1
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Yang Y, Shang H, Li X, Zhu K, Luan Y. The synthesis of a copper metal‐organic framework Cu
3
TDPAT and its application in a Morita‐Baylis‐Hillman (MBH) reaction. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China
| | - Hailing Shang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China
| | - Xiujuan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China
| | - Kaicheng Zhu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Photo‐electronics Materials and Energy Conversion Device, School of Sciences Xijing University Xi'an China
| | - Yi Luan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China
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2
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Howlett M, Scanes RJH, Fletcher SP. Selection between Competing Self-Reproducing Lipids: Succession and Dynamic Activation. JACS AU 2021; 1:1355-1361. [PMID: 34604845 PMCID: PMC8479773 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Models of chemical evolution are central to advancing origins of life research. To design more lifelike systems, we must expand our understanding of molecular selection mechanisms. Here, we show two selection modes that produce evolving populations of self-reproducing species, formed through thiol-disulfide exchange. Competition between thiol precursors can give clear succession patterns based on steric factors, an intrinsic property. A separate, emergent selection mechanism-dynamic activating metathesis-was found when exploring competing disulfide precursors. These experiments reveal that additional species generated in the mixture open up alternative reaction pathways to form self-reproducing products. Thus, increased compositional complexity provides certain species with a unique competitive advantage at the expense of others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael
G. Howlett
- Department of Chemistry,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J. H. Scanes
- Department of Chemistry,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen P. Fletcher
- Department of Chemistry,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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3
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Schaufelberger F, Ramström O. Activated Self-Resolution and Error-Correction in Catalytic Reaction Networks*. Chemistry 2021; 27:10335-10340. [PMID: 33780566 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the emergence of function in complex reaction networks is a primary goal of systems chemistry and origin-of-life studies. Especially challenging is to create systems that simultaneously exhibit several emergent functions that can be independently tuned. In this work, a multifunctional complex reaction network of nucleophilic small molecule catalysts for the Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) reaction is demonstrated. The dynamic system exhibited triggered self-resolution, preferentially amplifying a specific catalyst/product set out of a many potential alternatives. By utilizing selective reversibility of the products of the reaction set, systemic thermodynamically driven error-correction could also be introduced. To achieve this, a dynamic covalent MBH reaction based on adducts with internal H-transfer capabilities was developed. By careful tuning of the substituents, rate accelerations of retro-MBH reactions of up to four orders of magnitude could be obtained. This study thus demonstrates how efficient self-sorting of catalytic systems can be achieved through an interplay of several complex emergent functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Schaufelberger
- Department of Chemistry, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 36, 10044 Stockholm (Sweden)
| | - Olof Ramström
- Department of Chemistry, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 36, 10044 Stockholm (Sweden).,Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Ave., Lowell, MA, 01854, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, 39182, Kalmar, Sweden
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4
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Lutz E, Moulin E, Tchakalova V, Benczédi D, Herrmann A, Giuseppone N. Design of Stimuli-Responsive Dynamic Covalent Delivery Systems for Volatile Compounds (Part 1): Controlled Hydrolysis of Micellar Amphiphilic Imines in Water. Chemistry 2021; 27:13457-13467. [PMID: 34270124 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite their intrinsic hydrolysable character, imine bonds can become remarkably stable in water when self-assembled in amphiphilic micellar structures. In this work, we systematically studied some of these structures and the influence of various parameters that can be used to take control of their hydrolysis, including pH, concentration, the position of the imine function in the amphiphilic structure, relative lengths of the linked hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties. Thermodynamic and kinetic data led us to the rational design of stable imines in water, partly based on the location of the imine function within the hydrophobic part of the amphiphile and on a predictable quantitative term that we define as the total hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB). In addition, we show that such stable systems are also stimuli-responsive and therefore, of potential interest in trapping and releasing micellar components on demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Lutz
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Emilie Moulin
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Vera Tchakalova
- Firmenich SA, Corporate R&D Division, Rue de la Bergère 7, 1242, Satigny, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Benczédi
- Firmenich SA, Corporate R&D Division, Rue de la Bergère 7, 1242, Satigny, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Firmenich SA, Corporate R&D Division, Rue de la Bergère 7, 1242, Satigny, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
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5
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Schaufelberger F, Seigel K, Ramström O. Hydrogen-Bond Catalysis of Imine Exchange in Dynamic Covalent Systems. Chemistry 2020; 26:15581-15588. [PMID: 32427370 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The reversibility of imine bonds has been exploited to great effect in the field of dynamic covalent chemistry, with applications such as preparation of functional systems, dynamic materials, molecular machines, and covalent organic frameworks. However, acid catalysis is commonly needed for efficient equilibration of imine mixtures. Herein, it is demonstrated that hydrogen bond donors such as thioureas and squaramides can catalyze the equilibration of dynamic imine systems under unprecedentedly mild conditions. Catalysis occurs in a range of solvents and in the presence of many sensitive additives, showing moderate to good rate accelerations for both imine metathesis and transimination with amines, hydrazines, and hydroxylamines. Furthermore, the catalyst proved simple to immobilize, introducing both reusability and extended control of the equilibration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Schaufelberger
- Department of Chemistry, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 36, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karolina Seigel
- Department of Chemistry, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 36, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olof Ramström
- Department of Chemistry, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 36, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Ave., Lowell, MA, 01854, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, 39182, Kalmar, Sweden
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6
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Solà J, Jimeno C, Alfonso I. Exploiting complexity to implement function in chemical systems. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13273-13286. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04170j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This feature article reflects a personal overview of the importance of complexity as an additional parameter to be considered in chemical research, being illustrated with selected examples in molecular recognition and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Solà
- Department of Biological Chemistry
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia
- IQAC-CSIC
- 08034 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Ciril Jimeno
- Department of Biological Chemistry
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia
- IQAC-CSIC
- 08034 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Ignacio Alfonso
- Department of Biological Chemistry
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia
- IQAC-CSIC
- 08034 Barcelona
- Spain
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7
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Zhang Y, Barboiu M, Ramström O, Chen J. Surface-Directed Selection of Dynamic Constitutional Frameworks as an Optimized Microenvironment for Controlled Enzyme Activation. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Mihail Barboiu
- Institut Européen des Membranes, Adaptive Supramolecular Nanosystems Group, University of Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC 047, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Olof Ramström
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Avenue, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Jinghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
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8
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ramström O. Dynamic Covalent Kinetic Resolution. CATALYSIS REVIEWS, SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2019; 62:66-95. [PMID: 33716355 PMCID: PMC7953846 DOI: 10.1080/01614940.2019.1664031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Implemented with the highly efficient concept of Dynamic Kinetic Resolution (DKR), dynamic covalent chemistry can be a useful strategy for the synthesis of enantioenriched compounds. This gives rise to dynamic covalent kinetic resolution (DCKR), a subset of DKR that over the last decades has emerged as increasingly fruitful, with many applications in asymmetric synthesis and catalysis. All DKR protocols are composed of two important parts: substrate racemization and asymmetric transformation, which can lead to yields of >50% with good enantiomeric excesses (ee) of the products. In DCKR systems, by utilizing reversible covalent reactions as the racemization strategy, the substrate enantiomers can be easily interconverted without the presence of any racemase or transition metal catalyst. Enzymes or other chiral catalysts can then be adopted for the resolution step, leading to products with high enantiopurities. This tutorial review focuses on the development of DCKR systems, based on different reversible reactions, and their applications in asymmetric synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Olof Ramström
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Ave., MA, 01854 Lowell, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden
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9
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Serra-Pont A, Alfonso I, Solà J, Jimeno C. An efficient dynamic asymmetric catalytic system within a zinc-templated network. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:7970-7973. [PMID: 31219483 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03958a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced cooperativity leading to high catalytic activity and stereoselectivity has been achieved through a complex network of simple species interacting reversibly. This novel dynamic catalytic system relies on bipyridine-based organocatalytic ligands and zinc(ii) as the template. It demonstrates the effectiveness of dealing with mixtures rather than single species in asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Serra-Pont
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Alfonso
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jordi Solà
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ciril Jimeno
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Dhayalan V, Gadekar SC, Alassad Z, Milo A. Unravelling mechanistic features of organocatalysis with in situ modifications at the secondary sphere. Nat Chem 2019; 11:543-551. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-019-0258-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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11
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Verhoeven DGA, Negenman HA, Orsino AF, Lutz M, Moret ME. Versatile Coordination and C-C Coupling of Diphosphine-Tethered Imine Ligands with Ni(II) and Ni(0). Inorg Chem 2018; 57:10846-10856. [PMID: 30113165 PMCID: PMC6150681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Ligands
that can adapt their coordination mode to the electronic properties
of a metal center are of interest to support catalysis or small molecule
activation processes. In this context, the ability of imine moieties
to bind in either an η1(N)-fashion via σ-donation
of the lone pair or, less commonly, in an η2(C,N)-fashion
via π-coordination is potentially attractive for the design
of new metal–ligand cooperative systems. Herein, the coordination
chemistry of chelating ligands with a diphosphine imine framework
(PCNP) to nickel is investigated. The imine moiety binds in an η1(N)-fashion in a Ni(II)Cl2 complex. The uncommon
η2(C,N)-interaction is obtained in Ni(0) complexes
in the presence of a PPh3 coligand. Increasing the bulk
on the phosphine side-arms in the Ni(0) complexes, by substituting
phenyl for o-tolyl groups, leads to a distinct binding
mode in which only one of the phosphorus atoms is coordinated. In
the absence of a coligand, a mixture of two different dimeric Ni(0)
complexes is formed. In one of them, the imine adopts an uncommon
η1(N)η2(C,N) bridging mode of the
ligand to nickel, while the second one may involve reactivity on the
ligand by the formation of a new C–C bond by oxidative coupling.
The latter is supported by the isolation and structural characterization
of a crystalline bis-CO derivative featuring a C–C bond formed
by oxidative coupling of two imine moieties. The coordination chemistry
of a series of diphosphine-imine ligands (PCNP) to Ni is investigated,
with the purpose of developing systems that present metal−ligand
cooperativity. The ligands bind in versatile ways, adapting to the
oxidation state and coordination environment of the metal center.
Additionally, a dimeric derivative undergoes oxidative C−C
coupling in the presence of CO, resulting in an unusual mixed valence
Ni(II)/Ni(0) dinuclear complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dide G A Verhoeven
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science , Utrecht University , Universiteitsweg 99 , 3584 CG , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Hidde A Negenman
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science , Utrecht University , Universiteitsweg 99 , 3584 CG , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Alessio F Orsino
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science , Utrecht University , Universiteitsweg 99 , 3584 CG , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science , Utrecht University , Padualaan 8 , 3584 CH , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Marc-Etienne Moret
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science , Utrecht University , Universiteitsweg 99 , 3584 CG , Utrecht , The Netherlands
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12
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Sutar R, Butilkov D, Gabriel Lemcoff N, Reany O. New latent metathesis catalysts equipped with exchangeable boronic ester groups on the NHC. J COORD CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2018.1481211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Revannath Sutar
- Department of Natural Sciences, The Open University of Israel, Ra’anana, Israel
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Danielle Butilkov
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - N. Gabriel Lemcoff
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ofer Reany
- Department of Natural Sciences, The Open University of Israel, Ra’anana, Israel
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13
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Schaufelberger F, Timmer BJJ, Ramström O. Resolving a Reactive Organometallic Intermediate from Dynamic Directing Group Systems by Selective C-H Activation. Chemistry 2018; 24:101-104. [PMID: 29149517 PMCID: PMC5836886 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Catalyst discovery from systems of potential precursors is a challenging endeavor. Herein, a new strategy applying dynamic chemistry to the identification of catalyst precursors from C-H activation of imines is proposed and evaluated. Using hydroacylation of imines as a model reaction, the selection of an organometallic reactive intermediate from a dynamic imine system, involving many potential directing group/metal entities, is demonstrated. The identity of the amplified reaction intermediate with the best directing group could be resolved in situ by ESI-MS, and coupling of the procedure to an iterative deconvolution protocol generated a system with high screening efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Schaufelberger
- Department of ChemistryKTH–Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 3610044StockholmSweden
| | - Brian J. J. Timmer
- Department of ChemistryKTH–Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 3610044StockholmSweden
| | - Olof Ramström
- Department of ChemistryKTH–Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 3610044StockholmSweden
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Massachusetts Lowell1 University Ave.LowellMA01854USA
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14
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Ruiz-Sanchez AJ, Higgs PL, Peters DT, Turley AT, Dobson MA, North AJ, Fulton DA. Probing the Surfaces of Biomacromolecules with Polymer-Scaffolded Dynamic Combinatorial Libraries. ACS Macro Lett 2017; 6:903-907. [PMID: 35650888 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Methods to analyze and compare biomacromolecular surfaces are still in their relative infancy on account of the challenges involved in comparing surfaces computationally. We describe a systems chemistry approach that utilizes polymer-scaffolded dynamic combinatorial libraries to experimentally probe biomacromolecular surfaces in aqueous solution which provides feedback as to the nature of the surfaces, allowing the comparison of three globular proteins and a nucleic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J. Ruiz-Sanchez
- Chemical
Nanoscience Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Patrick L. Higgs
- Chemical
Nanoscience Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Daniel T. Peters
- Institute
for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Andrew T. Turley
- Chemical
Nanoscience Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Matthew A. Dobson
- Chemical
Nanoscience Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Adam J. North
- Chemical
Nanoscience Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - David A. Fulton
- Chemical
Nanoscience Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
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15
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Zhang Y, Xie S, Yan M, Ramström O. Dynamic Covalent Chemistry of Aldehyde Enamines: Bi III - and Sc III -Catalysis of Amine-Enamine Exchange. Chemistry 2017; 23:11908-11912. [PMID: 28722305 PMCID: PMC5656824 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic exchange of enamines from secondary amines and enolizable aldehydes has been demonstrated in organic solvents. The enamine exchange with amines was efficiently catalyzed by Bi(OTf)3 and Sc(OTf)3 (2 mol %) and the equilibria (60 mm) could be attained within hours at room temperature. The formed dynamic covalent systems displayed high stabilities in basic environment with <2 % by-product formation within one week after complete equilibration. This study expands the scope of dynamic C-N bonds from imine chemistry to enamines, enabling further dynamic methodologies in exploration of this important class of structures in systems chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of ChemistryKTH-Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 3610044StockholmSweden
| | - Sheng Xie
- Department of ChemistryKTH-Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 3610044StockholmSweden
| | - Mingdi Yan
- Department of ChemistryKTH-Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 3610044StockholmSweden
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Massachusetts Lowell1 University Ave.LowellMA01854USA
| | - Olof Ramström
- Department of ChemistryKTH-Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 3610044StockholmSweden
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16
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Schaufelberger F, Ramström O. Kinetic Self-Sorting of Dynamic Covalent Catalysts with Systemic Feedback Regulation. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:7836-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Schaufelberger
- Department of Chemistry, KTH−Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olof Ramström
- Department of Chemistry, KTH−Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Zhang Y, Jayawardena HSN, Yan M, Ramström O. Enzyme classification using complex dynamic hemithioacetal systems. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:5053-6. [PMID: 26987550 PMCID: PMC4820758 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01823h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A complex dynamic hemithioacetal system was used in combination with pattern recognition methodology to classify lipases into distinct groups.
A complex dynamic hemithioacetal system was generated for the evaluation of lipase reactivities in organic media. In combination with pattern recognition methodology, twelve different lipases were successfully classified into four distinct groups following their reaction selectivities and reactivities. A probe lipase was further categorized using the training matrix with predicted reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
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18
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Zhou Y, Li L, Ye H, Zhang L, You L. Quantitative Reactivity Scales for Dynamic Covalent and Systems Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 138:381-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b11361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research
on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Lijie Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research
on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Hebo Ye
- State
Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research
on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Ling Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research
on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Lei You
- State
Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research
on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
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