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Xiang K, Li Y, Cong H, Yu B, Shen Y. Peptide-based non-viral gene delivery: A comprehensive review of the advances and challenges. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131194. [PMID: 38554914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Gene therapy is the most effective treatment option for diseases, but its effectiveness is affected by the choice and design of gene carriers. The genes themselves have to pass through multiple barriers in order to enter the cell and therefore require additional vectors to carry them inside the cell. In gene therapy, peptides have unique properties and potential as gene carriers, which can effectively deliver genes into specific cells or tissues, protect genes from degradation, improve gene transfection efficiency, and enhance gene targeting and biological responsiveness. This paper reviews the research progress of peptides and their derivatives in the field of gene delivery recently, describes the obstacles encountered by foreign materials to enter the interior of the cell, and introduces the following classes of functional peptides that can carry materials into the interior of the cell, and assist in transmembrane translocation of carriers, thus breaking through endosomal traps to enable successful entry of genetic materials into the nucleus of the cell. The paper also discusses the combined application of peptide vectors with other vectors to enhance its transfection ability, explores current challenges encountered by peptide vectors, and looks forward to future developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanan Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China.
| | - Bing Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Youqing Shen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Bio nanoengineering, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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2
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Pałasz A, Worthington JJ, Filipczyk Ł, Saganiak K. Pharmacomodulation of brain neuromedin U signaling as a potential therapeutic strategy. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:1728-1736. [PMID: 37496289 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Neuromedin U (NMU) belongs to a family of multifunctional neuropeptides that modulate the activity of several neural networks of the brain. Acting via metabotropic receptor NMUR2, NMU plays a role in the regulation of multiple systems, including energy homeostasis, stress responses, circadian rhythms, and endocrine signaling. The involvement of NMU signaling in the central regulation of important neurophysiological processes and its disturbances is a potential target for pharmacological modulation. Number of preclinical studies have proven that both modified NMU analogues such as PASR8-NMU or F4R8-NMU and designed NMUR2 agonists, for example, CPN-116, CPN-124 exhibit a distinct pharmacological activity especially when delivered transnasally. Their application can potentially be useful in the more convenient and safe treatment of obesity, eating disorders, Alzheimer's disease-related memory impairment, alcohol addiction, and sleep disturbances. Accumulating findings suggest that pharmacomodulation of the central NMU signaling may be a promising strategy in the treatment of several neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Pałasz
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - John J Worthington
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Łukasz Filipczyk
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Saganiak
- Department of Anatomy, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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3
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Omura M, Morimoto K, Araki Y, Hirose H, Kawaguchi Y, Kitayama Y, Goto Y, Harada A, Fujii I, Takatani-Nakase T, Futaki S, Nakase I. Inkjet-Based Intracellular Delivery System that Effectively Utilizes Cell-Penetrating Peptides for Cytosolic Introduction of Biomacromolecules through the Cell Membrane. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47855-47865. [PMID: 37792057 PMCID: PMC10592309 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
In the drug delivery system, the cytosolic delivery of biofunctional molecules such as enzymes and genes must achieve sophisticated activities in cells, and microinjection and electroporation systems are typically used as experimental techniques. These methods are highly reliable, and they have high intracellular transduction efficacy. However, a high degree of proficiency is necessary, and induced cytotoxicity is considered as a technical problem. In this research, a new intracellular introduction technology was developed through the cell membrane using an inkjet device and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). Using the inkjet system, the droplet volume, droplet velocity, and dropping position can be accurately controlled, and minute samples (up to 30 pL/shot) can be carried out by direct administration. In addition, CPPs, which have excellent cell membrane penetration functions, can deliver high-molecular-weight drugs and nanoparticles that are difficult to penetrate through the cell membrane. By using the inkjet system, the CPPs with biofunctional cargo, including peptides, proteins such as antibodies, and exosomes, could be accurately delivered to cells, and efficient cytosolic transduction was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Omura
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenta Morimoto
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yurina Araki
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisaaki Hirose
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Kawaguchi
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yukiya Kitayama
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuto Goto
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Harada
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ikuo Fujii
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoka Takatani-Nakase
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, 11-68, Koshien Kyuban-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Hyogo, Japan
- Institute
for Bioscience, Mukogawa Women’s
University, 11-68, Koshien
Kyuban-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Ikuhiko Nakase
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
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4
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Feng S, Xie X, Liu J, Li A, Wang Q, Guo D, Li S, Li Y, Wang Z, Guo T, Zhou J, Tang DYY, Show PL. A potential paradigm in CRISPR/Cas systems delivery: at the crossroad of microalgal gene editing and algal-mediated nanoparticles. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:370. [PMID: 37817254 PMCID: PMC10563294 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae as the photosynthetic organisms offer enormous promise in a variety of industries, such as the generation of high-value byproducts, biofuels, pharmaceuticals, environmental remediation, and others. With the rapid advancement of gene editing technology, CRISPR/Cas system has evolved into an effective tool that revolutionised the genetic engineering of microalgae due to its robustness, high target specificity, and programmability. However, due to the lack of robust delivery system, the efficacy of gene editing is significantly impaired, limiting its application in microalgae. Nanomaterials have become a potential delivery platform for CRISPR/Cas systems due to their advantages of precise targeting, high stability, safety, and improved immune system. Notably, algal-mediated nanoparticles (AMNPs), especially the microalgae-derived nanoparticles, are appealing as a sustainable delivery platform because of their biocompatibility and low toxicity in a homologous relationship. In addition, living microalgae demonstrated effective and regulated distribution into specified areas as the biohybrid microrobots. This review extensively summarised the uses of CRISPR/Cas systems in microalgae and the recent developments of nanoparticle-based CRISPR/Cas delivery systems. A systematic description of the properties and uses of AMNPs, microalgae-derived nanoparticles, and microalgae microrobots has also been discussed. Finally, this review highlights the challenges and future research directions for the development of gene-edited microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Feng
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
| | - Xin Xie
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Aifang Li
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Dandan Guo
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Shuxuan Li
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Yalan Li
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Zilong Wang
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
| | - Jin Zhou
- Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
| | - Doris Ying Ying Tang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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5
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Luo M, Ma J, Cheng X, Wu S, Bartels DJ, Guay D, Engelhardt JF, Liu X. Genome Editing in Ferret Airway Epithelia Mediated by CRISPR/Nucleases Delivered with Amphiphilic Shuttle Peptides. Hum Gene Ther 2023; 34:705-718. [PMID: 37335046 PMCID: PMC10457657 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2023.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene editing strategies are attractive for treating genetic pulmonary diseases such as cystic fibrosis (CF). However, challenges have included the development of safe and effective vector systems for gene editing of airway epithelia and model systems to report their efficiency and durability. The domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) has a high degree of conservation in lung cellular anatomy with humans, and has served as an excellent model for many types of lung diseases, including CF. In this study, we evaluated the efficiency of amphiphilic shuttle peptide S10 for protein delivery and gene editing using SpCas9, and AsCas12a (Cpf1) ribonucleoproteins (RNPs). These approaches were evaluated in proliferating ferret airway basal cells, polarized airway epithelia in vitro, and lungs in vivo, by accessing the editing efficiency using reporter ferrets and measuring indels at the ferret CFTR locus. Our results demonstrate that shuttle peptides efficiently enable delivery of reporter proteins/peptides and gene editing SpCas9 or Cpf1 RNP complexes to ferret airway epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo. We measured S10 delivery efficiency of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-nuclear localization signal (NLS) protein or SpCas9 RNP into ferret airway basal cells and fully differentiated ciliated and nonciliated epithelial cells in vitro. In vitro and in vivo gene editing efficiencies were determined by Cas/LoxP-gRNA RNP-mediated conversion of a ROSA-TG Cre recombinase reporter using transgenic primary cells and ferrets. S10/Cas9 RNP was more effective, relative to S10/Cpf1 RNP at gene editing of the ROSA-TG locus. Intratracheal lung delivery of the S10 shuttle combined with GFP-NLS protein or D-Retro-Inverso (DRI)-NLS peptide demonstrated efficiencies of protein delivery that were ∼3-fold or 14-fold greater, respectively, than the efficiency of gene editing at the ROSA-TG locus using S10/Cas9/LoxP-gRNA. Cpf1 RNPs was less effective than SpCas9 at gene editing of LoxP locus. These data demonstrate the feasibility of shuttle peptide delivery of Cas RNPs to the ferret airways and the potential utility for developing ex vivo stem cell-based and in vivo gene editing therapies for genetic pulmonary diseases such as CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihui Luo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jia Ma
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | | | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Douglas J. Bartels
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - John F. Engelhardt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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6
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Ma L, Yang S, Peng Q, Zhang J, Zhang J. CRISPR/Cas9-based gene-editing technology for sickle cell disease. Gene 2023; 874:147480. [PMID: 37182559 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common monogenic hematologic disorder and is essentially congenital hemolytic anemia caused by an inherited point mutation in the β-globin on chromosome 11. Although the genetic basis of SCD was revealed as early as 1957, treatment options for SCD have been very limited to date. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was thought to hold promise as a cure for SCD, but the available donors were still only 15% useful. Gene therapy has advanced rapidly into the 21st century with the promise of a cure for SCD, and gene editing strategies based on the cluster-based regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat sequence (CRISPR)/Cas9 system have revolutionized the field of gene therapy by precisely targeting genes. In this paper, we review the pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches of SCD, briefly summarize the delivery strategies of CRISPR/Cas9, and finally discuss in depth the current status, application barriers, and solution directions of CRISPR/Cas9 in SCD. Through the review in this paper, we hope to provide some references for gene therapy in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Ma
- Department of Hematology, Meishan City People's Hospital, Meishan City, Sichuan Province 620000, China
| | - Shanglun Yang
- Department of Hematology, Meishan City People's Hospital, Meishan City, Sichuan Province 620000, China
| | - Qianya Peng
- Department of Hematology, Meishan City People's Hospital, Meishan City, Sichuan Province 620000, China
| | - Jingping Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Meishan City People's Hospital, Meishan City, Sichuan Province 620000, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Meishan City People's Hospital, Meishan City, Sichuan Province 620000, China.
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7
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Nakazato Y, Otaki JM. Protein Delivery to Insect Epithelial Cells In Vivo: Potential Application to Functional Molecular Analysis of Proteins in Butterfly Wing Development. BIOTECH 2023; 12:biotech12020028. [PMID: 37092472 PMCID: PMC10123617 DOI: 10.3390/biotech12020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein delivery to cells in vivo has great potential for the functional analysis of proteins in nonmodel organisms. In this study, using the butterfly wing system, we investigated a method of protein delivery to insect epithelial cells that allows for easy access, treatment, and observation in real time in vivo. Topical and systemic applications (called the sandwich and injection methods, respectively) were tested. In both methods, green/orange fluorescent proteins (GFP/OFP) were naturally incorporated into intracellular vesicles and occasionally into the cytosol from the apical surface without any delivery reagent. However, the antibodies were not delivered by the sandwich method at all, and were delivered only into vesicles by the injection method. A membrane-lytic peptide, L17E, appeared to slightly improve the delivery of GFP/OFP and antibodies. A novel peptide reagent, ProteoCarry, successfully promoted the delivery of both GFP/OFP and antibodies into the cytosol via both the sandwich and injection methods. These protein delivery results will provide opportunities for the functional molecular analysis of proteins in butterfly wing development, and may offer a new way to deliver proteins into target cells in vivo in nonmodel organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugo Nakazato
- The BCPH Unit of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Joji M Otaki
- The BCPH Unit of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
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8
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Nakase I, Miyai M, Noguchi K, Tamura M, Yamamoto Y, Nishimura Y, Omura M, Hayashi K, Futaki S, Tokonami S, Iida T. Light-Induced Condensation of Biofunctional Molecules around Targeted Living Cells to Accelerate Cytosolic Delivery. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:9805-9814. [PMID: 36520534 PMCID: PMC9802214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The light-induced force and convection can be enhanced by the collective effect of electrons (superradiance and red shift) in high-density metallic nanoparticles, leading to macroscopic assembly of target molecules. We here demonstrate application of the light-induced assembly for drug delivery system with enhancement of cell membrane accumulation and penetration of biofunctional molecules including cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) with superradiance-mediated photothermal convection. For induction of photothermal assembly around targeted living cells in cell culture medium, infrared continuous-wave laser light was focused onto high-density gold-particle-bound glass bottom dishes exhibiting plasmonic superradiance or thin gold-film-coated glass bottom dishes. In this system, the biofunctional molecules can be concentrated around the targeted living cells and internalized into them only by 100 s laser irradiation. Using this simple approach, we successfully achieved enhanced cytosolic release of the CPPs and apoptosis induction using a pro-apoptotic domain with a very low peptide concentration (nM level) by light-induced condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuhiko Nakase
- NanoSquare
Research Institute, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka599-8570, Japan
- Graduate
School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
- Research
Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka599-8570, Japan
| | - Moe Miyai
- Graduate
School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
- Research
Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka599-8570, Japan
| | - Kosuke Noguchi
- NanoSquare
Research Institute, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka599-8570, Japan
- Graduate
School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
- Research
Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka599-8570, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tamura
- Graduate
School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
- Research
Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka599-8570, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Yamamoto
- Graduate
School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
- Research
Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka599-8570, Japan
| | - Yushi Nishimura
- Graduate
School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
- Research
Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka599-8570, Japan
- Division
of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka558-8585, Japan
| | - Mika Omura
- Graduate
School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
- Research
Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka599-8570, Japan
| | - Kota Hayashi
- Graduate
School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
- Research
Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka599-8570, Japan
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto611-0011, Japan
| | - Shiho Tokonami
- Research
Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka599-8570, Japan
- Graduate
School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture
University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
| | - Takuya Iida
- Graduate
School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka599-8531, Japan
- Research
Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka599-8570, Japan
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9
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Takahashi J, Ueta Y, Yamada D, Sasaki‐Hamada S, Iwai T, Akita T, Yamashita C, Saitoh A, Oka J. Intracerebroventricular administration of oxytocin and intranasal administration of the oxytocin derivative improve β-amyloid peptide (25-35)-induced memory impairment in mice. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2022; 42:492-501. [PMID: 36117475 PMCID: PMC9773650 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM We previously reported that oxytocin, a peptide hormone, can reverse the β-amyloid peptide (25-35) (Aβ25-35 )-induced impairments of the murine hippocampal synaptic plasticity. In this study, we examined the effects of oxytocin on the Aβ25-35 -induced impairment of cognitive behavior in murine in order to investigate the potential of oxytocin as a clinical treatment tool for Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS The Y-maze and Morris water maze (MWM) tests were performed. Since the intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration is both invasive and impractical, we further utilized intranasal (IN) delivery to the brain. For this purpose, we prepared an oxytocin derivative containing cell-penetrating peptides and a penetration accelerating sequence, which was subsequently used in our IN administration experiments. RESULTS We herein showed that the ICV administration of oxytocin in mice exerted memory-improving effects on the Aβ25-35 -induced amnesia in both the Y-maze and MWM tests. The IN administration of the oxytocin derivative exhibited memory-improving effects in the Y-maze test. Moreover, we acquired evidence that the fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled oxytocin derivative was distributed throughout the mouse brain following its IN administration. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the oxytocin derivative is effective for its IN delivery to the brain and may be particularly useful in the clinical treatment of cognitive impairment, such as that characterizing AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpei Takahashi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesTokyo University of ScienceChibaJapan
| | - Yudai Ueta
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesTokyo University of ScienceChibaJapan
| | - Daisuke Yamada
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesTokyo University of ScienceChibaJapan
| | - Sachie Sasaki‐Hamada
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesTokyo University of ScienceChibaJapan,Department of Physiology, School of Allied Health SciencesKitasato UniversitySagamiharaJapan
| | - Takashi Iwai
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesTokyo University of ScienceChibaJapan,Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKitasato UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Tomomi Akita
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesTokyo University of ScienceChibaJapan
| | - Chikamasa Yamashita
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesTokyo University of ScienceChibaJapan
| | - Akiyoshi Saitoh
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesTokyo University of ScienceChibaJapan
| | - Jun‐Ichiro Oka
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesTokyo University of ScienceChibaJapan
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10
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New Advances in Biomedical Application of Polymeric Micelles. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081700. [PMID: 36015325 PMCID: PMC9416043 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, nanomedicine has arisen as an emergent area of medicine, which studies nanometric systems, namely polymeric micelles (PMs), that increase the solubility and the stability of the encapsulated drugs. Furthermore, their application in dermal drug delivery is also relevant. PMs present unique characteristics because of their unique core-shell architecture. They are colloidal dispersions of amphiphilic compounds, which self-assemble in an aqueous medium, giving a structure-type core-shell, with a hydrophobic core (that can encapsulate hydrophobic drugs), and a hydrophilic shell, which works as a stabilizing agent. These features offer PMs adequate steric protection and determine their hydrophilicity, charge, length, and surface density properties. Furthermore, due to their small size, PMs can be absorbed by the intestinal mucosa with the drug, and they transport the drug in the bloodstream until the therapeutic target. Moreover, PMs improve the pharmacokinetic profile of the encapsulated drug, present high load capacity, and are synthesized by a reproducible, easy, and low-cost method. In silico approaches have been explored to improve the physicochemical properties of PMs. Based on this, a computer-aided strategy was developed and validated to enable the delivery of poorly soluble drugs and established critical physicochemical parameters to maximize drug loading, formulation stability, and tumor exposure. Poly(2-oxazoline) (POx)-based PMs display unprecedented high loading concerning water-insoluble drugs and over 60 drugs have been incorporated in POx PMs. Among various stimuli, pH and temperature are the most widely studied for enhanced drug release at the site of action. Researchers are focusing on dual (pH and temperature) responsive PMs for controlled and improved drug release at the site of action. These dual responsive systems are mainly evaluated for cancer therapy as certain malignancies can cause a slight increase in temperature and a decrease in the extracellular pH around the tumor site. This review is a compilation of updated therapeutic applications of PMs, such as PMs that are based on Pluronics®, micelleplexes and Pox-based PMs in several biomedical applications.
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11
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Peptide-Mediated Targeted Delivery of Aloe-Emodin as Anticancer Drug. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144615. [PMID: 35889487 PMCID: PMC9320513 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most diffuse cancers in the world and despite the availability of the different drugs employed against it, the need for new and particularly more specific molecules is ever growing. In this framework, natural products are increasingly assuming an important role as new anticancer drugs. Aloe-emodin (AE) is one of the best characterized molecules in this field. The functionalization of bioactive natural products with selected peptide sequences to enhance their bioavailability and specificity of action is a powerful and promising strategy. In this study, we analyzed the cell specificity, cell viability effects, intracellular distribution, and immune cell response of a new peptide conjugate of Aloe-emodin in SKBR3 and A549 cell lines by means of viability tests, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy. The conjugate proved to be more effective at reducing cell viability than AE in both cell lines. Furthermore, the results showed that it was mainly internalized within the SKBR3 cells, showing a nuclear localization, while A459 cells displayed mainly a cytoplasmic distribution. A preserving effect of the conjugate on NKs’ cell function was also observed. The designed conjugate showed a promising specific activity towards HER2-expressing cells coupled with an enhanced water solubility and a higher cytotoxicity; thus, the resulting proof-of-concept molecule can be further improved as an anticancer compound.
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12
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Yang W, Yan J, Zhuang P, Ding T, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Cui W. Progress of delivery methods for CRISPR-Cas9. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:913-926. [PMID: 35818792 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2100342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gene therapy is becoming increasingly common in clinical practice, giving hope for the correction of a wide range of human diseases and defects. The CRISPR/Cas9 system, consisting of the Cas9 nuclease and single-guide RNA (sgRNA), has revolutionized the field of gene editing. However, efficiently delivering the CRISPR-Cas9 to the target organ or cell remains a significant challenge. In recent years, with rapid advances in nanoscience, materials science, and medicine, researchers have developed various technologies that can deliver CRISPR-Cas9 in different forms for in vitro and in vivo gene editing. Here, we review the development of the CRISPR-Cas9 and describe the delivery forms and the vectors that have emerged in CRISPR-Cas9 delivery, summarizing the key barriers and the promising strategies that vectors currently face in delivering the CRISPR-Cas9. AREAS COVERED With the rapid development of CRISPR-Cas9, delivery methods are becoming increasingly important in the in vivo delivery of CRISPR-Cas9. EXPERT OPINION CRISPR-Cas9 is becoming increasingly common in clinical trials. However, the complex nuclease and protease environment is a tremendous challenge for in vivo clinical applications. Therefore, the development of delivery methods is highly likely to take the application of CRISPR-Cas9 technology to another level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Jiaqi Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Pengzhen Zhuang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Tao Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
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13
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Shinn J, Kwon N, Lee SA, Lee Y. Smart pH-responsive nanomedicines for disease therapy. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2022; 52:427-441. [PMID: 35573320 PMCID: PMC9083479 DOI: 10.1007/s40005-022-00573-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Currently nanomedicines are the focus of attention from researchers and clinicians because of the successes of lipid-nanoparticles-based COVID-19 vaccines. Nanoparticles improve existing treatments by providing a number of advantages including protection of cargo molecules from external stresses, delivery of drugs to target tissues, and sustained drug release. To prevent premature release-related side effects, stable drug loading in nanoformulations is required, but the increased stability of the formulation could also lead to a poor drug-release profile at the target sites. Thus, researchers have exploited differences in a range of properties (e.g., enzyme levels, pH, levels of reduced glutathione, and reactive oxygen species) between non-target and target sites for site-specific release of drugs. Among these environmental stimuli, pH gradients have been widely used to design novel, responsive nanoparticles. Area covered In this review, we assess drug delivery based on pH-responsive nanoparticles at the levels of tissues (tumor microenvironment, pH ~ 6.5) and of intracellular compartments (endosome and lysosome, pH 4.5-6.5). Upon exposure to these pH stimuli, pH-responsive nanoparticles respond with physicochemical changes to their material structure and surface characteristics. These changes include swelling, dissociation, or surface charge switching, in a manner that favors drug release at the target site (the tumor microenvironment region and the cytosol followed by endosomal escape) rather than the surrounding tissues. Expert opinion Lastly, we consider the challenges involved in the development of pH-responsive nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongyoon Shinn
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760 South Korea
| | - Nuri Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760 South Korea
| | - Seon Ah Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760 South Korea
| | - Yonghyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760 South Korea
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14
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Shinga K, Iwata T, Murata K, Daitoku Y, Michibata J, Arafiles JVV, Sakamoto K, Akishiba M, Takatani-Nakase T, Mizuno S, Sugiyama F, Imanishi M, Futaki S. L17ER4: A cell-permeable attenuated cationic amphiphilic lytic peptide. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 61:116728. [PMID: 35395514 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a series of attenuated cationic amphiphilic lytic (ACAL) peptides that can efficiently bring immunoglobulin G (IgG) and other functional proteins into cells. Delivery is generally achieved through the coadministration of ACAL peptides with cargo proteins. However, conjugation of ACAL peptides with cargos may be a promising approach for in vivo application to link in vivo outcomes of ACAL peptides and cargos. This study describes the creation of a new cell-permeable ACAL peptide, L17ER4. L17E is an optimized prototype of ACAL peptides previously developed in our laboratory for efficient delivery of IgGs into cells. Delivery was improved by functionalizing L17E with a tetra-arginine (R4) tag. Compared to the use of R8, a representative cell-penetrating peptide with high intracellular delivery efficacy, conjugation with L17ER4 afforded approximately four-fold higher cellular uptake of model small-molecule cargos (fluorescein isothiocyanate and HiBiT peptide). L17ER4 was also able to deliver proteins to cells. Fused with L17ER4, Cre recombinase was delivered into cells. Intracerebroventricular injection of Cre-L17ER4 into green red reporter mice, R26GRR, led to significant in vivo gene recombination in ependymal cells, suggesting that L17ER4 may be used as a cell-penetrating peptide for delivering protein therapeutics into cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Shinga
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takahiro Iwata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kazuya Murata
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoko Daitoku
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Junya Michibata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | | | - Kentarou Sakamoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Misao Akishiba
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tomoka Takatani-Nakase
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan; Institute for Bioscience, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Seiya Mizuno
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Sugiyama
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Miki Imanishi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
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15
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Røise JJ, Han H, Li J, Kerr DL, Taing C, Behrouzi K, He M, Ruan E, Chan LY, Espinoza EM, Reinhard S, Thakker K, Kwon J, Mofrad MRK, Murthy N. Acid-Sensitive Surfactants Enhance the Delivery of Nucleic Acids. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:67-79. [PMID: 34931518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of endosomal disruptive agents is a major challenge in the field of drug delivery and pharmaceutical chemistry. Current endosomal disruptive agents are composed of polymers, peptides, and nanoparticles and have had limited clinical impact. Alternatives to traditional endosomal disruptive agents are therefore greatly needed. In this report, we introduce a new class of low molecular weight endosomal disruptive agents, termed caged surfactants, that selectively disrupt endosomes via reversible PEGylation under acidic endosomal conditions. The caged surfactants have the potential to address several of the limitations hindering the development of current endosomal disruptive agents, such as high toxicity and low excretion, and are amenable to traditional medicinal chemistry approaches for optimization. In this report, we synthesized three generations of caged surfactants and demonstrated that they can enhance the ability of cationic lipids to deliver mRNA into primary cells. We also show that caged surfactants can deliver siRNA into cells when modified with the RNA-binding dye thiazole orange. We anticipate that the caged surfactants will have numerous applications in pharmaceutical chemistry and drug delivery given their versatility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Justad Røise
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Hesong Han
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - D Lucas Kerr
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Chung Taing
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Kamyar Behrouzi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Maomao He
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Emily Ruan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Lienna Y Chan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Eli M Espinoza
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sören Reinhard
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Kanav Thakker
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Justin Kwon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Mohammad R K Mofrad
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Molecular Biophysics and Integrative Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Niren Murthy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI), 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, California 94704, United States
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16
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How dendritic cells sense and respond to viral infections. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:2217-2242. [PMID: 34623425 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The ability of dendritic cells (DCs) to sense viral pathogens and orchestrate a proper immune response makes them one of the key players in antiviral immunity. Different DC subsets have complementing functions during viral infections, some specialize in antigen presentation and cross-presentation and others in the production of cytokines with antiviral activity, such as type I interferons. In this review, we summarize the latest updates concerning the role of DCs in viral infections, with particular focus on the complex interplay between DC subsets and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite being initiated by a vast array of immune receptors, DC-mediated antiviral responses often converge towards the same endpoint, that is the production of proinflammatory cytokines and the activation of an adaptive immune response. Nonetheless, the inherent migratory properties of DCs make them a double-edged sword and often viral recognition by DCs results in further viral dissemination. Here we illustrate these various aspects of the antiviral functions of DCs and also provide a brief overview of novel antiviral vaccination strategies based on DCs targeting.
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17
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Behr M, Zhou J, Xu B, Zhang H. In vivo delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 therapeutics: Progress and challenges. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2150-2171. [PMID: 34522582 PMCID: PMC8424283 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Within less than a decade since its inception, CRISPR-Cas9-based genome editing has been rapidly advanced to human clinical trials in multiple disease areas. Although it is highly anticipated that this revolutionary technology will bring novel therapeutic modalities to many diseases by precisely manipulating cellular DNA sequences, the low efficiency of in vivo delivery must be enhanced before its therapeutic potential can be fully realized. Here we discuss the most recent progress of in vivo delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 systems, highlight innovative viral and non-viral delivery technologies, emphasize outstanding delivery challenges, and provide the most updated perspectives.
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18
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19
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Arafiles JVV, Hirose H, Akishiba M, Tsuji S, Imanishi M, Futaki S. Stimulating Macropinocytosis for Intracellular Nucleic Acid and Protein Delivery: A Combined Strategy with Membrane-Lytic Peptides To Facilitate Endosomal Escape. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:547-553. [PMID: 32017537 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Delivery of biomacromolecules via endocytic pathways requires the efficient accumulation of cargo molecules into endosomes, followed by their release to the cytosol. We propose a unique intracellular delivery strategy for bioactive molecules using a new potent macropinocytosis-inducing peptide derived from stromal-derived factor 1α (SN21). This peptide allowed extracellular materials to enter cells through the activation of macropinocytosis. To provide the ability to release internalized cargoes from endosomes, we conjugated SN21 with membrane-lytic peptides. The combination of a macropinocytosis-inducing peptide and a membrane-lytic peptide successfully delivered functional siRNA and proteins, which include antibodies, Cre recombinase, and an artificial transcription regulator protein having a transcription activator-like effector (TALE) motif. This study shows the feasibility of combining the physiological stimulation of macropinocytosis with the physicochemical disruption of endosomes as a strategy for intracellular delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hisaaki Hirose
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Misao Akishiba
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shogo Tsuji
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Miki Imanishi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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20
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Kong J, Zhang J, Wang Y, Qi W, Rao H, Hu L, Su R, He Z. Bioinspired pH-Sensitive Fluorescent Peptidyl Nanoparticles for Cell Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:4212-4220. [PMID: 31917546 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
As an invaluable tool for biomedical research, the green fluorescent proteins (GFPs) make tumor cells, amyloid plaques, and pathogenic bacteria equally visible. Here, inspired by the chromophore of GFPs, we constructed a tyrosine-based peptide that show green luminescence in the aggregation state. Similar to the optical property of GFPs, the tyrosine-based peptidyl nanoparticles are stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen bonding and emit fluorescence when the Tyr residues bear phenolic anions. In addition, the tyrosine-based peptide is cell-permeable and endosome-escaped when conjuncted with the GPGR motif of human immunodeficiency virus and can be used for stable cell imaging due to its excellent photostability, pH-sensitivity and biocompatibility in physiological conditions. The results provide a promising pathway to construct peptidyl bioluminescent agents for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
| | - Wei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
| | - Hengjun Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
| | - Liuping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
| | - Rongxin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
| | - Zhimin He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
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21
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Li G, Gao Y, Gong C, Han Z, Qiang L, Tai Z, Tian J, Gao S. Dual-Blockade Immune Checkpoint for Breast Cancer Treatment Based on a Tumor-Penetrating Peptide Assembling Nanoparticle. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:39513-39524. [PMID: 31599562 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy can enhance the antitumor effect of drugs through a combinatorial approach in a synergistic manner. However, the effective targeted delivery of various drugs remains a challenge. We generated a peptide assembling tumor-targeted nanodelivery system based on a breast cancer homing and penetrating peptide for the codelivery of a programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) small interfering RNA (siRNA) (siPD-L1) and an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase inhibitor as a dual blockade of an immune checkpoint. The vector is capable of specifically accumulating in the breast cancer tumor site in a way that allows the siRNA to escape from endosomal vesicles after being endocytosed by tumor cells. The drug within these cells then acts to block tryptophan metabolism. The results showed that locally released siPD-L1 and 1-methyl-dl-tryptophan favor the survival and activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, resulting in apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Therefore, this study provides a potential approach for treating breast cancer by blocking immunological checkpoints through the assembly of micelles with functional peptides.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- B7-H1 Antigen/antagonists & inhibitors
- B7-H1 Antigen/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell-Penetrating Peptides/chemistry
- Cell-Penetrating Peptides/pharmacokinetics
- Cell-Penetrating Peptides/pharmacology
- Cell-Penetrating Peptides/therapeutic use
- Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Female
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Nanoparticles/chemistry
- Nanoparticles/therapeutic use
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/chemistry
- RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacokinetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology
- Tryptophan/analogs & derivatives
- Tryptophan/chemistry
- Tryptophan/pharmacokinetics
- Tryptophan/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Guorui Li
- Department of Pharmacy , Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Management , Fudan University School of Pharmacy , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Chunai Gong
- Department of Pharmacy , Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Han
- Department of Pharmacy , Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Lei Qiang
- Department of Pharmacy , Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Zongguang Tai
- Department of Pharmacy , Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Pharmacy , Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Shen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy , Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
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22
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Knewtson K, Perera C, Hymel D, Gao Z, Lee MM, Peterson BR. Antibody-Drug Conjugate that Exhibits Synergistic Cytotoxicity with an Endosome-Disruptive Peptide. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:12955-12968. [PMID: 31460422 PMCID: PMC6690568 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates are an important class of cancer therapeutics. These agents generally bind a specific cell surface receptor, undergo receptor-mediated endocytosis, and enter the endosomal-lysosomal system, where the environment in these organelles facilitates the release of a membrane-permeable cytotoxin. By using a membrane-impermeable cytotoxin, we describe here a method that allows the cytotoxicity of an antibody conjugate to be triggered by co-administration with an endosome-disruptive peptide that exhibits low toxicity. This approach was validated by conjugation of an anionic derivative of the tubulin-binding cytotoxin colchinol methyl ether to lysine residues of the HER2-targeting antibody trastuzumab (Herceptin) via a disulfide. When this antibody binds HER2 on SKBR3 breast cancer cells and undergoes endocytosis, the membrane-impermeable cytotoxin is released, but it becomes trapped in endosomes, resulting in relatively low cytotoxicity (IC50 > 1 μM). However, co-administration with an essentially nontoxic (IC50 > 10 μM) cholesterol-linked endosome-disruptive peptide promotes the release of this small molecule into the cytoplasm, conferring subnanomolar cytotoxic potency (IC50 = 0.11 ± 0.07 nM). Studies of a structurally related fluorophore conjugate revealed that the endosome-disruptive peptide does not substantially enhance cleavage of the disulfide (t 1/2 = 8 ± 2 h) within endosomes, suggesting that the mechanism of endosomal escape involves the efflux of some small molecules without facilitating substantial influx of reduced glutathione.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey
E. Knewtson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Chamani Perera
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | | | | | | | - Blake R. Peterson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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23
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Li J, Røise JJ, Zhang J, Yang J, Kerr DL, Han H, Murthy N. A novel fluorescent surfactant enhances the delivery of the Cas9 ribonucleoprotein and enables the identification of edited cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4562-4565. [PMID: 30931453 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00261h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In this report, we designed and synthesized a novel fluorescent single tailed surfactant (termed FEDS), which can disrupt endosomes, complex lipofectamine, and can also identify cells that have been transfected. FEDS was able to increase the gene editing efficiency of lipofectamine/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein by 300% via a combination of fluorescent based enrichment and endosomal disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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24
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Trützschler AK, Bus T, Reifarth M, Brendel JC, Hoeppener S, Traeger A, Schubert US. Beyond Gene Transfection with Methacrylate-Based Polyplexes-The Influence of the Amino Substitution Pattern. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:2181-2194. [PMID: 29712427 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Methacrylate-based polymers represent promising nonviral gene delivery vectors, since they offer a large variety of polymer architectures and functionalities, which are beneficial for specific demands in gene delivery. In combination with controlled radical polymerization techniques, such as the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, the synthesis of well-defined polymers is possible. In this study we prepared a library of defined linear polymers based on (2-aminoethyl)-methacrylate (AEMA), N-methyl-(2-aminoethyl)-methacrylate (MAEMA), and N,N-dimethyl-(2-aminoethyl)-methacrylate (DMAEMA) monomers, bearing pendant primary, secondary, and tertiary amino groups, and investigated the influence of the substitution pattern on their gene delivery capability. The polymers and the corresponding plasmid DNA complexes were investigated regarding their physicochemical characteristics, cytocompatibility, and transfection performance. The nonviral transfection by methacrylate-based polyplexes differs significantly from poly(ethylene imine)-based polyplexes, as a successful transfection is not affected by the buffer capacity. We observed that polyplexes containing a high content of primary amino groups (AEMA) offered the highest transfection efficiency, whereas polyplexes bearing tertiary amino groups (DMAEMA) exhibited the lowest transfection efficiency. Further insights into the uptake and release mechanisms could be identified by fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy, emphasizing the theory of membrane-pore formation for the time-efficient endosomal release of methacrylate-based vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Kristin Trützschler
- Institue for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Tanja Bus
- Institue for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Martin Reifarth
- Institue for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Helmholtzweg 4 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9 , 07745 Jena , Germany
| | - Johannes C Brendel
- Institue for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Institue for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Anja Traeger
- Institue for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Institue for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
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25
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Trützschler AK, Bus T, Sahn M, Traeger A, Weber C, Schubert US. The Power of Shielding: Low Toxicity and High Transfection Performance of Cationic Graft Copolymers Containing Poly(2-oxazoline) Side Chains. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:2759-2771. [PMID: 29791802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We show the potential of oligo(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (Oxn)-shielded graft copolymers of (2-aminoethyl)-methacrylate and N-methyl-(2-aminoethyl)-methacrylate for pDNA delivery in HEK cells. For the effect of grafting density and side chain length concerning improved transfection properties through the concept of shielding to be investigated, copolymers were synthesized via the macromonomer method using a combination of cationic ring opening polymerization and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization to vary the degree of grafting (DG = 10 and 30%) as well as the side chain degree of polymerization (DP = 5 and 20). Investigations of the polyplex formation, in vitro flow cytometry, and confocal laser scanning microscopy measurements on the copolymer library revealed classical shielding properties of the Ox side chains, including highly reduced cytotoxicity and a partial decrease in transfection efficiency, as also reported for polyethylene glycol shielding. In terms of the transfection efficiency, the best performing copolymers (A- g-Ox5(10) and M- g-Ox5(10)) revealed equal or better performances compared to those of the corresponding homopolymers. In particular, the graft copolymers with low DG and side chain DP transfected well with over 10-fold higher IC50 values. In contrast, a DG of 30% resulted in a loss of transfection efficiency due to missing ability for endosomal release, and a side chain DP of 20 hampered the cellular uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Kristin Trützschler
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Tanja Bus
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Martin Sahn
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Anja Traeger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Christine Weber
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
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26
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Spicer CD, Jumeaux C, Gupta B, Stevens MM. Peptide and protein nanoparticle conjugates: versatile platforms for biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:3574-3620. [PMID: 29479622 PMCID: PMC6386136 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00877e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Peptide- and protein-nanoparticle conjugates have emerged as powerful tools for biomedical applications, enabling the treatment, diagnosis, and prevention of disease. In this review, we focus on the key roles played by peptides and proteins in improving, controlling, and defining the performance of nanotechnologies. Within this framework, we provide a comprehensive overview of the key sequences and structures utilised to provide biological and physical stability to nano-constructs, direct particles to their target and influence their cellular and tissue distribution, induce and control biological responses, and form polypeptide self-assembled nanoparticles. In doing so, we highlight the great advances made by the field, as well as the challenges still faced in achieving the clinical translation of peptide- and protein-functionalised nano-drug delivery vehicles, imaging species, and active therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Spicer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles Väg 2, Stockholm, Sweden.
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27
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Sasaki-Hamada S, Funane T, Nakao Y, Sasaki R, Nagai M, Ueta Y, Yoshizawa K, Horiguchi M, Yamashita C, Oka JI. Intranasal administration of neuromedin U derivatives containing cell-penetrating peptides and a penetration-accelerating sequence induced memory improvements in mice. Peptides 2018; 99:241-246. [PMID: 29079533 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Neuromedin U (NMU) is a neuropeptide that is expressed and secreted in the brain and gut. We previously demonstrated that the intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of NMU inhibited inflammation-mediated memory impairment in mice. In order to utilize NMU as a clinical treatment tool for inflammation-mediated amnesia, we herein focused on non-invasive intranasal delivery because the i.c.v. administration route is invasive and impractical. In the present study, we prepared two NMU derivatives containing cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), octaarginine (R8), and each penetration-accelerating sequence, namely FFLIPKG (PASR8-NMU) and FFFFG (F4R8-NMU), for intranasal (i.n.) administration. In the Y-maze test, the i.c.v. administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10μg/mouse) significantly decreased spontaneous alternation behavior, and this was prevented by the prior administration of PASR8-NMU or F4R8-NMU (5.6μg/mouse, i.n.). Moreover, the administration of PASR8-NMU or F4R8-NMU (5.6μg/mouse, i.n.) just before the Y-maze test also improved LPS-induced memory impairment. Indocyanine green (ICG)-labeled PASR8-NMU (i.n.) was significantly observed in the hippocampus and paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus 30min after its i.n. administration. PASR8-NMU, but not F4R8-NMU guaranteed the stability of the administration liquid for 24h. These results suggest that PASR8-NMU is effective for i.n. delivery to the brain, and may be useful in the clinical treatment of inflammation-mediated amnesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachie Sasaki-Hamada
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Center for Translational Research, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Taichi Funane
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakao
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Rie Sasaki
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Mio Nagai
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yudai Ueta
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kazumi Yoshizawa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Michiko Horiguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Center for Drug Delivery Research, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Chikamasa Yamashita
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Center for Drug Delivery Research, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Oka
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Center for Translational Research, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
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28
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The Use of Plant-Derived Ribosome Inactivating Proteins in Immunotoxin Development: Past, Present and Future Generations. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9110344. [PMID: 29076988 PMCID: PMC5705959 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9110344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs) form a class of toxins that was identified over a century ago. They continue to fascinate scientists and the public due to their very high activity and long-term stability which might find useful applications in the therapeutic killing of unwanted cells but can also be used in acts of terror. We will focus our review on the canonical plant-derived RIPs which display ribosomal RNA N-glycosidase activity and irreversibly inhibit protein synthesis by cleaving the 28S ribosomal RNA of the large 60S subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes. We will place particular emphasis on therapeutic applications and the generation of immunotoxins by coupling antibodies to RIPs in an attempt to target specific cells. Several generations of immunotoxins have been developed and we will review their optimisation as well as their use and limitations in pre-clinical and clinical trials. Finally, we endeavour to provide a perspective on potential future developments for the therapeutic use of immunotoxins.
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29
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Quarta A, Rodio M, Cassani M, Gigli G, Pellegrino T, del Mercato LL. Multilayered Magnetic Nanobeads for the Delivery of Peptides Molecules Triggered by Intracellular Proteases. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:35095-35104. [PMID: 28858466 PMCID: PMC6091500 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b05709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the versatility of layer-by-layer technology was combined with the magnetic response of iron oxide nanobeads to prepare magnetic mesostructures with a degradable multilayer shell into which a dye quenched ovalbumin conjugate (DQ-OVA) was loaded. The system was specifically designed to prove the protease sensitivity of the hybrid mesoscale system and the easy detection of the ovalbumin released. The uptake of the nanostructures in the breast cancer cells was followed by the effective release of DQ-OVA upon activation via the intracellular proteases degradation of the polymer shells. Monitoring the fluorescence rising due to DQ-OVA digestion and the cellular dye distribution, together with the electron microscopy studying, enabled us to track the shell degradation and the endosomal uptake pathway that resulted in the release of the digested fragments of DQ ovalbumin in the cytosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Quarta
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology c/o Campus Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Marina Rodio
- Italian Institute
of Technology (IIT), via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Cassani
- Italian Institute
of Technology (IIT), via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology c/o Campus Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Department
of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Teresa Pellegrino
- Italian Institute
of Technology (IIT), via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Loretta L. del Mercato
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology c/o Campus Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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30
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Sun Y, Yang Z, Wang C, Yang T, Cai C, Zhao X, Yang L, Ding P. Exploring the role of peptides in polymer-based gene delivery. Acta Biomater 2017; 60:23-37. [PMID: 28778533 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polymers are widely studied as non-viral gene vectors because of their strong DNA binding ability, capacity to carry large payload, flexibility of chemical modifications, low immunogenicity, and facile processes for manufacturing. However, high cytotoxicity and low transfection efficiency substantially restrict their application in clinical trials. Incorporating functional peptides is a promising approach to address these issues. Peptides demonstrate various functions in polymer-based gene delivery systems, such as targeting to specific cells, breaching membrane barriers, facilitating DNA condensation and release, and lowering cytotoxicity. In this review, we systematically summarize the role of peptides in polymer-based gene delivery, and elaborate how to rationally design polymer-peptide based gene delivery vectors. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Polymers are widely studied as non-viral gene vectors, but suffer from high cytotoxicity and low transfection efficiency. Incorporating short, bioactive peptides into polymer-based gene delivery systems can address this issue. Peptides demonstrate various functions in polymer-based gene delivery systems, such as targeting to specific cells, breaching membrane barriers, facilitating DNA condensation and release, and lowering cytotoxicity. In this review, we highlight the peptides' roles in polymer-based gene delivery, and elaborate how to utilize various functional peptides to enhance the transfection efficiency of polymers. The optimized peptide-polymer vectors should be able to alter their structures and functions according to biological microenvironments and utilize inherent intracellular pathways of cells, and consequently overcome the barriers during gene delivery to enhance transfection efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chunxi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tianzhi Yang
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Husson University, Bangor, ME, USA
| | - Cuifang Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Pingtian Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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31
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Zhou Z, Liu Y, Wu L, Li L, Huang Y. Enhanced nuclear delivery of anti-cancer drugs using micelles containing releasable membrane fusion peptide and nuclear-targeting retinoic acid. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:7175-7185. [PMID: 32263908 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01177f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable cross-linked N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer micelles can improve the accumulation of drug cargo in tumors by prolonging their circulation time. However, drug delivery can still be ineffective because of intracellular degradation in lysosomes and poor delivery to the nucleus. In this work, we prepared a novel micelle by grafting the hydrophobic HA2 membrane fusion peptide onto hydrophilic HPMA copolymers via a linker that would be cleaved in lysosomes, allowing the HA2 peptide to be released and disrupt lysosome membranes. In addition, we conjugated the drug cargo (H1 peptide) to nucleus-targeting all-trans retinoic acid, and then encapsulated the conjugates into micelles. The drug-loaded micelles efficiently escaped lysosomes and targeted the nucleus in MCF-7 breast cancer cells in culture. They also strongly inhibited tumor growth in mice bearing MCF-7 tumor xenografts, without causing appreciable systemic toxicity. Removing the retinoic acid or preventing the cleavage of HA2 resulted in extremely inefficient lysosomal escape and nuclear delivery, translating into low anti-cancer efficacy in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that micelle modifications to evade lysosomes and target the nucleus can improve the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs. Our results further suggest that the ability to escape lysosomes improves the nuclear distribution of drug cargos more than the addition of the nuclear-targeting retinoic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhou
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University. No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
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32
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Rádis-Baptista G, Campelo IS, Morlighem JÉRL, Melo LM, Freitas VJF. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs): From delivery of nucleic acids and antigens to transduction of engineered nucleases for application in transgenesis. J Biotechnol 2017; 252:15-26. [PMID: 28479163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been studied for their capacity to translocate across the lipid membrane of several cell types. In membrane translocation, these peptides can remarkably transport biologically active hydrophilic molecules, such as pharmaceuticals, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and even high-molecular-weight proteins, Fig. 3 into the cell cytoplasm and organelles. The development of CPPs as transduction agents includes the modification of gene and protein expression, the reprogramming and differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells and the preparation of cellular vaccines. A relatively recent field of CPP application is the transduction of plasmid DNA vectors and CPP-fusion proteins to modify genomes and introduce new traits in cells and organisms. CPP-mediated transduction of components for genome editing is an advantageous alternative to viral DNA vectors. Engineered site-specific nucleases, such as Cre recombinase, ZFN, TALENs and CRISPR associated protein (Cas), have been coupled to CPPs, and the fused proteins have been used to permeate targeted cells and tissues. The functionally active fusion CPP-nucleases subsequently home to the nucleus, incise genomic DNA at specific sites and induce repair and recombination. This review has the objective of discussing CPPs and elucidating the prospective use of CPP-mediated transduction technology, particularly in genome modification and transgenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gandhi Rádis-Baptista
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute for Marine Science, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, 60.165-081, Brazil.
| | - Iana S Campelo
- Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, 60.714-903, Brazil
| | - Jean-Étienne R L Morlighem
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute for Marine Science, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, 60.165-081, Brazil; Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Post-graduation program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60.455-900, Brazil
| | - Luciana M Melo
- Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, 60.714-903, Brazil
| | - Vicente J F Freitas
- Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, 60.714-903, Brazil.
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33
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Selby LI, Cortez-Jugo CM, Such GK, Johnston APR. Nanoescapology: progress toward understanding the endosomal escape of polymeric nanoparticles. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 9. [PMID: 28160452 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Using nanoparticles to deliver drugs to cells has the potential to revolutionize the treatment of many diseases, including HIV, cancer, and diabetes. One of the major challenges facing this field is controlling where the drug is trafficked once the nanoparticle is taken up into the cell. In particular, if drugs remain localized in an endosomal or lysosomal compartment, the therapeutic can be rendered completely ineffective. To ensure the design of more effective delivery systems we must first develop a better understanding of how nanoparticles and their cargo are trafficked inside cells. This needs to be combined with an understanding of what characteristics are required for nanoparticles to achieve endosomal escape, along with methods to detect endosomal escape effectively. This review is focused into three sections: first, an introduction to the mechanisms governing internalization and trafficking in cells, second, a discussion of methods to detect endosomal escape, and finally, recent advances in controlling endosomal escape from polymer- and lipid-based nanoparticles, with a focus on engineering materials to promote endosomal escape. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1452. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1452 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura I Selby
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christina M Cortez-Jugo
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Georgina K Such
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Angus P R Johnston
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Sasaki-Hamada S, Nakamura R, Nakao Y, Akimoto T, Sanai E, Nagai M, Horiguchi M, Yamashita C, Oka JI. Antidepressant-like effects exerted by the intranasal administration of a glucagon-like peptide-2 derivative containing cell-penetrating peptides and a penetration-accelerating sequence in mice. Peptides 2017; 87:64-70. [PMID: 27894924 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The intracerebroventicular (i.c.v.) administration of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) to rodents was shown to have antidepressant-like effects in imipramine-resistant depression-model mice. In order to utilize GLP-2 as a clinical treatment tool for depression, we herein focused on the intranasal delivery that is non-invasive approach, because the i.c.v. administration is invasive and impractical. In the present study, we prepared a GLP-2 derivative containing cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) and a penetration accelerating sequence (PAS) (PAS-CPPs-GLP-2) for the intranasal (i.n.) administration. PAS-CPPs-GLP-2 (i.n.) exhibited antidepressant-like effects in the forced-swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) in naïve mice as well as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) treated-mice. However, PAS-CPPs-GLP-2 (i.v.) and the GLP-2 derivative containing CPPs without a PAS (CPPs-GLP-2) (i.n.) did not affect the immobility time in the mouse FST. Moreover, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled PAS-CPPs-GLP-2 (i.n.), but not FITC-labeled CPPs-GLP-2 (i.n.) was distributed through the mouse brain after the FST session. These results suggest that PAS-CPPs-GLP-2 is effective for i.n. delivery to the brain, and may be useful in the clinical treatment of major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachie Sasaki-Hamada
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan; Center for Translational Research, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Ryuji Nakamura
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakao
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Toshiki Akimoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Emi Sanai
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Mio Nagai
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Michiko Horiguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan; Center for Drug Delivery Research, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Chikamasa Yamashita
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan; Center for Drug Delivery Research, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Oka
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan; Center for Translational Research, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
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Poly(lactic acid) for delivery of bioactive macromolecules. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 107:277-288. [PMID: 27349593 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic biomolecules often require frequent administration and supramolecular dosing to achieve therapeutic efficiencies and direct infusion into treatment or defect sites results in inadequate physiological response and at times severe side effects or mis-targeting. Delivery systems serve several purposes such as increased circulatory time, increased biomolecule half-life, and incorporation of new innovations can enable highly specific cell targeting and improved cell and nucleus permeability. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) has become a "material of choice" due to wide availability, reproducible synthetic route, customization, versatility, biodegradability and biocompatibility. Furthermore, PLA is amenable to a variety of fabrication methodologies and chemistries allowing an expansive library correlating physio-chemical properties, characteristics, and applications. This article discusses challenges to biomolecule delivery, and classical approaches of PLA based biomolecule delivery and targeting strategies under development and in trials.
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36
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Wan Y, Moyle PM, Christie MP, Toth I. Nanosized, peptide-based multicomponent DNA delivery systems: optimization of endosome escape activity. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:907-19. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.16.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Endosome escape is essential for developing effective nonviral gene delivery systems. Herein, three endosome-disrupting peptides (HA2(1–20), GALA and KALA) were incorporated into a multicomponent oligonucleotide delivery system to identify which peptide imparted the most favorable endosome escape and toxicity profile. Materials & methods: Copper (I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition was used to construct multicomponent delivery vectors. The systems were evaluated for size, toxicity, cellular uptake and endosome escape activity. Results: Each system condensed plasmid DNA to form nanosized particles. The highest cellular uptake and endosome escape were associated with GALA and KALA containing systems, with KALA incorporation correlating with greater toxicity. Conclusion: GALA was selected as the most promising endosome-disrupting peptide for incorporation into the nanosized oligonucleotide delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wan
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, 4102, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter M Moyle
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, 4102, QLD, Australia
| | - Michelle P Christie
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, QLD, Australia
| | - Istvan Toth
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, 4102, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, QLD, Australia
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Masuda R, Yamamoto K, Koide T. Cellular Uptake of IgG Using Collagen-Like Cell-Penetrating Peptides. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 39:130-4. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Masuda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University
- Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University
| | - Takaki Koide
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University
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Jo JI, Tabata Y. How controlled release technology can aid gene delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1689-701. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1048221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Nakase I, Futaki S. Combined treatment with a pH-sensitive fusogenic peptide and cationic lipids achieves enhanced cytosolic delivery of exosomes. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10112. [PMID: 26011176 PMCID: PMC4443764 DOI: 10.1038/srep10112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, which are approximately 100 nm vesicles secreted by cells, have been studied with respect to cell-to-cell communication, disease diagnosis, and intracellular delivery. The cellular uptake of exosomes occurs by endocytosis; however, the cytosolic release efficiency of encapsulated molecules inside cells is low. To address this issue, here we demonstrate a simple technique for enhancing the cellular uptake and cytosolic release of exosomes by combining a pH-sensitive fusogenic peptide for the fusion of endosomal and exosomal membranes inside cells. This method stimulates the efficient cytosolic release of the exosomal contents with cationic lipids that act as a “glue” to support cellular uptake. Using this simple combined technique, the effective cellular uptake and cytosolic release of an artificially encapsulated dextran macromolecule (70 kDa) in exosomes are achieved, and a marked improvement in bioactivity is attained with the artificially encapsulated ribosome-inactivating protein saporin. Our method will contribute to many biological research fields, including the assessment of the activities of exosomal contents and the development of candidate tools enabling intracellular visualisation and cellular regulation for future therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuhiko Nakase
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Center, Research Organization for the 21st Century, Osaka Prefecture University, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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40
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Yang H, Kim DS. Peptide Immunotherapy in Vaccine Development: From Epitope to Adjuvant. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2015; 99:1-14. [PMID: 26067814 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines are designed to educate the host immune system to prevent infectious disease or to fight against various diseases such as cancers. Peptides were first employed to provide specific immune responses while minimizing unintended allergenic or reactogenic adverse effects. Discoveries of virus or cancer-specific antigens and the advanced knowledge of immunology accelerate the peptide vaccine development. Despite the overwhelming research pipelines, a very few of them reached to market approvals or phase III clinical trials, because of the lack of efficacy. Several strategies for the next generation peptide vaccines are devised to overcome the weak immunogenicity and the poor delivery. In this review, we discuss the new promising strategies of peptide vaccine development which are recently developed in preclinical and/or clinical stage focusing the roles of peptides in the vaccine formulation from epitope to adjuvant. Additionally, we discuss the future perspectives of peptide vaccine and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Yang
- Research and Development Center, Peptron, Inc., Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Dong Seok Kim
- Research and Development Center, Peptron, Inc., Daejeon, South Korea.
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41
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Delivery of nucleic acids and nanomaterials by cell-penetrating peptides: opportunities and challenges. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:834079. [PMID: 25883975 PMCID: PMC4391616 DOI: 10.1155/2015/834079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Many viral and nonviral systems have been developed to aid delivery of biologically active molecules into cells. Among these, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have received increasing attention in the past two decades for biomedical applications. In this review, we focus on opportunities and challenges associated with CPP delivery of nucleic acids and nanomaterials. We first describe the nature of versatile CPPs and their interactions with various types of cargoes. We then discuss in vivo and in vitro delivery of nucleic acids and nanomaterials by CPPs. Studies on the mechanisms of cellular entry and limitations in the methods used are detailed.
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42
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Yu Z, Yu B, Kaye JB, Tang C, Chen S, Dong C, Shen B. Perspectives and Challenges of Cell-Penetrating Peptides in Effective siRNA Delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1142/s1793984414410165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, hundreds of cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been intensively developed as drug and nucleic acid delivery vectors. In many cases, however, the efficient delivery of exogenous bioactive molecules through the plasma membrane to their targets remains a tremendous challenging issue. CPPs have attracted tremendous research interest as efficient cellular delivery vehicles due to their intrinsic ability to enter cells and mediate uptake of a wide range of macromolecular cargos, such as proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, drugs and nanoparticle carriers. This review presents and discusses the current perspectives of CPP-mediated siRNA delivery system. We focus on the CPP-mediated siRNA delivery approaches, and particular emphasis is placed on the strategies for the advantages and disadvantages for each delivery approach. Lastly, the cellular uptake mechanisms of CPPs and the specific challenges associated with each delivery system of siRNAs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Yu
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P. R. China
- Center for BioEnergetics, The Biodesign Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and New Drug Research & Development Center Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Justin Boy Kaye
- Center for BioEnergetics, The Biodesign Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Chenhong Tang
- Center for BioEnergetics, The Biodesign Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Shengxi Chen
- Center for BioEnergetics, The Biodesign Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Chenbo Dong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Bing Shen
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P. R. China
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43
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Fernández-Ulibarri I, Hammer K, Arndt MAE, Kaufmann JK, Dorer D, Engelhardt S, Kontermann RE, Hess J, Allgayer H, Krauss J, Nettelbeck DM. Genetic delivery of an immunoRNase by an oncolytic adenovirus enhances anticancer activity. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:2228-40. [PMID: 25303768 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Antibody therapy of solid cancers is well established, but suffers from unsatisfactory tumor penetration of large immunoglobulins or from low serum retention of antibody fragments. Oncolytic viruses are in advanced clinical development showing excellent safety, but suboptimal potency due to limited virus spread within tumors. Here, by developing an immunoRNase-encoding oncolytic adenovirus, we combine viral oncolysis with intratumoral genetic delivery of a small antibody-fusion protein for targeted bystander killing of tumor cells (viro-antibody therapy). Specifically, we explore genetic delivery of a small immunoRNase consisting of an EGFR-binding scFv antibody fragment fused to the RNase Onconase (ONC(EGFR)) that induces tumor cell death by RNA degradation after cellular internalization. Onconase is a frog RNase that combines lack of immunogenicity and excellent safety in patients with high tumor killing potency due to its resistance to the human cytosolic RNase inhibitor. We show that ONC(EGFR) expression by oncolytic adenoviruses is feasible with an optimized, replication-dependent gene expression strategy. Virus-encoded ONC(EGFR) induces potent and EGFR-dependent bystander killing of tumor cells. Importantly, the ONC(EGFR)-encoding oncolytic adenovirus showed dramatically increased cytotoxicity specifically to EGFR-positive tumor cells in vitro and significantly enhanced therapeutic activity in a mouse xenograft tumor model. The latter demonstrates that ONC(EGFR) is expressed at levels sufficient to trigger tumor cell killing in vivo. The established ONC(EGFR)-encoding oncolytic adenovirus represents a novel agent for treatment of EGFR-positive tumors. This viro-antibody therapy platform can be further developed for targeted/personalized cancer therapy by exploiting antibody diversity to target further established or emerging tumor markers or combinations thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Fernández-Ulibarri
- Oncolytic Adenovirus Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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McCullough KC, Milona P, Thomann-Harwood L, Démoulins T, Englezou P, Suter R, Ruggli N. Self-Amplifying Replicon RNA Vaccine Delivery to Dendritic Cells by Synthetic Nanoparticles. Vaccines (Basel) 2014; 2:735-54. [PMID: 26344889 PMCID: PMC4494254 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines2040735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) play essential roles determining efficacy of vaccine delivery with respect to immune defence development and regulation. This renders DCs important targets for vaccine delivery, particularly RNA vaccines. While delivery of interfering RNA oligonucleotides to the appropriate intracellular sites for RNA-interference has proven successful, the methodologies are identical for RNA vaccines, which require delivery to RNA translation sites. Delivery of mRNA has benefitted from application of cationic entities; these offer value following endocytosis of RNA, when cationic or amphipathic properties can promote endocytic vesicle membrane perturbation to facilitate cytosolic translocation. The present review presents how such advances are being applied to the delivery of a new form of RNA vaccine, replicons (RepRNA) carrying inserted foreign genes of interest encoding vaccine antigens. Approaches have been developed for delivery to DCs, leading to the translation of the RepRNA and encoded vaccine antigens both in vitro and in vivo. Potential mechanisms favouring efficient delivery leading to translation are discussed with respect to the DC endocytic machinery, showing the importance of cytosolic translocation from acidifying endocytic structures. The review relates the DC endocytic pathways to immune response induction, and the potential advantages for these self-replicating RNA vaccines in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Panagiota Milona
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, CH-3147 Mittelhaeusern, Switzerland.
| | | | - Thomas Démoulins
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, CH-3147 Mittelhaeusern, Switzerland.
| | - Pavlos Englezou
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, CH-3147 Mittelhaeusern, Switzerland.
| | - Rolf Suter
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, CH-3147 Mittelhaeusern, Switzerland.
| | - Nicolas Ruggli
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, CH-3147 Mittelhaeusern, Switzerland.
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45
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Bodenstine TM, Seftor REB, Seftor EA, Khalkhali-Ellis Z, Samii NA, Monarrez JC, Chandler GS, Pemberton PA, Hendrix MJC. Internalization by multiple endocytic pathways and lysosomal processing impact maspin-based therapeutics. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 12:1480-91. [PMID: 25256709 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Patients with metastatic disease face high rates of mortality with a paucity of therapeutic options. Protein-based therapeutics provide advantages over traditional chemotherapy through increased specificity, decreased immune impairment, and more direct means of delivery. However, development is often hindered because of insufficient knowledge about protein processing by cells when exogenously applied. This study focuses on recombinant Maspin (rMaspin), a serine protease inhibitor (SERPINB5), which alters invasive properties when directly applied to cancer cells. Previous evidence suggests differences in the effects of rMaspin treatment when compared with endogenous reexpression, with little explanation for these discrepancies. A leading hypothesis is that exogenously applied rMaspin is subject to different regulatory and/or processing mechanisms in cancer cells when compared with endogenous expression. Therefore, a more detailed understanding of the mechanisms of internalization and subcellular trafficking of rMaspin is needed to guide future translational development. We describe the molecular trafficking of rMaspin in cytoplasmic vesicles of the endosomal/lysosomal pathway and characterize its uptake by multiple endocytic mechanisms. Time-lapse laser scanning confocal microscopy shows the uptake, in real time, of dye-labeled rMaspin in cancer cells. This study indicates that cellular processing of rMaspin plays a key role by affecting its biologic activity and highlights the need for new approaches aimed at increasing the availability of rMaspin when used to treat cancer. IMPLICATIONS Novel characterization of internalization and subcellular trafficking of rMaspin provides new insights for future therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Bodenstine
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Richard E B Seftor
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Elisabeth A Seftor
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zhila Khalkhali-Ellis
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nicole A Samii
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - J Cesar Monarrez
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Grace S Chandler
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Mary J C Hendrix
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois.
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Verderio P, Avvakumova S, Alessio G, Bellini M, Colombo M, Galbiati E, Mazzucchelli S, Avila JP, Santini B, Prosperi D. Delivering colloidal nanoparticles to mammalian cells: a nano-bio interface perspective. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:957-76. [PMID: 24443410 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201300602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the behavior of multifunctional colloidal nanoparticles capable of biomolecular targeting remains a fascinating challenge in materials science with dramatic implications in view of a possible clinical translation. In several circumstances, assumptions on structure-activity relationships have failed in determining the expected responses of these complex systems in a biological environment. The present Review depicts the most recent advances about colloidal nanoparticles designed for use as tools for cellular nanobiotechnology, in particular, for the preferential transport through different target compartments, including cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria, and nucleus. Besides the conventional entry mechanisms based on crossing the cellular membrane, an insight into modern physical approaches to quantitatively deliver nanomaterials inside cells, such as microinjection and electro-poration, is provided. Recent hypotheses on how the nanoparticle structure and functionalization may affect the interactions at the nano-bio interface, which in turn mediate the nanoparticle internalization routes, are highlighted. In addition, some hurdles when this small interface faces the physiological environment and how this phenomenon can turn into different unexpected responses, are discussed. Finally, possible future developments oriented to synergistically tailor biological and chemical properties of nanoconjugates to improve the control over nanoparticle transport, which could open new scenarios in the field of nanomedicine, are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Verderio
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze; Università di Milano-Bicocca; piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
| | - Svetlana Avvakumova
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze; Università di Milano-Bicocca; piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “Luigi Sacco”; Università di Milano; Ospedale L. Sacco, via G. B. Grassi 74 20157 Milano Italy
| | - Giulia Alessio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “Luigi Sacco”; Università di Milano; Ospedale L. Sacco, via G. B. Grassi 74 20157 Milano Italy
| | - Michela Bellini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze; Università di Milano-Bicocca; piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
| | - Miriam Colombo
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze; Università di Milano-Bicocca; piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
| | - Elisabetta Galbiati
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze; Università di Milano-Bicocca; piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
| | - Serena Mazzucchelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “Luigi Sacco”; Università di Milano; Ospedale L. Sacco, via G. B. Grassi 74 20157 Milano Italy
| | - Jesus Peñaranda Avila
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze; Università di Milano-Bicocca; piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
| | - Benedetta Santini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze; Università di Milano-Bicocca; piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
| | - Davide Prosperi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze; Università di Milano-Bicocca; piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Clinical Biophotonics, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS; Via Capecelatro 66 20148 Milan Italy
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Nagel D, Behrendt JM, Chimonides GF, Torr EE, Devitt A, Sutherland AJ, Hine AV. Polymeric microspheres as protein transduction reagents. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 13:1543-51. [PMID: 24692642 PMCID: PMC4047473 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.o113.034900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Discovering the function of an unknown protein, particularly one with neither structural nor functional correlates, is a daunting task. Interaction analyses determine binding partners, whereas DNA transfection, either transient or stable, leads to intracellular expression, though not necessarily at physiologically relevant levels. In theory, direct intracellular protein delivery (protein transduction) provides a conceptually simpler alternative, but in practice the approach is problematic. Domains such as HIV TAT protein are valuable, but their effectiveness is protein specific. Similarly, the delivery of intact proteins via endocytic pathways (e.g. using liposomes) is problematic for functional analysis because of the potential for protein degradation in the endosomes/lysosomes. Consequently, recent reports that microspheres can deliver bio-cargoes into cells via a non-endocytic, energy-independent pathway offer an exciting and promising alternative for in vitro delivery of functional protein. In order for such promise to be fully exploited, microspheres are required that (i) are stably linked to proteins, (ii) can deliver those proteins with good efficiency, (iii) release functional protein once inside the cells, and (iv) permit concomitant tracking. Herein, we report the application of microspheres to successfully address all of these criteria simultaneously, for the first time. After cellular uptake, protein release was autocatalyzed by the reducing cytoplasmic environment. Outside of cells, the covalent microsphere–protein linkage was stable for ≥90 h at 37 °C. Using conservative methods of estimation, 74.3% ± 5.6% of cells were shown to take up these microspheres after 24 h of incubation, with the whole process of delivery and intracellular protein release occurring within 36 h. Intended for in vitro functional protein research, this approach will enable study of the consequences of protein delivery at physiologically relevant levels, without recourse to nucleic acids, and offers a useful alternative to commercial protein transfection reagents such as Chariot™. We also provide clear immunostaining evidence to resolve residual controversy surrounding FACS-based assessment of microsphere uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Nagel
- From the ‡School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Jonathan M Behrendt
- §School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Gwen F Chimonides
- §School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Elizabeth E Torr
- From the ‡School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Andrew Devitt
- From the ‡School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK; ‖Aston Research Centre for Healthy Aging, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Andrew J Sutherland
- §School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Anna V Hine
- From the ‡School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK;
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Nemes C, Varga E, Polgar Z, Klincumhom N, Pirity MK, Dinnyes A. Generation of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells by protein transduction. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2013; 20:383-92. [PMID: 24006854 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2013.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell reprogramming has generated enormous interest after the first report by Yamanaka and his coworkers in 2006 on the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from mouse fibroblasts. Here we report the generation of stable iPSCs from mouse fibroblasts by recombinant protein transduction (Klf4, Oct4, Sox2, and c-Myc), a procedure designed to circumvent the risks caused by integration of exogenous sequences in the target cell genome associated with gene delivery systems. The recombinant proteins were fused in the frame to the glutathione-S-transferase tag for affinity purification and to the transactivator transcription-nuclear localization signal polypeptide to facilitate membrane penetration and nuclear localization. We performed the reprogramming procedure on embryonic fibroblasts from inbred (C57BL6) and outbred (ICR) mouse strains. The cells were treated with purified proteins four times, at 48-h intervals, and cultured on mitomycin C treated mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells in complete embryonic stem cell (ESC) medium until colonies formed. The iPSCs generated from the outbred fibroblasts exhibited similar morphology and growth properties to ESCs and were sustained in an undifferentiated state for more than 20 passages. The cells were checked for pluripotency-related markers (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, cMyc, Nanog) by immunocytochemistry and by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The protein iPSCs (piPSCs) formed embryoid bodies and subsequently differentiated towards all three germ layer lineages. Importantly, the piPSCs could incorporate into the blastocyst and led to variable degrees of chimerism in newborn mice. These data show that recombinant purified cell-penetrating proteins are capable of reprogramming MEFs to iPSCs. We also demonstrated that the cells of the generated cell line satisfied all the requirements of bona fide mouse ESCs: form round colonies with defined boundaries; have a tendency to attach together with high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio; express key pluripotency markers; and are capable of in vitro differentiation into ecto-, endo-, and mesoderm, and in vivo chimera formation.
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Liu BR, Liou JS, Chen YJ, Huang YW, Lee HJ. Delivery of nucleic acids, proteins, and nanoparticles by arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptides in rotifers. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2013; 15:584-95. [PMID: 23715807 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-013-9509-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are a group of short, membrane-permeable cationic peptides that represent a nonviral technology for delivering nanomaterials and macromolecules into live cells. In this study, two arginine-rich CPPs, HR9 and IR9, were found to be capable of entering rotifers. CPPs were able to efficiently deliver noncovalently associated with cargoes, including plasmid DNAs, red fluorescent proteins (RFPs), and semiconductor quantum dots, into rotifers. The functional reporter gene assay demonstrated that HR9-delivered plasmid DNAs containing the enhanced green fluorescent protein and RFP coding sequences could be actively expressed in rotifers. The 1-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-3,5-diphenylformazan assay further confirmed that CPP-mediated cargo delivery was not toxic to rotifers. Thus, these two CPPs hold a great potential for the delivery of exogenous genes, proteins, and nanoparticles in rotifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Revon Liu
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University, 1, Sec. 2, Da-Hsueh Road, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
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50
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Shen Y, Fang H, Zhang K, Shrestha R, Wooley KL, Taylor JSA. Efficient protection and transfection of small interfering RNA by cationic shell-crosslinked knedel-like nanoparticles. Nucleic Acid Ther 2013; 23:95-108. [PMID: 23557117 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2012.0390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the great potential of small interfering RNA (siRNA) as a therapeutic agent, progress in this area has been hampered by a lack of efficient biocompatible transfection agents. Recently, cationic shell-crosslinked knedel-like nanoparticles (cSCKs) were found to possess lower cytotoxicity and better transfection ability for phosphorothioate ODNs and plasmid DNA than the commonly used cationic lipid-based agent Lipofectamine. To determine the usefulness of cSCKs for siRNA transfection, a small library of cSCKs with varying percentage of primary and tertiary amines was assessed for its ability to bind to siRNA, inhibit siRNA degradation in human serum, and to transfect HeLa and mouse macrophage cell lines. The silencing efficiency in HeLa cells was greatest with the cSCK with 100% primary amines (pa100) as determined by their viability following transfection with cytotoxic and non-cytotoxic siRNAs. cSCK-pa100 showed greater silencing efficiency than Lipofectamine 2000 in the HeLa cells, as well in 293T and human bronchial epithelial (HEK) cells, but was comparable in human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells and human mammary epithelial (MCF10a) cells. cSCK-pa100 also showed greater silencing of iNOS expression than Lipofectamine 2000 in a mouse macrophage cell line, and provided greater protection from serum degradation, demonstrating its potential usefulness as an siRNA transfection agent. The siRNA silencing of iNOS at lower concentrations of siRNA could be enhanced by complexation with the fusogenic GALA peptide, which was shown to enhance endosomal escape following uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefei Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University , St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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