore them may delay disease progression. This study aimed to examine the attenuating efficacy of L. plantarum CCFM405 and the potential mechanisms in mice with rotenone-induced PD. Our results indicate that L. plantarum CCFM405 ameliorated rotenone-induced motor deficits and constipation, decreased dopaminergic neuronal death, reduced intestinal inflammation and neuroinflammation, and raised dopamine levels, 5-HT, and associated metabolites in the striatal region of the brain in mice with PD. Sequencing of 16S rRNA from fecal microbiota revealed that L. plantarum CCFM405 normalized the gut bacterial composition in mice with PD, as evidenced by the increased relative abundance of the following genus, Bifidobacterium, Turicibacter, and Faecalibaculum, and decreased relative abundance of Alistipes, Bilophila, Akkermansia, and Escherichia-Shigella. The PICRUSt-predicted gut microbiota function revealed that L. plantarum CCFM405 enhanced the biosynthesis of amino acid pathways, particularly valine, leucine, and isoleucine (branched-chain amino acids, BCAAs). A non-metabolomic analysis of the serum and feces showed that L. plantarum CCFM405 markedly increased the levels of BCAAs. Pathway enrichment analysis based on the KEGG database further suggested that L. plantarum CCFM405 supplementation can promote BCAAs biosynthesis. Collectively, L. plantarum CCFM405 can help to prevent rotenone-induced PD by modulating the gut microbiota–metabolite axis. BCAAs may play a dominant role in L. plantarum CCFM405-associated neuroprotection in PD mice. This probiotic could be utilized as a potential food supplement in the management of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqi Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Hang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Sharma V, Mehdi MM. Oxidative stress, inflammation and hormesis: The role of dietary and lifestyle modifications on aging. Neurochem Int 2023; 164:105490. [PMID: 36702401 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is primarily caused by the formation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species; it is considered as one of the prominent factors in slowing down and degrading cellular machinery of an individual, and it eventually leads to aging and age-related diseases by its continuous higher state. The relation between molecular damage and OS should be particularized to understand the beginning of destruction at the cellular levels, extending outwards to affect tissues, organs, and ultimately to the organism. Several OS biomarkers, which are established at the biomolecular level, are useful in investigating the disease susceptibility during aging. Slowing down the aging process is a matter of reducing the rate of oxidative damage to the cellular machinery over time. The breakdown of homeostasis, the mild overcompensation, the reestablishment of homeostasis, and the adaptive nature of the process are the essential features of hormesis, which incorporates several factors, including calorie restriction, nutrition and lifestyle modifications that play an important role in reducing the OS. In the current review, along with the concept and theories of aging (with emphasis on free radical theory), various manifestations of OS with special attention on mitochondrial dysfunction and age-related diseases have been discussed. To alleviate the OS, hormetic approaches including caloric restriction, exercise, and nutrition have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita Sharma
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144401, India
| | - Mohammad Murtaza Mehdi
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144401, India.
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Yuan M, Wang Y, Huang Z, Jing F, Qiao P, Zou Q, Li J, Cai Z. Impaired autophagy in amyloid-beta pathology: A traditional review of recent Alzheimer's research. J Biomed Res 2023; 37:30-46. [PMID: 36642915 PMCID: PMC9898044 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.36.20220145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. The major pathological changes in AD progression are the generation and accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides as well as the presence of abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau proteins in the brain. Autophagy is a conserved degradation pathway that eliminates abnormal protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Previous studies have suggested that autophagy plays a key role in the production and clearance of Aβ peptides to maintain a steady-state of Aβ peptides levels. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that autophagy is significantly impaired in the pathogenesis of AD, especially in Aβ metabolism. Therefore, this article reviews the latest studies concerning the mechanisms of autophagy, the metabolism of Aβ peptides, and the defective autophagy in the production and clearance of Aβ peptides. Here, we also summarize the established and new strategies for targeting autophagy in vivo and through clinical AD trials to identify gaps in our knowledge and to generate further questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Yuan
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Zhenting Huang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Feng Jing
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Peifeng Qiao
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Qian Zou
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Zhiyou Cai
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing 400013, China,Zhiyou Cai, Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing 401147, China. Tel/Fax: +86-23-63515796/+86-23-63515796, E-mail:
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Guo H, Yi J, Wang F, Lei T, Du H. Potential application of heat shock proteins as therapeutic targets in Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Int 2023; 162:105453. [PMID: 36402293 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common chronic neurodegenerative disease, and the heat shock proteins (HSPs) are proved to be of great value for PD. In addition, HSPs can maintain protein homeostasis, degrade and inhibit protein aggregation by properly folding and activating intracellular proteins in PD. This study mainly summarizes the important roles of HSPs in PD and explores their feasibility as targets. We introduced the structural and functional characteristics of HSPs and the physiological functions of HSPs in PD. HSPs can protect neurons from damage by degrading aggregates with three mechanisms, including the aggregation and removing α-Synuclein (α-Syn) aggregates, promotion the autophagy of abnormal proteins, and inhibition the apoptosis of degenerated neurons. This study underscores the importance of HSPs as targets in PD and helps to expand new mechanisms in PD treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Guo
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jingsong Yi
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Fan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tong Lei
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongwu Du
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Gallardo-Fernández M, Hornedo-Ortega R, Cerezo AB, Troncoso AM, Garcia-Parrilla MC. Hydroxytyrosol and dopamine metabolites: Anti-aggregative effect and neuroprotective activity against α-synuclein-induced toxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 171:113542. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Metabolomics and biochemical assays reveal the metabolic responses to hypo-salinity stress and osmoregulatory role of cAMP-PKA pathway in Mercenaria mercenaria. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:4110-4121. [PMID: 36016713 PMCID: PMC9385449 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics reveals the metabolic responses of hard clam to hypo-salinity stress. cAMP-PKA pathway and NKA play osmoregulatory roles in hard clams. Activated antioxidant responses and reorganized membrane lipids occurred at 5 d. Alaine and lactate accumulation suggest the onset of anaerobic metabolism at 1 d. Fatty acids β-oxidation is promoted to provide energy for osmoregulation.
Hypo-salinity events frequently occur in marine ecosystem due to persistent rainfall and freshwater inflow, reducing the cytosol osmolarity and triggering cellular stress responses in aquatic organisms. Euryhaline bivalves have developed sophisticated regulatory mechanisms to adapt to salinity fluctuations over a long period of evolution. In this study, we performed multiple biochemical assays, widely targeted metabolomics, and gene expression analysis to investigate the comprehensive metabolic responses to hypo-salinity stress and osmoregulation mechanisms in hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria, which is a euryhaline bivalve species widely cultured in China. During hypo-salinity stress, increased vacuoles appeared in gill filaments. The Na+ and Cl- concentrations in gills significantly decreased because of the up-regulation of Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) activity. The cAMP content dramatically decreased at 5 d post hypo-salinity stress. Meanwhile, the gene expression levels of adenylate cyclase, proteinkinase A, and sodium and calcium channel proteins were evidently down-regulated, suggesting that cAMP-PKA pathway was inhibited to prevent ambient inorganic ions from entering the gill cells. Antioxidant metabolites, such as serine and Tyr-containing dipeptides, were significantly up-regulated to resist oxidative stress. Glycerolipid metabolism was strengthened to stabilize membrane structure when hypo-salinity stress was prolonged to 5 days. At 1 d post hypo-salinity stress, an increase in alanine and lactate contents marked the initiation of anaerobic metabolism. Acylcarnitines accumulation indicated that fatty acids β-oxidation was promoted to provide energy for osmoregulation. The potential biomarkers of hypo-salinity stress were identified in hard clams. This study provides novel insights into the metabolic regulatory mechanisms to hypo-salinity stress in euryhaline bivalves.
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Siracusa R, Voltarelli VA, Trovato Salinaro A, Modafferi S, Cuzzocrea S, Calabrese EJ, Di Paola R, Otterbein LE, Calabrese V. NO, CO and H 2S: A Trinacrium of Bioactive Gases in the Brain. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115122. [PMID: 35679892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are time honored gases that have direct bearing on almost all life forms, but over the past thirty years, and in large part due to the Nobel Prize Award in Medicine for the elucidation of nitric oxide (NO) as a bioactive gas, the research and medical communities now recognize other gases as critical for survival. In addition to NO, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon monoxide (CO) have emerged as a triumvirate or Trinacrium of gases with analogous importance and that serve important homeostatic functions. Perhaps, one of the most intriguing aspects of these gases is the functional interaction between them, which is intimately linked by the enzyme systems that produce them. Despite the need to better understand NO, H2S and CO biology, the notion that these are environmental pollutants remains ever present. For this reason, incorporating the concept of hormesis becomes imperative and must be included in discussions when considering developing new therapeutics that involve these gases. While there is now an enormous literature base for each of these gasotransmitters, we provide here an overview of their respective physiologic roles in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Messina, 98166, Italy
| | - Vanessa A Voltarelli
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sergio Modafferi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Messina, 98166, Italy
| | - Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Leo E Otterbein
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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Sánchez OF, Lin LF, Xie J, Freeman JL, Yuan C. Lead exposure induces dysregulation of constitutive heterochromatin hallmarks in live cells. Curr Res Toxicol 2021; 3:100061. [PMID: 35005634 PMCID: PMC8717252 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal contaminant commonly found in air, soil, and drinking water due to legacy uses. Excretion of ingested Pb can result in extensive kidney damages due to elevated oxidative stress. Epigenetic alterations induced by exposure to Pb have also been implied but remain poorly understood. In this work, we assessed changes in repressive epigenetic marks, namely DNA methylation (meCpG) and histone 3 lysine 9 tri-methylation (H3K9me3) after exposure to Pb. Live cell epigenetic probes coupled to bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) were used to monitor changes in the selected epigenetic marks. Exposure to Pb significantly lowered meCpG and H3K9me3 levels in HEK293T cells suggesting global changes in constitutive heterochromatin. A heterodimeric pair of probes that tags chromatin regions enriched in both meCpG and H3K9me3 further confirmed our findings. The observed epigenetic changes can be partially attributed to aberrant transcriptional changes induced by Pb, such as overexpression of TET1 after Pb exposure. Lastly, we monitored changes in selected heterochromatin marks after removal of Pb and found that changes in these markers do not immediately recover to their original level suggesting potential long-term damages to chromatin structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar F. Sánchez
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Li F. Lin
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Junkai Xie
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Freeman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Purdue Center of Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Chongli Yuan
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Purdue Center of Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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HuD regulates SOD1 expression during oxidative stress in differentiated neuroblastoma cells and sporadic ALS motor cortex. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 148:105211. [PMID: 33271327 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuronal RNA-binding protein (RBP) HuD plays an important role in brain development, synaptic plasticity and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's (PD) and Alzheimer's (AD). Bioinformatics analysis of the human SOD1 mRNA 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) demonstrated the presence of HuD binding adenine-uridine (AU)-rich instability-conferring elements (AREs). Using differentiated SH-SY5Y cells along with brain tissues from sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) patients, we assessed HuD-dependent regulation of SOD1 mRNA. In vitro binding and mRNA decay assays demonstrate that HuD specifically binds to SOD1 ARE motifs promoting mRNA stabilization. In SH-SY5Y cells, overexpression of full-length HuD increased SOD1 mRNA and protein levels while a dominant negative form of the RBP downregulated its expression. HuD regulation of SOD1 mRNA was also found to be oxidative stress (OS)-dependent, as shown by the increased HuD binding and upregulation of this mRNA after H2O2 exposure. This treatment also induced a shift in alternative polyadenylation (APA) site usage in SOD1 3'UTR, increasing the levels of a long variant bearing HuD binding sites. The requirement of HuD for SOD1 upregulation during oxidative damage was validated using a specific siRNA that downregulated HuD protein levels to 36% and prevented upregulation of SOD1 and 91 additional genes. In the motor cortex from sALS patients, we found increases in SOD1 and HuD mRNAs and proteins, accompanied by greater HuD binding to this mRNA as confirmed by RNA-immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Altogether, our results suggest a role of HuD in the post-transcriptional regulation of SOD1 expression during ALS pathogenesis.
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Graphene Oxide Ameliorates the Cognitive Impairment Through Inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway to Induce Autophagy in AD Mouse Model. Neurochem Res 2020; 46:309-325. [PMID: 33180247 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03167-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system characterised by cognitive impairment. Its major pathological feature is the deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide, which triggers a series of pathological cascades. Autophagy is a main pathway to eliminate abnormal aggregated proteins, and increasing autophagy represents a plausible treatment strategy against relative overproduction of neurotoxic Aβ. Graphene oxide (GO) is an emerging carbon-based nanomaterial. As a derivative of graphene with neuroprotective effects, it can effectively increase the clearance of abnormally aggregated protein. In this article, we investigated the protective function of GO in an AD mouse model. GO (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) was administered for 2 weeks. The results of the Morris water maze test and the novel object recognition test suggested that GO ameliorated learning and memory impairments in 5xFAD mice. The long-term potentiation and depotentiation from the perforant path to the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus were increased with GO treatment in 5xFAD mice. Furthermore, GO upregulated the expression of synapse-related proteins and increased the cell density in the hippocampus. Our results showed that GO up-regulated LC3II/LC3I and Beclin-1 and decreased p62 protein levels in 5xFAD mice. In addition, GO downregulated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway to induce autophagy. These results have revealed the protective potential of GO in AD.
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Nutrition and microRNAs: Novel Insights to Fight Sarcopenia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9100951. [PMID: 33023202 PMCID: PMC7601022 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, which may result in increased physical frailty and a higher risk of adverse events. Low-grade systemic inflammation, loss of muscle protein homeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and reduced number and function of satellite cells seem to be the key points for the induction of muscle wasting, contributing to the pathophysiological mechanisms of sarcopenia. While a range of genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors has been reported to contribute to the onset of sarcopenia, dietary interventions targeting protein or antioxidant intake may have a positive effect in increasing muscle mass and strength, regulating protein homeostasis, oxidative reaction, and cell autophagy, thus providing a cellular lifespan extension. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-coding RNAs, which control gene expression in different tissues. In skeletal muscle, a range of miRNAs, named myomiRNAs, are involved in many physiological processes, such as growth, development, and maintenance of muscle mass and function. This review aims to present and to discuss some of the most relevant molecular mechanisms related to the pathophysiological effect of sarcopenia. Besides, we explored the role of nutrition as a possible way to counteract the loss of muscle mass and function associated with ageing, with special attention paid to nutrient-dependent miRNAs regulation. This review will provide important information to better understand sarcopenia and, thus, to facilitate research and therapeutic strategies to counteract the pathophysiological effect of ageing.
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Kurashova NA, Madaeva IM, Kolesnikova LI. Expression of HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins under Oxidative Stress. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057020010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chandra P, Rathore AS, Kay KL, Everhart JL, Curtis P, Burton-Freeman B, Cassidy A, Kay CD. Contribution of Berry Polyphenols to the Human Metabolome. Molecules 2019; 24:E4220. [PMID: 31757061 PMCID: PMC6930569 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diets rich in berries provide health benefits, however, the contribution of berry phytochemicals to the human metabolome is largely unknown. The present study aimed to establish the impact of berry phytochemicals on the human metabolome. A "systematic review strategy" was utilized to characterize the phytochemical composition of the berries most commonly consumed in the USA; (poly)phenols, primarily anthocyanins, comprised the majority of reported plant secondary metabolites. A reference standard library and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) quantitative metabolomics methodology were developed and applied to serum/plasma samples from a blueberry and a strawberry intervention, revealing a diversity of benzoic, cinnamic, phenylacetic, 3-(phenyl)propanoic and hippuric acids, and benzyldehydes. 3-Phenylpropanoic, 2-hydroxybenzoic, and hippuric acid were highly abundant (mean > 1 µM). Few metabolites at concentrations above 100 nM changed significantly in either intervention. Significant intervention effects (P < 0.05) were observed for plasma/serum 2-hydroxybenzoic acid and hippuric acid in the blueberry intervention, and for 3-methoxyphenylacetic acid and 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid in the strawberry intervention. However, significant within-group effects for change from baseline were prevalent, suggesting that high inter-individual variability precluded significant treatment effects. Berry consumption in general appears to cause a fluctuation in the pools of small molecule metabolites already present at baseline, rather than the appearance of unique berry-derived metabolites, which likely reflects the ubiquitous nature of (poly)phenols in the background diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Chandra
- Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (P.C.); (A.S.R.); (J.L.E.)
| | - Atul S. Rathore
- Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (P.C.); (A.S.R.); (J.L.E.)
| | - Kristine L. Kay
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Nutrition Research Institute, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA;
| | - Jessica L. Everhart
- Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (P.C.); (A.S.R.); (J.L.E.)
| | - Peter Curtis
- Department of Nutrition & Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK;
| | - Britt Burton-Freeman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Center for Nutrition Research, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60601, USA;
| | - Aedin Cassidy
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland;
| | - Colin D. Kay
- Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (P.C.); (A.S.R.); (J.L.E.)
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Antioxidant Defence Systems and Oxidative Stress in Poultry Biology: An Update. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8070235. [PMID: 31336672 PMCID: PMC6680731 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8070235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry in commercial settings are exposed to a range of stressors. A growing body of information clearly indicates that excess ROS/RNS production and oxidative stress are major detrimental consequences of the most common commercial stressors in poultry production. During evolution, antioxidant defence systems were developed in poultry to survive in an oxygenated atmosphere. They include a complex network of internally synthesised (e.g., antioxidant enzymes, (glutathione) GSH, (coenzyme Q) CoQ) and externally supplied (vitamin E, carotenoids, etc.) antioxidants. In fact, all antioxidants in the body work cooperatively as a team to maintain optimal redox balance in the cell/body. This balance is a key element in providing the necessary conditions for cell signalling, a vital process for regulation of the expression of various genes, stress adaptation and homeostasis maintenance in the body. Since ROS/RNS are considered to be important signalling molecules, their concentration is strictly regulated by the antioxidant defence network in conjunction with various transcription factors and vitagenes. In fact, activation of vitagenes via such transcription factors as Nrf2 leads to an additional synthesis of an array of protective molecules which can deal with increased ROS/RNS production. Therefore, it is a challenging task to develop a system of optimal antioxidant supplementation to help growing/productive birds maintain effective antioxidant defences and redox balance in the body. On the one hand, antioxidants, such as vitamin E, or minerals (e.g., Se, Mn, Cu and Zn) are a compulsory part of the commercial pre-mixes for poultry, and, in most cases, are adequate to meet the physiological requirements in these elements. On the other hand, due to the aforementioned commercially relevant stressors, there is a need for additional support for the antioxidant system in poultry. This new direction in improving antioxidant defences for poultry in stress conditions is related to an opportunity to activate a range of vitagenes (via Nrf2-related mechanisms: superoxide dismutase, SOD; heme oxygenase-1, HO-1; GSH and thioredoxin, or other mechanisms: Heat shock protein (HSP)/heat shock factor (HSP), sirtuins, etc.) to maximise internal AO protection and redox balance maintenance. Therefore, the development of vitagene-regulating nutritional supplements is on the agenda of many commercial companies worldwide.
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de Oliveira MR, de Bittencourt Brasil F, Fürstenau CR. Inhibition of the Nrf2/HO-1 Axis Suppresses the Mitochondria-Related Protection Promoted by Gastrodin in Human Neuroblastoma Cells Exposed to Paraquat. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:2174-2184. [PMID: 29998398 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles involved in the transduction of energy from different metabolic substrates into adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in mammalian cells. The oxidative phosphorylation system is comprised by the activity of the respiratory chain and the complex V (ATP synthase/ATPase). This system is dependent on oxygen gas (O2) in order to maintain a flux of electrons in the respiratory chain, since O2 is the final acceptor of these electrons. Electron leakage from this complex system leads to the continuous generation of reactive species in the cells. The mammalian cells exhibit certain mechanisms to attenuate the consequences originated from the constant exposure to these reactive species. In this context, the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and one of the enzymes whose expression is modulated by Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), take a central role in inducing cytoprotection in humans. Mitochondrial abnormalities are observed during intoxication and in certain diseases, including neurodegeneration. Mitochondrial protection promoted by natural compounds has attracted the attention of researchers due to the promising effects these agents induce experimentally. In this regard, we examined here whether and how gastrodin (GAS), a phenolic glucoside, would prevent the paraquat (PQ)-induced mitochondrial impairment in the SH-SY5Y cells. The cells were exposed to GAS (25 μM) for 4 h prior to the challenge with PQ at 100 μM for additional 24 h. The silencing of Nrf2 by siRNA or the inhibition of HO-1 by ZnPP IX suppressed the GAS-elicited cytoprotection. Therefore, GAS promoted mitochondrial protection by an Nrf2/HO-1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Grupo de Estudos em Neuroquímica e Neurobiologia de Moléculas Bioativas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT, 78060-900, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química (PPGQ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Brazil.
| | - Flávia de Bittencourt Brasil
- Departamento de Ciências da Natureza, Campus Universitário de Rio das Ostras, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristina Ribas Fürstenau
- Instituto de Biotecnologia (IBTEC), Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Patos de Minas, MG, Brazil
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