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Kim YJ, Hong H, Yun J, Kim SI, Jung HY, Ryu W. Photosynthetic Nanomaterial Hybrids for Bioelectricity and Renewable Energy Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005919. [PMID: 33236450 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Harvesting solar energy in the form of electricity from the photosynthesis of plants, algal cells, and bacteria has been researched as the most environment-friendly renewable energy technology in the last decade. The primary challenge has been the engineering of electrochemical interfacing with photosynthetic apparatuses, organelles, or whole cells. However, with the aid of low-dimensional nanomaterials, there have been many advances, including enhanced photon absorption, increased generation of photosynthetic electrons (PEs), and more efficient transfer of PEs to electrodes. These advances have demonstrated the possibility for the technology to advance to a new level. In this article, the fundamentals of photosynthesis are introduced. How PE harvesting systems have improved concerning solar energy absorption, PE production, and PE collection by electrodes is discussed. The review focuses on how different kinds of nanomaterials are applied and function in interfacing with photosynthetic materials for enhanced PE harvesting. Finally, the review analyzes how the performance of PE harvesting and stand-alone systems have evolved so far and its future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jae Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Hyeonaug Hong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - JaeHyoung Yun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Seon Il Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Ho Yun Jung
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - WonHyoung Ryu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
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Tüney Kızılkaya İ, Unal D. Effects of Nitrate toxicity on free Proline accumulation, chlorophyll degradation and photosynthetic efficiency in Chlorella vulgaris Beyerinck [Beijerinck]. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2018. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.471036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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The Acceptor Side of Photosystem II Is the Initial Target of Nitrite Stress in Synechocystis sp. Strain PCC 6803. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017; 83:AEM.02952-16. [PMID: 27864175 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02952-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrite, a common form of inorganic nitrogen (N), can be used as a nitrogen source through N assimilation. However, high levels of nitrite depress photosynthesis in various organisms. In this study, we investigated which components of the photosynthetic electron transfer chain are targeted by nitrite stress in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 cells. Measurements of whole-chain and photosystem II (PSII)-mediated electron transport activities revealed that high levels of nitrite primarily impair electron flow in PSII. Changes in PSII activity in response to nitrite stress occurred in two distinct phases. During the first phase, which occurred in the first 3 h of nitrite treatment, electron transfer from the primary quinone acceptor (QA) to the secondary quinone acceptor (QB) was retarded, as indicated by chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence induction, S-state distribution, and QA- reoxidation tests. In the second phase, which occurred after 6 h of nitrite exposure, the reaction center was inactivated and the donor side of photosystem II was inhibited, as revealed by changes in Chl fluorescence parameters and thermoluminescence and by immunoblot analysis. Our data suggest that nitrite stress is highly damaging to PSII and disrupts PSII activity by a stepwise mechanism in which the acceptor side is the initial target. IMPORTANCE In our previous studies, an alga-based technology was proposed to fix the large amounts of nitrite that are released from NOX-rich flue gases and proved to be a promising industrial strategy for flue gas NOX bioremediation (W. Chen et al., Environ Sci Technol 50:1620-1627, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b04696; X. Zhang et al., Environ Sci Technol 48:10497-10504, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1021/es5013824). However, the toxic effects of high concentrations of nitrite on algal cells remain obscure. The analysis of growth rates, photochemistry, and protein profiles in our study provides important evidence that the inhibition by nitrite occurs in two phases: in the first phase, electron transfer between QA- and QB is retarded, whereas in the second, the donor side of PSII is affected. This is an excellent example of investigating the "early" inhibitory effects (i.e., within the first 6 h) on the PSII electron transfer chain in vivo This paper provides novel insights into the mechanisms of nitrite inhibition of photosynthesis in an oxygenic phototrophic cyanobacterium.
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Chen W, Tong H, Liu H. Effects of nitrate on nitrite toxicity to Microcystis aeruginosa. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2012; 64:1106-1111. [PMID: 22551851 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2011] [Revised: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nitrate on nitrite toxicity to Microcystis aeruginosa. Short-term uptake experiment revealed nitrate could depress the nitrite active uptake. The long-term experiment of nitrate effects on nitrite toxicity showed a negative relationship between the growth and intracellular nitrite levels of M. aeruginosa. The net nitrite uptake displayed a decline in the range of 0-150 mg NO(3)(-)-NL(-1) and an elevation at 200mg NO(3)(-)-NL(-1), whereas the activities of nitrate reductase (NR) were more sensitive to nitrate than nitrite reductase (NiR). As a result, the total intracellular nitrite levels tended to decrease up to 100 mg NO(3)(-)-NL(-1) then increased at 150-200 mg NO(3)(-)-NL(-1). These results suggested the existence of external nitrate could affect the toxicity of nitrite to alga through changing intracellular nitrite content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Chen
- College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, PR China.
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Bhalla V, Zazubovich V. Self-assembly and sensor response of photosynthetic reaction centers on screen-printed electrodes. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 707:184-90. [PMID: 22027137 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Revised: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Photosynthetic reaction centers were immobilized onto gold screen-printed electrodes (Au-SPEs) using a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) which was deliberately defective in order to achieve effective mediator transfer to the electrodes. The pure Photosystem II (PS II) cores from spinach immobilize onto the electrodes very efficiently but fair badly in terms of photocurrent response (measured using duroquinone as the redox mediator). The cruder preparation of PS II known as BBY particles performs significantly better under the same experimental conditions and shows a photocurrent response of 20-35 nA (depending on preparation) per screen-printed electrode surface (12.5mm(2)). The data was corroborated using AFM, showing that in the case of BBY particles a defective biolayer is indeed formed, with grooves spanning the whole thickness of the layer enhancing the possibility of mass transfer to the electrodes and enabling biosensing. In comparison, the PS II core layer showed ultra-dense organization, with additional formation of aggregates on top of the single protein layer, thus blocking mediator access to the electrodes and/or binding sites. The defective monolayer biosensor with BBY particles was successfully applied for the detection of photosynthesis inhibitors, demonstrating that the inhibitor binding site remained accessible to both the inhibitor and the external redox mediator. Biosensing was demonstrated using picric acid and atrazine. The detection limits were 1.15 nM for atrazine and 157 nM for picric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayender Bhalla
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Micro-algal biosensors. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 401:581-97. [PMID: 21626188 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Fighting against water pollution requires the ability to detect pollutants for example herbicides or heavy metals. Micro-algae that live in marine and fresh water offer a versatile solution for the construction of novel biosensors. These photosynthetic microorganisms are very sensitive to changes in their environment, enabling the detection of traces of pollutants. Three groups of micro-algae are described in this paper: chlorophyta, cyanobacteria, and diatoms.
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Barthelmebs L, Carpentier R, Rouillon R. Physical and chemical immobilization methods of photosynthetic materials. Methods Mol Biol 2011; 684:247-256. [PMID: 20960134 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-925-3_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Isolated photosynthetic materials have a relatively short active life time that limits their effective use. To circumvent this limitation, various immobilization techniques have been designed to improve their stability both under storage and working conditions. The immobilization methods are identified either as chemical or physical procedures depending on whether covalent bonds are established or not. In this chapter, two immobilization methods frequently used are described: a physical one based on the entrapment of photosynthetic materials in photo-crosslinkable poly(vinylalcohol) polymer bearing styrylpyridinium groups (PVA-SbQ) and a chemical one where the photosynthetic materials are immobilized by coreticulation in an albumin-glutaraldehyde cross-linked matrix (BSA-Glu). Different immobilization procedures in relation with various photosynthetic materials are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Barthelmebs
- Centre de Phytopharmacie, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan, France
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Plant tissue-and photosynthesis-based biosensors. Biotechnol Adv 2008; 26:370-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2008.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Revised: 03/04/2008] [Accepted: 04/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Bettaieb F, Ponsonnet L, Lejeune P, Ouada HB, Martelet C, Bakhrouf A, Jaffrézic-Renault N, Othmane A. Immobilization of E. coli bacteria in three-dimensional matrices for ISFET biosensor design. Bioelectrochemistry 2007; 71:118-25. [PMID: 17398167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2007.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2006] [Revised: 02/17/2007] [Accepted: 02/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, cell-based biosensors (CBBs) have been very useful in biomedicine, food industry, environmental monitoring and pharmaceutical screening. They constitute an economical substitute for enzymatic biosensors, but cell immobilization remains a limitation in this technology. To investigate into the potential applications of cell-based biosensors, we describe an electrochemical system based on a microbial biosensor using an Escherichia coli K-12 derivative as a primary transducer to detect biologically active agents. pH variations were recorded by an ion-sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) sensor on bacteria immobilized in agarose gels. The ISFET device was directly introduced in 100 ml of this mixture or in a miniaturized system using a dialysis membrane that contains 1 ml of the same mixture. The bacterial activity could be detected for several days. The extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) was analyzed with or without the addition of a culture medium or an antibiotic solution. At first, the microorganisms acidified their micro-environment and then they alkalinized it. These two phases were attributed to an apparent substrate preference of bacteria. Cell treatment with an inhibitor or an activator of their metabolism was then monitored and streptomycin effect was tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bettaieb
- CEGELY, UMR-CNRS 5005, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 69134 Ecully Cedex, France
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Breton F, Rouillon R, Piletska EV, Karim K, Guerreiro A, Chianella I, Piletsky SA. Virtual imprinting as a tool to design efficient MIPs for photosynthesis-inhibiting herbicides. Biosens Bioelectron 2007; 22:1948-54. [PMID: 16996731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2006.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2006] [Revised: 07/14/2006] [Accepted: 08/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Molecular modelling and computational screening were used to identify functional monomers capable of interacting with several different photosynthesis-inhibiting herbicides. The process involved the design of a virtual library of molecular models of functional monomers containing polymerizable residues and residues able to interact with the template through electrostatic, hydrophobic, Van der Waals forces and dipole-dipole interactions. Each of the entries in the virtual library was probed for its possible interactions with molecular models of the template molecules. It was anticipated that the monomers giving the highest binding score would represent good candidates for the preparation of affinity polymers. Strong interactions were computationally determined between acidic functional monomers like methacrylic acid (MAA) or itaconic acid (IA) with triazines, and between vinylimidazole with bentazone and bromoxynil. Nevertheless, weaker interactions were seen with phenylureas. The corresponding blank polymers were prepared using the selected monomers and tested in the solid phase extraction (SPE) of herbicides from chloroform solutions. A good correlation was found between the binding score of the monomers and the affinities of the corresponding polymers. The use of computationally designed blanks can potentially eliminate the need for molecular imprinting, (adding a template to the monomer mixture to create specific binding sites). Data also showed that some monomers have a natural selectivity for some herbicides, which can be further enhanced by imprinting. Thus, in regard to retention on the blank polymer, we can estimate if the resulting imprinted polymer will be effective or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Breton
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Phytopharmacie, Equipe Biomem, 52 av Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan, France
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Integration of photosynthetic biosensor with molecularly imprinted polymer-based solid phase extraction cartridge. Anal Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Touloupakis E, Giannoudi L, Piletsky SA, Guzzella L, Pozzoni F, Giardi MT. A multi-biosensor based on immobilized Photosystem II on screen-printed electrodes for the detection of herbicides in river water. Biosens Bioelectron 2005; 20:1984-92. [PMID: 15741067 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2004.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2004] [Revised: 08/25/2004] [Accepted: 08/25/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A multi-biosensor for detection of herbicides and pollutants was constructed using various photosynthetic preparations as biosensing elements. The photosynthetic thylakoid from Spinacia oleracea L., Senecio vulgaris and its mutant resistant to atrazine were immobilized with (BSA-GA) on the surface of screen-printed sensors composed of a graphite-working electrode and Ag/AgCl reference electrode deposited on a polymeric substrate. The biosensor was composed of four flow cells with independent illumination of 650 nm to activate electron transfer in Photosystem II. The principle of the detection was based on the fact that herbicides selectively block electron transport activity in a concentration-dependent manner and that the four PSII biomediators show differential recognition activity toward herbicides. Changes of the activity were registered amperometrically as rate of photoreduction of the artificial electron acceptor DQ. The setup resulted in a reusable herbicide multibiosensor with a good stability (half-life of 16.7 h for spinach thylakoids) and limit of detection of about 10(-8) M for herbicides recovered in spring in river.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Touloupakis
- Institute of Crystallography (Section of IC-Bari), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), via Salaria km 29.300-00016, Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy
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Giardi MT, Guzzella L, Euzet P, Rouillon R, Esposito D. Detection of herbicide subclasses by an optical multibiosensor based on an array of photosystem II mutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2005; 39:5378-84. [PMID: 16082969 DOI: 10.1021/es040511b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Massive use of herbicides in agriculture over the last few decades has become a serious environmental problem. The residual concentration of these compounds frequently exceeds the maximum admissible concentration in drinking water for human consumption and is a real environmental risk for the aquatic ecosystem. Herbicides inhibiting photosynthesis via targeting photosystem II function still represent the basic means of weed control. A multibiosensor was constructed for detecting herbicides using as biosensing elements photosynthetic preparations coupled to an optical fluorescence transduction system (Giardi et al. EU patent EP1134585, 01830148.1-2204); this paper is about its application in the detection of herbicide subclasses in river water. Photosynthetic material was immobilized on a silicio septum inside a series of flow cells, close to diodes so as to activate photosystem II (PSII) fluorescence. The principle of the detection was based on the factthat herbicides selectively modify PSII fluorescence activity. The multibiosensor has the original feature of being able to distinguish the subclasses of the photosynthetic herbicides by using specific immobilized biomediators isolated from mutated organisms. This setup resulted in a reusable, portable multibiosensor for the detection of herbicide subclasses with a half-life of 54 h for spinach thylakoids and limit of detection of 3 x 10(-9) M for herbicides present in river water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Giardi
- Institute of Crystallography, Department of Molecular Design and Nanotechnology, CNR, Area of Research of Rome, Via Salaria Km 29, 3-Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy.
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A crosslinked matrix of thylakoids coupled to the fluorescence transducer in order to detect herbicides. Anal Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2005.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Shao CY, Howe CJ, Porter AJR, Glover LA. Novel cyanobacterial biosensor for detection of herbicides. Appl Environ Microbiol 2002; 68:5026-33. [PMID: 12324353 PMCID: PMC126403 DOI: 10.1128/aem.68.10.5026-5033.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2002] [Accepted: 07/22/2002] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to generate a cyanobacterial biosensor that could be used to detect herbicides and other environmental pollutants. A representative freshwater cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803, was chromosomally marked with the luciferase gene luc (from the firefly Photinus pyralis) to create a novel bioluminescent cyanobacterial strain. Successful expression of the luc gene during growth of Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 cultures was characterized by measuring optical density and bioluminescence. Bioluminescence was optimized with regard to uptake of the luciferase substrate, luciferin, and the physiology of the cyanobacterium. Bioassays demonstrated that a novel luminescent cyanobacterial biosensor has been developed which responded to a range of compounds including different herbicide types and other toxins. This biosensor is expected to provide new opportunities for the rapid screening of environmental samples or for the investigation of potential environmental damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Shao
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Abedeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
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Koblízek M, Malý J, Masojídek J, Komenda J, Kucera T, Giardi MT, Mattoo AK, Pilloton R. A biosensor for the detection of triazine and phenylurea herbicides designed using Photosystem II coupled to a screen-printed electrode. Biotechnol Bioeng 2002; 78:110-6. [PMID: 11857287 DOI: 10.1002/bit.10190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A biosensor for the detection of triazine- and phenylurea-type herbicides was constructed using isolated Photosystem II (PS II) complexes as a biosensing element. PSII isolated from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus was immobilized on the surface of a screen-printed sensor composed of a graphite working electrode and Ag/AgCl reference electrode deposited on a polymeric substrate. The biosensor was mounted in a flow microcell with illumination. The principle of the detection was based on the fact that herbicides selectively block PSII electron transport activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Changes of the activity were registered amperometrically as the rate of photoreduction of an artificial electron acceptor. The setup resulted in a reusable herbicide biosensor with a good stability (half-life of 24 h) and limit of detection of approximately 10(-9) M for diuron, atrazine and simazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Koblízek
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, 379 81 Trebon, Czech Republic.
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Giardi MT, Koblízek M, Masojídek J. Photosystem II-based biosensors for the detection of pollutants. Biosens Bioelectron 2001; 16:1027-33. [PMID: 11679285 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(01)00197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) is the supramolecular pigment-protein complex in the chloroplast, which catalyses the light-induced transfer of electrons from water to plastoquinone (PQ) in a process that evolves oxygen. The PSII complex is also known to bind some groups of (photosynthetic) herbicides, heavy metals and other chemical substances that affect its activity. The objective of this study is to provide an overview of the systems available for the bioassay of pollutants using biosensors that are based on the photochemical activity of PSII. Some applications of the PSII-based biosensors including herbicide, heavy metal monitoring and the detection of radiation in space experiments are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Giardi
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Ecophysiology, CNR, Via Salaria Km 29.3, 00016 Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy.
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Abstract
A microbial biosensor consists of a transducer in conjunction with immobilised viable or non-viable microbial cells. Non-viable cells obtained after permeabilisation or whole cells containing periplasmic enzymes have mostly been used as an economical substitute for enzymes. Viable cells make use of the respiratory and metabolic functions of the cell, the analyte to be monitored being either a substrate or an inhibitor of these processes. Bioluminescence-based microbial biosensors have also been developed using genetically engineered microorganisms constructed by fusing the lux gene with an inducible gene promoter for toxicity and bioavailability testing. In this review, some of the recent trends in microbial biosensors with reference to the advantages and limitations are been discussed. Some of the recent applications of microbial biosensors in environmental monitoring and for use in food, fermentation and allied fields have been reviewed. Prospective future microbial biosensor designs have also been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F D'Souza
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India.
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Comparative study of thylakoid membranes sensitivity for herbicide detection after physical or chemical immobilization. Enzyme Microb Technol 2000; 26:332-336. [PMID: 10713204 DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(99)00174-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A micro-test using immobilized thylakoid membranes as sensing element in a micro-electrochemical cell has been developed to assess impairment at the level of the light-driven transport of electrons. In this study, thylakoids isolated from spinach leaves were either immobilized by entrapment in poly(vinylalcohol) bearing styrylpyridinium groups or by chemical immobilization in an albumin-glutaraldehyde crosslinked matrix. The two immobilization procedures were compared upon the sensitivity of the immobilized materials to detect nine herbicides targetting photosystem II. Despite the largely differing mode of immobilization, the procedures led to strikingly similar detection capabilities for herbicides. Inherent characteristics of both immobilization procedures are also discussed.
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A photoelectrochemical cell for detecting pollutant-induced effects on the activity of immobilized cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942. Enzyme Microb Technol 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(99)00033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Koblizek M, Masojidek J, Komenda J, Kucera T, Pilloton R, Mattoo AK, Giardi MT. A sensitive photosystem II-based biosensor for detection of a class of herbicides. Biotechnol Bioeng 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19981220)60:6<664::aid-bit3>3.0.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Supponeva E, Hotchandani S, Carpentier R. Characterization of the Photosynthetic Activity of Platinized Chloroplasts: A Study Using Fluorescence and Photoacoustic Techniques. Photochem Photobiol 1996. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1996.tb09639.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rouillon R, Mestres JJ, Marty JL. Entrapment of chloroplasts and thylakoids in polyvinylalcohol-SbQ. Optimization of membrane preparation and storage conditions. Anal Chim Acta 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0003-2670(95)00031-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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