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Leighton JK, Saber H, Reaman G, Pazdur R. An FDA oncology view of juvenile animal studies in support of initial pediatric trials for anticancer drugs. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 79:142-143. [PMID: 26952647 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John K Leighton
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Hematology and Oncology Products, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20903, United States.
| | - Haleh Saber
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Hematology and Oncology Products, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20903, United States
| | - Gregory Reaman
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Hematology and Oncology Products, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20903, United States
| | - Richard Pazdur
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Hematology and Oncology Products, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20903, United States
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Sheng ZF, Ye W, Wang J, Li CH, Liu JH, Liang QC, Li S, Xu K, Liao EY. OPG knockout mouse teeth display reduced alveolar bone mass and hypermineralization in enamel and dentin. Arch Oral Biol 2010; 55:288-93. [PMID: 20233613 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies showed that local injection or upregulation of OPG gene would result in early temporal retardation of tooth development. It was assumed that this retardation might cause defective tooth mineralization and pulp formation as the long-term effects. However, since those OPG treatments were transient, any possible long-term effects of OPG addition could not be assessed previously. In the present study, a high-resolution microCT was used to evaluate the long-term effect of OPG gene deprivation on the mineralization and morphology of mouse tooth. Our results showed that the mineralization of alveolar bone in OPG(-/-) mouse tooth was decreased while those of enamel and dentin were increased, compared with the wild-type (WT) group. The labial and lingual dentin thicknesses of OPG(-/-) group were significantly higher and with larger area in enamel and dentin than those of WT group. The size of pulp chamber was also substantially decreased in OPG(-/-) mouse incisor. Different responses in mineralization and morphogenesis to OPG gene deprivation were found between bone and tooth. These effects may be independent of the early odontogenesis, and further studies are warranted to investigate the molecular mechanism of the effect of OPG gene expression on bone formation and later tooth development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Feng Sheng
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 86 Renmin-Zhong Rd, Hunan 410011, PR China
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Pillas D, Hoggart CJ, Evans DM, O'Reilly PF, Sipilä K, Lähdesmäki R, Millwood IY, Kaakinen M, Netuveli G, Blane D, Charoen P, Sovio U, Pouta A, Freimer N, Hartikainen AL, Laitinen J, Vaara S, Glaser B, Crawford P, Timpson NJ, Ring SM, Deng G, Zhang W, McCarthy MI, Deloukas P, Peltonen L, Elliott P, Coin LJM, Smith GD, Jarvelin MR. Genome-wide association study reveals multiple loci associated with primary tooth development during infancy. PLoS Genet 2010; 6:e1000856. [PMID: 20195514 PMCID: PMC2829062 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2009] [Accepted: 01/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth development is a highly heritable process which relates to other growth and developmental processes, and which interacts with the development of the entire craniofacial complex. Abnormalities of tooth development are common, with tooth agenesis being the most common developmental anomaly in humans. We performed a genome-wide association study of time to first tooth eruption and number of teeth at one year in 4,564 individuals from the 1966 Northern Finland Birth Cohort (NFBC1966) and 1,518 individuals from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). We identified 5 loci at P<5x10(-8), and 5 with suggestive association (P<5x10(-6)). The loci included several genes with links to tooth and other organ development (KCNJ2, EDA, HOXB2, RAD51L1, IGF2BP1, HMGA2, MSRB3). Genes at four of the identified loci are implicated in the development of cancer. A variant within the HOXB gene cluster associated with occlusion defects requiring orthodontic treatment by age 31 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetris Pillas
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Economic and Social Research Council International Centre for Life Course Studies in Society and Health, London, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Clive J. Hoggart
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David M. Evans
- Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Paul F. O'Reilly
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsi Sipilä
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raija Lähdesmäki
- Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Iona Y. Millwood
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marika Kaakinen
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Gopalakrishnan Netuveli
- Economic and Social Research Council International Centre for Life Course Studies in Society and Health, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Primary Care and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - David Blane
- Economic and Social Research Council International Centre for Life Course Studies in Society and Health, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Primary Care and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Pimphen Charoen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ulla Sovio
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anneli Pouta
- Department of Lifecourse and Services, National Institute of Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nelson Freimer
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- The Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Anna-Liisa Hartikainen
- Department of Clinical Sciences/Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Sarianna Vaara
- Department of Lifecourse and Services, National Institute of Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland
| | - Beate Glaser
- Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Crawford
- Department of Oral and Dental Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J. Timpson
- Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Susan M. Ring
- Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Guohong Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Panos Deloukas
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Welcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Leena Peltonen
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Welcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Institute of Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health Genomics Unit, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council–Health Protection Agency Centre in Environment and Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lachlan J. M. Coin
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - George Davey Smith
- Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Lifecourse and Services, National Institute of Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland
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