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Xi J, Fang W, Zhang H, Zhang J, Xu H, Zheng M. Promotion of polyhydroxyalkanoates-producing granular sludge formation by lactic acid using anaerobic dynamic feeding process. J Biotechnol 2024; 395:84-94. [PMID: 39304101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
To promote the formation of granular sludge with high polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) synthesis ability, an anaerobic dynamic feeding process (AnDF) was proposed. This process combines the feast-famine mode with an anaerobic plug flow feeding process and involving variations in cycle length and settling time. The effects of lactic acid (LA) content (0 %, 20 %, and 40 % COD) on sludge granulation and PHAs production were investigated using three AnDF reactors (R1, R2, and R3). The results showed that the AnDF process feeding with LA not only effectively promoted sludge granulation but also improved its PHAs synthesis ability. The granules were quickly observed in R3 after 50 days of cultivation, with an average diameter of 0.69 mm. The maximum PHAs content reached 47.0 wt% in R3, representing a 30.09 % increase compared to R1. Additionally, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)-producing bacteria observed in granular sludge may be the prime drivers of the formation of PHAs-producing granular sludge (PHAGS), which was defined as granular sludge with an average particle size larger than 0.30 mm and PHAs content above 40 % cell dry weight (CDW) of sludge samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wenjie Fang
- Zhejiang Chemical Products Quality Inspection Station Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jinzhong Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Heng Xu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Mingxia Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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2
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Wen Q, Wang Z, Liu B, Liu S, Huang H, Chen Z. Enrichment performance and salt tolerance of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) producing mixed cultures under different saline environments. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118722. [PMID: 38499223 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The key to the resource recycling of saline wastes in form of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) is to enrich mixed cultures with salt tolerance and PHA synthesis ability. However, the comparison of saline sludge from different sources and the salt tolerance mechanisms of salt-tolerant PHA producers need to be clarified. In this study, three kinds of activated sludge from different salinity environments were selected as the inoculum to enrich salt-tolerant PHA producers under aerobic dynamic feeding (ADF) mode with butyric acid dominated mixed volatile fatty acid as the substrate. The maximum PHA content (PHAm) reached 0.62 ± 0.01, 0.62 ± 0.02, and 0.55 ± 0.03 g PHA/g VSS at salinity of 0.5%, 0.8%, and 1.8%, respectively. Microbial community analysis indicated that Thauera, Paracoccus, and Prosthecobacter were dominant salt-tolerant PHA producers at low salinity, Thauera, NS9_marine, and SM1A02 were dominant salt-tolerant PHA producers at high salinity. High salinity and ADF mode had synergistic effects on selection and enrichment of salt-tolerant PHA producers. Combined correlation network with redundancy analysis indicated that trehalose synthesis genes and betaine related genes had positive correlation with PHAm, while extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content had negative correlation with PHAm. The compatible solutes accumulation and EPS secretion were the main salt tolerance mechanisms of the PHA producers. Therefore, adding compatible solutes is an effective strategy to improve PHA synthesis in saline environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Zifan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Baozhen Liu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Shaojiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, 150090, China; School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haolong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
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3
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Jantharadej K, Jaroensawat J, Matanachai K, Limpiyakorn T, Tobino T, Thayanukul P, Suwannasilp BB. Bioaugmentation of Thauera mechernichensis TL1 for enhanced polyhydroxyalkanoate production in mixed microbial consortia for wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170240. [PMID: 38278252 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a fully biodegradable bioplastic. To foster a circular economy, the integration of PHA production into wastewater treatment facilities can be accomplished using mixed microbial consortia. The effectiveness of this approach relies greatly on the enrichment of PHA-accumulating microorganisms. Hence, our study focused on bioaugmenting Thauera mechernichensis TL1 into mixed microbial consortia with the aim of enriching PHA-accumulating microorganisms and enhancing PHA production. Three sequencing batch reactors-SBRctrl, SBR2.5%, and SBR25%-were operated under feast/famine conditions. SBR2.5% and SBR25% were bioaugmented with T. mechernichensis TL1 at 2.5%w/w of mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) and 25%w/w MLVSS, respectively, while SBRctrl was not bioaugmented. SBR2.5% and SBR25% achieved maximum PHA accumulation capacities of 56.3 %gPHA/g mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) and 50.2 %gPHA/gMLSS, respectively, which were higher than the 25.4 %gPHA/gMLSS achieved by SBRctrl. The results of quantitative polymerase chain reaction targeting the 16S rRNA gene specific to T. mechernichensis showed higher abundances of T. mechernichensis in SBR2.5% and SBR25% compared with SBRctrl in the 3rd, 17th, and 31st cycles. Fluorescence in situ hybridization, together with fluorescent staining of PHA with Nile blue A, confirmed PHA accumulation in Thauera spp. The study demonstrated that bioaugmentation of T. mechernichensis TL1 at 2.5%w/w MLVSS is an effective strategy to enhance PHA accumulation and facilitate the enrichment of PHA-accumulating microorganisms in mixed microbial consortia. The findings could contribute to the advancement of PHA production from wastewater, enabling the transformation of wastewater treatment plants into water and resource recovery facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krittayapong Jantharadej
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jarataroon Jaroensawat
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanin Matanachai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tawan Limpiyakorn
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Biotechnology for Wastewater Engineering Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tomohiro Tobino
- Department of Urban Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Parinda Thayanukul
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Benjaporn Boonchayaanant Suwannasilp
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Biotechnology for Wastewater Engineering Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Yan Y, Han IL, Lee J, Li G, Srinivasan V, McCullough K, Klaus S, Kang D, Wang D, He P, Patel A, Bott C, Gu AZ. Revisiting the role of Acinetobacter spp. in side-stream enhanced biological phosphorus removal (S2EBPR) systems. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 251:121089. [PMID: 38277823 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.121089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
We piloted the incorporation of side-stream enhanced biological phosphorus removal (S2EBPR) with A/B stage short-cut nitrogen removal processes to enable simultaneous carbon-energy-efficient nutrients removal. This unique configuration and system conditions exerted selective force on microbial populations distinct from those in conventional EBPR. Interestingly, effective P removal was achieved with the predominance of Acinetobacter (21.5 ± 0.1 %) with nearly negligible level of known conical PAOs (Ca. Accumulibacter and Tetrasphaera were 0.04 ± 0.10 % and 0.47 ± 0.32 %, respectively). Using a combination of techniques, such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) coupled with single cell Raman spectroscopy (SCRS), the metabolic tracing of Acinetobacter-like cells exerted PAO-like phenotypic profiling. In addition, comparative metagenomics analysis of the closely related Acinetobacter spp. revealed the EBPR relevant metabolic pathways. Further oligotyping analysis of 16s rRNA V4 region revealed sub-clusters (microdiversity) of the Acinetobacter and revealed that the sub-group (oligo type 1, identical (100 % alignment identity) hits from Acinetobacter_midas_s_49494, and Acinetobacter_midas_s_55652) correlated with EBPR activities parameters, provided strong evidence that the identified Acinetobacter most likely contributed to the overall P removal in our A/B-shortcut N-S2EBPR system. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to confirm the in situ EBPR activity of Acinetobacter using combined genomics and SCRS Raman techniques. Further research is needed to identify the specific taxon, and phenotype of the Acinetobacter that are responsible for the P-removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yan
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, United States
| | - I L Han
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, United States
| | - Jangho Lee
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, United States
| | - Guangyu Li
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, United States
| | - Varun Srinivasan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Kester McCullough
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, United States; Hampton Roads Sanitation District, Virginia Beach, VA, 23454, United States; modelEAU, Département de génie civil et de génie des eaux, Université Laval, 1065 av. de la Médecine, Québec, Canada
| | - Stephanie Klaus
- Hampton Roads Sanitation District, Virginia Beach, VA, 23454, United States
| | - Da Kang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, United States; Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Dongqi Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, United States; Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China
| | - Peisheng He
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, United States
| | - Anand Patel
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, United States
| | - Charles Bott
- Hampton Roads Sanitation District, Virginia Beach, VA, 23454, United States.
| | - April Z Gu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, United States.
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Traina F, Corsino SF, Capodici M, Licitra E, Di Bella G, Torregrossa M, Viviani G. Combined recovery of polyhydroxyalkanoates and reclaimed water in the mainstream of a WWTP for agro-food industrial wastewater valorisation by membrane bioreactor technology. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119836. [PMID: 38141345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the combined production of reclaimed water for reuse purposes and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from an agro-food industrial wastewater. A pilot plant implementing a two-stage process for PHA production was studied. It consisted of a mainstream sequencing batch membrane bioreactor (SBMBR) in which selection of PHA-accumulating organisms and wastewater treatment were carried out in, and a side-stream fed-batch reactor (FBR) where the excess sludge from the SBMBR was used for PHA accumulation. The performance of the SBMBR was compared with that of a conventional sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating the same wastewater under different food to microorganisms' ratios (F/M) ranging between 0.125 and 0.650 kgCOD kgTSS-3 d-1. The SBMBR enabled to obtain very high-quality effluent in compliance with the relevant national (Italy) and European regulations (Italian DM 185/03 and EU, 2020/741) in the field of wastewater reclamation, whereas the performances in the SBR collapsed at F/M higher than 0.50 kgCOD kgTSS-1d-1. A maximum intracellular storage of 45% (w/w) and a production yield of 0.63 gPHA L-1h-1 were achieved when the SBMBR system was operated with a F/M ratio close to 0.50 kgCOD kgTSS-1d-1. This resulted approximately 35% higher than those observed in the SBR, since the ultrafiltration membrane avoided the washout of dispersed and filamentous bacteria capable of storing PHA. Furthermore, while maximizing PHA productivity in conventional SBR systems led to process dysfunctions, in the SBMBR system it helped mitigate these issues by reducing membrane fouling behaviour. The results of this study supported the possibility to achieve combined recovery of reclaimed water and high-value added bioproducts using membrane technology, leading the way for agro-food industrial wastewater valorization in the frame of a circular economy model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Traina
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Santo Fabio Corsino
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Marco Capodici
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Enrico Licitra
- Facoltà di Ingegneria e Architettura, Università Degli Studi di Enna ''Kore'', Cittadella Universitaria, 94100, Enna, Italy
| | - Gaetano Di Bella
- Facoltà di Ingegneria e Architettura, Università Degli Studi di Enna ''Kore'', Cittadella Universitaria, 94100, Enna, Italy
| | - Michele Torregrossa
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaspare Viviani
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90128, Palermo, Italy
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Noutsopoulos C, Gkoutzioupa V, Katsou E, Frison N, Fatone F, Malamis S. Integrated selection of PHA-storing biomass and nitrogen removal via nitrite from sludge reject water: a mathematical model. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:73-86. [PMID: 35794016 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2099311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
One of the most recent innovations to promote a circular economy during wastewater treatment is the production of biopolymers. It has recently been demonstrated that it is possible to integrate the production of biopolymers in the form of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) with nitrogen removal via nitrite during the treatment of sludge reject water. In the present study, simulation of a new process for bioresource recovery was conducted by an appropriate modification of the Activated Sludge Model 3. The process consists of the integrated nitrogen removal via nitrite from sludge reject water and the selection of PHA-storing biomass by inducing a feast and famine regime under aerobic and anoxic conditions. According to the results, it is anticipated that simulation data matched very satisfactorily with the experimental data and confirmed the main experimental observation, showing that during the famine period the PHA depletion was almost complete due to the availability of nitrite as the electron acceptor. Simulation results indicate that the selection of the volumetric organic loading rate and of the relative duration of the aerobic feast/anoxic famine duration is critical in order to allow for the effective denitritation of the internally stored PHA during the famine phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos Noutsopoulos
- Sanitary Engineering Laboratory, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Evina Katsou
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Uxbridge Campus, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Nicola Frison
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Fatone
- Department of Science and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urban Planning-SIMAU, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Simos Malamis
- Sanitary Engineering Laboratory, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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7
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Isern-Cazorla L, Mineo A, Suárez-Ojeda ME, Mannina G. Effect of organic loading rate on the production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from sewage sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 343:118272. [PMID: 37257232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effect of organic loading rate on the production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from sewage sludge. Synthesis of PHA using sewage sludge as platform was achieved in this work. Three pilot-scale selection-sequencing batch reactors (S-SBR) were used for obtaining a culture able to accumulate PHA following a strategy of aerobic dynamic feeding (ADF) at different volumetric organic-loading-rate (vOLR): 1.3, 1.8 and 0.8 g COD L-1 d-1 for S-SBR 1, S-SBR 2 and S-SBR 3, respectively. Decreasing the vOLR enhanced the general performance of the process as for organic matter removal (from 99.2% ± 0.3% in S-SBR-3 to 92 ± 2 in S-SBR-2) while the opposite trend was recorded for PHA production (6.0 PHA % w/w in S-SBR-3 vs 13.7 PHA % w/w in S-SBR-2 at the end of the feast phase). Furthermore, indirect and direct emissions, as N2O, were evaluated during the process for the first time. Finally, three accumulation tests were performed achieving 24% w/w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Isern-Cazorla
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze ed. 8, 90128, Palermo, Italy; GENOCOV Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Edifici Q, c/ de les Sitges s/n, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Mineo
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze ed. 8, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - María Eugenia Suárez-Ojeda
- GENOCOV Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Edifici Q, c/ de les Sitges s/n, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giorgio Mannina
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze ed. 8, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
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Rangel C, Carvalho G, Oehmen A, Frison N, Lourenço ND, Reis MAM. Polyhydroxyalkanoates production from ethanol- and lactate-rich fermentate of confectionary industry effluents. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:713-723. [PMID: 36587645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production has been the focus of considerable research to increase productivities and reduce production costs. In this study, a fermented confectionary industry wastewater was used as feedstock for mixed microbial culture PHA production. The feedstock was dominated by lactate and ethanol (60-90 % of all soluble fermentation products). The culture selection reactor was inoculated with municipal activated sludge and was operated at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 100 Cmmol·L-1·d-1, achieving a robust PHA-accumulating enrichment, which produced up to 52.6 ± 0.4 wt% of PHA in accumulation assays. An OLR increase in the culture selection stage to 150 Cmmol·L-1·d-1 led to a PHA content of 59.1 ± 0.6, a yield of 0.93 ± 0.01 Cmol-PHA·Cmol-S-1 and a productivity of 0.93 ± 0.01 g-PHA L-1·h-1. A correlation analysis of the impact of ethanol concentrations from 3.19 to 20.3 Cmmol·L-1 in the reactor showed that ethanol inhibited PHA production rate and yield and the consumption of other carbon sources available. Microbial community analysis revealed the increase of Amaricoccus genus during the bioreactor operation time, a known PHA accumulator. The produced polymer was poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) with an average molecular weight of 4.3 × 105 Da and a polydispersity index of 1.88.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Rangel
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Gilda Carvalho
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Adrian Oehmen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Nicola Frison
- University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology, Strada Le Grazie, 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Nídia D Lourenço
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Maria A M Reis
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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9
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Flow cytometry: a tool for understanding the behaviour of polyhydroxyalkanoate accumulators. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:581-590. [PMID: 36525042 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12318-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) is seen as an attractive strategy for polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production. In order to optimize the MMC-PHA production process, tools are required to improve our understanding of the physiological state of the PHA-storing microorganisms within the MMC. In the present study, we explored the use of flow cytometry to analyse the metabolic state and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) content of the microorganisms from an MMC-PHA production process. A sequencing batch reactor under a feast and famine regime was used to enrich an MMC with PHB-storing microorganisms. Interestingly, once the PHB-storing microorganisms are selected, the level of PHB accumulation depends largely on the metabolic state of these microorganisms and not exclusively on the consortium composition. These results demonstrate that flow cytometry is a powerful tool to help to understand the PHA storage response of an MMC-PHA production process. KEY POINTS: • Flow cytometry allows to measure PHB content and metabolic activity over time. • Microorganisms showing high PHB content also have high metabolic activity. • PHB producers with low metabolic activity show low PHB content.
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Production efficiency and properties of poly(3hydroxybutyrate-co-3hydroxyvalerate) generated via a robust bacterial consortium dominated by Zoogloea sp. using acidified discarded fruit juices as carbon source. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:1500-1514. [PMID: 36511266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, a mixed microbial culture (MMC) of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) producers was developed under nutrient stress and was assessed as biocatalyst for the production of high-yielding PHAs from fermented (acidified) discarded fruit juices (DFJ). The structure of the MMC was analyzed periodically to determine its microbial dynamics, revealing that Zoogloae sp. dominated throughout the operation of the system. The efficiency of PHAs production from the MMC was further optimized in batch mode by altering the ratio of C to N, the ratio of carbon sources (propionate and butyrate), and the initial pH, and subsequently different fermentation mixtures of acidified DFJ were assessed as substrates at optimal conditions. Upon solvent extraction, the properties of recovered PHAs were analyzed, showing that in all cases P(3HB-co-3HV) was produced, with Tm ranging from 90.5 to 168.8 °C, and maximum obtained yields 54.61 ± 4.31 % and 43.27 ± 2.13 %, from synthetic substrates and DFJ, respectively. Overall, it was shown that the developed MMC can be efficiently applied as biocatalyst for the exploitation of sugary wastewaters, such as DFJ, towards bio-based and biodegradable plastics bearing the required properties to substitute fossil plastics, into the concept of a circular economy.
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11
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Argiz L, Val Del Río Á, Correa-Galeote D, Rodelas B, Mosquera-Corral A. Simplified engineering design towards a competitive lipid-rich effluents valorization. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 317:115433. [PMID: 35751251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Medium- and long-chain fatty acids and glycerol contained in the oily fraction of many food-industry effluents are excellent candidates to produce biobased high-value triacylglycerides (TAGs) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). The typical process configuration for TAGs recovery from lipid-rich streams always includes two steps (culture enrichment plus storage compounds accumulation) whereas, for PHAs production, an additional pretreatment of the substrate for the obtainment of soluble volatile fatty acids (VFAs) is required. To simplify the process, substrate hydrolysis, culture enrichment, and accumulation (TAG and PHA storage) were coupled here in a single sequencing batch reactor (SBR) operated under the double growth limitation strategy (DGL) and fed in pulses with industrial waste fish oil during the whole feast phase. When the SBR was operated in 12 h cycles, it was reached up to 51 wt % biopolymers after only 6 h of feast (TAG:PHA ratio of 50:51; 0.423 CmmolBIOP/CmmolS). Daily storage compound production was observed to be over 25% higher than the reached when enrichment and accumulation stages were carried in separate operational units. Increasing the feast phase length from 6 to 12 h (18 h cycle) negatively affected the DGL strategy performance and hence system storage capacity, which was recovered after also extending the famine phase in the same proportion (24 h cycle). Besides, the carbon influx during the feast phase was identified as a key operational parameter controlling storage compounds production and, together with the C/N ratio, culture selection. The different cycle configurations tested clearly modulated the total fungal abundances without no significant differences in the size of the bacterial populations. Several PHA and TAG producers were found in the mixed culture although the PHA and TAG productions were poorly associated with the increased relative abundances (RAs) of specific operational taxonomic units (OTUs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Argiz
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
| | - Ángeles Val Del Río
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - David Correa-Galeote
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18001, Granada, Andalucía, Spain; Microbiology and Environmental Technology Section, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18001, Granada, Andalucía, Spain
| | - Belén Rodelas
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18001, Granada, Andalucía, Spain; Microbiology and Environmental Technology Section, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18001, Granada, Andalucía, Spain
| | - Anuska Mosquera-Corral
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
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12
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Valorization of Brewery Waste through Polyhydroxyalkanoates Production Supported by a Metabolic Specialized Microbiome. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091347. [PMID: 36143384 PMCID: PMC9505892 DOI: 10.3390/life12091347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Raw brewers’ spent grain, a by-product of beer production, is produced at a large scale and is usually used as animal feed or is landfilled. However, its composition shows that this feedstock has the potential for other applications, such as bioplastics production (e.g., polyhydroxyalkanoates). In this way, the aim of this work was to assess the use of raw brewers’ spent grain for polyhydroxyalkanoates production, adding new value to this feedstock. The results confirm the potential of raw brewers’ spent grain to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates, as the population was enriched in the microorganisms able to accumulate these biopolymers. These results will contribute to society’s knowledge and competence via the development of a treatment process for brewery waste of both environmental (productive waste treatment) and economic interest (production of biopolymers), which will certainly attract its application to the brewery industry worldwide. Abstract Raw brewers’ spent grain (BSG), a by-product of beer production and produced at a large scale, presents a composition that has been shown to have potential as feedstock for several biological processes, such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production. Although the high interest in the PHA production from waste, the bioconversion of BSG into PHA using microbial mixed cultures (MMC) has not yet been explored. This study explored the feasibility to produce PHA from BSG through the enrichment of a mixed microbial culture in PHA-storing organisms. The increase in organic loading rate (OLR) was shown to have only a slight influence on the process performance, although a high selectivity in PHA-storing microorganisms accumulation was reached. The culture was enriched on various PHA-storing microorganisms, such as bacteria belonging to the Meganema, Carnobacterium, Leucobacter, and Paracocccus genera. The enrichment process led to specialization of the microbiome, but the high diversity in PHA-storing microorganisms could have contributed to the process stability and efficiency, allowing for achieving a maximum PHA content of 35.2 ± 5.5 wt.% (VSS basis) and a yield of 0.61 ± 0.09 CmmolPHA/CmmolVFA in the accumulation assays. Overall, the production of PHA from fermented BSG is a feasible process confirming the valorization potential of the feedstock through the production of added-value products.
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13
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Simona C, Laura L, Francesco V, Marianna V, Cristina MG, Barbara T, Mauro M, Simona R. Effect of the organic loading rate on the PHA-storing microbiome in sequencing batch reactors operated with uncoupled carbon and nitrogen feeding. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 825:153995. [PMID: 35192819 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the last years, in a search for sustainable and biodegradable alternatives to petrol-based plastics, biotechnological applications turned to the potentialities of mixed microbial cultures (MMC) for producing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Under a feast and famine regime, an uncoupled carbon (C) and nitrogen (N)-feeding strategy may be adopted by dosing the C-source at the beginning of the feast and the N-source at the beginning of the famine in order to stimulate a PHA storage response and microbial growth. Even though this strategy has been already successfully applied for the PHA production, very few information is to date available regarding the MMC operating in these systems and the influence of Organic Loading Rate (OLR) on their selection and enrichment. To fill the gap, this study investigated the effect of the OLR on the selection of PHA-accumulating microorganisms in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) operated with an uncoupled C and N feeding strategy. The SBR cycle length was set at 12 h and four OLRs values (4.25, 8.50, 12.75 and 18 gCOD L-1 d-1) were tested by changing the concentration of the feeding solution, made of a synthetic mixture of acetic (85% of the overall COD) and propionic (15%) acids. The PHA-storage yield increased by increasing the OLR (up to 0.69 COD/COD at 12.75 gCOD L-1 d-1) but significantly decreased (0.27 COD/COD) at 18 gCOD L-1 d-1 concomitantly with a longer feast phase and a lower PHA content in the biomass at the end of the feast phase. The selective pressure induced by the applied OLRs strongly influenced the microbiome composition revealing a high content of putative PHA-storing bacteria, such as Rhodobacter, Thauera and Paracoccus, in the SBR operated at OLRs 4.25, 8.50 and 12.75 g COD L-1 d-1 (up to 97.4% of total reads) and a low content (5.4%) in the SBR at 18 g COD L-1 d-1where the predominance of genus Nitrinicola was instead observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crognale Simona
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Monterotondo, Rome, Italy.
| | - Lorini Laura
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentino Francesco
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, "Cà Foscari" University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - Villano Marianna
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marzo Gago Cristina
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, IVAGRO, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Tonanzi Barbara
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Majone Mauro
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossetti Simona
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
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14
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Dynamics of Microbial Communities in Phototrophic Polyhydroxyalkanoate Accumulating Cultures. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020351. [PMID: 35208806 PMCID: PMC8874877 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phototrophic mixed cultures (PMC) are versatile systems which can be applied for waste streams, valorisation and production of added-value compounds, such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). This work evaluates the influence of different operational conditions on the bacterial communities reported in PMC systems with PHA production capabilities. Eleven PMCs, fed either with acetate or fermented wastewater, and selected under either feast and famine (FF) or permanent feast (PF) regimes, were evaluated. Overall, results identified Chromatiaceae members as the main phototrophic PHA producers, along with Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodobacter and Rhizobium. The findings show that Chromatiaceae were favoured under operating conditions with high carbon concentrations, and particularly under the PF regime. In FF systems fed with fermented wastewater, the results indicate that increasing the organic loading rate enriches for Rhodopseudomonas, Rhizobium and Hyphomicrobiaceae, which together with Rhodobacter and Chromatiaceae, were likely responsible for PHA storage. In addition, high-sugar feedstock impairs PHA production under PF conditions (fermentative bacteria dominance), which does not occur under FF. This characterization of the communities responsible for PHA accumulation helps to define improved operational strategies for PHA production with PMC.
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15
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Samadhiya K, Sangtani R, Nogueira R, Bala K. Insightful Advancement and Opportunities for Microbial Bioplastic Production. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:674864. [PMID: 35058887 PMCID: PMC8763809 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.674864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Impetuous urbanization and population growth are driving increased demand for plastics to formulate impeccable industrial and biomedical commodities. The everlasting nature and excruciating waste management of petroleum-based plastics have catered to numerous challenges for the environment. However, just implementing various end-of-life management techniques for assimilation and recycling plastics is not a comprehensive remedy; instead, the extensive reliance on finite resources needs to be reduced for sustainable production and plastic product utilization. Microorganisms, such as bacteria and algae, are explored substantially for their bioplastic production repertoire, thus replacing fossil-based plastics sooner or later. Nevertheless, the utilization of pure microbial cultures has led to various operational and economical complications, opening the ventures for the usage of mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) consisting of bacteria and algae for sustainable production of bioplastic. The current review is primarily focuses on elaborating the bioplastic production capabilities of different bacterial and algal strains, followed by discussing the quintessence of MMCs. The present state-of-the-art of bioplastic, different types of bacterial bioplastic, microalgal biocomposites, operational factors influencing the quality and quantity of bioplastic precursors, embracing the potential of bacteria-algae consortia, and the current global status quo of bioplastic production has been summarized extensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Samadhiya
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, India
| | - Rimjhim Sangtani
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, India
| | - Regina Nogueira
- Institute for Sanitary Engineering and Waste Management, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Kiran Bala
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, India
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16
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Heo S, Liu YQ. Dependence of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate accumulation in sludge on biomass concentration in SBRs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 797:149138. [PMID: 34346384 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The combination of wastewater treatment with polyhydroxyalkanoate production has attracted increasing interest in the context of the circular economy. Recent studies have thus attempted to optimize the conditions for polyhydroxyalkanoate accumulation in sludge when treating wastewater. The effects of biomass concentration and sludge morphologies in reactors on PHB storage, however, were neglected in the literature. Therefore, in this study settling time and organic loading rate were manipulated to adjust sludge morphology and biomass concentration in sequential batch reactors (SBRs) to investigate their influence on PHB storage in the feast phase. Our study shows that reducing settling times in SBRs from 10 to 0 min under organic loading rate of 3 g L-1 d-1 resulted in the decrease in biomass concentration at steady states from 4.2 to 1.0 g L-1 and the change of sludge morphology from well-settled granules to poorly settled pinpoint flocs, but PHB content in sludge at the end of feast phase increased from 7.7 to 26.7%. The well-fitted regression lines between PHB content, SRT, feast/famine and food/microorganisms ratios and biomass concentration under different settling times suggest that PHB was highly dependent on biomass concentration but independent on sludge morphology. Under settling time of 0 min, the increase in OLR from 3 to 7.5 g L-1 d-1 resulted in an increased biomass concentration from 1.0 to 2.1 g L-1 and an increase in PHB content from 26.7 to 33.8%. The batch and fed-batch experiments with different biomass concentrations also showed the influence of biomass concentration on PHB accumulation in sludge. The conclusion of the dependence of PHB content on biomass concentration under a fixed OLR and varied OLRs drawn from this study enables sludge PHB content as high as possible by adjusting biomass concentration in SBRs apart from the selective enriching strategies for PHB accumulating organisms when treating VFA-rich wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongbong Heo
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Yong-Qiang Liu
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom.
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17
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Inoue D, Fukuyama A, Ren Y, Ike M. Optimization of aerobic dynamic discharge process for very rapid enrichment of polyhydroxyalkanoates-accumulating bacteria from activated sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 336:125314. [PMID: 34051571 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aerobic dynamic discharge (ADD) process has the potential to reduce the enrichment period of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)-accumulating bacteria in PHA production using mixed microbial cultures (MMCs). This study aimed to efficiently enrich PHA-accumulating bacteria from activated sludge within a fixed period of 2 d by optimizing operating conditions of the ADD process. Based on the results, enrichment with separate feeding of carbon and nutrients in the feast and famine phases, respectively, and a settling duration of 10 min after the feast phase in the sequencing batch cycle for 12 h was found to be optimal. The MMC enriched at optimum conditions could store as much as 68.4 wt% of PHA. Dechloromonas and Zoogloea were identified as potential PHA-accumulating bacteria responsible for enhancing PHA accumulation ability in the enriched MMC. The optimized ADD process will facilitate the consecutive use of daily generated waste activated sludge for PHA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Inoue
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Fukuyama
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yu Ren
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Michihiko Ike
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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18
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Argiz L, Gonzalez-Cabaleiro R, Correa-Galeote D, Val del Rio A, Mosquera-Corral A. Open-culture biotechnological process for triacylglycerides and polyhydroxyalkanoates recovery from industrial waste fish oil under saline conditions. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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19
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Asunis F, De Gioannis G, Francini G, Lombardi L, Muntoni A, Polettini A, Pomi R, Rossi A, Spiga D. Environmental life cycle assessment of polyhydroxyalkanoates production from cheese whey. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 132:31-43. [PMID: 34304020 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cheese whey (CW) is the main by-product of the dairy industry and is often considered one of the main agro-industrial biowaste streams to handle, especially within the European Union, where the diary activities play an essential role in the agrarian economy. In the paper, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is used to analyse the feasibility of producing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) as the main output of an innovative CW valorisation route which is benchmarked against a conventional anaerobic digestion (AD) process. To this aim, the LCA inventory data are derived from lab-scale PHA accumulation tests performed on real CW, while data from the literature of concern are used for modelling both the PHA extraction from the accumulating biomass and for the alternative CW valorisation through AD. The comparison shows that AD would have better environmental performances than the baseline PHA production scenario. For example, the climate change indicator values result 44.8 and -35.7 kg CO2 eq./t CW for the baseline PHA recovery and AD, respectively. LCA proved to be a useful tool to highlight the weak points of innovative processes and suggest proper improvements. Once improved and again analysed through the LCA, the PHA production process from CW shows that environmental performance comparable to AD may be achieved. With reference, again, to the climate change indicator the value can be reduced to -50.3 kg CO2 eq./t CW for the improved PHA production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Asunis
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giorgia De Gioannis
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; IGAG - CNR, Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza d'Armi, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Francini
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, Via Santa Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Lidia Lombardi
- Niccolò Cusano University of Rome, Via Don Carlo Gnocchi 3, 00166 Rome, Italy.
| | - Aldo Muntoni
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Polettini
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Pomi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Andreina Rossi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Spiga
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
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20
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De Donno Novelli L, Moreno Sayavedra S, Rene ER. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production via resource recovery from industrial waste streams: A review of techniques and perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 331:124985. [PMID: 33819906 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The problem of waste generation in the form of wastewater and solid wastes has caused an urgent, yet persisting, global issue that calls for the development of sustainable treatment and resource recovery technologies. The production of value-added polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from industrial waste streams has attracted the attention of researchers and process industries because they could replace traditional plastics. PHAs are biopolymers with high degradability, with a variety of applications in the manufacturing sector (e.g. medical equipment, packaging). The aim of this review is to describe the techniques and industrial waste streams that are applied for PHA production. The different enrichment and accumulation techniques that employ mixed microbial communities and carbon recovery from industrial waste streams and various downstream processes were reviewed. PHA yields between 7.6 and 76 wt% were reported for pilot-scale PHA production; while, at the laboratory-scale, yields from PHA accumulation range between 8.6 and 56 wt%. The recent advances in the application of waste streams for PHA production could result in more widely spread PHA production at the industrial scale via its integration into biorefineries for co-generation of PHAs with other added-value products like biohydrogen and biogas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura De Donno Novelli
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Moreno Sayavedra
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, The Netherlands.
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21
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Amorim de Carvalho CD, Ferreira Dos Santos A, Tavares Ferreira TJ, Sousa Aguiar Lira VN, Mendes Barros AR, Bezerra Dos Santos A. Resource recovery in aerobic granular sludge systems: is it feasible or still a long way to go? CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129881. [PMID: 33582539 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lately, wastewater treatment plants are much often being designed as wastewater-resource factories inserted in circular cities. Among biological treatment technologies, aerobic granular sludge (AGS), considered an evolution of activated sludge (AS), has received great attention regarding its resource recovery potential. This review presents the state-of-the-art concerning the influence of operational parameters on the recovery of alginate-like exopolysaccharides (ALE), tryptophan, phosphorus, and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from AGS systems. The carbon to nitrogen ratio was identified as a parameter that plays an important role for the optimal production of ALE, tryptophan, and PHA. The sludge retention time effect is more pronounced for the production of ALE and tryptophan. Additionally, salinity levels in the bioreactors can potentially be manipulated to increase ALE and phosphorus yields simultaneously. Some existing knowledge gaps in the scientific literature concerning the recovery of these resources from AGS were also identified. Regarding industrial applications, tryptophan has the longest way to go. On the other hand, ALE production/recovery could be considered the most mature process if we take into account that existing alternatives for phosphorus and PHA production/recovery are optimized for activated sludge rather than granular sludge. Consequently, to maintain the same effectiveness, these processes likely could not be applied to AGS without undergoing some modification. Therefore, investigating to what extent these adaptations are necessary and designing alternatives is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara de Amorim de Carvalho
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Amanda Ferreira Dos Santos
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - André Bezerra Dos Santos
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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22
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Gnaim R, Polikovsky M, Unis R, Sheviryov J, Gozin M, Golberg A. Marine bacteria associated with the green seaweed Ulva sp. for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 328:124815. [PMID: 33609888 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to isolate a series of bacterial strains associated with the green seaweed Ulva sp. and evaluate their capability to manufacture PHA. The effect of the type of supplemented sugars found to be in macroalgae, on the growth and PHA productivity of the strains was studied. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolated strains revealed that the PHA-producing bacteria were phylogenetically related to the genus Cobetia, Bacillus, Pseudoaltermonas and Sulfitobacter, which showed high PHA contents among the isolates. The highest PHA content was observed in the case of Cobetia strain, with up to 61% w/w in the presence of mannitol and 12% w/w on Ulva sp. acid hydrolysate as a substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Gnaim
- Porter School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; The Triangle Regional Research and Development Center, Kfar Qari 30075, Israel.
| | - Mark Polikovsky
- Porter School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Razan Unis
- The Triangle Regional Research and Development Center, Kfar Qari 30075, Israel
| | - Julia Sheviryov
- Porter School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michael Gozin
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Tel Aviv University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for Advanced Combustion Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alexander Golberg
- Porter School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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23
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González-Cabaleiro R, Martinez-Rabert E, Argiz L, van Kessel MA, Smith CJ. A framework based on fundamental biochemical principles to engineer microbial community dynamics. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 67:111-118. [PMID: 33540361 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Microbial communities are complex but there are basic principles we can apply to constrain the assumed stochasticity of their activity. By understanding the trade-offs behind the kinetic parameters that define microbial growth, we can explain how local interspecies dependencies arise and shape the emerging properties of a community. If we integrate these theoretical descriptions with experimental 'omics' data and bioenergetics analysis of specific environmental conditions, predictions on activity, assembly and spatial structure can be obtained reducing the a priori unpredictable complexity of microbial communities. This information can be used to define the appropriate selective pressures to engineer bioprocesses and propose new hypotheses which can drive experimental research to accelerate innovation in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca González-Cabaleiro
- James Watt School of Engineering, Infrastructure and Environment Research Division, University of Glasgow, Rankine Building, Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK.
| | - Eloi Martinez-Rabert
- James Watt School of Engineering, Infrastructure and Environment Research Division, University of Glasgow, Rankine Building, Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK
| | - Lucia Argiz
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Maartje Ahj van Kessel
- Radboud University, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cindy J Smith
- James Watt School of Engineering, Infrastructure and Environment Research Division, University of Glasgow, Rankine Building, Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK
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Papa G, Pepè Sciarria T, Carrara A, Scaglia B, D'Imporzano G, Adani F. Implementing polyhydroxyalkanoates production to anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste to diversify products and increase total energy recovery. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 318:124270. [PMID: 33099102 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A simple biorefinery aimed at producing both biomethane (CH4) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), was proposed to valorize the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). Anaerobic digestion (AD) was tested at different organic loading rates (OLR-I-II-III) (i.e. 3, 4 and 6 g L-1 d-1, respectively), producing biomethane and volatile fatty acids (VFAs)-rich digestate, the VFAs were then used to produce PHAs. Specific biogas and CH4 production remained similar when adopting different OLRs (biogas of 522-600 NL kg-1 VS and CH4 of 64-67% v/v). VFAs concentrated with OLR increases and their patterns were modified. PHA production was in the range of 117-199 g kg-1 OFMSWTS with the lowest production being associated to different polymer composition. The net energy recovery of this simple biorefinery accounted for 64% of OFMSW energy content, and the PHAs produced represented over 30% of the total energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Papa
- Gruppo Ricicla - DiSAA - Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Tommy Pepè Sciarria
- Gruppo Ricicla - DiSAA - Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Carrara
- Gruppo Ricicla - DiSAA - Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Scaglia
- Gruppo Ricicla - DiSAA - Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliana D'Imporzano
- Gruppo Ricicla - DiSAA - Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Adani
- Gruppo Ricicla - DiSAA - Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Wen Q, Ji Y, Chen Z, Lee DJ. Use of sodium chloride to rapidly restore polyhydroxyalkanoates production from filamentous bulking without polyhydroxyalkanoates productivity impairment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 313:123663. [PMID: 32562968 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Occurrence of filamentous bulking would lead to excess biomass washout to fail the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production process. A strategy using sodium chloride (NaCl) addition to enhance sludge settleability so that high PHA productivity could be retained was tested in two sequencing batch reactors (SBR #1 and #2) fed with different organic acid mixtures but at identical NaCl gradients (0, 5 and 10 g/L). Significant improved sludge settleability was observed at 10 g/L NaCl regardless of occurrence of filamentous bulking. The NaCl addition strategy suppressed the growth of principal filamentous bacterium, Meganema, and enriched the PHA producers (Paracoccus and Thauera) to reach enhanced PHA productivities of 0.244-0.298 g/L-1 d-1 for the present studied system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Ye Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Life Cycle Assessment and Energy Balance of a Novel Polyhydroxyalkanoates Production Process with Mixed Microbial Cultures Fed on Pyrolytic Products of Wastewater Treatment Sludge. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13112706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A “cradle-to-grave” life cycle assessment is performed to identify the environmental issues of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) produced through a hybrid thermochemical-biological process using anaerobically digested sewage sludge (ADSS) as feedstock. The assessment includes a measure of the energy performance of the process. The system boundary includes: (i) Sludge pyrolysis followed by volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production; (ii) PHAs-enriched biomass production using a mixed microbial culture (MMC); (iii) PHAs extraction with dimethyl carbonate; and iv) PHAs end-of-life. Three scenarios differing in the use of the syngas produced by both pyrolysis and biochar gasification, and two more scenarios differing only in the external energy sources were evaluated. Results show a trade-off between environmental impacts at global scale, such as climate change and resources depletion, and those having an effect at the local/regional scale, such as acidification, eutrophication, and toxicity. Process configurations based only on the sludge-to-PHAs route require an external energy supply, which determines the highest impacts with respect to climate change, resources depletion, and water depletion. On the contrary, process configurations also integrating the sludge-to-energy route for self-sustainment imply more onsite sludge processing and combustion; this results in the highest values of eutrophication, ecotoxicity, and human toxicity. There is not a categorical winner among the investigated configurations; however, the use of a selected mix of external renewable sources while using sludge to produce PHAs only seems the best compromise. The results are comparable to those of both other PHAs production processes found in the literature and various fossil-based and bio-based polymers, in terms of both non-biogenic GHG emissions and energy demand. Further process advancements and technology improvement in high impact stages are required to make this PHAs production process a competitive candidate for the production of biopolymers on a wide scale.
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Pereira J, Queirós D, Lemos PC, Rossetti S, Serafim LS. Enrichment of a mixed microbial culture of PHA-storing microorganisms by using fermented hardwood spent sulfite liquor. N Biotechnol 2020; 56:79-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sruamsiri D, Thayanukul P, Suwannasilp BB. In situ identification of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)-accumulating microorganisms in mixed microbial cultures under feast/famine conditions. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3752. [PMID: 32111932 PMCID: PMC7048717 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60727-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of plastic waste in the environment has become a serious environmental problem worldwide. Biodegradable plastics, such as polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), could serve as green alternatives to petroleum-based plastics. In this study, a mixed microbial culture was enriched under feast/famine conditions using a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with acetate as a carbon source. The enrichment could accumulate a maximum PHA concentration of 32.3% gPHA/g mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) in the 12th cycle of SBR operation. The microbial community in this sludge sample was analyzed using 16 S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing (MiSeq). The results showed the dominance of Proteobacteria, represented by Alphaproteobacteria (13.26% of total sequences), Betaproteobacteria (51.37% of total sequences), and Gammaproteobacteria (23.44% of total sequences). Thauera (Betaproteobacteria) had the highest relative abundance, accounting for 48.88% of the total sequences. PHA-accumulating microorganisms in the enrichment were detected using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and a fluorescent dye, Nile blue A. Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria were capable of accumulating PHA, while no Gammaproteobacteria were detected. Thauera spp. from Betaproteobacteria constituted 80.3% of the total PHA accumulating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donhatai Sruamsiri
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Parinda Thayanukul
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Benjaporn Boonchayaanant Suwannasilp
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Research Network of NANOTEC-CU (RNN), Bangkok, Thailand.
- Biotechnology for Wastewater Engineering Research Group, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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High rate selection of PHA accumulating mixed cultures in sequencing batch reactors with uncoupled carbon and nitrogen feeding. N Biotechnol 2020; 56:140-148. [PMID: 32017996 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The selection and enrichment of a mixed microbial culture (MMC) for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production is a well-known technology, typically carried out in sequencing batch reactors (SBR) operated under a feast-famine regime. With a nitrogen-deficient carbon source to be used as feedstock for PHA synthesis, a nutrient supply in the SBR is required for efficient microbial growth. In this study, an uncoupled carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) feeding strategy was adopted by dosing the C-source at the beginning of the feast and the N-source at the beginning of the famine, at a fixed C/N ratio of 33.4 g COD/g N and 12 h cycle length. The applied organic loading rate (OLR) was increased from 4.25 to 8.5 and finally to 12.725 g COD/L d. A more efficient selective pressure was maintained at lower and intermediate OLR, where the feast phase length was shorter (around 20 % of the whole cycle length). However, at the higher OLR investigated, the PHA content in the biomass reached a value of 0.53 g PHA/g VSS at the end of the feast phase, as a consequence of the increased C-source loaded per cycle. Moreover, 2nd stage PHA productivity was 2.4 g PHA/L d, 1.5 and 3.0-fold higher than those obtained at lower OLR. The results highlight the possibility of simplifying the process by withdrawing the biomass at the end of the feast phase directly to downstream processing, without a need for the intermediate accumulation step.
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Tu W, Zhang D, Wang H, Lin Z. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production from fermented thermal-hydrolyzed sludge by PHA-storing denitrifiers integrating PHA accumulation with nitrate removal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 292:121895. [PMID: 31398550 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production from fermented thermal-hydrolyzed sludge was conducted by mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) in the study. An MMC enriched in the species Brachymonas_denitrificans (60.18%) was selected under an aerobic feast/famine regime, which is capable of denitrification and accumulating PHA. To take advantage of the PHA-storing denitrifiers, an aerobic-feast/anoxic-famine regime was applied to integrate culture selection with denitrification. The results showed that cultures enriched under the regime exhibited a PHA storage capacity with PHA yield on VFA of 0.47 gCOD/gCOD and well denitrification performance achieving nitrate removal of 98%. Moreover, the aerobic-feast/anoxic-famine regime could originate a comparable maximum PHA content to the complete aerobic feast/famine regime (49.7 wt% versus. 47.1 wt%, respectively), yet reduce aeration energy input by 79% in the culture selection process. Finally, this study investigated the accumulation of nitrite and nitrous oxide during PHA based denitrification and the feasibility of integrating the process with wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Tu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Ziyu Lin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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31
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Inoue D, Fukuyama A, Ren Y, Ike M. Rapid enrichment of polyhydroxyalkanoate-accumulating bacteria by the aerobic dynamic discharge process: Enrichment effectiveness, polyhydroxyalkanoate accumulation ability, and bacterial community characteristics in comparison with the aerobic dynamic feeding process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Effects of the Organic Loading Rate on Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production from Sugarcane Stillage by Mixed Microbial Cultures. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 189:1039-1055. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Pokój T, Klimiuk E, Ciesielski S. Interactive effect of crude glycerin concentration and C:N ratio on polyhydroxyalkanoates accumulation by mixed microbial cultures modelled with Response Surface Methodology. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 156:434-444. [PMID: 30947043 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to investigate how the crude glycerin concentration and the carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ratio in the culture medium affect four indicators of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) accumulation by mixed microbial cultures (MMC): the observed coefficient of active-biomass yield (Yobs,BA), the observed coefficient of PHA yield (Yobs,PHA), the PHA content in biomass (XPHA) and the volumetric productivity (PrV). The C:N ratio had the largest effect on Yobs,BA and Yobs,PHA. When the C:N ratio was increased, Yobs,BA decreased and Yobs,PHA increased, regardless of the concentration of crude glycerin in the culture medium. The C:N ratio also had the largest effect on the PHA content, whereas volumetric productivity was strongly affected by both the C:N ratio and the crude glycerin concentration. The optimal conditions for PHA accumulation were a crude glycerin concentration of 8954 mg COD/L with a C:N ratio of 15.9 mg C/mg N-NH4, which gave a Yobs,BA of 0.29 mg CODBA/mg COD, a Yobs,PHA of 0.28 mg CODPHA/mg COD, a XPHA of 55.6% VSS and a PrV of 757.3 mg CODPHA/L⋅d (550.0 mg PHA/L⋅d). The accumulated PHAs consisted mainly of 3-hydroxybutyrate. By using RSM, it was possible to predict crude glycerin concentrations and C:N ratios not tested here that will allow desirable values of PHA content in biomass or PHA productivity, which can be useful for designing PHA production with MMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Pokój
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna Str. 45G, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Ewa Klimiuk
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna Str. 45G, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sławomir Ciesielski
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna Str. 45G, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
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Luo K, Pang Y, Yang Q, Wang D, Li X, Lei M, Huang Q. A critical review of volatile fatty acids produced from waste activated sludge: enhanced strategies and its applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:13984-13998. [PMID: 30900121 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04798-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews the recent achievements in the enhanced production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from waste activated sludge (WAS). The enhanced strategies are divided into two approaches. The first strategy focuses on the regulation of carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio by co-digestion of WAS with carbon-rich substrates, including municipal solid wastes (MSW), marine algae, agricultural residues, and animal manures. The other strategy is to enhance the solubilization and hydrolysis of WAS or inhibit the methanogenesis by applying various pretreatments, such as mechanical, chemical, enzymatic, and thermal pretreatment. Finally, the applications of WAS-derived VFAs are discussed. The future researches in enhancing VFAs production and wide application of the VFAs from both technical and economic perspectives are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Luo
- College of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Pang
- College of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Li
- College of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410003, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Lei
- College of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Huang
- College of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410003, People's Republic of China
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Cabrera F, Torres Á, Campos JL, Jeison D. Effect of Operational Conditions on the Behaviour and Associated Costs of Mixed Microbial Cultures for PHA Production. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11020191. [PMID: 30960175 PMCID: PMC6418583 DOI: 10.3390/polym11020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Massive production and disposal of petrochemical derived plastics represent relevant environmental problems. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are a renewable alternative that can even be produced from wastes. The production of PHA from acetate using mixed microbial cultures was studied. The effect of two key operational conditions was evaluated, i.e., substrate concentration and cycle length. The effects of these factors on several responses were studied using a surface response methodology. Several reactors were operated under selected conditions for at least 10 solids retention times to ensure stable operation. Results show that conditions providing higher PHA content involve lower biomass productivities. This has a great impact on biomass production costs. Results suggest then that PHA content alone may not be a reasonable criterion for determining optimal conditions for PHB production. If production costs need to be reduced, conditions that provide a lower PHA content in the selection reactor, but a higher biomass productivity may be of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Cabrera
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4780000, Chile.
| | - Álvaro Torres
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4780000, Chile.
| | - José Luis Campos
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Avda. Padre Hurtado 750, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile.
| | - David Jeison
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 2362803, Chile.
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Wen Q, Ji Y, Hao Y, Huang L, Chen Z, Sposob M. Effect of sodium chloride on polyhydroxyalkanoate production from food waste fermentation leachate under different organic loading rate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 267:133-140. [PMID: 30014991 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production integrated with anaerobic digestion is promising for food waste recycle. However, effect of salinity and high organic load in waste fermentation leachate (FWFL) on PHA production is unknown. Effects of sodium chloride (NaCl, 0, 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 g/L) and organic loading rate (OLR, 1350 and 8433 mg COD/(L·d)) on the enrichment of PHA-accumulating microorganisms and PHA accumulation using FWFL were investigated in this research. Stable operation and obvious effect were observed under lower OLR with increasing NaCl concentration, but effect of NaCl was concealed by the inhibition caused by high OLR. Paracoccus was the dominant bacteria in all treatments with NaCl. Microbial community at low OLR and 5.0 g/L NaCl had the best performance reflected by kinetic parameters. Real FWFL with different NaCl concentrations was used in batch assays to verify the optimized enrichment strategy, reaching the maximum PHA content of 33.4% at 2.5 g/L NaCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Ye Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yaru Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Long Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Michal Sposob
- University College of Southeast Norway, Kjølnes Ring 56, Porsgrunn 3918, Norway
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Impact of Organic Acids Supplementation to Hardwood Spent Sulfite Liquor as Substrate for the Selection of Polyhydroxyalkanoates-Producing Organisms. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation4030058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production process from a waste stream is determined by the selection of a suitable mixed microbial culture (MMC). In this work, a feedstock from the paper industry, hardwood spent sulfite liquor (HSSL), supplemented with short-chain organic acids (SCOAs) to simulate a fermented effluent, was used as substrate to enrich a MMC in PHA-storing microorganisms. A stable culture was quickly established, and during the accumulation step the selected MMC reached a maximum PHA content of 34.6% (3HB:3HV-76:24). The bacterial community was analyzed through FISH analysis. Bacteria belonging to the four main classes were identified: Betaproteobacteria (44.7 ± 2.7%), Alphaproteobacteria (13.6 ± 1.3%) and Gammaproteobacteria (2.40 ± 1.1%) and Bacteroidetes (9.20 ± 3.8%). Inside the Betaproteobacteria class, Acidovorax (71%) was the dominant genus.
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38
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Zeng S, Song F, Lu P, He Q, Zhang D. Improving PHA production in a SBR of coupling PHA-storing microorganism enrichment and PHA accumulation by feed-on-demand control. AMB Express 2018; 8:97. [PMID: 29896682 PMCID: PMC5997608 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0628-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
With volatile fatty acids as substrates, the typical polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production by mixed culture always includes two steps: PHA-storing culture enrichment via aerobic dynamic feeding strategy and PHA accumulation under nutrient-limited condition. To simplify the PHA-production steps, the enrichment and accumulation step were coupled in a SBR. At start-up period, to investigate the effect of settling selection, one acetate-fed SBR was operated by settling selection-double growth limitation (SS-DGL) strategy, while the other was operated by DGL strategy. The results showed that the stable operation in SBR1 was obtained at about 21, 12 days faster than SBR2, implying the settling selection accelerated the start-up process. After omitting the settling selection under the stable operation, the SBR1 was run above 15 days. The results showed that the performance was not substantial altered. Therefore, the settling selection affected the start-up process but not the stable operation. At operational period, based on the sharp decreasing of oxygen uptake rate (OUR), the poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) content was improved 13%, from 70 to 83% by feed-on-demand control-double growth limitation (FD-DGL). And the harvested volumetric productivity was 5.0 gPHB/L/day, almost 1-folder improvement. That was to say, the PHB production in a SBR of coupling the enrichment and accumulation step was improved by feed-on-demand control. Meanwhile, the FD experiment can keep steady running for 10 SRTs. Therefore, the SS-DGL/FD-DGL strategy was a promising method for PHA production.
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Bhatia SK, Bhatia RK, Choi YK, Kan E, Kim YG, Yang YH. Biotechnological potential of microbial consortia and future perspectives. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2018; 38:1209-1229. [PMID: 29764204 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2018.1471445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Design of a microbial consortium is a newly emerging field that enables researchers to extend the frontiers of biotechnology from a pure culture to mixed cultures. A microbial consortium enables microbes to use a broad range of carbon sources. It provides microbes with robustness in response to environmental stress factors. Microbes in a consortium can perform complex functions that are impossible for a single organism. With advancement of technology, it is now possible to understand microbial interaction mechanism and construct consortia. Microbial consortia can be classified in terms of their construction, modes of interaction, and functions. Here we discuss different trends in the study of microbial functions and interactions, including single-cell genomics (SCG), microfluidics, fluorescent imaging, and membrane separation. Community profile studies using polymerase chain-reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE), amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA), and terminal restriction fragment-length polymorphism (T-RFLP) are also reviewed. We also provide a few examples of their possible applications in areas of biopolymers, bioenergy, biochemicals, and bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Kant Bhatia
- a Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering , Konkuk University , Seoul , South Korea.,b Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application , Konkuk University , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Ravi Kant Bhatia
- c Department of Biotechnology , Himachal Pradesh University , Shimla , India
| | - Yong-Keun Choi
- a Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering , Konkuk University , Seoul , South Korea.,d Texas A&M AGRILIFE Research & Extension Center , Texas A&M University , Stephenville , TX , USA
| | - Eunsung Kan
- d Texas A&M AGRILIFE Research & Extension Center , Texas A&M University , Stephenville , TX , USA
| | - Yun-Gon Kim
- e Department of Chemical Engineering , Soongsil University , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- a Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering , Konkuk University , Seoul , South Korea.,b Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application , Konkuk University , Seoul , South Korea
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Lee SH, Kim JH, Chung CW, Kim DY, Rhee YH. Analysis of Medium-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoate-Producing Bacteria in Activated Sludge Samples Enriched by Aerobic Periodic Feeding. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 75:720-728. [PMID: 28993853 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-1084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of mixed microbial populations responsible for the production of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (MCL-PHAs) under periodic substrate feeding in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was conducted. Regardless of activated sludge samples and the different MCL alkanoic acids used as the sole external carbon substrate, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis indicated that Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the dominant bacterium enriched during the SBR process. Several P. aeruginosa strains were isolated from the enriched activated sludge samples. The isolates were subdivided into two groups, one that produced only MCL-PHAs and another that produced both MCL- and short-chain-length PHAs. The SBR periodic feeding experiments with five representative MCL-PHA-producing Pseudomonas species revealed that P. aeruginosa has an advantage over other species that enables it to become dominant in the bacterial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hee Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hee Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Wook Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Young Kim
- Industrial Bio-materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ha Rhee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Huang L, Chen Z, Wen Q, Zhao L, Lee DJ, Yang L, Wang Y. Insights into Feast-Famine polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)-producer selection: Microbial community succession, relationships with system function and underlying driving forces. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 131:167-176. [PMID: 29281810 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Feast-Famine (FF) process has been frequently used to select polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)-accumulating mixed cultures (MCs), but there has been little insight into the ecophysiology of the microbial community during the selection process. In three FF systems with well-defined conditions, synchronized variations in higher-order properties of MCs and complicate microbial community succession mainly including enrichment and elimination of non-top competitors and unexpected turnover of top competitors, were observed. Quantification of PHA-accumulating function genes (phaC) revealed that the top competitors maintained the PHA synthesis by playing consecutive roles when the highly dynamic turnover occurred. Due to its specific physiological characteristics during the PHA-accumulating process, Thauera strain OTU 7 was found to be responsible for the fluctuating SVI, which threatened the robustness of the FF system. This trait was also responsible for its later competitive exclusion by the other PHA-producer, Paracoccus strain OTU 1. Deterministic processes dominated the entire FF system, resulting in the inevitable microbial community succession in the acclimation phase and maintenance of the stable PHA-accumulating function in the maturation phase. However, neutral processes, likely caused by predation from bacterial phages, also occurred, which led to the unpredictable temporal dynamics of the top competitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Lizhi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Lian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Polyhydroxyalkanoate accumulation ability and associated microbial community in activated sludge-derived acetate-fed microbial cultures enriched under different temperature and pH conditions. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 125:339-345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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43
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Hao J, Wang H, Wang X. Selecting optimal feast-to-famine ratio for a new polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production system fed by valerate-dominant sludge hydrolysate. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:3133-3143. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8799-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Freches A, Lemos PC. Microbial selection strategies for polyhydroxyalkanoates production from crude glycerol: Effect of OLR and cycle length. N Biotechnol 2017; 39:22-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Koller M, Vadlja D, Braunegg G, Atlić A, Horvat P. Formal- and high-structured kinetic process modelling and footprint area analysis of binary imaged cells: Tools to understand and optimize multistage-continuous PHA biosynthesis. EUROBIOTECH JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.24190/issn2564-615x/2017/03.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Competitive polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHAs) production requires progress in microbial strain performance, feedstock selection, downstream processing, and more importantly according to the process design with process kinetics of the microbial growth phase and the phase of product formation. The multistage continuous production in a bioreactor cascade was described for the first time in a continuously operated, flexible five-stage bioreactor cascade that mimics the characteristics involved in the engineering process of tubular plug flow reactors. This process was developed and used for Cupriavidus necator-mediated PHA production at high volumetric and specific PHA productivity (up to 2.31 g/(Lh) and 0.105 g/(gh), respectively). Based on the experimental data, formal kinetic and high structured kinetic models were established, accompanied by footprint area analysis of binary imaged cells. As a result of the study, there has been an enhanced understanding of the long-term continuous PHA production under balanced, transient, and nutrient-deficient conditions that was achieved on both the micro and the macro kinetic level. It can also be concluded that there were novel insights into the complex metabolic occurrences that developed during the multistage- continuous production of PHA as a secondary metabolite. This development was essential in paving the way for further process improvement. At the same time, a new method of specific growth rate and specific production rate based on footprint area analysis was established by using the electron microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Koller
- University of Graz, Office of Research Management and Service, c/o Institute of Chemistry, NAWI Graz , Austria
- ARENA (Association for Resource Efficient and Sustainable Technologies), Graz , Austria
| | - Denis Vadlja
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Gerhart Braunegg
- ARENA (Association for Resource Efficient and Sustainable Technologies), Graz , Austria
| | - Aid Atlić
- VTU Technology GmbH, Grambach/ Graz , Austria
| | - Predrag Horvat
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Zagreb , Croatia
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Carbon recovery from wastewater through bioconversion into biodegradable polymers. N Biotechnol 2017; 37:9-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Silva F, Campanari S, Matteo S, Valentino F, Majone M, Villano M. Impact of nitrogen feeding regulation on polyhydroxyalkanoates production by mixed microbial cultures. N Biotechnol 2017; 37:90-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Strategies for efficiently selecting PHA producing mixed microbial cultures using complex feedstocks: Feast and famine regime and uncoupled carbon and nitrogen availabilities. N Biotechnol 2017; 37:69-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Recent Advances and Challenges towards Sustainable Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Production. Bioengineering (Basel) 2017; 4:bioengineering4020055. [PMID: 28952534 PMCID: PMC5590474 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering4020055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustainable biofuels, biomaterials, and fine chemicals production is a critical matter that research teams around the globe are focusing on nowadays. Polyhydroxyalkanoates represent one of the biomaterials of the future due to their physicochemical properties, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. Designing efficient and economic bioprocesses, combined with the respective social and environmental benefits, has brought together scientists from different backgrounds highlighting the multidisciplinary character of such a venture. In the current review, challenges and opportunities regarding polyhydroxyalkanoate production are presented and discussed, covering key steps of their overall production process by applying pure and mixed culture biotechnology, from raw bioprocess development to downstream processing.
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Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production on Waste Water Treatment Plants: Process Scheme, Operating Conditions and Potential Analysis for German and European Municipal Waste Water Treatment Plants. Bioengineering (Basel) 2017; 4:bioengineering4020054. [PMID: 28952533 PMCID: PMC5590461 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering4020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This work describes the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) as a side stream process on a municipal waste water treatment plant (WWTP) and a subsequent analysis of the production potential in Germany and the European Union (EU). Therefore, tests with different types of sludge from a WWTP were investigated regarding their volatile fatty acids (VFA) production-potential. Afterwards, primary sludge was used as substrate to test a series of operating conditions (temperature, pH, retention time (RT) and withdrawal (WD)) in order to find suitable settings for a high and stable VFA production. In a second step, various tests regarding a high PHA production and stable PHA composition to determine the influence of substrate concentration, temperature, pH and cycle time of an installed feast/famine-regime were conducted. Experiments with a semi-continuous reactor operation showed that a short RT of 4 days and a small WD of 25% at pH = 6 and around 30 °C is preferable for a high VFA production rate (PR) of 1913 mgVFA/(L×d) and a stable VFA composition. A high PHA production up to 28.4% of cell dry weight (CDW) was reached at lower substrate concentration, 20 °C, neutral pH-value and a 24 h cycle time. A final step a potential analysis, based on the results and detailed data from German waste water treatment plants, showed that the theoretically possible production of biopolymers in Germany amounts to more than 19% of the 2016 worldwide biopolymer production. In addition, a profound estimation regarding the EU showed that in theory about 120% of the worldwide biopolymer production (in 2016) could be produced on European waste water treatment plants.
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