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Liu L, Zhang X, Fedeli S, Cicek YA, Ndugire W, Rotello VM. Controlled Bio-Orthogonal Catalysis Using Nanozyme-Protein Complexes via Modulation of Electrostatic Interactions. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1507. [PMID: 38612022 PMCID: PMC11012815 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Bio-orthogonal chemistry provides a powerful tool for drug delivery systems due to its ability to generate therapeutic agents in situ, minimizing off-target effects. Bio-orthogonal transition metal catalysts (TMCs) with stimuli-responsive properties offer possibilities for controllable catalysis due to their spatial-, temporal-, and dosage-controllable properties. In this paper, we fabricated a stimuli-responsive bio-orthogonal catalysis system based on an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-nanozyme (NZ) complex (EGFP-NZ). Regulation of the catalytic properties of the EGFP-NZ complex was directly achieved by modulating the ionic strength of the solution. The dielectric screening introduced by salt ions allows the dissociation of the EGFP-NZ complex, increasing the access of substrate to the active site of the NZs and concomitantly increasing nanozyme activity. The change in catalytic rate of the NZ/EGFP = 1:1 complex was positively correlated with salt concentration from 0 mM to 150 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst, MA 01003, USA; (L.L.); (X.Z.); (S.F.); (Y.A.C.)
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2
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Huang R, Hirschbiegel CM, Lehot V, Liu L, Cicek YA, Rotello VM. Modular Fabrication of Bioorthogonal Nanozymes for Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2300943. [PMID: 37042795 PMCID: PMC11234510 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of transition metal catalysts (TMCs) into nanoscaffolds generates nanocatalysts that replicate key aspects of enzymatic behavior. The TMCs can access bioorthogonal chemistry unavailable to living systems. These bioorthogonal nanozymes can be employed as in situ "factories" for generating bioactive molecules where needed. The generation of effective bioorthogonal nanozymes requires co-engineering of the TMC and the nanometric scaffold. This review presents an overview of recent advances in the field of bioorthogonal nanozymes, focusing on modular design aspects of both nanomaterial and catalyst and how they synergistically work together for in situ uncaging of imaging and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Cristina-Maria Hirschbiegel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Victor Lehot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Yagiz Anil Cicek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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3
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Huang R, Fedeli S, Hirschbiegel CM, Zhang X, Rotello VM. Modulation of Gold Nanoparticle Ligand Structure-Dynamic Relationships Probed Using Solution NMR. ACS NANOSCIENCE AU 2024; 4:62-68. [PMID: 38406311 PMCID: PMC10885325 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.3c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Ligand dynamics plays a critical role in the chemical and biological properties of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). In this study, ligands featuring hydrophobic alkanethiol interiors and hydrophilic shells were used to systematically examine the effects of ligand headgroups on the ligand dynamics. Solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provided quantitative insight into the monolayer ligand dynamics. Notably, the introduction of hydrophobic moieties to the cationic headgroups significantly decreased ligand conformational mobility; however, variations in hydrophobicity among these moieties had a limited effect on this reduction. Further examination of ligand dynamics under various physiological conditions, including ionic strength and temperature, showed that ligands bound to the AuNP surface become less conformationally mobile with an increase in ionic strength or decreasing temperature. This exploration of ligand dynamics provides insight into designing nanoparticles tailored to specific biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cristina-Maria Hirschbiegel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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4
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Zhang X, Liu Y, Jiang M, Mas-Rosario JA, Fedeli S, Cao-Milan R, Liu L, Winters KJ, Hirschbiegel CM, Nabawy A, Huang R, Farkas ME, Rotello VM. Polarization of macrophages to an anti-cancer phenotype through in situ uncaging of a TLR 7/8 agonist using bioorthogonal nanozymes. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2486-2494. [PMID: 38362405 PMCID: PMC10866364 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06431j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are plastic cells of the immune system that can be broadly classified as having pro-inflammatory (M1-like) or anti-inflammatory (M2-like) phenotypes. M2-like macrophages are often associated with cancers and can promote cancer growth and create an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment. Repolarizing macrophages from M2-like to M1-like phenotype provides a crucial strategy for anticancer immunotherapy. Imiquimod is an FDA-approved small molecule that can polarize macrophages by activating toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR 7/8) located inside lysosomes. However, the non-specific inflammation that results from the drug has limited its systemic application. To overcome this issue, we report the use of gold nanoparticle-based bioorthogonal nanozymes for the conversion of an inactive, imiquimod-based prodrug to an active compound for macrophage re-education from anti- to pro-inflammatory phenotypes. The nanozymes were delivered to macrophages through endocytosis, where they uncaged pro-imiquimod in situ. The generation of imiquimod resulted in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The re-educated M1-like macrophages feature enhanced phagocytosis of cancer cells, leading to efficient macrophage-based tumor cell killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Yuanchang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Mingdi Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Javier A Mas-Rosario
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst 230 Stockbridge Road Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA
| | - Stefano Fedeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Roberto Cao-Milan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Kyle J Winters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | | | - Ahmed Nabawy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Michelle E Farkas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst 230 Stockbridge Road Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst 230 Stockbridge Road Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA
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5
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Keum C, Hirschbiegel CM, Chakraborty S, Jin S, Jeong Y, Rotello VM. Biomimetic and bioorthogonal nanozymes for biomedical applications. NANO CONVERGENCE 2023; 10:42. [PMID: 37695365 PMCID: PMC10495311 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-023-00390-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes mimic the function of enzymes, which drive essential intracellular chemical reactions that govern biological processes. They efficiently generate or degrade specific biomolecules that can initiate or inhibit biological processes, regulating cellular behaviors. Two approaches for utilizing nanozymes in intracellular chemistry have been reported. Biomimetic catalysis replicates the identical reactions of natural enzymes, and bioorthogonal catalysis enables chemistries inaccessible in cells. Various nanozymes based on nanomaterials and catalytic metals are employed to attain intended specific catalysis in cells either to mimic the enzymatic mechanism and kinetics or expand inaccessible chemistries. Each nanozyme approach has its own intrinsic advantages and limitations, making them complementary for diverse and specific applications. This review summarizes the strategies for intracellular catalysis and applications of biomimetic and bioorthogonal nanozymes, including a discussion of their limitations and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjoon Keum
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Cristina-Maria Hirschbiegel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Soham Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Soyeong Jin
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngdo Jeong
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-Convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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6
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Nabawy A, Gupta A, Jiang M, Hirschbiegel CM, Fedeli S, Chattopadhyay AN, Park J, Zhang X, Liu L, Rotello VM. Biodegradable nanoemulsion-based bioorthogonal nanocatalysts for intracellular generation of anticancer therapeutics. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:13595-13602. [PMID: 37554065 PMCID: PMC10528015 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01801f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal catalysis mediated by transition metal catalysts (TMCs) provides controlled in situ activation of prodrugs through chemical reactions that do not interfere with cellular bioprocesses. The direct use of 'naked' TMCs in biological environments can have issues of solubility, deactivation, and toxicity. Here, we demonstrate the design and application of a biodegradable nanoemulsion-based scaffold stabilized by a cationic polymer that encapsulates a palladium-based TMC, generating bioorthogonal nanocatalyst "polyzymes". These nanocatalysts enhance the stability and catalytic activity of the TMCs while maintaining excellent mammalian cell biocompatibility. The therapeutic potential of these nanocatalysts was demonstrated through efficient activation of a non-toxic prodrug into an active chemotherapeutic drug, leading to efficient killing of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Nabawy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - Aarohi Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - Mingdi Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - Cristina-Maria Hirschbiegel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - Stefano Fedeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - Aritra Nath Chattopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - Jungmi Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
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7
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Zhang X, Liu Y, Doungchawee J, Castellanos-García LJ, Sikora KN, Jeon T, Goswami R, Fedeli S, Gupta A, Huang R, Hirschbiegel CM, Cao-Milán R, Majhi PKD, Cicek YA, Liu L, Jerry DJ, Vachet RW, Rotello VM. Bioorthogonal nanozymes for breast cancer imaging and therapy. J Control Release 2023; 357:31-39. [PMID: 36948419 PMCID: PMC10164715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal catalysis via transition metal catalysts (TMCs) enables the generation of therapeutics locally through chemical reactions not accessible by biological systems. This localization can enhance the efficacy of anticancer treatment while minimizing off-target effects. The encapsulation of TMCs into nanomaterials generates "nanozymes" to activate imaging and therapeutic agents. Here, we report the use of cationic bioorthogonal nanozymes to create localized "drug factories" for cancer therapy in vivo. These nanozymes remained present at the tumor site at least seven days after a single injection due to the interactions between cationic surface ligands and negatively charged cell membranes and tissue components. The prodrug was then administered systemically, and the nanozymes continuously converted the non-toxic molecules into active drugs locally. This strategy substantially reduced the tumor growth in an aggressive breast cancer model, with significantly reduced liver damage compared to traditional chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yuanchang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Jeerapat Doungchawee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | | | - Kristen N Sikora
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Taewon Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 230 Stockbridge Road, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Ritabrita Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Stefano Fedeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Aarohi Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | | | - Roberto Cao-Milán
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Prabin K D Majhi
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 661 N Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yagiz Anil Cicek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - D Joseph Jerry
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 661 N Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Richard W Vachet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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8
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Hirschbiegel CM, Zhang X, Huang R, Cicek YA, Fedeli S, Rotello VM. Inorganic nanoparticles as scaffolds for bioorthogonal catalysts. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 195:114730. [PMID: 36791809 PMCID: PMC10170407 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal transition metal catalysts (TMCs) transform therapeutically inactive molecules (pro-drugs) into active drug compounds. Inorganic nanoscaffolds protect and solubilize catalysts while offering a flexible design space for decoration with targeting elements and stimuli-responsive activity. These "drug factories" can activate pro-drugs in situ, localizing treatment to the disease site and minimizing off-target effects. Inorganic nanoscaffolds provide structurally diverse scaffolds for encapsulating TMCs. This ability to define the catalyst environment can be employed to enhance the stability and selectivity of the TMC, providing access to enzyme-like bioorthogonal processes. The use of inorganic nanomaterials as scaffolds TMCs and the use of these bioorthogonal nanozymes in vitro and in vivo applications will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yagiz Anil Cicek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Stefano Fedeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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9
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Fedeli S, Huang R, Oz Y, Zhang X, Gupta A, Gopalakrishnan S, Makabenta JMV, Lamkin S, Sanyal A, Xu Y, Rotello VM. Biodegradable Antibacterial Bioorthogonal Polymeric Nanocatalysts Prepared by Flash Nanoprecipitation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:15260-15268. [PMID: 36920076 PMCID: PMC10699753 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal activation of pro-dyes and prodrugs using transition-metal catalysts (TMCs) provides a promising strategy for imaging and therapeutic applications. TMCs can be loaded into polymeric nanoparticles through hydrophobic encapsulation to generate polymeric nanocatalysts with enhanced solubility and stability. However, biomedical use of these nanostructures faces challenges due to unwanted tissue accumulation of nonbiodegradable nanomaterials and cytotoxicity of heavy-metal catalysts. We report here the creation of fully biodegradable nanocatalysts based on an engineered FDA-approved polymer and the naturally existing catalyst hemin. Stable nanocatalysts were generated through kinetic stabilization using flash nanoprecipitation. The therapeutic potential of these nanocatalysts was demonstrated through effective treatment of bacterial biofilms through the bioorthogonal activation of a pro-antibiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Fedeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Yavuz Oz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Aarohi Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Sanjana Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Jessa Marie V. Makabenta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Stephanie Lamkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Amitav Sanyal
- Department of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Yisheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237 P. R. China
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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10
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Hirschbiegel CM, Fedeli S, Zhang X, Huang R, Park J, Xu Y, Rotello VM. Enhanced Design of Gold Catalysts for Bioorthogonal Polyzymes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6487. [PMID: 36143797 PMCID: PMC9506342 DOI: 10.3390/ma15186487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal chemistry introduces nonbiogenic reactions that can be performed in biological systems, allowing for the localized release of therapeutic agents. Bioorthogonal catalysts can amplify uncaging reactions for the in situ generation of therapeutics. Embedding these catalysts into a polymeric nanoscaffold can protect and modulate the catalytic activity, improving the performance of the resulting bioorthogonal "polyzymes". Catalysts based on nontoxic metals such as gold(I) are particularly attractive for therapeutic applications. Herein, we optimized the structural components of a metal catalyst to develop an efficient gold(I)-based polyzyme. Tailoring the ligand structure of gold phosphine-based complexes, we improved the affinity between the metal complex and polymer scaffold, resulting in enhanced encapsulation efficiency and catalytic rate of the polyzyme. Our findings show the dependence of the overall polyzyme properties on the structural properties of the encapsulated metal complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina-Maria Hirschbiegel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Stefano Fedeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Jungmi Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yisheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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11
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Das R, Hardie J, Joshi BP, Zhang X, Gupta A, Luther DC, Fedeli S, Farkas ME, Rotello VM. Macrophage-Encapsulated Bioorthogonal Nanozymes for Targeting Cancer Cells. JACS AU 2022; 2:1679-1685. [PMID: 35911454 PMCID: PMC9327086 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages migrate to tumor sites by following chemoattractant gradients secreted by tumor cells, providing a truly active targeting strategy for cancer therapy. However, macrophage-based delivery faces challenges of cargo loading, control of release, and effects of the payload on the macrophage vehicle. We present a strategy that employs bioorthogonal "nanozymes" featuring transition metal catalysts (TMCs) to provide intracellular "factories" for the conversion of prodyes and prodrugs into imaging agents and chemotherapeutics. These nanozymes solubilize and stabilize the TMCs by embedding them into self-assembled monolayer coating gold nanoparticles. Nanozymes delivered into macrophages were intracellularly localized and retained activity even after prolonged (72 h) incubation. Significantly, nanozyme-loaded macrophages maintained their inherent migratory ability toward tumor cell chemoattractants, efficiently killing cancer cells in cocultures. This work establishes the potential of nanozyme-loaded macrophages for tumor site activation of prodrugs, providing readily tunable dosages and delivery rates while minimizing off-target toxicity of chemotherapeutics.
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12
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Huang R, Hirschbiegel CM, Zhang X, Gupta A, Fedeli S, Xu Y, Rotello VM. Engineered Polymer-Supported Biorthogonal Nanocatalysts Using Flash Nanoprecipitation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:31594-31600. [PMID: 35802797 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal catalysts (TMCs) effect bioorthogonal transformations that enable the generation of therapeutic agents in situ, minimizing off-target effects. The encapsulation of insoluble TMCs into polymeric nanoparticles to generate "polyzymes" has vastly expanded their applicability in biological environments by enhancing catalyst solubility and stability. However, commonly used precipitation approaches provide limited encapsulation efficiency in polyzyme fabrication and result in a low catalytic activity. Herein, we report the creation of polyzymes with increased catalyst loading and optimized turnover efficiency using flash nanoprecipitation (FNP). Polyzymes with controlled size and catalyst loading were fabricated by tuning the process conditions of FNP. The biological applicability of polyzymes was demonstrated by efficiently transforming a non-toxic prodrug into the active drug within cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Cristina-Maria Hirschbiegel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Aarohi Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Stefano Fedeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Yisheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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13
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Zhang X, Lin S, Huang R, Gupta A, Fedeli S, Cao-Milán R, Luther DC, Liu Y, Jiang M, Li G, Rondon B, Wei H, Rotello VM. Degradable ZnS-Supported Bioorthogonal Nanozymes with Enhanced Catalytic Activity for Intracellular Activation of Therapeutics. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:12893-12900. [PMID: 35786910 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal catalysis using transition-metal catalysts (TMCs) provides a toolkit for the in situ generation of imaging and therapeutic agents in biological environments. Integrating TMCs with nanomaterials mimics key properties of natural enzymes, providing bioorthogonal "nanozymes". ZnS nanoparticles provide a platform for bioorthogonal nanozymes using ruthenium catalysts embedded in self-assembled monolayers on the particle surface. These nanozymes uncage allylated profluorophores and prodrugs. The ZnS core combines the non-toxicity and degradability with the enhancement of Ru catalysis through the release of thiolate surface ligands that accelerate the rate-determining step in the Ru-mediated deallylation catalytic cycle. The maximum rate of reaction (Vmax) increases ∼2.5-fold as compared to the non-degradable gold nanoparticle analogue. The therapeutic potential of these bioorthogonal nanozymes is demonstrated by activating a chemotherapy drug from an inactive prodrug with efficient killing of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Shichao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Aarohi Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Stefano Fedeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Roberto Cao-Milán
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - David C Luther
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Yuanchang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Mingdi Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Gengtan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Brayan Rondon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Hui Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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14
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Liu Y, Lai KL, Vong K. Transition Metal Scaffolds Used To Bring New‐to‐Nature Reactions into Biological Systems. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Liu
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Ka Lun Lai
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Kenward Vong
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon Hong Kong China
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15
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Gutiérrez S, Tomás-Gamasa M, Mascareñas JL. Organometallic catalysis in aqueous and biological environments: harnessing the power of metal carbenes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6478-6495. [PMID: 35756533 PMCID: PMC9172117 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00721e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Translating the power of transition metal catalysis to the native habitats of enzymes can significantly expand the possibilities of interrogating or manipulating natural biological systems, including living cells and organisms. This is especially relevant for organometallic reactions that have shown great potential in the field of organic synthesis, like the metal-catalyzed transfer of carbenes. While, at first sight, performing metal carbene chemistry in aqueous solvents, and especially in biologically relevant mixtures, does not seem obvious, in recent years there has been a growing number of reports demonstrating the feasibility of the task. Either using small molecule metal catalysts or artificial metalloenzymes, a number of carbene transfer reactions that tolerate aqueous and biorelevant media are being developed. This review intends to summarize the most relevant contributions, and establish the state of the art in this emerging research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gutiérrez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15705 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - María Tomás-Gamasa
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15705 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - José Luis Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15705 Santiago de Compostela Spain
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16
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Fedeli S, Im J, Gopalakrishnan S, Elia JL, Gupta A, Kim D, Rotello VM. Nanomaterial-based bioorthogonal nanozymes for biological applications. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:13467-13480. [PMID: 34787131 PMCID: PMC8862209 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00659a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal transformations are chemical reactions that use pathways which biological processes do not access. Bioorthogonal chemistry provides new approaches for imaging and therapeutic strategies, as well as tools for fundamental biology. Bioorthogonal catalysis enables the development of bioorthogonal "factories" for on-demand and in situ generation of drugs and imaging tools. Transition metal catalysts (TMCs) are widely employed as bioorthogonal catalysts due to their high efficiency and versatility. The direct application of TMCs in living systems is challenging, however, due to their limited solubility, instability in biological media and toxicity. Incorporation of TMCs into nanomaterial scaffolds can be used to enhance aqueous solubility, improve long-term stability in biological environment and minimize cytotoxicity. These nanomaterial platforms can be engineered for biomedical applications, increasing cellular uptake, directing biodistribution, and enabling active targeting. This review summarizes strategies for incorporating TMCs into nanomaterial scaffolds, demonstrating the potential and challenges of moving bioorthogonal nanocatalysts and nanozymes toward the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Fedeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Jungkyun Im
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States,Department of Chemical Engineering, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea,Department of Electronic Materials and Devices Engineering, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanjana Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - James L. Elia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Aarohi Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Dongkap Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States,Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea,Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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17
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Wang W, Zhang X, Huang R, Hirschbiegel CM, Wang H, Ding Y, Rotello VM. In situ activation of therapeutics through bioorthogonal catalysis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113893. [PMID: 34333074 PMCID: PMC8440397 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal chemistry refers to any chemical reactions that can occur inside of living systems without interfering with native biochemical processes, which has become a promising strategy for modulating biological processes. The development of synthetic metal-based catalysts to perform bioorthogonal reactions has significantly expanded the toolkit of bioorthogonal chemistry for medicinal chemistry and synthetic biology. A wide range of homogeneous and heterogeneous transition metal catalysts (TMCs) have been reported, mediating different transformations such as cycloaddition reactions, as well as bond forming and cleaving reactions. However, the direct application of 'naked' TMCs in complex biological media poses numerous challenges, including poor water solubility, toxicity and catalyst deactivation. Incorporating TMCs into nanomaterials to create bioorthogonal nanocatalysts can solubilize and stabilize catalyst molecules, with the decoration of the nanocatalysts used to provide spatiotemporal control of catalysis. This review presents an overview of the advances in the creation of bioorthogonal nanocatalysts, highlighting different choice of nano-scaffolds, and the therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | | | - Huaisong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ya Ding
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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18
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Huang R, Luther DC, Zhang X, Gupta A, Tufts SA, Rotello VM. Engineering the Interface between Inorganic Nanoparticles and Biological Systems through Ligand Design. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1001. [PMID: 33924735 PMCID: PMC8069843 DOI: 10.3390/nano11041001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) provide multipurpose platforms for a wide range of biological applications. These applications are enabled through molecular design of surface coverages, modulating NP interactions with biosystems. In this review, we highlight approaches to functionalize nanoparticles with "small" organic ligands (Mw < 1000), providing insight into how organic synthesis can be used to engineer NPs for nanobiology and nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst, MA 01003, USA; (R.H.); (D.C.L.); (X.Z.); (A.G.); (S.A.T.)
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19
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A Review on Recent Developments and Applications of Nanozymes in Food Safety and Quality Analysis. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-01983-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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20
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Zhang X, Landis RF, Keshri P, Cao-Milán R, Luther DC, Gopalakrishnan S, Liu Y, Huang R, Li G, Malassiné M, Uddin I, Rondon B, Rotello VM. Intracellular Activation of Anticancer Therapeutics Using Polymeric Bioorthogonal Nanocatalysts. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001627. [PMID: 33314745 PMCID: PMC7933084 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal catalysis provides a promising strategy for imaging and therapeutic applications, providing controlled in situ activation of pro-dyes and prodrugs. In this work, the use of a polymeric scaffold to encapsulate transition metal catalysts (TMCs), generating bioorthogonal "polyzymes," is presented. These polyzymes enhance the stability of TMCs, protecting the catalytic centers from deactivation in biological media. The therapeutic potential of these polyzymes is demonstrated by the transformation of a nontoxic prodrug to an anticancer drug (mitoxantrone), leading to the cancer cell death in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Ryan F Landis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Puspam Keshri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Roberto Cao-Milán
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - David C Luther
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Sanjana Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Yuanchang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Gengtan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Morgane Malassiné
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, Université de Haute-Alsace, Mulhouse, 68200, France
| | - Imad Uddin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21300, Pakistan
| | - Brayan Rondon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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21
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Destito P, Vidal C, López F, Mascareñas JL. Transition Metal‐Promoted Reactions in Aqueous Media and Biological Settings. Chemistry 2021; 27:4789-4816. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Destito
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais, Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Cristian Vidal
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais, Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Fernando López
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais, Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC) Juan de la Cierva 3 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - José L. Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais, Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
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22
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Dongying Q, Lan L, Qian D. Targeting of ovarian cancer cell through functionalized gold nanoparticles by novel glypican-3- binding peptide as a ultrasound contrast agents. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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