1
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Tran MH, Booth I, Azarakhshi A, Berrang P, Wulff J, Brolo AG. Synthesis of Graphene and Graphene Films with Minimal Structural Defects. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:40387-40395. [PMID: 37929137 PMCID: PMC10620934 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a carbon material with extraordinary properties that has been drawing a significant amount of attention in the recent decade. High-quality graphene can be produced by different methods, such as epitaxial growth, chemical vapor deposition, and micromechanical exfoliation. The reduced graphene oxide route is, however, the only current approach that leads to the large-scale production of graphene materials at a reasonable cost. Unfortunately, graphene oxide reduction normally yields graphene materials with a high defect density. Here, we introduce a new route for the large-scale synthesis of graphene that minimizes the creation of structural defects. The method involves high-quality hydrogen functionalization of graphite followed by thermal dehydrogenation. We also demonstrated that the hydrogenated graphene synthesis route can be used for the preparation of high-quality graphene films on glass substrates. A reliable method for the preparation of these types of films is essential for the widespread implementation of graphene devices. The structural evolution from the hydrogenated form to graphene, as well as the quality of the materials and films, was carefully evaluated by Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Hai Tran
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3 V6, Canada
- Center
for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Ian Booth
- XlynX
Materials Inc, 10217
Surfside Place, Sidney, BC V8L 3R6, Canada
| | - Arash Azarakhshi
- Center
for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Peter Berrang
- XlynX
Materials Inc, 10217
Surfside Place, Sidney, BC V8L 3R6, Canada
| | - Jeremy Wulff
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3 V6, Canada
- Center
for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Alexandre G. Brolo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3 V6, Canada
- Center
for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
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2
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Jeong JH, Kang S, Kim N, Joshi RK, Lee GH. Recent trends in covalent functionalization of 2D materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:10684-10711. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04831g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Covalent functionalization of the surface is more crucial in 2D materials than in conventional bulk materials because of their atomic thinness, large surface-to-volume ratio, and uniform surface chemical potential. Because...
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3
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Zhang X, Jing Q, Ao S, Schneider GF, Kireev D, Zhang Z, Fu W. Ultrasensitive Field-Effect Biosensors Enabled by the Unique Electronic Properties of Graphene. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1902820. [PMID: 31592577 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201902820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a critical overview of current developments on nanoelectronic biochemical sensors based on graphene. Composed of a single layer of conjugated carbon atoms, graphene has outstanding high carrier mobility and low intrinsic electrical noise, but a chemically inert surface. Surface functionalization is therefore crucial to unravel graphene sensitivity and selectivity for the detection of targeted analytes. To achieve optimal performance of graphene transistors for biochemical sensing, the tuning of the graphene surface properties via surface functionalization and passivation is highlighted, as well as the tuning of its electrical operation by utilizing multifrequency ambipolar configuration and a high frequency measurement scheme to overcome the Debye screening to achieve low noise and highly sensitive detection. Potential applications and prospectives of ultrasensitive graphene electronic biochemical sensors ranging from environmental monitoring and food safety, healthcare and medical diagnosis, to life science research, are presented as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Qiushi Jing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Shaw Technical Science Building, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Shen Ao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Shaw Technical Science Building, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Grégory F Schneider
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dmitry Kireev
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78757, USA
| | - Zhengjun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Shaw Technical Science Building, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Wangyang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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4
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Tuček J, Holá K, Zoppellaro G, Błoński P, Langer R, Medved' M, Susi T, Otyepka M, Zbořil R. Zigzag sp 2 Carbon Chains Passing through an sp 3 Framework: A Driving Force toward Room-Temperature Ferromagnetic Graphene. ACS NANO 2018; 12:12847-12859. [PMID: 30516956 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Stabilization of ferromagnetic ordering in graphene-based systems up to room temperature remains an important challenge owing to the huge scope for applications in electronics, spintronics, biomedicine, and separation technologies. To date, several strategies have been proposed, including edge engineering, introduction of defects and dopants, and covalent functionalization. However, these techniques are usually hampered by limited temperature sustainability of ferromagnetic ordering. Here, we describe a method for the well-controlled sp3 functionalization of graphene to synthesize zigzag conjugated sp2 carbon chains that can act as communication pathways among radical motifs. Zigzag sp2/sp3 patterns in the basal plane were clearly observed by high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy and provided a suitable matrix for stabilization of ferromagnetic ordering up to room temperature due to combined contributions of itinerant π-electrons and superexchange interactions. The results highlight the principal role of sp2/sp3 ratio and superorganization of radical motifs in graphene for generating room-temperature nonmetallic magnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Tuček
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacký University in Olomouc , Šlechtitelů 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Holá
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacký University in Olomouc , Šlechtitelů 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Giorgio Zoppellaro
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacký University in Olomouc , Šlechtitelů 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Piotr Błoński
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacký University in Olomouc , Šlechtitelů 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Rostislav Langer
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacký University in Olomouc , Šlechtitelů 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Medved'
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacký University in Olomouc , Šlechtitelů 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Toma Susi
- Faculty of Physics , University of Vienna , Boltzmanngasse 5 , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Michal Otyepka
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacký University in Olomouc , Šlechtitelů 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacký University in Olomouc , Šlechtitelů 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
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5
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Lei P, Ding Y, Zhang X, Adijiang A, Li H, Ling Y, An J. A Practical and Chemoselective Ammonia-Free Birch Reduction. Org Lett 2018; 20:3439-3442. [PMID: 29846078 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel protocol for a significantly improved, practical, and chemoselective ammonia-free Birch reduction mediated by bench-stable sodium dispersions and recoverable 15-crown-5 ether is reported. A broad range of aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds is reduced with excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lei
- College of Science , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Yuxuan Ding
- College of Science , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Xiaohe Zhang
- College of Science , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Adila Adijiang
- College of Science , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Hengzhao Li
- College of Science , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Yun Ling
- College of Science , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Jie An
- College of Science , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
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6
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Quantum and electrochemical interplays in hydrogenated graphene. Nat Commun 2018; 9:793. [PMID: 29476098 PMCID: PMC5824792 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of electrochemically gated graphene field-effect transistors for detecting charged species in real time, greatly depends on our ability to understand and maintain a low level of electrochemical current. Here, we exploit the interplay between the electrical in-plane transport and the electrochemical activity of graphene. We found that the addition of one H-sp3 defect per hundred thousand carbon atoms reduces the electron transfer rate of the graphene basal plane by more than five times while preserving its excellent carrier mobility. Remarkably, the quantum capacitance provides insight into the changes of the electronic structure of graphene upon hydrogenation, which predicts well the suppression of the electrochemical activity based on the non-adiabatic theory of electron transfer. Thus, our work unravels the interplay between the quantum transport and electrochemical kinetics of graphene and suggests hydrogenated graphene as a potent material for sensing applications with performances going beyond previously reported graphene transistor-based sensors. Electrochemically-gated graphene field-effect transistors show promise for sensing of charged species in real time. Here, the authors leverage the interplay between electrical in-plane transport and electrochemical activity to explore the sensing performance of hydrogenated graphene.
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7
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Sturala J, Luxa J, Pumera M, Sofer Z. Chemistry of Graphene Derivatives: Synthesis, Applications, and Perspectives. Chemistry 2018; 24:5992-6006. [PMID: 29071744 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The chemistry of graphene and its derivatives is one of the hottest topics of current material science research. The derivatisation of graphene is based on various approaches, and to date functionalization with halogens, hydrogen, various functional groups containing oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus, boron, and several other elements have been reported. Most of these functionalizations are based on sp3 hybridization of carbon atoms in the graphene skeleton, which means the formation of out-of-plane covalent bonds. Several elements were also reported for substitutional modification of graphene, where the carbon atoms are substituted with atoms like nitrogen, boron, and several others. From tens of functional groups, for only two of them were reported full functionalization of graphene skeleton and formation of its stoichiometric counterparts, fluorographene and hydrogenated graphene. The functionalization of graphene is crucial for most of its applications including energy storage and conversion devices, electronic and optic applications, composites, and many others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Sturala
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Center for the Advanced Functional Nanorobots, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Luxa
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pumera
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Center for the Advanced Functional Nanorobots, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Zdeněk Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Center for the Advanced Functional Nanorobots, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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8
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Bouša D, Huber Š, Sedmidubský D, Pumera M, Sofer Z. Planar Polyolefin Nanostripes: Perhydrogenated Graphene. Chemistry 2017. [PMID: 28639289 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Graphene hydrogenation gives an opportunity to introduce a band gap into the graphene electronic structure. Complete hydrogenation may lead to the graphane, a fully hydrogenated counterpart of graphene. However, pure graphane has not been successfully prepared to this day. Here, we show that hydrogenation of single-walled carbon nanotubes by means of Birch reduction leads to graphene-based carbon nanostripes with uniform dimensions. Such a material exhibits interesting electrocatalytic and magnetic properties as well huge potential for hydrogen storage since the weight concentration of hydrogen is 8.78 wt.% corresponding to the composition of C1 H1.22 O0.05 and thus exceeding the theoretical concentration in pure graphane (7.74 wt.%). The obtained concentration of hydrogen is the highest value ever reported for any graphene-based material and significantly exceeds the ultimate goal of the U.S. Department of Energy for a hydrogen storage material of 7.5 wt.%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bouša
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Štěphán Huber
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - David Sedmidubský
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pumera
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic.,Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Zdeněk Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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9
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Pumera M, Sofer Z. Towards stoichiometric analogues of graphene: graphane, fluorographene, graphol, graphene acid and others. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:4450-4463. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00215g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stoichiometric derivatives of graphene, having well-defined chemical structure and well-defined chemical bonds, are of a great interest to the 2D materials research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pumera
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637371
- Singapore
| | - Zdeněk Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague
- 166 28 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
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10
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Dong L, Yang J, Chhowalla M, Loh KP. Synthesis and reduction of large sized graphene oxide sheets. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:7306-7316. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00485k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) can be considered as one of the most visible outcomes of graphene research in terms of large scale production and commercialization prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced 2D Materials
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore
| | - Jieun Yang
- Rutgers University
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Piscataway
- NJ 08854
- USA
| | - Manish Chhowalla
- Rutgers University
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Piscataway
- NJ 08854
- USA
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced 2D Materials
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore
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11
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Zhang X, Huang Y, Chen S, Kim NY, Kim W, Schilter D, Biswal M, Li B, Lee Z, Ryu S, Bielawski CW, Bacsa WS, Ruoff RS. Birch-Type Hydrogenation of Few-Layer Graphenes: Products and Mechanistic Implications. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:14980-14986. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Center
for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuan Huang
- Center
for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department
of Physics, Renming University of China, Beijing 100782, P. R. China
| | - Na Yeon Kim
- School
of
Materials Science and Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Wontaek Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - David Schilter
- Center
for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Mandakini Biswal
- Center
for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Baowen Li
- Center
for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Zonghoon Lee
- Center
for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- School
of
Materials Science and Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmin Ryu
- Department
of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
- Division
of Advanced Materials Science, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher W. Bielawski
- Center
for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Energy Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Wolfgang S. Bacsa
- CEMES-CNRS and University of Toulouse, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, 31055 Toulouse, France
| | - Rodney S. Ruoff
- Center
for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- School
of
Materials Science and Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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12
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Chua CK, Sofer Z, Pumera M. Functionalization of Hydrogenated Graphene: Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Allylic C-H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:10751-4. [PMID: 27496619 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The chemical functionalization of hydrogenated graphene can modify its physical properties and lead to better processability. Herein, we describe the chemical functionalization of hydrogenated graphene through a dehydrogenative cross-coupling reaction between an allylic C-H bond and the α-C-H bond of tetrahydrothiophen-3-one using Cu(OTf)2 as the catalyst and DDQ as the oxidant. The chemical functionalization was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and visualized by scanning electron microscopy. The functionalized hydrogenated graphene material demonstrated improved dispersion stability in water, bringing new quality to the elusive hydrogenated graphene (graphane) materials. Hydrogenated graphene provides broad possibilities for chemical modifications owing to its reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Kiang Chua
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Science, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Zdeněk Sofer
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pumera
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Science, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
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13
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Chua CK, Sofer Z, Pumera M. Functionalization of Hydrogenated Graphene: Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Allylic C−H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Kiang Chua
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Science; Nanyang Technological University; 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Zdeněk Sofer
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague; Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Technická 5 166 28 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pumera
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Science; Nanyang Technological University; 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
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14
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Vejpravova J, Pacakova B, Kalbac M. Magnetic impurities in single-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene: a review. Analyst 2016; 141:2639-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an00248j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A review on magnetic impurities in single-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene: purification and detection of impurities and impurity-induced magnetism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Vejpravova
- Institute of Physics of the CAS
- 182 21 Prague 8
- Czech Republic
| | - B. Pacakova
- Institute of Physics of the CAS
- 182 21 Prague 8
- Czech Republic
| | - M. Kalbac
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the CAS
- 182 23 Prague 8
- Czech Republic
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