1
|
Rapp J, Borden MA, Bhat V, Sarabia A, Leibfarth FA. Continuous Polymer Synthesis and Manufacturing of Polyurethane Elastomers Enabled by Automation. ACS POLYMERS AU 2024; 4:120-127. [PMID: 38618002 PMCID: PMC11010252 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.3c00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Connecting polymer synthesis and processing is an important challenge for streamlining the manufacturing of polymeric materials. In this work, the automated synthesis of acrylate-capped polyurethane oligomers is integrated with vat photopolymerization 3D printing. This strategy enabled the rapid manufacturing of a library of polyurethane-based elastomeric materials with differentiated thermal and mechanical properties. The automated semicontinuous batch synthesis approach proved enabling for resins with otherwise short shelf lives because of the intimate connection between synthesis, formulation, and processing. Structure-property studies demonstrated the ability to tune properties through systematic alteration of cross-link density and chemical composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johann
L. Rapp
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Meredith A. Borden
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Vittal Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Alexis Sarabia
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Frank A. Leibfarth
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The applications of organozinc reagents in continuous flow chemistry: Negishi coupling. J Flow Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-022-00253-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
3
|
Khan M, Assal ME, Nawaz Tahir M, Khan M, Ashraf M, Rafe Hatshan M, Khan M, Varala R, Mohammed Badawi N, Farooq Adil S. Graphene/Inorganic Nanocomposites: Evolving Photocatalysts for Solar Energy Conversion for Environmental Remediation. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
4
|
Li SC, Hu BC, Shang LM, Ma T, Li C, Liang HW, Yu SH. General Synthesis and Solution Processing of Metal-Organic Framework Nanofibers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202504. [PMID: 35580346 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
By virtue of their extraordinarily high surface areas, ordered pore structures, various compositions, and rich functionality, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are of great interest in diverse fields such as gas separation, sensing, catalysis, energy, environment science, and biomedicine. However, the difficulty in processing MOF crystals and controlling the MOF superstructure is emerging as a critical issue in their application. Herein, it is reported that a robust template, i.e., nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), can be used for the synthesis of MOF materials with 1D nanofiber morphology. NFC@MOF core-shell nanofibers with a uniform network structure and high aspect ratios can be prepared by use of this template. The small crystal size, flexibility, and good dispersity of the NFC@MOF nanofibers make it convenient for the macroscale assembly and solution processing of MOF materials. A proof-of-concept study is demonstrated wherein freestanding MOF nanofiber membranes represent good performance in applications of water treatment and heterogeneous catalysis reaction. This general synthesis and solution-processing strategy may herald a new era in promoting the industrial application of MOFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Cheng Li
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Bi-Cheng Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Li-Mei Shang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hai-Wei Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nishioka M, Miyakawa M, Nagase T. Semiflow Microwave Heating Reactor with Resonator Moving Mechanism Applied to Zeolite Synthesis. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:18638-18645. [PMID: 35694498 PMCID: PMC9178737 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A semiflow microwave (MW) heating reactor similar to a flow reactor system was developed. Slurry raw materials in the reaction tube were heated continuously and cooled rapidly by moving a thin MW resonator instead of flowing slurry raw materials. From highly viscous mother slurries, Linde-type A (LTA) and faujasite (FAU)-type zeolite nanoparticles of small crystal grains were synthesized quickly. Results show that this heating system can synthesize hydroxy-sodalite (SOD)-type zeolite from coal fly ash particles including those larger than 50 μm. Numerical calculations using the COMSOL Multiphysics program revealed the thermal distribution of liquids of various viscosities using the semiflow MW heating reactor.
Collapse
|
6
|
Residence time distribution in reactive and non-reactive flow systems in micro and millidevices. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
7
|
Synthesis of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 and gold nanoparticles in a sustained out-of-equilibrium state. Sci Rep 2022; 12:222. [PMID: 34996999 PMCID: PMC8741818 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03942-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The design and synthesis of crystalline materials are challenging due to the proper control over the size and polydispersity of the samples, which determine their physical and chemical properties and thus applicability. Metal − organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising materials in many applications due to their unique structure. MOFs have been predominantly synthesized by bulk methods, where the concentration of the reagents gradually decreased, which affected the further nucleation and crystal growth. Here we show an out-of-equilibrium method for the generation of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) crystals, where the non-equilibrium crystal growth is maintained by a continuous two-side feed of the reagents in a hydrogel matrix. The size and the polydispersity of the crystals are controlled by the fixed and antagonistic constant mass fluxes of the reagents and by the reaction time. We also present that our approach can be extended to synthesize gold nanoparticles in a redox process.
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang X, Zhong Z, Zhou S, Gu P, Xu Q, Lu JM. Tuning the Stability of Liquids by Controlling the Formation of Interfacial Surfactants. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03101a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the stability of liquids by nanoparticle surfactants is widely investigated, while the stability of liquids by supramolecular polymer surfactants is rarely involved. Herein, we combine small organic molecules dissolved...
Collapse
|
9
|
Yeo J, Woo J, Choi S, Kwon K, Lee JK, Kim M. Comprehensive studies of continuous flow reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer copolymerization and its application for photoimaging materials. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00542e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Thorough studies of RAFT copolymerization in a continuous flow to gain deeper insights into kinetics, reactivity, and applicability were conducted with monomers and solvents utilizable for chemically amplified resist systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeong Yeo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Woo
- Program in Environment and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyeon Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiyoung Kwon
- Program in Environment and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyun Lee
- Program in Environment and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungwoong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang Z, Zhou Y, Chen M. Computer‐Aided
Living Polymerization Conducted under
Continuous‐Flow
Conditions
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Mao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Joseph J, Iftekhar S, Srivastava V, Fallah Z, Zare EN, Sillanpää M. Iron-based metal-organic framework: Synthesis, structure and current technologies for water reclamation with deep insight into framework integrity. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131171. [PMID: 34198064 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Water is a supreme requirement for the existence of life, the contamination from the point and non-point sources are creating a great threat to the water ecosystem. Advance tools and techniques are required to restore the water quality and metal-organic framework (MOFs) with a tunable porous structure, striking physical and chemical properties are an excellent candidate for it. Fe-based MOFs, which developed rapidly in recent years, are foreseen as most promising to overcome the disadvantages of traditional water depolluting practices. Fe-MOFs with low toxicity and preferable stability possess excellent performance potential for almost all water remedying techniques in contrast to other MOF structures, especially visible light photocatalysis, Fenton, and Fenton-like heterogeneous catalysis. Fe-MOFs become essential tool for water treatment due to their high catalytic activity, abundant active site and pollutant-specific adsorption. However, the structural degradation under external chemical, photolytic, mechanical, and thermal stimuli is impeding Fe-MOFs from further improvement in activity and their commercialization. Understanding the shortcomings of structural integrity is crucial for large-scale synthesis and commercial implementation of Fe-MOFs-based water treatment techniques. Herein we summarize the synthesis, structure and recent advancements in water remediation methods using Fe-MOFs in particular more attention is paid for adsorption, heterogeneous catalysis and photocatalysis with clear insight into the mechanisms involved. For ease of analysis, the pollutants have been classified into two major classes; inorganic pollutants and organic pollutants. In this review, we present for the first time a detailed insight into the challenges in employing Fe-MOFs for water remediation due to structural instability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessy Joseph
- Department of Chemistry, Jyväskylä University, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sidra Iftekhar
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70120, Finland
| | - Varsha Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Jyväskylä University, Jyväskylä, Finland; Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, 90014, Finland.
| | - Zari Fallah
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, 47416-95447, Iran
| | | | - Mika Sillanpää
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), NO. 2006, Xiyuan Ave., West High-Tech Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, PR China; Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Applied Physics, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; School of Chemistry, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India; Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
He B, Macreadie LK, Gardiner J, Telfer SG, Hill MR. In Situ Investigation of Multicomponent MOF Crystallization during Rapid Continuous Flow Synthesis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:54284-54293. [PMID: 34739210 PMCID: PMC8822483 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Access to the potential applications of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) depends on rapid fabrication. While there have been advances in the large-scale production of single-component MOFs, rapid synthesis of multicomponent MOFs presents greater challenges. Multicomponent systems subjected to rapid synthesis conditions have the opportunity to form separate kinetic phases that are each built up using just one linker. We sought to investigate whether continuous flow chemistry could be adapted to the rapid formation of multicomponent MOFs, exploring the UMCM-1 and MUF-77 series. Surprisingly, phase pure, highly crystalline multicomponent materials emerge under these conditions. To explore this, in situ WAXS was undertaken to gain an understanding of the formation mechanisms at play during flow synthesis. Key differences were found between the ternary UMCM-1 and the quaternary MUF-7, and key details about how the MOFs form were then uncovered. Counterintuitively, despite consisting of just two ligands UMCM-1 proceeds via MOF-5, whereas MUF-7 consists of three ligands but is generated directly from the reaction mixture. By taking advantage of the scalable high-quality materials produced, C6 separations were achieved in breakthrough settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon He
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- CSIRO
Private Bag 10, Clayton
South, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Lauren K. Macreadie
- School
of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- MacDiarmid
Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Institute of Fundamental
Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - James Gardiner
- CSIRO
Private Bag 10, Clayton
South, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Shane G. Telfer
- MacDiarmid
Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Institute of Fundamental
Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Matthew R. Hill
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- CSIRO
Private Bag 10, Clayton
South, VIC 3169, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ollerton K, Greenaway RL, Slater AG. Enabling Technology for Supramolecular Chemistry. Front Chem 2021; 9:774987. [PMID: 34869224 PMCID: PMC8634592 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.774987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular materials-materials that exploit non-covalent interactions-are increasing in structural complexity, selectivity, function, stability, and scalability, but their use in applications has been comparatively limited. In this Minireview, we summarize the opportunities presented by enabling technology-flow chemistry, high-throughput screening, and automation-to wield greater control over the processes in supramolecular chemistry and accelerate the discovery and use of self-assembled systems. Finally, we give an outlook for how these tools could transform the future of the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Ollerton
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca L. Greenaway
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna G. Slater
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mayer
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 2, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Knut R. Asmis
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 2, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ryu U, Jee S, Rao PC, Shin J, Ko C, Yoon M, Park KS, Choi KM. Recent advances in process engineering and upcoming applications of metal-organic frameworks. Coord Chem Rev 2021; 426:213544. [PMID: 32981945 PMCID: PMC7500364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Progress in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has advanced from fundamental chemistry to engineering processes and applications, resulting in new industrial opportunities. The unique features of MOFs, such as their permanent porosity, high surface area, and structural flexibility, continue to draw industrial interest outside the traditional MOF field, both to solve existing challenges and to create new businesses. In this context, diverse research has been directed toward commercializing MOFs, but such studies have been performed according to a variety of individual goals. Therefore, there have been limited opportunities to share the challenges, goals, and findings with most of the MOF field. In this review, we examine the issues and demands for MOF commercialization and investigate recent advances in MOF process engineering and applications. Specifically, we discuss the criteria for MOF commercialization from the views of stability, producibility, regulations, and production cost. This review covers progress in the mass production and formation of MOFs along with future applications that are not currently well known but have high potential for new areas of MOF commercialization.
Collapse
Key Words
- 2,4-DNT, 2,4-dinitrotoluene
- 4-NP, 4-nitrophenol
- ABS, acrylonitril-butadiene-styrene
- BET, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller
- CA, Cellulose-acetate
- CEES, 2-Chloroethyl ethyl sulfide
- CIE, Commission international ed’Eclairage
- CNF, Cellulose nanofiber
- CNG, compressed natural gas
- CVD, Chemical vapor deposition
- CWA, Chemical warfare agent
- CWC, Chemical weapons convention
- Commercialization
- DCP, Diethylchlorophosphonate
- DDM, n-dodecyl β-D-maltoside
- DEF, N,N-Diethyl formamide
- DFP, Diisopropyl fluorophosphate
- DFT, Density functional theory
- DIFP, Diisopropylfluorophosphate
- DLS, Dynamic light scattering
- DMA, Dimethylacetamide
- DMF, N,N-Dimethyl formamide
- DMMP, Dimethyl methylphosphonate
- DRIFTS, Diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform spectroscopy
- Dispersion
- E. Coli, Escherichia coli
- ECS, Extrusion-crushing-sieving
- EDLCs, Electrochemical double-layer capacitors
- EPA, Environmental protection agency
- EXAFS, Extended X-ray absorption fine structure
- FT-IR, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
- Fn, Fusobacterium nucleatum
- Future applications
- GC–MS, Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
- GRGDS, Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser
- ILDs, Interlayer dielectrics
- ITRS, International technology roadmap for semiconductors
- LED, Light-emitting diode
- LIBs, Lithium-ion batteries
- LMOF, Luminescent metal–organic framework
- LOD, Limit of detection
- MB, methylene blue
- MBC, Minimum bactericidal concentration
- MIC, Minimum inhibitory concentration
- MIM, Metal-insulator–metal
- MMP, Methyl methylphosphonate
- MOF, metal–organic framework
- MOGs, Metal-organic gels
- MRA, mesoporous ρ-alumina
- MRSA, Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
- MVTR, Moisture vapor transport rate
- Mass production
- Metal–organic framework
- NMP, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- NMR, Nuclear magnetic resonance
- PAN, Polyacrylonitrile
- PANI, Polyaniline
- PEG-CCM, polyethylene-glycol-modified mono-functional curcumin
- PEI, Polyetherimide
- PEMFCs, Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells
- PM, Particulate matter
- POM, Polyoxometalate
- PPC, Polypropylene/polycarbonate
- PS, Polystyrene
- PSM, Post-synthetic modification
- PVA, Polyvinyl alcohol
- PVB, Polyvinyl Butyral
- PVC, Polyvinylchloride
- PVF, Polyvinylformal
- PXRD, Powder x-ray diffraction
- Pg, Porphyromonas gingivalis
- RDX, 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane
- ROS, Reactive oxygen species
- SALI, Solvent assisted ligand incorporation
- SBU, Secondary building unit
- SCXRD, Single-crystal X-ray diffraction
- SEM, Scanning electron microscope
- SIBs, Sodium-ion batteries
- SSEs, Solid-state electrolytes
- STY, space–time yield, grams of MOF per cubic meter of reaction mixture per day of synthesis
- Shaping
- TEA, Triethylamine
- TIPS-HoP, Thermally induced phase separation-hot pressing
- TNP, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol
- TNT, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene
- UPS, Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy
- VOC, Volatile organic compound
- WHO, World health organization
- WLED, White light emitting diode
- XPS, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- ZIF, zeolitic imidazolate framework
- hXAS, Hard X-ray absorption spectroscopy
- sXAS, Soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- UnJin Ryu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, 100 Cheongpa-ro 47 gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Seohyeon Jee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, 100 Cheongpa-ro 47 gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Purna Chandra Rao
- Department of Chemistry & Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyoung Shin
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Materials & Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, 100 Cheongpa-ro 47 gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhyun Ko
- Institute of Advanced Materials & Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, 100 Cheongpa-ro 47 gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Physics, College of Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry & Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyo Sung Park
- Corporation R&D, Research Park, LG Chem, LG Science Park, 30, Magokjungang-10-Ro, Gangseo-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, 100 Cheongpa-ro 47 gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Materials & Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, 100 Cheongpa-ro 47 gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sivo A, Galaverna RDS, Gomes GR, Pastre JC, Vilé G. From circular synthesis to material manufacturing: advances, challenges, and future steps for using flow chemistry in novel application area. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00411a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We review the emerging use of flow technologies for circular chemistry and material manufacturing, highlighting advances, challenges, and future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Sivo
- Department of Chemistry
- Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”
- Politecnico di Milano
- IT-20131 Milano
- Italy
| | | | | | | | - Gianvito Vilé
- Department of Chemistry
- Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”
- Politecnico di Milano
- IT-20131 Milano
- Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Daro N, Vaudel T, Afindouli L, Marre S, Aymonier C, Chastanet G. One-Step Synthesis of Spin Crossover Nanoparticles Using Flow Chemistry and Supercritical CO 2. Chemistry 2020; 26:16286-16290. [PMID: 32648612 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Switchable materials are increasingly considered for implementation in devices or multifunctional composites leading to a strong need in terms of reliable synthetic productions of well-defined objects. Here, an innovative and robust template-free continuous process was developed to synthesize nanoparticles of a switchable coordination polymer, including the use of supercritical CO2 , aiming at both quenching the particle growth and drying the powder. This all-in-one process offers a 12-fold size reduction in a few minutes while maintaining the switching properties of the selected spin crossover coordination polymer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Daro
- CNRS-Université de Bordeaux- INP, ICMCB UMR 5026, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Tony Vaudel
- CNRS-Université de Bordeaux- INP, ICMCB UMR 5026, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Luc Afindouli
- CNRS-Université de Bordeaux- INP, ICMCB UMR 5026, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Samuel Marre
- CNRS-Université de Bordeaux- INP, ICMCB UMR 5026, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Cyril Aymonier
- CNRS-Université de Bordeaux- INP, ICMCB UMR 5026, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Miyakawa M, Nakamura T, Iwabuchi R, Nishioka M. Sheet-Type Flow Process Using Magnetic-Field-Induced Heating with Single-Mode Microwaves Applied to a Continuous Metal Nanoparticle Synthesis. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Miyakawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST, 4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai 983-8551, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakamura
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST, 4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai 983-8551, Japan
| | - Ryoko Iwabuchi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST, 4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai 983-8551, Japan
| | - Masateru Nishioka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST, 4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai 983-8551, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liao J, Zhang S, Wang Z, Song X, Zhang D, Kumar R, Jin J, Ren P, You H, Chen FE. Transition-metal catalyzed asymmetric reactions under continuous flow from 2015 to early 2020. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
|
20
|
El Achi N, Bakkour Y, Adhami W, Molina J, Penhoat M, Azaroual N, Chausset-Boissarie L, Rolando C. Metal-Free ATRP Catalyzed by Visible Light in Continuous Flow. Front Chem 2020; 8:740. [PMID: 33102428 PMCID: PMC7505802 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
ATRP of methyl methacrylate catalyzed by Eosin Y, an inexpensive and an environmental benign dye, was performed in a continuous flow reactor made of FEP tubing and irradiated by visible light green LEDs. The reaction under flow conditions was significantly more rapid and controlled compared to that in batch giving 90% of polymerization after only 3 h of irradiation. The formed polymers in flow have M n measured by GPC and DOSY NMR in accordance with the theoretical values and show low dispersities (Ð < 1.5). The livingness of the polymers has been confirmed by LED on and LED off experiments and by the synthesis of block copolymers. The protocol described herein serves as a "proof of concept" of using Eosin Y as a photocatalyst for controlled polymerization and of using 1D and 2D NMR for polymer characterization. The protocol could be replicated in the future for other reversible-deactivation radical polymerizations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nassim El Achi
- MSAP ‘Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique’, Université de Lille, USR CNRS 3290, Lille, France
| | - Youssef Bakkour
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences III, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Wissal Adhami
- MSAP ‘Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique’, Université de Lille, USR CNRS 3290, Lille, France
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences III, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Julien Molina
- MSAP ‘Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique’, Université de Lille, USR CNRS 3290, Lille, France
| | - Maël Penhoat
- MSAP ‘Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique’, Université de Lille, USR CNRS 3290, Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Azaroual
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Application RMN, GRITA ‘Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées’, Université de Lille, EA 7365, Lille, France
| | - Laëtitia Chausset-Boissarie
- MSAP ‘Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique’, Université de Lille, USR CNRS 3290, Lille, France
| | - Christian Rolando
- MSAP ‘Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique’, Université de Lille, USR CNRS 3290, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Loizou K, Mourdikoudis S, Sergides A, Besenhard MO, Sarafidis C, Higashimine K, Kalogirou O, Maenosono S, Thanh NTK, Gavriilidis A. Rapid Millifluidic Synthesis of Stable High Magnetic Moment Fe xC y Nanoparticles for Hyperthermia. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:28520-28531. [PMID: 32379412 PMCID: PMC7467546 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A millifluidic reactor with a 0.76 mm internal diameter was utilized for the synthesis of monodisperse, high magnetic moment, iron carbide (FexCy) nanoparticles by thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl (Fe(CO)5) in 1-octadecene in the presence of oleylamine at 22 min nominal residence time. The effect of reaction conditions (temperature and pressure) on the size, morphology, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of the nanoparticles was investigated. The system developed facilitated the thermal decomposition of precursor at reaction conditions (up to 265 °C and 4 bar) that cannot be easily achieved in conventional batch reactors. The degree of carbidization was enhanced by operating at elevated temperature and pressure. The nanoparticles synthesized in the flow reactor had size 9-18 nm and demonstrated high saturation magnetization (up to 164 emu/gFe). They further showed good stability against oxidation after 2 months of exposure in air, retaining good saturation magnetization values with a change of no more than 10% of the initial value. The heating ability of the nanoparticles in an alternating magnetic field was comparable with other ferrites reported in the literature, having intrinsic loss power values up to 1.52 nHm2 kg-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Loizou
- Department of Chemical
Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Stefanos Mourdikoudis
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
- UCL
Healthcare Biomagnetic and Nanomaterials Laboratories, 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, U.K.
| | - Andreas Sergides
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
- UCL
Healthcare Biomagnetic and Nanomaterials Laboratories, 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, U.K.
| | - Maximilian Otto Besenhard
- Department of Chemical
Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Charalampos Sarafidis
- Department of Physics, Aristotle
University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Koichi Higashimine
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Orestis Kalogirou
- Department of Physics, Aristotle
University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Shinya Maenosono
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Nguyen Thi Kim Thanh
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
- UCL
Healthcare Biomagnetic and Nanomaterials Laboratories, 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, U.K.
| | - Asterios Gavriilidis
- Department of Chemical
Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Carraro F, Williams JD, Linares‐Moreau M, Parise C, Liang W, Amenitsch H, Doonan C, Kappe CO, Falcaro P. Continuous-Flow Synthesis of ZIF-8 Biocomposites with Tunable Particle Size. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8123-8127. [PMID: 32059061 PMCID: PMC7318291 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) biocomposites show the capacity to protect and deliver biotherapeutics. To date, the progress in this research area is based on laboratory batch methods. Now, the first continuous flow synthetic method is presented for the encapsulation of a model protein (bovine serum albumin, BSA) and a clinical therapeutic (α1-antitrypsin, AAT) in ZIF-8. The in situ kinetics of nucleation, growth, and crystallization of BSA@ZIF-8 were studied by small-angle X-ray scattering. By controlling the injection time of ethanol, the particle growth could be quenched by ethanol-induced crystallization from amorphous particles to ZIF-8 crystals. The particle size of the biocomposite was tuned in the 40-100 nm range by varying residence time prior to introduction of ethanol. As a proof-of-concept, this procedure was used for the encapsulation of AAT in ZIF-8. Upon release of the biotherapeutic from the composite, the trypsin inhibitor function of AAT was preserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Carraro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
| | - Jason D. Williams
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW)Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE)Inffeldgasse 138010GrazAustria
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Graz, NAWI GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria
| | - Mercedes Linares‐Moreau
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
| | - Chiara Parise
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Graz, NAWI GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”Universita' di BolognaViale del Risorgimento 4BolognaItaly
| | - Weibin Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced NanomaterialsThe University of AdelaideAdelaide5005Australia
| | - Heinz Amenitsch
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
| | - Christian Doonan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced NanomaterialsThe University of AdelaideAdelaide5005Australia
| | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW)Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE)Inffeldgasse 138010GrazAustria
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Graz, NAWI GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced NanomaterialsThe University of AdelaideAdelaide5005Australia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Carraro F, Williams JD, Linares‐Moreau M, Parise C, Liang W, Amenitsch H, Doonan C, Kappe CO, Falcaro P. Continuous‐Flow Synthesis of ZIF‐8 Biocomposites with Tunable Particle Size. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Carraro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Jason D. Williams
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW) Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
- Institute of Chemistry University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Mercedes Linares‐Moreau
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Chiara Parise
- Institute of Chemistry University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari” Universita' di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 Bologna Italy
| | - Weibin Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials The University of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 Australia
| | - Heinz Amenitsch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Christian Doonan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials The University of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 Australia
| | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW) Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
- Institute of Chemistry University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 8010 Graz Austria
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials The University of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Miyakawa M, Hiyoshi N, Koda H, Watanabe K, Kunigami H, Kunigami H, Miyazawa A, Nishioka M. Continuous syntheses of carbon-supported Pd and Pd@Pt core-shell nanoparticles using a flow-type single-mode microwave reactor. RSC Adv 2020; 10:6571-6575. [PMID: 35496000 PMCID: PMC9049753 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10140c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous syntheses of carbon-supported Pd@Pt core-shell nanoparticles were performed using microwave-assisted flow reaction in polyol to synthesize carbon-supported core Pd with subsequent direct coating of a Pt shell. By optimizing the amount of NaOH, almost all Pt precursors contributed to shell formation without specific chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Miyakawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST 4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku Sendai 983-8551 Japan
| | - Norihito Hiyoshi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST 4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku Sendai 983-8551 Japan
| | - Hidekazu Koda
- Shinko Kagaku Kogyosyo Co., Ltd. 1544-19, Mashimori Koshigaya-shi Saitama 343-0012 Japan
| | - Kenichi Watanabe
- Shinko Kagaku Kogyosyo Co., Ltd. 1544-19, Mashimori Koshigaya-shi Saitama 343-0012 Japan
| | - Hideki Kunigami
- Shinko Kagaku Kogyosyo Co., Ltd. 1544-19, Mashimori Koshigaya-shi Saitama 343-0012 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kunigami
- Shinko Kagaku Kogyosyo Co., Ltd. 1544-19, Mashimori Koshigaya-shi Saitama 343-0012 Japan
| | - Akira Miyazawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST 4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku Sendai 983-8551 Japan
| | - Masateru Nishioka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST 4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku Sendai 983-8551 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Judzewitsch PR, Corrigan N, Trujillo F, Xu J, Moad G, Hawker CJ, Wong EHH, Boyer C. High-Throughput Process for the Discovery of Antimicrobial Polymers and Their Upscaled Production via Flow Polymerization. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Judzewitsch
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Francisco Trujillo
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Graeme Moad
- Manufacturing, CSIRO, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory and Departments of Materials, Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Edgar H. H. Wong
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chow E, Raguse B, Della Gaspera E, Barrow SJ, Hong J, Hubble LJ, Chai R, Cooper JS, Sosa Pintos A. Flow-controlled synthesis of gold nanoparticles in a biphasic system with inline liquid–liquid separation. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00403c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
4-Dimethylaminopyridine-stabilised gold nanoparticles are synthesised in a biphasic flow reactor system using organic/aqueous membrane separators and gas-permeable tubing.
Collapse
|
28
|
Parkinson S, Knox ST, Bourne RA, Warren NJ. Rapid production of block copolymer nano-objects via continuous-flow ultrafast RAFT dispersion polymerisation. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00276c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Continuous-flow reactors are exploited for conducting ultrafast RAFT dispersion polymerisation for the preparation of diblock copolymer nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Parkinson
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - Stephen T. Knox
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - Richard A. Bourne
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Shen T, Ouyang B, Qian C, Chen X. Aminolysis of ethyl acetate in continuous flow and its reaction kinetics. Chin J Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
30
|
Liguori F, Barbaro P, Calisi N. Continuous-Flow Oxidation of HMF to FDCA by Resin-Supported Platinum Catalysts in Neat Water. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:2558-2563. [PMID: 31050160 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201900833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation reaction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to the bioplastic monomer 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid over heterogenous resin-supported Pt catalysts was investigated in detail, under continuous flow, base-free conditions, and in neat water. The product was continuously obtained in 99 % yield by running the reaction at 120 °C, 303 s residence time, 1.2 mL min-1 O2 flow rate, and 7.7 bar O2 pressure. The product was isolated with a high space-time-yield of 46.0 g L-1 h-1 without purifications or acid/base treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Liguori
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Barbaro
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Nicola Calisi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università degli studi di Firenze, via s. Marta 3, 50139, Firenze, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, Via Giusti 9, 50121, Firenze, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Russell MG, Jamison TF. Seven‐Step Continuous Flow Synthesis of Linezolid Without Intermediate Purification. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:7678-7681. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Grace Russell
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave. Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Timothy F. Jamison
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave. Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Seven‐Step Continuous Flow Synthesis of Linezolid Without Intermediate Purification. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
33
|
Reis MH, Varner TP, Leibfarth FA. The Influence of Residence Time Distribution on Continuous-Flow Polymerization. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus H. Reis
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Travis P. Varner
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Frank A. Leibfarth
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sustainable processes for the catalytic synthesis of safer chemical substitutes of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
35
|
Duong ATH, Simmons BJ, Alam MP, Campagna J, Garg NK, John V. Synthesis of Fused Indolines by Interrupted Fischer Indolization in a Microfluidic Reactor. Tetrahedron Lett 2019; 60:322-326. [PMID: 30631216 PMCID: PMC6322698 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study describes our development of a microfluidic reaction scheme for the synthesis of fused indoline ring systems found in several bioactive compounds. We have utilized a continuous-flow microfluidic reactor for the reaction of hydrazines with latent aldehydes through the interrupted Fischer indolization reaction to form fused indoline and azaindoline products. We have identified optimal conditions and evaluated the scope of this microfluidic reaction using various hydrazine and latent aldehyde surrogates. This green chemistry approach can be of general utility to rapidly produce indoline scaffolds and intermediates in a continuous manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Tuan-Huy Duong
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Bryan J Simmons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Mohammad Parvez Alam
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Jesus Campagna
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Neil K Garg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Varghese John
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Pahl M, Mayer M, Schneider M, Belder D, Asmis KR. Joining Microfluidics with Infrared Photodissociation: Online Monitoring of Isomeric Flow-Reaction Intermediates. Anal Chem 2019; 91:3199-3203. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maik Pahl
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, University Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Mayer
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 2, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maximilian Schneider
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, University Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, University Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Knut R. Asmis
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 2, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Parkinson S, Hondow NS, Conteh JS, Bourne RA, Warren NJ. All-aqueous continuous-flow RAFT dispersion polymerisation for efficient preparation of diblock copolymer spheres, worms and vesicles. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00211h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A continuous-flow platform enables rapid kinetic profiling and accelerated production of block copolymer nano-objects via RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Parkinson
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - Nicole S. Hondow
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - John S. Conteh
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - Richard A. Bourne
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
- Institute of Process Research and Development
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhang J, Chen J, Peng S, Peng S, Zhang Z, Tong Y, Miller PW, Yan XP. Emerging porous materials in confined spaces: from chromatographic applications to flow chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:2566-2595. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00657a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Porous materials confined within capillary columns/microfluidic devices are discussed, and progress in chromatographic and membrane separations and catalysis is reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Junxing Chen
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Sheng Peng
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Shuyin Peng
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Zizhe Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Yexiang Tong
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | | | - Xiu-Ping Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liu Z, Zhu J, Wakihara T, Okubo T. Ultrafast synthesis of zeolites: breakthrough, progress and perspective. Inorg Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qi00939b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
An ultrafast route was established to synthesize industrially important zeolites in several minutes, which represents a breakthrough in the field of zeolite synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Liu
- Department of Chemical System Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Chemical System Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Toru Wakihara
- Department of Chemical System Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Tatsuya Okubo
- Department of Chemical System Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Liu Z, Zhu J, Peng C, Wakihara T, Okubo T. Continuous flow synthesis of ordered porous materials: from zeolites to metal–organic frameworks and mesoporous silica. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00142e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein we review the concepts, challenges and recent developments on the continuous flow synthesis of ordered porous materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Liu
- Department of Chemical System Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Chemical System Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Ce Peng
- Department of Chemical System Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Toru Wakihara
- Department of Chemical System Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Tatsuya Okubo
- Department of Chemical System Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Barham JP, Koyama E, Norikane Y, Ohneda N, Yoshimura T. Microwave Flow: A Perspective on Reactor and Microwave Configurations and the Emergence of Tunable Single‐Mode Heating Toward Large‐Scale Applications. CHEM REC 2018; 19:188-203. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P. Barham
- Electronics and Photonics Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Emiko Koyama
- Electronics and Photonics Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Yasuo Norikane
- Electronics and Photonics Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ohneda
- SAIDA FDS, INC. 143-10 Isshiki Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0054 Japan
| | - Takeo Yoshimura
- SAIDA FDS, INC. 143-10 Isshiki Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0054 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sugiyama J. Electromagnetic Relationship between Microwaves and Flow Reactor Systems. CHEM REC 2018; 19:146-156. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun‐ichi Sugiyama
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Moreno-Marrodan C, Barbaro P, Caporali S, Bossola F. Low-Temperature Continuous-Flow Dehydration of Xylose Over Water-Tolerant Niobia-Titania Heterogeneous Catalysts. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:3649-3660. [PMID: 30106509 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The sustainable conversion of vegetable biomass-derived feeds to useful chemicals requires innovative routes meeting environmental and economical criteria. The approach herein pursued is the synthesis of water-tolerant, unconventional solid acid monolithic catalysts based on a mixed niobia-titania skeleton building up a hierarchical open-cell network of meso- and macropores, and tailored for use under continuous-flow conditions. The materials were characterized by spectroscopic, microscopy, and diffraction techniques, showing a reproducible isotropic structure and an increasing Lewis/Brønsted acid sites ratio with increasing Nb content. The catalytic dehydration reaction of xylose to furfural was investigated as a representative application. The efficiency of the catalyst was found to be dramatically affected by the niobia content in the titania lattice. The presence of as low as 2 wt % niobium resulted in the highest furfural yield at 140 °C under continuous-flow conditions, by using H2 O/γ-valerolactone as a safe monophasic solvent system. The interception of a transient 2,5-anhydroxylose species suggested the dehydration process occurs via a cyclic intermediates mechanism. The catalytic activity and the formation of the anhydro intermediate were related to the Lewis acid sites (LAS)/Brønsted acid sites (BAS) ratio and indicated a significant contribution of xylose-xylulose isomerization. No significant catalyst deactivation was observed over 4 days usage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Moreno-Marrodan
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Barbaro
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Stefano Caporali
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, Via Giusti 9, 50121, Firenze, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Filippo Bossola
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Barham JP, Tanaka S, Koyama E, Ohneda N, Okamoto T, Odajima H, Sugiyama JI, Norikane Y. Selective, Scalable Synthesis of C60-Fullerene/Indene Monoadducts Using a Microwave Flow Applicator. J Org Chem 2018; 83:4348-4354. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b03209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P. Barham
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
- SAIDA FDS, INC., 143-10 Isshiki, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0054, Japan
| | - Satoko Tanaka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Emiko Koyama
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ohneda
- SAIDA FDS, INC., 143-10 Isshiki, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0054, Japan
| | - Tadashi Okamoto
- SAIDA FDS, INC., 143-10 Isshiki, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0054, Japan
| | | | - Jun-ichi Sugiyama
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Yasuo Norikane
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
|
46
|
Calcio Gaudino E, Manzoli M, Carnaroglio D, Wu Z, Grillo G, Rotolo L, Medlock J, Bonrath W, Cravotto G. Sonochemical preparation of alumina-spheres loaded with Pd nanoparticles for 2-butyne-1,4-diol semi-hydrogenation in a continuous flow microwave reactor. RSC Adv 2018; 8:7029-7039. [PMID: 35540310 PMCID: PMC9078474 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00331a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel protocol for microwave-assisted alkyne semi-hydrogenation under heterogeneous catalysis in a continuous flow reactor is reported herein. This challenging task has been accomplished using a multifaceted strategy which includes the ultrasound-assisted preparation of Pd nanoparticles (average Ø 3.0 ± 0.5 nm) that were synthesized on the μ-metric pores of sintered alumina spheres (Ø 0.8 mm) and a continuous flow reaction under H2 (flow rate 7.5 mL min-1) in a microwave reactor (counter-pressure 4.5 bar). The semi-hydrogenation of 2-butyne-1,4-diol in ethanol was chosen as a model reaction for the purposes of optimization. The high catalyst efficiency of the process, in spite of the low Pd loading (Pd content 111.15 mg kg-1 from ICP-MS), is due to the pivotal role of ultrasound in generating a regular distribution of Pd nanoparticles across the entire support surface. Ultrasound promotes the nucleation, rather than the growth, of crystalline Pd nanoparticles and does so within a particularly narrow Gaussian size distribution. High conversion (>90.5%) and selectivity to (Z)-2-butene-1,4-diol (95.20%) have been achieved at an alkyne solution flow rate of 10 mL min-1. The lead-free, alumina-stabilized Pd catalyst was fully characterized by TEM, HR-TEM, EDX, IR, XRPD and AAS. Highly dispersed Pd nanoparticles have proven themselves to be stable under the reaction conditions employed. The application of the method is subject to the dielectric properties of substrates and solvents, and is therefore hardly applicable to apolar alkynes. Considering the small volume of the reaction chamber, microwave-assisted flow hydrogenation has proven itself to be a safe procedure and one that is suitable for further scaling up to industrial application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Calcio Gaudino
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, NIS - Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, University of Turin Via P. Giuria 9 10125 Turin Italy
| | - Maela Manzoli
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, NIS - Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, University of Turin Via P. Giuria 9 10125 Turin Italy
| | - Diego Carnaroglio
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, NIS - Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, University of Turin Via P. Giuria 9 10125 Turin Italy
- Milestone srl Via Fatebenefratelli, 1-5 Sorisole 24010 Italy
| | - Zhilin Wu
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, NIS - Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, University of Turin Via P. Giuria 9 10125 Turin Italy
| | - Giorgio Grillo
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, NIS - Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, University of Turin Via P. Giuria 9 10125 Turin Italy
| | - Laura Rotolo
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, NIS - Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, University of Turin Via P. Giuria 9 10125 Turin Italy
| | - Jonathan Medlock
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Research and Development PO Box 2676 4002 Basel Switzerland
| | - Werner Bonrath
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Research and Development PO Box 2676 4002 Basel Switzerland
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, NIS - Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, University of Turin Via P. Giuria 9 10125 Turin Italy
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhao W, Xia L, Liu X. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs): perspectives of industrialization. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce02079a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this highlight, we review the state-of-the-art development of COFs from an industrial point of view in five aspects, including their types, growth mechanisms, synthetic methods, processability and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Lieyin Xia
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Xikui Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Reis MH, Davidson CLG, Leibfarth FA. Continuous-flow chemistry for the determination of comonomer reactivity ratios. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01938f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Continuous-flow chemistry provides an operationally simple and reproducible method for the determination of comonomer reactivity ratios in a single afternoon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus H. Reis
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
| | - Cullen L. G. Davidson
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
| | - Frank A. Leibfarth
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Review on the current practices and efforts towards pilot-scale production of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
50
|
Fuse S, Otake Y, Nakamura H. Integrated Micro-Flow Synthesis Based on Photochemical Wolff Rearrangement. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Fuse
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science; Institute of Innovative Research; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku 226-8503 Yokohama Japan
| | - Yuma Otake
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science; Institute of Innovative Research; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku 226-8503 Yokohama Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science; Institute of Innovative Research; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku 226-8503 Yokohama Japan
| |
Collapse
|