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Hosseini S, Sharifi R, Habibi A, Ali Q. Molecular identification of rhamnolipids produced by Pseudomonas oryzihabitans during biodegradation of crude oil. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1459112. [PMID: 39234543 PMCID: PMC11372847 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1459112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The ability to produce biosurfactants plays a meaningful role in the bioavailability of crude oil hydrocarbons and the bioremediation efficiency of crude oil-degrading bacteria. This study aimed to characterize the produced biosurfactants by Pseudomonas oryzihabitans during the biodegradation of crude oil hydrocarbons. Methods The biosurfactants were isolated and then characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), liquid chromatography-mass-spectrometry (LC-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) analyses. Results The FTIR results revealed the existence of hydroxyl, carboxyl, and methoxyl groups in the isolated biosurfactants. Also, the LC-MS analysis demonstrated a main di-rhamnolipid (l-rhamnopyranosyll-rhamnopyranosyl-3-hydroxydecanoyl-3-hydroxydecanoate, Rha-Rha-C10-C10) along with a mono-rhamnolipid (l-rhamnopyranosyl-b-hydroxydecanoylb-hydroxydecanoate, Rha-C10-C10). In agreement with these findings, the NMR analysis confirmed the aromatic, carboxylic, methyl, sulfate moieties, and hexose sugar in the biosurfactants. The emulsion capacity of the biosurfactants decreased the surface tension of the aqueous system from 73.4 mN m-1 to around 33 mN m-1 at 200 mg L-1 as the critical micelle concentration. The emulsification capacity of the biosurfactants in the formation of a stable microemulsion for the diesel-water system at a wide range of pH (2-12), temperature (0-80°C), and salinity (2-20 g L-1 of NaCl) showed their potential use in oil recovery and bioremediation through the use of microbial enhancement. Discussion This work showed the ability of Pseudomonas oryzihabitans NC392 cells to produce rhamnolipid molecules during the biodegradation process of crude oil hydrocarbons. These biosurfactants have potential in bioremediation studies as eco-friendly and biodegradable products, and their stability makes them optimal for areas with extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Hosseini
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rouhallah Sharifi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alireza Habibi
- Faculty of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Qurban Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
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2
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Xu Q, Kang D, Meyer MD, Pennington CL, Gopal C, Schertzer JW, Kirienko NV. Cytotoxic rhamnolipid micelles drive acute virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0040723. [PMID: 38391248 PMCID: PMC10929412 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00407-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen that has developed multi- or even pan-drug resistance toward most frontline and last resort antibiotics, leading to increasing frequency of infections and deaths among hospitalized patients, especially those with compromised immune systems. Further complicating treatment, P. aeruginosa produces numerous virulence factors that contribute to host tissue damage and immune evasion, promoting bacterial colonization and pathogenesis. In this study, we demonstrate the importance of rhamnolipid production in host-pathogen interactions. Secreted rhamnolipids form micelles that exhibited highly acute toxicity toward murine macrophages, rupturing the plasma membrane and causing organellar membrane damage within minutes of exposure. While rhamnolipid micelles (RMs) were particularly toxic to macrophages, they also caused membrane damage in human lung epithelial cells, red blood cells, Gram-positive bacteria, and even noncellular models like giant plasma membrane vesicles. Most importantly, rhamnolipid production strongly correlated with P. aeruginosa virulence against murine macrophages in various panels of clinical isolates. Altogether, our findings suggest that rhamnolipid micelles are highly cytotoxic virulence factors that drive acute cellular damage and immune evasion during P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Donghoon Kang
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Matthew D. Meyer
- Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Citrupa Gopal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey W. Schertzer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
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Ambreetha S, Zincke D, Balachandar D, Mathee K. Genomic and metabolic versatility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa contributes to its inter-kingdom transmission and survival. J Med Microbiol 2024; 73. [PMID: 38362900 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most versatile bacteria with renowned pathogenicity and extensive drug resistance. The diverse habitats of this bacterium include fresh, saline and drainage waters, soil, moist surfaces, taps, showerheads, pipelines, medical implants, nematodes, insects, plants, animals, birds and humans. The arsenal of virulence factors produced by P. aeruginosa includes pyocyanin, rhamnolipids, siderophores, lytic enzymes, toxins and polysaccharides. All these virulent elements coupled with intrinsic, adaptive and acquired antibiotic resistance facilitate persistent colonization and lethal infections in different hosts. To date, treating pulmonary diseases remains complicated due to the chronic secondary infections triggered by hospital-acquired P. aeruginosa. On the contrary, this bacterium can improve plant growth by suppressing phytopathogens and insects. Notably, P. aeruginosa is one of the very few bacteria capable of trans-kingdom transmission and infection. Transfer of P. aeruginosa strains from plant materials to hospital wards, animals to humans, and humans to their pets occurs relatively often. Recently, we have identified that plant-associated P. aeruginosa strains could be pathologically similar to clinical isolates. In this review, we have highlighted the genomic and metabolic factors that facilitate the dominance of P. aeruginosa across different biological kingdoms and the varying roles of this bacterium in plant and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthivel Ambreetha
- Developmental Biology and Genetics, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Diansy Zincke
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Dananjeyan Balachandar
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kalai Mathee
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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4
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Das S, Rao KVB. A comprehensive review of biosurfactant production and its uses in the pharmaceutical industry. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:60. [PMID: 38197951 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03786-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Biosurfactants are naturally occurring, surface-active chemicals generated by microorganisms and have attracted interest recently because of their numerous industrial uses. Compared to their chemical equivalents, they exhibit qualities that include lower toxic levels, increased biodegradable properties, and unique physiochemical properties. Due to these traits, biosurfactants have become attractive substitutes for synthetic surfactants in the pharmaceutical industry. In-depth research has been done in the last few decades, demonstrating their vast use in various industries. This review article includes a thorough description of the various types of biosurfactants and their production processes. The production process discussed here is from oil-contaminated waste, agro-industrial waste, dairy, and sugar industry waste, and also how biosurfactants can be produced from animal fat. Various purification methods such as ultrafiltration, liquid-liquid extraction, acid precipitation, foam fraction, and adsorption are required to acquire a purified product, which is necessary in the pharmaceutical industry, are also discussed here. Alternative ways for large-scale production of biosurfactants using different statistical experimental designs such as CCD, ANN, and RSM are described here. Several uses of biosurfactants, including drug delivery systems, antibacterial and antifungal agents, wound healing, and cancer therapy, are discussed. Additionally, in this review, the future challenges and aspects of biosurfactant utilization in the pharmaceutical industry and how to overcome them are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriya Das
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632-014, India
| | - K V Bhaskara Rao
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632-014, India.
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5
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Wycisk V, Wagner MC, Urner LH. Trends in the Diversification of the Detergentome. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300386. [PMID: 37668309 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Detergents are amphiphilic molecules that serve as enabling steps for today's world applications. The increasing diversity of the detergentome is key to applications enabled by detergent science. Regardless of the application, the optimal design of detergents is determined empirically, which leads to failed preparations, and raising costs. To facilitate project planning, here we review synthesis strategies that drive the diversification of the detergentome. Synthesis strategies relevant for industrial and academic applications include linear, modular, combinatorial, bio-based, and metric-assisted detergent synthesis. Scopes and limitations of individual synthesis strategies in context with industrial product development and academic research are discussed. Furthermore, when designing detergents, the selection of molecular building blocks, i. e., head, linker, tail, is as important as the employed synthesis strategy. To facilitate the design of safe-to-use and tailor-made detergents, we provide an overview of established head, linker, and tail groups and highlight selected scopes and limitations for applications. It becomes apparent that most recent contributions to the increasing chemical diversity of detergent building blocks originate from the development of detergents for membrane protein studies. The overview of synthesis strategies and molecular blocks will bring us closer to the ability to predictably design and synthesize optimal detergents for challenging future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Wycisk
- TU Dortmund University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Marc-Christian Wagner
- TU Dortmund University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Leonhard H Urner
- TU Dortmund University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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Genito CJ, Darwitz BP, Greenwald MA, Wolfgang MC, Thurlow LR. Hyperglycemia potentiates increased Staphylococcus aureus virulence and resistance to growth inhibition by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0229923. [PMID: 37933971 PMCID: PMC10715105 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02299-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Individuals with diabetes are prone to more frequent and severe infections, with many of these infections being polymicrobial. Polymicrobial infections are frequently observed in skin infections and in individuals with cystic fibrosis, as well as in indwelling device infections. Two bacteria frequently co-isolated from infections are Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Several studies have examined the interactions between these microorganisms. The majority of these studies use in vitro model systems that cannot accurately replicate the microenvironment of diabetic infections. We employed a novel murine indwelling device model to examine interactions between S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Our data show that competition between these bacteria results in reduced growth in a normal infection. In a diabetic infection, we observe increased growth of both microbes and more severe infection as both bacteria invade surrounding tissues. Our results demonstrate that diabetes changes the interaction between bacteria resulting in poor infection outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Genito
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Adams School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Benjamin P. Darwitz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew A. Greenwald
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew C. Wolfgang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lance R. Thurlow
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Adams School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Guadarrama-Orozco KD, Perez-Gonzalez C, Kota K, Cocotl-Yañez M, Jiménez-Cortés JG, Díaz-Guerrero M, Hernández-Garnica M, Munson J, Cadet F, López-Jácome LE, Estrada-Velasco ÁY, Fernández-Presas AM, García-Contreras R. To cheat or not to cheat: cheatable and non-cheatable virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2023; 99:fiad128. [PMID: 37827541 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiad128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Important bacterial pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa produce several exoproducts such as siderophores, degradative enzymes, biosurfactants, and exopolysaccharides that are used extracellularly, benefiting all members of the population, hence being public goods. Since the production of public goods is a cooperative trait, it is in principle susceptible to cheating by individuals in the population who do not invest in their production, but use their benefits, hence increasing their fitness at the expense of the cooperators' fitness. Among the most studied virulence factors susceptible to cheating are siderophores and exoproteases, with several studies in vitro and some in animal infection models. In addition to these two well-known examples, cheating with other virulence factors such as exopolysaccharides, biosurfactants, eDNA production, secretion systems, and biofilm formation has also been studied. In this review, we discuss the evidence of the susceptibility of each of those virulence factors to cheating, as well as the mechanisms that counteract this behavior and the possible consequences for bacterial virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katya Dafne Guadarrama-Orozco
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04360 Mexico City,Mexico
| | - Caleb Perez-Gonzalez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04360 Mexico City,Mexico
| | - Kokila Kota
- Ramapo College of New Jersey, Biology Department, Mahwah, NJ 07430, USA
| | - Miguel Cocotl-Yañez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04360 Mexico City,Mexico
| | - Jesús Guillermo Jiménez-Cortés
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04360 Mexico City,Mexico
| | - Miguel Díaz-Guerrero
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04360 Mexico City,Mexico
| | - Mariel Hernández-Garnica
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04360 Mexico City,Mexico
| | - Julia Munson
- Ramapo College of New Jersey, Biology Department, Mahwah, NJ 07430, USA
| | - Frederic Cadet
- PEACCEL, Artificial Intelligence Department, AI for Biologics, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Luis Esaú López-Jácome
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Clínica, División de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, 14389 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ángel Yahir Estrada-Velasco
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04360 Mexico City,Mexico
| | - Ana María Fernández-Presas
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04360 Mexico City,Mexico
| | - Rodolfo García-Contreras
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04360 Mexico City,Mexico
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8
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Xu Q, Kang D, Meyer MD, Pennington CL, Gopal C, Schertzer JW, Kirienko NV. Cytotoxic rhamnolipid micelles drive acute virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.13.562257. [PMID: 37873290 PMCID: PMC10592815 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.13.562257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen that has developed multi- or even pan-drug resistance towards most frontline and last resort antibiotics, leading to increasing infections and deaths among hospitalized patients, especially those with compromised immune systems. Further complicating treatment, P. aeruginosa produces numerous virulence factors that contribute to host tissue damage and immune evasion, promoting bacterial colonization and pathogenesis. In this study, we demonstrate the importance of rhamnolipid production in host-pathogen interactions. Secreted rhamnolipids form micelles that exhibited highly acute toxicity towards murine macrophages, rupturing the plasma membrane and causing organellar membrane damage within minutes of exposure. While rhamnolipid micelles (RMs) were particularly toxic to macrophages, they also caused membrane damage in human lung epithelial cells, red blood cells, Gram-positive bacteria, and even non-cellular models like giant plasma membrane vesicles. Most importantly, rhamnolipid production strongly correlated to P. aeruginosa virulence against murine macrophages in various panels of clinical isolates. Altogether, our findings suggest that rhamnolipid micelles are highly cytotoxic virulence factors that drive acute cellular damage and immune evasion during P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Donghoon Kang
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Matthew D. Meyer
- Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Citrupa Gopal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey W. Schertzer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
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Bru JL, Kasallis SJ, Chang R, Zhuo Q, Nguyen J, Pham P, Warren E, Whiteson K, Høyland-Kroghsbo NM, Limoli DH, Siryaporn A. The great divide: rhamnolipids mediate separation between P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1245874. [PMID: 37780859 PMCID: PMC10540625 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1245874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions between bacterial species during infection can have significant impacts on pathogenesis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are opportunistic bacterial pathogens that can co-infect hosts and cause serious illness. The factors that dictate whether one species outcompetes the other or whether the two species coexist are not fully understood. We investigated the role of surfactants in the interactions between these two species on a surface that enables P. aeruginosa to swarm. We found that P. aeruginosa swarms are repelled by colonies of clinical S. aureus isolates, creating physical separation between the two strains. This effect was abolished in mutants of S. aureus that were defective in the production of phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs), which form amyloid fibrils around wild-type S. aureus colonies. We investigated the mechanism that establishes physical separation between the two species using Imaging of Reflected Illuminated Structures (IRIS), which is a non-invasive imaging method that tracks the flow of surfactants produced by P. aeruginosa. We found that PSMs produced by S. aureus deflected the surfactant flow, which in turn, altered the direction of P. aeruginosa swarms. These findings show that rhamnolipids mediate physical separation between P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, which could facilitate coexistence between these species. Additionally, we found that a number of molecules repelled P. aeruginosa swarms, consistent with a surfactant deflection mechanism. These include Bacillus subtilis surfactant, the fatty acids oleic acid and linoleic acid, and the synthetic lubricant polydimethylsiloxane. Lung surfactant repelled P. aeruginosa swarms and inhibited swarm expansion altogether at higher concentration. Our results suggest that surfactant interactions could have major impacts on bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-host relationships. In addition, our findings uncover a mechanism responsible for P. aeruginosa swarm development that does not rely solely on sensing but instead is based on the flow of surfactant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Louis Bru
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Summer J. Kasallis
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Rendell Chang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Quantum Zhuo
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Jacqueline Nguyen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Phillip Pham
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Elizabeth Warren
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Katrine Whiteson
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | | | - Dominique H. Limoli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Albert Siryaporn
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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Mottola M, Bertolino MC, Kourdova LT, Valdivia Pérez JA, Bogino MF, Nocelli NE, Chaveriat L, Martin P, Vico RV, Fabro G, Fanani ML. Nanoemulsions of synthetic rhamnolipids act as plant resistance inducers without damaging plant tissues or affecting soil microbiota. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1195718. [PMID: 37674738 PMCID: PMC10478713 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1195718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant pathogens and pests can cause significant losses in crop yields, affecting food security and the global economy. Many traditional chemical pesticides are used to combat these organisms. This can lead to the development of pesticide-resistant strains of pathogens/insects and negatively impact the environment. The development of new bioprotectants, which are less harmful to the environment and less likely to lead to pesticide-resistance, appears as a sustainable strategy to increase plant immunity. Natural Rhamnolipids (RL-Nat) are a class of biosurfactants with bioprotectant properties that are produced by an opportunistic human pathogen bacterium. RL-Nat can act as plant resistance inducers against a wide variety of pathogens. Recently, a series of bioinspired synthetic mono-RLs produced by green chemistry were also reported as phytoprotectants. Here, we explored their capacity to generate novel colloidal systems that might be used to encapsulate bioactive hydrophobic compounds to enhance their performance as plant bioprotectants. The synthetic mono-RLs showed good surfactant properties and emulsification power providing stable nanoemulsions capable of acting as bio-carriers with good wettability. Synthetic RLs-stabilized nanoemulsions were more effective than RLs suspensions at inducing plant immunity, without causing deleterious effects. These nanoemulsions were innocuous to native substrate microbiota and beneficial soil-borne microbes, making them promising safe bio-carriers for crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milagro Mottola
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia Tierra del Fuego (CIT-TDF) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego (UNTDF), Rio Grande, Argentina
| | - María C. Bertolino
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-Química de Córdoba (INFIQC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lucille Tihomirova Kourdova
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Jessica Aye Valdivia Pérez
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Bogino
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Natalia E. Nocelli
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ludovic Chaveriat
- Univ. Artois, UnilaSalle, Unité Transformations & Agroressources, Béthune, France
| | - Patrick Martin
- Univ. Artois, UnilaSalle, Unité Transformations & Agroressources, Béthune, France
| | - Raquel V. Vico
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-Química de Córdoba (INFIQC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Georgina Fabro
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Laura Fanani
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
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11
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Ndlovu T, Kgosietsile L, Motshwarakgole P, Ndlovu SI. Evaluation of Potential Factors Influencing the Dissemination of Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Alternative Treatment Strategies. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:381. [PMID: 37624319 PMCID: PMC10459473 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8080381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing reports of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae have emerged as a public health concern, raising questions about the potential routes for the evolution and dissemination of the pathogenic K. pneumoniae into environmental reservoirs. Potential drivers of the increased incidence of antimicrobial-resistant environmental K. pneumoniae include the eminent global climatic variations as a direct or indirect effect of human activities. The ability of microorganisms to adapt and grow at an exponential rate facilitates the distribution of environmental strains with acquired resistant mutations into water systems, vegetation, and soil which are major intersection points with animals and humans. The bacterial pathogen, K. pneumoniae, is one of the critical-priority pathogens listed by the World Health Organization, mostly associated with hospital-acquired infections. However, the increasing prevalence of pathogenic environmental strains with similar characteristics to clinical-antibiotic-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates is concerning. Considering the eminent impact of global climatic variations in the spread and dissemination of multidrug-resistant bacteria, in this review, we closely assess factors influencing the dissemination of this pathogen resulting in increased interaction with the environment, human beings, and animals. We also look at the recent developments in rapid detection techniques as part of the response measures to improve surveillance and preparedness for potential outbreaks. Furthermore, we discuss alternative treatment strategies that include secondary metabolites such as biosurfactants and plant extracts with high antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thando Ndlovu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Private Bag UB, Gaborone 0022, Botswana; (L.K.); (P.M.)
| | - Lebang Kgosietsile
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Private Bag UB, Gaborone 0022, Botswana; (L.K.); (P.M.)
| | - Pako Motshwarakgole
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Private Bag UB, Gaborone 0022, Botswana; (L.K.); (P.M.)
| | - Sizwe I. Ndlovu
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Doornfontein Campus, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa;
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12
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Arkhipov VP, Arkhipov RV, Petrova EV, Filippov A. Micellar and solubilizing properties of rhamnolipids. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2023; 61:345-355. [PMID: 36840535 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We studied the micellar and solubilizing properties of aqueous solutions of unfractionated rhamnolipids produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) diffusometry, dynamic light scattering, and conductometry to measure the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of rhamnolipid solutions and determined the effective hydrodynamic radii of rhamnolipid monomers and micelles. Based on selective measurements of the self-diffusion coefficients of molecules, performed by NMR diffusometry, the solubilizing properties of rhamnolipids were studied depending on their concentration in solution; aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and para-xylene were taken as solubilizates. On the basis of the measurement results, we estimated the distribution coefficient of the solubilizate between the micellar (solubilized) and free (in the aqueous phase) states and the solubilizing capacity of rhamnolipid micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor P Arkhipov
- Department of Physics, Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, 420015, Russian Federation
| | - Ruslan V Arkhipov
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina V Petrova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, 420015, Russian Federation
| | - Andrei Filippov
- Chemistry of Interfaces, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, SE-97187, Sweden
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13
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Sharma D, Singh D, Sukhbir-Singh GM, Karamchandani BM, Aseri GK, Banat IM, Satpute SK. Biosurfactants: Forthcomings and Regulatory Affairs in Food-Based Industries. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062823. [PMID: 36985795 PMCID: PMC10055102 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The terms discussed in this review-biosurfactants (BSs) and bioemulsifiers (BEs)-describe surface-active molecules of microbial origin which are popular chemical entities for many industries, including food. BSs are generally low-molecular-weight compounds with the ability to reduce surface tension noticeably, whereas BEs are high-molecular-weight molecules with efficient emulsifying abilities. Some other biomolecules, such as lecithin and egg yolk, are useful as natural BEs in food products. The high toxicity and severe ecological impact of many chemical-based surfactants have directed interest towards BSs/BEs. Interest in food surfactant formulations and consumer anticipation of "green label" additives over synthetic or chemical-based surfactants have been steadily increasing. BSs have an undeniable prospective for replacing chemical surfactants with vast significance to food formulations. However, the commercialization of BSs/BEs production has often been limited by several challenges, such as the optimization of fermentation parameters, high downstream costs, and low yields, which had an immense impact on their broader adoptions in different industries, including food. The foremost restriction regarding the access of BSs/BEs is not their lack of cost-effective industrial production methods, but a reluctance regarding their potential safety, as well as the probable microbial hazards that may be associated with them. Most research on BSs/BEs in food production has been restricted to demonstrations and lacks a comprehensive assessment of safety and risk analysis, which has limited their adoption for varied food-related applications. Furthermore, regulatory agencies require extensive exploration and analysis to secure endorsements for the inclusion of BSs/BEs as potential food additives. This review emphasizes the promising properties of BSs/BEs, trailed by an overview of their current use in food formulations, as well as risk and toxicity assessment. Finally, we assess their potential challenges and upcoming future in substituting chemical-based surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepansh Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, J. C Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA Faridabad-Haryana, Haryana 121006, India
| | - Deepti Singh
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India
| | | | | | - Gajender Kumar Aseri
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India
| | - Ibrahim M Banat
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Surekha K Satpute
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
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14
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Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties and Potential Applications of Pseudomonas gessardii M15 Rhamnolipids towards Multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020700. [PMID: 36840022 PMCID: PMC9958974 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive opportunistic human pathogen responsible for severe infections and thousands of deaths annually, mostly due to its multidrug-resistant (MDR) variants. The cell membrane has emerged as a promising new therapeutic target, and lipophilic molecules, such as biosurfactants, are currently being utilized. Herein, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of a rhamnolipids mixture produced by the Antarctic marine bacterium Pseudomonas gessardii M15. We demonstrated that our mixture has bactericidal activity in the range of 12.5-50 µg/mL against a panel of clinical MDR isolates of S. aureus, and that the mixture eradicated the bacterial population in 30 min at MIC value, and in 5 min after doubling the concentration. We also tested abilities of RLs to interfere with biofilm at different stages and determined that RLs can penetrate biofilm and kill the bacteria at sub-MICs values. The mixture was then used to functionalize a cotton swab to evaluate the prevention of S. aureus proliferation. We showed that by using 8 µg of rhamnolipids per swab, the entire bacterial load is eradicated, and just 0.5 µg is sufficient to reduce the growth by 99.99%. Our results strongly indicate the possibility of using this mixture as an additive for wound dressings for chronic wounds.
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15
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Liu CC, Lin MH. Hitchhiking motility of Staphylococcus aureus involves the interaction between its wall teichoic acids and lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1068251. [PMID: 36687638 PMCID: PMC9849799 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1068251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus, which lacks pili and flagella, is nonmotile. However, it hitchhikes motile bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, to migrate in the environment. This study demonstrated that the hitchhiking motility of S. aureus SA113 was reduced after the tagO, which encodes an enzyme for wall teichoic acids (WTA) synthesis, was deleted. The hitchhiking motility was restored after the mutation was complemented by transforming a plasmid expressing TagO into the mutant. We also showed that adding purified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to a culture that contains S. aureus SA113 and P. aeruginosa PAO1, reduced the movement of S. aureus, showing that WTA and LPS are involved in the hitchhiking motility of S. aureus. This study also found that P. aeruginosa promoted the movement of S. aureus in the digestive tract of Caenorhabditis elegans and in mice. In conclusion, this study reveals how S. aureus hitchhikes P. aeruginosa for translocation in an ecosystem. The results from this study improve our understanding on how a nonmotile pathogen moves in the environment and spreads in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Chin Liu
- 1Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hui Lin
- 1Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,2Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,3Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Mei-Hui Lin, ✉
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16
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Kaskatepe B, Ozturk S. Assessment of synergistic activity of rhamnolipid and linezolid against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in-vitro and in-vivo with Galleria mellonella larvae model. Microb Pathog 2023; 174:105945. [PMID: 36526037 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance, one of the most crucial public health problems, has increased the interest in synergy studies of antibiotics with existing antibiotics and natural compounds to make current treatment more effective in addition to new drug development. In this study, the effectiveness of rhamnolipid and linezolid on the Galleria mellonella larvae model in-vitro and in-vivo against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates, which are problematic in treatment, were investigated. Four S.aureus (One ATCC 29213 strain and three methicillin-resistant strains) were used in the study. Two MRSA isolates were resistant to linezolid, and one was susceptible. Partial synergy was observed in one resistant strain, and although no synergy was observed in the other resistant strain, the minimum inhibitory concentration of the resistant strain decreased from 16 to 4 μg/mL with a four-fold decrease and reached the susceptibility limit. No change was observed in the MIC of linezolid-susceptible strains. The G.mellonella larval model demonstrated that combined therapy was more effective than monotherapy by survival function tests and CFU determination. RML/LNZ combination improved survival compared to monotherapy and decreased the bacterial burden from 108 to 103.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Kaskatepe
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ankara, 06560, Turkey.
| | - Sukran Ozturk
- Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zonguldak, 67100, Turkey
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17
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Braz LM, Salazar-Bryam AM, Andrade GSS, Tambourgi EB. Optimization and characterization of rhamnolipids produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 using molasses as a substrate. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 39:51. [PMID: 36544076 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03494-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the growth potential of the P. aeruginosa ATCC9027 strain with molasses as the sole carbon source to produce rhamnolipids. The influence of the cultivation time and substrate concentration on biosurfactant production was investigated by using a complete 3-level factorial design, with the rhamnolipid concentration as the variable response. The strain was able to produce the biosurfactant in all design conditions tested, producing 758.04 mg/L rhamnolipids with 7% v/v substrate concentration in a cultivation time of 120 h. The substrate concentration used in the cultivation step directly influenced the biosurfactant production, and, even with the decrease in biomass growth, the biosurfactant production continued to increase. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) revealed the presence of 62.3% mono- (RL1) and 37.6% di-rhamnolipids (RL3). The stability tests showed that the biosurfactant has good performance in extreme conditions of temperature, pH and saline concentration. The emulsification index was also evaluated for several oils and hydrocarbons, obtaining emulsification rates of up to 84.9% for the burnt motor oil. In addition, rhamnolipid showed a good ability to remove spilled oil from the sand, removing 58.51% of burnt motor oil and 70.09% of post-frying soybean oil. The results indicate that molasses, an agro-industrial residue abundant in Brazil, can be used as the only carbon source for quality rhamnolipid production when under optimized conditions, therefore presenting itself as a management option for this residue and, at the same time, providing the production product with high added value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Martini Braz
- State University of Campinas, Av. Albert Einstein, 500, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, CEP: 13083-852, Brazil.
| | - Ana María Salazar-Bryam
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rio Claro, SP, CEP: 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Grazielle Santos Silva Andrade
- Federal University of Alfenas, Rodovia José Aurélio Vilela, 11999 (BR 267 Km 533) Cidade Universitária, Poços de Caldas, MG, CEP: 37715-400, Brazil
| | - Elias Basille Tambourgi
- State University of Campinas, Av. Albert Einstein, 500, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, CEP: 13083-852, Brazil
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18
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Adnan M, Siddiqui AJ, Noumi E, Hannachi S, Ashraf SA, Awadelkareem AM, Snoussi M, Badraoui R, Bardakci F, Sachidanandan M, Patel M, Patel M. Integrating Network Pharmacology Approaches to Decipher the Multi-Target Pharmacological Mechanism of Microbial Biosurfactants as Novel Green Antimicrobials against Listeriosis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 12:antibiotics12010005. [PMID: 36671206 PMCID: PMC9854906 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is a serious food-borne pathogen that can cause listeriosis, an illness caused by eating food contaminated with this pathogen. Currently, the treatment or prevention of listeriosis is a global challenge due to the resistance of bacteria against multiple commonly used antibiotics, thus necessitating the development of novel green antimicrobials. Scientists are increasingly interested in microbial surfactants, commonly known as "biosurfactants", due to their antimicrobial properties and eco-friendly nature, which make them an ideal candidate to combat a variety of bacterial infections. Therefore, the present study was designed to use a network pharmacology approach to uncover the active biosurfactants and their potential targets, as well as the signaling pathway(s) involved in listeriosis treatment. In the framework of this study, 15 biosurfactants were screened out for subsequent studies. Among 546 putative targets of biosurfactants and 244 targets of disease, 37 targets were identified as potential targets for treatment of L. monocytogenes infection, and these 37 targets were significantly enriched in a Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, which aims to identify those biological processes, cellular locations, and molecular functions that are impacted in the condition studied. The obtained results revealed several important biological processes, such as positive regulation of MAP kinase activity, protein kinase B signaling, ERK1 and ERK2 cascade, ERBB signaling pathway, positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity, and regulation of caveolin-mediated endocytosis. Several important KEGG pathways, such as the ERBBB signaling pathway, TH17 cell differentiation, HIF-1 signaling pathway, Yersinia infection, Shigellosis, and C-type lectin receptor signaling pathways, were identified. The protein-protein interaction analysis yielded 10 core targets (IL2, MAPK1, EGFR, PTPRC, TNF, ITGB1, IL1B, ERBB2, SRC, and mTOR). Molecular docking was used in the latter part of the study to verify the effectiveness of the active biosurfactants against the potential targets. Lastly, we found that a few highly active biosurfactants, namely lichenysin, iturin, surfactin, rhamnolipid, subtilisin, and polymyxin, had high binding affinities towards IL2, MAPK1, EGFR, PTPRC, TNF, ITGB1, IL1B, ERBB2, SRC, and mTOR, which may act as potential therapeutic targets for listeriosis. Overall, based on the integrated network pharmacology and docking analysis, we found that biosurfactants possess promising anti-listeriosis properties and explored the pharmacological mechanisms behind their effect, laying the groundwork for further research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Jamal Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emira Noumi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Hannachi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Amir Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medial Sciences, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir Mahgoub Awadelkareem
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medial Sciences, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riadh Badraoui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
- Section of Histology-Cytology, Medicine Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, La Rabta 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fevzi Bardakci
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manojkumar Sachidanandan
- Department of Oral Radiology, College of Dentistry, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mirav Patel
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
- Correspondence:
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Botcazon C, Bergia T, Lecouturier D, Dupuis C, Rochex A, Acket S, Nicot P, Leclère V, Sarazin C, Rippa S. Rhamnolipids and fengycins, very promising amphiphilic antifungal compounds from bacteria secretomes, act on Sclerotiniaceae fungi through different mechanisms. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:977633. [PMID: 36246282 PMCID: PMC9557291 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.977633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhamnolipids (RLs) and fengycins (FGs) are amphiphilic lipid compounds from bacteria secretomes proposed to replace synthetic pesticides for crop protection. They both display plant defense triggering properties and direct antimicrobial activities. In particular, they have well reported antifungal effects against phytopathogenic fungi. RLs and FGs are considered to act through a direct interaction with membrane lipids and a destabilization of microorganism plasma membrane, thereby limiting the risk of resistance emergence. The main objective of this work was to gain insights in the antimycelial mode of action of these metabolites to promote them as environment and human health friendly biocontrol solutions. Their biocidal effects were studied on two Sclerotiniaceae fungi responsible for diseases in numerous plant species worldwide. We show here that different strains of Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum have opposite sensitivities to RLs and FGs on plate experiments. Overall, B. cinerea is more sensitive to FGs while S. sclerotiorum is more sensitive to RLs. Electron microscopy observations demonstrated that RLs induce mycelial destructuring by asperities emergence and hyphal fusions whereas FGs promote swelling and formation of vesicle-like structures due to vacuole fusions and autophagy. Permeability studies, phosphatidylserine externalization and reactive oxygen species production assessments showed a programmed cell death triggering by RLs at medium concentrations (until 50 μg mL−1) and necrosis characteristics at higher concentration. Programmed cell death was always observed on hyphae treated with FGs. Quantifications of mycelial ergosterol content indicated that a higher ergosterol rate in S. sclerotiorum correlates with increasing sensitivity to RLs. Oppositely, a lower ergosterol rate in B. cinerea correlates with increasing sensitivity to FGs, which was confirmed by ergosterol biosynthesis inhibition with tebuconazole. This gain of knowledge will help to better understand the mode of action of RLs and FGs to fight specific plant fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Botcazon
- Unité de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7025, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Compiègne, France
| | - Thomas Bergia
- Unité de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7025, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Compiègne, France
| | - Didier Lecouturier
- Charles Viollette Institute, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158-INRAe, Métabolites Secondaires d’Origine Microbienne, Université de Lille, Université de Liège, Lille, France
| | - Chloé Dupuis
- Charles Viollette Institute, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158-INRAe, Métabolites Secondaires d’Origine Microbienne, Université de Lille, Université de Liège, Lille, France
| | - Alice Rochex
- Charles Viollette Institute, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158-INRAe, Métabolites Secondaires d’Origine Microbienne, Université de Lille, Université de Liège, Lille, France
| | - Sébastien Acket
- Unité de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7025, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Compiègne, France
| | - Philippe Nicot
- Centre de Recherche PACA, Domaine Saint Maurice, Unité de Pathologie Végétale, INRAe, Avignon, France
| | - Valérie Leclère
- Charles Viollette Institute, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158-INRAe, Métabolites Secondaires d’Origine Microbienne, Université de Lille, Université de Liège, Lille, France
| | - Catherine Sarazin
- Unité de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7025, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Sonia Rippa
- Unité de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7025, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Compiègne, France
- *Correspondence: Sonia Rippa,
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20
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Bernardy EE, Raghuram V, Goldberg JB. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from the Same Cystic Fibrosis Respiratory Sample Coexist in Coculture. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0097622. [PMID: 35867391 PMCID: PMC9431432 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00976-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory infections with bacterial pathogens remain the major cause of morbidity in individuals with the genetic disease cystic fibrosis (CF). Some studies have shown that CF patients that harbor both Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in their lungs are at even greater risk for more severe and complicated respiratory infections and earlier death. However, the drivers for this worse clinical condition are not well understood. To investigate the interactions between these two microbes that might be responsible for their increased pathogenic potential, we obtained 28 pairs of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa from the same respiratory samples from 18 individuals with CF. We compared the survival of each S. aureus CF isolate cocultured with its corresponding coinfecting CF P. aeruginosa to when it was cocultured with non-CF laboratory strains of P. aeruginosa. We found that the S. aureus survival was significantly higher in the presence of the coinfecting P. aeruginosa compared to laboratory P. aeruginosa strains, regardless of whether the coinfecting isolate was mucoid or nonmucoid. We also tested how a non-CF S. aureus strain, JE2, behaved with each P. aeruginosa CF isolate and found that its interaction was similar to how the CF S. aureus isolate interacted with its coinfecting P. aeruginosa. Altogether, our work suggests that interactions between S. aureus and P. aeruginosa that promote coexistence in the CF lung are isolate-dependent and that this interaction appears to be driven mainly by P. aeruginosa. IMPORTANCE Previous studies have shown that in laboratory settings, Pseudomonas aeruginosa generally kills Staphylococcus aureus. However, these bacteria are often found coinfecting the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, which has been associated with worse patient outcomes. To investigate the interactions between these two bacteria, we competed 28 coinfection pairs obtained from the same lung samples of 18 different CF patients. We compared these results to those we previously reported of each CF S. aureus isolate against a non-CF laboratory strain of P. aeruginosa. We found that S. aureus survival against its corresponding coinfection P. aeruginosa was higher than its survival against the laboratory strain of P. aeruginosa. These results suggest that there may be selection for coexistence of these microbes in the CF lung environment. Further understanding of the interactions between P. aeruginosa and S. aureus will provide insights into the drivers of coexistence and their impact on the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eryn E. Bernardy
- Department of Biology, Elon University, Elon, North Carolina, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Vishnu Raghuram
- Division of Pulmonary, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Joanna B. Goldberg
- Division of Pulmonary, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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21
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Zhang B, Qin S, Wu Y, Zhang R, Xu Y, Yang C. Rhamnolipids Regulate Lipid Metabolism, Immune Response, and Gut Microbiota in Rats. Front Nutr 2022; 9:886256. [PMID: 35571898 PMCID: PMC9096903 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.886256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Gut microbes influence lipid metabolism and immune responses that are key features of metabolic disorders. This study examined effects of bacterial rhamnolipids (RLS) on lipid metabolism, immune response, and gut microbiota in rats. Methods Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups and gavage-fed for seven weeks with normal saline (NCO group), 50 mg/kg bw RLS (RLS1 group), and 100 mg/kg bw RLS (RLS2 group). Results Compared with those of the NCO group, the RLS1 and RLS2 groups showed significantly decreased fat weight, relative fat weight, and adipocyte size (P < 0.05). Furthermore, RLS1 and RLS2 significantly decreased concentrations of triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and non-esterified fatty acids and increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels (P < 0.05). However, the total cholesterol content among the three groups (P > 0.05) were not significantly different. Serum concentrations of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α were significantly lower in the RLS2 group than those in the NCO group (P < 0.05). The relative mRNA expression of fatty acid synthase was significantly decreased, while those of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-2, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α were significantly increased in the RLS2 group compared with those in the NCO group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the relative abundances of Lactobacillus, Roseburia, Ruminococcus-1, and Parabacteroides were significantly higher in the RLS2 group than those in the NCO group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Our findings suggest that RLS reduces fat deposition, inhibits inflammation, regulates intestinal flora, and promotes the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Songke Qin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruiqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinglei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caimei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Abo-zeid Y, Bakkar MR, Elkhouly GE, Raya NR, Zaafar D. Rhamnolipid Nano-Micelles versus Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizer: A Comparative Study for Antibacterial Activity against Hospital-Acquired Infections and Toxicity Concerns. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11050605. [PMID: 35625249 PMCID: PMC9137935 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11050605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are considered to be a major global healthcare challenge, in large part because of the development of microbial resistance to currently approved antimicrobial drugs. HAIs are frequently preventable through infection prevention and control measures, with hand hygiene as a key activity. Improving hand hygiene was reported to reduce the transmission of healthcare-associated pathogens and HAIs. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are commonly used due to their rapid action and broad spectrum of microbicidal activity, offering protection against bacteria and viruses. However, their frequent administration has been reported to be associated with many side effects, such as skin sensitivity, skin drying, and cracks, which promote further skin infections. Thus, there is an essential need to find alternative approaches to hand sanitation. Rhamnolipids are glycolipids produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and were shown to have broad antimicrobial activity as biosurfactants. We have previously demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of rhamnolipid nano-micelles against selected drug-resistant Gram-negative (Salmonella Montevideo and Salmonella Typhimurium) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae). To the best of our knowledge, the antimicrobial activity of rhamnolipid nano-micelles in comparison to alcohol-based hand sanitizers against microorganisms commonly causing HAIs in Egypt—such as Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus—has not yet been studied. In the present work, a comparative study of the antibacterial activity of rhamnolipid nano-micelles versus alcohol-based hand sanitizers was performed, and their safety profiles were also assessed. It was demonstrated that rhamnolipid nano-micelles had a comparable antibacterial activity to alcohol-based hand sanitizer, with a better safety profile, i.e., rhamnolipid nano-micelles are unlikely to cause any harmful effects on the skin. Thus, rhamnolipid nano-micelles could be recommended to replace alcohol-based hand sanitizers; however, they must still be tested by healthcare workers in healthcare settings to ascertain their antimicrobial activity and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Abo-zeid
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (G.E.E.); (N.R.R.)
- Helwan Nanotechnology Center, Helwan University, Cairo 11792, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-10-92792846
| | - Marwa Reda Bakkar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt;
| | - Gehad E. Elkhouly
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (G.E.E.); (N.R.R.)
- Helwan Nanotechnology Center, Helwan University, Cairo 11792, Egypt
| | - Nermeen R. Raya
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (G.E.E.); (N.R.R.)
- Helwan Nanotechnology Center, Helwan University, Cairo 11792, Egypt
| | - Dalia Zaafar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo 12055, Egypt;
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23
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Dewidar AA, Sorial GA. Effect of rhamnolipids on the fungal elimination of toluene vapor in a biotrickling filter under stressed operational conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:111973. [PMID: 34464615 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The application of rhamnolipids in a fungal-cultured biotrickling filter (BTF) has a significant impact on toluene removal. Two BTFs were used; BTF-A, a control bed, and BTF-B fed with rhamnolipids. The effect of empty bed residence times (EBRTs) on toluene bioavailability was investigated. Removal of toluene was carried out at EBRTs of 30 and 60 s and inlet loading rates (LRs) of 23-184 g m-3 h-1. At 30 s EBRT, when inlet LR was increased from 23 to 184 g m-3 h-1, the removal efficiency (RE) decreased from 93% to 50% for the control bed, and from 94% to 87% for BTF-B. Increasing the EBRT simultaneously with inlet LRs, confirms that BTF-A was diffusion-limited by registering a RE of 62% for toluene inlet LR of 184 g m-3 h-1, whereas BTF-B, achieved RE > 96%, confirming a significant improvement in toluene biodegradability. Overall, the best performance was observed at 60 s EBRT and inlet LR of 184 g m-3 h-1, providing a maximum elimination capacity (EC) of 176.8 g m-3 h-1 under steady-state conditions. While a maximum EC of 114 g m-3 h-1 was observed under the same conditions in the absence of rhamnolipids (BTF-A). Measurements of critical micelle concentration showed that 150 mg L-1 of rhamnolipids demonstrated the lowest aqueous surface tension and maximum formation of micelles, while 175 mg L-1 was the optimum dose for fungal growth. Production rate of carbon dioxide, and dissolved oxygen contents highlighted the positive influence of rhamnolipids on adhesive forces, improved toluene mineralization, and promotion of microbial motility over mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assem A Dewidar
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - George A Sorial
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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24
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Fanani ML, Nocelli NE, Zulueta Díaz YDLM. What can we learn about amphiphile-membrane interaction from model lipid membranes? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:183781. [PMID: 34555419 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Surface-active amphiphiles find applications in a wide range of areas of industry such as agrochemicals, personal care, and pharmaceuticals. In many of these applications, interaction with cell membranes is a key factor for achieving their purpose. How do amphiphiles interact with lipid membranes? What are their bases for membrane specificity? Which biophysical properties of membranes are susceptible to modulation by amphiphilic membrane-effectors? What aspects of this interaction are important for performing their function? In our work on membrane biophysics over the years, questions like these have arisen and we now share some of our findings and discuss them in this review. This topic was approached focusing on the membrane properties and their alterations rather than on the amphiphile structure requirements for their interaction. Here, we do not aim to provide a comprehensive list of the modes of action of amphiphiles of biological interest but to help in understanding them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Fanani
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Natalia E Nocelli
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Yenisleidy de Las Mercedes Zulueta Díaz
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
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25
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Sałek K, Euston SR, Janek T. Phase Behaviour, Functionality, and Physicochemical Characteristics of Glycolipid Surfactants of Microbial Origin. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:816613. [PMID: 35155390 PMCID: PMC8830654 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.816613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing demand for biosurfactants as environmentally friendly counterparts of chemically derived surfactants enhances the extensive search for surface-active compounds of biological (microbial) origin. The understanding of the physicochemical properties of biosurfactants such as surface tension reduction, dispersion, emulsifying, foaming or micelle formation is essential for the successful application of biosurfactants in many branches of industry. Glycolipids, which belong to the class of low molecular weight surfactants are currently gaining a lot of interest for industrial applications. For this reason, we focus mainly on this class of biosurfactants with particular emphasis on rhamnolipids and sophorolipids, the most studied of the glycolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Sałek
- Institute for Life and Earth Sciences, School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Karina Sałek,
| | - Stephen R. Euston
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Tomasz Janek
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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26
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Gdaniec BG, Bonini F, Prodon F, Braschler T, Köhler T, van Delden C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa rhamnolipid micelles deliver toxic metabolites and antibiotics into Staphylococcus aureus. iScience 2022; 25:103669. [PMID: 35028539 PMCID: PMC8741607 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient delivery of toxic compounds to bacterial competitors is essential during interspecies microbial warfare. Rhamnolipids (RLPs) are glycolipids produced by Pseudomonas and Burkholderia species involved in solubilization and uptake of environmental aliphatic hydrocarbons and perform as biosurfactants for swarming motility. Here, we show that RLPs produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa associate to form micelles. Using high-resolution microscopy, we found that RLP micelles serve as carriers for self-produced toxic compounds, which they deliver to Staphylococcus aureus cells, thereby enhancing and accelerating S. aureus killing. RLPs also potentiated the activity of lincosamide antibiotics, suggesting that RLP micelles may transport not only self-produced but also heterologous compounds to target competing bacterial species Pseudomonas aeruginosa rhamnolipids form micelles Rhamnolipid micelles delivery pyochelin into S. aureus cells Rhamnolipid micelles potentiate activity of lincosamide antibiotics against S. aureus
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Gerard Gdaniec
- Transplant Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospitals Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, 1, Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1, Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabien Bonini
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1, Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François Prodon
- Bioimaging Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Braschler
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1, Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thilo Köhler
- Transplant Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospitals Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, 1, Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christian van Delden
- Transplant Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospitals Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, 1, Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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27
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Gharaei S, Ohadi M, Hassanshahian M, Porsheikhali S, Forootanfar H. Isolation, Optimization, and Structural Characterization of Glycolipid Biosurfactant Produced by Marine Isolate Shewanella algae B12 and Evaluation of Its Antimicrobial and Anti-biofilm Activity. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:1755-1774. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03782-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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28
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Antimicrobial Weapons of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1386:223-256. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08491-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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29
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Mishra N, Rana K, Seelam SD, Kumar R, Pandey V, Salimath BP, Agsar D. Characterization and Cytotoxicity of Pseudomonas Mediated Rhamnolipids Against Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cell Line. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:761266. [PMID: 34950641 PMCID: PMC8691732 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.761266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A biosurfactant producing bacterium was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa DNM50 based on molecular characterization (NCBI accession no. MK351591). Structural characterization using MALDI-TOF revealed the presence of 12 different congeners of rhamnolipid such as Rha-C8-C8:1, Rha-C10-C8:1, Rha-C10-C10, Rha-C10-C12:1, Rha-C16:1, Rha-C16, Rha-C17:1, Rha-Rha-C10:1-C10:1, Rha-Rha-C10-C12, Rha-Rha-C10-C8, Rha-Rha-C10-C8:1, and Rha-Rha-C8-C8. The radical scavenging activity of rhamnolipid (DNM50RL) was determined by 2, 3-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay which showed an IC50 value of 101.8 μg/ ml. The cytotoxic activity was investigated against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line by MTT (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay which showed a very low IC50 of 0.05 μg/ ml at 72 h of treatment. Further, its activity was confirmed by resazurin and trypan blue assay with IC50 values of 0.01 μg/ml and 0.64 μg/ ml at 72 h of treatment, respectively. Thus, the DNM50RL would play a vital role in the treatment of breast cancer targeting inhibition of p38MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Mishra
- Department of Microbiology, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga, India
| | - Kavita Rana
- Department of Toxicology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | | | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kadaganchi, India
| | - Vijyendra Pandey
- Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kadaganchi, India
| | - Bharathi P Salimath
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India.,Sanorva Biotech Pvt. Ltd., Mysuru, India
| | - Dayanand Agsar
- Department of Microbiology, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga, India
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30
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Wu T, Gagnon A, McGourty K, DosSantos R, Chanetsa L, Zhang B, Bello D, Kelleher SL. Zinc Exposure Promotes Commensal-to-Pathogen Transition in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Leading to Mucosal Inflammation and Illness in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13321. [PMID: 34948118 PMCID: PMC8705841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is associated gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation and illness; however, factors motivating commensal-to-pathogen transition are unclear. Excessive zinc intake from supplements is common in humans. Due to the fact that zinc exposure enhances P. aeruginosa colonization in vitro, we hypothesized zinc exposure broadly activates virulence mechanisms, leading to inflammation and illness. P. aeruginosa was treated with excess zinc and growth, expression and secretion of key virulence factors, and biofilm production were determined. Effects on invasion, barrier function, and cytotoxicity were evaluated in Caco-2 cells co-cultured with P. aeruginosa pre-treated with zinc. Effects on colonization, mucosal pathology, inflammation, and illness were evaluated in mice infected with P. aeruginosa pre-treated with zinc. We found the expression and secretion of key virulence factors involved in quorum sensing (QS), motility (type IV pili, flagella), biosurfactants (rhamnolipids), toxins (exotoxin A), zinc homeostasis (CzcR), and biofilm production, were all significantly increased. Zinc exposure significantly increased P. aeruginosa invasion, permeability and cytotoxicity in Caco-2 cells, and enhanced colonization, inflammation, mucosal damage, and illness in mice. Excess zinc exposure has broad effects on key virulence mechanisms promoting commensal-to-pathogen transition of P. aeruginosa and illness in mice, suggesting excess zinc intake may have adverse effects on GI health in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shannon L. Kelleher
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 883 Broadway Street, Dugan Hall 110R, Lowell, MA 01852, USA; (T.W.); (A.G.); (K.M.); (R.D.); (L.C.); (B.Z.); (D.B.)
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31
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Sass G, Nazik H, Chatterjee P, Shrestha P, Groleau MC, Déziel E, Stevens DA. Altered Pseudomonas Strategies to Inhibit Surface Aspergillus Colonies. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:734296. [PMID: 34746024 PMCID: PMC8570168 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.734296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus fumigatus infections frequently co-localize in lungs of immunocompromised patients and individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). The antifungal activity of P. aeruginosa has been described for its filtrates. Pyoverdine and pyocyanin are the principal antifungal P. aeruginosa molecules active against A. fumigatus biofilm metabolism present in iron-limited or iron-replete planktonic P. aeruginosa culture filtrates, respectively. Using various P. aeruginosa laboratory wild-type strains (PA14, PAO1, PAK), we found antifungal activity against Aspergillus colonies on agar. Comparing 36 PA14 and 7 PAO1 mutants, we found that mutants lacking both major siderophores, pyoverdine and pyochelin, display higher antifungal activity on agar than their wild types, while quorum sensing mutants lost antifungal activity. Addition of ferric iron, but not calcium or magnesium, reduced the antifungal effects of P. aeruginosa on agar, whereas iron-poor agar enhanced antifungal effects. Antifungal activity on agar was mediated by PQS and HHQ, via MvfR. Among the MvfR downstream factors, rhamnolipids and elastase were produced in larger quantities by pyoverdine–pyochelin double mutants and showed antifungal activity on agar. In summary, antifungal factors produced by P. aeruginosa on agar differ from those produced by bacteria grown in liquid cultures, are dependent on quorum sensing, and are downregulated by the availability of ferric iron. Rhamnolipids and elastase seem to be major mediators of Pseudomonas’ antifungal activity on a solid surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Sass
- Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, San Jose, CA, United States
| | - Hasan Nazik
- Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, San Jose, CA, United States
| | | | - Pallabi Shrestha
- Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, San Jose, CA, United States
| | - Marie-Christine Groleau
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institute National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Déziel
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institute National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, QC, Canada
| | - David A Stevens
- Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, San Jose, CA, United States.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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32
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Using plasma-mediated covalent functionalization of rhamnolipids on polydimethylsiloxane towards the antimicrobial improvement of catheter surfaces. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 134:112563. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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33
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Isolation and Characterization of Biosurfactant-Producing Bacteria from Amapaense Amazon Soils. Int J Microbiol 2021; 2021:9959550. [PMID: 34447438 PMCID: PMC8384547 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9959550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research was to perform screening of biosurfactant-producing bacteria from Amapaense Amazon soils. Floodplain- and upland-forest soils of three municipalities of the Amapá state were isolated and identified. The isolates were cultured in nutrient broth with olive oil, and their extracts were evaluated according to drop collapse, oil dispersion, emulsification, and surface tension tests. From three hundred and eighteen isolates, the 43 bacteria were selected and identified by 16S rDNA gene sequencing, indicating the presence of three different genera, Serratia, Paenibacillus, and Citrobacter. The extracellular biosurfactant production pointed out the 15 most efficient bacteria that presented high emulsification capacity (E24 > 48%) and stability (less than 10% of drop after 72 h) and great potential to reduce the surface tension (varying from 49.40 to 34.50 mN·m−1). Cluster analysis classified genetically related isolates in different groups, which can be connected to differences in the amount or the sort of biosurfactants. Isolates from Serratia genus presented better emulsification capacity and produced a more significant surface tension drop, indicating a promising potential for biotechnological applications.
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34
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Segovia V, Reyes A, Rivera G, Vázquez P, Velazquez G, Paz-González A, Hernández-Gama R. Production of rhamnolipids by the Thermoanaerobacter sp. CM-CNRG TB177 strain isolated from an oil well in Mexico. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:5833-5844. [PMID: 34396489 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11468-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to produce and characterize biosurfactants using the Thermoanaerobacter sp. CM-CNRG TB177 strain isolated from an oil field in Mexico, as well as assessing the influence of different carbon and nitrogen sources on the capacity of the produced surfactant to reduce the surface tension of water. The thin-layer chromatography (TLC) revealed that the obtained extract corresponds to a mono-rhamnolipid; the results of the ultra-performance-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS) analysis revealed that the Thermoanaerobacter sp. CM-CNRG TB177 strain produces a mixture of three rhamnolipids, whose masses correspond to mono-rhamnolipid. The rhamnolipids mixture obtained using 2.5% molasses as carbon source diminished the surface tension of water to 29.67 mNm-1, indicating that the concentration of molasses influenced the capacity of the produced surfactant to reduce the surface tension of water. Also, the microorganism was not capable of growing in the absence of yeast extract as nitrogen source. To the best of our knowledge, the presented results describe for the first time the nature of the biosurfactant produced by a bacterium of the Thermoanaerobacter genus.Key points• Thermoanaerobacter sp. CM-CNRG TB177 produces biosurfactants, and its glycolipid nature is described for the first time.• The HPLC analysis revealed a mixture of three rhamnolipid congeners, and UPLC/MS analysis determined that two of the congeners are the rhamnolipids Rha-C8-C10 and Rha-C12-C10.• The lowest surface tension of 29.67 mNm-1 was obtained with molasses as source of carbon at a 2.5% concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Segovia
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada Campus Querétaro, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 76090, Querétaro, Mexico
| | | | - Gildardo Rivera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Farmacéutica, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 88710, Reynosa, Mexico
| | - Pedro Vázquez
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada Campus Querétaro, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 76090, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Velazquez
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada Campus Querétaro, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 76090, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Alma Paz-González
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Farmacéutica, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 88710, Reynosa, Mexico
| | - Regina Hernández-Gama
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada Campus Querétaro, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 76090, Querétaro, Mexico.
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Effects of Rhamnolipids on Growth Performance, Immune Function, and Cecal Microflora in Linnan Yellow Broilers Challenged with Lipopolysaccharides. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10080905. [PMID: 34438955 PMCID: PMC8388811 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10080905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This present study aimed to investigate the effects of rhamnolipids (RLS) on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, immune function, short-chain fatty acid content, and microflora community in broiler chickens challenged with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). A total of 450 broiler chickens were randomly allocated into three groups: basal diet with no supplement (NCO), basal diet with bacitracin (ANT), and basal diet with rhamnolipids (RLS). After 56 d of feeding, 20 healthy broilers were selected from each group, with half being intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and the other half with normal saline. Treatments with LPS were labelled LPS-NCO, LPS-ANT, and LPS-RLS, whereas treatments with normal saline were labelled NS-NCO, NS-ANT, and NS-RLS. LPS-challenged birds had lower jejunal villus height and higher crypt depth than unchallenged birds. LPS-RLS broilers had increased jejunal villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio (V/C) but lower crypt depth than LPS-NCO. Dietary supplementation with RLS reduced the LPS-induced immunological stress. Compared with LPS-NCO, birds in LPS-RLS had lower concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. In LPS-challenged broilers, RLS and ANT increased the concentrations of IgA, IgM, and IgY compared with LPS-NCO. In LPS treatments, RLS enhanced the contents of acetic acid, butyrate, isobutyric acid, isovalerate, and valerate more than LPS-NCO birds. High-throughput sequencing indicated that RLS supplementation led to changes in the cecal microbial community of broilers. At the species level, Clostridium-sp-Marseille-p3244 was more abundant in NS-RLS than in NS-NCO broilers. In summary, RLS improved the growth performance and relative abundance of cecal microbiota and reduced the LPS-induced immunological stress in broiler chickens.
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Bakkar MR, Faraag AHI, Soliman ERS, Fouda MS, Sarguos AMM, McLean GR, Hebishy AMS, Elkhouly GE, Raya NR, Abo-zeid Y. Rhamnolipids Nano-Micelles as a Potential Hand Sanitizer. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:751. [PMID: 34206211 PMCID: PMC8300634 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10070751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a pandemic disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2, which continues to cause global health and economic problems since emerging in China in late 2019. Until now, there are no standard antiviral treatments. Thus, several strategies were adopted to minimize virus transmission, such as social distancing, face covering protection and hand hygiene. Rhamnolipids are glycolipids produced formally by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and as biosurfactants, they were shown to have broad antimicrobial activity. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of rhamnolipids against selected multidrug resistant bacteria and SARS-CoV-2. Rhamnolipids were produced by growing Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain LeS3 in a new medium formulated from chicken carcass soup. The isolated rhamnolipids were characterized for their molecular composition, formulated into nano-micelles, and the antibacterial activity of the nano-micelles was demonstrated in vitro against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive drug resistant bacteria. In silico studies docking rhamnolipids to structural and non-structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 was also performed. We demonstrated the efficient and specific interaction of rhamnolipids with the active sites of these proteins. Additionally, the computational studies suggested that rhamnolipids have membrane permeability activity. Thus, the obtained results indicate that SARS-CoV-2 could be another target of rhamnolipids and could find utility in the fight against COVID-19, a future perspective to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Reda Bakkar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (M.R.B.); (A.H.I.F.)
| | - Ahmed Hassan Ibrahim Faraag
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (M.R.B.); (A.H.I.F.)
- Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Elham R. S. Soliman
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Unit, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt;
| | - Manar S. Fouda
- Biochemistry and Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt;
| | | | - Gary R. McLean
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Centre, London Metropolitan University, 166-220 Holloway Road, London N7 8DB, UK;
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Ali M. S. Hebishy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt;
| | - Gehad E. Elkhouly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (G.E.E.); (N.R.R.)
- Helwan Nanotechnology Center, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Nermeen R. Raya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (G.E.E.); (N.R.R.)
- Helwan Nanotechnology Center, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Yasmin Abo-zeid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (G.E.E.); (N.R.R.)
- Helwan Nanotechnology Center, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt
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Thomas GE, Brant JL, Campo P, Clark DR, Coulon F, Gregson BH, McGenity TJ, McKew BA. Effects of Dispersants and Biosurfactants on Crude-Oil Biodegradation and Bacterial Community Succession. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061200. [PMID: 34206054 PMCID: PMC8229435 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of three commercial dispersants (Finasol OSR 52, Slickgone NS, Superdispersant 25) and three biosurfactants (rhamnolipid, trehalolipid, sophorolipid) in crude-oil seawater microcosms. We analysed the crucial early bacterial response (1 and 3 days). In contrast, most analyses miss this key period and instead focus on later time points after oil and dispersant addition. By focusing on the early stage, we show that dispersants and biosurfactants, which reduce the interfacial surface tension of oil and water, significantly increase the abundance of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, and the rate of hydrocarbon biodegradation, within 24 h. A succession of obligate hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (OHCB), driven by metabolite niche partitioning, is demonstrated. Importantly, this succession has revealed how the OHCB Oleispira, hitherto considered to be a psychrophile, can dominate in the early stages of oil-spill response (1 and 3 days), outcompeting all other OHCB, at the relatively high temperature of 16 °C. Additionally, we demonstrate how some dispersants or biosurfactants can select for specific bacterial genera, especially the biosurfactant rhamnolipid, which appears to provide an advantageous compatibility with Pseudomonas, a genus in which some species synthesize rhamnolipid in the presence of hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth E. Thomas
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK; (D.R.C.); (B.H.G.); (T.J.M.); (B.A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-1206-873333 (ext. 2918)
| | - Jan L. Brant
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK;
| | - Pablo Campo
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK; (P.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Dave R. Clark
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK; (D.R.C.); (B.H.G.); (T.J.M.); (B.A.M.)
- Institute for Analytics and Data Science, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Frederic Coulon
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK; (P.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Benjamin H. Gregson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK; (D.R.C.); (B.H.G.); (T.J.M.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Terry J. McGenity
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK; (D.R.C.); (B.H.G.); (T.J.M.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Boyd A. McKew
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK; (D.R.C.); (B.H.G.); (T.J.M.); (B.A.M.)
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Tambone E, Bonomi E, Ghensi P, Maniglio D, Ceresa C, Agostinacchio F, Caciagli P, Nollo G, Piccoli F, Caola I, Fracchia L, Tessarolo F. Rhamnolipid coating reduces microbial biofilm formation on titanium implants: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:49. [PMID: 33541349 PMCID: PMC7863462 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01412-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis are biofilm-related diseases causing major concern in oral implantology, requiring complex anti-infective procedures or implant removal. Microbial biosurfactants emerged as new anti-biofilm agents for coating implantable devices preserving biocompatibility. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of rhamnolipid biosurfactant R89 (R89BS) to reduce Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation on titanium. METHODS R89BS was physically adsorbed on titanium discs (TDs). Cytotoxicity of coated TDs was evaluated on normal lung fibroblasts (MRC5) using a lactate dehydrogenase assay. The ability of coated TDs to inhibit biofilm formation was evaluated by quantifying biofilm biomass and cell metabolic activity, at different time-points, with respect to uncoated controls. A qualitative analysis of sessile bacteria was also performed by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS R89BS-coated discs showed no cytotoxic effects. TDs coated with 4 mg/mL R89BS inhibited the biofilm biomass of S. aureus by 99%, 47% and 7% and of S. epidermidis by 54%, 29%, and 10% at 24, 48 and 72 h respectively. A significant reduction of the biofilm metabolic activity was also documented. The same coating applied on three commercial implant surfaces resulted in a biomass inhibition higher than 90% for S. aureus, and up to 78% for S. epidermidis at 24 h. CONCLUSIONS R89BS-coating was effective in reducing Staphylococcus biofilm formation at the titanium implant surface. The anti-biofilm action can be obtained on several different commercially available implant surfaces, independently of their surface morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Tambone
- Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech, University of Trento, via Sommarive, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Emiliana Bonomi
- Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech, University of Trento, via Sommarive, 38123, Trento, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Provinciale Per I Servizi Sanitari, 38122, Trento, Italy
| | - Paolo Ghensi
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Devid Maniglio
- Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech, University of Trento, via Sommarive, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Chiara Ceresa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Francesca Agostinacchio
- Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech, University of Trento, via Sommarive, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Patrizio Caciagli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Provinciale Per I Servizi Sanitari, 38122, Trento, Italy
| | - Giandomenico Nollo
- Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech, University of Trento, via Sommarive, 38123, Trento, Italy
- Healthcare Research and Innovation Program (IRCS-FBK-PAT), Bruno Kessler Foundation, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Federico Piccoli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Provinciale Per I Servizi Sanitari, 38122, Trento, Italy
| | - Iole Caola
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Provinciale Per I Servizi Sanitari, 38122, Trento, Italy
| | - Letizia Fracchia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Francesco Tessarolo
- Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech, University of Trento, via Sommarive, 38123, Trento, Italy.
- Healthcare Research and Innovation Program (IRCS-FBK-PAT), Bruno Kessler Foundation, 38123, Trento, Italy.
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Zhang B, Chen G, Zhang H, Lan J, Yang C. Effects of rhamnolipids on growth performance and intestinal health parameters in Linnan yellow broilers. Poult Sci 2021; 100:810-819. [PMID: 33518135 PMCID: PMC7858087 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study determined the effects of dietary supplementation of rhamnolipids (RLS) on the growth performance, gut morphology, immune function, intestinal volatile fatty acid, and microflora community in Linnan yellow broilers. A total of 480 1-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to groups for supplementation with one of the following for 56 d: no supplement (control), 30 mg/kg bacitracin (ANT), 500 mg/kg RLS, or 1,000 mg/kg RLS (RLS2). The RLS2 diet was found to improve the final BW and ADG on day 56. The RLS diet reduced jejunal crypt depth, increased jejunal villus length, and increased serum IgA, IgM, IgY, IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels. The RLS broilers had higher cecum concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyrate, isobutyric acid, valerate, and isovalerate. High-throughput sequencing indicated that RLS affected microbial quantity and diversity in the cecum. Bacterial richness was higher in the RLS broilers than the ANT broilers. The RLS broilers had higher relative abundances of Megasphaera hypermegale and Lachnospiraceae bacterium 19gly4 on day 28 and Clostridium spiroforme and Alistipes obesi on day 56. These results suggest that RLS supplementation improves growth performance, benefits the intestinal villus morphology, regulates host immune function, and raises intestinal volatile fatty acid content and the relative abundance of the gut microbiota in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Guangyong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Junhong Lan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Caimei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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Johnson P, Trybala A, Starov V, Pinfield VJ. Effect of synthetic surfactants on the environment and the potential for substitution by biosurfactants. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 288:102340. [PMID: 33383470 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The environmental impacts of the use of synthetic surfactants are discussed in this work such as their high levels of toxicity and low biodegradability. These materials destroy aquatic microbial populations, damage fish and other aquatic life, and reduce photochemical energy conversion efficiency of plants as well as adversely affecting waste-water treatment processes. With global usage of surfactants being over 15 million tonnes annually, and an estimated 60% of surfactant ending up in the aquatic environment, there is an urgent need for alternatives with lower adverse environmental effects; this review explores biosurfactants as potential alternatives. The sources and natural function of biosurfactants are presented, together with their advantages compared with their synthetic counterparts, including their low toxicity and biodegradability. Their comparable effectiveness as surfactants has been demonstrated by surface tension reduction, achieved at much lower critical micelle concentrations that those of synthetic surfactants. The limitations and challenges for the use of biosurfactants are discussed, particularly low production yields; such limitations must be addressed before wide range industrial use of biosurfactants can be achieved. Although there has been focus on achieving greater production yields, a remaining issue is the lack of research into the use of biosurfactants in a greater range of industrial and consumer applications to demonstrate their efficacy and identify candidate biosurfactants for production. This review highlights such research as deserving of further investigation, alongside the ongoing work to optimize the production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Johnson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Anna Trybala
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
| | - Victor Starov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Valerie J Pinfield
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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Rhamnolipid the Glycolipid Biosurfactant: Emerging trends and promising strategies in the field of biotechnology and biomedicine. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:1. [PMID: 33397389 PMCID: PMC7784359 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01497-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhamnolipids (RLs) are surface-active compounds and belong to the class of glycolipid biosurfactants, mainly produced from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Due to their non-toxicity, high biodegradability, low surface tension and minimum inhibitory concentration values, they have gained attention in various sectors like food, healthcare, pharmaceutical and petrochemicals. The ecofriendly biological properties of rhamnolipids make them potent materials to be used in therapeutic applications. RLs are also known to induce apoptosis and thus, able to inhibit proliferation of cancer cells. RLs can also act as immunomodulators to regulate the humoral and cellular immune systems. Regarding their antimicrobial property, they lower the surface hydrophobicity, destruct the cytoplasmic membrane and lower the critical micelle concentration to kill the bacterial cells either alone or in combination with nisin possibly due to their role in modulating outer membrane protein. RLs are also involved in the synthesis of nanoparticles for in vivo drug delivery. In relation to economic benefits, the post-harvest decay of food can be decreased by RLs because they prevent the mycelium growth, spore germination of fungi and inhibit the emergence of biofilm formation on food. The present review focuses on the potential uses of RLs in cosmetic, pharmaceutical, food and health-care industries as the potent therapeutic agents.
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Twigg MS, Baccile N, Banat IM, Déziel E, Marchant R, Roelants S, Van Bogaert INA. Microbial biosurfactant research: time to improve the rigour in the reporting of synthesis, functional characterization and process development. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:147-170. [PMID: 33249753 PMCID: PMC7888453 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The demand for microbially produced surface-active compounds for use in industrial processes and products is increasing. As such, there has been a comparable increase in the number of publications relating to the characterization of novel surface-active compounds: novel producers of already characterized surface-active compounds and production processes for the generation of these compounds. Leading researchers in the field have identified that many of these studies utilize techniques are not precise and accurate enough, so some published conclusions might not be justified. Such studies lacking robust experimental evidence generated by validated techniques and standard operating procedures are detrimental to the field of microbially produced surface-active compound research. In this publication, we have critically reviewed a wide range of techniques utilized in the characterization of surface-active compounds from microbial sources: identification of surface-active compound producing microorganisms and functional testing of resultant surface-active compounds. We have also reviewed the experimental evidence required for process development to take these compounds out of the laboratory and into industrial application. We devised this review as a guide to both researchers and the peer-reviewed process to improve the stringency of future studies and publications within this field of science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Simon Twigg
- School of Biomedical SciencesUlster UniversityColeraine, Co. LondonderryBT52 1SAUK
| | - Niki Baccile
- Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueLaboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de ParisSorbonne UniversitéLCMCPParisF‐75005France
| | - Ibrahim M. Banat
- School of Biomedical SciencesUlster UniversityColeraine, Co. LondonderryBT52 1SAUK
| | - Eric Déziel
- Centre Armand‐Frappier Santé BiotechnologieInstitut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS)531, Boul. Des PrairiesLavalQCH7V 1B7Canada
| | - Roger Marchant
- School of Biomedical SciencesUlster UniversityColeraine, Co. LondonderryBT52 1SAUK
| | - Sophie Roelants
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis (InBio.be)Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Bio Base Europe Pilot PlantRodenhuizenkaai 1Ghent9042Belgium
| | - Inge N. A. Van Bogaert
- Centre for Synthetic BiologyDepartment of BiotechnologyGhent UniversityCoupure Links 653Ghent9000Belgium
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Platel R, Chaveriat L, Le Guenic S, Pipeleers R, Magnin-Robert M, Randoux B, Trapet P, Lequart V, Joly N, Halama P, Martin P, Höfte M, Reignault P, Siah A. Importance of the C 12 Carbon Chain in the Biological Activity of Rhamnolipids Conferring Protection in Wheat against Zymoseptoria tritici. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010040. [PMID: 33374771 PMCID: PMC7796335 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The hemibiotrophic fungus Zymoseptoria tritici, responsible for Septoria tritici blotch, is currently the most devastating foliar disease on wheat crops worldwide. Here, we explored, for the first time, the ability of rhamnolipids (RLs) to control this pathogen, using a total of 19 RLs, including a natural RL mixture produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 18 bioinspired RLs synthesized using green chemistry, as well as two related compounds (lauric acid and dodecanol). These compounds were assessed for in vitro antifungal effect, in planta defence elicitation (peroxidase and catalase enzyme activities), and protection efficacy on the wheat-Z. tritici pathosystem. Interestingly, a structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that synthetic RLs with a 12 carbon fatty acid tail were the most effective for all examined biological activities. This highlights the importance of the C12 chain in the bioactivity of RLs, likely by acting on the plasma membranes of both wheat and Z. tritici cells. The efficacy of the most active compound Rh-Est-C12 was 20-fold lower in planta than in vitro; an optimization of the formulation is thus required to increase its effectiveness. No Z. tritici strain-dependent activity was scored for Rh-Est-C12 that exhibited similar antifungal activity levels towards strains differing in their resistance patterns to demethylation inhibitor fungicides, including multi-drug resistance strains. This study reports new insights into the use of bio-inspired RLs to control Z. tritici.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Platel
- Joint Research Unit N° 1158 BioEcoAgro, Junia, University Lille, INRAE, University Liège, UPJV, University Artois, ULCO, 48, Boulevard Vauban, BP 41290, F-59014 Lille CEDEX, France; (R.P.); (P.T.); (P.H.)
| | - Ludovic Chaveriat
- ULR 7519—Unité Transformations & Agroressources, University Artois, UniLasalle, F-62408 Béthune, France; (L.C.); (S.L.G.); (V.L.); (N.J.); (P.M.)
| | - Sarah Le Guenic
- ULR 7519—Unité Transformations & Agroressources, University Artois, UniLasalle, F-62408 Béthune, France; (L.C.); (S.L.G.); (V.L.); (N.J.); (P.M.)
| | - Rutger Pipeleers
- Lab. Phytopathology, Department Plants & Crops, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (R.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Maryline Magnin-Robert
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (EA 4492), Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, CS 80699, F-62228 Calais CEDEX, France; (M.M.-R.); (B.R.); (P.R.)
| | - Béatrice Randoux
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (EA 4492), Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, CS 80699, F-62228 Calais CEDEX, France; (M.M.-R.); (B.R.); (P.R.)
| | - Pauline Trapet
- Joint Research Unit N° 1158 BioEcoAgro, Junia, University Lille, INRAE, University Liège, UPJV, University Artois, ULCO, 48, Boulevard Vauban, BP 41290, F-59014 Lille CEDEX, France; (R.P.); (P.T.); (P.H.)
| | - Vincent Lequart
- ULR 7519—Unité Transformations & Agroressources, University Artois, UniLasalle, F-62408 Béthune, France; (L.C.); (S.L.G.); (V.L.); (N.J.); (P.M.)
| | - Nicolas Joly
- ULR 7519—Unité Transformations & Agroressources, University Artois, UniLasalle, F-62408 Béthune, France; (L.C.); (S.L.G.); (V.L.); (N.J.); (P.M.)
| | - Patrice Halama
- Joint Research Unit N° 1158 BioEcoAgro, Junia, University Lille, INRAE, University Liège, UPJV, University Artois, ULCO, 48, Boulevard Vauban, BP 41290, F-59014 Lille CEDEX, France; (R.P.); (P.T.); (P.H.)
| | - Patrick Martin
- ULR 7519—Unité Transformations & Agroressources, University Artois, UniLasalle, F-62408 Béthune, France; (L.C.); (S.L.G.); (V.L.); (N.J.); (P.M.)
| | - Monica Höfte
- Lab. Phytopathology, Department Plants & Crops, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (R.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Philippe Reignault
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (EA 4492), Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, CS 80699, F-62228 Calais CEDEX, France; (M.M.-R.); (B.R.); (P.R.)
| | - Ali Siah
- Joint Research Unit N° 1158 BioEcoAgro, Junia, University Lille, INRAE, University Liège, UPJV, University Artois, ULCO, 48, Boulevard Vauban, BP 41290, F-59014 Lille CEDEX, France; (R.P.); (P.T.); (P.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)3-28-38-48-48
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Abstract
Antimicrobial therapies against cystic fibrosis (CF) lung infections are largely aimed at the traditional, well-studied CF pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cepacia complex, despite the fact that the CF lung harbors a complex and dynamic polymicrobial community. A clinical focus on the dominant pathogens ignores potentially important community-level interactions in disease pathology, perhaps explaining why these treatments are often less effective than predicted based on in vitro testing. Antimicrobial therapies against cystic fibrosis (CF) lung infections are largely aimed at the traditional, well-studied CF pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cepacia complex, despite the fact that the CF lung harbors a complex and dynamic polymicrobial community. A clinical focus on the dominant pathogens ignores potentially important community-level interactions in disease pathology, perhaps explaining why these treatments are often less effective than predicted based on in vitro testing. A better understanding of the ecological dynamics of this ecosystem may enable clinicians to harness these interactions and thereby improve treatment outcomes. Like all ecosystems, the CF lung microbial community develops through a series of stages, each of which may present with distinct microbial communities that generate unique host-microbe and microbe-microbe interactions, metabolic profiles, and clinical phenotypes. While insightful models have been developed to explain some of these stages and interactions, there is no unifying model to describe how these infections develop and persist. Here, we review current perspectives on the ecology of the CF airway and present the CF Ecological Succession (CFES) model that aims to capture the spatial and temporal complexity of CF lung infection, address current challenges in disease management, and inform the development of ecologically driven therapeutic strategies.
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Sun L, Forauer EC, Brown SRB, D'Amico DJ. Application of bioactive glycolipids to control Listeria monocytogenes biofilms and as post-lethality contaminants in milk and cheese. Food Microbiol 2020; 95:103683. [PMID: 33397615 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes can form persistent biofilms on food processing surfaces, resulting in cross-contamination of food products, including milk and milk products. Natural glycolipids are a promising intervention to control undesirable microbes due to their antimicrobial activity and low toxicity. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of glycolipids to control L. monocytogenes biofilms as well as in milk and on Queso Fresco. Application of a natural glycolipid product significantly reduced biofilm-associated L. monocytogenes on both polystyrene and stainless steel at concentrations as low as 45 mg/L. When added to UHT skim milk, a concentration of 1000 mg/L inhibited L. monocytogenes growth through 7 days of storage at 7 °C, and application of 1300 and 1500 mg/L reduced counts to levels below the limit of enumeration at day 21. In contrast, 2000 mg/L were necessary to inhibit growth through 7 days in whole milk. Glycolipid solutions at concentrations ≥10% reduced L. monocytogenes counts on Queso Fresco through 7 days when applied as a dip. Overall, natural glycolipids have potential as a natural alternative for the removal of biofilms and as an antimicrobial to control L. monocytogenes in milk and milk products with short shelf lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Sun
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Agricultural Biotechnology Laboratory, 1390 Storrs Road, U-4163, Storrs, CT, 06269-4163, USA
| | - Emily C Forauer
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, 61 North Eagleville Road, U-3089, Storrs, CT, 06269-3089, USA
| | - Stephanie R B Brown
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Agricultural Biotechnology Laboratory, 1390 Storrs Road, U-4163, Storrs, CT, 06269-4163, USA
| | - Dennis J D'Amico
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Agricultural Biotechnology Laboratory, 1390 Storrs Road, U-4163, Storrs, CT, 06269-4163, USA.
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Yamasaki R, Kawano A, Yoshioka Y, Ariyoshi W. Rhamnolipids and surfactin inhibit the growth or formation of oral bacterial biofilm. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:358. [PMID: 33228524 PMCID: PMC7684882 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-02034-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacteria survive in various environments by forming biofilms. Bacterial biofilms often cause significant problems to medical instruments and industrial processes. Techniques to inhibit biofilm formation are essential and have wide applications. In this study, we evaluated the ability of two types of biosurfactants (rhamnolipids and surfactin) to inhibit growth and biofilm formation ability of oral pathogenic bacteria such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus sanguinis. Results Rhamnolipids inhibited the growth and biofilm formation ability of all examined oral bacteria. Surfactin showed effective inhibition against S. sanguinis ATCC10556, but lower effects toward A. actinomycetemcomitans Y4 and S. mutans UA159. To corroborate these results, biofilms were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal microscopy. The observations were largely in concordance with the biofilm assay results. We also attempted to determine the step in the biofilm formation process that was inhibited by biosurfactants. The results clearly demonstrated that rhamnolipids inhibit biofilm formation after the initiation process, however, they do not affect attachment or maturation. Conclusions Rhamnolipids inhibit oral bacterial growth and biofilm formation by A. actinomycetemcomitans Y4, and may serve as novel oral drug against localized invasive periodontitis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-020-02034-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Yamasaki
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan.
| | - Aki Kawano
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Yoshie Yoshioka
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Wataru Ariyoshi
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
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Miclotte L, De Paepe K, Rymenans L, Callewaert C, Raes J, Rajkovic A, Van Camp J, Van de Wiele T. Dietary Emulsifiers Alter Composition and Activity of the Human Gut Microbiota in vitro, Irrespective of Chemical or Natural Emulsifier Origin. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:577474. [PMID: 33250870 PMCID: PMC7676226 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.577474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of additives in food products has become an important public health concern. In recent reports, dietary emulsifiers have been shown to affect the gut microbiota, contributing to a pro-inflammatory phenotype and metabolic syndrome. So far, it is not yet known whether similar microbiome shifts are observable for a more diverse set of emulsifier types and to what extent these effects vary with the unique features of an individual's microbiome. To bridge this gap, we investigated the effect of five dietary emulsifiers on the fecal microbiota from 10 human individuals upon a 48 h exposure. Community structure was assessed with quantitative microbial profiling, functionality was evaluated by measuring fermentation metabolites, and pro-inflammatory properties were assessed with the phylogenetic prediction algorithm PICRUSt, together with a TLR5 reporter cell assay for flagellin. A comparison was made between two mainstream chemical emulsifiers (carboxymethylcellulose and P80), a natural extract (soy lecithin), and biotechnological emulsifiers (sophorolipids and rhamnolipids). While fecal microbiota responded in a donor-dependent manner to the different emulsifiers, profound differences between emulsifiers were observed. Rhamnolipids, sophorolipids, and soy lecithin eliminated 91 ± 0, 89 ± 1, and 87 ± 1% of the viable bacterial population after 48 h, yet they all selectively increased the proportional abundance of putative pathogens. Moreover, profound shifts in butyrate (-96 ± 6, -73 ± 24, and -34 ± 25%) and propionate (+13 ± 24, +88 ± 50, and +29 ± 16%) production were observed for these emulsifiers. Phylogenetic prediction indicated higher motility, which was, however, not confirmed by increased flagellin levels using the TLR5 reporter cell assay. We conclude that dietary emulsifiers can severely impact the gut microbiota, and this seems to be proportional to their emulsifying strength, rather than emulsifier type or origin. As biotechnological emulsifiers were especially more impactful than chemical emulsifiers, caution is warranted when considering them as more natural alternatives for clean label strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Miclotte
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kim De Paepe
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leen Rymenans
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Nucleomics Core, Lab of Molecular Bacteriology – Rega, KULeuven, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chris Callewaert
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Nucleomics Core, Lab of Molecular Bacteriology – Rega, KULeuven, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andreja Rajkovic
- Department of Food Technology, Food Safety and Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - John Van Camp
- Department of Food Technology, Food Safety and Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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48
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Herzog M, Tiso T, Blank LM, Winter R. Interaction of rhamnolipids with model biomembranes of varying complexity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183431. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Moutinho LF, Moura FR, Silvestre RC, Romão-Dumaresq AS. Microbial biosurfactants: A broad analysis of properties, applications, biosynthesis, and techno-economical assessment of rhamnolipid production. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 37:e3093. [PMID: 33067929 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biosurfactants are surface-active molecules originated from renewable resources, which are produced by microbial fermentation or chemical/enzymatic catalysis. These molecules present important advantages as compared to petrochemical surfactants, given their resistance to extreme conditions, biodegradability, specificity, and environmental compatibility. Besides that, the high production costs hinder its commercialization. In this way, this article aimed to analyze microbial biosurfactants production, focusing on the optimization of metabolic pathways and production processes, to identify key aspects and provide alternatives to allow a cost-effective production at industrial scale. This was achieved by a broad analysis of biosurfactants properties, applications, and biosynthetic pathways (in terms of yield, cofactors, and energy), in addition to an assessment of production-associated costs. As a result of the present extensive data survey and analysis, key production aspects are disclosed. The metabolic pathway yield analysis demonstrated that production of biosurfactants can be significantly improved (highest theoretical yield was 0.47 gbiosurfactant /gsubstrate ) by the use of biomolecular engineering techniques to generate optimized synthetic pathways. With an alternative proposed pathway for surfactin, yield was improved and imbalance in cofactors and ATP was reduced. Analysis of productive costs indicated that to make rhamnolipids commercial production feasible, the main efforts should focus on lowering substrate costs as well as the identification of energy-efficient unit operations to lower electricity cost, since these parameters accounted for 19.36 and 78.22%, respectively, of the production costs. The data generated by this analysis highlight the need for multidisciplinary collaboration to make rhamnolipids economically feasible, including biomolecular engineering and process intensification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Fernandes Moutinho
- SENAI Innovation Institute for Biosynthetics and Fibers, SENAI CETIQT, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe Ramalho Moura
- SENAI Innovation Institute for Biosynthetics and Fibers, SENAI CETIQT, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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50
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Wittgens A, Rosenau F. Heterologous Rhamnolipid Biosynthesis: Advantages, Challenges, and the Opportunity to Produce Tailor-Made Rhamnolipids. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:594010. [PMID: 33195161 PMCID: PMC7642724 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.594010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The first heterologous expression of genes responsible for the production of rhamnolipids was already implemented in the mid-1990s during the functional identification of the rhlAB operon. This was the starting shot for multiple approaches to establish the rhamnolipid biosynthesis in different host organisms. Since most of the native rhamnolipid producing organisms are human or plant pathogens, the intention for these ventures was the establishment of non-pathogenic organisms as heterologous host for the production of rhamnolipids. The pathogenicity of producing organisms is one of the bottlenecks for applications of rhamnolipids in many industrial products especially foods and cosmetics. The further advantage of heterologous rhamnolipid production is the circumvention of the complex regulatory network, which regulates the rhamnolipid biosynthesis in wild type production strains. Furthermore, a suitable host with an optimal genetic background to provide sufficient amounts of educts allows the production of tailor-made rhamnolipids each with its specific physico-chemical properties depending on the contained numbers of rhamnose sugar residues and the numbers, chain length and saturation degree of 3-hydroxyfatty acids. The heterologous expression of rhl genes can also enable the utilization of unusual carbon sources for the production of rhamnolipids depending on the host organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Wittgens
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,Ulm Center for Peptide Pharmaceuticals (U-PEP), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frank Rosenau
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,Ulm Center for Peptide Pharmaceuticals (U-PEP), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,Department Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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