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Abd Al Moaty M, El Kilany Y, Awad LF, Soliman SM, Barakat A, Ibrahim NA, Abu-Serie MM, Haukka M, El-Yazbi A, Teleb M. Triggering Breast Cancer Apoptosis via Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibition and DNA Damage by Novel Pyrimidinone and 1,2,4-Triazolo[4,3- a]pyrimidinone Derivatives. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:21042-21057. [PMID: 38764636 PMCID: PMC11097374 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Combinations of apoptotic inducers are common clinical practice in breast cancer. However, their efficacy is limited by the heterogeneous pharmacokinetic profiles. An advantageous alternative is merging their molecular entities in hybrid multitargeted scaffolds exhibiting synergistic activities and uniform distribution. Herein, we report apoptotic inducers simultaneously targeting DNA and CDK-2 (cyclin-dependent kinase-2) inspired by studies revealing that CDK-2 inhibition sensitizes breast cancer to DNA-damaging agents. Accordingly, rationally substituted pyrimidines and triazolopyrimidines were synthesized and assayed by MTT against MCF-7, MDA-MB231, and Wi-38 cells compared to doxorubicin. The N-(4-amino-2-((2-hydrazinyl-2-oxoethyl)thio)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-5-yl)acetamide 5 and its p-nitrophenylhydrazone 8 were the study hits against MCF-7 (IC50 = 0.050 and 0.146 μM) and MDA-MB231 (IC50 = 0.826 and 0.583 μM), induced DNA damage at 10.64 and 30.03 nM, and inhibited CDK-2 (IC50 = 0.172 and 0.189 μM). 5 induced MCF-7 apoptosis by 46.75% and disrupted cell cycle during S phase. Docking and MD simulations postulated their stable key interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yeldez El Kilany
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria
University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Laila F. Awad
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria
University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Saied M. Soliman
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria
University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Assem Barakat
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box
2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nihal A. Ibrahim
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria
University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. Abu-Serie
- Medical
Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research
Institute, City of Scientific Research and
Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Matti Haukka
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Amira El-Yazbi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Teleb
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
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Bertonnier‐Brouty L, Andersson J, Kaprio T, Hagström J, Bsharat S, Asplund O, Hatem G, Haglund C, Seppänen H, Prasad RB, Artner I. E2F transcription factors promote tumorigenicity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7187. [PMID: 38686617 PMCID: PMC11058697 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers with limited treatment options, illustrating an urgent need to identify new drugable targets in PDACs. OBJECTIVE Using the similarities between tumor development and normal embryonic development, which is accompanied by rapid cell expansion, we aimed to identify and characterize embryonic signaling pathways that were reinitiated during tumor formation and expansion. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we report that the transcription factors E2F1 and E2F8 are potential key regulators in PDAC. E2F1 and E2F8 RNA expression is mainly localized in proliferating cells in the developing pancreas and in malignant ductal cells in PDAC. Silencing of E2F1 and E2F8 in PANC-1 pancreatic tumor cells inhibited cell proliferation and impaired cell spreading and migration. Moreover, loss of E2F1 also affected cell viability and apoptosis with E2F expression in PDAC tissues correlating with expression of apoptosis and mitosis pathway genes, suggesting that E2F factors promote cell cycle regulation and tumorigenesis in PDAC cells. CONCLUSION Our findings illustrate that E2F1 and E2F8 transcription factors are expressed in pancreatic progenitor and PDAC cells, where they contribute to tumor cell expansion by regulation of cell proliferation, viability, and cell migration making these genes attractive therapeutic targets and potential prognostic markers for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Bertonnier‐Brouty
- Lund Stem Cell CenterLund UniversityLundSweden
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | | | - Tuomas Kaprio
- Department of SurgeryHelsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- iCAN, Digital Cancer Precision MedicineUniversity of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | - Jaana Hagström
- Department of SurgeryHelsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- iCAN, Digital Cancer Precision MedicineUniversity of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
- Department of Oral Pathology and RadiologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Sara Bsharat
- Lund Stem Cell CenterLund UniversityLundSweden
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Olof Asplund
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Gad Hatem
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Caj Haglund
- Department of SurgeryHelsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- iCAN, Digital Cancer Precision MedicineUniversity of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | - Hanna Seppänen
- Department of SurgeryHelsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- iCAN, Digital Cancer Precision MedicineUniversity of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | | | - Isabella Artner
- Lund Stem Cell CenterLund UniversityLundSweden
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund UniversityMalmöSweden
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3
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Quante M, Schütte S. [Gastrointestinal tumour prevention strategies]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2024; 149:423-431. [PMID: 38565115 DOI: 10.1055/a-2060-2225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, substantial advancements have been achieved in the early detection and treatment of gastrointestinal oncological diseases. The survival rates of patients have significantly improved due to the expansion and enhancement of therapeutic and diagnostic options, leading to modifications in (neo-)adjuvant, perioperative, and palliative strategies, as well as the advent of personalized molecular therapy. Noteworthy progress has also been observed in primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention domains.Despite these advancements, gastrointestinal tumours continue to be a global health burden, with approximately 4 million new cases diagnosed annually. These constitute over a quarter of all tumour cases, with nearly one-third of all global tumour-related mortalities attributed to gastrointestinal tumours.Emerging evidence implicates aberrant differentiation of stem or progenitor cells in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal tumour diseases. A confluence of clinically recognized risk factors, including high-fat diet, bile acid, microbiome alterations, and host factors, can instigate chronic inflammation. This disrupts stem cell homeostasis and precipitates malignant transformation. Consequently, environmental inflammation emerges as a critical risk factor warranting consideration in clinical cancer prevention and surveillance strategies.This review encapsulates the current understanding and recommendations in the prevention of selected gastrointestinal tumours, aiming to facilitate their integration into clinical practice. It underscores the need for continued research to further refine diagnostic and therapeutic strategies and improve patient outcomes.
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4
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Teng A, Stanley J, Jackson C, Koea J, Lao C, Lawrenson R, Meredith I, Sika-Paotonu D, Gurney J. The growing cancer burden: Age-period-cohort projections in Aotearoa New Zealand 2020-2044. Cancer Epidemiol 2024; 89:102535. [PMID: 38280359 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a major cause of premature death and inequity, and global case numbers are rapidly expanding. This study projects future cancer numbers and incidence rates in Aotearoa New Zealand. METHODS Age-period-cohort modelling was applied to 25-years of national data to project cancer cases and incidence trends from 2020 to 2044. Nationally mandated cancer registry data and official historical and projected population estimates were used, with sub-groups by age, sex, and ethnicity. RESULTS Cancer diagnoses were projected to increase from 25,700 per year in 2015-2019 to 45,100 a year by 2040-44, a 76% increase (2.3% per annum). Across the same period, age-standardised cancer incidence increased by 9% (0.3% per annum) from 348 to 378 cancers per 100,000 person years, with greater increases for males (11%) than females (6%). Projected incidence trends varied substantially by cancer type, with several projected to change faster or in the opposite direction compared to projections from other countries. CONCLUSIONS Increasing cancer numbers reinforces the critical need for both cancer prevention and treatment service planning activities. Investment in developing new ways of working and increasing the workforce are required for the health system to be able to afford and manage the future burden of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Teng
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, PO Box 7343, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - James Stanley
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, PO Box 7343, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Christopher Jackson
- Department of Medicine (Dunedin), University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Koea
- General Surgery, Waitakere Hospital, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; Medical Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Chunhuan Lao
- Medical Research Centre, The University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Ross Lawrenson
- Medical Research Centre, The University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New Zealand; Commissioning, Te Whatu Ora, Hamilton, Waikato, New Zealand
| | - Ineke Meredith
- General Surgery, Wakefield Hospital, 30 Florence Street, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Dianne Sika-Paotonu
- Dean's Department UOW & Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 7343, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jason Gurney
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, PO Box 7343, Wellington, New Zealand
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5
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Jiang L, Qin J, Dai Y, Zhao S, Zhan Q, Cui P, Ren L, Wang X, Zhang R, Gao C, Zhou Y, Cai S, Wang G, Xie W, Tang X, Shi M, Ma F, Liu J, Wang T, Wang C, Svrcek M, Bardier-Dupas A, Emile JF, de Mestier L, Bachet JB, Nicolle R, Cros J, Laurent-Puig P, Wei M, Song B, Jing W, Guo S, Zheng K, Jiang H, Wang H, Deng X, Chen H, Tian Q, Wang S, Shi S, Jin G, Yin T, Fang H, Chen S, Shen B. Prospective observational study on biomarkers of response in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Nat Med 2024; 30:749-761. [PMID: 38287168 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02790-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Adjuvant chemotherapy benefits patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but the compromised physical state of post-operative patients can hinder compliance. Biomarkers that identify candidates for prompt adjuvant therapy are needed. In this prospective observational study, 1,171 patients with PDAC who underwent pancreatectomy were enrolled and extensively followed-up. Proteomic profiling of 191 patient samples unveiled clinically relevant functional protein modules. A proteomics-level prognostic risk model was established for PDAC, with its utility further validated using a publicly available external cohort. More importantly, through an interaction effect regression analysis leveraging both clinical and proteomic datasets, we discovered two biomarkers (NDUFB8 and CEMIP2), indicative of the overall sensitivity of patients with PDAC to adjuvant chemotherapy. The biomarkers were validated through immunohistochemistry on an internal cohort of 386 patients. Rigorous validation extended to two external multicentic cohorts-a French multicentric cohort (230 patients) and a cohort from two grade-A tertiary hospitals in China (466 patients)-enhancing the robustness and generalizability of our findings. Moreover, experimental validation through functional assays was conducted on PDAC cell lines and patient-derived organoids. In summary, our cohort-scale integration of clinical and proteomic data demonstrates the potential of proteomics-guided prognosis and biomarker-aided adjuvant chemotherapy for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxi Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiejie Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Dai
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shulin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhan
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Cui
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingjie Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuelong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruihong Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenxu Gao
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanting Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | - Xiaomei Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minmin Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangfang Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaofu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Magali Svrcek
- Department of Pathology, Saint-Antoine Hospital - Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Armelle Bardier-Dupas
- Department of Pathology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital - Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Jean Francois Emile
- Department of Pathology, Ambroise Paré Hospital - Université Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Paris, France
| | - Louis de Mestier
- Department of Pancreatology, Université Paris Cité - FHU MOSAIC, Beaujon Hospital, Clichy, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Bachet
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital - Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Remy Nicolle
- Université Paris Cité, FHU MOSAIC, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL 8252, Paris, France
| | - Jerome Cros
- Department of Pathology, Université Paris Cité - FHU MOSAIC, Beaujon Hospital, Clichy, France
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- Department of Biochemistry, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS1138, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Cité, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Miaoyan Wei
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Jing
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Shiwei Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Kailian Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaxing Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Tian
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengyue Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - Gang Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China.
| | - Tong Yin
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hai Fang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Saijuan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Baiyong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Cheng SM, Su YY, Chiang NJ, Wang CJ, Chao YJ, Huang CJ, Tsai HJ, Chen SH, Chang CY, Tsai CR, Li YJ, Yen CJ, Chuang SC, Chang JSM, Shan YS, Hwang DY, Chen LT. Germline mutations of homologous recombination genes and clinical outcomes in pancreatic cancer: a multicenter study in Taiwan. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:21. [PMID: 38350919 PMCID: PMC10865564 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer susceptibility germline mutations are associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the hereditary status of PDAC and its impact on survival is largely unknown in the Asian population. METHODS Exome sequencing was performed on 527 blood samples from PDAC individuals and analyzed for mutations in 80 oncogenic genes. Pathogenic and likely pathogenic (P/LP) germline variants were diagnosed according to the ACMG variant classification categories. The association between germline homologous recombination gene mutations (gHRmut, including BAP1, BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, ATM, BLM, BRIP1, CHEK2, NBN, MUTYH, FANCA and FANCC) and the treatment outcomes was explored in patients with stage III/IV diseases treated with first-line (1L) platinum-based versus platinum-free chemotherapy. RESULTS Overall, 104 of 527 (19.7%) patients carried germline P/LP variants. The most common mutated genes were BRCA2 (3.60%), followed by ATR (2.66%) and ATM (1.9%). After a median follow-up duration of 38.3-months (95% confidence interval, 95% CI 35.0-43.7), the median overall survival (OS) was not significantly different among patients with gHRmut, non-HR germline mutations, or no mutation (P = 0.43). Among the 320 patients with stage III/IV disease who received 1L combination chemotherapy, 32 (10%) had gHRmut. Of them, patients receiving 1L platinum-based chemotherapy exhibited a significantly longer median OS compared to those with platinum-free chemotherapy, 26.1 months (95% CI 12.7-33.7) versus 9.6 months (95% CI 5.9-17.6), P = 0.001. However, the median OS of patients without gHRmut was 14.5 months (95% CI 13.2-16.9) and 12.6 months (95% CI 10.8-14.7) for patients receiving 1L platinum-based and platinum-free chemotherapy, respectively (P = 0.22). These results were consistent after adjusting for potential confounding factors including age, tumor stage, performance status, and baseline CA 19.9 in the multivariate Cox regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that nearly 20% of Taiwanese PDAC patients carried germline P/LP variants. The longer survival observed in gHRmut patients treated with 1L platinum-based chemotherapy highlights the importance of germline testing for all patients with advanced PDAC at diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siao Muk Cheng
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yeh Su
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Deparment of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Jung Chiang
- Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jung Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng-Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jui Chao
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng-Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Jui Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Jen Tsai
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
- Deparment of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hung Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
- Deparment of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yen Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Rung Tsai
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jie Li
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Yen
- Deparment of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chang Chuang
- Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jeffrey Shu-Ming Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Shen Shan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng-Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Daw-Yang Hwang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Precision Medicine Ph.D. Program, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Tzong Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Deparment of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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7
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Lih TM, Cao L, Minoo P, Omenn GS, Hruban RH, Chan DW, Bathe OF, Zhang H. Detection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma-Associated Proteins in Serum. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100687. [PMID: 38029961 PMCID: PMC10792492 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancer types, partly because it is frequently identified at an advanced stage, when surgery is no longer feasible. Therefore, early detection using minimally invasive methods such as blood tests may improve outcomes. However, studies to discover molecular signatures for the early detection of PDAC using blood tests have only been marginally successful. In the current study, a quantitative glycoproteomic approach via data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry was utilized to detect glycoproteins in 29 patient-matched PDAC tissues and sera. A total of 892 N-linked glycopeptides originating from 141 glycoproteins had PDAC-associated changes beyond normal variation. We further evaluated the specificity of these serum-detectable glycoproteins by comparing their abundance in 53 independent PDAC patient sera and 65 cancer-free controls. The PDAC tissue-associated glycoproteins we have identified represent an inventory of serum-detectable PDAC-associated glycoproteins as candidate biomarkers that can be potentially used for the detection of PDAC using blood tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mamie Lih
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Liwei Cao
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Parham Minoo
- Department of Pathology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gilbert S Omenn
- Departments of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, Internal Medicine, Human Genetics, and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ralph H Hruban
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel W Chan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Oliver F Bathe
- Departments of Surgery and Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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8
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de Ortiz de Choudens S, Visotcky A, Banerjee A, Aldakkak M, Tsai S, Evans DB, Christians KK, Clarke CN, George B, Shreenivas A, Kamgar M, Chakrabarti S, Dua KS, Khan AH, Madhavan S, Erickson BA, Hall WA. Characterization of an oligometastatic state in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma undergoing systemic chemotherapy. Cancer Med 2023; 13:e6582. [PMID: 38140796 PMCID: PMC10807686 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES Most patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) will present with distant metastatic disease at diagnosis. We sought to identify clinical characteristics associated with prolonged overall survival (OS) in patients presenting with metastatic PDAC. MATERIALS/METHODS Patients presenting with metastatic PDAC that received treatment at our institution with FOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine-based chemotherapies between August 1, 2011 and September 1, 2017 were included in the study. Metastatic disease burden was comprehensively characterized radiologically via individual diagnostic imaging segmentation. Landmark analysis was performed at 18 months, and survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared between groups via the log-rank test. ECOG and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) were calculated for all patients. RESULTS 121 patients were included with a median age of 62 years (37-86), 40% were female, 25% had ECOG 0 at presentation. Of the 121 patients included, 33% (n = 41) were alive at 12 months and 25% (n = 31) were alive at 18 months. Landmark analysis demonstrated a significant difference between patients surviving <18 months and ≥18 months regarding the presence of lung only metastases (36% vs. 16%, p = 0.04), number of organs with metastases (≥2 vs. 1, p = 0.04), and disease volume (mean of 19.1 cc vs. 1.4 cc, p = 0.04). At Year 1, predictors for improved OS included ECOG status at diagnosis (ECOG 0 vs. ECOG 1, p = 0.04), metastatic disease volume at diagnosis (≤0.1 cc vs. >60 cc, p = 0.004), metastasis only in the liver (p = 0.04), and normalization of CA 19-9 (p < 0.001). At Year 2, the only predictor of improved OS was normalization of the CA 19-9 (p = 0.03). In those patients that normalized their CA 19-9, median overall survival was 16 months. CONCLUSIONS In this exploratory analysis normalization of CA-19-9 or volumetric metastatic disease burden less than 0.2 cc demonstrated a remarkable OS, similar to that of patients with non-metastatic disease. These metrics are useful for counseling patients and identifying cohorts that may be optimal for trials exploring metastatic and/or local tumor-directed interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexis Visotcky
- Division of BiostatisticsMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Anjishnu Banerjee
- Division of BiostatisticsMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Mohammed Aldakkak
- Department of SurgeryMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- LaBahn Pancreatic Cancer ProgramMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Susan Tsai
- Department of SurgeryMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- LaBahn Pancreatic Cancer ProgramMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Douglas B. Evans
- Department of SurgeryMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- LaBahn Pancreatic Cancer ProgramMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Kathleen K. Christians
- Department of SurgeryMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- LaBahn Pancreatic Cancer ProgramMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Callisia N. Clarke
- Department of SurgeryMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- LaBahn Pancreatic Cancer ProgramMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Ben George
- LaBahn Pancreatic Cancer ProgramMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Division of Medical OncologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Aditya Shreenivas
- Division of Medical OncologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Mandana Kamgar
- LaBahn Pancreatic Cancer ProgramMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Division of Medical OncologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Sakti Chakrabarti
- Division of Medical OncologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Kulwinder S. Dua
- Division of Medical OncologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Division of GastroenterologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Abdul Haq Khan
- Division of Medical OncologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Division of GastroenterologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Srivats Madhavan
- Division of Medical OncologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Division of GastroenterologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Beth A. Erickson
- Department of Radiation OncologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- LaBahn Pancreatic Cancer ProgramMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - William A. Hall
- Department of Radiation OncologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- LaBahn Pancreatic Cancer ProgramMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
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9
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Olowosoke CB, Gbemisola O, Alaba AA, Adepoju OH, Okorie B, Odjegba PI, Ogunsanmi AO, Oke GA, Akinlolu O, Olubena TL, Bello RO, Adegboyega BB. Multi-regulator of EZH2-PPARs Therapeutic Targets: A Hallmark for Prospective Restoration of Pancreatic Insulin Production and Cancer Dysregulation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:7520-7552. [PMID: 37010741 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04433-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
The unexpected rise in cancer and diabetes statistics has been a significant global threat, inciting ongoing research into various biomarkers that can act as innovative therapeutic targets for their management. The recent discovery of how EZH2-PPARs' regulatory function affects the metabolic and signalling pathways contributing to this disease has posed a significant breakthrough, with the synergistic combination of inhibitors like GSK-126 and bezafibrate for treating these diseases. Nonetheless, no findings on other protein biomarkers involved in the associated side effects have been reported. As a result of this virtual study, we identified the gene-disease association, protein interaction networks between EZH2-PPARs and other protein biomarkers regulating pancreatic cancer and diabetes pathology, ADME/Toxicity profiling, docking simulation and density functional theory of some natural products. The results indicated a correlation between obesity and hypertensive disease for the investigated biomarkers. At the same time, the predicted protein network validates the link to cancer and diabetes, and nine natural products were screened to have versatile binding capacity against the targets. Among all natural products, phytocassane A outperforms the standard drugs' (GSK-126 and bezafibrate) in silico validation for drug-likeness profiles. Hence, these natural products were conclusively proposed for additional experimental screening to complement the results on their utility in drug development for diabetes and cancer therapy against the EZH2-PPARs' new target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Busayo Olowosoke
- Department of Biotechnology (School of Life Sciences), Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
- Department of Biotechnology (College of Natural and Applied Sciences), Chrisland University, Km 5, Ajebo Road, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria.
- Research Development Unit, Institute of Bioinformatics and Molecular Therapeutics, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - Otitoola Gbemisola
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics (College of Medicine), University of Ibadan, P.M.B 5017, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Adebola Abosede Alaba
- Department of Microbiology (School of Life Sciences), Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwadamilola Hope Adepoju
- Department of Biotechnology (School of Life Sciences), Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry (College of Biosciences), Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P.M.B 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Benson Okorie
- Department of Biotechnology (School of Life Sciences), Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Peace Ifeoma Odjegba
- Department of Microbiology (School of Life Sciences), Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Ayomide Oluwaseyi Ogunsanmi
- Department of Biochemistry (Faculty of Pure and Applied Science), Kwara State University, P.M.B. 1530, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Grace Ayomide Oke
- Department of Food Science and Technology (School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology), Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatoyin Akinlolu
- Department of Microbiology (School of Life Sciences), Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Tomiwa Lois Olubena
- Department of Biotechnology (School of Life Sciences), Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Ridwan Opeyemi Bello
- Department of Biotechnology (School of Life Sciences), Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Computer-Aided Therapeutic Discovery and Design Group, FUTA, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Benjamin Babatunde Adegboyega
- Department of Biotechnology (School of Life Sciences), Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Department of Biotechnology (College of Natural and Applied Sciences), Chrisland University, Km 5, Ajebo Road, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
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10
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Park MN. Therapeutic Strategies for Pancreatic-Cancer-Related Type 2 Diabetes Centered around Natural Products. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15906. [PMID: 37958889 PMCID: PMC10648679 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a highly malignant neoplasm, is classified as one of the most severe and devastating types of cancer. PDAC is a notable malignancy that exhibits a discouraging prognosis and a rising occurrence. The interplay between diabetes and pancreatic cancer exhibits a reciprocal causation. The identified metabolic disorder has been observed to possess noteworthy consequences on health outcomes, resulting in elevated rates of morbidity. The principal mechanisms involve the suppression of the immune system, the activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), and the onset of systemic metabolic disease caused by dysfunction of the islets. From this point forward, it is important to recognize that pancreatic-cancer-related diabetes (PCRD) has the ability to increase the likelihood of developing pancreatic cancer. This highlights the complex relationship that exists between these two physiological states. Therefore, we investigated into the complex domain of PSCs, elucidating their intricate signaling pathways and the profound influence of chemokines on their behavior and final outcome. In order to surmount the obstacle of drug resistance and eliminate PDAC, researchers have undertaken extensive efforts to explore and cultivate novel natural compounds of the next generation. Additional investigation is necessary in order to comprehensively comprehend the effect of PCRD-mediated apoptosis on the progression and onset of PDAC through the utilization of natural compounds. This study aims to examine the potential anticancer properties of natural compounds in individuals with diabetes who are undergoing chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy. It is anticipated that these compounds will exhibit increased potency and possess enhanced pharmacological benefits. According to our research findings, it is indicated that naturally derived chemical compounds hold potential in the development of PDAC therapies that are both safe and efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul 05253, Republic of Korea
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11
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Knoblauch M, Ma T, Beirith I, Koch D, Hofmann F, Heinrich K, Aghamaliev U, Sirtl S, Westphalen CB, Nieß H, Reichert M, Angele MK, Regel I, Bazhin AV, Werner J, Ilmer M, Renz BW. In-vitro model to mimic T cell subset change in human PDAC organoid co-culture. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:13051-13064. [PMID: 37470855 PMCID: PMC10587248 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immunotherapies have largely failed as treatment options for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In this field, clinical translational studies into personalized treatment are of fundamental importance. In our study, we model tumor-cell immune-cell interactions in a co-culture of primary human PDAC organoids and matched peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS Using flow cytometry, we evaluated changes in T cell subtypes upon co-culture of patient-derived PDAC organoids and matched PBMCs. RESULTS After co-culturing PDAC organoids with PBMCs, we observed changes in CD4+, CD8+ and Treg cell populations. We observed favorable clinical outcome in patients whose PBMCs reacted to the co-culture with organoids. CONCLUSION This experimental model allows to investigate interactions between patient derived PDAC organoids and their PBMCs. This co-culture system could serve as a preclinical platform to guide personalized therapeutic strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Knoblauch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Ma
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - I Beirith
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - D Koch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - F Hofmann
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - K Heinrich
- Department of Hematology/Oncology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich, LMU University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - U Aghamaliev
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - S Sirtl
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Bavarian Centre for Cancer Research (Bayerisches Zentrum Für Krebsforschung), Munich, Germany
| | - C B Westphalen
- Department of Hematology/Oncology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich, LMU University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - H Nieß
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - M Reichert
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Translational Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
- Center for Organoid Systems (COS), Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - M K Angele
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - I Regel
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Bavarian Centre for Cancer Research (Bayerisches Zentrum Für Krebsforschung), Munich, Germany
| | - A V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Ilmer
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Bernhard W Renz
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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12
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Simsek C, Dugic A, Domislovic V, Te Groen M, Hadefi A, Kravchuk S, Porcari S, Sochnieva A, Sousa P, Acedo P. Young GI Angle: The young perspective of the UEG White Book 2 by the Friends of the UEG Young Talent Group. United European Gastroenterol J 2023; 11:911-918. [PMID: 37880151 PMCID: PMC10637121 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cem Simsek
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ana Dugic
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Viktor Domislovic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maarten Te Groen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Alia Hadefi
- Gastroenterology, Hôpital Erasme - ULB, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | | | - Serena Porcari
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A.Gemelli' - IRCCS, Monterotondo - Rome, Italy
| | - Anastasiia Sochnieva
- Department of Surgery No 1, Educational and Scientific Medical Instiute of the National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Paula Sousa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Pilar Acedo
- Institute for Liver & Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
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13
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Moessinger H, Jacob L, Smith L, Koyanagi A, Kostev K. Psychiatric disorder and its association with gastrointestinal cancer: a retrospective cohort study with 45,842 patients in Germany. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:14509-14518. [PMID: 37573275 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05229-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Psychiatric disorders and cancer are both common, and comorbidity has detrimental impacts on cancer outcomes. Previous studies focus on affective disorders which arise after cancer diagnosis, not on the impact of psychiatric disorders on cancer risk. We investigate the association between psychiatric disorders and subsequent gastrointestinal cancer in a large cohort in Germany. METHODS This case-control study used secondary data (electronic medical records) from the national IQVIA Disease Analyzer database. We evaluated the association between previous psychiatric diagnosis in 44,582 matched patients with and without gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. Regression analyses were stratified by psychiatric diagnosis and adjusted by chronic comorbidities and previous psychiatric treatments. RESULTS No association between any previous psychiatric disease and GI cancers was found (OR = 0.98 (0.95-1.02 95%CL, p = 0.39). Previous psychosomatic disorder and GI cancer showed a significant negative association (OR: 0.86, 0.81-0.90 95%CL, p < 0.0001). No association was found between previous diagnosis with depression or PTSD and GI cancer. These results remained consistent when including previous psychiatric treatments in the regression analyses. CONCLUSION Psychiatric disease was not associated with GI cancer risk. Further investigation into the pathways linking psychiatric disease and cancer needs to be conducted, taking into consideration psychiatric treatments administered, to enhance our understanding of the relationship between these two common and devastating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Louis Jacob
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Université Paris Cité, AP-HP, Lariboisière-Fernand Widal Hospital, Paris, France
- Inserm U1153, Epidemiology of Ageing and Neurodegenerative Diseases (EpiAgeing), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance, and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karel Kostev
- Epidemiology, IQVIA, Frankfurt, Germany.
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
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14
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Loeck T, Rugi M, Todesca LM, Kalinowska P, Soret B, Neumann I, Schimmelpfennig S, Najder K, Pethő Z, Farfariello V, Prevarskaya N, Schwab A. The context-dependent role of the Na +/Ca 2+-exchanger (NCX) in pancreatic stellate cell migration. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:1225-1240. [PMID: 37566113 PMCID: PMC10499968 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02847-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) that can co-metastasize with cancer cells shape the tumor microenvironment (TME) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) by producing an excessive amount of extracellular matrix. This leads to a TME characterized by increased tissue pressure, hypoxia, and acidity. Moreover, cells within the tumor secrete growth factors. The stimuli of the TME trigger Ca2+ signaling and cellular Na+ loading. The Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) connects the cellular Ca2+ and Na+ homeostasis. The NCX is an electrogenic transporter, which shuffles 1 Ca2+ against 3 Na+ ions over the plasma membrane in a forward or reverse mode. Here, we studied how the impact of NCX activity on PSC migration is modulated by cues from the TME. NCX expression was revealed with qPCR and Western blot. [Ca2+]i, [Na+]i, and the cell membrane potential were determined with the fluorescent indicators Fura-2, Asante NaTRIUM Green-2, and DiBAC4(3), respectively. PSC migration was quantified with live-cell imaging. To mimic the TME, PSCs were exposed to hypoxia, pressure, acidic pH (pH 6.6), and PDGF. NCX-dependent signaling was determined with Western blot analyses. PSCs express NCX1.3 and NCX1.9. [Ca2+]i, [Na+]i, and the cell membrane potential are 94.4 nmol/l, 7.4 mmol/l, and - 39.8 mV, respectively. Thus, NCX1 usually operates in the forward (Ca2+ export) mode. NCX1 plays a differential role in translating cues from the TME into an altered migratory behavior. When NCX1 is operating in the forward mode, its inhibition accelerates PSC migration. Thus, NCX1-mediated extrusion of Ca2+ contributes to a slow mode of migration of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Loeck
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Straße 27b, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Micol Rugi
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Straße 27b, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Luca Matteo Todesca
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Straße 27b, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Paulina Kalinowska
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Straße 27b, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Benjamin Soret
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Straße 27b, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Université de Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PhyCell - Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000, Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Ilka Neumann
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Straße 27b, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Sandra Schimmelpfennig
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Straße 27b, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Karolina Najder
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Straße 27b, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Zoltán Pethő
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Straße 27b, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Valerio Farfariello
- Université de Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PhyCell - Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000, Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Natalia Prevarskaya
- Université de Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PhyCell - Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000, Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Albrecht Schwab
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Straße 27b, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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15
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Budhraja S, Doborjeh M, Singh B, Tan S, Doborjeh Z, Lai E, Merkin A, Lee J, Goh W, Kasabov N. Filter and Wrapper Stacking Ensemble (FWSE): a robust approach for reliable biomarker discovery in high-dimensional omics data. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:bbad382. [PMID: 37889118 PMCID: PMC10605029 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Selecting informative features, such as accurate biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis and response to treatment, is an essential task in the field of bioinformatics. Medical data often contain thousands of features and identifying potential biomarkers is challenging due to small number of samples in the data, method dependence and non-reproducibility. This paper proposes a novel ensemble feature selection method, named Filter and Wrapper Stacking Ensemble (FWSE), to identify reproducible biomarkers from high-dimensional omics data. In FWSE, filter feature selection methods are run on numerous subsets of the data to eliminate irrelevant features, and then wrapper feature selection methods are applied to rank the top features. The method was validated on four high-dimensional medical datasets related to mental illnesses and cancer. The results indicate that the features selected by FWSE are stable and statistically more significant than the ones obtained by existing methods while also demonstrating biological relevance. Furthermore, FWSE is a generic method, applicable to various high-dimensional datasets in the fields of machine intelligence and bioinformatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugam Budhraja
- Knowledge Engineering and Discovery Research Innovation (KEDRI), School of Engineering Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, 55 Wellesley Street East, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Maryam Doborjeh
- Knowledge Engineering and Discovery Research Innovation (KEDRI), School of Engineering Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, 55 Wellesley Street East, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Balkaran Singh
- Knowledge Engineering and Discovery Research Innovation (KEDRI), School of Engineering Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, 55 Wellesley Street East, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Samuel Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zohreh Doborjeh
- School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Grafton, 1023,Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Edmund Lai
- Knowledge Engineering and Discovery Research Innovation (KEDRI), School of Engineering Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, 55 Wellesley Street East, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alexander Merkin
- National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, 55 Wellesley Street East, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jimmy Lee
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, 639798, Singapore
- Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, 539747, Singapore
| | - Wilson Goh
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, 639798, Singapore
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, 639798, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, 639798, Singapore
| | - Nikola Kasabov
- Knowledge Engineering and Discovery Research Innovation (KEDRI), School of Engineering Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, 55 Wellesley Street East, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand
- Intelligent Systems Research Center, Ulster University, Magee Campus, Derry, BT48 7JL, Ulster, United Kingdom
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, 6/70 Symonds Street, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand
- Institute of Information and Communication Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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16
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Klösges L, Chikhladze S, Biesel EA, Fichtner-Feigl S, Wittel UA. Surgical pancreatic biopsies for cases with locally advanced pancreatic cancer with inconclusive histology after interventional biopsy. Surg Open Sci 2023; 15:61-66. [PMID: 37663144 PMCID: PMC10470176 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Histopathological confirmation of malignancy is mandatory in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer before initiation of palliative chemotherapy. When interventional biopsy proves unsuccessful, laparoscopic or open surgical biopsies become necessary. Methods 66 consecutive surgical biopsies of the pancreas performed at a single institution between 01/2010 and 04/2020 were analyzed retrospectively. We analyzed sensitivity of histopathological confirmation of malignancy as well as complication rates of laparoscopic and open surgical biopsies in patients with suspected advanced pancreatic cancer after unsuccessful interventional biopsies. Results 8 complications were observed in 46 patients requiring only a pancreatic biopsy (17.4 %) while in 13 of 20 patients complications were observed when additional procedures were necessary (65 %). Major complications CD ≥ III were observed in the "biopsy +/- port" group in 4 of 46 patients and in the "biopsy + additional procedure" cohort in 9 of 20 patients (8.7 vs. 45 %, p < 0.001). Despite the trend to reduced perioperative complications in laparoscopic biopsies, the reduction did not reach statistical significance when compared to open resections (11.1 vs. 26.3 %, p = 0.18). Surgical pancreatic biopsies reached a sensitivity regarding the correct definite histopathological result of 90.32 %, specificity was 100 %. Conclusion Both laparoscopic and open biopsies can be performed at acceptable complication rates CD ≥ III of 8.7 % and present a valuable option after failure of image-guided techniques for biopsy. Additional operative measures in locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma ought to be critically reflected due to a substantially higher complication rate CD ≥ III of 45 %. Key message Laparoscopic and open surgical biopsies in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer demonstrate a high diagnostic sensitivity at acceptable complication rates. This finding is important because it provides further support for surgical biopsies to avoid delay before initiation of palliative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Klösges
- Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sophia Chikhladze
- Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Esther A. Biesel
- Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Fichtner-Feigl
- Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Uwe A. Wittel
- Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Freiburg, Germany
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17
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Yao Q, Jia W, Chen S, Wang Q, Liu Z, Liu D, Ji X. Machine learning was used to predict risk factors for distant metastasis of pancreatic cancer and prognosis analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:10279-10291. [PMID: 37278826 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04903-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms of distant metastasis in pancreatic cancer (PC) have not been elucidated, and this study aimed to explore the risk factors affecting the metastasis and prognosis of metastatic patients and to develop a predictive model. METHOD Clinical data from patients meeting criteria from 1990 to 2019 were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, and two machine learning methods, random forest and support vector machine, combined with logistic regression, were used to explore risk factors influencing distant metastasis and to create nomograms. The performance of the model was validated using calibration curves and ROC curves based on the Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital cohort. LASSO regression and Cox regression models were used to explore the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with distant PC metastases. RESULTS We found that independent risk factors affecting PC distant metastasis were: age, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, T and N; the independent risk factors for patient prognosis were: age, grade, bone metastasis, brain metastasis, lung metastasis, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Together, our study provides a method for risk factors and prognostic assessment for patients with distant PC metastases. The nomogram we developed can be used as a convenient individualized tool to facilitate aid in clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyun Yao
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Weili Jia
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Siyan Chen
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhekui Liu
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Danping Liu
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.
- Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xincai Ji
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.
- Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.
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18
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Sonnhoff M, Graff M, Paal K, Becker JN, Hermann RM, Christiansen H, Nitsche M, Merten R. Influence of demographic change on the demand for radiotherapy using forecasted predictions for prostate cancer in Germany. Strahlenther Onkol 2023:10.1007/s00066-023-02133-2. [PMID: 37638976 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-023-02133-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Demographic change will lead to an increase in age-associated cancers. The demand for primary treatment, especially oncologic therapies, is difficult to predict. This work is an attempt to project the demand for radiation therapy (RT) in 2030, taking into account demographic changes using prostate cancer (PC) as an example. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using the GENESIS database of the Federal Statistical Office, we retrieved demographic population projections for 2030 and retrospective demographic surveys from 1999 to 2019. Additionally, we queried incidence rates for PC in the respective age groups of 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, 70-74, 75-79, 80-84, and +85 years from 1999-2019 via the Federal Cancer Registry of the Robert Koch Institute. We used a regression method to determine the age-dependent correlation between the incidence of PC and the population size of the respective age group by combining the data from 1999 to 2019. This information was used to calculate the incidence rates in the age groups of the expected population for 2030 and the expected new cases of PC in 2030. Finally, we extrapolated the indications for the demand for RT based on data from the Report on Cancer Incidence in Germany from 2016. RESULTS Considering a population-dependent incidence rate, an increase in new cases of PC is expected. This increase is particularly evident in the age groups of 70-74 and 80-84 years. With regards to RT, the estimate indicates an overall increase of 27.4% in demand. There is also a shift in RT demands towards older patients, especially in the 80- to 84-year-old age group. CONCLUSION We observe an age-associated increase in primary cases of PC. This is likely to result in an increased demand for RT. The exact demand cannot be predicted. However, trends can be estimated to plan for the demand. This, though, requires a good database from cancer registries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sonnhoff
- Department of Radiotherapy and Special Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Center for Radiotherapy and Radiooncology Bremen and Westerstede, 28239, Bremen, Germany.
| | - M Graff
- Center for Radiotherapy and Radiooncology Bremen and Westerstede, 28239, Bremen, Germany
| | - K Paal
- Depatment für Radiotherapy University Hospital Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - J-N Becker
- Department of Radiotherapy and Special Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - R-M Hermann
- Department of Radiotherapy and Special Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Radiotherapy and Radiooncology Bremen and Westerstede, 28239, Bremen, Germany
| | - H Christiansen
- Department of Radiotherapy and Special Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - M Nitsche
- Center for Radiotherapy and Radiooncology Bremen and Westerstede, 28239, Bremen, Germany
| | - R Merten
- Department of Radiotherapy and Special Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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19
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Stukas D, Jasukaitiene A, Bartkeviciene A, Matthews J, Maimets T, Teino I, Jaudzems K, Gulbinas A, Dambrauskas Z. Targeting AHR Increases Pancreatic Cancer Cell Sensitivity to Gemcitabine through the ELAVL1-DCK Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13155. [PMID: 37685961 PMCID: PMC10487468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a transcription factor that is commonly upregulated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). AHR hinders the shuttling of human antigen R (ELAVL1) from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where it stabilises its target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and enhances protein expression. Among these target mRNAs are those induced by gemcitabine. Increased AHR expression leads to the sequestration of ELAVL1 in the nucleus, resulting in chemoresistance. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between AHR and ELAVL1 in the pathogenesis of PDAC in vitro. AHR and ELAVL1 genes were silenced by siRNA transfection. The RNA and protein were extracted for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot (WB) analysis. Direct binding between the ELAVL1 protein and AHR mRNA was examined through immunoprecipitation (IP) assay. Cell viability, clonogenicity, and migration assays were performed. Our study revealed that both AHR and ELAVL1 inter-regulate each other, while also having a role in cell proliferation, migration, and chemoresistance in PDAC cell lines. Notably, both proteins function through distinct mechanisms. The silencing of ELAVL1 disrupts the stability of its target mRNAs, resulting in the decreased expression of numerous cytoprotective proteins. In contrast, the silencing of AHR diminishes cell migration and proliferation and enhances cell sensitivity to gemcitabine through the AHR-ELAVL1-deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) molecular pathway. In conclusion, AHR and ELAVL1 interaction can form a negative feedback loop. By inhibiting AHR expression, PDAC cells become more susceptible to gemcitabine through the ELAVL1-DCK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius Stukas
- Surgical Gastroenterology Laboratory, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (A.B.); (A.G.); (Z.D.)
| | - Aldona Jasukaitiene
- Surgical Gastroenterology Laboratory, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (A.B.); (A.G.); (Z.D.)
| | - Arenida Bartkeviciene
- Surgical Gastroenterology Laboratory, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (A.B.); (A.G.); (Z.D.)
| | - Jason Matthews
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 1046 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway;
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Toivo Maimets
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; (T.M.); (I.T.)
| | - Indrek Teino
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; (T.M.); (I.T.)
| | - Kristaps Jaudzems
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Antanas Gulbinas
- Surgical Gastroenterology Laboratory, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (A.B.); (A.G.); (Z.D.)
| | - Zilvinas Dambrauskas
- Surgical Gastroenterology Laboratory, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (A.B.); (A.G.); (Z.D.)
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20
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Lehman B, Matthäi E, Gercke N, Denzer UW, Figiel J, Hess T, Slater EP, Bartsch DK. Characteristics of familial pancreatic cancer families with additional colorectal carcinoma. Fam Cancer 2023; 22:323-330. [PMID: 36717525 PMCID: PMC10276072 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-023-00328-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Familial pancreatic cancer (FPC) is a rare hereditary tumor entity with broad phenotypic heterogeneity, including colorectal carcinoma (CRC) in some families. The underlying factors for this co-occurrence are still not well evaluated. FPC families in the National Case Collection of Familial Pancreatic Cancer with an additional occurrence of CRC were analyzed regarding the phenotype, genotype and recommendation for a clinical screening program. The total cohort of 272 FPC families included 30 (11%) families with at least one CRC case. The proportion of affected family members with PDAC was 16.1% (73/451) compared to 9.3% of family members with CRC (42/451, p < 0.01). Females were affected with PDAC in 49% (36/73) and CRC in 38% (16/42). The median age of PDAC was 63 compared to 66 years in CRC, whereas 8 (26.6%) of families had an early onset of PDAC and 2 (6.7%) of CRC. Seventeen families had 2 or more affected generations with PDAC and 6 families with CRC. Eleven (9.6%) of affected patients had both PDAC and CRC. Potentially causative germline mutations (2 ATM, 1 CDKN2a, 1 MLH1, 1 PALB2) were detected in 5 of 18 (27.7%) analyzed cases. These findings provide a step forward to include the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of FPC-CRC families for the genetic counseling and management of these families. Nevertheless, results need to be verified in a larger patient cohort beforehand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Lehman
- Departments of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Elvira Matthäi
- Departments of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Norman Gercke
- Departments of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike W Denzer
- Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jens Figiel
- Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Timo Hess
- Centre for Human Genetics, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Emily P Slater
- Departments of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Detlef K Bartsch
- Departments of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043, Marburg, Germany
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21
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Anzinger I, Nagel D, De Toni EN, Ofner A, Philipp AB, Holdt LM, Teupser D, Kolligs FT, Herbst A. Cell-free circulating ALU repeats in serum have a prognostic value for colorectal cancer patients. Cancer Biomark 2023:CBM210536. [PMID: 37302022 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is the only established serum biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC). To facilitate therapy decisions and improve the overall survival of CRC patients, prognostic biomarkers are required. OBJECTIVE We studied the prognostic value of five different cell free circulating DNA (fcDNA) fragments. The potential markers were ALU115, ALU247, LINE1-79, LINE1-300 and ND1-mt. METHODS The copy numbers of the DNA fragments were measured in the peripheral blood serum of 268 CRC patients using qPCR, the results were compared to common and previously described markers. RESULTS We found that ALU115 and ALU247 fcDNA levels correlate significantly with several clinicopathological parameters. An increased amount of ALU115 and ALU247 fcDNA fragments coincides with methylation of HPP1 (P< 0.001; P< 0.01), which proved to be a prognostic marker itself in former studies and also with increased CEA level (P< 0.001). ALU115 and ALU247 can define patients with poor survival in UICC stage IV (Alu115: HR = 2.9; 95% Cl 1.8-4.8, P< 0.001; Alu247: HR = 2.2; 95% Cl 1.3-3.6; P= 0.001). Combining ALU115 and HPP1, the prognostic value in UICC stage IV is highly significant (P< 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that an increased level of ALU fcDNA is an independent prognostic biomarker for advanced colorectal cancer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Anzinger
- Department of Urology, St. Elisabeth Hospital, Straubing, Germany
| | - Dorothea Nagel
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Enrico N De Toni
- Medical Department 2, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Ofner
- Medical Department 2, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander B Philipp
- Medical Department 2, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Lesca M Holdt
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Teupser
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Herbst
- Medical Department 2, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
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22
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Bhoopathi P, Mannangatti P, Das SK, Fisher PB, Emdad L. Chemoresistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Overcoming resistance to therapy. Adv Cancer Res 2023; 159:285-341. [PMID: 37268399 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a prominent cause of cancer deaths worldwide, is a highly aggressive cancer most frequently detected at an advanced stage that limits treatment options to systemic chemotherapy, which has provided only marginal positive clinical outcomes. More than 90% of patients with PDAC die within a year of being diagnosed. PDAC is increasing at a rate of 0.5-1.0% per year, and it is expected to be the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality by 2030. The resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic drugs, which can be innate or acquired, is the primary factor contributing to the ineffectiveness of cancer treatments. Although many PDAC patients initially responds to standard of care (SOC) drugs they soon develop resistance caused partly by the substantial cellular heterogeneity seen in PDAC tissue and the tumor microenvironment (TME), which are considered key factors contributing to resistance to therapy. A deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in PDAC progression and metastasis development, and the interplay of the TME in all these processes is essential to better comprehend the etiology and pathobiology of chemoresistance observed in PDAC. Recent research has recognized new therapeutic targets ushering in the development of innovative combinatorial therapies as well as enhancing our comprehension of several different cell death pathways. These approaches facilitate the lowering of the therapeutic threshold; however, the possibility of subsequent resistance development still remains a key issue and concern. Discoveries, that can target PDAC resistance, either alone or in combination, have the potential to serve as the foundation for future treatments that are effective without posing undue health risks. In this chapter, we discuss potential causes of PDAC chemoresistance and approaches for combating chemoresistance by targeting different pathways and different cellular functions associated with and mediating resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Bhoopathi
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Padmanabhan Mannangatti
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
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23
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Cipora E, Czerw A, Partyka O, Pajewska M, Badowska-Kozakiewicz A, Fudalej M, Sygit K, Kaczmarski M, Krzych-Fałta E, Jurczak A, Karakiewicz-Krawczyk K, Wieder-Huszla S, Banaś T, Bandurska E, Ciećko W, Kosior DA, Kułak P, Deptała A. Quality of Life in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer-A Literature Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4895. [PMID: 36981803 PMCID: PMC10048931 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the malignant disease with the highest mortality rate, and it ranks third in the world after lung and colon cancer. Identified factors that increase the risk of developing pancreatic cancer include chronic pancreatitis, radiation therapy to the pancreatic area due to another cancer, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, and age. The objective of this study was to present the current state of knowledge on the quality of life of patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, factors that determine QoL, and ways of coping with the disease. The low curability and low survival rates of pancreatic cancer significantly affect the quality of life of patients, often in the form of significant deterioration, especially in terms of mental changes, cognitive functions, and coping with the disease. Cognitive decline with comorbid depression is also typical for patients with this type of cancer. Research has shown that the health-related quality of life of patients with pancreatic cancer is low, so further research is needed to improve the situation in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Cipora
- Medical Institute, Jan Grodek State University in Sanok, 38-500 Sanok, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Czerw
- Department of Economic and System Analyses, National Institute of Public Health NIH—National Research Institute, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Health Economics and Medical Law, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olga Partyka
- Department of Economic and System Analyses, National Institute of Public Health NIH—National Research Institute, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Health Economics and Medical Law, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Pajewska
- Department of Economic and System Analyses, National Institute of Public Health NIH—National Research Institute, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Marta Fudalej
- Department of Oncology Propaedeutics, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sygit
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kaczmarski
- Medical Institute, Jan Grodek State University in Sanok, 38-500 Sanok, Poland
| | - Edyta Krzych-Fałta
- Department of Basic Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Jurczak
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Sylwia Wieder-Huszla
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Banaś
- Department of Radiotherapy, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Centre, 31-115 Cracow, Poland
| | - Ewa Bandurska
- Center for Competence Development, Integrated Care and e-Health, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Weronika Ciećko
- Center for Competence Development, Integrated Care and e-Health, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dariusz Artur Kosior
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Science, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Kułak
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension with Electrophysiological Lab, Central Research Hospital, The Ministry of the Interior and Administration, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Deptała
- Department of Oncology Propaedeutics, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
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Tirilomi A, Elakad O, Yao S, Li Y, Hinterthaner M, Danner BC, Ströbel P, Tirilomis T, Bohnenberger H, von Hammerstein-Equord A. Expression and prognostic impact of DNA-PK in human lung cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33143. [PMID: 36862864 PMCID: PMC9981429 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Among all cancer patient's lung cancer is the leading cause of death. Prognostic biomarkers continue to be investigated for the detection and stratification of lung cancer for clinical use. The DNA-dependent protein kinase is involved in mechanisms of DNA damage repair. Deregulation and overexpression of DNA-dependent protein kinase is associated with poor prognosis in various tumor entities. In this study, we investigated the expression of DNA-dependent protein kinase in relation to clinicopathological features and overall survival in patients with lung cancer. By immunohistochemistry, expression of DNA-dependent protein kinase was analyzed in 205 cases of lung cancer; 95 cases of adenocarcinoma, 83 cases of squamous cell lung carcinoma and 27 cases of small cell lung cancer and correlated with clinicopathological characteristics as well as patient's overall survival. In patients with adenocarcinoma, a significant correlation between strong expression of DNA-dependent protein kinase and worse overall survival was found. No significant association was observed in patients with squamous cell lung carcinoma and small cell lung cancer. Strong detection of DNA-dependent protein kinase expression was most evident in small cell lung cancer (81.48 %), followed by squamous cell lung carcinoma (62.65 %) and adenocarcinoma (61.05 %). In our study, expression of DNA-dependent protein kinase was associated with poor overall survival in patients with adenocarcinoma. DNA-dependent protein kinase could serve as a new prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tirilomi
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Omar Elakad
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sha Yao
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yuchan Li
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marc Hinterthaner
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard C. Danner
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Ströbel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Theodor Tirilomis
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Alexander von Hammerstein-Equord
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
- * Correspondence: Alexander von Hammerstein-Equord, Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Göttingen 37075, Germany (e-mail: )
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25
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Ayasun R, Saridogan T, Gaber O, Sahin IH. Systemic Therapy for Patients With Pancreatic Cancer: Current Approaches and Opportunities for Novel Avenues Toward Precision Medicine. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2023; 22:2-11. [PMID: 36418197 PMCID: PMC11219281 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis with a 5-year overall survival of 11%. The disease is usually diagnosed at advanced stages, and systemic chemotherapy is the standard-of-care treatment for the majority of patients with PDAC. Although novel treatment options, such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy, have achieved substantial progress leading to practice-changing results, with FDA approvals for several solid tumors so far, the progress achieved for PDAC is relatively limited. Recent studies uncovered potential therapeutic targets for patients with PDAC, and potential therapeutic opportunities are currently being further examined. Herein, we review recent advances in systemic therapy regimens, including cytotoxic agents, targeted therapies, immunotherapy, and novel therapeutic options for managing patients with PDAC. We also elaborate on molecular profiling to guide treatment and existing therapeutic opportunities that may further advance the clinical care of patients with this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ola Gaber
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ibrahim Halil Sahin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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26
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Seifert L, Weitz J. [Familial pancreatic cancer syndrome]. CHIRURGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 94:406-411. [PMID: 36799964 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-023-01819-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to many other malignant entities the risk factors for pancreatic cancer are mostly unknown. Hereditary factors are causative in about 3-6% of all pancreatic cancers. In addition to hereditary tumor disposition syndromes and hereditary pancreatitis, the familial pancreatic cancer syndrome accounts for about 75% of all hereditary pancreatic cancers. A familial pancreatic cancer syndrome is present when at least two first-degree relatives in a family have histologically proven pancreatic cancer and there are no criteria for another hereditary syndrome. An underlying uniform monogenetic gene defect in familial pancreatic cancer syndrome is currently unknown and a germline mutation in the BRCA2 gene is so far the most frequently identified genetic alteration. Patients at risk for familial pancreatic cancer should be offered participation in registry studies with associated early detection programs (e.g., the FaPaCa registry). These enable the detection of high-grade neoplasms and pancreatic cancer in the early stages, which appears to reduce mortality; however, the detected pancreatic lesions are often incorrectly diagnostically classified, and patients undergo complex pancreatic resection despite benign findings. Finally, studies have so far not been able to clearly clarify whether patients at risk benefit from an early detection program. According to current data, prophylactic operations are not indicated for familial pancreatic cancer syndrome and should only be performed if there is evidence of a suspicious finding that requires resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Seifert
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Viszeral‑, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland.
| | - Jürgen Weitz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Viszeral‑, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland
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27
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Kanter F, Lellmann J, Thiele H, Kalloger S, Schaeffer DF, Wellmann A, Klein O. Classification of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Using MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging Combined with Neural Networks. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030686. [PMID: 36765644 PMCID: PMC9913229 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous diagnostic and therapeutic advances, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a high mortality rate, and is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in developing countries. Besides its increasing prevalence, pancreatic malignancies are characterized by poor prognosis. Omics technologies have potential relevance for PDAC assessment but are time-intensive and relatively cost-intensive and limited by tissue heterogeneity. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) can obtain spatially distinct peptide-signatures and enables tumor classification within a feasible time with relatively low cost. While MALDI-MSI data sets are inherently large, machine learning methods have the potential to greatly decrease processing time. We present a pilot study investigating the potential of MALDI-MSI in combination with neural networks, for classification of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Neural-network models were trained to distinguish between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and other pancreatic cancer types. The proposed methods are able to correctly classify the PDAC types with an accuracy of up to 86% and a sensitivity of 82%. This study demonstrates that machine learning tools are able to identify different pancreatic carcinoma from complex MALDI data, enabling fast prediction of large data sets. Our results encourage a more frequent use of MALDI-MSI and machine learning in histopathological studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Kanter
- Institute of Mathematics and Image Computing, Universität zu Lübeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Jan Lellmann
- Institute of Mathematics and Image Computing, Universität zu Lübeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (O.K.)
| | - Herbert Thiele
- Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Steve Kalloger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - David F. Schaeffer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1G1, Canada
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Axel Wellmann
- Institute of Pathology, Wittinger Strasse 14, 29223 Celle, Germany
| | - Oliver Klein
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (O.K.)
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28
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Ha CSR, Müller-Nurasyid M, Petrera A, Hauck SM, Marini F, Bartsch DK, Slater EP, Strauch K. Proteomics biomarker discovery for individualized prevention of familial pancreatic cancer using statistical learning. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280399. [PMID: 36701413 PMCID: PMC9879447 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The low five-year survival rate of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and the low diagnostic rate of early-stage PDAC via imaging highlight the need to discover novel biomarkers and improve the current screening procedures for early diagnosis. Familial pancreatic cancer (FPC) describes the cases of PDAC that are present in two or more individuals within a circle of first-degree relatives. Using innovative high-throughput proteomics, we were able to quantify the protein profiles of individuals at risk from FPC families in different potential pre-cancer stages. However, the high-dimensional proteomics data structure challenges the use of traditional statistical analysis tools. Hence, we applied advanced statistical learning methods to enhance the analysis and improve the results' interpretability. METHODS We applied model-based gradient boosting and adaptive lasso to deal with the small, unbalanced study design via simultaneous variable selection and model fitting. In addition, we used stability selection to identify a stable subset of selected biomarkers and, as a result, obtain even more interpretable results. In each step, we compared the performance of the different analytical pipelines and validated our approaches via simulation scenarios. RESULTS In the simulation study, model-based gradient boosting showed a more accurate prediction performance in the small, unbalanced, and high-dimensional datasets than adaptive lasso and could identify more relevant variables. Furthermore, using model-based gradient boosting, we discovered a subset of promising serum biomarkers that may potentially improve the current screening procedure of FPC. CONCLUSION Advanced statistical learning methods helped us overcome the shortcomings of an unbalanced study design in a valuable clinical dataset. The discovered serum biomarkers provide us with a clear direction for further investigations and more precise clinical hypotheses regarding the development of FPC and optimal strategies for its early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Shing Rex Ha
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), LMU Munich, Munich, Germanys
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Pettenkofer School of Public Health Munich, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Agnese Petrera
- Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core Facility, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core Facility, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Federico Marini
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Detlef K. Bartsch
- Department of Visceral-, Thoracic- and Vascular Surgery, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Emily P. Slater
- Department of Visceral-, Thoracic- and Vascular Surgery, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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29
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Teoh AYB, Ma MTW, Aabakken L, Seo DW, Reddy DN. International cross-sectional survey on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography training by the World Endoscopy Organization. Dig Endosc 2023; 35:103-110. [PMID: 35837757 DOI: 10.1111/den.14404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has revolutionized the treatment of many pancreaticobiliary conditions. However, little is known about the global practices, training programs, and credentialing of the procedure. The aim of the current study is to address the above questions. METHODS This was an international cross-sectional survey conducted between October 2020 and May 2021. Participating countries were requested to complete an online survey on ERCP services and training. RESULTS Eighty-nine countries responded to the survey. There were significant increases in the proportion of ERCP services provided by the government (P < 0.0001), number of endoscopists per million of population (P < 0.0001), and number of institutions per million of population (P < 0.0001) from low to high human development index (HDI). Eighteen percent of the countries offer the procedure as part of a standard training program, 68.5% do not follow a standardized training curriculum. Risk factors for higher incidence and mortality from pancreatic cancers include higher HDI category, smaller population, a larger number of endoscopists proficient in ERCP, and lower number of institutions providing ERCP training. Countries with very high HDI have four times higher incidence and mortality from pancreatic cancers as compared to those with low HDI. CONCLUSIONS There is still an ongoing need for improving ERCP training in low to very high HDI countries. A structured training program is still lacking in many parts of the world. With increasing incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancers, particularly in high HDI countries, there is a need for further increasing facilities for ERCP training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Yuen Bun Teoh
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Mark Tsz Wah Ma
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Lars Aabakken
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dong Wan Seo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D Nageshwar Reddy
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India
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30
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de Jesus VHF, Riechelmann RP. Current Treatment of Potentially Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Medical Oncologist's Perspective. Cancer Control 2023; 30:10732748231173212. [PMID: 37115533 PMCID: PMC10155028 DOI: 10.1177/10732748231173212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has traditionally been associated with a dismal prognosis, even in early stages of the disease. In recent years, the introduction of newer generation chemotherapy regimens in the adjuvant setting has improved the survival of patients treated with upfront resection. However, there are multiple theoretical advantages to deliver early systemic therapy in patients with localized pancreatic cancer. So far, the evidence supports the use of neoadjuvant therapy for patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer. The benefit of this treatment sequence for patients with resectable disease remains elusive. In this review, we summarize the data on adjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer and describe which evidence backs the use of neoadjuvant therapy. Additionally, we address important issues faced in clinical practice when treating patients with localized pancreatic cancer.
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31
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Rižner TL, Romano A. Targeting the formation of estrogens for treatment of hormone dependent diseases-current status. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1155558. [PMID: 37188267 PMCID: PMC10175629 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1155558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Local formation and action of estrogens have crucial roles in hormone dependent cancers and benign diseases like endometriosis. Drugs that are currently used for the treatment of these diseases act at the receptor and at the pre-receptor levels, targeting the local formation of estrogens. Since 1980s the local formation of estrogens has been targeted by inhibitors of aromatase that catalyses their formation from androgens. Steroidal and non-steroidal inhibitors have successfully been used to treat postmenopausal breast cancer and have also been evaluated in clinical studies in patients with endometrial, ovarian cancers and endometriosis. Over the past decade also inhibitors of sulfatase that catalyses the hydrolysis of inactive estrogen-sulfates entered clinical trials for treatment of breast, endometrial cancers and endometriosis, with clinical effects observed primarily in breast cancer. More recently, inhibitors of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1, an enzyme responsible for formation of the most potent estrogen, estradiol, have shown promising results in preclinical studies and have already entered clinical evaluation for endometriosis. This review aims to provide an overview of the current status of the use of hormonal drugs for the major hormone-dependent diseases. Further, it aims to explain the mechanisms behind the -sometimes- observed weak effects and low therapeutic efficacy of these drugs and the possibilities and the advantages of combined treatments targeting several enzymes in the local estrogen formation, or drugs acting with different therapeutic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tea Lanišnik Rižner
- Laboratory for Molecular Basis of Hormone-Dependent Diseases and Biomarkers, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- *Correspondence: Tea Lanišnik Rižner, ; Andrea Romano,
| | - Andrea Romano
- GROW Department of Gynaecology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML)/GROW-School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Tea Lanišnik Rižner, ; Andrea Romano,
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32
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Amrutkar M, Verbeke CS, Finstadsveen AV, Dorg L, Labori KJ, Gladhaug IP. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with an altered metabolic profile and increased cancer stemness in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Mol Oncol 2022; 17:59-81. [PMID: 36400567 PMCID: PMC9812839 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The modest clinical benefits of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAT) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are associated with a lack of robust data on treatment-induced changes in the tumor. To this end, comparative proteomic profiling of tumor tissue samples from treatment-naïve (TN, n = 20) and NAT-treated (n = 22) PDACs was performed. Differentially expressed proteins were identified and correlation with overall survival (OS) was performed. Tumors were also examined for histopathological changes and expression of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers. Serum from 33 matched patients was analyzed for metabolic markers. Cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of CSC markers were assessed in chemoresistant Panc-1 and Mia PaCa-2 cells. Of the 2265 proteins identified, 227 and 144 proteins showed significantly altered expression and differential phosphorylation, respectively, in NAT compared with TN samples. The majority of these were metabolism-related proteins, and 14 of these correlated moderately with OS. NAT-treated tumors and chemoresistant cancer cells showed increased expression of CSC markers. Serum ALDH1A1 was higher in NAT compared with TN. Differentially phosphorylated proteins were mainly involved in cytoskeleton organization, cell locomotion, motility, and migration, and 17 of these showed a strong positive correlation with OS. This study provides evidence of the effects of NAT on PDAC metabolism at both the tumor and the systemic levels. NAT-treated tumors showed significantly lower expression of metabolic proteins, and patients who underwent NAT showed reduced serum lactate and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Lastly, cancer cells that survived cytotoxic treatment expressed higher CSC markers, both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Amrutkar
- Department of PathologyOslo University HospitalNorway,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloNorway
| | - Caroline S. Verbeke
- Department of PathologyOslo University HospitalNorway,Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloNorway
| | | | - Linda Dorg
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloNorway
| | - Knut Jørgen Labori
- Department of Hepato‐Pancreato‐Biliary Surgery, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloNorway,Department of Hepato‐Pancreato‐Biliary SurgeryOslo University HospitalNorway
| | - Ivar P. Gladhaug
- Department of Hepato‐Pancreato‐Biliary Surgery, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloNorway,Department of Hepato‐Pancreato‐Biliary SurgeryOslo University HospitalNorway
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33
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Zhou Q, Chen D, Zhang J, Xiang J, Zhang T, Wang H, Zhang Y. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma holds unique features to form an immunosuppressive microenvironment: a narrative review. JOURNAL OF PANCREATOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1097/jp9.0000000000000109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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34
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Koopaie M, Kolahdooz S, Fatahzadeh M, Aleedawi ZA. Salivary noncoding RNA in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest 2022; 52:e13848. [PMID: 35906804 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is considered one of the most deadly malignancies, primarily because of its diagnostic challenges. We performed a systematic review and diagnostic meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic value of noncoding salivary RNAs in pancreatic cancer diagnosis. METHODS Our investigation involved pertinent studies published in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LIVIVO, Ovid and also the Google Scholar search engine. Specificity and sensitivity were calculated, as were positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR), and the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). The summary receiver-operating characteristics and area under the curve were plotted and assessed. RESULTS This meta-analysis and systematic review involved and examined five studies that contained 145 study units with a total of 2731 subjects (1465 pancreatic cancer patients versus 1266 noncancer controls). The pooled specificity, sensitivity, NLR, PLR and DOR were 0.783 (95% CI: 0.759-0.805), 0.829 (95% CI: 0.809-0.848), 0.309 (95% CI: 0.279-0.343), 3.386 (95% CI: 2.956-3.879) and 18.403 (95% CI: 14.753-22.954), respectively, with the area under the curve (AUC) equal to 0.882. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on the saliva type (unstimulated and stimulated), mean age of patients, sample size, type of control, serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) level and type of salivary noncoding RNA (microRNA (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)). CONCLUSIONS The results of our systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that noncoding RNA biomarkers in the stimulated saliva could be a promising approach for accurate pancreatic cancer diagnosis in the early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahnaz Fatahzadeh
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Zainab Abdulkareem Aleedawi
- School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Dentist, Private Dental Clinic, Beirut, Lebanon
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35
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Troumpoukis D, Papadimitropoulou A, Charalampous C, Kogionou P, Palamaris K, Sarantis P, Serafimidis I. Targeting autophagy in pancreatic cancer: The cancer stem cell perspective. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1049436. [PMID: 36505808 PMCID: PMC9730023 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1049436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is currently the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with the estimated death toll approaching half a million annually. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common (>90% of cases) and most aggressive form of pancreatic cancer, with extremely poor prognosis and very low survival rates. PDAC is initiated by genetic alterations, usually in the oncogene KRAS and tumor suppressors CDKN2A, TP53 and SMAD4, which in turn affect a number of downstream signaling pathways that regulate important cellular processes. One of the processes critically altered is autophagy, the mechanism by which cells clear away and recycle impaired or dysfunctional organelles, protein aggregates and other unwanted components, in order to achieve homeostasis. Autophagy plays conflicting roles in PDAC and has been shown to act both as a positive effector, promoting the survival of pancreatic tumor-initiating cells, and as a negative effector, increasing cytotoxicity in uncontrollably expanding cells. Recent findings have highlighted the importance of cancer stem cells in PDAC initiation, progression and metastasis. Pancreatic cancer stem cells (PaCSCs) comprise a small subpopulation of the pancreatic tumor, characterized by cellular plasticity and the ability to self-renew, and autophagy has been recognised as a key process in PaCSC maintenance and function, simultaneously suggesting new strategies to achieve their selective elimination. In this review we evaluate recent literature that links autophagy with PaCSCs and PDAC, focusing our discussion on the therapeutic implications of pharmacologically targeting autophagy in PaCSCs, as a means to treat PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Troumpoukis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Chrysanthi Charalampous
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Kogionou
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Kostas Palamaris
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Sarantis
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Serafimidis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece,*Correspondence: Ioannis Serafimidis,
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de Almeida MJ, Camandaroba MPG, Nassar AP, de Jesus VHF. Short-term survival of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer admitted to intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort study. Ecancermedicalscience 2022; 16:1475. [PMID: 36819828 PMCID: PMC9934886 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2022.1475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about the outcomes of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) due to medical complications. We designed a study to evaluate their short-term (30-day) survival, predictors of short-term survival and chances of additional chemotherapy. Methods We reviewed all patients with advanced (stage III or IV) pancreatic adenocarcinoma admitted to an ICU in a dedicated Brazilian cancer centre from 2009 to 2018 due to medical reasons. We fitted multivariate regression models to identify predictors of 30-day survival and additional systemic chemotherapy. Results The study population consisted of 171 patients. Ninety-four patients (55.0%) had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 2-4 and 146 (85.4%) had metastatic disease. Most patients (N = 75; 43.9%) were admitted to the ICU during first-line treatment. Median overall survival was 32 days (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 20-49). Survival rate at 30 days was 50.6%. ECOG performance status 2-4 was the only variable associated with lower probability of survival at 30 days in multivariate analysis (odds ratio: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.14-0.54; p < 0.001). Overall, 58 patients (33.9%) received additional chemotherapy and among all patients, 13.5% experienced clinical benefit from this treatment. Conclusion Patients with advanced pancreatic cancer admitted to the ICU for medical reasons have a dismal prognosis. Early palliative care and refined tools to establish those who would benefit from an ICU trial could help improve patients' care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Junqueira de Almeida
- Medical Oncology Department, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Rua Prof. Antônio Prudente, 211, São Paulo, SP 01509-010, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio Paulo Nassar
- Intensive Care Medicine Department, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Rua Prof. Antônio Prudente, 211, São Paulo, SP 01509-010, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Fonseca de Jesus
- Medical Oncology Department, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Rua Prof. Antônio Prudente, 211, São Paulo, SP 01509-010, Brazil,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4702-116X
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Hofmann FO, Miksch RC, Weniger M, Keck T, Anthuber M, Witzigmann H, Nuessler NC, Reissfelder C, Köninger J, Ghadimi M, Bartsch DK, Hartwig W, Angele MK, D’Haese JG, Werner J. Outcomes and risks in palliative pancreatic surgery: an analysis of the German StuDoQ|Pancreas registry. BMC Surg 2022; 22:389. [PMID: 36368993 PMCID: PMC9652845 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-022-01833-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-resectability is common in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) due to local invasion or distant metastases. Then, biliary or gastroenteric bypasses or both are often established despite associated morbidity and mortality. The current study explores outcomes after palliative bypass surgery in patients with non-resectable PDAC. Methods From the prospectively maintained German StuDoQ|Pancreas registry, all patients with histopathologically confirmed PDAC who underwent non-resective pancreatic surgery between 2013 and 2018 were retrospectively identified, and the influence of the surgical procedure on morbidity and mortality was analyzed. Results Of 389 included patients, 127 (32.6%) underwent explorative surgery only, and a biliary, gastroenteric or double bypass was established in 92 (23.7%), 65 (16.7%) and 105 (27.0%). After exploration only, patients had a significantly shorter stay in the intensive care unit (mean 0.5 days [SD 1.7] vs. 1.9 [3.6], 2.0 [2.8] or 2.1 [2.8]; P < 0.0001) and in the hospital (median 7 days [IQR 4–11] vs. 12 [10–18], 12 [8–19] or 12 [9–17]; P < 0.0001), and complications occurred less frequently (22/127 [17.3%] vs. 37/92 [40.2%], 29/65 [44.6%] or 48/105 [45.7%]; P < 0.0001). In multivariable logistic regression, biliary stents were associated with less major (Clavien–Dindo grade ≥ IIIa) complications (OR 0.49 [95% CI 0.25–0.96], P = 0.037), whereas—compared to exploration only—biliary, gastroenteric, and double bypass were associated with more major complications (OR 3.58 [1.48–8.64], P = 0.005; 3.50 [1.39–8.81], P = 0.008; 4.96 [2.15–11.43], P < 0.001). Conclusions In patients with non-resectable PDAC, biliary, gastroenteric or double bypass surgery is associated with relevant morbidity and mortality. Although surgical palliation is indicated if interventional alternatives are inapplicable, or life expectancy is high, less invasive options should be considered. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12893-022-01833-3.
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Du J, Zhu L, Sha H, Zou Z, Shen J, Kong W, Zhao L, Gu Q, Yu L, Qiu Y, Liu B. Therapeutic effect and safety of individualized chemotherapy combined with sequential immunotherapy based on BRCA1 mRNA expression level in unresectable pancreatic cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1015232. [PMID: 36387089 PMCID: PMC9663848 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1015232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of individualized chemotherapy combined with sequential immunotherapy based on BRCA1 mRNA expression in unresectable pancreatic cancer. METHODS The expression of BRCA1 mRNA in tumor tissues of 25 patients with pancreatic cancer was detected in this retrospective study. Patients in the medium and high expression groups were treated with paclitaxel-based chemotherapy: albumin paclitaxel 125mg/m2, gemcitabine 1g/m2, day 1. Patients in the low expression group were treated with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy: oxaliplatin 85mg/m2, gemcitabine 1g/m2, day 1. Sequential GM-CSF and IL-2 immunotherapy were applied. Patient condition, treatment efficacy and safety were assessed every 4 cycles. RESULTS A total of 25 patients were enrolled in the study. All of them were observed for toxic side effects and 24 of them were evaluated for efficacy. The median overall survival and median progression-free survival were 11.9 months and 6.3 months. The disease control rate was 91.7%, of which 37.5% (9/24) patients achieved partial remission (PR), 54.2% (13/24) patients achieved stable disease (SD) and 8.3% (2/24) patients were assessed as progressive disease(PD). Of the 15 patients with medium or high expression in BRCA1 mRNA, 7 achieved PR and 8 achieved SD. Of the 9 patients with low BRCA1 mRNA expression, 2 achieved PR, 5 achieved SD and 2 had PD. The proportion of eosinophils in the blood of some patients with good therapeutic effects was significantly higher than that before treatment. Hematological and non-hematological toxicity during the treatment were mostly grade 1~2. The two most common grade 3 to 4 adverse events were fever and thrombocytopenia. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that individualized selection of chemotherapy combined with sequential immunotherapy according to BRCA1 mRNA expression level in unresectable pancreatic cancer could control the disease and have controllable adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linxi Zhu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huizi Sha
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengyun Zou
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Shen
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Kong
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lianjun Zhao
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Gu
- National Institute of Healthcare Data Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lixia Yu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yudong Qiu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Baorui Liu, ; Yudong Qiu,
| | - Baorui Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Baorui Liu, ; Yudong Qiu,
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Alvand S, Roshandel G, Nejat P, Poustchi H. Pancreatic Cancer in Iran - Result of the Iranian National Cancer Registry Program. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:3825-3831. [PMID: 36444595 PMCID: PMC9930944 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.11.3825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this article, we aimed to report the incidence rate of PC at the national and regional levels of Iran from 2014 to 2017 for the first time based on the IARC protocols. METHODS The data was recruited from the Iranian national program of cancer registry, a national cancer registry program reformed in 2014 after including cancer diagnosis based on clinical judgment and death certificates. This registry includes data from the pathology laboratories and clinical sectors included with death certificates from 60 medical universities in 31 provinces of Iran. Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated at the national and regional levels. RESULTS From 2014 to 2017, 8851 new cases (males=60.46%) were diagnosed, with a mean age of 66.2 ± 19.6. Forty-one percent of the patients were diagnosed by microscopic verification, and 51% were diagnosed based on clinical judgment without microscopic verification and death certificates. The age-standardized incidence rate was measured as 3.45 per 100,000 in 2017, with the highest rates in individuals older than 85 (30.91 per 100,000), and the provinces of Qom, Tehran, and Isfahan recorded the highest incidence rates with 3.87, 3.85, and 3.66 per 100,000 respectively. CONCLUSIONS PC incidence in Iran is still lower than in western countries. However, the incidence from 2014 to 2017 is higher than previous national and regional reports and should not be overlooked. Improvement in the national cancer registry program and documentation may be reasons for this difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Alvand
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,For Correspondence:
| | - Gholamreza Roshandel
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Peyman Nejat
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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R. M. Metawea O, Teleb M, Haiba NS, Elzoghby AO, Khafaga AF, Noreldin AE, Khattab SN, Khalil HH. Folic acid-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-maltodextrin) nanohydrogels a novel thermo-/pH-responsive polymer for resveratrol breast cancer targeted therapy. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Hong Y, Lee S, Moon S, Sung S, Lim W, Kim K, An S, Choi J, Ko KP, Kim I, Lee JE, Park SK. Projection of Cancer Incidence and Mortality From 2020 to 2035 in the Korean Population Aged 20 Years and Older. J Prev Med Public Health 2022; 55:529-538. [PMID: 36475318 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.22.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify the current patterns of cancer incidence and estimate the projected cancer incidence and mortality between 2020 and 2035 in Korea. METHODS Data on cancer incidence cases were extracted from the Korean Statistical Information Service from 2000 to 2017, and data on cancer-related deaths were extracted from the National Cancer Center from 2000 to 2018. Cancer cases and deaths were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition. For the current patterns of cancer incidence, age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) and age-standardized mortality rates were investigated using the 2000 mid-year estimated population aged over 20 years and older. A joinpoint regression model was used to determine the 2020 to 2035 trends in cancer. RESULTS Overall, cancer cases were predicted to increase from 265 299 in 2020 to 474 085 in 2035 (growth rate: 1.8%). The greatest increase in the ASIR was projected for prostate cancer among male (7.84 vs. 189.53 per 100 000 people) and breast cancer among female (34.17 vs. 238.45 per 100 000 people) from 2000 to 2035. Overall cancer deaths were projected to increase from 81 717 in 2020 to 95 845 in 2035 (average annual growth rate: 1.2%). Although most cancer mortality rates were projected to decrease, those of breast, pancreatic, and ovarian cancer among female were projected to increase until 2035. CONCLUSIONS These up-to-date projections of cancer incidence and mortality in the Korean population may be a significant resource for implementing cancer-related regulations or developing cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjin Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangjun Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungji Moon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Cancer Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soseul Sung
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woojin Lim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungsik Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seokyung An
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeoungbin Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang-Pil Ko
- Clinical Preventive Medicine Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Inah Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sue K Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Erley J, Beitzen-Heineke A, Tahir E. [Cardiooncology-usefulness of cardiac MRI : Inflammation, fibrosis, outcome]. RADIOLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 62:941-946. [PMID: 35969245 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-022-01055-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With rapidly increasing survival chances of cancer patients, the potential side effects of cancer therapeutics are increasingly relevant and a potentially lifelong issue. If cardiotoxic effects are not detected at a reversible stage, this might result in irreversible heart failure. OBJECTIVES This article will portray the current state of knowledge on the use of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cardiac MRI) in the field of cardio-oncology. The aim is to provide an overview of the advantages of cardiac MRI to determine myocardial function and analyze inflammatory or fibrotic myocardial changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Current studies on this topic were collected and evaluated. Expert recommendations from various position papers were reviewed and summarized. Lastly, an MRI protocol to assess potential cardiotoxic effects of cancer therapeutics was discussed. RESULTS Up to 20% of patients are reported to suffer from cancer therapeutics-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). Especially those with cardiovascular risk factors should receive pre- and posttherapeutic monitoring of heart function. Cardiac MRI is currently suggested as an imaging tool to analyze myocardial function if echocardiographic assessment is insufficient. However, cardiac MRI is also an excellent method for additional tissue analysis. CONCLUSION Current consensus statements recommend cardiac MRI as optional in cases where echocardiography image quality is not adequate. Nevertheless, patients with reduced heart function on echocardiography might benefit from early assessment of inflammatory or fibrotic changes due to CTRCD using cardiac MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Erley
- Zentrum für Radiologie und Endoskopie, Klinik und Poliklinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20251, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Antonia Beitzen-Heineke
- Zentrum für Onkologie, II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (Onkologie, Hämatologie, Knochenmarktransplantation mit Abteilung für Pneumologie), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
- Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Institut für Tumorbiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Enver Tahir
- Zentrum für Radiologie und Endoskopie, Klinik und Poliklinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20251, Hamburg, Deutschland.
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Bulsei J, Chierici A, Alifano M, Castaldi A, Drai C, De Fatico S, Rosso E, Fontas E, Iannelli A. Bariatric surgery reduces the risk of pancreatic cancer in individuals with obesity before the age of 50 years: A nationwide administrative data study in France. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2022; 49:788-793. [PMID: 36376141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a well-established risk factor for pancreatic cancer. Bariatric surgery has demonstrated superior results in terms of weight loss and obesity-related comorbidities compared to medical and behavioral treatments. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of bariatric surgery on pancreatic cancer incidence in individuals with obesity. METHOD Individuals with a diagnosis of obesity were retrieved from the French national hospital discharge database. We conducted a cohort study comparing the risk to develop pancreatic cancer in individuals with obesity with and without history of bariatric surgery; the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method was performed to assess the uncertainty around the results. Moreover, a subgroup analysis according to age at the time of bariatric surgery was performed to study its impact on the risk of pancreatic cancer. Finally, possible differences depending on the type of bariatric procedure (sleeve gastrectomy vs Roux-en-Y gastric bypass) were also explored. RESULTS 160,129 (Bariatric Surgery group) and 1,263,804 (control group) patients with 5.2 ± 1.9 and 6.0 ± 1.9 years of follow-up respectively were included. A significant reduced risk to develop pancreatic cancer during follow-up was identified for the bariatric surgery group in the overall population (HR: 0.567). However, this reduced risk was only observed in the 18-50 years group. These results were furtherly confirmed after IPTW analysis. No difference was found between different bariatric procedures. CONCLUSION Bariatric surgery has a protective effect against pancreatic cancer in the 18-50 years population. High-quality prospective studies are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bulsei
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Andrea Chierici
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive, Centre Hospitalier d'Antibes Juan-les-Pins, 107, av. de Nice, 06600, Antibes, France
| | - Marco Alifano
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Cochin Hospital, APHP Centre, University of Paris, France; INSERM U1138 Team «Cancer, Immune Control, and Escape», Cordeliers Research Center, University of Paris, France
| | - Antonio Castaldi
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice - Digestive Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Archet 2 Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Céline Drai
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice - Digestive Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Archet 2 Hospital, Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Serena De Fatico
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice - Digestive Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Archet 2 Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Edoardo Rosso
- Unité des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif et Endocrine, Department of Surgery and Robotics, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, L-1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Eric Fontas
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Antonio Iannelli
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice - Digestive Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Archet 2 Hospital, Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; Inserm, U1065, Team 8 "Hepatic complications of obesity and alcohol", France.
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Kfoury S, Michl P, Roth L. Modeling Obesity-Driven Pancreatic Carcinogenesis-A Review of Current In Vivo and In Vitro Models of Obesity and Pancreatic Carcinogenesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193170. [PMID: 36231132 PMCID: PMC9563584 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common pancreatic malignancy with a 5-year survival rate below 10%, thereby exhibiting the worst prognosis of all solid tumors. Increasing incidence together with a continued lack of targeted treatment options will cause PDAC to be the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the western world by 2030. Obesity belongs to the predominant risk factors for pancreatic cancer. To improve our understanding of the impact of obesity on pancreatic cancer development and progression, novel laboratory techniques have been developed. In this review, we summarize current in vitro and in vivo models of PDAC and obesity as well as an overview of a variety of models to investigate obesity-driven pancreatic carcinogenesis. We start by giving an overview on different methods to cultivate adipocytes in vitro as well as various in vivo mouse models of obesity. Moreover, established murine and human PDAC cell lines as well as organoids are summarized and the genetically engineered models of PCAC compared to xenograft models are introduced. Finally, we review published in vitro and in vivo models studying the impact of obesity on PDAC, enabling us to decipher the molecular basis of obesity-driven pancreatic carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Kfoury
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin-Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Strasse 40, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Patrick Michl
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin-Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Strasse 40, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Laura Roth
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin-Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Strasse 40, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Oroń M, Grochowski M, Jaiswar A, Legierska J, Jastrzębski K, Nowak-Niezgoda M, Kołos M, Kaźmierczak W, Olesiński T, Lenarcik M, Cybulska M, Mikula M, Żylicz A, Miączyńska M, Zettl K, Wiśniewski JR, Walerych D. The molecular network of the proteasome machinery inhibition response is orchestrated by HSP70, revealing vulnerabilities in cancer cells. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111428. [PMID: 36170818 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteasome machinery is a major proteostasis control system in human cells, actively compensated upon its inhibition. To understand this compensation, we compared global protein landscapes upon the proteasome inhibition with carfilzomib, in normal fibroblasts, cells of multiple myeloma, and cancers of lung, colon, and pancreas. Molecular chaperones, autophagy, and endocytosis-related proteins are the most prominent vulnerabilities in combination with carfilzomib, while targeting of the HSP70 family chaperones HSPA1A/B most specifically sensitizes cancer cells to the proteasome inhibition. This suggests a central role of HSP70 in the suppression of the proteasome downregulation, allowing to identify pathways impinging on HSP70 upon the proteasome inhibition. HSPA1A/B indeed controls proteasome-inhibition-induced autophagy, unfolded protein response, and endocytic flux, and directly chaperones the proteasome machinery. However, it does not control the NRF1/2-driven proteasome subunit transcriptional bounce-back. Consequently, targeting of NRF1 proves effective in decreasing the viability of cancer cells with the inhibited proteasome and HSP70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Oroń
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Kamil Jastrzębski
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Małgorzata Kołos
- Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alicja Żylicz
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Miączyńska
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Dawid Walerych
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute PAS, Warsaw, Poland.
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Ragab EM, El Gamal DM, Mohamed TM, Khamis AA. Therapeutic potential of chrysin nanoparticle-mediation inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase and ubiquinone oxidoreductase in pancreatic and lung adenocarcinoma. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:172. [PMID: 36076266 PMCID: PMC9461199 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00803-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and lung cancer are expected to represent the most common cancer types worldwide until 2030. Under typical conditions, mitochondria provide the bulk of the energy needed to sustain cell life. For that inhibition of mitochondrial complex ΙΙ (CΙΙ) and ubiquinone oxidoreductase with natural treatments may represent a promising cancer treatment option. A naturally occurring flavonoid with biological anti-cancer effects is chyrsin. Due to their improved bioavailability, penetrative power, and efficacy, chitosan–chrysin nano-formulations (CCNPs) are being used in medicine with increasing frequency. Chitosan (cs) is also regarded as a highly versatile and adaptable polymer. The cationic properties of Cs, together with its biodegradability, high adsorption capacity, biocompatibility, effect on permeability, ability to form films, and adhesive properties, are advantages. In addition, Cs is thought to be both safe and economical. CCNPs may indeed be therapeutic candidates in the treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and lung cancer by blocking succinate ubiquinone oxidoreductase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Ragab
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Doaa M El Gamal
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Tarek M Mohamed
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Abeer A Khamis
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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Impact of demographic changes and screening colonoscopy on long-term projection of incident colorectal cancer cases in Germany: A modelling study. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2022; 20:100451. [PMID: 35799615 PMCID: PMC9253902 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Kirchweger P, Kupferthaler A, Burghofer J, Webersinke G, Jukic E, Schwendinger S, Wundsam H, Biebl M, Petzer A, Rumpold H. Prediction of response to systemic treatment by kinetics of circulating tumor DNA in metastatic pancreatic cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:902177. [PMID: 36110940 PMCID: PMC9468369 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.902177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pretherapeutic detectable circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) represents a promising prognostic biomarker for predicting relapse and overall survival in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. However, the prognostic value of ctDNA dynamics during treatment has not been studied thus far. We aimed to investigate the correlation between the change of ctDNA levels and response to treatment in patients treated by systemic therapy. Material and methods CtDNA detection using liquid biopsy (droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) utilizing KRAS G12/13 and, if negative, Q61 commercial test kits) was prospectively performed on patients with stage IV pancreatic cancer i) prior to initiation of systemic chemotherapy and ii) serially every 2 weeks until restaging. Detection rates, levels of ctDNA, and the course of the relative ctDNA change (ctDNA kinetics) were correlated to treatment response and clinical outcome. Results The detection rate at baseline was 64.3% (45/70), and complete serial measurement records were available for 32 ctDNA-positive patients. Reduction of ctDNA levels below 57.9% of its baseline value at week 2 after treatment initiation was significantly predictive of response to treatment (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.918, sensitivity 91.67%, and specificity 100%) and was associated with prolonged overall survival (OS) (5.7 vs. 11.4 months, p = 0.006) and progression-free survival (PFS) (2.5 vs. 7.7 months, p < 0.000) regardless of treatment line. Pretherapeutic ctDNA detection was independently associated with worse OS in patients receiving a first-line regimen (7 vs. 11.3 months, p = 0.046) and regardless of treatment line (11.4 vs. 15.9 months, p = 0.045) as well as worse PFS (3.4 vs. 10.8 months, p = 0.018). Conclusion The change in magnitude of ctDNA during systemic treatment allows the prediction of treatment response and is associated with both OS and PFS. This finding adds significant clinical potential to the already established prognostic value of ctDNA positivity in metastatic pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Kirchweger
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Ordensklinikum Linz, Linz, Austria
- Department of Surgery, Ordensklinikum Linz, Linz, Austria
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Alexander Kupferthaler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Ordensklinikum Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Jonathan Burghofer
- Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Diagnostics, Ordensklinikum Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Gerald Webersinke
- Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Diagnostics, Ordensklinikum Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Emina Jukic
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Simon Schwendinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helwig Wundsam
- Department of Surgery, Ordensklinikum Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Matthias Biebl
- Department of Surgery, Ordensklinikum Linz, Linz, Austria
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Andreas Petzer
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine I for Hematology with Stem Cell Transplantation, Hemostaseology and Medical Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Holger Rumpold
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Ordensklinikum Linz, Linz, Austria
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
- *Correspondence: Holger Rumpold,
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Characterization of core fucosylation via sequential enzymatic treatments of intact glycopeptides and mass spectrometry analysis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3910. [PMID: 35798744 PMCID: PMC9262967 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31472-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Core fucosylation of N-linked glycoproteins has been linked to the functions of glycoproteins in physiological and pathological processes. However, quantitative characterization of core fucosylation remains challenging due to the complexity and heterogeneity of N-linked glycosylation. Here we report a mass spectrometry-based method that employs sequential treatment of intact glycopeptides with enzymes (STAGE) to analyze site-specific core fucosylation of glycoproteins. The STAGE method utilizes Endo F3 followed by PNGase F treatment to generate mass signatures for glycosites that are formerly modified by core fucosylated N-linked glycans. We benchmark the STAGE method and use it to characterize site specific core fucosylation of glycoproteins from human hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, resulting in the identification of 1130 and 782 core fucosylated glycosites, respectively. These results indicate that our STAGE method enables quantitative characterization of core fucosylation events from complex protein mixtures, which may benefit our understanding of core fucosylation functions in various diseases.
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Simultaneous Gemcitabine and Percutaneous CT-Guided Irreversible Electroporation for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3523769. [PMID: 35747123 PMCID: PMC9213186 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3523769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new local ablation technique for pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study is to analyse the safety and effectiveness of simultaneous gemcitabine and percutaneous CT-guided IRE for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Materials and Methods From October 2016 to January 2018, 61 patients with LAPC who received simultaneous gemcitabine and IRE therapy (GEM-IRE group, n = 31) or IRE alone therapy (IRE group, n = 30). Routine intravenous gemcitabine chemotherapy was performed 2 weeks after IRE in both groups. Results Technical success rates were 90.0% (27/30) and 93.3% (28/30) in the GEM-IRE and IRE groups. Compared with the IRE group, the GEM-IRE group exhibited longer overall survival (OS), local tumor progression free survival (LTPFS), and distant disease free survival (DDFS) from IRE (OS, 17.1 vs. 14.2 months, p=0.031; LTPFS, 14.6 vs. 10.2 months, p=0.045; DDFS, 15.4 vs. 11.7 months, p=0.071). Multivariate Cox regression analysis results suggested that tumor volume ≤37 cm3 and simultaneous gemcitabine with IRE were significant independent prognostic factors of OS, LTPFS, and DDFS. Four major adverse reactions occurred; all of them were resolved after symptomatic treatment. Conclusions Simultaneous gemcitabine and percutaneous CT-guided IRE therapy model was effective and well-tolerated therapeutic strategy in LAPC patients.
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