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Cheng X, Yao Y, Liu K, Wu L, Yang W. Free iliac crest grafting technology for the management of critical-sized tibial bone defect. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:201. [PMID: 38454383 PMCID: PMC10918920 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07335-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To introduce the method and experience of treating critical-sized tibial bone defect by taking large iliac crest bone graft. METHODS From January 2020 to January 2022, iliac crest bone grafting was performed in 20 patients (10 men and 10 women) with critical-sized tibial bone defect. The mean length of bone defect was 13.59 ± 3.41. Bilateral iliac crest grafts were harvested, including the inner and outer plates of the iliac crest and iliac spine. The cortical bone screw was used to integrate two iliac bone blocks into one complex. Locking plate was used to fix the graft-host complex, supplemented with reconstruction plate to increase stability when necessary. Bone healing was evaluated by cortical bone fusion on radiographs at follow-up, iliac pain was assessed by VAS score, and lower limb function was assessed by ODI score. Complications were also taken into consideration. RESULTS The average follow-up time was 27.4 ± 5.6 (Range 24-33 months), the mean VAS score was 8.8 ± 1.9, the mean ODI score was 11.1 ± 1.8, and the number of cortical bone fusion in the bone graft area was 3.5 ± 0.5. Satisfactory fusion was obtained in all cases of iliac bone transplant-host site. No nonunion, shift or fracture was found in all cases. No infection and bone resorption were observed that need secondary surgery. One patient had dorsiflexion weakness of the great toe. Hypoesthesia of the dorsal foot was observed in 2 patients. Ankle stiffness and edema occurred in 3 patients. Complications were significantly improved by physical therapy and rehabilitation training. CONCLUSION For the cases of critical-sized tibial bone defect, the treatment methods are various. In this paper, we have obtained satisfactory results by using large iliac bone graft to treat bone defect. This approach can not only restore the integrity of the tibia, but also obtain good stability with internal fixation, and operation skills are more acceptable for surgeons. Therefore, it provides an alternative surgical method for clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Yilun Yao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Wengbo Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China.
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Knowles HJ, Vasilyeva A, Sheth M, Pattinson O, May J, Rumney RMH, Hulley PA, Richards DB, Carugo D, Evans ND, Stride E. Use of oxygen-loaded nanobubbles to improve tissue oxygenation: Bone-relevant mechanisms of action and effects on osteoclast differentiation. Biomaterials 2024; 305:122448. [PMID: 38218121 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Gas-loaded nanobubbles have potential as a method of oxygen delivery to increase tumour oxygenation and therapeutically alleviate tumour hypoxia. However, the mechanism(s) whereby oxygen-loaded nanobubbles increase tumour oxygenation are unknown; with their calculated oxygen-carrying capacity being insufficient to explain this effect. Intra-tumoural hypoxia is a prime therapeutic target, at least partly due to hypoxia-dependent stimulation of the formation and function of bone-resorbing osteoclasts which establish metastatic cells in bone. This study aims to investigate potential mechanism(s) of oxygen delivery and in particular the possible use of oxygen-loaded nanobubbles in preventing bone metastasis via effects on osteoclasts. Lecithin-based nanobubbles preferentially interacted with phagocytic cells (monocytes, osteoclasts) via a combination of lipid transfer, clathrin-dependent endocytosis and phagocytosis. This interaction caused general suppression of osteoclast differentiation via inhibition of cell fusion. Additionally, repeat exposure to oxygen-loaded nanobubbles inhibited osteoclast formation to a greater extent than nitrogen-loaded nanobubbles. This gas-dependent effect was driven by differential effects on the fusion of mononuclear precursor cells to form pre-osteoclasts, partly due to elevated potentiation of RANKL-induced ROS by nitrogen-loaded nanobubbles. Our findings suggest that oxygen-loaded nanobubbles could represent a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer therapy; reducing osteoclast formation and therefore bone metastasis via preferential interaction with monocytes/macrophages within the tumour and bone microenvironment, in addition to known effects of directly improving tumour oxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen J Knowles
- Botnar Institute for Musculoskeletal Sciences, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alexandra Vasilyeva
- Botnar Institute for Musculoskeletal Sciences, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mihir Sheth
- Botnar Institute for Musculoskeletal Sciences, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Oliver Pattinson
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Jonathan May
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Robin M H Rumney
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, UK
| | - Philippa A Hulley
- Botnar Institute for Musculoskeletal Sciences, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Duncan B Richards
- Botnar Institute for Musculoskeletal Sciences, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dario Carugo
- Botnar Institute for Musculoskeletal Sciences, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicholas D Evans
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Eleanor Stride
- Botnar Institute for Musculoskeletal Sciences, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Takegahara N, Kim H, Choi Y. Unraveling the intricacies of osteoclast differentiation and maturation: insight into novel therapeutic strategies for bone-destructive diseases. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:264-272. [PMID: 38297158 PMCID: PMC10907717 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01157-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are the principal cells that efficiently resorb bone. Numerous studies have attempted to reveal the molecular pathways leading to the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts to improve the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis and other bone-destructive diseases. While the cumulative knowledge of osteoclast regulatory molecules, such as receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL) and nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1), contributes to the understanding of the developmental progression of osteoclasts, little is known about how the discrete steps of osteoclastogenesis modify osteoclast status but not the absolute number of osteoclasts. The regulatory mechanisms involved in osteoclast maturation but not those involved in differentiation deserve special attention due to their potential use in establishing a more effective treatment strategy: targeting late-phase differentiation while preserving coupled bone formation. Recent studies have shed light on the molecules that govern late-phase osteoclast differentiation and maturation, as well as the metabolic changes needed to adapt to shifting metabolic demands. This review outlines the current understanding of the regulation of osteoclast differentiation, as well as osteoclast metabolic adaptation as a differentiation control mechanism. Additionally, this review introduces molecules that regulate the late-phase osteoclast differentiation and thus minimally impact coupled bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Takegahara
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hyunsoo Kim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yongwon Choi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Li RX, Xu N, Guo YN, Wang Y, Liang YW, Zhou XL, Jiang WT, Wei JX, Zhang XY, Zhou LN, Zhu L, Zhou YM, Xu J. Hemoglobin is associated with BMDs and risk of the 10-year probability of fractures in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1305713. [PMID: 38323109 PMCID: PMC10846305 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1305713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the associations between hemoglobin (HGB) levels and bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) population of different ages. Method This cross-sectional study included 641 patients with T2DM (57.9% males). BMD of the femoral neck (FN), total hip (TH), and lumbar spine (LS) were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The 10-year probability of fracture was assessed using a fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX). HGB and other biochemical indices were measured in a certified laboratory at our hospital. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 and R language (R version 4.1.0). Generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to identify the associations between HGB and BMD and fracture risk. Results Patients with osteoporosis have lower HGB levels than the non-osteoporotic population and lower FN BMD in patients with anemia than in the non-anemic population. In patients with T2DM, there was sex- and age-related variability in the correlation between HGB levels and BMDs and fracture risk. In older men, HGB level was an independent determinant of BMD and was positively correlated with FN and TH BMD. In non-older women, HGB level was an independent determinant of BMD and fracture risk, positively associated with BMDs and negatively associated with 10-year probability of fracture risk. GAMs revealed a positive linear association between HGB level and BMDs in non-older female patients but not in older male patients. Conclusion Our study provides a new perspective on the association of HGB level and BMDs with fracture risk. Relatively high HGB levels are a protective factor for bone quality in patients with T2DM. However, the bone-protective effect of HGB is influenced by age and sex and persists only in older men and non-older women with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-xuan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, “Chuangxin China” Innovation Base of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Na Xu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, “Chuangxin China” Innovation Base of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu-ning Guo
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, “Chuangxin China” Innovation Base of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, “Chuangxin China” Innovation Base of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan-wei Liang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, “Chuangxin China” Innovation Base of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-lian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, “Chuangxin China” Innovation Base of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-tong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, “Chuangxin China” Innovation Base of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jian-xia Wei
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, “Chuangxin China” Innovation Base of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin-yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, “Chuangxin China” Innovation Base of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li-na Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, “Chuangxin China” Innovation Base of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan-man Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, “Chuangxin China” Innovation Base of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Zhang W, Yang F, Yan Q, Li J, Zhang X, Jiang Y, Dai J. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α related mechanism and TCM intervention in process of early fracture healing. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2024; 16:56-69. [PMID: 38375046 PMCID: PMC10874770 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
As a common clinical disease, fracture is often accompanied by pain, swelling, bleeding as well as other symptoms and has a high disability rate, even threatening life, seriously endangering patients' physical and psychological health and quality of life. Medical practitioners take many strategies for the treatment of fracture healing, including Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). In the early stage of fracture healing, the local fracture is often in a state of hypoxia, accompanied by the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which is beneficial to wound healing. Through literature mining, we thought that hypoxia, HIF-1α and downstream factors affected the mechanism of fracture healing, as well as dominated this process. Therefore, we reviewed the local characteristics and related signaling pathways involved in the fracture healing process and summarized the intervention of TCM on these mechanisms, in order to inspirit the new strategy for fracture healing, as well as elaborate on the possible principles of TCM in treating fractures based on the HIF molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fusen Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qikai Yan
- Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yiwei Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jianye Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Shan C, Xia Y, Wu Z, Zhao J. HIF-1α and periodontitis: Novel insights linking host-environment interplay to periodontal phenotypes. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 184:50-78. [PMID: 37769974 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis, the sixth most prevalent epidemic disease globally, profoundly impacts oral aesthetics and masticatory functionality. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), an oxygen-dependent transcriptional activator, has emerged as a pivotal regulator in periodontal tissue and alveolar bone metabolism, exerts critical functions in angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, energy metabolism, and cell fate determination. Numerous essential phenotypes regulated by HIF are intricately associated with bone metabolism in periodontal tissues. Extensive investigations have highlighted the central role of HIF and its downstream target genes and pathways in the coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Within this concise perspective, we comprehensively review the cellular phenotypic alterations and microenvironmental dynamics linking HIF to periodontitis. We analyze current research on the HIF pathway, elucidating its impact on bone repair and regeneration, while unraveling the involved cellular and molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the potential application of targeted interventions aimed at HIF in the field of bone tissue regeneration engineering. This review expands our biological understanding of the intricate relationship between the HIF gene and bone angiogenesis in periodontitis and offers valuable insights for the development of innovative therapies to expedite bone repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shan
- Department of Dentistry, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Stomatology Hospital), Ürümqi, China
| | - YuNing Xia
- Department of Dentistry, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Stomatology Hospital), Ürümqi, China
| | - Zeyu Wu
- Department of Dentistry, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Stomatology Hospital), Ürümqi, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Dentistry, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Stomatology Hospital), Ürümqi, China; Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Institute of Stomatology, Ürümqi, China.
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Davies BK, Hibbert AP, Roberts SJ, Roberts HC, Tickner JC, Holdsworth G, Arnett TR, Orriss IR. A Machine Learning-Based Image Segmentation Method to Quantify In Vitro Osteoclast Culture Endpoints. Calcif Tissue Int 2023; 113:437-448. [PMID: 37566229 PMCID: PMC10516805 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-023-01121-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of in vitro osteoclast cultures (e.g. cell number) often relies on manual counting methods. These approaches are labour intensive, time consuming and result in substantial inter- and intra-user variability. This study aimed to develop and validate an automated workflow to robustly quantify in vitro osteoclast cultures. Using ilastik, a machine learning-based image analysis software, images of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-stained mouse osteoclasts cultured on dentine discs were used to train the ilastik-based algorithm. Assessment of algorithm training showed that osteoclast numbers strongly correlated between manual- and automatically quantified values (r = 0.87). Osteoclasts were consistently faithfully segmented by the model when visually compared to the original reflective light images. The ability of this method to detect changes in osteoclast number in response to different treatments was validated using zoledronate, ticagrelor, and co-culture with MCF7 breast cancer cells. Manual and automated counting methods detected a 70% reduction (p < 0.05) in osteoclast number, when cultured with 10 nM zoledronate and a dose-dependent decrease with 1-10 μM ticagrelor (p < 0.05). Co-culture with MCF7 cells increased osteoclast number by ≥ 50% irrespective of quantification method. Overall, an automated image segmentation and analysis workflow, which consistently and sensitively identified in vitro osteoclasts, was developed. Advantages of this workflow are (1) significantly reduction in user variability of endpoint measurements (93%) and analysis time (80%); (2) detection of osteoclasts cultured on different substrates from different species; and (3) easy to use and freely available to use along with tutorial resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethan K Davies
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andrew P Hibbert
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Scott J Roberts
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Helen C Roberts
- Department of Natural Sciences, Middlesex University, London, UK
| | - Jennifer C Tickner
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Timothy R Arnett
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Isabel R Orriss
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK.
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Pinto-Cardoso R, Bessa-Andrês C, Correia-de-Sá P, Bernardo Noronha-Matos J. Could hypoxia rehabilitate the osteochondral diseased interface? Lessons from the interplay of hypoxia and purinergic signals elsewhere. Biochem Pharmacol 2023:115646. [PMID: 37321413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The osteochondral unit comprises the articular cartilage (90%), subchondral bone (5%) and calcified cartilage (5%). All cells present at the osteochondral unit that is ultimately responsible for matrix production and osteochondral homeostasis, such as chondrocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes, can release adenine and/or uracil nucleotides to the local microenvironment. Nucleotides are released by these cells either constitutively or upon plasma membrane damage, mechanical stress or hypoxia conditions. Once in the extracellular space, endogenously released nucleotides can activate membrane-bound purinoceptors. Activation of these receptors is fine-tuning regulated by nucleotides' breakdown by enzymes of the ecto-nucleotidase cascade. Depending on the pathophysiological conditions, both the avascular cartilage and the subchondral bone subsist to significant changes in oxygen tension, which has a tremendous impact on tissue homeostasis. Cell stress due to hypoxic conditions directly influences the expression and activity of several purinergic signalling players, namely nucleotide release channels (e.g. Cx43), NTPDase enzymes and purinoceptors. This review gathers experimental evidence concerning the interplay between hypoxia and the purinergic signalling cascade contributing to osteochondral unit homeostasis. Reporting deviations to this relationship resulting from pathological alterations of articular joints may ultimately unravel novel therapeutic targets for osteochondral rehabilitation. At this point, one can only hypothesize how hypoxia mimetic conditions can be beneficial to the ex vivo expansion and differentiation of osteo- and chondro-progenitors for auto-transplantation and tissue regenerative purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Pinto-Cardoso
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia; Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP)
| | - Catarina Bessa-Andrês
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia; Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP)
| | - Paulo Correia-de-Sá
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia; Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP)
| | - José Bernardo Noronha-Matos
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia; Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP).
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9
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Babu LK, Ghosh D. Looking at Mountains: Role of Sustained Hypoxia in Regulating Bone Mineral Homeostasis in Relation to Wnt Pathway and Estrogen. Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12018-022-09283-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Daljeet M, Warunek S, Covell DA, Monegro A, Giangreco T, Al-Jewair T. Association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and bone mineral density in adult orthodontic populations. Cranio 2022:1-11. [PMID: 36368042 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2022.2142724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and predicted bone mineral density (BMD) in adults presenting for orthodontic treatment. METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study included 38 adults divided into OSAS and non-OSAS groups. Using pre-treatment CBCT images, radiographic density (RD) of left and right lateral regions of the 1st cervical vertebrae and dens of the 2nd cervical vertebrae were measured as an indicator for BMD. RESULTS When controlling for age, sex, and BMI, the mean RD was significantly lower in the OSAS group compared to the non-OSAS group (left CV1: 36.69 ± 84.50 vs. 81.67 ± 93.25 Hounsfield Units [HU], respectively, p = 0.031; right CV1: 30.59 ± 81.18 vs. 74.26 ± 91.81 HU, p = 0.045; dens: 159.25 ± 115.96 vs. 223.94 ± 106.09 HU, p = 0.038). CONCLUSION Adults with OSAS have lower values for predicted BMD than those without OSAS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen Warunek
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - David A Covell
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Alberto Monegro
- Pediatric Sleep Center, School of Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Thikriat Al-Jewair
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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11
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Mishra BH, Sievänen H, Raitoharju E, Mononen N, Viikari J, Juonala M, Laaksonen M, Hutri-Kähönen N, Kähönen M, Raitakari OT, Lehtimäki T, Mishra PP. Gene set analysis of transcriptomics data identifies new biological processes associated with early markers of atherosclerosis but not with those of osteoporosis: Atherosclerosis-osteoporosis co/multimorbidity study in the Young Finns Study. Atherosclerosis 2022; 361:1-9. [PMID: 36252457 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM We aimed at identifying the shared biological processes underlying atherosclerosis-osteoporosis co/multimorbidity. METHODS We performed gene set analysis (GSA) of whole-blood transcriptomic data to identify biological processes shared by the early markers of these two diseases. Early markers of diseases, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) for atherosclerosis and trabecular bone mineral density (BMD) from distal radius and tibia for osteoporosis, were used to categorize the study participants into cases and controls. Participants with high CIMT (>90th percentile) were defined as cases for subclinical atherosclerosis. Study population-based T-scores for BMD were calculated and T-score ≤ -1 was used for the definition of low BMD cases i.e., early indicator of osteoporosis. RESULTS We did not identify any gene sets jointly associated with early markers of atherosclerosis and osteoporosis. We identified three novel and replicated 234 gene sets significantly associated with high CIMT with false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 0.01. Only two genes, both related to the immune system, were identified to be associated with high CIMT by traditional differential gene expression analysis. However, none of the studied gene sets or individual genes were significantly associated with tibial or radial BMD. The three novel CIMT associated gene sets contained genes involved in copper homeostasis, neural crest cell migration and nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. The 234 replicated gene sets in this study are related to the immune system, hypoxia and apoptosis, consistent with the existing literature on atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS This study identified novel biological processes associated with high CIMT but not with reduced BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binisha H Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Harri Sievänen
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Emma Raitoharju
- Molecular Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jorma Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Paediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
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12
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Analysis of Bone Histomorphometry in Rat and Guinea Pig Animal Models Subject to Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112742. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia may be associated with alterations in bone remodeling, but the published results are contradictory. The aim of this study was to characterize the bone morphometry changes subject to hypoxia for a better understanding of the bone response to hypoxia and its possible clinical consequences on the bone metabolism. This study analyzed the bone morphometry parameters by micro-computed tomography (μCT) in rat and guinea pig normobaric hypoxia models. Adult male and female Wistar rats were exposed to chronic hypoxia for 7 and 15 days. Additionally, adult male guinea pigs were exposed to chronic hypoxia for 15 days. The results showed that rats exposed to chronic constant and intermittent hypoxic conditions had a worse trabecular and cortical bone health than control rats (under a normoxic condition). Rats under chronic constant hypoxia were associated with a more deteriorated cortical tibia thickness, trabecular femur and tibia bone volume over the total volume (BV/TV), tibia trabecular number (Tb.N), and trabecular femur and tibia bone mineral density (BMD). In the case of chronic intermittent hypoxia, rats subjected to intermittent hypoxia had a lower cortical femur tissue mineral density (TMD), lower trabecular tibia BV/TV, and lower trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) of the tibia and lower tibia Tb.N. The results also showed that obese rats under a hypoxic condition had worse values for the femur and tibia BV/TV, tibia trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), femur and tibia Tb.N, and BMD for the femur and tibia than normoweight rats under a hypoxic condition. In conclusion, hypoxia and obesity may modify bone remodeling, and thus bone microarchitecture, and they might lead to reductions in the bone strength and therefore increase the risk of fragility fracture.
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Wang G, Alagboso FI, Walter N, Baertl S, Brochhausen C, Docheva D, Rupp M, Alt V. Bone regeneration after marginal bone resection in two-stage treatment of chronic long bone infection - a combined histopathological and clinical pilot study. Injury 2022; 53:3446-3457. [PMID: 35851476 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In chronic bone infection, marginal bone resection avoids large and difficult to reconstruct bone defects. However, there is still a lack of knowledge on bone regeneration during chronic bone infection and bone healing capability after marginal bone resection. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical and histopathological outcomes after marginal bone resection in chronic long bone infection. We hypothesized that there is a regenerative bone healing potential after marginal bone resection that results in an acceptable clinical outcome and improved pathohistological bone healing parameters during treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nine patients were treated for chronic bone infections in a two-stage manner with marginal bone resection of the infected area and the placement of an antibiotic-loaded polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) spacer at stage one followed by bone reconstruction at stage two combined with systemic antibiotic therapy. Comparable bone samples were harvested at the border region between vital and necrotic bone area during stage one and the identical location during stage two. Control bone samples were harvested from five healthy patients without bone infection. Clinical outcome in terms of infection eradication and bone consolidation were assessed. The phenotypic changes of osteocyte and morphological changes of lacunar-canalicular network were investigated by histological and immunohistochemical staining between the two observation periods. Furthermore, expression levels of major bone formation and resorption markers were investigated by immunohistochemical and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. RESULTS The clinical results with a follow-up of 12.9 months showed that eight of nine patients (88.9%) achieved bone consolidation after a planned two-stage procedure of marginal resection of necrotic bone and consecutive reconstruction. In four of the nine patients (44.4%), additional marginal debridements after stage two had to be performed. After marginal resection at stage one, the improved bone formation ability at stage two was demonstrated by significantly lower percentage of empty lacunae, significantly more mature osteocytes and higher BMP-2 positive cell density, whereas decreased resorption was indicated by significantly lower osteoclast density and RANKL/OPG ratio. In patients requiring additional debridement compared to patients without additional debridements, a significantly higher percentage of empty lacunae was found at stage one. CONCLUSION Marginal bone resection combined with local and systemic antibiotic therapy is a feasible treatment option to avoid large bone defects as bone from the marginal resection area seems to have good regenerative potential. Despite a high revision rate of 44.4%, this technique avoids large bone resection and revisions can be done by further marginal debridements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongteng Wang
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Francisca I Alagboso
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Nike Walter
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg 93053, Germany; Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Susanne Baertl
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg 93053, Germany; Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | | | - Denitsa Docheva
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg 93053, Germany; Department of Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration, Orthopaedic Hospital König-Ludwig-Haus, University of Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Rupp
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg 93053, Germany; Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg 93053, Germany.
| | - Volker Alt
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg 93053, Germany; Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg 93053, Germany.
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14
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Liao KL, Watt KD. Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of CD200-CD200R in Cancer Treatment. Bull Math Biol 2022; 84:82. [PMID: 35792958 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-022-01039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
CD200 is a cell membrane protein that binds to its receptor, CD200 receptor (CD200R). The CD200 positive tumor cells inhibit the cellular functions of M1 and M2 macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) through the CD200-CD200R complex, resulting in downregulation of Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-12 productions and affecting the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In this work, we provide two ordinary differential equation models, one complete model and one simplified model, to investigate how the binding affinities of CD200R and the populations of M1 and M2 macrophages affect the functions of the CD200-CD200R complex in tumor growth. Our simulations demonstrate that (i) the impact of the CD200-CD200R complex on tumor promotion or inhibition highly depends on the binding affinity of the CD200R on M2 macrophages and DCs to the CD200 on tumor cells, and (ii) a stronger binding affinity of the CD200R on M1 macrophages or DCs to the CD200 on tumor cells induces a higher tumor cell density in the CD200 positive tumor. Thus, the CD200 blockade would be an efficient treatment method in this case. Moreover, the simplified model shows that the binding affinity of CD200R on macrophages is the major factor to determine the treatment efficacy of CD200 blockade when the binding affinities of CD200R on M1 and M2 macrophages are significantly different to each other. On the other hand, both the binding affinity of CD200R and the population of macrophages are the major factors to determine the treatment efficacy of CD200 blockade when the binding affinities of CD200R on M1 and M2 macrophages are close to each other. We also analyze the simplified model to investigate the dynamics of the positive and trivial equilibria of the CD200 positive tumor case and the CD200 deficient tumor case. The bifurcation diagrams show that when M1 macrophages dominate the population, the tumor cell density of the CD200 positive tumor is higher than the one of CD200 deficient tumor. Moreover, the dynamics of tumor cell density change from tumor elimination to tumor persistence to oscillation, as the maximal proliferation rate of tumor cells increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Ling Liao
- Department of Mathematics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Kenton D Watt
- Department of Mathematics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
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Wang M, Wang X, Cui W, Zhu G, Liang Y, Chen X, Jin T. The association between hemoglobin level and osteoporosis in a Chinese population with environmental lead and cadmium exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:1673-1682. [PMID: 34698982 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01129-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Low hemoglobin (Hb) level or anemia is associated with osteoporosis and bone fracture. Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) exposure are also risk factors of osteoporosis and anemia. However, the role of anemia in Cd/Pb related bone loss remains unclear. The aim of present study was to investigate the association between Hb level and bone loss in a population with environmental lead and cadmium exposure. One hundred and ninety-four women and 108 men with different levels of Cd/Pb exposure were included in our study. The Cd/Pb exposure was determined using graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Forearm bone mineral density (BMD) was determined by peripheral dual-energy X-ray absortiometry. Hb concentration was determined using an automatic blood cellcounter. A logistic model was established to predict the risk of osteoporosis. The BMDs of women that had the highest quartile BCd and BPb were markedly lower than that with the lowest quartile (p < 0.05). The BMD and the prevalence of osteoporosis in men with anemia were lower and higher than that with normal Hb (p < 0.05), respectively. In men, age, BPb and anemia were independent risk factors for osteoporosis. The odds ratio (OR) of men with anemia was 11.28 (95%confidence interval (CI):1.94-65.54) and 19.56 (95%CI: 2.98-128.78) compared to those with normal Hb after adjusting for potential cofounders. No such association was found in women. The area under the curve was 0.88 (95%CI: 0.82-0.96) in predicting osteoporosis using the logistic model in men. Linear discriminant analysis also showed that 90.7% of osteoporosis was correctly classified. Our data show that anemia is associated with incident of osteoporosis in men but not in women that environmentally exposed to Pb and Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Wenjing Cui
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Guoying Zhu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, 2094 Xietu road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yihuai Liang
- Department of Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, 150 Dongan road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Taiyi Jin
- Department of Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, 150 Dongan road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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16
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Hemoglobin level and osteoporosis in Chinese elders with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nutr Diabetes 2022; 12:19. [PMID: 35414128 PMCID: PMC9005625 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-022-00198-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Several studies demonstrated a positive relationship between hemoglobin level and bone mineral density (BMD). Thus, the association between hemoglobin concentration and osteoporosis in elders with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was explored in this study. Methods Totally, 573 elders with T2DM were included in the study. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Hemoglobin levels were tested. The association between the hemoglobin level and osteoporosis was subjected to logistic regression analysis. Results For men, the hemoglobin levels were significantly lower in osteoporosis group than that in non-osteoporosis group (135.98 ± 16.20 vs. 142.84 ± 13.78 g/L, P = 0.002). Hemoglobin levels were positively related with BMD of total hip and femoral neck in men (r = 0.170, P = 0.004; r = 0.148, P = 0.012, respectively). After adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH) D3], the hemoglobin level was related with a 0.97-fold lower risk of osteoporosis (odds ratio (OR): 0.97; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.95–0.99; P = 0.004) in men, but no such association was found in women. Conclusion Higher levels of hemoglobin play a protective role against osteoporosis in older men with T2DM.
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Usategui-Martín R, Rigual R, Ruiz-Mambrilla M, Fernández-Gómez JM, Dueñas A, Pérez-Castrillón JL. Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Hypoxia-Induced Alterations in Bone Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063233. [PMID: 35328654 PMCID: PMC8953213 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is crucial for the support of muscles and the protection of vital organs, and as a reservoir of calcium and phosphorus. Bone is one of the most metabolically active tissues and is continuously renewed to adapt to the changes required for healthy functioning. To maintain normal cellular and physiological bone functions sufficient oxygen is required, as evidence has shown that hypoxia may influence bone health. In this scenario, this review aimed to analyze the molecular mechanisms involved in hypoxia-induced bone remodeling alterations and their possible clinical consequences. Hypoxia has been associated with reduced bone formation and reduced osteoblast matrix mineralization due to the hypoxia environment inhibiting osteoblast differentiation. A hypoxic environment is involved with increased osteoclastogenesis and increased bone resorptive capacity of the osteoclasts. Clinical studies, although with contradictory results, have shown that hypoxia can modify bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Usategui-Martín
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
- IOBA, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.U.-M.); (J.L.P.-C.)
| | - Ricardo Rigual
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
- IBGM, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Mambrilla
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - José-María Fernández-Gómez
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Antonio Dueñas
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
- Department of Toxicology, Río Hortega University Hospital, 47012 Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Luis Pérez-Castrillón
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Río Hortega University Hospital, 47012 Valladolid, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.U.-M.); (J.L.P.-C.)
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Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Does Not Have a Negative Impact on Bone Signaling Pathways in Humans. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9121714. [PMID: 34946440 PMCID: PMC8701274 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Oxygen is emerging as an important factor in the local regulation of bone remodeling. Some preclinical data suggest that hyperoxia may have deleterious effects on bone cells. However, its clinical relevance is unclear. Hence, we studied the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on serum biomarkers reflecting the status of the Wnt and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) pathways, two core pathways for bone homeostasis. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study of 20 patients undergoing HBOT (mean age 58 yrs., range 35–82 yrs.) because of complications of radiotherapy or chronic anal fissure. Patients were subjected to HBOT (100% oxygen; 2.4 atmospheres absolute for 90 min). The average number of HBOT sessions was 20 ± 5 (range 8–31). Serum hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF1-α), osteoprotegerin (OPG), RANKL, and the Wnt inhibitors sclerostin and dickkopf-1 (DKK1) were measured at baseline and after HBOT by using specific immunoassays. Results: HIF-1α in eight patients with measurable serum levels increased from 0.084 (0.098) ng/mL at baseline to 0.146 (0.130) ng/mL after HBOT (p = 0.028). However, HBOT did not induce any significant changes in the serum levels of OPG, RANKL, sclerostin or DKK1. This was independent of the patients’ diagnosis, either neoplasia or benign. Conclusion: Despite the potential concerns about hyperoxia, we found no evidence that HBOT has any detrimental effect on bone homeostasis.
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Kondo T, Otsuka Y, Aoki H, Goto Y, Kawaguchi Y, Waguri-Nagaya Y, Miyazawa K, Goto S, Aoyama M. The Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Pathway Promotes Osteoclastogenesis under Hypoxic Culture Conditions. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:2072-2079. [PMID: 34560064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Bone homeostasis depends on the balance between bone resorption by osteoclasts (OCs) and bone formation by osteoblasts. Bone resorption can become excessive under various pathologic conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis. Previous studies have shown that OC formation is promoted under hypoxia. However, the precise mechanisms behind OC formation under hypoxia have not been elucidated. The present study investigated the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in OC differentiation under hypoxia. Primary bone marrow cells obtained from mice were stimulated with receptor activator of NF-κB ligand and macrophage colony-stimulating factor to induce OC differentiation. The number of OCs increased in culture under hypoxia (oxygen concentration, 5%) compared with that under normoxia (oxygen concentration, 20%). iNOS gene and protein expression increased in culture under hypoxia. Addition of an iNOS inhibitor under hypoxic conditions suppressed osteoclastogenesis. Addition of a nitric oxide donor to the normoxic culture promoted osteoclastogenesis. Furthermore, insulin-like growth factor 2 expression was significantly altered in both iNOS inhibition experiments and nitric oxide donor experiments. These data might provide clues to therapies for excessive osteoclastogenesis under several hypoxic pathologic conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Kondo
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuto Otsuka
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Aoki
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoh Goto
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yohei Kawaguchi
- Department of Glial Cell Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuko Waguri-Nagaya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ken Miyazawa
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shigemi Goto
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mineyoshi Aoyama
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
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20
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Impacts of Hypoxia on Osteoclast Formation and Activity: Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810146. [PMID: 34576310 PMCID: PMC8467526 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is evident in several bone diseases which are characterized by excessive bone resorption by osteoclasts, the bone-resorbing cells. The effects of hypoxia on osteoclast formation and activities are widely studied but remain inconclusive. This systematic review discusses the studies reporting the effect of hypoxia on osteoclast differentiation and activity. A literature search for relevant studies was conducted through SCOPUS and PUBMED MEDLINE search engines. The inclusion criteria were original research articles presenting data demonstrating the effect of hypoxia or low oxygen on osteoclast formation and activity. A total of 286 studies were identified from the search, whereby 20 studies were included in this review, consisting of four in vivo studies and 16 in vitro studies. In total, 12 out of 14 studies reporting the effect of hypoxia on osteoclast activity indicated higher bone resorption under hypoxic conditions, 14 studies reported that hypoxia resulted in more osteoclasts, one study found that the number remained unchanged, and five studies indicated that the number decreased. In summary, examination of the relevant literature suggests differences in findings between studies, hence the impact of hypoxia on osteoclasts remains debatable, even though there is more evidence to suggest it promotes osteoclast differentiation and activity.
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21
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McDonnell AC, Eiken O, Mekjavic IB, Žlak N, Drobnič M. The influence of a sustained 10-day hypoxic bed rest on cartilage biomarkers and subchondral bone in females: The FemHab study. Physiol Rep 2021; 8:e14413. [PMID: 32333524 PMCID: PMC7182690 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the influence of a 10‐day hypoxic bed rest on cartilage biomarkers and subchondral bone density across the patellofemoral joint (PFJ). Within clinical settings hypoxic tissue may arise in several types of disorders. Furthermore, a hypoxic environment is being considered for space flight habitats in the near future. Female participants (N = 12) participated in this study comprising three 10‐day interventions: hypoxic ambulation (HAMB), normoxic bed rest (NBR), and hypoxic bed rest (HBR). Venous samples were collected prior to (day −2: Pre) and during the intervention (days 2 and 5), immediately before reambulation (D11) and 24 hr post intervention (R1). Blood samples were analyzed for: aggrecan, hyaluronan, Type IIA procollagen amino terminal propeptide (PIIANP), and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP). Total bone mineral density (BMD) in eight regions (2 mm × 10 mm) across the PFJ was determined. The three interventions (HAMB, HBR, and NBR) did not induce any significant changes in the cartilage biomarkers of hyaluronan or PIIANP. Aggrecan increased during the HAMB trial to 2.02 fold the Pre value. COMP decreased significantly in both NBR & HBR compared to HAMB on D5. There were significant differences in BMD measured across the PFJ from cortical patellar bone (735 to 800 mg/cm3) to femur trabecular (195 to 226 mg/cm3). However, there were no significant changes in BMD from Pre to Post bed rest. These results indicate that there were no significant detectable effects of inactivity/unloading on subchondral bone density. The biomarker of cartilage, COMP, decreased on D5, whereas the addition of hypoxia to bed rest had no effect, it appears that hypoxia in combination with ambulation counteracted this decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C McDonnell
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ola Eiken
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Swedish Aerospace Physiology Centre, Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Igor B Mekjavic
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Swedish Aerospace Physiology Centre, Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden.,Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nik Žlak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matej Drobnič
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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22
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Salmón-González Z, Anchuelo J, Borregán JC, Del Real A, Riancho JA, Valero C. Influence of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on bone metabolism in patients with neoplasm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 26:163-169. [PMID: 34211765 DOI: 10.5603/rpor.a2021.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is useful in the treatment of complications due to radiotherapy in patients with neoplasm. Its effects on bone metabolism are unclear. In our study, we analyzed the effects of HBOT on bone remodeling in oncological patients with radiotherapy. Materials and methods Prospective clinical study in 23 patients with neoplasms undergoing treatment with HBOT due to complications of radiotherapy (hemorrhagic cystitis, proctitis or radionecrosis) and 25 patients with chronic anal fissure. The average number of HBOT sessions was 20 ± 5 (100% oxygen, 2.3 atmospheres and 90 min per day). Serum levels of aminoterminal propeptide of type I collagen (P1NP), C terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), alkaline phosphatase (AP), 25hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), parathyroid hormone (PTH), were measured at 3 time points: T0 (before beginning HBOT), T1 (at the end of HBOT) and T2 (6 months after HBOT). Results At baseline, the patients with neoplasm have higher bone turnover than those with anal fissure. These differences were 41% in CTX (0.238 ± 0.202 ng/mL in neoplasm and 0.141 ± 0.116 ng/mL in fissure; p = 0.04), 30% for PTH (46 ± 36 pg/mL in neoplasm and 32 ± 17 pg/mL in fissure; p = 0.04) and 15% for alkaline phosphatase (80 ± 24 U/L in neoplasm and 68 ± 16 U/L in fissure; p = 0.04). In the group with neoplasm, the values of P1NP decreased 6% after HBOT (T0: 49 ± 31 ng/mL, T2: 46 ± 12 ng/mL; p = 0.03). Also, there were non-significant decreases in PTH (-34%) and CTX (-30%). Conclusions Patients with neoplasm and complications with radiotherapy have an increase in bone remodeling that may be diminished after HBOT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaida Salmón-González
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Javier Anchuelo
- Service of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Juan C Borregán
- Service of Intensive Care, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla Santander, Spain
| | - Alvaro Del Real
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - José A Riancho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Carmen Valero
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
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23
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Hannah SS, McFadden S, McNeilly A, McClean C. "Take My Bone Away?" Hypoxia and bone: A narrative review. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:721-740. [PMID: 32643217 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To maintain normal cellular and physiological function, sufficient oxygen is required. Recently, evidence has suggested that hypoxia, either pathological or environmental, may influence bone health. It appears that bone cells are distinctly responsive to hypoxic stimuli; for better or worse, this is still yet to be elucidated. Hypoxia has been shown to offer potentially therapeutic effects for bone by inducing an osteogenic-angiogenic response, although, others have noted excessive osteoclastic bone resorption instead. Much evidence suggests that the hypoxic-inducible pathway is integral in mediating the changes in bone metabolism. Furthermore, many factors associated with hypoxia including changes in energy metabolism, acid-base balance and the increased generation of reactive oxygen species, are known to influence bone metabolism. This review aims to examine some of the putative mechanisms responsible for hypoxic-induced alterations of bone metabolism, with regard to osteoclasts and osteoblasts, both positive and negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott S Hannah
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Antrim, UK
| | - Sonyia McFadden
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Antrim, UK
| | - Andrea McNeilly
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Antrim, UK
| | - Conor McClean
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Antrim, UK
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24
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Durand M, Collombet JM, Frasca S, Sarilar V, Lataillade JJ, Le Bousse-Kerdilès MC, Holy X. Separate and combined effects of hypobaric hypoxia and hindlimb suspension on skeletal homeostasis and hematopoiesis in mice. HYPOXIA 2019; 7:41-52. [PMID: 31440522 PMCID: PMC6667353 DOI: 10.2147/hp.s195827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Bone marrow response to an organismal stress is made by orchestrating the interplay between hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Neither the cellular nor the molecular factors that regulate this process are fully understood, especially since this mechanism probably varies depending on the type of stress. Herein, we explored the differentiation and fate of MSCs and HSPCs in mice challenged with a hematopoietic stress or a mechanical stress applied separately or in combination. Methods Mice were subjected to 4 days of hypobaric hypoxia (hematopoietic challenge) and/or 7 days of hindlimb suspension (stromal challenge) and then sacrificed for blood and bone collection. Using hematological measurements, colony-forming unit assays, bone histomorphometry and array-based multiplex ELISA analysis, we evaluated challenge influences on both MSC and HSPC mobilization, differentiation (osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and mature blood cells) and fate. Results We found that hypoxia leads to HSPC mobilization and that an imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption accounts for this mobilization. Whilst suspension is also associated with an imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption, it does not induce HSPC mobilization. Then, we revealed cellular interactions by combining hematopoietic and stromal challenges together in mice. We showed that the hypoxia-driven HSPC mobilization is moderated by suspension. Moreover, when applied in a hypoxic environment, suspension offsets bone imbalance. We identified stroma cell-derived factors MIP-1α, HGF and SDF-1 as potent molecular key players sustaining interactions between hindlimb suspension and hypobaric hypoxia. Conclusion Taken together, our data highlight the benefit of combining different types of stress to better understand the interplay between MSCs and HSPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Durand
- Department of Medical and Surgical Assistance to the Armed Forces, French Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Brétigny sur Orge, Cedex 91223, France
| | - Jean-Marc Collombet
- Department of Medical and Surgical Assistance to the Armed Forces, French Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Brétigny sur Orge, Cedex 91223, France
| | - Sophie Frasca
- Department of Medical and Surgical Assistance to the Armed Forces, French Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Brétigny sur Orge, Cedex 91223, France
| | - Véronique Sarilar
- Department of Platforms & Technological Research, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Brétigny sur Orge, Cedex, 91223, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Lataillade
- Department of Medical and Surgical Assistance to the Armed Forces, French Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Brétigny sur Orge, Cedex 91223, France.,Unit for Research Development, Armed Forces Blood Transfusion Center, Clamart, Cedex 92141, France
| | | | - Xavier Holy
- Department of Platforms & Technological Research, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Brétigny sur Orge, Cedex, 91223, France
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25
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Kim HS, Park HM, Lee HS, Lee YJ. Hemoglobin levels and low bone mineral density in non-anemic older adults: Secondary analysis of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Exp Gerontol 2019; 126:110706. [PMID: 31442611 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although, previous studies have reported a positive association between hemoglobin levels and bone mineral density (BMD), the majority of the studies were limited in patients with chronic hypoxemic conditions and findings concerning the association among non-anemic populations are inconclusive. We aimed to examine the association between hemoglobin levels and BMD in non-anemic healthy adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 3626 non-anemic men and women aged ≥ 60 years who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The BMD of the lumbar spine and both femurs was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Participants with T-score for BMD < -1.0 SD were defined as having low BMD. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for low BMD were calculated using multiple logistic regression analyses across sex-specific hemoglobin quartiles. RESULTS The prevalence of low BMD gradually decreased in accordance with hemoglobin quartiles in both sexes. Compared with the group in the lowest quartile, the OR (95% CI) for low BMD in the lumbar spine was 0.78 (0.54-0.93) for men and 0.67 (0.50-0.93) for women after adjusting for age, BMI, tobacco smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, walking difficulty, household income, total calorie intake, calcium intake, iron intake, 25(OH)D, alkaline phosphatase, and parathyroid hormone levels. However, these positive associations were not found in femur after adjusting for the same co-variables. CONCLUSIONS Hemoglobin levels were inversely associated with low BMD in lumbar spine among non-anemic adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung-Sik Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Min Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jae Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Hameister R, Lohmann CH, Dheen ST, Singh G, Kaur C. Bone biology in postnatal Wistar rats following hypoxia-reoxygenation. Histol Histopathol 2019; 35:111-124. [PMID: 31268167 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia response pathways have a central role in normal and abnormal bone biology but the effect of systemic hypoxia-reoxygenation on bone is not clear. Following hypoxic exposure, aberrant synthesis, folding and trafficking of proteins has been reported to occur, which can result in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and may finally cause cell death. This study aimed to examine the effect of systemic hypoxia-reoxygenation injury on bone biology in postnatal rats. Immunoexpression of HIF-1α and VEGF was upregulated in femurs of newborn Wistar rats in response to systemic hypoxia-reoxygenation. Along with that, increased apoptosis of osteoblast precursors, osteoblasts, osteocytes and endothelial cells was observed in comparison to femurs of control animals by transmission electron microscopy, TUNEL staining and immunoexpression of cleaved caspase-3. The viability of osteoclasts was not affected. After hypoxia-reoxygenation, ER stress was observed in the osteoblasts and osteocytes as indicated by dilatation of the ER and enhanced immunoexpression of the ER stress marker GRP78. Localisation of collagen α1 immunoreaction was widespread in the bone matrix of control femurs but was confined to the osteoblasts and osteocytes in response to hypoxia-reoxygenation. In support of these findings, in vitro work showed reduced viability of osteoblast-like SaOs-2 cells and upregulation of GRP78 protein expression in them by western blotting following exposure to hypoxia. This suggests that systemic hypoxia-reoxygenation may disturb bone biology in postnatal Wistar rats by inducing ER stress and apoptosis in osteoblasts and osteocytes, without affecting the viability of osteoclasts. More in-depth research is needed to confirm causality between ER stress and apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Hameister
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christoph H Lohmann
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - S Thameem Dheen
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gurpal Singh
- University Orthopaedics, Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Charanjit Kaur
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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27
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Camacho-Cardenosa M, Camacho-Cardenosa A, Timón R, Olcina G, Tomas-Carus P, Brazo-Sayavera J. Can Hypoxic Conditioning Improve Bone Metabolism? A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16101799. [PMID: 31117194 PMCID: PMC6572511 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16101799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Among other functions, hypoxia-inducible factor plays a critical role in bone–vascular coupling and bone formation. Studies have suggested that hypoxic conditioning could be a potential nonpharmacological strategy for treating skeletal diseases. However, there is no clear consensus regarding the bone metabolism response to hypoxia. Therefore, this review aims to examine the impact of different modes of hypoxia conditioning on bone metabolism. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for experimental studies written in English that investigated the effects of modification of ambient oxygen on bone remodelling parameters of healthy organisms. Thirty-nine studies analysed the effect of sustained or cyclic hypoxia exposure on genetic and protein expression and mineralisation capacity of different cell models; three studies carried out in animal models implemented sustained or cyclic hypoxia; ten studies examined the effect of sustained, intermittent or cyclic hypoxia on bone health and hormonal responses in humans. Different modes of hypoxic conditioning may have different impacts on bone metabolism both in vivo and in vitro. Additional research is necessary to establish the optimal cyclical dose of oxygen concentration and exposure time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rafael Timón
- Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Olcina
- Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
| | - Pablo Tomas-Carus
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, 7000-812 Évora, Portugal.
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, 7000-812 Évora, Portugal.
| | - Javier Brazo-Sayavera
- Instituto Superior de Educación Física, Universidad de la República, 40000 Rivera, Uruguay.
- Polo de Desarrollo Universitario EFISAL, Universidad de la República, 40000 Rivera, Uruguay.
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28
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Nimitphong H, Siwasaranond N, Sritara C, Saetung S, Chailurkit LO, Chirakalwasan N, Ongphiphadhanakul B, Reutrakul S. The differences in the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea severity and trabecular bone score in men and women with type 2 diabetes. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL ENDOCRINOLOGY 2019; 16:100193. [PMID: 31193067 PMCID: PMC6514725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcte.2019.100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aims Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may adversely affect bone. Gender is a well-established factor influencing bone health. We investigated the impact of OSA on bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) in T2DM. Methods Eighty-one T2DM patients [33 men and 48 women] participated. OSA was diagnosed using an overnight monitor, with its severity assessed by an apnea hypopnia index (pAHI). The measurements of hypoxia, including the percentage of total sleep time in which oxygen saturation remains below 90% (pT90), the oxygen desaturation index (pODI) and minimum O2 (min O2), were reported. Lumbar spine (L1-4) and femoral neck (FN) BMD were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). TBS was computed from DXA images. Results Sixty-five patients (80.2%) had OSA. pAHI, pT90, pODI and min O2 were not correlated to L1-4 BMD, FN BMD or TBS in all participants by multiple regression analyses adjusting for age, gender and BMI. However, an interaction between gender and pAHI, and gender and pODI were significantly associated with TBS (b = 0.003, p = 0.034 and b = 0.004, p = 0.046, respectively). We therefore reassessed an association between pAHI or pODI and TBS separately between men and women. After adjusting for age and BMI, more severe OSA (higher pAHI) and higher pODI significantly associated with lower TBS (b = -0.002, p = 0.034 and b = -0.003, p = 0.021, respectively) in men. On the other hand, higher pAHI non-significantly associated with better trabecular microarchitecture as indicated by higher TBS (b = 0.002, p = 0.059) in women. When considered only postmenopausal (n = 33), higher pAHI and higher pODI were significantly associated with higher TBS (b = 0.004, p = 0.003 and b = 0.004, p = 0.008, respectively). Conclusions In T2DM patients, there is a complex interrelationship among OSA severity, gender and TBS. More severe OSA predicted lower TBS in men, but predicted higher TBS in postmenopausal women.
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Key Words
- Apnea–hypopnea index (AHI)
- BMD, bone mineral density
- BMD/TBS
- BMI, body mass index
- CV, coefficient of variation
- DXA, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
- FN, femoral neck
- Gender
- HRpQCT, high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography
- HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c
- IQR, interquartile range
- ISCD, International Society for Clinical Densitometry
- L1-4, lumbar spine 1-4
- Menopausal status
- OSA, obstructive sleep apnea
- Obstructive sleep apnea
- PMW, postmenopausal women
- RMS, root mean square
- SD, standard deviation
- T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus
- TBS, trabecular bone score
- Type 2 diabetes
- aBMD, areal bone mineral density
- min O2, minimum O2
- p, peripheral arterial tone (PAT)
- pAHI, PAT-derived apnea hypopnia index
- pODI, PAT-derived oxygen desaturation index
- pT90, PAT-derived T90
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Affiliation(s)
- Hataikarn Nimitphong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nantaporn Siwasaranond
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanika Sritara
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sunee Saetung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - La-Or Chailurkit
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Naricha Chirakalwasan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Sleep Disorders, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Boonsong Ongphiphadhanakul
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirimon Reutrakul
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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29
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Zhu J, Tang Y, Wu Q, Ji YC, Feng ZF, Kang FW. HIF-1α facilitates osteocyte-mediated osteoclastogenesis by activating JAK2/STAT3 pathway in vitro. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:21182-21192. [PMID: 31032948 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteocytes, entrapped within the mineralized bone matrix, has been found to have numerous functions such as acting as an orchestrator of bone remodeling through regulation of both osteoclast and osteoblast activity and also functioning as an endocrine cell. Due to a specialized morphology and surrounding structure, osteocytes are more tolerant to hypoxia during osteoporosis, fracture, osteoarthritis, and orthodontic-orthognathic combination therapy. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is one of the master regulators of hypoxia reactions, playing an important role in bone modeling, remodeling, and homeostasis. This study aimed to investigate the pivotal functional role of HIF-1α in osteocytes initiating of bone remodeling under hypoxia. In the present study, the osteoclasts formation induced by RAW264.7 was significantly promoted in conditioned media (CM) from osteocytic MLO-Y4 exposed to hypoxia in vitro. Therefore, hypoxic MLO-Y4 cells simulated by 100 μmol/L CoCl2 or 2% O2 stably expressed HIF-1α proteins and upregulated the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) at both the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein level. Furthermore, with the Knockdown of HIF-1α, the expression of RANKL mRNA and protein decreased after transient transfection. In addition, the phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3) was also correlated with HIF-1α and RANKL levels under hypoxia. Then AG490, a JAK2 inhibitor, inhibited p-JAK2, p-STAT3 and RANKL expression. It was possible that AG490 disturbed the contact of HIF-1α and RANKL by JAK2/STAT3 pathway, influencing osteoclastogenesis. Our findings suggested that HIF-1α promoted the expression of RANKL by activating JAK2/STAT3 pathway in MLO-Y4 cells, and enhanced osteocyte-mediated osteoclastic differentiation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Chen Ji
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Fan Feng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei-Wu Kang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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Oxygen desaturation during the 6-min walk test as a risk for osteoporosis in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. BMC Pulm Med 2019; 19:28. [PMID: 30717716 PMCID: PMC6360688 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-019-0794-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a common comorbidity in non-cystic fibrosis (non-CF) bronchiectasis patients. We determined whether desaturation during 6-min walk test (6MWT) can be a predictor for osteoporosis risk. METHODS This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. Sixty-six non-CF bronchiectasis patients were enrolled. Lung function, walking distance, the lowest oxygen saturation (SpO2), the fall in SpO2 (ΔSpO2), and the distance-saturation product (DSP) were determined during the 6MWT. Desaturators (n = 45) were defined as those with ΔSpO2 > 10% or the lowest SpO2 < 88%. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The severity of non-CF bronchiectasis was evaluated using high-resolution computed tomography. RESULTS Osteoporosis was evident in more desaturators (82%) than non-desaturators (43%, p < 0.01). BMD at the level of the femoral neck was significantly lower in desaturators than in non-desaturators (- 3.6 ± 1.1 vs. - 2.4 ± 0.9, p < 0.01). BMD was correlated positively with the lowest SpO2 and negatively with ΔSpO2 and severe exacerbations. In multivariate linear regression analysis, desaturation during 6MWT was the most significant predictive factor for osteoporosis (95% confidence interval - 1.60 to - 0.26, p = 0.01). Other risk factors included old age, low body mass index and severe exacerbation. CONCLUSIONS Exertional desaturation during the 6MWT was a significant predictive factor for osteoporosis in Asian non-CF bronchiectasis patients. The 6MWT may be useful in identifying the osteoporotic phenotype of non-CF bronchiectasis and increasing clinician awareness to promote early intervention.
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Ma Z, Yu R, Zhao J, Sun L, Jian L, Li C, Liu X. Constant hypoxia inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption by regulating phosphorylation of JNK and IκBα. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:157-166. [PMID: 30604211 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1209-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoclasts are responsible for the bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Hypoxia has been suggested to play key roles in pathological bone loss. However, the current understanding of the effects of hypoxia on osteoclastogenesis is controversial. Effects of hypoxia on both the formation and function of osteoclasts requires examination. In the current study, we aimed to explore the effect of hypoxia on osteoclast differentiation and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS RAW264.7 cells and murine bone-marrow-derived monocytes were used to induce osteoclastogenesis in the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL). Hypoxic conditions were maintained in a hypoxic chamber at 5% CO2 and 1% O2, balanced with N2. Osteoclasts were detected by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. A bone resorption assay was carried out in vitro using bone slices. RT-PCR was conducted to detect osteoclast markers and transcription factors. The phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κBα (IκBα), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK), and p38 was detected by western blotting. Mann-Whitney U test or Student's t test was used to compare differences between the two groups. RESULTS TRAP staining and the bone resorption assay revealed that hypoxia-restrained osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Expression of osteoclast markers including cathepsin K, RANK, and TRAP decreased during osteoclast differentiation under hypoxic conditions (all P < 0.05). Hypoxia at 1% O2 did not affect cell viability, whereas it dramatically abated RANKL-dependent phosphorylation of the JNK-mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and IκBα pathways. Moreover, the expression of nuclear factor of activated T-cell cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) was inhibited under hypoxic conditions (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that constant hypoxia at 1% O2 significantly restrains osteoclast formation and resorbing function without affecting cell viability. Constant hypoxia might inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by regulating NFATc1 expression via interfering the phosphorylation of JNK and IκBα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ruohan Yu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jinxia Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Leilei Jian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Changhong Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xiangyuan Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Qiao Y, Wang B, Yang JJ, Fan YF, Guo Q, Dou ZJ, Huang YQ, Feng TT, Wang SJ, An DD, Gao XL. Bone Metabolic Markers in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 131:1898-1903. [PMID: 30082519 PMCID: PMC6085856 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.238149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is prevalent in obesity and is associated with many metabolic abnormalities. The relationship between OSAS and bone metabolism is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the severity of OSAS and bone metabolic markers. Methods: A total of 119 obese males were enrolled in this study in spring months from 2015 to 2017. All candidates underwent polysomnography, and their bone mineral density (BMD) and the serum levels of total procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (t-P1NP), N-terminal midfragment of osteocalcin (N-MID), β-C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (β-CTX), vitamin D (VD), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured. The analysis of variance and Pearson correlation analysis were performed for data analyses. Results: No significant differences in the mean values of BMD were observed among the obesity, mild-to-moderate OSAS, and severe OSAS groups; and the serum levels of t-P1NP and β-CTX in the severe OSAS group were significantly higher than those in the obesity group (48.42 ± 23.78 ng/ml vs. 31.98 ± 9.85 ng/ml, P < 0.001; 0.53 ± 0.24 ng/ml vs. 0.41 ± 0.13 ng/ml, P = 0.011, respectively). The serum level of VD in the obesity group was significantly higher than those in the mild-to-moderate and severe OSAS groups (both P < 0.001), and decreased as the severity of OSAS increased (P < 0.001). The serum level of PTH in the severey and mild-to-moderate OSAS groups (both P < 0.001). The results of correlation analysis indicated that the level of apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was correlated with the levels of t-P1NP (r = 0.396, P < 0.001), VD (r = –0.404, P < 0.001), and PTH (r = 0.400, P < 0.001), whereas the level of minimum O2 saturation (SaO2 min) was correlated with the levels of VD (r = 0.258, P = 0.016) and PTH (r = –0.376, P < 0.001). Conclusions: The levels of bone resorption and formation markers in patients with severe OSAS were significantly increased compared to obese men, and the severity of OSAS was correlated with the serum levels of t-P1NP, VD, and PTH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Yang
- Department of the Second Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Yan-Feng Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Qian Guo
- Department of the Second Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Zhan-Jun Dou
- Department of the Second Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Ya-Qiong Huang
- Department of the Second Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Ting-Ting Feng
- Department of the Second Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Shu-Juan Wang
- Department of the Second Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Dong-Dong An
- Department of the Second Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
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Arnett TR, Orriss IR. Metabolic properties of the osteoclast. Bone 2018; 115:25-30. [PMID: 29274806 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are defined as cells capable of excavating 3-dimensional resorption pits in bone and other mineralised tissues. They are derived from the differentiation/fusion of promonocytic precursors, and are usually large, multinucleated cells. In common with other cells from this myeloid lineage such as macrophages and dendritic cells, they are adapted to function in hypoxic, acidic environments. The process of bone resorption is rapid and is presumably highly energy-intensive, since osteoclasts must actively extrude protons to dissolve hydroxyapatite mineral, whilst secreting cathepsin K to degrade collagen, as well as maintaining a high degree of motility. Osteoclasts are well known to contain abundant mitochondria but they are also able to rely on glycolytic (anaerobic) metabolism to generate the ATP needed to power their activity. Their primary extracellular energy source appears to be glucose. Excessive accumulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in osteoclasts during extended periods of high activity in oxygen-poor environments may promote apoptosis and help to limit bone resorption - a trajectory that could be termed "live fast, die young". In general, however, the metabolism of osteoclasts remains a poorly-investigated area, not least because of the technical challenges of studying actively resorbing cells in appropriate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Arnett
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Isabel R Orriss
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK.
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Drager J, Ramirez-GarciaLuna JL, Kumar A, Gbureck U, Harvey EJ, Barralet JE. Hypoxia Biomimicry to Enhance Monetite Bone Defect Repair. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:1372-1381. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Justin Drager
- Division of Orthopaedics, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Abhishek Kumar
- Division of Orthopaedics, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Uwe Gbureck
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Edward J. Harvey
- Division of Orthopaedics, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
- Bone Engineering Labs, Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jake E. Barralet
- Division of Orthopaedics, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
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Vaassen LA, Speel EJM, Kessler PA. Bone invasion by oral squamous cell carcinoma: Molecular alterations leading to osteoclastogenesis – a review of literature. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2017; 45:1464-1471. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Hulley PA, Bishop T, Vernet A, Schneider JE, Edwards JR, Athanasou NA, Knowles HJ. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha does not regulate osteoclastogenesis but enhances bone resorption activity via prolyl-4-hydroxylase 2. J Pathol 2017; 242:322-333. [PMID: 28418093 PMCID: PMC5518186 DOI: 10.1002/path.4906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenic-angiogenic coupling is promoted by the hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) transcription factor, provoking interest in HIF activation as a therapeutic strategy to improve osteoblast mineralization and treat pathological osteolysis. However, HIF also enhances the bone-resorbing activity of mature osteoclasts. It is therefore essential to determine the full effect(s) of HIF on both the formation and the bone-resorbing function of osteoclasts in order to understand how they might respond to such a strategy. Expression of HIF-1α mRNA and protein increased during osteoclast differentiation from CD14+ monocytic precursors, additionally inducing expression of the HIF-regulated glycolytic enzymes. However, HIF-1α siRNA only moderately affected osteoclast differentiation, accelerating fusion of precursor cells. HIF induction by inhibition of the regulatory prolyl-4-hydroxylase (PHD) enzymes reduced osteoclastogenesis, but was confirmed to enhance bone resorption by mature osteoclasts. Phd2+/- murine osteoclasts also exhibited enhanced bone resorption, associated with increased expression of resorption-associated Acp5, in comparison with wild-type cells from littermate controls. Phd3-/- bone marrow precursors displayed accelerated early fusion, mirroring results with HIF-1α siRNA. In vivo, Phd2+/- and Phd3-/- mice exhibited reduced trabecular bone mass, associated with reduced mineralization by Phd2+/- osteoblasts. These data indicate that HIF predominantly functions as a regulator of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, with little effect on osteoclast differentiation. Inhibition of HIF might therefore represent an alternative strategy to treat diseases characterized by pathological levels of osteolysis. © 2017 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippa A Hulley
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tammie Bishop
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Aude Vernet
- BHF Experimental MR Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - James R Edwards
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nick A Athanasou
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Helen J Knowles
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Rodríguez-Ubreva J, Garcia-Gomez A, Ballestar E. Epigenetic mechanisms of myeloid differentiation in the tumor microenvironment. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2017; 35:20-29. [PMID: 28551408 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid cells are extremely plastic as they respond and terminally differentiate into a plethora of functional types, in the blood or tissues, in response to a variety of growth factors, cytokines and pathogenic molecules. This plasticity is also manifested by the subversion of normal differentiation into the aberrant generation of a variety of tolerogenic myeloid cells in the tumoral microenvironment, where a variety of factors are released. Epigenetic mechanisms are in great part responsible for the plasticity of myeloid cells both under physiological and tumoral conditions. The development of compounds that inhibit epigenetic enzymes provides novel therapeutic opportunities to intercept the crosstalk between cancer cells and host myeloid cells. Here, we summarize our current knowledge on the myeloid cell types generated in the cancer environment, the factors and epigenetic enzymes participating in these processes and propose a number of potential targets for future pharmacological use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Rodríguez-Ubreva
- Chromatin and Disease Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Programme (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Garcia-Gomez
- Chromatin and Disease Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Programme (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esteban Ballestar
- Chromatin and Disease Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Programme (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Zhang QB, Li YF, Li MX, Kong LY, Jiang LF, Feng HW, Fan XL. Adenotonsillectomy outcomes regarding bone age and osteocalcin in treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children. World J Pediatr 2017; 13:158-164. [PMID: 27917446 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-016-0073-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the effect of adenotonsillectomy (AT) on bone development, quality of life and polysomnography evaluation in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA). METHODS Preoperative and postoperative (6 months) physical examination, PSG, bone age (BA) and osteocalcin (OC) evaluation were performed on the selected OSA children (n=92) and the healthy children (n=87). The OSA children were also scored based on the OSA 18-item questionnaire. A two-year follow-up was conducted to evaluate BA and OC changes. RESULTS After AT, 81 (88.04%) OSA children recovered completely, eight (8.70%) achieved remarkable improvements, and three (3.26%) achieved moderate improvements. In the OSA children, postoperative OSA 18-item score and the scores of the five domains were significantly higher than preoperative ones. Compared with the preoperative, body mass index (BMI), weight for age Z-sores, height for age Z-sores, weight for height Z-sores and BMI Z-score in the OSA group 6 months after the operation were significantly increased, but no significant difference was detected between the OSA and the control group. The changes of BA and chronological age in the OSA group were significantly different from those in the control group. Two years after AT, BA between the two groups was no longer significantly different. Preoperative serum OC in the OSA group was lower than that in the control group, but increased to normal levels 6 months after AT. Correlation analysis showed serum OC levels were negatively correlated with apnea hyponea index, obstructive apnea index, arousal index, and lowest oxygen saturation. CONCLUSIONS After AT, bone growth and development in children with OSA recovered gradually, and the serum OC levels decreased to the normal level. Therefore, preventive measures and positive treatments should be applied to minimize the negative effects of OSA in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Biao Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Yin-Feng Li
- Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Ming-Xiu Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, No.27 East Jiefang Road, Linyi, 276003, China.
| | - Ling-Yu Kong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Liang-Fu Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, No.27 East Jiefang Road, Linyi, 276003, China
| | - Hui-Wei Feng
- Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Xian-Liang Fan
- Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
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Noguchi T, Ebina K, Hirao M, Morimoto T, Koizumi K, Kitaguchi K, Matsuoka H, Iwahashi T, Yoshikawa H. Oxygen ultra-fine bubbles water administration prevents bone loss of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in mice by suppressing osteoclast differentiation. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:1063-1075. [PMID: 27896363 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3830-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Oxygen ultra-fine bubbles (OUB) saline injection prevents bone loss of glucocorti\coid-induced osteoporosis in mice, and OUB inhibit osteoclastogenesis via RANK-TRAF6-c-Fos-NFATc1 signaling and RANK-p38 MAPK signaling in vitro. INTRODUCTION Ultra-fine bubbles (<200 nm in diameter) have several unique properties, and they are tested in various medical fields. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of oxygen ultra-fine bubbles (OUB) on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) model mice. METHODS Prednisolone (PSL, 5 mg) was subcutaneously inserted in 6-month-old male C57BL/6J mice, and 200 μl of saline, OUB-diluted saline, or nitrogen ultra-fine bubbles (NUB)-diluted saline was intraperitoneally injected three times per week for 8 weeks the day after operations. Mice were divided into four groups; (1) control, sham-operation + saline; (2) GIO, PSL + saline; (3) GIO + OUB, PSL + OUB saline; (4) GIO + NUB, PSL + NUB saline. The effects of OUB on osteoblasts and osteoclasts were examined by serially diluted OUB medium in vitro. RESULTS Bone mass was significantly decreased in GIO [bone volume/total volume (%): control vs. GIO 12.6 vs. 7.9; p < 0.01] while significantly preserved in GIO + OUB (GIO vs. GIO + OUB 7.9 vs. 12.9; p < 0.05). In addition, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells in the distal femur [mean osteoclasts number/bone surface (mm-1)] was significantly increased in GIO (control vs. GIO 6.8 vs. 11.6; p < 0.01) while suppressed in GIO + OUB (GIO vs. GIO + OUB 11.6 vs. 7.5; p < 0.01). NUB did not affect these parameters. In vitro experiments revealed that OUB significantly inhibited osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting RANK-TRAF6-c-Fos-NFATc1 signaling, RANK-p38 MAPK signaling, and TRAP/Cathepsin K/DC-STAMP mRNA expression in a concentration-dependent manner. OUB did not affect osteoblastogenesis in vitro. CONCLUSIONS OUB prevent bone loss in GIO mice by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Noguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Ebina
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - M Hirao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - T Morimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Koizumi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Kitaguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Matsuoka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - T Iwahashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Yoshikawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Horenstein AL, Quarona V, Toscani D, Costa F, Chillemi A, Pistoia V, Giuliani N, Malavasi F. Adenosine Generated in the Bone Marrow Niche Through a CD38-Mediated Pathway Correlates with Progression of Human Myeloma. Mol Med 2016; 22:694-704. [PMID: 27761584 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2016.00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human myeloma cells express CD38 at high levels and grow in hypoxic niches inside the bone marrow. Myeloma cells respond to hypoxia with metabolic changes leading to aerobic glycolysis, thus reducing ATP and increasing NAD+. Our hypothesis is that these conditions favor the enzymatic pathways involved in the production of adenosine in the niche. Within the niche, NAD+ is able to activate a discontinuous adenosinergic pathway that relies upon CD38, CD203a, and CD73 or TRACP, according to the environmental pH. The observed variability in adenosine concentrations in bone marrow aspirates is a result of the interactions taking place among myeloma and other cells in the bone marrow niche. A pilot study showed that adenosine profiles differ during disease progression. Adenosine levels were significantly higher in the bone marrow plasma of patients with symptomatic myeloma and correlated with ISS staging, suggesting that adenosine is produced in the myeloma niche at micromolar levels by an ectoenzymatic network centered on CD38. Adenosine levels increase with disease aggressiveness, a finding that supports adenosine as a potential marker of myeloma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto L Horenstein
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy.,CeRMS, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Valeria Quarona
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Denise Toscani
- Myeloma Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Federica Costa
- Myeloma Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Antonella Chillemi
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Vito Pistoia
- Laboratory of Oncology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova 16148, Italy
| | - Nicola Giuliani
- Myeloma Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Fabio Malavasi
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy.,CeRMS, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy.,Transplantation Immunology, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino 10126, Italy
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41
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Siao-Pin S, Damian LO, Muntean LM, Rednic S. Acroosteolysis in systemic sclerosis: An insight into hypoxia-related pathogenesis. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3459-3463. [PMID: 27882179 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Acro-osteolysis, or bony resorption of the terminal digital tufts, is a well-recognized, but under-researched, feature of systemic sclerosis. The mechanisms that disturbs local homeostatic balance of bone formation and resorption in favor of osteoclast activation and pathological bone loss remain to be established. Vascular alterations and reduced capillary density impair tissue oxygenation in systemic sclerosis, and the resulting hypoxia might contribute directly to the disease progression. In this paper we summarize the current evidence for hypoxia as the common pathophysiological denominator of digital vasculopathy and enhanced osteoclastic activity in systemic sclerosis-associated acroosteolysis. The hypoxia-inducible transcription factor HIF-1α and VEGF signaling has a critical role in regulating osteoclastic bone-resorption and angiogenesis, and increased osteoclastogenesis and higher VEGF levels may contribute to acroosteolysis in systemic sclerosis. The cells of the osteoblast lineage also have important roles in angiogenic-osteogenic coupling. The research in this field might help limiting the disability associated with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Siao-Pin
- Rheumatology Department, 'Iuliu Hațieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Rheumatology Department, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laura-Otilia Damian
- Rheumatology Department, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laura Mirela Muntean
- Rheumatology Department, 'Iuliu Hațieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Rheumatology Department, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simona Rednic
- Rheumatology Department, 'Iuliu Hațieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Rheumatology Department, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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42
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Rittweger J, Debevec T, Frings-Meuthen P, Lau P, Mittag U, Ganse B, Ferstl PG, Simpson EJ, Macdonald IA, Eiken O, Mekjavic IB. On the combined effects of normobaric hypoxia and bed rest upon bone and mineral metabolism: Results from the PlanHab study. Bone 2016; 91:130-8. [PMID: 27443510 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Bone losses are common as a consequence of unloading and also in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although hypoxia has been implicated as an important factor to drive bone loss, its interaction with unloading remains unresolved. The objective therefore was to assess whether human bone loss caused by unloading could be aggravated by chronic hypoxia. In a cross-over designed study, 14 healthy young men underwent 21-day interventions of bed rest in normoxia (NBR), bed rest in hypoxia (HBR), and hypoxic ambulatory confinement (HAmb). Hypoxic conditions were equivalent to 4000m altitude. Bone metabolism (NTX, P1NP, sclerostin, DKK1) and phospho-calcic homeostasis (calcium and phosphate serum levels and urinary excretion, PTH) were assessed from regular blood samples and 24-hour urine collections, and tibia and femur bone mineral content was assessed by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). Urinary NTX excretion increased (P<0.001) to a similar extent in NBR and HBR (P=0.69) and P1NP serum levels decreased (P=0.0035) with likewise no difference between NBR and HBR (P=0.88). Serum total calcium was increased during bed rest by 0.059 (day D05, SE 0.05mM) to 0.091mM (day D21, P<0.001), with no additional effect by hypoxia during bed rest (P=0.199). HAmb led, at least temporally, to increased total serum calcium, to reduced serum phosphate, and to reduced phosphate and calcium excretion. In conclusion, hypoxia did not aggravate bed rest-induced bone resorption, but led to changes in phospho-calcic homeostasis likely caused by hyperventilation. Whether hyperventilation could have mitigated the effects of hypoxia in this study remains to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörn Rittweger
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 51147 Cologne, Germany; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Tadej Debevec
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Petra Frings-Meuthen
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 51147 Cologne, Germany
| | - Patrick Lau
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 51147 Cologne, Germany
| | - Uwe Mittag
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 51147 Cologne, Germany
| | - Bergita Ganse
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 51147 Cologne, Germany
| | - Philip G Ferstl
- Medizinische Klinik I, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Elizabeth J Simpson
- MRC/Arthritis UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Aging Research, University of Nottingham Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ian A Macdonald
- MRC/Arthritis UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Aging Research, University of Nottingham Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ola Eiken
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Swedish Aerospace Physiology Centre, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Igor B Mekjavic
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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Drager J, Sheikh Z, Zhang YL, Harvey EJ, Barralet JE. Local delivery of iron chelators reduces in vivo remodeling of a calcium phosphate bone graft substitute. Acta Biomater 2016; 42:411-419. [PMID: 27449336 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Iron chelators are known activators of the Hypoxia Includible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) pathway, a critical cellular pathway involved in angiogenic responses to hypoxia. Local delivery of these chelators has shown promise in bone tissue engineering strategies by inducing angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Hypoxic microenvironments are also a stimulus for osteoclast differentiation and resorptive activity, a process likely mediated by HIF-1α. In vitro, low doses of the iron chelator Deferoxamine (DFO) has shown to induce HIF-1α mediated osteoclast formation and function. However other studies have proposed an opposite in vitro effect likely through HIF independent mechanisms. To investigate use of these medications in bioceramic based bone tissue engineering strategies this study aimed to determine the in vivo effect of local delivery of iron chelators on bioceramic remodeling. A non-weight bearing cranial onlay model was used to assess monetite resorption and new bone formation in the presence or absence of a repeated delivery of two iron chelators, DFO and 1,10 Phenanthroline (PHT) at doses known to induce HIF. We found a marked reduction graft resorption and remodeling associated with iron chelation. This was correlated to a 3-fold reduction in osteoclast number at the bone graft interface. Iron is needed for mitochondrial biogenesis during osteoclastic differentiation and reducing extracellular iron levels may inhibit this process and possibly overpower any HIF induced osteoclast formation. Our findings suggest that these inexpensive and widely available molecules may be used to locally reduce bioceramic scaffold resorption and encourages future investigations of iron chelators as bone anti-resorptive agents in other clinical contexts. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Low doses of iron chelators can induce angiogenesis and osteogenesis in repairing bone by stimulating the oxygen sensitive gene; hypoxia inducible factor. These medications have potential to augment bioceramic based bone tissue engineering strategies without the downsides of protein-based growth factors. HIF activation is also known to stimulate osteoclast-mediated resorption and could potentially accelerate remodeling of biocermaics, however we have shown that the local delivery of iron chelation at doses known to induce HIF resulted in a reduction of monetite resorption and a significant decrease in osteoclast number at the bone graft interface. This maybe due to HIF independent mechanism. This is the first study to show a local effect of iron chelators in vivo on osteoclast-mediated resorption. This opens the potential of further study of these bifunctional medications to modulate resorption of biocermaics in environments where a prolonged presence of material is desired for graft site stability. Moreover these safe widely used medications can be explored to locally reduce osteoclasts in pathological bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Drager
- Division of Orthopaedics, McGill University Health Center, 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, Qc H3G 1A4, Canada.
| | - Zeeshan Sheikh
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada.
| | - Yu Ling Zhang
- Division of Orthopaedics, McGill University Health Center, 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, Qc H3G 1A4, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640, Rue University, Montreal, Qc H3A 0C7, Canada.
| | - Edward J Harvey
- Division of Orthopaedics, McGill University Health Center, 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, Qc H3G 1A4, Canada.
| | - Jake E Barralet
- Division of Orthopaedics, McGill University Health Center, 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, Qc H3G 1A4, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640, Rue University, Montreal, Qc H3A 0C7, Canada.
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44
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Lemma S, Sboarina M, Porporato PE, Zini N, Sonveaux P, Di Pompo G, Baldini N, Avnet S. Energy metabolism in osteoclast formation and activity. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 79:168-180. [PMID: 27590854 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclastogenesis and osteolysis are energy-consuming processes supported by high metabolic activities. In human osteoclasts derived from the fusion of monocytic precursors, we found a substantial increase in the number of mitochondria with differentiation. In mature osteoclasts, mitochondria were also increased in size, rich of cristae and arranged in a complex tubular network. When compared with immature cells, fully differentiated osteoclasts showed higher levels of enzymes of the electron transport chain, a higher mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate and a lower glycolytic efficiency, as evaluated by extracellular flux analysis and by the quantification of metabolites in the culture supernatant. Thus, oxidative phosphorylation appeared the main bioenergetic source for osteoclast formation. Conversely, we found that bone resorption mainly relied on glycolysis. In fact, osteoclast fuelling with galactose, forcing cells to depend on Oxidative Phosphorylation by reducing the rate of glycolysis, significantly impaired Type I collagen degradation, whereas non-cytotoxic doses of rotenone, an inhibitor of the mitochondrial complex I, enhanced osteoclast activity. Furthermore, we found that the enzymes associated to the glycolytic pathway are localised close to the actin ring of polarised osteoclasts, where energy-demanding activities associated with bone degradation take place. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the energy required for osteoclast differentiation mainly derives from mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, whereas the peripheral cellular activities associated with bone matrix degradation are supported by glycolysis. A better understanding of human osteoclast energy metabolism holds the potential for future therapeutic interventions aimed to target osteoclast activity in different pathological conditions of bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Lemma
- Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Sboarina
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL) Medical School, Brussels 1200, Belgium
| | - Paolo E Porporato
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL) Medical School, Brussels 1200, Belgium
| | - Nicoletta Zini
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierre Sonveaux
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL) Medical School, Brussels 1200, Belgium
| | - Gemma Di Pompo
- Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sofia Avnet
- Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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45
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Wang G, Wang J, Sun D, Xin J, Wang L, Huang D, Wu W, Xian CJ. Short-Term Hypoxia Accelerates Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Rats by Suppressing Osteoblastogenesis but Enhancing Osteoclastogenesis. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:2962-71. [PMID: 27550548 PMCID: PMC5006713 DOI: 10.12659/msm.899485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although it has been reported that hypoxic exposure can attenuate hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, and some other diseases, effects of hypoxia on osteoporosis are still unknown. Material/Methods The current study investigated whether short-term hypoxic exposure (in comparison with normoxic conditions) affects bone metabolism in normal or ovariectomized (OVX) adult female rats in an vivo study. Micro-computed tomography bone volume/structural analyses, histological examination, and serum bone turnover biochemical assays were used. In addition, the expressions of some associated major regulatory molecules were measured in osteoblastic cultures. Results While the 14-day hypoxic exposure did not change the bone-remodeling process in normal adult female rats, it decreased bone volume, osteoclast density, and serum bone formation marker (alkaline phosphatase) level, but increased osteoclast density and serum bone resorption marker (C-telopeptide of collagen) level in OVX rats. The bone marrow adipocyte number and serum fatty acid binding protein-4 level were increased in OVX-hypoxic rats compared with OVX-normoxic rats. Consistently, in human MG-63 osteoblastic cultures, the hypoxic condition suppressed protein expression of osteogenic transcriptional factors Runx2 and osterix, elevated protein expression of osteoclastogenic cytokine receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand, but reduced that of osteoclastogenic inhibitor osteoprotegerin. Conclusions Our results suggest that, although no change occurred in the bone-remodeling process in normal adult female rats after hypoxic exposure, under the estrogen-deficient osteoporotic condition, the hypoxic condition can alter the bone microenvironment so that it may further impair osteoblastic differentiation and enhance osteoclastic formation, and thus reduce bone formation, enhance bone resorption, and accelerate bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Traumatology, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Traumatology, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Dawei Sun
- Department of Orthopedics & Microsurgery, Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Guanghzou, China (mainland)
| | - Jingyi Xin
- Department of Orthopaedic Traumatology, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Liping Wang
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dong Huang
- Department of Orthopedics & Microsurgery, Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Guanghzou, China (mainland)
| | - Weichi Wu
- Department of Orthopedics & Microsurgery, Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Cory J Xian
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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46
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences between patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and phenotypically similar subjects without OSAS in terms of bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers. The study was conducted on 30 males diagnosed with OSAS and 20 healthy males. All subjects underwent polysomnographic testing. Calcium, phosphorus parathyroid hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, osteocalcin, and beta-CrossLaps (β-CTx) were measured. BMD in the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and femoral neck was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic data with the exception of bone mass index and waist circumference. (p < 0.05). Analyses showed significantly lower BMD measurements in the femoral neck and T-scores in the femoral neck in patients diagnosed with OSAS. Serum β-CTx levels were found to be statistically significantly higher in the OSAS group (p = 0.017). In multivariate assessments performed for apnea/hypopnea index values, mean saturation O2 levels were found to be significantly associated with osteocalcin levels and neck BMD. OSAS patients might represent a risk group with respect to loss of BMD and bone resorption. It is important to evaluate bone loss in these patients. Further studies should be carried out on larger study populations to evaluate the effects of chronic hypoxia on BMD in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Terzi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Zahide Yılmaz
- Department of Neurology, Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
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47
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Park JK, Fava A, Carrino J, Del Grande F, Rosen A, Boin F. Association of Acroosteolysis With Enhanced Osteoclastogenesis and Higher Blood Levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Systemic Sclerosis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2016; 68:201-9. [PMID: 26361270 DOI: 10.1002/art.39424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bone resorption of distal phalanges, or acroosteolysis (AO), can develop in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), causing pain and functional limitation. This study was undertaken to investigate whether AO may be associated with abnormal osteoclastogenesis in SSc patients and whether hypoxia may be involved in this process. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from 26 SSc patients (11 with AO and 15 without AO) and 14 healthy controls were cultured in the presence of RANKL and macrophage colony-stimulating factor for 9 days. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) containing 3 or more nuclei were counted as osteoclasts. Plasma levels and effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on osteoclast formation were evaluated. RESULTS SSc patients with AO formed significantly more osteoclasts after 9 days than did patients without AO (mean ± SD 142.4 ± 67.0 versus 27.2 ± 17.6 MGCs/well; P < 0.001) or healthy controls (mean ± SD 18.7 ± 27.0 MGCs/well; P < 0.001). No significant difference in osteoclast formation was noted between the patients without AO and healthy controls. Plasma levels of VEGF were higher in SSc patients with AO compared to those without (mean ± SD 142.4 ± 69.6 pg/ml versus 88.1 ± 38.2 pg/ml; P < 0.005) or healthy controls (54.2 ± 24.6 pg/ml; P = 0.018). Priming with VEGF-A for 24 hours significantly increased osteoclast generation by 5.3 ± 1.9 fold (P = 0.0018). The radiographic extent of AO was associated with increased osteoclast formation (Spearman's ρ = 0.741, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that increased osteoclast formation and higher VEGF levels may contribute to AO in SSc patients. Further studies are needed to elucidate whether targeting osteoclastogenesis may provide a specific therapeutic option for SSc-associated AO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyun Park
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Andrea Fava
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John Carrino
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Filippo Del Grande
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, and Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Antony Rosen
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Francesco Boin
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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48
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Abstract
Bone integrity is maintained throughout life via the homeostatic actions of bone cells, namely, osteoclasts, which resorb bone, and osteoblasts, which produce bone. Disruption of this balance in favor of osteoclast activation results in pathological bone loss, which occurs in conditions including osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, primary bone cancer, and cancer metastasis to bone. Hypoxia also plays a major role in these conditions, where it is associated with disease progression and poor prognosis. In recent years, considerable interest has arisen in the mechanisms whereby hypoxia and the hypoxia-inducible transcription factors, HIF-1α and HIF-2α, affect bone remodeling and bone pathologies. This review summarizes the current evidence for hypoxia-mediated regulation of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption activity. Role(s) of HIF and HIF target genes in the formation of multinucleated osteoclasts from cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage and in the activation of bone resorption by mature osteoclasts will be discussed. Specific attention will be paid to hypoxic metabolism and generation of ATP by osteoclasts. Hypoxia-driven increases in both glycolytic flux and mitochondrial metabolic activity, along with consequent generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, have been found to be essential for osteoclast formation and resorption activity. Finally, evidence for the use of HIF inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents targeting bone resorption in osteolytic disease will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen J Knowles
- Botnar Research Centre, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
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49
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Di Laura A, Hothi HS, Meswania JM, Whittaker RK, de Villiers D, Zustin J, Blunn GW, Skinner JA, Hart AJ. Clinical relevance of corrosion patterns attributed to inflammatory cell-induced corrosion: A retrieval study. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 105:155-164. [PMID: 26439211 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In vitro studies have shown that human osteoclasts can corrode stainless steel and titanium leading to the production of metal ions responsible for inflammatory reactions. Moreover, traces of cellular activities on metal orthopaedic explants have recently been reported as inflammatory cell-induced (ICI) corrosion being the result of the cells sealing on the metal surfaces and releasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) through Fenton-like reactions. The extent and clinical relevance of this phenomenon has yet to be understood. We analysed a cohort of 100 CoCr alloy hips collected at our retrieval centre; we performed macroscopic and microscopic screening and used statistical analysis to correlate our findings with implant and clinical variables. We found that 59% of our implants had evidence of surface damage consistent with what has previously been described as cell-induced corrosion. There was a significant association between the patterns and aseptic loosening for the ASR modular (r = -0.488, p = 0.016) and the Durom modular (r = 0.454, p = 0.026). This is the largest implant retrieval study to examine the phenomena of so-called ICI corrosion and is the first to investigate its clinical relevance. We recommend further work to determine the role of cells in the damage patterns observed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 155-164, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Di Laura
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London and the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom
| | - Harry S Hothi
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London and the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom
| | - Jay M Meswania
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London and the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom
| | - Robert K Whittaker
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London and the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom
| | - Danielle de Villiers
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London and the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom
| | - Jozef Zustin
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London and the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon W Blunn
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London and the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom
| | - John A Skinner
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London and the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom
| | - Alister J Hart
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London and the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom
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50
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Bae WJ, Shin MR, Kang SK, Zhang-Jun, Kim JY, Lee SC, Kim EC. HIF-2 Inhibition Supresses Inflammatory Responses and Osteoclastic Differentiation in Human Periodontal Ligament Cells. J Cell Biochem 2015; 116:1241-55. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Won-Jung Bae
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology; Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration (MRC); School of Dentistry; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Ran Shin
- Department of Prosthodontics; Dongatn Sacred Heart Hospital; Hallym University; Dongtan South Korea
| | - Soo-Kyung Kang
- Department of Oral Medicine; School of Dentistry; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Zhang-Jun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology; Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration (MRC); School of Dentistry; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Yeol Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology; Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration (MRC); School of Dentistry; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Cheon Lee
- Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering; School of Dentistry; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology; Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration (MRC); School of Dentistry; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Republic of Korea
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