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Malebo K, Woodward J, Ximba P, Mkhize Q, Cingo S, Moyo-Gwete T, Moore PL, Williamson AL, Chapman R. Development of a Two-Component Nanoparticle Vaccine Displaying an HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein that Elicits Tier 2 Neutralising Antibodies. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:1063. [PMID: 39340093 PMCID: PMC11436023 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12091063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite treatment and other interventions, an effective prophylactic HIV vaccine is still an essential goal in the control of HIV. Inducing robust and long-lasting antibody responses is one of the main targets of an HIV vaccine. The delivery of HIV envelope glycoproteins (Env) using nanoparticle (NP) platforms has been shown to elicit better immunogenicity than soluble HIV Env. In this paper, we describe the development of a nanoparticle-based vaccine decorated with HIV Env using the SpyCatcher/SpyTag system. The Env utilised in this study, CAP255, was derived from a transmitted founder virus isolated from a patient who developed broadly neutralising antibodies. Negative stain and cryo-electron microscopy analyses confirmed the assembly and stability of the mi3 into uniform icosahedral NPs surrounded by regularly spaced CAP255 gp140 Env trimers. A three-dimensional reconstruction of CAP255 gp140 SpyTag-SpyCatcher mi3 clearly showed Env trimers projecting from the centre of each of the pentagonal dodecahedral faces of the NP. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the formation of SpyCatcher pentamers on the dodecahedral faces of mi3 NPs. To investigate the immunogenicity, rabbits were primed with two doses of DNA vaccines expressing the CAP255 gp150 and a mosaic subtype C Gag and boosted with three doses of the NP-developed autologous Tier 2 CAP255 neutralising antibodies (Nabs) and low levels of heterologous CAP256SU NAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kegomoditswe Malebo
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Jeremy Woodward
- Electron Microscope Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Phindile Ximba
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Qiniso Mkhize
- MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg 2192, South Africa
| | - Sanele Cingo
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Thandeka Moyo-Gwete
- MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg 2192, South Africa
| | - Penny L. Moore
- MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg 2192, South Africa
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Anna-Lise Williamson
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Rosamund Chapman
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
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Martinez DR, Schäfer A, Gavitt TD, Mallory ML, Lee E, Catanzaro NJ, Chen H, Gully K, Scobey T, Korategere P, Brown A, Smith L, Parks R, Barr M, Newman A, Bowman C, Powers JM, Soderblom EJ, Mansouri K, Edwards RJ, Baric RS, Haynes BF, Saunders KO. Vaccine-mediated protection against Merbecovirus and Sarbecovirus challenge in mice. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113248. [PMID: 37858337 PMCID: PMC10842144 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of three highly pathogenic human coronaviruses-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2003, Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV in 2012, and SARS-CoV-2 in 2019-underlines the need to develop broadly active vaccines against the Merbecovirus and Sarbecovirus betacoronavirus subgenera. While SARS-CoV-2 vaccines protect against severe COVID-19, they do not protect against other sarbecoviruses or merbecoviruses. Here, we vaccinate mice with a trivalent sortase-conjugate nanoparticle (scNP) vaccine containing the SARS-CoV-2, RsSHC014, and MERS-CoV receptor-binding domains (RBDs), which elicited live-virus neutralizing antibody responses. The trivalent RBD scNP elicited serum neutralizing antibodies against bat zoonotic Wuhan Institute of Virology-1 (WIV-1)-CoV, SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 BA.1, SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5, and MERS-CoV live viruses. The monovalent SARS-CoV-2 RBD scNP vaccine only protected against Sarbecovirus challenge, whereas the trivalent RBD scNP vaccine protected against both Merbecovirus and Sarbecovirus challenge in highly pathogenic and lethal mouse models. This study demonstrates proof of concept for a single pan-sarbecovirus/pan-merbecovirus vaccine that protects against three highly pathogenic human coronaviruses spanning two betacoronavirus subgenera.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Martinez
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| | - Alexandra Schäfer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Tyler D Gavitt
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Michael L Mallory
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Esther Lee
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nicholas J Catanzaro
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kendra Gully
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Trevor Scobey
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Pooja Korategere
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Alecia Brown
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Lena Smith
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Robert Parks
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Maggie Barr
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Amanda Newman
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Cindy Bowman
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - John M Powers
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Erik J Soderblom
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Katayoun Mansouri
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Robert J Edwards
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Kevin O Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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3
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Luo H, Ma Y, Ren Y, Li Z, Sheng Y, Wang Y, Su Z, Bi J, Zhang S. Study of self-assembling properties of HBc-VLP derivatives aided by molecular dynamic simulations from a thermodynamic perspective. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37908124 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2273438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembling protein nanoparticles showed promise for vaccine design due to efficient antigen presentations and safety. However, the unpredictable formations of epitopes-fused protein assemblies remain challenging in the upstream design. This study suggests employing molecular dynamic (MD) simulations to investigate the assembly properties of Hepatitis B core protein (HBc) from thermodynamic perspectives. Eight HBc derivatives were expressed in E. coli, with their self-assembly properties characterised by high-performance liquid chromatography and transmission electron microscopy. MD simulations on the dimers, based on AlphaFold-predicted 3D structures, analysed the derivative at the atomic level. Results revealed that HBc derivatives can form dissociative polymers or large multi-subunit structures due to assembly failures. The instability of the dimer in aqueous solvents or inappropriate intradimer distances could cause major assembly failures. Polar solvation energies played a vital role too in forming assemble-incompetent dimers. Importantly, our study demonstrated that MD simulations on dimers can provide preliminary predictions on the assembly properties of HBc derivatives, thus aiding vaccine design by lowering the risk of self-assembling failures in engineered proteins.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Luo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, Engineering and Technology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, PR China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ying Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhengjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yanan Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yingli Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, PR China
| | - Zhiguo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jingxiu Bi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, Engineering and Technology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Songping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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Setyo Utomo DI, Suhaimi H, Muhammad Azami NA, Azmi F, Mohd Amin MCI, Xu J. An Overview of Recent Developments in the Application of Antigen Displaying Vaccine Platforms: Hints for Future SARS-CoV-2 VLP Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1506. [PMID: 37766182 PMCID: PMC10536610 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11091506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, a great effort has been devoted to studying attenuated and subunit vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2 since its outbreak in December 2019. It is known that diverse virus-like particles (VLPs) are extensively employed as carriers to display various antigenic and immunostimulatory cargo modules for vaccine development. Single or multiple antigens or antigenic domains such as the spike or nucleocapsid protein or their variants from SARS-CoV-2 could also be incorporated into VLPs via either a genetic or chemical display approach. Such antigen display platforms would help screen safer and more effective vaccine candidates capable of generating a strong immune response with or without adjuvant. This review aims to provide valuable insights for the future development of SARS-CoV-2 VLP vaccines by summarizing the latest updates and perspectives on the vaccine development of VLP platforms for genetic and chemical displaying antigens from SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doddy Irawan Setyo Utomo
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drug, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Gedung 611, LAPTIAB, KST Habibie, Serpong, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia;
| | - Hamizah Suhaimi
- Centre of Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (H.S.); (F.A.); (M.C.I.M.A.)
| | - Nor Azila Muhammad Azami
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Fazren Azmi
- Centre of Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (H.S.); (F.A.); (M.C.I.M.A.)
| | - Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
- Centre of Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (H.S.); (F.A.); (M.C.I.M.A.)
| | - Jian Xu
- Laboratory of Biology and Information Science, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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5
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Curtis NC, Shin S, Hederman AP, Connor RI, Wieland-Alter WF, Ionov S, Boylston J, Rose J, Sakharkar M, Dorman DB, Dessaint JA, Gwilt LL, Crowley AR, Feldman J, Hauser BM, Schmidt AG, Ashare A, Walker LM, Wright PF, Ackerman ME, Lee J. Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Convalescent Patients' Serological Repertoire Reveals High Prevalence of Iso-RBD Antibodies. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.08.556349. [PMID: 37745524 PMCID: PMC10515772 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.08.556349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
While our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and antibody responses following infection and vaccination has improved tremendously since the outbreak in 2019, the sequence identities and relative abundances of the individual constituent antibody molecules in circulation remain understudied. Using Ig-Seq, we proteomically profiled the serological repertoire specific to the whole ectodomain of SARS-CoV-2 prefusion-stabilized spike (S) as well as to the receptor binding domain (RBD) over a 6-month period in four subjects following SARS-CoV-2 infection before SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were available. In each individual, we identified between 59 and 167 unique IgG clonotypes in serum. To our surprise, we discovered that ∼50% of serum IgG specific for RBD did not recognize prefusion-stabilized S (referred to as iso-RBD antibodies), suggesting that a significant fraction of serum IgG targets epitopes on RBD inaccessible on the prefusion-stabilized conformation of S. On the other hand, the abundance of iso-RBD antibodies in nine individuals who received mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines encoding prefusion-stabilized S was significantly lower (∼8%). We expressed a panel of 12 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that were abundantly present in serum from two SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals, and their binding specificities to prefusion-stabilized S and RBD were all in agreement with the binding specificities assigned based on the proteomics data, including 1 iso-RBD mAb which bound to RBD but not to prefusion-stabilized S. 2 of 12 mAbs demonstrated neutralizing activity, while other mAbs were non-neutralizing. 11 of 12 mAbs also bound to S (B.1.351), but only 1 maintained binding to S (B.1.1.529). This particular mAb binding to S (B.1.1.529) 1) represented an antibody lineage that comprised 43% of the individual's total S-reactive serum IgG binding titer 6 months post-infection, 2) bound to the S from a related human coronavirus, HKU1, and 3) had a high somatic hypermutation level (10.9%), suggesting that this antibody lineage likely had been elicited previously by pre-pandemic coronavirus and was re-activated following the SARS-CoV-2 infection. All 12 mAbs demonstrated their ability to engage in Fc-mediated effector function activities. Collectively, our study provides a quantitative overview of the serological repertoire following SARS-CoV-2 infection and the significant contribution of iso-RBD antibodies, demonstrating how vaccination strategies involving prefusion-stabilized S may have reduced the elicitation of iso-RBD serum antibodies which are unlikely to contribute to protection.
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6
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Pendyala G, Calvo‐Calle JM, Moreno A, Kane RS. A multivalent Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein-based nanoparticle malaria vaccine elicits a robust and durable antibody response against the junctional epitope and the major repeats. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10514. [PMID: 37476056 PMCID: PMC10354751 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria continues to cause considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. The circumsporozoite protein (CSP) is a particularly attractive candidate for designing vaccines that target sporozoites-the first vertebrate stage in a malaria infection. Current PfCSP-based vaccines, however, do not include epitopes that have recently been shown to be the target of potent neutralizing antibodies. We report the design of a SpyCatcher-mi3-nanoparticle-based vaccine presenting multiple copies of a chimeric PfCSP (cPfCSP) antigen that incorporates these important "T1/junctional" epitopes as well as a reduced number of (NANP)n repeats. cPfCSP-SpyCatcher-mi3 was immunogenic in mice eliciting high and durable IgG antibody levels as well as a balanced antibody response against the T1/junctional region and the (NANP)n repeats. Notably, the antibody concentration elicited by immunization was significantly greater than the reported protective threshold defined in a murine challenge model. Refocusing the immune response toward functionally relevant subdominant epitopes to induce a more balanced and durable immune response may enable the design of a more effective second generation PfCSP-based vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetanjali Pendyala
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgia30332USA
| | - J. Mauricio Calvo‐Calle
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusetts01655USA
| | - Alberto Moreno
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory National Primate Research CenterEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgia30329USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of MedicineEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgia30303USA
| | - Ravi S. Kane
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgia30332USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgia30332USA
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7
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Sheng Y, Li Z, Lin X, Ma Y, Ren Y, Su Z, Ma G, Zhang S. The position of Spy Tag/Catcher system in hepatitis B core protein particles affects the immunogenicity and stability of the synthetic vaccine. Vaccine 2023:S0264-410X(23)00759-4. [PMID: 37391312 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Presenting exogenous antigens on virus-like particles (VLPs) through "plug-and-display" decoration strategies based on SpyTag/SpyCatcher isopeptide bonding have emerged as attractive technology for vaccine synthesis. However, whether the position of ligation site in VLPs will impose effects on immunogenicity and physiochemical properties of the synthetic vaccine remains rarely investigated. Here in the present work, the well-established hepatitis B core (HBc) protein was used as chassis to construct dual-antigen influenza nanovaccines, with the conserved epitope peptides derived from extracellular domain of matrix protein M2 (M2e) and hemagglutinin (HA) as target antigens. The M2e antigen was genetically fused to the HBc in the MIR region, together with the SpyTag peptide, which was fused either in the MIR region or at the N-terminal of the protein, so that a recombinant HA antigen (rHA) linked to SpyCatcher can be displayed on it, at two different localizations. Both synthetic nanovaccines showed ability in inducing strong M2e and rHA-specific antibodies and cellular immunogenicity; nevertheless, the one in which rHA was conjugated by N-terminal Tag ligation, was superior to another one synthesized by linking the rHA to MIR region SpyTagged-HBc in all aspects, including higher antigen-specific immunogenicity responses, lower anti-HBc carrier antibody, as well as better dispersion stability. Surface charge and hydrophobicity properties of the two synthetic nanovaccines were analyzed, results revealed that linking the rHA to MIR region SpyTagged-HBc lead to more significant and disadvantageous alteration in physiochemical properties of the HBc chassis. This study will expand our knowledge on "plug-and-display" decoration strategies and provide helpful guidance for the rational design of HBc-VLPs based modular vaccines by using SpyTag/Catcher synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhengjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ying Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiguo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Guanghui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Songping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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8
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Wang D, Yuan Y, Liu B, Epstein ND, Yang Y. Protein-based nano-vaccines against SARS-CoV-2: Current design strategies and advances of candidate vaccines. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123979. [PMID: 36907305 PMCID: PMC9998285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has shaken the global health system. Various nanotechnology-based strategies for vaccine development have played pivotal roles in fighting against SARS-CoV-2. Among them, the safe and effective protein-based nanoparticle (NP) platforms display a highly repetitive array of foreign antigens on their surface, which is urgent for improving the immunogenicity of vaccines. These platforms greatly improved antigen uptake by antigen presenting cells (APCs), lymph node trafficking, and B cell activation, due to the optimal size, multivalence, and versatility of NPs. In this review, we summarize the advances of protein-based NP platforms, strategies of antigen attachment, and the current progress of clinical and preclinical trials in the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines based on protein-based NP platforms. Importantly, the lessons learnt and design approaches developed for these NP platforms against SARS-CoV-2 also provide insights into the development of protein-based NP strategies for preventing other epidemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Youqing Yuan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Neal D Epstein
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yi Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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9
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Kim SA, Lee Y, Ko Y, Kim S, Kim GB, Lee NK, Ahn W, Kim N, Nam GH, Lee EJ, Kim IS. Protein-based nanocages for vaccine development. J Control Release 2023; 353:767-791. [PMID: 36516900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Protein nanocages have attracted considerable attention in various fields of nanomedicine due to their intrinsic properties, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, high structural stability, and ease of modification of their surfaces and inner cavities. In vaccine development, these protein nanocages are suited for efficient targeting to and retention in the lymph nodes and can enhance immunogenicity through various mechanisms, including excellent uptake by antigen-presenting cells and crosslinking with multiple B cell receptors. This review highlights the superiority of protein nanocages as antigen delivery carriers based on their physiological and immunological properties such as biodistribution, immunogenicity, stability, and multifunctionality. With a focus on design, we discuss the utilization and efficacy of protein nanocages such as virus-like particles, caged proteins, and artificial caged proteins against cancer and infectious diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In addition, we summarize available knowledge on the protein nanocages that are currently used in clinical trials and provide a general outlook on conventional distribution techniques and hurdles faced, particularly for therapeutic cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong A Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeram Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeju Ko
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seohyun Kim
- Department of Research and Development, SHIFTBIO INC., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Beom Kim
- Department of Research and Development, SHIFTBIO INC., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Kyeong Lee
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonkyung Ahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayeon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Hoon Nam
- Department of Research and Development, SHIFTBIO INC., Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - In-San Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Current progress in the development of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 66:679-710. [PMID: 36469218 PMCID: PMC9734355 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2230-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines are essential public health tools and play an important role in reducing the burden of infectious diseases in the population. Emerging infectious diseases and outbreaks pose new challenges for vaccine development, requiring the rapid design and production of safe and effective vaccines against diseases with limited resources. Here, we focus on the development of vaccines in broad fields ranging from conventional prophylactic vaccines against infectious diseases to therapeutic vaccines against chronic diseases and cancer providing a comprehensive overview of recent advances in eight different vaccine forms (live attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, polysaccharide and polysaccharide conjugate vaccines, recombinant subunit vaccines, virus-like particle and nanoparticle vaccines, polypeptide vaccines, DNA vaccines, and mRNA vaccines) and the therapeutic vaccines against five solid tumors (lung cancer breast cancer colorectal cancer liver cancer and gastric cancer), three infectious diseases (human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus-induced diseases) and three common chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia). We aim to provide new insights into vaccine technologies, platforms, applications and understanding of potential next-generation preventive and therapeutic vaccine technologies paving the way for the vaccines design in the future.
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11
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Liu ZH, Deng ZF, Lu Y, Fang WH, He F. A modular and self-adjuvanted multivalent vaccine platform based on porcine circovirus virus-like nanoparticles. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:493. [PMID: 36424615 PMCID: PMC9685936 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01710-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Virus-like particles (VLPs) are supramolecular structures composed of multiple protein subunits and resemble natural virus particles in structure and size, making them highly immunogenic materials for the development of next-generation subunit vaccines. The orderly and repetitive display of antigenic epitopes on particle surface allows efficient recognition and cross-link by B cell receptors (BCRs), thereby inducing higher levels of neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune responses than regular subunit vaccines. Here, we present a novel multiple antigen delivery system using SpyCatcher/Spytag strategy and self-assembled VLPs formed by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) Cap, a widely used swine vaccine in solo. RESULTS Cap-SC, recombinant Cap with a truncated SpyCatcher polypeptide at its C-terminal, self-assembled into 26-nm VLPs. Based on isopeptide bonds formed between SpyCatcher and SpyTag, classical swine fever virus (CSFV) E2, the antigen of interest, was linked to SpyTag and readily surface-displayed on SpyCatcher decorated Cap-SC via in vitro covalent conjugation. E2-conjugated Cap VLPs (Cap-E2 NPs) could be preferentially captured by antigen presenting cells (APCs) and effectively stimulate APC maturation and cytokine production. In vivo studies confirmed that Cap-E2 NPs elicited an enhanced E2 specific IgG response, which was significantly higher than soluble E2, or the admixture of Cap VLPs and E2. Moreover, E2 displayed on the surface did not mask the immunodominant epitopes of Cap-SC VLPs, and Cap-E2 NPs induced Cap-specific antibody levels and neutralizing antibody levels comparable to native Cap VLPs. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that this modularly assembled Cap-E2 NPs retains the immune potential of Cap VLP backbone, while the surface-displayed antigen significantly elevated E2-induced immune potency. This immune strategy provides distinctly improved efficacy than conventional vaccine combination. It can be further applied to the development of dual or multiple nanoparticle vaccines to prevent co-infection of PCV2 and other swine pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Hui Liu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInstitute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang road, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo-Fan Deng
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInstitute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang road, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInstitute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang road, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Huan Fang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInstitute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang road, 310058 Hangzhou, China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XLaboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang He
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInstitute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang road, 310058 Hangzhou, China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XLaboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
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12
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Kou S, Chen W, Sun C, Sun F. SpyStapler-mediated assembly of nanoparticle vaccines. NANO RESEARCH 2022; 16:2821-2828. [PMID: 36258758 PMCID: PMC9561328 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4951-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has wreaked havoc around the globe, with no end in sight. The rapid emergence of viral mutants, marked by rapid transmission and effective immune evasion, has also posed unprecedented challenges for vaccine development, not least in its speed, mass production, and distribution. Here we report a versatile "plug-and-display" strategy for creating protein vaccines, including those against malaria parasites and SARS-CoV-2, through the combined use of the intrinsically disordered protein ligase SpyStapler and computationally designed viral-like particles. The resulting protein nanoparticles harboring multiple antigens induce potent neutralizing antibody responses in mice, substantially stronger than those induced by the corresponding free antigens. This modular vaccine design enabled by SpyStapler furnishes us with a new weapon for combatting infectious diseases. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material (further details of the protein sequences, cloning procedures, TEM imaging, ELISA details, and reaction controls) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-022-4951-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songzi Kou
- Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036 China
- Greater Bay Biomedical Innocenter, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132 China
| | - Weitao Chen
- Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036 China
| | - Chenbo Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036 China
- Greater Bay Biomedical Innocenter, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132 China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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13
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Nanoparticle and virus-like particle vaccine approaches against SARS-CoV-2. J Microbiol 2022; 60:335-346. [PMID: 35089583 PMCID: PMC8795728 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-022-1608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has provoked an urgent need for prophylactic measures. Several innovative vaccine platforms have been introduced and billions of vaccine doses have been administered worldwide. To enable the creation of safer and more effective vaccines, additional platforms are under development. These include the use of nanoparticle (NP) and virus-like particle (VLP) technology. NP vaccines utilize self-assembling scaffold structures designed to load the entire spike protein or receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 in a trimeric configuration. In contrast, VLP vaccines are genetically modified recombinant viruses that are considered safe, as they are generally replication-defective. Furthermore, VLPs have indigenous immunogenic potential due to their microbial origin. Importantly, NP and VLP vaccines have shown stronger immunogenicity with greater protection by mimicking the physicochemical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2. The study of NP- and VLP-based coronavirus vaccines will help ensure the development of rapid-response technology against SARS-CoV-2 variants and future coronavirus pandemics.
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14
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Coria LM, Saposnik LM, Pueblas Castro C, Castro EF, Bruno LA, Stone WB, Pérez PS, Darriba ML, Chemes LB, Alcain J, Mazzitelli I, Varese A, Salvatori M, Auguste AJ, Álvarez DE, Pasquevich KA, Cassataro J. A Novel Bacterial Protease Inhibitor Adjuvant in RBD-Based COVID-19 Vaccine Formulations Containing Alum Increases Neutralizing Antibodies, Specific Germinal Center B Cells and Confers Protection Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:844837. [PMID: 35296091 PMCID: PMC8919065 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we evaluated recombinant receptor binding domain (RBD)-based vaccine formulation prototypes with potential for further clinical development. We assessed different formulations containing RBD plus alum, AddaS03, AddaVax, or the combination of alum and U-Omp19: a novel Brucella spp. protease inhibitor vaccine adjuvant. Results show that the vaccine formulation composed of U-Omp19 and alum as adjuvants has a better performance: it significantly increased mucosal and systemic neutralizing antibodies in comparison to antigen plus alum, AddaVax, or AddaS03. Antibodies induced with the formulation containing U-Omp19 and alum not only increased their neutralization capacity against the ancestral virus but also cross-neutralized alpha, lambda, and gamma variants with similar potency. Furthermore, the addition of U-Omp19 to alum vaccine formulation increased the frequency of RBD-specific geminal center B cells and plasmablasts. Additionally, U-Omp19+alum formulation induced RBD-specific Th1 and CD8+ T-cell responses in spleens and lungs. Finally, this vaccine formulation conferred protection against an intranasal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) challenge of K18-hACE2 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena M. Coria
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNSAM-CONICET), San Martín, Argentina
| | - Lucas M. Saposnik
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNSAM-CONICET), San Martín, Argentina
| | - Celeste Pueblas Castro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNSAM-CONICET), San Martín, Argentina
| | - Eliana F. Castro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNSAM-CONICET), San Martín, Argentina
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas (IVIT), Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura A. Bruno
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNSAM-CONICET), San Martín, Argentina
| | - William B. Stone
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Paula S. Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Laura Darriba
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNSAM-CONICET), San Martín, Argentina
| | - Lucia B. Chemes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNSAM-CONICET), San Martín, Argentina
| | - Julieta Alcain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNSAM-CONICET), San Martín, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Mazzitelli
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Augusto Varese
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melina Salvatori
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Albert J. Auguste
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
- Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Diego E. Álvarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNSAM-CONICET), San Martín, Argentina
| | - Karina A. Pasquevich
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNSAM-CONICET), San Martín, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Karina A. Pasquevich, ; Juliana Cassataro,
| | - Juliana Cassataro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNSAM-CONICET), San Martín, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Karina A. Pasquevich, ; Juliana Cassataro,
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15
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Guest PC. Multivalent Vaccine Strategies in Battling the Emergence of COVID-19 Variants. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2511:21-36. [PMID: 35838949 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2395-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants has led to increased transmission and more severe cases of COVID-19, with some having the ability to escape the existing vaccines. This review discusses the importance of developing new vaccine strategies to keep pace with these variants to more effectively manage the pandemic. Many of the new vaccine approaches include multivalent display of the most highly mutated regions in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein such that they resemble a virus particle and can stimulate an effective neutralization response. It is hoped that such approaches help to manage the existing pandemic and provide a robust infrastructure toward fast tracking responses across the world in case of future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Guest
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
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16
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Sung HD, Kim N, Lee Y, Lee EJ. Protein-Based Nanoparticle Vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13445. [PMID: 34948241 PMCID: PMC8703262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has upended healthcare systems and economies around the world. Rapid understanding of the structural biology and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 has allowed the development of emergency use or FDA-approved vaccines and various candidate vaccines. Among the recently developed SARS-CoV-2 candidate vaccines, natural protein-based nanoparticles well suited for multivalent antigen presentation and enhanced immune stimulation to elicit potent humoral and cellular immune responses are currently being investigated. This mini-review presents recent innovations in protein-based nanoparticle vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. The design and strategy of displaying antigenic domains, including spike protein, receptor-binding domain (RBD), and other domains on the surface of various protein-based nanoparticles and the performance of the developed nanoparticle-based vaccines are highlighted. In the final part of this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in clinical trials and provide an outlook on protein-based nanoparticle vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Dong Sung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Applied Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Nayeon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Applied Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Yeram Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Applied Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Applied Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
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17
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Pulido J, García-Durán M, Fernández-Antonio R, Galán C, López L, Vela C, Venteo Á, Rueda P, Rivas LA. Receptor-binding domain-based immunoassays for serosurveillance differentiate efficiently between SARS-CoV2-exposed and non-exposed farmed mink. J Vet Diagn Invest 2021; 34:190-198. [PMID: 34852683 DOI: 10.1177/10406387211057859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, infection of farmed mink has become not only an economic issue but also a widespread public health concern. International agencies have advised the use of strict molecular and serosurveillance methods for monitoring the SARS-CoV2 status on mink farms. We developed 2 ELISAs and a duplex protein microarray immunoassay (MI), all in a double-recognition format (DR), to detect SARS-CoV2 antibodies specific to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein and to the full-length nucleoprotein (N) in mink sera. We collected 264 mink serum samples and 126 oropharyngeal samples from 5 Spanish mink farms. In both of the ELISAs and the MI, RBD performed better than N protein for serologic differentiation of mink from SARS-CoV2-positive and -negative farms. Therefore, RBD was the optimal antigenic target for serosurveillance of mink farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Pulido
- Departments of R&D, Eurofins-Ingenasa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ricardo Fernández-Antonio
- Department of Animal Health, Galician Mink Breeders Association (AGAVI), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Galán
- Molecular Diagnostics, Eurofins-Ingenasa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Vela
- Departments of R&D, Eurofins-Ingenasa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Venteo
- Departments of R&D, Eurofins-Ingenasa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Rueda
- Departments of R&D, Eurofins-Ingenasa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis A Rivas
- Departments of R&D, Eurofins-Ingenasa, Madrid, Spain
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18
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Sariol CA, Serrano-Collazo C, Ortiz EJ, Pantoja P, Cruz L, Arana T, Atehortua D, Pabon-Carrero C, Espino AM. Limited Impact of Delta Variant's Mutations on the Effectiveness of Neutralization Conferred by Natural Infection or COVID-19 Vaccines in a Latino Population. Viruses 2021; 13:2405. [PMID: 34960674 PMCID: PMC8707683 DOI: 10.3390/v13122405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has impacted public health systems all over the world. The Delta variant seems to possess enhanced transmissibility, but no clear evidence suggests it has increased virulence. Our data show that pre-exposed individuals had similar neutralizing activity against the authentic COVID-19 strain and the Delta and Epsilon variants. After only one vaccine dose, the neutralization capacity expanded to all tested variants in pre-exposed individuals. Healthy vaccinated individuals showed a limited breadth of neutralization. One vaccine dose did induce similar neutralizing antibodies against the Delta as against the authentic strain. However, even after two doses, this capacity only expanded to the Epsilon variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A. Sariol
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA; (L.C.); (T.A.); (A.M.E.)
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA; (C.S.-C.); (E.J.O.); (P.P.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA
| | - Crisanta Serrano-Collazo
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA; (C.S.-C.); (E.J.O.); (P.P.)
| | - Edwin J. Ortiz
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA; (C.S.-C.); (E.J.O.); (P.P.)
- Puerto Rico Science, Technology and Research Trust, San Juan, PR 00927, USA; (D.A.); (C.P.-C.)
| | - Petraleigh Pantoja
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA; (C.S.-C.); (E.J.O.); (P.P.)
| | - Lorna Cruz
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA; (L.C.); (T.A.); (A.M.E.)
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA; (C.S.-C.); (E.J.O.); (P.P.)
| | - Teresa Arana
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA; (L.C.); (T.A.); (A.M.E.)
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA; (C.S.-C.); (E.J.O.); (P.P.)
| | - Dianne Atehortua
- Puerto Rico Science, Technology and Research Trust, San Juan, PR 00927, USA; (D.A.); (C.P.-C.)
| | - Christina Pabon-Carrero
- Puerto Rico Science, Technology and Research Trust, San Juan, PR 00927, USA; (D.A.); (C.P.-C.)
| | - Ana M. Espino
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA; (L.C.); (T.A.); (A.M.E.)
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