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Sura MB, Cheng YX. Medicinal plant resin natural products: structural diversity and biological activities. Nat Prod Rep 2024. [PMID: 38787644 DOI: 10.1039/d4np00007b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Covering: up to the mid of 2023Plants secrete defense resins rich in small-molecule natural products under abiotic and biotic stresses. This comprehensive review encompasses the literature published up to mid-2023 on medicinal plant resin natural products from six main contributor genera, featuring 275 citations that refer to 1115 structurally diverse compounds. The scope of this review extends to include essential information such as the racemic nature of metabolites found in different species of plant resins, source of resins, and revised structures. Additionally, we carefully analyze the reported biological activities of resins, organizing them based on the their structures. The findings offer important insights into the relationship between their structure and activity. Furthermore, this detailed examination can be valuable for researchers and scientists in the field of medicinal plant resin natural products and will promote continued exploration and progress in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Babu Sura
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Ingredients and Gut Microbiomics, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Yong-Xian Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Ingredients and Gut Microbiomics, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Kotb EA, El-Shiekh RA, Abd-Elsalam WH, El Sayed NSED, El Tanbouly N, El Senousy AS. Protective potential of frankincense essential oil and its loaded solid lipid nanoparticles against UVB-induced photodamage in rats via MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways; A promising anti-aging therapy. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294067. [PMID: 38127865 PMCID: PMC10735031 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Frankincense oil has gained increased popularity in skin care, yet its anti-aging effect remains unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the anti-photoaging effect of frankincense (Boswellia papyrifera (Del.) Hochst., Family Burseraceae) essential oil in an in vivo model. The oil was initially extracted by two methods: hydro-distillation (HD) and microwave-assisted hydro-distillation (MAHD). GC/MS analysis revealed the dominance of n-octyl acetate, along with other marker compounds of B. papyrifera including octanol and diterpene components (verticilla 4(20) 7, 11-triene and incensole acetate). Thereafter, preliminary investigation of the anti-collagenase and anti-elastase activities of the extracted oils revealed the superior anti-aging effect of HD-extracted oil (FO), comparable to epigallocatechin gallate. FO was subsequently formulated into solid lipid nanoparticles (FO-SLNs) via high shear homogenization to improve its solubility and skin penetration characteristics prior to in vivo testing. The optimimal formulation prepared with 0.5% FO, and 4% Tween® 80, demonstrated nanosized spherical particles with high entrapment efficiency percentage and sustained release for 8 hours. The anti-photoaging effect of FO and FO-SLNs was then evaluated in UVB-irradiated hairless rats, compared to Vitamin A palmitate as a positive standard. FO and FO-SLNs restored the antioxidant capacity (SOD and CAT) and prohibited inflammatory markers (IL6, NFκB p65) in UVB-irradiated rats via downregulation of MAPK (pERK, pJNK, and pp38) and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, alongside upregulating TGF-β expression. Subsequently, our treatments induced Procollagen I synthesis and downregulation of MMPs (MMP1, MMP9), where FO-SLNs exhibited superior anti-photoaging effect, compared to FO and Vitamin A, highlighting the use of SLNs as a promising nanocarrier for FO. In particular, FO-SLNs revealed normal epidermal and dermal histological structures, protected against UVβ-induced epidermal thickness and dermal collagen degradation. Our results indicated the potential use of FO-SLNs as a promising topical anti-aging therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A. Kotb
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Riham A. El-Shiekh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wessam H. Abd-Elsalam
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Nebal El Tanbouly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Bhargav P, Chaurasia S, Kumar A, Srivastava G, Pant Y, Chanotiya CS, Ghosh S. Unraveling the terpene synthase family and characterization of BsTPS2 contributing to (S)-( +)-linalool biosynthesis in Boswellia. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:219-236. [PMID: 37898975 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-023-01384-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Boswellia tree bark exudes oleo-gum resin in response to wounding, which is rich in terpene volatiles. But, the molecular and biochemical basis of wound-induced formation of resin volatiles remains poorly understood. Here, we combined RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and metabolite analysis to unravel the terpene synthase (TPS) family contributing to wound-induced biosynthesis of resin volatiles in B. serrata, an economically-important Boswellia species. The analysis of large-scale RNA-seq data of bark and leaf samples representing more than 600 million sequencing reads led to the identification of 32 TPSs, which were classified based on phylogenetic relationship into various TPSs families found in angiosperm species such as TPS-a, b, c, e/f, and g. Moreover, RNA-seq analysis of bark samples collected at 0-24 h post-wounding shortlisted 14 BsTPSs that showed wound-induced transcriptional upregulation in bark, suggesting their important role in wound-induced biosynthesis of resin volatiles. Biochemical characterization of a bark preferentially-expressed and wound-inducible TPS (BsTPS2) in vitro and in planta assays revealed its involvement in resin terpene biosynthesis. Bacterially-expressed recombinant BsTPS2 catalyzed the conversion of GPP and FPP into (S)-( +)-linalool and (E)-(-)-nerolidol, respectively, in vitro assays. However, BsTPS2 expression in Nicotiana benthamiana found that BsTPS2 is a plastidial linalool synthase. In contrast, cytosolic expression of BsTPS2 did not form any product. Overall, the present work unraveled a suite of TPSs that potentially contributed to the biosynthesis of resin volatiles in Boswellia and biochemically characterized BsTPS2, which is involved in wound-induced biosynthesis of (S)-( +)-linalool, a monoterpene resin volatile with a known role in plant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravesh Bhargav
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Seema Chaurasia
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Aashish Kumar
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Gaurav Srivastava
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Yatish Pant
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Phytochemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Phytochemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Massei K, Michel T, Obersat GI, Al-Harrasi A, Baldovini N. Phytochemical study of Boswellia dalzielii oleo-gum resin and evaluation of its biological properties. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 213:113751. [PMID: 37307887 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Boswellia dalzielii is a resin-producing tree endemic to West and Central Africa, used by local populations for various medicinal purposes. In this study, B. dalzielii gum resin was analyzed by GC-MS and UHPLC-MS to identify and quantify volatile and non-volatile compounds. Its main volatile constituents were α-pinene (54.9%), followed by α-thujene (4.4%) and α-phellandren-8-ol (4.0%). Pentacyclic triterpenoids such as β-boswellic acids and their derivatives were quantified by UHPLC-MS and their content was shown to reach around 22% of the gum resin. Since some of the volatile and non-volatile compounds identified in this work are known to possess biological effects, the bioactivities of B. dalzielii ethanolic extract, essential oil, as well as fractions of the oil and extract were evaluated. Some of these samples exhibited interesting anti-inflammatory properties, and their antioxidant, anti-ageing and skin-bleaching activities were also tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Massei
- Institut de Chimie de Nice, Université Côte D'azur, 28 Avenue Valrose, 06108, Nice, France
| | - Thomas Michel
- Institut de Chimie de Nice, Université Côte D'azur, 28 Avenue Valrose, 06108, Nice, France
| | - Girma Ilayas Obersat
- Nature Is Unique, Girma-Ilayas Obersat, Koepenicker Str. 16 10997, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Nicolas Baldovini
- Institut de Chimie de Nice, Université Côte D'azur, 28 Avenue Valrose, 06108, Nice, France.
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DeCarlo A, Johnson S, Abdikadir A, Satyal P, Poudel A, Setzer WN. Evaluating the Potential of Boswellia rivae to Provide Sustainable Livelihood Benefits in Eastern Ethiopia. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2024. [PMID: 37653941 PMCID: PMC10222219 DOI: 10.3390/plants12102024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Frankincense is an oleo-gum-resin collected from wild Boswellia spp. trees, and widely used in perfumery, cosmetics, aromatherapy, incense, and other industries. Boswellia rivae, growing in Ethiopia, Somalia, and Kenya, is one source of frankincense, but is little-commercialized compared to species such as B. sacra, B. frereana, and B. papyrifera. In this study, we examine the resin essential oil chemistry and harvesting systems of B. rivae in order to evaluate its potential for increased trade and potential positive livelihood benefits. Boswellia rivae produces an essential oil rich in α-thujene (0.1-12.4%), α-pinene (5.5-56.4%), β-pinene (0.3-13.0%), δ-3-carene (0.1-31.5%), p-cymene (1.4-31.2%), limonene (1.8-37.3%), β-phellandrene (tr-5.6%), trans-pinocarveol (0.1-5.0%), trans-verbenol (0.1-11.2%), and trans-β-elemene (0-5.7%), similar to major commercial species, although it is difficult to detect mixing of B. rivae and Commiphora africana resins from chemistry alone. The B. rivae trees are not actively tapped, so resin collection has a neutral impact on the health of the trees, and resin production is unaffected by drought. Consequently, collecting resins acts as a key income supplementing livestock herding, as well as a safety net protecting pastoral communities from the severe negative effects of climate change-exacerbated drought on livestock. Therefore, Boswellia rivae is well positioned chemically, ecologically, and socially to support expanded trade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjanette DeCarlo
- The Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA; (A.D.); (P.S.)
- Grossman School of Business, University of Vermont, 55 Colchester Ave, 100 Kalkin Hall, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Stephen Johnson
- FairSource Botanicals, LLC, 560 Fox Drive #643, Fox Island, WA 98333, USA
| | - Abdinasir Abdikadir
- Somali Region Pastoral and Agro-Pastoral Research Institute, Jigjiga P.O. Box 1020, Ethiopia
| | - Prabodh Satyal
- The Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA; (A.D.); (P.S.)
| | - Ambika Poudel
- The Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA; (A.D.); (P.S.)
| | - William N. Setzer
- The Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA; (A.D.); (P.S.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, 301 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
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Johnson S, Abdikadir A, Satyal P, Poudel A, Setzer WN. Conservation Assessment and Chemistry of Boswellia ogadensis, a Critically Endangered Frankincense Tree. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3381. [PMID: 36501419 PMCID: PMC9735944 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Boswellia ogadensis is a critically endangered species of frankincense tree, restricted to a small area of the Shabelle river valley in southern Ethiopia. It has only been recorded from two botanical collecting trips, in 1972 and 2006, with no indication of the abundance, threats, or population status of the trees, and it was listed on the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species as "Critically Endangered" in 2018. More recent expeditions, in 2019 and 2021, were not able to locate the species, raising concerns about its continued survival. We carried out a field survey in June 2022 to re-locate the species, assess the threat level it is facing, and collect samples of resin for analysis. This survey revealed that B. ogadensis is present in more locations than previously recorded, and is more abundant than thought. While it is facing multiple threats, including grazing, cutting for firewood, and insect attacks, these threats vary geographically, and there are populations that appear to be healthy and regenerating well. While more research is needed, the current survey indicates that downlisting to "Endangered" status may be appropriate. Samples of resin were also collected and analyzed using gas chromatographic techniques, revealing that while the essential oil profile is similar to that of other Boswellia species (dominated by α-thujene, α-pinene, p-cymene, and terpenin-4-ol), there are chemical markers that can distinguish it from other sympatric Boswellia species, indicating the potential for this to be used as a tool to monitor whether B. ogadensis is being harvested alongside other more common Boswellia species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Johnson
- FairSource Botanicals, LLC, 560 Fox Drive #643, Fox Island, WA 98333, USA
| | - Abdinasir Abdikadir
- Somali Region Pastoral and Agro-Pastoral Research Institute, Jigjiga P.O. Box 1020, Ethiopia
| | - Prabodh Satyal
- The Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
| | - Ambika Poudel
- The Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
| | - William N. Setzer
- The Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, 301 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL 35805-1911, USA
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Metayi MH, Abd El-Naby SS, El-Habal NA, Fahmy HH, Abdou MS, Ali B, Abdel-Rheim KH, Abdel-Megeed A. Omani Frankincense nanoemulsion formulation efficacy and its latent effects on biological aspects of the spiny bollworm Earias insulana (Boisd.). Front Physiol 2022; 13:1001136. [PMID: 36277209 PMCID: PMC9583008 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1001136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our research shed light on the perspective of formulation technology regarding its responsibility to provide phyto-insecticides that are worthy of research into potential novel applications. There has been an increase in interest in using nanoemulsion as a new formulation in a variety of sectors during the last several decades. Boswellia sacra essential oil (Fam: Burseraceae) from the resin of frankincense trees has been recently proposed as a promising ingredient in a new generation of botanical insecticides. Frankincense nanoemulsion was formulated in 5% ratios comprising frankincense oil, surfactants, and water. A frankincense nanoemulsion was prepared using a high-energy ultra-sonication process and characterized by dynamic light scattering transmission electron microscopy surface tension, viscosity, and zeta potential value. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to identify the chemical profiles of frankincense essential oil. Furthermore, insecticidal effects against second instar larvae of the spiny bollworm, Earias insulana, as well as their latent effects on the larvae were studied. In the present study, the formulation was a good nanoemulsion. The surface tension was 53.69, the viscosity was 4.76 cPs, the zeta potential was-10 mV, and the size distribution was 41.30 nm. The polydispersity index (PDI) of the nanoemulsion was found to be 0.26, and the morphology of the frankincense nanoemulsion was visualized in a spherical shape. The main constituents identified in frankincense oil were α-pinene (15.52%); monolinolenin (12.92%); and geranylgeranyl acetate (9.99%). The results showed significant insecticidal activity against the larval stage and considerably decreased the pupation percentage with increasing the volume of the frankincense nanoemulsion. On the other hand, the latent effects of the frankincense nanoemulsion on E. insulana resulted in a higher prolongation of larval and pupal durations as well as a significant reduction in the weight of larvae and pupae of E. insulana. Additionally, frankincense nanoemulsion dramatically influenced the adult emergence percentage. It also caused a significantly lower hatchability percentage compared to the untreated control. The concentrations used and the types of mating combination have a significant effect on the fecundity of E. insulana. This novel frankincense nanoemulsion formulation could be used in strategies to control the spiny bollworm on cotton plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervat H. Metayi
- Cotton Boll Worm Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shimaa S. Abd El-Naby
- Pesticide Formulation Research Department, Central Agriculture Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Noha A. El-Habal
- Cotton Boll Worm Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Heba H. Fahmy
- Pesticide Formulation Research Department, Central Agriculture Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona S. Abdou
- Cotton Pesticides Evaluation Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Khaled H. Abdel-Rheim
- Cereals and Stored Product Insects Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Megeed
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba-Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Ahmed Abdel-Megeed,
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Al-Harrasi A, Khan AL, Rehman NU, Csuk R. Biosynthetic diversity in triterpene cyclization within the Boswellia genus. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 184:112660. [PMID: 33524859 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review is not intended to describe the triterpenes isolated from the Boswellia genus, since this information has been covered elsewhere. Instead, the aim is to provide insights into the biosynthesis of triterpenes in Boswellia. This genus, which has 24 species, displays fascinating structural diversity and produces a number of medicinally important triterpenes, particularly boswellic acids. Over 300 volatile components have been reported in the essential oil of Boswellia, and more than 100 diterpenes and triterpenes have been isolated from this genus. Given that no triterpene biosynthetic enzymes have yet been isolated from any members of the Boswellia genus, this review will cover the likely biosynthetic pathways as inferred from structures in nature and the probable types of biosynthetic enzymes based on knowledge of triterpene biosynthesis in other plant species. It highlights the importance of frankincense and the factors and threats affecting its production. It covers triterpene biosynthesis in the genus Boswellia, including dammaranes, tirucallic acids, lupanes, oleananes, ursanes and boswellic acids. Strategies for elucidating triterpene biosynthetic pathways in Boswellia are considered. Furthermore, the possible mechanisms behind wound-induced resin synthesis by the tree and related gene expression profiling are covered. In addition, the influence of the environment and the genotype on the biosynthesis of resin and on variations in the compositions and types of resins will also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - René Csuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Mercier S, Lorenzo RY, Pichette A, Côté H, Legault J, St‐Gelais A. Pili Tree
(Canarium ovatum)
Resin's Antibacterial Essential Oil and Hydrosol as Rich Sources of (
S
)‐Phellandrenes Derivatives. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000561. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Mercier
- Laboratoire PhytoChemia Inc. 628 Boulevard du Saguenay Ouest G7J 1H4 Saguenay (Quebec) Canada
| | - Russell Y. Lorenzo
- Casa de Lorenzo Organic Products 309 Dr. Sixto Antonio Avenue, Caniogan 1606 Pasig City Metro Manila Philippines
| | - André Pichette
- Laboratoire d'analyse et de séparation des essences végétales (LASEVE), Département des sciences fondamentales Université du Québec à Chicoutimi 555 Boul. de l'Université G7H 2B1 Chicoutimi (Québec) Canada
| | - Héloïse Côté
- Laboratoire d'analyse et de séparation des essences végétales (LASEVE), Département des sciences fondamentales Université du Québec à Chicoutimi 555 Boul. de l'Université G7H 2B1 Chicoutimi (Québec) Canada
| | - Jean Legault
- Laboratoire d'analyse et de séparation des essences végétales (LASEVE), Département des sciences fondamentales Université du Québec à Chicoutimi 555 Boul. de l'Université G7H 2B1 Chicoutimi (Québec) Canada
| | - Alexis St‐Gelais
- Laboratoire PhytoChemia Inc. 628 Boulevard du Saguenay Ouest G7J 1H4 Saguenay (Quebec) Canada
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Capetti F, Rubiolo P, Bicchi C, Marengo A, Sgorbini B, Cagliero C. Exploiting the versatility of vacuum‐assisted headspace solid‐phase microextraction in combination with the selectivity of ionic liquid‐based GC stationary phases to discriminate
Boswellia
spp. resins through their volatile and semivolatile fractions. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:1879-1889. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Capetti
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del FarmacoUniversità di Torino Turin Italy
| | - Patrizia Rubiolo
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del FarmacoUniversità di Torino Turin Italy
| | - Carlo Bicchi
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del FarmacoUniversità di Torino Turin Italy
| | - Arianna Marengo
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del FarmacoUniversità di Torino Turin Italy
| | - Barbara Sgorbini
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del FarmacoUniversità di Torino Turin Italy
| | - Cecilia Cagliero
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del FarmacoUniversità di Torino Turin Italy
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Pavela R, Maggi F, Giordani C, Cappellacci L, Petrelli R, Canale A. Insecticidal activity of two essential oils used in perfumery (ylang ylang and frankincense). Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:4746-4752. [PMID: 31965826 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1715403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, only a little part of essential oils produced at an industrial level is employed for insecticidal formulations, while thousand tons are used for perfumery purposes. This research explores the insecticidal potential of two essential oils largely used in perfumery, ylang ylang (Cananga odorata) and frankincense (Boswellia spp.) on three insects of economic importance, Culex quinquefasciatus, Musca domestica and Spodoptera littoralis, comparing their performances with a commercial pyrethrum extract. GC-MS showed that the ylang ylang and frankincense essential oils were mainly composed of α-thujene (73.8%), benzyl salicylate (24.4%) and linalool (21.9%), respectively. Ylang-ylang and frankincense essential oils showed significant insecticidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus larvae (LC50 < 70 ppm) and M. domestica adults (LD50 < 80 µg/female), respectively, while no relevant toxicity was detected on S. littoralis. As highly available from the fragrance industry, these essential oils may be further considered as promising ingredients to be used in botanical formulations against mosquitoes and houseflies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Pavela
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Plant Protection, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka, Praha, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Cristiano Giordani
- Grupo Productos Naturales Marinos, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias; Instituto de Física, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | | | - Angelo Canale
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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12
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Ayubova M, Guelleh ZO, Guelleh MO, Brévard H, Baldovini N. Analytical investigations on Boswellia occulta essential oils. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 164:78-85. [PMID: 31102998 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Three samples of Boswellia occulta gum resin (Grades I, II and III) were analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. Fifty constituents could be identified, and several of them were isolated by flash chromatography and characterized by NMR. The combinatorial synthesis of homologous series of reference constituents permitted the unambiguous identification of five 1-methoxyalkanes and one 1-methoxyalkene. In addition, we measured the 14C content of one sample of essential oil and of a methoxyalkanes rich fraction and demonstrated that the origin of these materials is totally natural.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ayubova
- Institut de Chimie de Nice, CNRS UMR 7272, Université Côte d'Azur, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice, France
| | | | | | - Hugues Brévard
- Robertet SA, 37, avenue Sidi Brahim, B. P. 52100, 06131, Grasse, France
| | - Nicolas Baldovini
- Institut de Chimie de Nice, CNRS UMR 7272, Université Côte d'Azur, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice, France.
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13
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DeCarlo A, Johnson S, Okeke-Agulu KI, Dosoky NS, Wax SJ, Owolabi MS, Setzer WN. Compositional analysis of the essential oil of Boswellia dalzielii frankincense from West Africa reveals two major chemotypes. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 164:24-32. [PMID: 31071599 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Frankincense, an oleoresin produced by Boswellia species, has historical medicinal and religious significance, and is today used extensively for its essential oil. Boswellia dalzielii, a species found in West Africa, is one of the few frankincense species for which there is no information on the oleoresin essential oil. In order to correct this deficiency, the chemical compositions of the essential oil hydrodistilled from 21 samples of oleoresin taken directly from B. dalzielii trees in northern Nigeria, were analyzed by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry as well as chiral gas chromatography. In addition, a hierarchical cluster analysis was performed on the essential oil compositions from the 21 oleoresin samples from northern Nigeria as well as two samples from Ghana. The essential oil fractions obtained by hydrodistillation of B. dalzielii oleoresins were dominated by α-pinene (21.7-76.6%), followed by α-thujene (2.0-17.6%), myrcene (up to 35.2%), p-cymene (0.3-15.6%), and limonene (1.1-32.9%). The levorotatory enantiomers predominated for the monoterpenes with 98.1 ± 1.5% (-)-α-thujene, 99.2 ± 0.5% (-)-α-pinene, and 96.8 ± 1.4% (-)-β-pinene. Limonene showed the largest variation in enantiomeric distribution [67.3 ± 12.1% (-)-limonene]. The cluster analysis revealed two major chemotypes, one dominated by α-pinene and one much rarer chemotype rich in myrcene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjanette DeCarlo
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
| | - Stephen Johnson
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
| | - Kingsley I Okeke-Agulu
- Federal College of Forestry, Jos, Opp Bauchi Motor Park, Bauchi Road, Jos, Plateau State, PMB 2019, Nigeria
| | - Noura S Dosoky
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
| | - Sophia J Wax
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
| | - Moses S Owolabi
- Department of Chemistry, Lagos State University, PMB 001, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - William N Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
; Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
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14
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DeCarlo A, Johnson S, Ouédraogo A, Dosoky NS, Setzer WN. Chemical Composition of the Oleogum Resin Essential Oils of Boswellia dalzielii from Burkina Faso. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8070223. [PMID: 31337133 PMCID: PMC6681306 DOI: 10.3390/plants8070223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Frankincense, the oleogum resin from members of Boswellia, has been used as medicine and incense for thousands of years, and essential oils derived from frankincense are important articles of commerce today. A new source of frankincense resin, Boswellia dalzielii from West Africa has been presented as a new, alternative source of frankincense. In this work, the oleogum resins from 20 different Boswellia dalzielii trees growing in Burkina Faso, West Africa were collected. Hydrodistillation of the resins gave essential oils that were analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. The essential oils were dominated by α-pinene (21.0%–56.0%), followed by carvone (2.1%–5.4%) and α-copaene (1.8%–5.0%). Interestingly, there was one individual tree that, although rich in α-pinene (21.0%), also had a substantial concentration of myrcene (19.2%) and α-thujene (9.8%). In conclusion, the oleogum resin essential oil compositions of B. dalzielii, rich in α-pinene, are comparable in composition to other frankincense essential oils, including B. sacra, B. carteri, and B. frereana. Additionally, the differences in composition between samples from Burkina Faso and those from Nigeria are very slight. There is, however, a rare chemotype of B. dalzielii that is dominated by myrcene, found both in Burkina Faso as well as Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjanette DeCarlo
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA.
| | - Stephen Johnson
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
| | - Amadé Ouédraogo
- Laboratory of Plant Biology and Ecology, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Noura S Dosoky
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
| | - William N Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
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15
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Al-Harrasi A, Csuk R, Khan A, Hussain J. Distribution of the anti-inflammatory and anti-depressant compounds: Incensole and incensole acetate in genus Boswellia. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 161:28-40. [PMID: 30802641 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Incensole and its acetate have shown anti-inflammatory and anti-depression activities due to their ability to activate ion channels in the brain to alleviate anxiety or depression. The natural occurrence of these two structurally and medicinally fascinating 14-membered diterpenoids was reported mainly from the genus Boswellia. Incensole and incensole acetate were detected in and isolated from both essential oils and resins of frankincense. One total synthesis was reported for incensole. Both incensole and its acetate served as precursors for several synthetic transformations. Given the fact that no specific enzymes were isolated from Boswellia trees, the major sources for incensole and incensole acetate, the biosynthetic pathway of these two compounds was only speculated. Recent studies on incensole and incensole acetate including ours have revealed another secret of the ancient drug. Understanding their mode of action will open a door in modern neurobiology and provides new insights on the mysterious diseases of the nervous system. This review interpretatively discusses the natural existence of incensole and incensole acetate, the variation of their percentages in different Boswellia species and other sources, their synthetic modifications, their biosynthesis and their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Center, University of Nizwa, P. O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman.
| | - Rene Csuk
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Center, University of Nizwa, P. O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Javid Hussain
- Natural and Medical Sciences Center, University of Nizwa, P. O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman
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16
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Organic Certification is Not Enough: The Case of the Methoxydecane Frankincense. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8040088. [PMID: 30987305 PMCID: PMC6524464 DOI: 10.3390/plants8040088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Frankincense, the oleo-gum-resin of Boswellia trees, has been an important religious and medicinal element for thousands of years, and today is used extensively for essential oils. One of the most popular frankincense species is Boswellia sacra Flueck. (syn. Boswellia carteri Birdw.) from Somalia and Somaliland. Recent increases in demand have led to many areas being overharvested, emphasizing the need for incentives and monitoring for sustainable harvesting, such as certification schemes. Concurrently, a new chemical component, called methoxydecane, has emerged in oils claimed to be B. carteri, suggesting the possibility of a chemical marker of overharvesting or other stress that could aid in monitoring. To find the source of this new chemical component, we sampled resin directly from trees in areas producing the new methoxydecane chemotype. This revealed that methoxydecane comes not from Boswellia carteri, but from a newly described frankincense species, Boswellia occulta. The presence of Boswellia occulta oil in essential oil sold as pure B. carteri, including certified organic oil, emphasizes the current lack of traceability in the supply chain and the ineffectiveness of organic certification to secure purity and sustainable harvesting in wildcrafted species.
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17
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Turk M, Mathe C, Fabiano-Tixier AS, Carnaroglio D, Chemat F. Parameter optimization in microwave-assisted distillation of frankincense essential oil. CR CHIM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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18
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Jiang M, Kulsing C, Marriott PJ. Comprehensive 2D gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry with 2D retention indices for analysis of volatile compounds in frankincense (Boswellia papyrifera). Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:3185-3196. [PMID: 29582122 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1012-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Frankincense gum resin secreted from Boswellia papyrifera was analysed by comprehensive 2D gas chromatography hyphenated with accurate mass time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-accTOFMS). Direct multiple injection experiments with stepwise isothermal temperature programming were then performed to construct isovolatility curves for reference alkane series in GC×GC. This provides access to calculation of second dimensional retention indices (2I). More than 500 peaks were detected and 220 compounds mainly comprising monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes and oxygenated forms of these compounds were identified according to their 1I, 2I and accurate mass data. The study demonstrates the capability of GC×GC-accTOFMS with retention data on two separate column phases, as an approach for improved component identification. A greater number of identified and/or tentatively identified terpenoids in this traditional Chinese medicine allow for a more comprehensive coverage of the volatile composition of frankincense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Chadin Kulsing
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phyathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Philip J Marriott
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
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Venkatesh HN, Sudharshana TN, Abhishek RU, Thippeswamy S, Manjunath K, Mohana DC. Antifungal and antimycotoxigenic properties of chemically characterised essential oil ofBoswellia serrataRoxb. ex Colebr. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2017.1354882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rayasandra Umesh Abhishek
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Kiragandur Manjunath
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi, Bengaluru, India
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20
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Niebler J, Eslamieh J, Buettner A. Frankincense Revisited, Part II: Volatiles in RareBoswelliaSpecies and Hybrids. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:630-43. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201500339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Niebler
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Food Chemistry; Emil Fischer Center; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Henkestrasse 9 DE-91054 Erlangen
| | - Jason Eslamieh
- The Miniatree Garden; A Private Research Facility; 1836 East Don Carlos Ave. Tempe 85281, AZ USA
| | - Andrea Buettner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Food Chemistry; Emil Fischer Center; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Henkestrasse 9 DE-91054 Erlangen
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