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Biswas D, Chakraborty A, Mukherjee S, Ghosh B. Hairy root culture: a potent method for improved secondary metabolite production of Solanaceous plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1197555. [PMID: 37731987 PMCID: PMC10507345 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1197555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites synthesized by the Solanaceous plants are of major therapeutic and pharmaceutical importance, many of which are commonly obtained from the roots of these plants. 'Hairy roots', mirroring the same phytochemical pattern of the corresponding root of the parent plant with higher growth rate and productivity, are therefore extensively studied as an effective alternative for the in vitro production of these metabolites. Hairy roots are the transformed roots, generated from the infection site of the wounded plants with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. With their fast growth, being free from pathogen and herbicide contamination, genetic stability, and autotrophic nature for plant hormones, hairy roots are considered as useful bioproduction systems for specialized metabolites. Lately, several elicitation methods have been employed to enhance the accumulation of these compounds in the hairy root cultures for both small and large-scale production. Nevertheless, in the latter case, the cultivation of hairy roots in bioreactors should still be optimized. Hairy roots can also be utilized for metabolic engineering of the regulatory genes in the metabolic pathways leading to enhanced production of metabolites. The present study summarizes the updated and modern biotechnological aspects for enhanced production of secondary metabolites in the hairy root cultures of the plants of Solanaceae and their respective importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diptesh Biswas
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Kolkata, India
| | - Avijit Chakraborty
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Kolkata, India
| | - Swapna Mukherjee
- Department of Microbiology, Dinabandhu Andrews College, Kolkata, India
| | - Biswajit Ghosh
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Kolkata, India
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2
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Aragão MM, Alvarez MA, Caiafa L, Santos MO. Nicotiana hairy roots for recombinant protein expression, where to start? A systematic review. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:4587-4604. [PMID: 36917368 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08360-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hairy roots are a plant-tissue culture raised by Rhizobium rhizogenes infection (formerly known as Agrobacterium rhizogenes). Nowadays, these roots have been gaining more space in biotechnology due to their benefits for the recombinant expression of valuables proteins; it includes simplified downstream processing, protein rhizosecretion, and scalability in bioreactors. However, due to methodological inconsistency among reports, the tissue platform is still a promising technology. METHODS AND RESULTS In the current paper, we propose the first step to overcome this issue through a systematic review of studies that employ Nicotiana hairy roots for recombinant expression. We conducted a qualitative synthesis of 36 out of 387 publications initially selected. Following the PRISMA procedure, all papers were assessed for exclusion and inclusion criteria. Multiple points of root culture were explored, including transformation methods, root growth curve, external additives, and scale-up with bioreactors to determine which approaches performed best and what is still required to achieve a robust protocol. CONCLUSION The information presented here may help researchers who want to work with hairy roots in their laboratories trace a successful path to appraisal the literature status.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Aragão
- Departamento de Biologia, ICB - Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora,, R. José Lourenço Kelmer, S/N, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - M A Alvarez
- CONICET - Universidade Maimónides (CEBBAD), Hidalgo 775, Lab 603, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Caiafa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, R. José Lourenço Kelmer, S/N, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - M O Santos
- Departamento de Biologia, ICB - Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora,, R. José Lourenço Kelmer, S/N, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
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Gutierrez-Valdes N, Häkkinen ST, Lemasson C, de Groot J, Ele-Ekouna JP, Guillet M, Cardon F, Ritala A. Improving yield of a recombinant biologic in a Brassica hairy root manufacturing process. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:2831-2841. [PMID: 35822204 PMCID: PMC9543041 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hairy root systems have proven to be a viable alternative for recombinant protein production. For recalcitrant proteins, maximizing the productivity of hairy root cultures is essential. The aim of this study was to optimize a Brassica rapa rapa hairy root process for secretion of alpha‐
l‐iduronidase (IDUA), a biologic of medical value. The process was first optimized with hairy roots expressing eGFP. For the biomass optimization, the highest biomass yields were achieved in modified Gamborg B5 culture medium. For the secretion induction, the optimized secretion media was obtained with additives (1.5 g/l PVP + 1 mg/l 2,4‐
d + 20.5 g/l KNO3) resulting in 3.4 fold eGFP secretion when compared to the non‐induced control. These optimized conditions were applied to the IDUA‐expressing hairy root clone, confirming that the highest yields of secreted IDUA occurred when using the defined additive combination. The functionality of the IDUA protein, secreted and intracellular, was confirmed with an enzymatic activity assay. A > 150‐fold increase of the IDUA activity was observed using an optimized secretion medium, compared with a non‐induced medium. We have proven that our B. rapa rapa hairy root system can be harnessed to secrete recalcitrant proteins, illustrating the high potential of hairy roots in plant molecular farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Gutierrez-Valdes
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O.Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
| | - Suvi T Häkkinen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O.Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
| | | | - Jonas de Groot
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O.Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Anneli Ritala
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O.Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
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Hashemi S, Niazi A, Baghizadeh A, Taghizadeh MS. Successful use of Nicotiana tabacum hairy roots for the recombinant production of Cecropin A peptide. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 69:876-886. [PMID: 33788287 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cecropin A, as an antimicrobial peptide (AMP), is possible to use in medical and agricultural fields as a new and safe biocontrol agent. Therefore, it is highly necessary to find a cost-effective and scalable approach to generate a large scale of it. In this research, the Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain ATCC 15834 was used to transfer the Cecropin A gene to the Nicotiana tabacum. After confirmation of transgenic hairy roots, the antibacterial activity of purified Cecropin A peptide was measured using the agar gel diffusion method. Successful transforming of Cecropin A was confirmed at the RNA and protein levels in hairy root cells using RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The highest Cecropin A amount was detected in line 4 of the transgenic lines using ELISA in comparison with the nontransgenic line. Subsequently, the antimicrobial activity of Cecropin A extracted from line 4 showed the highest inhibition activity against Aspergillus niger. Besides, this activity was stable against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans pathogens after 7 days. The recombinant production of Cecropin A AMP had a yield of 63.81 μg/g of fresh weight. According to a significant yield, this system can be used to produce the Cecropin A peptide for pharmacological and food science applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Hashemi
- Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Environmental Science, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Niazi
- Institute of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amin Baghizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Environmental Science, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
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CHOI HE, LEE JI, JO SY, CHAE YC, LEE JH, SUN HJ, KO K, HONG S, KONG KH. Functional expression of the sweet-tasting protein brazzein in transgenic tobacco. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.40521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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de Jesús-Pires C, Ferreira-Neto JRC, Pacifico Bezerra-Neto J, Kido EA, de Oliveira Silva RL, Pandolfi V, Wanderley-Nogueira AC, Binneck E, da Costa AF, Pio-Ribeiro G, Pereira-Andrade G, Sittolin IM, Freire-Filho F, Benko-Iseppon AM. Plant Thaumatin-like Proteins: Function, Evolution and Biotechnological Applications. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2021; 21:36-51. [PMID: 30887921 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190318164905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are a highly complex protein family associated with host defense and developmental processes in plants, animals, and fungi. They are highly diverse in angiosperms, for which they are classified as the PR-5 (Pathogenesis-Related-5) protein family. In plants, TLPs have a variety of properties associated with their structural diversity. They are mostly associated with responses to biotic stresses, in addition to some predicted activities under drought and osmotic stresses. The present review covers aspects related to the structure, evolution, gene expression, and biotechnological potential of TLPs. The efficiency of the discovery of new TLPs is below its potential, considering the availability of omics data. Furthermore, we present an exemplary bioinformatics annotation procedure that was applied to cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) transcriptome, including libraries of two tissues (root and leaf), and two stress types (biotic/abiotic) generated using different sequencing approaches. Even without using genomic sequences, the pipeline uncovered 56 TLP candidates in both tissues and stresses. Interestingly, abiotic stress (root dehydration) was associated with a high number of modulated TLP isoforms. The nomenclature used so far for TLPs was also evaluated, considering TLP structure and possible functions identified to date. It is clear that plant TLPs are promising candidates for breeding purposes and for plant transformation aiming a better performance under biotic and abiotic stresses. The development of new therapeutic drugs against human fungal pathogens also deserves attention. Despite that, applications derived from TLP molecules are still below their potential, as it is evident in our review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolline de Jesús-Pires
- Departamento de Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - João Pacifico Bezerra-Neto
- Departamento de Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ederson Akio Kido
- Departamento de Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Valesca Pandolfi
- Departamento de Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Eliseu Binneck
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria, Embrapa Soja, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | | | - Gilvan Pio-Ribeiro
- Departamento de Agronomia/Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Genira Pereira-Andrade
- Departamento de Agronomia/Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ilza Maria Sittolin
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria, Embrapa Meio-Norte, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Francisco Freire-Filho
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria, Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Benko-Iseppon
- Departamento de Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Dehdashti SM, Acharjee S, Nomani A, Deka M. Production of pharmaceutical active recombinant globular adiponectin as a secretory protein in Withania Somnifera hairy root culture. J Biotechnol 2020; 323:302-312. [PMID: 32682804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Among various in vitro plant culture systems, hairy root systems seem to be one of the most appealing methods of recombinant protein production due to their advantages in combining both whole-plant cultivation and suspension cell culture platform. This is a report on production and secretion of a recombinant pharmaceutically active protein from hairy roots cultures of Withania somnifera to improve the economic potential of this plant for the production pharmaceutical compounds. In this study, we selected and synthesized a codon-optimized globular adiponectin (gAd) gene with a calreticulin signal peptide and cloned the sequence into a plant expression binary vector containing a nptII gene as a selectable marker gene. The transgenic hairy roots were produced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation protocol developed by our group. Among ten established nptII positive hairy roots lines, six colons significantly accumulated gAd protein in the biomass and extracellular medium. The presence of gAd was confirmed by western blot analysis of root extracts. The maximum level of hairy root biomass, growth rate (GR), intra- and extracellular gAd expressions were obtained after 25-26 days of culture on MS medium. The maximum level of intra- and extracellular gAd proteins were found to be 15.19 μg/gFW and 215.7 μg/L, respectively, which resulted in a significant decrease in the amount of intra- and extracellular withanolide A and withaferin A production. The addition of PVP, KNO3 and NaCl significantly increased the level of extracellular gAd by approximately 13 folds. This improvement could significantly increase the amount of intra- and extracellular withanolide A and withaferin A production, too. The recombinant gAd produced from W. somnifera is functional as proved by induction the phosphorylation of ACC in C2C12 muscle cells, as its functional amount was 5.1-fold more than gAd produced from E. coli and 45 % lower than CHO cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Mehdi Dehdashti
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Faculty of Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam 781014, India.
| | - Sumita Acharjee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agriculture University, Jorhat, Assam 785013, India
| | - Alireza Nomani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Manab Deka
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Faculty of Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam 781014, India.
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Gutierrez-Valdes N, Häkkinen ST, Lemasson C, Guillet M, Oksman-Caldentey KM, Ritala A, Cardon F. Hairy Root Cultures-A Versatile Tool With Multiple Applications. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:33. [PMID: 32194578 PMCID: PMC7064051 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hairy roots derived from the infection of a plant by Rhizobium rhizogenes (previously referred to as Agrobacterium rhizogenes) bacteria, can be obtained from a wide variety of plants and allow the production of highly diverse molecules. Hairy roots are able to produce and secrete complex active glycoproteins from a large spectrum of organisms. They are also adequate to express plant natural biosynthesis pathways required to produce specialized metabolites and can benefit from the new genetic tools available to facilitate an optimized production of tailor-made molecules. This adaptability has positioned hairy root platforms as major biotechnological tools. Researchers and industries have contributed to their advancement, which represents new alternatives from classical systems to produce complex molecules. Now these expression systems are ready to be used by different industries like pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and food sectors due to the development of fully controlled large-scale bioreactors. This review aims to describe the evolution of hairy root generation and culture methods and to highlight the possibilities offered by hairy roots in terms of feasibility and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Anneli Ritala
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland
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9
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Salmanzadeh M, Sabet MS, Moieni A, Homaee M. Heterologous expression of an acid phosphatase gene and phosphate limitation leads to substantial production of chicoric acid in Echinacea purpurea transgenic hairy roots. PLANTA 2019; 251:31. [PMID: 31823013 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03317-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A high level of the secondary metabolite chicoric acid is produced by intracellular Pi supply and extracellular phosphate limiting in Echinacea purpurea hairy roots. Chicoric acid (CA) is a secondary metabolite which is gained from Echinacea purpurea. It has been found to be one of the most potent HIV integrase inhibitors with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the low-biosynthesis level of this valuable compound becomes an inevitable obstacle limiting further commercialization. Environmental stresses, such as phosphorus (Pi) deficiency, stimulate the synthesis of chemical metabolites, but significantly reduce plant growth and biomass production. To overcome the paradox of dual opposite effect of Pi limitation, we examined the hypothesis that the intracellular Pi supply and phosphate-limiting conditions enhance the total CA production in E. purpurea hairy roots. For this purpose, the coding sequence (CDS) of a purple acid phosphatase gene from Arabidopsis thaliana, AtPAP26, under CaMV-35S promoter was overexpressed in E. purpurea using Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain R15834. The transgenic hairy roots were cultured in a Pi-sufficient condition to increase the cellular phosphate metabolism. A short-term Pi starvation treatment of extracellular phosphate was applied to stimulate genes involved in CA biosynthesis pathway. The overexpression of AtPAP26 gene significantly increased the total APase activity in transgenic hairy roots compared to the non-transgenic roots under Pi-sufficient condition. Also, the transgenic hairy roots showed increase in the level of total and free phosphate, and in root fresh and dry weights compared to the controls. In addition, the phosphate limitation led to significant increase in the expression level of the CA biosynthesis genes. Considering the increase of biomass production in transgenic vs. non-transgenic hairy roots, a 16-fold increase was obtained in the final yield of CA for transgenic E. purpurea roots grown under -P condition compared to +P non-transgenic roots. Our results suggested that the expression of phosphatase genes and phosphate limitation were significantly effective in enhancing the final production yield and large-scale production of desired secondary metabolites in medicinal plant hairy roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meisam Salmanzadeh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Sabet
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 14115-336, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Moieni
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 14115-336, Iran
| | - Mehdi Homaee
- Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Khademi M, Nazarian‐Firouzabadi F, Ismaili A, Shirzadian Khorramabad R. Targeting microbial pathogens by expression of new recombinant dermaseptin peptides in tobacco. Microbiologyopen 2019; 8:e837. [PMID: 30912302 PMCID: PMC6854847 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dermaseptin B1 (DrsB1), an antimicrobial cationic 31 amino acid peptide, is produced by Phyllomedusa bicolor. In an attempt to enhance the antimicrobial efficacy of DrsB1, the DrsB1 encoding 93 bp sequence was either fused to the N or C terminus of sequence encoding chitin-binding domain (CBD) of Avr4 gene from Cladosporium fulvum. Tobacco leaf disk explants were inoculated with Agrobacterium rhizogenes harboring pGSA/CBD-DrsB1 and pGSA/DrsB1-CBD expression vectors to produce hairy roots (HRs). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to screen putative transgenic tobacco lines. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting analysis indicated that the expression of recombinant genes were significantly higher, and recombinant proteins were produced in transgenic HRs. The recombinant proteins were extracted from the tobacco HRs and used against Pectobacterium carotovorum, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic bacteria and Alternaria alternata and Pythium sp. fungi. Two recombinant proteins had a statistically significant (p < 0.01) inhibitory effect on the growth and development of plant pathogens. The CBD-DrsB1 recombinant protein demonstrated a higher antibacterial effect, whereas the DrsB1-CBD recombinant protein demonstrated greater antifungal activity. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the structure of the fungal mycelia appeared segmented, adhered to each other, and crushed following the antimicrobial activity of the recombinant proteins. Due to the high antimicrobial activity of the recombinant proteins against plant pathogens, this strategy can be used to generate stable transgenic crop plants resistant to devastating plant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Khademi
- Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Faculty of AgricultureLorestan UniversityKhorramabadIran
| | | | - Ahmad Ismaili
- Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Faculty of AgricultureLorestan UniversityKhorramabadIran
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Bahramnejad B, Naji M, Bose R, Jha S. A critical review on use of Agrobacterium rhizogenes and their associated binary vectors for plant transformation. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107405. [PMID: 31185263 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Agrobacterium rhizogenes, along with A. tumefaciens, has been used to affect genetic transformation in plants for many years. Detailed studies conducted in the past have uncovered the basic mechanism of foreign gene transfer and the implication of Ri/Ti plasmids in this process. A number of reviews exist describing the usage of binary vectors with A. tumefaciens, but no comprehensive account of the numerous binary vectors employed with A. rhizogenes and their successful applications has been published till date. In this review, we recollect a brief history of development of Ri-plasmid/Ri-T-DNA based binary vectors systems and their successful implementation with A. rhizogenes for different applications. The modification of native Ri plasmid to introduce foreign genes followed by development of binary vector using Ri plasmid and how it facilitated rapid and feasible genetic manipulation, earlier impossible with native Ri plasmid, have been discussed. An important milestone was the development of inducible plant expressing promoter systems which made expression of toxic genes in plant systems possible. The successful application of binary vectors in conjunction with A. rhizogenes in gene silencing and genome editing studies which are relatively newer developments, demonstrating the amenability and adaptability of hairy roots systems to make possible studying previously intractable research areas have been summarized in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Bahramnejad
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan 66177-15175, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Naji
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan 66177-15175, Iran
| | - Rahul Bose
- Department of Genetics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Sumita Jha
- Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700 019, India
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Zhang N, Wright T, Wang X, Karki U, Savary BJ, Xu J. Engineering 'designer' glycomodules for boosting recombinant protein secretion in tobacco hairy root culture and studying hydroxyproline-O-glycosylation process in plants. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:1130-1141. [PMID: 30467956 PMCID: PMC6523594 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The key technical bottleneck for exploiting plant hairy root cultures as a robust bioproduction platform for therapeutic proteins has been low protein productivity, particularly low secreted protein yields. To address this, we engineered novel hydroxyproline (Hyp)-O-glycosylated peptides (HypGPs) into tobacco hairy roots to boost the extracellular secretion of fused proteins and to elucidate Hyp-O-glycosylation process of plant cell wall Hyp-rich glycoproteins. HypGPs representing two major types of cell wall glycoproteins were examined: an extensin module consisting of 18 tandem repeats of 'Ser-Hyp-Hyp-Hyp-Hyp' motif or (SP4)18 and an arabinogalactan protein module consisting of 32 tandem repeats of 'Ser-Hyp' motif or (SP)32 . Each module was expressed in tobacco hairy roots as a fusion to the enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP). Hairy root cultures engineered with a HypGP module secreted up to 56-fold greater levels of EGFP, compared with an EGFP control lacking any HypGP module, supporting the function of HypGP modules as a molecular carrier in promoting efficient transport of fused proteins into the culture media. The engineered (SP4)18 and (SP)32 modules underwent Hyp-O-glycosylation with arabino-oligosaccharides and arabinogalactan polysaccharides, respectively, which were essential in facilitating secretion of the fused EGFP protein. Distinct non-Hyp-O-glycosylated (SP4)18 -EGFP and (SP)32 -EGFP intermediates were consistently accumulated within the root tissues, indicating a rate-limiting trafficking and/or glycosylation of the engineered HypGP modules. An updated model depicting the intracellular trafficking, Hyp-O-glycosylation and extracellular secretion of extensin-styled (SP4)18 module and AGP-styled (SP)32 module is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Zhang
- Arkansas Biosciences InstituteArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
| | - Tristen Wright
- Arkansas Biosciences InstituteArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- Arkansas Biosciences InstituteArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
| | - Uddhab Karki
- Arkansas Biosciences InstituteArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
| | - Brett J. Savary
- Arkansas Biosciences InstituteArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
- College of Agriculture and TechnologyArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Arkansas Biosciences InstituteArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
- College of Agriculture and TechnologyArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
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Cardon F, Pallisse R, Bardor M, Caron A, Vanier J, Ele Ekouna JP, Lerouge P, Boitel‐Conti M, Guillet M. Brassica rapa hairy root based expression system leads to the production of highly homogenous and reproducible profiles of recombinant human alpha-L-iduronidase. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:505-516. [PMID: 30058762 PMCID: PMC6335068 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The Brassica rapa hairy root based expression platform, a turnip hairy root based expression system, is able to produce human complex glycoproteins such as the alpha-L-iduronidase (IDUA) with an activity similar to the one produced by Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. In this article, a particular attention has been paid to the N- and O-glycosylation that characterize the alpha-L-iduronidase produced using this hairy root based system. This analysis showed that the recombinant protein is characterized by highly homogeneous post translational profiles enabling a strong batch to batch reproducibility. Indeed, on each of the 6 N-glycosylation sites of the IDUA, a single N-glycan composed of a core Man3 GlcNAc2 carrying one beta(1,2)-xylose and one alpha(1,3)-fucose epitope (M3XFGN2) was identified, highlighting the high homogeneity of the production system. Hydroxylation of proline residues and arabinosylation were identified during O-glycosylation analysis, still with a remarkable reproducibility. This platform is thus positioned as an effective and consistent expression system for the production of human complex therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Muriel Bardor
- Laboratoire Glyco‐MEV EA4358UNIROUENNormandie UniversitéRouenFrance
- Institut Universitaire de France (I.U.F.)Paris Cedex 05France
| | | | - Jessica Vanier
- Laboratoire Glyco‐MEV EA4358UNIROUENNormandie UniversitéRouenFrance
| | - Jean Pierre Ele Ekouna
- Biologie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI)Université de Picardie Jules VerneAmiensFrance
| | - Patrice Lerouge
- Laboratoire Glyco‐MEV EA4358UNIROUENNormandie UniversitéRouenFrance
| | - Michèle Boitel‐Conti
- Biologie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI)Université de Picardie Jules VerneAmiensFrance
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14
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Castiglia D, Leone S, Tamburino R, Sannino L, Fonderico J, Melchiorre C, Carpentieri A, Grillo S, Picone D, Scotti N. High-level production of single chain monellin mutants with enhanced sweetness and stability in tobacco chloroplasts. PLANTA 2018; 248:465-476. [PMID: 29777363 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2920-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Plastid-based MNEI protein mutants retain the structure, stability and sweetness of their bacterial counterparts, confirming the attractiveness of the plastid transformation technology for high-yield production of recombinant proteins. The prevalence of obesity and diabetes has dramatically increased the industrial demand for the development and use of alternatives to sugar and traditional sweeteners. Sweet proteins, such as MNEI, a single chain derivative of monellin, are the most promising candidates for industrial applications. In this work, we describe the use of tobacco chloroplasts as a stable plant expression platform to produce three MNEI protein mutants with improved taste profile and stability. All plant-based proteins were correctly expressed in tobacco chloroplasts, purified and subjected to in-depth chemical and sensory analyses. Recombinant MNEI mutants showed a protein yield ranging from 5% to more than 50% of total soluble proteins, which, to date, represents the highest accumulation level of MNEI mutants in plants. Comparative analyses demonstrated the high similarity, in terms of structure, stability and function, of the proteins produced in plant chloroplasts and bacteria. The high yield and the extreme sweetness perceived for the plant-derived proteins prove that plastid transformation technology is a safe, stable and cost-effective production platform for low-calorie sweeteners, with an estimated production of up to 25-30 mg of pure protein/plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Castiglia
- CNR-IBBR, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Serena Leone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rachele Tamburino
- CNR-IBBR, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Lorenza Sannino
- CNR-IBBR, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Jole Fonderico
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Melchiorre
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Carpentieri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Grillo
- CNR-IBBR, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Delia Picone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia Scotti
- CNR-IBBR, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, Portici, NA, Italy.
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15
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Abstract
Plant molecular farming depends on a diversity of plant systems for production of useful recombinant proteins. These proteins include protein biopolymers, industrial proteins and enzymes, and therapeutic proteins. Plant production systems include microalgae, cells, hairy roots, moss, and whole plants with both stable and transient expression. Production processes involve a narrowing diversity of bioreactors for cell, hairy root, microalgae, and moss cultivation. For whole plants, both field and automated greenhouse cultivation methods are used with products expressed and produced either in leaves or seeds. Many successful expression systems now exist for a variety of different products with a list of increasingly successful commercialized products. This chapter provides an overview and examples of the current state of plant-based production systems for different types of recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Bley
- Bioprocess Engineering, Institute of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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16
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Chahardoli M, Fazeli A, Ghabooli M. Recombinant production of bovine Lactoferrin-derived antimicrobial peptide in tobacco hairy roots expression system. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 123:414-421. [PMID: 29310078 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
LFchimera is a chimerical peptide containing Lactoferricin and Lactoferrampin antimicrobial peptides of bovine lactoferrin, and it has stronger bactericidal activity. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) like LFchimera have great potential as an alternative candidate for conventional antibiotics. Plant hairy roots provide suitable platform for fast, easy and cost-effective production of various recombinant proteins. The aim of this study was to express recombinant LFchimera in Nicotiana tabacum hairy roots and investigate its antimicrobial activity. The integration and expression of the transgene in hairy roots were confirmed by PCR and RT-PCR, respectively. LFchimera levels were quantified by ELISA and the presence of LFchimera was verified by SDS-PAGE analysis of root extracts. Biological activity of the plant derived LFchimera was confirmed by investigating the antimicrobial activity of total solution protein against Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739). Hairy root biomass reached to 4.6 g and LFchimera accumulate about 4.8 μg/g fresh weight in Erlenmeyer flasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Chahardoli
- Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Arash Fazeli
- Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Ghabooli
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran.
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17
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Healey RD, Lebhar H, Hornung S, Thordarson P, Marquis CP. An improved process for the production of highly purified recombinant thaumatin tagged-variants. Food Chem 2017; 237:825-832. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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Hidalgo D, Abdoli-Nasab M, Jalali-Javaran M, Bru-Martínez R, Cusidó RM, Corchete P, Palazon J. Biotechnological production of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator protein (reteplase) from transplastomic tobacco cell cultures. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 118:130-137. [PMID: 28633085 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Transplastomic plants are a system of choice for the mass production of biopharmaceuticals due to the polyploidy of the plastid genome and the low risk of pollen-mediated outcrossing because of maternal inheritance. However, as field-grown plants, they can suffer contamination by agrochemicals and fertilizers, as well as fluctuations in yield due to climatic changes and infections. Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), a protein used to treat heart attacks, converts plasminogen into plasmine, which digests fibrin and induces the dissolution of fibrin clots. Recently, we obtained transplastomic tobacco plants carrying the K2S gene encoding truncated human tPA (reteplase) with improved biological activity, and confirmed the presence of the target protein in the transgenic plant leaves. Considering the advantages of plant cell cultures for biopharmaceutical production, we established a cell line derived from the K2S tobacco plants. The active form of reteplase was quantified in cultures grown in light or darkness, with production 3-fold higher in light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Hidalgo
- Laboratori de Fisiologia Vegetal, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII sn, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maryam Abdoli-Nasab
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, High Technology and Environmental Science, Graduate University of Advanced Tecnology, P.O. Box 76315-117, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mokhtar Jalali-Javaran
- Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roque Bru-Martínez
- Plant Proteomics and Functional Genomics Group, Department of Agrochemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Rosa M Cusidó
- Laboratori de Fisiologia Vegetal, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII sn, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Purificación Corchete
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, University of Salamanca, E-37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier Palazon
- Laboratori de Fisiologia Vegetal, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII sn, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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19
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Gurusamy PD, Schäfer H, Ramamoorthy S, Wink M. Biologically active recombinant human erythropoietin expressed in hairy root cultures and regenerated plantlets of Nicotiana tabacum L. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182367. [PMID: 28800637 PMCID: PMC5553650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hairy root culture is a potential alternative to conventional mammalian cell culture to produce recombinant proteins due to its ease in protein recovery, low costs and absence of potentially human pathogenic contaminants. The current study focussed to develop a new platform of a hairy root culture system from Nicotiana tabacum for the production of recombinant human EPO (rhEPO), which is regularly produced in mammalian cells. The human EPO construct was amplified with C-terminal hexahistidine tag from a cDNA of Caco-2 cells. Two versions of rhEPO clones, with or without the N-terminal calreticulin (cal) fusion sequence, were produced by cloning the amplified construct into gateway binary vector pK7WG2D. Following Agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated transformation of tobacco explants; integration and expression of constructs in hairy roots were confirmed by several tests at DNA, RNA and protein levels. The amount of intracellular rhEPO from hairy root cultures with cal signal peptide was measured up to 66.75 ng g-1 of total soluble protein. The presence of the ER signal peptide (cal) was essential for the secretion of rhEPO into the spent medium; no protein was detected from hairy root cultures without ER signal peptide. The addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone enhanced the stabilization of secreted rhEPO leading to a 5.6 fold increase to a maximum concentration of 185.48 pg rhEPOHR g-1 FW hairy root cultures. The rhizo-secreted rhEPO was separated by HPLC and its biological activity was confirmed by testing distinct parameters for proliferation and survival in retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE). In addition, the rhEPO was detected to an amount 14.8 ng g-1 of total soluble leaf protein in transgenic T0 generation plantlets regenerated from hairy root cultures with cal signal peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornima Devi Gurusamy
- Department of Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Holger Schäfer
- Department of Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Siva Ramamoorthy
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | - Michael Wink
- Department of Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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20
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Mehrotra S, Srivastava V, Ur Rahman L, Kukreja AK. Hairy root biotechnology--indicative timeline to understand missing links and future outlook. PROTOPLASMA 2015; 252:1189-201. [PMID: 25626898 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-015-0761-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy roots (HR) were developed in the laboratory to mimic the natural phenomenon of bacterial gene transfer and occurrence of disease syndrome. The timeline analysis revealed that during 90 s, the research expanded to the hairy root-based secondary metabolite production and different yield enhancement strategies like media optimization, up-scaling, metabolic engineering etc. An outlook indicates that much emphasis has been given to the strategies that are helpful in making this technology more practical in terms of high productivity at low cost. However, a sequential analysis of literature shows that this technique is upgraded to a biotechnology platform where different intra- and interdisciplinary work areas were established, progressed, and diverged to provide scientific benefits of various hairy root-based applications like phytoremediation, molecular farming, biotransformation, etc. In the present scenario, this biotechnology research platform includes (a) elemental research like hairy root-mediated secondary metabolite production coupled with productivity enhancement strategies and (b) HR-based functional research. The latter comprised of hairy root-based applied aspects such as generation of agro-economical traits in plants, production of high value as well as less hazardous molecules through biotransformation/farming and remediation, respectively. This review presents an indicative timeline portrayal of hairy root research reflected by a chronology of research outputs. The timeline also reveals a progressive trend in the state-of-art global advances in hairy root biotechnology. Furthermore, the review also discusses ideas to explore missing links and to deal with the challenges in future progression and prospects of research in all related fields of this important area of plant biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakti Mehrotra
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, PO: CIMAP, Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow, 226015, India,
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21
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von Rymon Lipinski GW. Sweeteners. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 143:1-28. [PMID: 23887731 DOI: 10.1007/10_2013_222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Polyols as sugar substitutes, intense sweeteners and some new carbohydrates are increasingly used in foods and beverages. Some sweeteners are produced by fermentation or using enzymatic conversion. Many studies for others have been published. This chapter reviews the most important sweeteners.
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22
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Mora-Pale M, Sanchez-Rodriguez SP, Linhardt RJ, Dordick JS, Koffas MAG. Biochemical strategies for enhancing the in vivo production of natural products with pharmaceutical potential. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2013; 25:86-94. [PMID: 24484885 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2013.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have been associated with significant health benefits in preventing and treating various chronic human diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and pathogenic infections. However, the isolation, characterization and evaluation of natural products remain a challenge, mainly due to their limited bioavailability. Metabolic engineering and fermentation technology have emerged as alternative approaches for generating natural products under controlled conditions that can be optimized to maximize yields. Optimization of these processes includes the evaluation of factors such as host selection, product biosynthesis interaction with the cell's central metabolism, product degradation, and byproduct formation. This review summarizes the most recent biochemical strategies and advances in expanding and diversifying natural compounds as well as maximizing their production in microbial and plants cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Mora-Pale
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States
| | - Sandra P Sanchez-Rodriguez
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States; Department of Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States
| | - Jonathan S Dordick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States; Department of Material Science and Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States
| | - Mattheos A G Koffas
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States; Department of Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States.
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23
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Skarjinskaia M, Ruby K, Araujo A, Taylor K, Gopalasamy-Raju V, Musiychuk K, Chichester JA, Palmer GA, de la Rosa P, Mett V, Ugulava N, Streatfield SJ, Yusibov V. Hairy Roots as a Vaccine Production and Delivery System. BIOTECHNOLOGY OF HAIRY ROOT SYSTEMS 2013; 134:115-34. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2013_184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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24
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Swain SS, Rout KK, Chand PK. Production of triterpenoid anti-cancer compound taraxerol in Agrobacterium-transformed root cultures of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.). Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 168:487-503. [PMID: 22843061 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9791-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Independent transformed root somaclones (rhizoclones) of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) were established using explant co-cultivation with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Rhizoclones capable of sustained growth were maintained under low illumination in auxin-free agar-solidified MS medium through subcultures at periodic intervals. Integration of T(L)-DNA rolB gene in the transformed rhizoclone genome was verified by Southern blot hybridization, and the transcript expression of T(R)-DNA ags and man2 genes was ascertained by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. The major compound isolated and purified from the transformed root extracts was identified as the pentacyclic triterpenoid compound taraxerol using IR, (1)H-NMR, and (13)C-NMR spectroscopy. The taraxerol yield in cultured hairy roots, as quantified by HPTLC analysis, was up to 4-fold on dry weight basis compared to that in natural roots. Scanning of bands from cultured transformed roots and natural roots gave super-imposable spectra with standard taraxerol, suggesting a remarkable homology in composition. To date, this is the first report claiming production of the cancer therapeutic phytochemical taraxerol in genetically transformed root cultures as a viable alternative to in vivo roots of naturally occurring plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swasti S Swain
- Plant Cell and Tissue Culture Facility, Post-Graduate Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar 751 004 Odisha, India
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25
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Picone D, Temussi PA. Dissimilar sweet proteins from plants: oddities or normal components? PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 195:135-142. [PMID: 22921007 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 06/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The fruits of a few tropical plants contain intensely sweet proteins. Their common property points to a protein family. Generally, proteins belonging to the same family share similar folds, similar sequences and, at least in part, similar function but sweet proteins constitute an exception to this rule. Apart from sharing the rather unusual taste function, they show no obvious similarities either in their sequences or in three-dimensional structures. In this review we describe the nature, structure and mechanism of action of the best known sweet tasting proteins, including two taste modifying proteins. Sweet proteins stand out among sweet molecules because their volume is not compatible with an interaction with orthosteric active sites of the sweet taste receptor. The best explanation of their mechanism of action is the interaction with the external surface of the sweet taste receptor, according to a model that has been named "wedge model". It is hypothesized that this mode of action may be related to the ability of other members of their protein families to inhibit different enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Picone
- Università di Napoli Federico II, via Cinthia 45, Naples 80126, Italy
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26
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Georgiev MI, Agostini E, Ludwig-Müller J, Xu J. Genetically transformed roots: from plant disease to biotechnological resource. Trends Biotechnol 2012; 30:528-37. [PMID: 22906523 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hairy root syndrome is a disease that is induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes infection and characterized by a proliferation of excessively branching roots. However, in the past 30 years A. rhizogenes-mediated transformation has also provided a valuable platform for studying biosynthesis pathways in plants. Furthermore, the genetically transformed root cultures are becoming increasingly attractive, cost-effective options for mass-producing desired plant metabolites and expressing foreign proteins. Numerous proof-of-concept studies have demonstrated the feasibility of scaling up hairy-root-based processes while maintaining their biosynthetic potential. Recently, hairy roots have also shown immense potential for applications in phytoremediation, that is, plant-based decontamination of polluted environments. This review highlights recent progress and limitations in the field, and outlines future perspectives for the industrial exploitation of hairy roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milen I Georgiev
- Department of Applied Biotechnologies, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Boulevard, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
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27
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Stoger E. Plant bioreactors - the taste of sweet success. Biotechnol J 2012; 7:475-6. [PMID: 22253253 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201100472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Thaumatins are intensely sweet proteins (3000 times sweeter than the same weight of sucrose) that are found in the arils of the tropical perennial plant Thaumatococcus daniellii Benth and are produced commercially by aqueous extraction from the fruits. The proteins are widely used as sweeteners and flavor enhancers in the food industry, and the European Food Safety Association (EFSA) has recently confirmed that their use as feed additive (1 to 5 mg/kg complete feed) is safe for all animal species. Given the large market for sweeteners and flavor enhancers, thaumatins could become increasingly important in the food and feed additives sector. In this issue of Biotechnology Journal, a study examines the production of thaumatin in tobacco hairy root cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Stoger
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
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