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Zang Y, Yang C, Dai MS, Zhang W, Zou L, Hu J, Hu Y, Xu C, Liu R, Wang H, Xiong Z. Protective Autophagy Attenuates the Cytotoxicity of MTI-31 in Renal Cancer Cells by Activating the ERK Pathway. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:2233-2245. [PMID: 37493819 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04569-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key regulatory molecular target to treat cancer, and MTI-31 is a potent mTOR inhibitory agent for the therapeutically target of the renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the therapeutic efficacy of MTI-31 is limited by multiple factors, including autophagy. MTI-31 can activate cells to generate autophagy, which may in turn indirectly affect cell proliferation and apoptosis. We aimed to observe changes in cell protective autophagy via the ERK pathway and explore the potential mechanism underlying drug resistance of RCC cells to MTI-31. Different concentrations of 786-O and RCC4 cells were co-cultured with MTI-31 for distinct durations. The result of autophagy marker detection by Western blot showed that MTI-31 could induce RCC cells to produce autophagy in a dose and time-dependent manner. After treating the RCC cells with the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ), CCK8 and Western blot assays demonstrated that CQ could effectively enhance cell apoptosis induced by MTI-31 and that the autophagy induced by MTI-31 was cytoprotective. In addition, CCK8 and Western blot demonstrated that MTI-31 exerted its effect by activating the ERK pathway rather than the JNK or p38 pathway. The use of the ERK inhibitor AZD6244 to block the ERK pathway could effectively promote cell apoptosis induced by MTI-31. AZD6244 attenuated the autophagy induced by MTI-31 and increased the cytotoxicity of MTI-31. Western blot also demonstrated that MTI-31-induced autophagy was mediated by the downstream regulators of ERK pathways, including Beclin-1 and Bcl-2. It demonstrated that the MTI-31 mediated activation ERK pathway is associated with the induction of autophagy, and autophagy can attenuate the cytotoxicity of MTI-31 on RCC cells. In summary, inhibition of ERK pathway-mediated autophagy can rectify drug resistance to MTI-31 effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zang
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Institute of Urology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Meng-Shi Dai
- Department of Geriatrics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Wenye Zhang
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Institute of Urology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Lujia Zou
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Institute of Urology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jimeng Hu
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Institute of Urology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Institute of Urology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Chenyang Xu
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Institute of Urology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Rongzong Liu
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Institute of Urology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Teaching Center of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zuquan Xiong
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
- Institute of Urology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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2
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Jiang M, Wu W, Xiong Z, Yu X, Ye Z, Wu Z. Targeting autophagy drug discovery: Targets, indications and development trends. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 267:116117. [PMID: 38295689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy plays a vital role in sustaining cellular homeostasis and its alterations have been implicated in the etiology of many diseases. Drugs development targeting autophagy began decades ago and hundreds of agents were developed, some of which are licensed for the clinical usage. However, no existing intervention specifically aimed at modulating autophagy is available. The obstacles that prevent drug developments come from the complexity of the actual impact of autophagy regulators in disease scenarios. With the development and application of new technologies, several promising categories of compounds for autophagy-based therapy have emerged in recent years. In this paper, the autophagy-targeted drugs based on their targets at various hierarchical sites of the autophagic signaling network, e.g., the upstream and downstream of the autophagosome and the autophagic components with enzyme activities are reviewed and analyzed respectively, with special attention paid to those at preclinical or clinical trials. The drugs tailored to specific autophagy alone and combination with drugs/adjuvant therapies widely used in clinical for various diseases treatments are also emphasized. The emerging drug design and development targeting selective autophagy receptors (SARs) and their related proteins, which would be expected to arrest or reverse the progression of disease in various cancers, inflammation, neurodegeneration, and metabolic disorders, are critically reviewed. And the challenges and perspective in clinically developing autophagy-targeted drugs and possible combinations with other medicine are considered in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Wayne Wu
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Zijie Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- Department of Biology, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Zihong Ye
- Department of Biology, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Zhiping Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, China Jiliang University, China.
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3
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Liao Y, Gui Y, Li Q, An J, Wang D. The signaling pathways and targets of natural products from traditional Chinese medicine treating gastric cancer provide new candidate therapeutic strategies. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188998. [PMID: 37858623 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the severe malignancies with high incidence and mortality, especially in Eastern Asian countries. Significant advancements have been made in diagnosing and treating GC over the past few decades, resulting in tremendous improvements in patient survival. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has garnered considerable attention as an alternative therapeutic approach for GC due to its multicomponent and multitarget characteristics. Consequently, natural products found in TCM have attracted researchers' attention, as growing evidence suggests that these natural products can impede GC progression by regulating various biological processes. Nevertheless, their molecular mechanisms are not systematically uncovered. Here, we review the major signaling pathways involved in GC development. Additionally, clinical GC samples were analyzed. Moreover, the anti-GC effects of natural products, their underlying mechanisms and potential targets were summarized. These summaries are intended to facilitate further relevant research, and accelerate the clinical applications of natural products in GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yile Liao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yu Gui
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Qingzhou Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jun An
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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4
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Ye Q, Zhou X, Ren H, Han F, Lin R, Li J. An overview of the past decade of bufalin in the treatment of refractory and drug-resistant cancers: current status, challenges, and future perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1274336. [PMID: 37860119 PMCID: PMC10582727 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1274336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Profound progress has been made in cancer treatment in the past three decades. However, drug resistance remains prevalent and a critical challenge. Drug resistance can be attributed to oncogenes mutations, activated defensive mechanisms, ATP-bind cassette transporters overexpression, cancer stem cells, etc. Chinese traditional medicine toad venom has been used for centuries for different diseases, including resistant cancers. Bufalin is one of the bufadienolides in toad venom that has been extensively studied for its potential in refractory and drug-resistant cancer treatments in vitro and in vivo. In this work, we would like to critically review the progress made in the past decade (2013-2022) of bufalin in overcoming drug resistance in cancers. Generally, bufalin shows high potential in killing certain refractory and resistant cancer cells via multiple mechanisms. More importantly, bufalin can work as a chemo-sensitizer that enhances the sensitivity of certain conventional and targeted therapies at low concentrations. In addition, the development of bufalin derivatives was also briefly summarized and discussed. We also analyzed the obstacles and challenges and provided possible solutions for future perspectives. We hope that the collective information may help evoke more effort for more in-depth studies and evaluation of bufalin in both lab and possible clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmei Ye
- Hainan General Hospital & Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- The Fifth People’s Hospital of Hainan Province & Affiliated Dermatology Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Han Ren
- Hainan General Hospital & Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Fangxuan Han
- Hainan General Hospital & Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Rong Lin
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Juan Li
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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5
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Lin JJ, Luo BH, Su T, Yang Q, Zhang QF, Dai WY, Liu Y, Xiang L. Antitumor activity of miR-188-3p in gastric cancer is achieved by targeting CBL expression and inactivating the AKT/mTOR signaling. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:1384-1399. [PMID: 37663941 PMCID: PMC10473938 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i8.1384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered miR-188-3p expression has been observed in various human cancers. AIM To investigate the miR-188-3p expression, its roles, and underlying molecular events in gastric cancer. METHODS Fifty gastric cancer and paired normal tissues were collected to analyze miR-188-3p and CBL expression. Normal and gastric cancer cells were used to manipulate miR-188-3p and CBL expression through different assays. The relationship between miR-188-3p and CBL was predicted bioinformatically and confirmed using a luciferase gene reporter assay. A Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to associate miR-188-3p or CBL expression with patient survival. A nude mouse tumor cell xenograft assay was used to confirm the in vitro data. RESULTS MiR-188-3p was found to be lower in the plasma of gastric cancer patients, tissues, and cell lines compared to their healthy counterparts. It was associated with overall survival of gastric cancer patients (P < 0.001), tumor differentiation (P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.033), tumor node metastasis stage (I/II vs III/IV, P = 0.024), and American Joint Committee on Cancer stage (I/II vs III/IV, P = 0.03). Transfection with miR-188-3p mimics reduced tumor cell growth and invasion while inducing apoptosis and autophagy. CBL was identified as a direct target of miR-188-3p, with its expression antagonizing the effects of miR-188-3p on gastric cancer (GC) cell proliferation by inducing tumor cell apoptosis and autophagy through the inactivation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. The in vivo data confirmed antitumor activity via CBL downregulation in gastric cancer. CONCLUSION The current data provides ex vivo, in vitro, and in vivo evidence that miR-188-3p acts as a tumor suppressor gene or possesses antitumor activity in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jiao Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen Longgang District People's Hospital), Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bao-Hua Luo
- Department of Urology, Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen Longgang District People's Hospital), Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qin-Fei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen Longgang District People's Hospital), Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei-Yu Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen Longgang District People's Hospital), Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen Longgang District People's Hospital), Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong Province, China
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6
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Chen M, Menon MC, Wang W, Fu J, Yi Z, Sun Z, Liu J, Li Z, Mou L, Banu K, Lee SW, Dai Y, Anandakrishnan N, Azeloglu EU, Lee K, Zhang W, Das B, He JC, Wei C. HCK induces macrophage activation to promote renal inflammation and fibrosis via suppression of autophagy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4297. [PMID: 37463911 PMCID: PMC10354075 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal inflammation and fibrosis are the common pathways leading to progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD). We previously identified hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK) as upregulated in human chronic allograft injury promoting kidney fibrosis; however, the cellular source and molecular mechanisms are unclear. Here, using immunostaining and single cell sequencing data, we show that HCK expression is highly enriched in pro-inflammatory macrophages in diseased kidneys. HCK-knockout (KO) or HCK-inhibitor decreases macrophage M1-like pro-inflammatory polarization, proliferation, and migration in RAW264.7 cells and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). We identify an interaction between HCK and ATG2A and CBL, two autophagy-related proteins, inhibiting autophagy flux in macrophages. In vivo, both global or myeloid cell specific HCK-KO attenuates renal inflammation and fibrosis with reduces macrophage numbers, pro-inflammatory polarization and migration into unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) kidneys and unilateral ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) models. Finally, we developed a selective boron containing HCK inhibitor which can reduce macrophage pro-inflammatory activity, proliferation, and migration in vitro, and attenuate kidney fibrosis in the UUO mice. The current study elucidates mechanisms downstream of HCK regulating macrophage activation and polarization via autophagy in CKD and identifies that selective HCK inhibitors could be potentially developed as a new therapy for renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Madhav C Menon
- Division of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wenlin Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jia Fu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhengzi Yi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zeguo Sun
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jessica Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhengzhe Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lingyun Mou
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Khadija Banu
- Division of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sui-Wan Lee
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ying Dai
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nanditha Anandakrishnan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evren U Azeloglu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kyung Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bhaskar Das
- Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
| | - John Cijiang He
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Renal Section, James J. Peters VAMC, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Chengguo Wei
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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7
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Qian Z, Tian X, Miao Y, Xu X, Cheng X, Wu M, Yu Y. Bufalin inhibits the proliferation of lung cancer cells by suppressing Hippo-YAP pathway. Cell Signal 2023:110746. [PMID: 37286119 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer has high morbidity and mortality. This study demonstrated that Bufalin inhibits the proliferation of lung cancer cells in vivo / in vitro by suppressing Hippo-YAP pathway. Here, we found that Bufalin promoted the binding of LATS and YAP to elevate the level of YAP phosphorylation. Phosphorylated YAP could not successfully enter the nucleus to activate the expression of downstream proliferation-related target genes Cyr61 and CTGF, whereas the YAP retained in the cytoplasm further bound to β-TrCP and underwent ubiquitination and degradation. This study verified the key role of YAP in stimulating the proliferation of lung cancer and revealed the anticancer target of Bufalin. Therefore, this study provides a theoretical basis for the anticancer effect of Bufalin, and suggests that Bufalin can be a potential anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Qian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Xiaoting Tian
- Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yayou Miao
- Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xuehua Cheng
- Department of TCM Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Mengyi Wu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203, China
| | - Yongchun Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
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8
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Hu Q, Li Z, Li Y, Deng X, Chen Y, Ma X, Zeng J, Zhao Y. Natural products targeting signaling pathways associated with regulated cell death in gastric cancer: Recent advances and perspectives. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 37157181 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most serious gastrointestinal malignancies with high morbidity and mortality. The complexity of GC process lies in the multi-phenotypic linkage regulation, in which regulatory cell death (RCD) is the core link, which largely dominates the fate of GC cells and becomes a key determinant of GC development and prognosis. In recent years, increasing evidence has been reported that natural products can prevent and inhibit the development of GC by regulating RCDs, showing great therapeutic potential. In order to further clarify its key regulatory characteristics, this review focused on specific expressions of RCDs, combined with a variety of signaling pathways and their crosstalk characteristics, sorted out the key targets and action rules of natural products targeting RCD. It is highlighted that a variety of core biological pathways and core targets are involved in the decision of GC cell fate, including the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, MAPK-related signaling pathways, p53 signaling pathway, ER stress, Caspase-8, gasdermin D (GSDMD), and so on. Moreover, natural products target the crosstalk of different RCDs by modulating above signaling pathways. Taken together, these findings suggest that targeting various RCDs in GC with natural products is a promising strategy, providing a reference for further clarifying the molecular mechanism of natural products treating GC, which warrants further investigations in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yubing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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9
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Du YX, Mamun AA, Lyu AP, Zhang HJ. Natural Compounds Targeting the Autophagy Pathway in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087310. [PMID: 37108476 PMCID: PMC10138367 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved intracellular degradation pathway by which misfolded proteins or damaged organelles are delivered in a double-membrane vacuolar vesicle and finally degraded by lysosomes. The risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) is high, and there is growing evidence that autophagy plays a critical role in regulating the initiation and metastasis of CRC; however, whether autophagy promotes or suppresses tumor progression is still controversial. Many natural compounds have been reported to exert anticancer effects or enhance current clinical therapies by modulating autophagy. Here, we discuss recent advancements in the molecular mechanisms of autophagy in regulating CRC. We also highlight the research on natural compounds that are particularly promising autophagy modulators for CRC treatment with clinical evidence. Overall, this review illustrates the importance of autophagy in CRC and provides perspectives for these natural autophagy regulators as new therapeutic candidates for CRC drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Xiao Du
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ai-Ping Lyu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hong-Jie Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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10
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Bufalin-Mediated Regulation of Cell Signaling Pathways in Different Cancers: Spotlight on JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-Catenin, mTOR, TRAIL/TRAIL-R, and Non-Coding RNAs. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052231. [PMID: 36903477 PMCID: PMC10004807 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The renaissance of research into natural products has unequivocally and paradigmatically shifted our knowledge about the significant role of natural products in cancer chemoprevention. Bufalin is a pharmacologically active molecule isolated from the skin of the toad Bufo gargarizans or Bufo melanostictus. Bufalin has characteristically unique properties to regulate multiple molecular targets and can be used to harness multi-targeted therapeutic regimes against different cancers. There is burgeoning evidence related to functional roles of signaling cascades in carcinogenesis and metastasis. Bufalin has been reported to regulate pleiotropically a myriad of signal transduction cascades in various cancers. Importantly, bufalin mechanistically regulated JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-Catenin, mTOR, TRAIL/TRAIL-R, EGFR, and c-MET pathways. Furthermore, bufalin-mediated modulation of non-coding RNAs in different cancers has also started to gain tremendous momentum. Similarly, bufalin-mediated targeting of tumor microenvironments and tumor macrophages is an area of exciting research and we have only started to scratch the surface of the complicated nature of molecular oncology. Cell culture studies and animal models provide proof-of-concept for the impetus role of bufalin in the inhibition of carcinogenesis and metastasis. Bufalin-related clinical studies are insufficient and interdisciplinary researchers require detailed analysis of the existing knowledge gaps.
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11
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Chemistry and the Potential Antiviral, Anticancer, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Cardiotonic Steroids Derived from Toads. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196586. [PMID: 36235123 PMCID: PMC9571018 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cardiotonic steroids (CTS) were first documented by ancient Egyptians more than 3000 years ago. Cardiotonic steroids are a group of steroid hormones that circulate in the blood of amphibians and toads and can also be extracted from natural products such as plants, herbs, and marines. It is well known that cardiotonic steroids reveal effects against congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation; therefore, the term "cardiotonic" has been coined. Cardiotonic steroids are divided into two distinct groups: cardenolides (plant-derived) and bufadienolides (mainly of animal origin). Cardenolides have an unsaturated five-membered lactone ring attached to the steroid nucleus at position 17; bufadienolides have a doubly unsaturated six-membered lactone ring. Cancer is a leading cause of mortality in humans all over the world. In 2040, the global cancer load is expected to be 28.4 million cases, which would be a 47% increase from 2020. Moreover, viruses and inflammations also have a very nebative impact on human health and lead to mortality. In the current review, we focus on the chemistry, antiviral and anti-cancer activities of cardiotonic steroids from the naturally derived (toads) venom to combat these chronic devastating health problems. The databases of different research engines (Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Sci-Finder) were screened using different combinations of the following terms: “cardiotonic steroids”, “anti-inflammatory”, “antiviral”, “anticancer”, “toad venom”, “bufadienolides”, and “poison chemical composition”. Various cardiotonic steroids were isolated from diverse toad species and exhibited superior anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiviral activities in in vivo and in vitro models such as marinobufagenin, gammabufotalin, resibufogenin, and bufalin. These steroids are especially difficult to identify. However, several compounds and their bioactivities were identified by using different molecular and biotechnological techniques. Biotechnology is a new tool to fully or partially generate upscaled quantities of natural products, which are otherwise only available at trace amounts in organisms.
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12
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Soumoy L, Ghanem GE, Saussez S, Journe F. Bufalin for an innovative therapeutic approach against cancer. Pharmacol Res 2022; 184:106442. [PMID: 36096424 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bufalin is an endogenous cardiotonic steroid, first discovered in toad venom but also found in the plasma of healthy humans, with anti-tumour activities in different cancer types. The current review is focused on its mechanisms of action and highlights its very large spectrum of effects both in vitro and in vivo. All leads to the conclusion that bufalin mediates its effects by affecting all the hallmarks of cancer and seems restricted to cancer cells avoiding side effects. Bufalin decreases cancer cell proliferation by acting on the cell cycle and inducing different mechanisms of cell death including apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy and senescence. Bufalin also moderates metastasis formation by blocking migration and invasion as well as angiogenesis and by inducing a phenotype switch towards differentiation and decreasing cancer cell stemness. Regarding its various mechanisms of action in cancer cells, bufalin blocks overactivated signalling pathways and modifies cell metabolism. Moreover, bufalin gained lately a huge interest in the field of drug resistance by both reversing various drug resistance mechanisms and affecting the immune microenvironment. Together, these data support bufalin as a quite promising new anti-cancer drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Soumoy
- Laboratory of Human Anatomy & Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons (UMONS), 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Ghanem E Ghanem
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sven Saussez
- Laboratory of Human Anatomy & Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons (UMONS), 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Fabrice Journe
- Laboratory of Human Anatomy & Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons (UMONS), 7000 Mons, Belgium; Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
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13
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Therapeutic Targets of Bufalin on Renal Carcinoma and Mechanisms: Experimental Validation of Network Pharmacology Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5469795. [PMID: 35126601 PMCID: PMC8816594 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5469795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The possible targets underlying the activity of bufalin on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were investigated using network pharmacology and experimental approaches. PharmMapper and other databases were explored for predicting the bufalin targets and RCC-related targets. Finally, the enriched pathways and the targets were analyzed by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) pathway enrichment analyses. Furthermore, in vitro cell experiments were used to verify bufalin activation of AKT and MAPK signaling pathways in human mesangial cells. The therapeutic targets related to bufalin were identified via 35 intersecting targets. GO analysis identified 29 molecular functions, 16 cellular components, and 91 biological processes. KEGG pathway annotation identified 15 signal transduction pathways and 4 tumor-related pathways.
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14
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Bufalin suppresses ovarian cancer cell proliferation via EGFR pathway. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 135:456-461. [PMID: 34935692 PMCID: PMC8869555 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown that bufalin exerts antitumor effects through various mechanisms. This study aimed to determine the antineoplastic mechanism of bufalin, an extract of traditional Chinese medicine toad venom, in ovarian cancer. Methods: The 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU), and colony formation assays were used to investigate the antiproliferative effect of bufalin on the ovarian cancer cell line SK-OV-3. Molecular docking was used to investigate the combination of bufalin and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein. Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of EGFR protein and its downstream targets. Results: Bufalin inhibited the proliferation of SK-OV-3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Bufalin was confirmed to combine with EGFR protein using molecular docking and downregulate expression of EGFR. Bufalin inhibited phosphorylation of EGFR, protein kinase B (AKT), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Conclusion: Bufalin suppresses the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells through the EGFR/AKT/ERK signaling pathway.
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15
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Bufalin enhances the killing efficacy of NK cells against hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting MICA shedding. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108195. [PMID: 34678691 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bufalin, as a Chinese traditional anti-tumor agent, has been studied about inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis of liver cancer, however, there are few reports on immune modulating function. We used the human liver cancer cell lines along with 91 pathologically-verified postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) specimens to assess immune modulating function of bufalin. We found that bufalin directly balances stimulatory and inhibitory receptors on the surface of NK cells and indirectly activates natural killer (NK) cells by inhibiting MICA shedding, which prevented immune escape and indirectly enhanced NKG2D-dependent immune surveillance. This study showed that bufalin can directly or indirectly regulate the immune response, which provides a new theoretical basis for the clinical application of "Huachansu injection".
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16
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Xie Q, Chen Y, Tan H, Liu B, Zheng LL, Mu Y. Targeting Autophagy with Natural Compounds in Cancer: A Renewed Perspective from Molecular Mechanisms to Targeted Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:748149. [PMID: 34512368 PMCID: PMC8427500 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.748149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products are well-characterized to have pharmacological or biological activities that can be of therapeutic benefits for cancer therapy, which also provide an important source of inspiration for discovery of potential novel small-molecule drugs. In the past three decades, accumulating evidence has revealed that natural products can modulate a series of key autophagic signaling pathways and display therapeutic effects in different types of human cancers. In this review, we focus on summarizing some representative natural active compounds, mainly including curcumin, resveratrol, paclitaxel, Bufalin, and Ursolic acid that may ultimately trigger cancer cell death through the regulation of some key autophagic signaling pathways, such as RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK, PI3K-AKT-mTOR, AMPK, ULK1, Beclin-1, Atg5 and p53. Taken together, these inspiring findings would shed light on exploiting more natural compounds as candidate small-molecule drugs, by targeting the crucial pathways of autophagy for the future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, China
| | - Huidan Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling-Li Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yandong Mu
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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17
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Zou D, Song J, Deng M, Ma Y, Yang C, Liu J, Wang S, Wen Z, Tang Y, Qu X, Zhang Y. Bufalin inhibits peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer through endothelial nitric oxide synthase-mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathway. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21601. [PMID: 33913201 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002780r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Peritoneal dissemination threatens the survival of patients with gastric cancer (GC). Bufalin is an extract of traditional Chinese medicine, which has been proved to have anticancer effect. The target of bufalin in suppressing gastric cancer peritoneal dissemination (GCPD) and the underlying mechanism are still unclear. In this research, GC cell line MGC-803 and high-potential peritoneal dissemination cell line MKN-45P were treated with bufalin or L-NAME. Malignant biological behavior and protein level of GC cell lines were detected with MTT, wound healing, transwell, adhesion, and western blotting. Bioinformatics analysis and patient tissues were used to verify the role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) in GC. Mice model was used to assess the effect of bufalin and role of NOS3 in vivo. We found that bufalin inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration in GC cell lines. NOS3, which was an independent prognostic factor of GC patients, was predicted to be a potential target of bufalin. Further experiments proved that bufalin reduced the phosphorylation of NOS3, thereby inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and ultimately suppressed GCPD by inhibiting EMT process. In conclusion, NOS3 was a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker of GC. Bufalin could suppress GCPD through NOS3-MAPK signaling pathway, which provided more evidence support for intraperitoneal perfusion of bufalin to treat GCPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zou
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jincheng Song
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mingming Deng
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanju Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Insititute, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunjiao Yang
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiaqing Liu
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Song Wang
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenpeng Wen
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Insititute, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiujuan Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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18
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Bishnu A, Phadte P, Dhadve A, Sakpal A, Rekhi B, Ray P. Molecular imaging of the kinetics of hyperactivated ERK1/2-mediated autophagy during acquirement of chemoresistance. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:161. [PMID: 33558461 PMCID: PMC7870816 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03451-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in key kinases and signaling pathways can fine-tune autophagic flux to promote the development of chemoresistance. Despite empirical evidences of strong association between enhanced autophagic flux with acquired chemoresistance, it is still not understood whether an ongoing autophagic flux is required for both initiation, as well as maintenance of chemoresistance, or is sufficient for one of the either steps. Utilizing indigenously developed cisplatin-paclitaxel-resistant models of ovarian cancer cells, we report an intriguing oscillation in chemotherapy-induced autophagic flux across stages of resistance, which was found to be specifically elevated at the early stages or onset of chemoresistance. Conversely, the sensitive cells and cells at late stages of resistance showed stalled and reduced autophagic flux. This increased flux at early stages of resistance was found to be dictated by a hyperactive ERK1/2 signaling, which when inhibited either pharmacologically (U0126/Trametinib) or genetically, reduced p62 degradation, number of LC3+veLAMP1+ve puncta, autophagolysosome formation, and led to chemo-sensitization and apoptosis. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation also altered the level of UVRAG and Rab7, the two key proteins involved in autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Noninvasive imaging of autophagic flux using a novel autophagy sensor (mtFL-p62 fusion reporter) showed that combinatorial treatment of platinum-taxol along with Trametinib/chloroquine blocked autophagic flux in live cells and tumor xenografts. Interestingly, Trametinib was found to be equally effective in blocking autophagic flux as chloroquine both in live cells and tumor xenografts. Combinatorial treatment of Trametinib and platinum-taxol significantly reduced tumor growth. This is probably the first report of real-time monitoring of chemotherapy-induced autophagy kinetics through noninvasive bioluminescence imaging in preclinical mouse model. Altogether our data suggest that an activated ERK1/2 supports proper completion of autophagic flux at the onset of chemoresistance to endure initial chemotherapeutic insult and foster the development of a highly chemoresistant phenotype, where autophagy becomes dispensable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniketh Bishnu
- Imaging Cell Signalling & Therapeutics Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, TMC, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Pratham Phadte
- Imaging Cell Signalling & Therapeutics Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, TMC, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Ajit Dhadve
- Imaging Cell Signalling & Therapeutics Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, TMC, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Asmita Sakpal
- Imaging Cell Signalling & Therapeutics Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, TMC, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - Bharat Rekhi
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Pritha Ray
- Imaging Cell Signalling & Therapeutics Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, TMC, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
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19
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Su S, Dou H, Wang Z, Zhang Q. Bufalin inhibits ovarian carcinoma via targeting mTOR/HIF-α pathway. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 128:224-233. [PMID: 32905663 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a severe health threat for women with increased incidence and stymied development in diagnosis and therapy. Drug resistance is still a big challenge. Bufalin is a multi-functional steroid-like compound extracted from natural product Chansu and has been tested as antitumour agent recently. The application and mechanism of bufalin in ovarian cancer remain unclear yet. Bufalin was first examined in ovarian epithelial cancer cell as well as primary ovarian tissue to evaluate its inhibitory activity in cell growth and migration, followed by the validation in xenograft tumour model and the patient samples. Bufalin is well tolerated by normal ovarian tissue at up to 40 μM and suppresses the cell growth and migration at 10 μM and xenograft tumour growth at 0.1mg/kg dosage. Bufalin inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation and subsequently decreases hypoxia-induced factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) level. Overexpression of HIF-1α could abolish the pro-apoptotic and antimigration activity of bufalin in cell culture. Strikingly, low HIF-1α level was correlated with improved responsiveness to cisplatin treatment in ovarian cancer patients. Bufalin was a potent inhibitor of cell growth and migration in ovarian cancer cells through suppression of mTOR activation and HIF-1α induction. Bufalin could be used to enhance the efficacy of cisplatin in ovarian cancer patients.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Bufanolides/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/enzymology
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cisplatin/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Ovarian Neoplasms/enzymology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Signal Transduction
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Su
- Department of Gynecology, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Hongtao Dou
- Department of Gynecology, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Obstetrical, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong, China
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20
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Qian Y, Yan Y, Lu H, Zhou T, Lv M, Fang C, Hou J, Li W, Chen X, Sun H, Li Y, Wang Z, Zhao N, Gu Y, Ding Y, Liu Y. Celastrus Orbiculatus Extracts Inhibit the Metastasis through Attenuating PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Human Gastric Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:1754-1761. [PMID: 31364518 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190731162722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapamycin receptor inhibitors have been applied in the clinic and achieved satisfactory therapeutic effect recently. The mechanisms did not clearly show how the Celastrus Orbiculatus Extracts (COE) inhibited the expression of the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) in human gastric cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the COE inhibited the metastasis through the mTOR signaling pathway in human gastric cancer MGC-803 cells. METHODS The abnormal expression level of mTOR protein was detected by immunohistochemistry in human gastric cancer tissue. The MGC-803/mTOR- cells were constructed by knockdown of mTOR using lentivirus infection technique. The human gastric cancer MGC-803/mTOR- cells were treated with different concentrations (20, 40, 80 μg/ml) of COE for 24 hours. The ability of cell metastasis was analyzed by the cell invasion and migration assay. The expression levels of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway were detected by Western Blotting. RESULTS COE inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of MGC-803/mTOR- cells in a concentrationdependent manner. The expression of E-cadherin protein increased, and the expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin decreased simultaneously in the MGC-803/mTOR- cells. 4EBP1, p-4EBP1, P70S6k, p-P70S6k, mTOR, p-mTOR, PI3K and Akt proteins in MGC-803/mTOR- cells were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION COE could not only inhibit cell growth, invasion and migration, but also inhibit the epithelialmesenchymal transition of gastric cancer cells. The molecular mechanism of COE inhibited the metastasis which may be related to the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway. This study provides ideas for the development of new anti-gastric cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Qian
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangyang North Road, Yangzhou 225009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou 225001, China.,Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangyang North Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hongmei Lu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangyang North Road, Yangzhou 225009, China.,Department of Pathology, Yangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Woman Health Cuxuan Center, Jiangsu Sheng, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangyang North Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Mengying Lv
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangyang North Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chuanci Fang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangyang North Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jingjing Hou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangyang North Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangyang North Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiwen Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangyang North Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangyang North Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yajuan Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangyang North Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangyang North Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yajuan Gu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangyang North Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yongling Ding
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangyang North Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
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21
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Deng LJ, Li Y, Qi M, Liu JS, Wang S, Hu LJ, Lei YH, Jiang RW, Chen WM, Qi Q, Tian HY, Han WL, Wu BJ, Chen JX, Ye WC, Zhang DM. Molecular mechanisms of bufadienolides and their novel strategies for cancer treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 887:173379. [PMID: 32758567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bufadienolides are cardioactive C24 steroids with an α-pyrone ring at position C17. In the last ten years, accumulating studies have revealed the anticancer activities of bufadienolides and their underlying mechanisms, such as induction of autophagy and apoptosis, cell cycle disruption, inhibition of angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness, and multidrug resistance reversal. As Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitors, bufadienolides have inevitable cardiotoxicity. Short half-lives, poor stability, low plasma concentration and oral bioavailability in vivo are obstacles for their applications as drugs. To improve the drug potency of bufadienolides and reduce their side effects, prodrug strategies and drug delivery systems such as liposomes and nanoparticles have been applied. Therefore, systematic and recapitulated information about the antitumor activity of bufadienolides, with special emphasis on the molecular or cellular mechanisms, prodrug strategies and drug delivery systems, is of high interest. Here, we systematically review the anticancer effects of bufadienolides and the molecular or cellular mechanisms of action. Research advancements regarding bufadienolide prodrugs and their tumor-targeting delivery strategies are critically summarized. This work highlights recent scientific advances regarding bufadienolides as effective anticancer agents from 2011 to 2019, which will help researchers to understand the molecular pathways involving bufadienolides, resulting in a selective and safe new lead compound or therapeutic strategy with improved therapeutic applications of bufadienolides for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ming Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jun-Shan Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Li-Jun Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yu-He Lei
- Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518034, China
| | - Ren-Wang Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qi Qi
- Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Hai-Yan Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wei-Li Han
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bao-Jian Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jia-Xu Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Dong-Mei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Li Y, Sun Q, Li H, Yang B, Wang M. Vitexin suppresses renal cell carcinoma by regulating mTOR pathways. Transl Androl Urol 2020; 9:1700-1711. [PMID: 32944531 PMCID: PMC7475661 DOI: 10.21037/tau-20-1094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. Vitexin (apigenin-8-C-D-glucopyranoside), a bioactive compound isolated from a variety of plants, has multiple protective effects on human health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of vitexin in RC and the related molecular mechanism. Methods Proliferation was tested with Cell Counting Kit-8 and Edu staining. Apoptosis was studied with flow cytometry. Immunofluorescent was applied to show LC3 spots. BALB/c nude mice bearing ACHN cells were established and immunohistochemical staining was applied to validate the in vivo effects of vitexin. All the effects and possible signaling pathways involved were validated with western blotting. Results Seventy micromole of vitexin started to show significant effect on the growth of normal renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2), so 0, 10, 20 and 40 µM of vitexin were used in later experiments. Vitexin inhibited growth and induced apoptosis of ACHN and OS-RC-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and promoted excessive autophagy by reducing p62 levels and increasing Beclin1 and LC3II levels. Western blotting revealed that vitexin significantly increased the phosphorylation levels of Adenosine Monophosphate Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in ACHN and OS-RC-2 cells, while decreasing the phosphorylation levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/activates protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR). In BALB/c nude mice bearing ACHN cells, vitexin inhibited tumor growth, reduced Ki67 and increased caspase-3 levels in the tumor tissues. Conclusions The results indicated that the tumor suppressive role of vitexin in ACHN and OS-RC-2 cells involved AMPK/mTOR, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and JNK pathways. Therefore, vitexin may be a promising drug for the treatment of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Jingmen, Jingmen, China
| | - Qinghai Sun
- Clinical Medicine Discipline, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Medicine, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Medicine, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
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Qu Q, He Z, Jiang Y, Lu D, Long X, Ding Y, Xu B, He X. C₁₈H₁₇NO₆ Inhibits Invasion and Migration of Human MNNG Osteosarcoma Cells via the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:7527-7537. [PMID: 31589596 PMCID: PMC6792516 DOI: 10.12659/msm.918431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly aggressive, metastatic bone tumor with a poor prognosis, and occurs more commonly in children and adolescents. Therefore, new drugs and treatments are urgently needed. In this study, we investigated the effect and potential mechanisms of C18H17NO6 on osteosarcoma cells. Material/Methods Human MNNG osteosarcoma cells were treated with different concentrations of C18H17NO6. The proliferation of the MNNG cells was examined via CCK-8 assay. Cell migration and invasion were tested via wound-healing assay and Transwell migration and invasion assays. ELISA was used to detect MMP-2, MMP-9, and VEGF secretion. Finally, Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to detect protein and mRNA expressions, respectively. Results C18H17NO6 inhibited MNNG proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner and inhibited MMP-2, MMP-9, and VEGF secretion. C18H17NO6 treatment significantly downregulated N-cadherin and Vimentin expression levels and upregulated E-cadherin expression levels in vitro and in vivo. C18H17NO6 inhibited tumor growth in a MNNG xenograft. We also found that C18H17NO6 can significantly reduce the phosphorylation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. However, 740Y-P (a PI3K agonist) had the opposite effect on proliferation, migration and invasion of MNNG cells treated with C18H17NO6. LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor) downregulated p-PI3K and p-AKT could mimic the inhibitory effect of C18H17NO6. Conclusions Our results suggest that C18H17NO6 can inhibit human MNNG osteosarcoma cell invasion and migration via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro. C18H17NO6 may be a highly effective and low-toxicity natural drug for the prevention or treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Qu
- Stomatology Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Zhongshun He
- Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Yulei Jiang
- Stomatology Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Di Lu
- Biomedical Engineering Center of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaolin Long
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Yu Ding
- Stomatology Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Biao Xu
- Stomatology Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoqiong He
- School of Public Health Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
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