1
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Wang Z, Gao H, Wu D, Meng J, Deng J, Cui M. Defects and Defect Passivation in Perovskite Solar Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:2104. [PMID: 38731595 PMCID: PMC11085331 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells have made significant strides in recent years. However, there are still challenges in terms of photoelectric conversion efficiency and long-term stability associated with perovskite solar cells. The presence of defects in perovskite materials is one of the important influencing factors leading to subpar film quality. Adopting additives to passivate defects within perovskite materials is an effective approach. Therefore, we first discuss the types of defects that occur in perovskite materials and the mechanisms of their effect on performance. Then, several types of additives used in perovskite solar cells are discussed, including ionic compounds, organic molecules, polymers, etc. This review provides guidance for the future development of more sustainable and effective additives to improve the performance of solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongli Gao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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2
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Siddiqui A, Sadegh F, Kumar KP, Rana P, Yadav P, Prochowicz D, Singh SP, Akin S. Molecularly Engineered Multifunctional Bridging Layer Derived from Dithiafulavene Capped Spiroxanthene for Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:16213-16223. [PMID: 38528377 PMCID: PMC10995899 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
This study introduces a novel approach centered around the design and synthesis of an interfacial passivating layer in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This architectural innovation is realized through the development of a specialized material, termed dithiafulvene end-capped Spiro[fluorene-9,9'-xanthene], denoted by the acronym AF32. In this design architecture, dithiafulvene is thoughtfully attached to the spiroxanthene fluorene core with phenothiazine as the spacer unit, possessing multiple alkyl chains. AF32 passivates interfacial defects by coordinating the sulfur constituents of the phenothiazine and dithiafulvene frameworks to the uncoordinated Pb2+ cations on the surface of the perovskite film, and the alkyl chains construct a hydrophobic environment, preventing moisture from entering the hydrophilic perovskite layer and improving the long-term stability of PSCs. Furthermore, this conductive interlayer facilitates hole transport in PSCs due to its well-aligned molecular orbital levels. Such improvements translated into an enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.6% for the device employing 1.5 mg/mL AF32, and it maintained 85% of its initial PCE after more than 1800 h under ambient conditions [illumination and 45 ± 5% relative humidity (RH)]. This study not only marks progress in photovoltaic technology but also expands our understanding of manipulating interfacial properties for optimized device performance and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afzal Siddiqui
- Department
of Polymers and Functional Materials, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Faranak Sadegh
- Laboratory
of Advanced Materials & Photovoltaics (LAMPs), Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Konya, Turkey
| | - Kodali Phani Kumar
- Department
of Polymers and Functional Materials, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priksha Rana
- Department
of Polymers and Functional Materials, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Pankaj Yadav
- Department
of Solar Energy, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar 382007, Gujarat, India
- Department
of Physics, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar 382007, Gujarat, India
| | - Daniel Prochowicz
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Surya Prakash Singh
- Department
of Polymers and Functional Materials, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Seckin Akin
- Laboratory
of Advanced Materials & Photovoltaics (LAMPs), Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Konya, Turkey
- Department
of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Konya, Turkey
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3
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Iannace V, Sabrià C, Xu Y, Delius MV, Imaz I, Maspoch D, Feixas F, Ribas X. Regioswitchable Bingel Bis-Functionalization of Fullerene C 70 via Supramolecular Masks. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5186-5194. [PMID: 38311922 PMCID: PMC10910506 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Isomer-pure functionalized fullerenes are required to boost the development of fullerene chemistry in any field, but their multiple functionalization renders a mixture of regioisomers that are very difficult to purify by chromatography. For the specific case of C70, its nonspherical geometry makes its regioselective functionalization more challenging than that of spherical C60. In this work, the supramolecular mask approach is applied for the first time to C70, which is encapsulated in two different nanocapsules to achieve the Bingel bis-cyclopropanation at α-bonds of opposite poles. Based on the tetragonal prismatic geometry imposed by the smaller supramolecular mask tested, the obtained major bis-adduct is completely reversed (major 5 o'clock) compared to bare C70 functionalization (major 2 o'clock). Moreover, by further restricting the accessibility of C70 using a three-shell Matryoshka mask and dibenzyl-bromomalonate, a single regiospecific 2 o'clock bis-isomer is obtained, owing to the perfect complementarity of the mask and the addend steric properties. The outcome of the reactions is fully explained at the molecular level by means of a thorough molecular dynamics (MD) study of the accessibility of the α-bonds to produce the different bis-adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Iannace
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona,
Campus Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Clara Sabrià
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona,
Campus Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Youzhi Xu
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Max von Delius
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Inhar Imaz
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Daniel Maspoch
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig de Lluís Companys
23, 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ferran Feixas
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona,
Campus Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xavi Ribas
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona,
Campus Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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4
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Hou X, Coker JF, Yan J, Shi X, Azzouzi M, Eisner FD, McGettrick JD, Tuladhar SM, Abrahams I, Frost JM, Li Z, Dennis TJS, Nelson J. Structure-Property Relationships for the Electronic Applications of Bis-Adduct Isomers of Phenyl-C 61 Butyric Acid Methyl Ester. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:425-438. [PMID: 38222935 PMCID: PMC10782444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c02353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Higher adducts of a fullerene, such as the bis-adduct of PCBM (bis-PCBM), can be used to achieve shallower molecular orbital energy levels than, for example, PCBM or C60. Substituting the bis-adduct for the parent fullerene is useful to increase the open-circuit voltage of organic solar cells or achieve better energy alignment as electron transport layers in, for example, perovskite solar cells. However, bis-PCBM is usually synthesized as a mixture of structural isomers, which can lead to both energetic and morphological disorder, negatively affecting device performance. Here, we present a comprehensive study on the molecular properties of 19 pure bis-isomers of PCBM using a variety of characterization methods, including ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, single crystal structure, and (time-dependent) density functional theory calculation. We find that the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of such bis-isomers can be tuned to be up to 170 meV shallower than PCBM and up to 100 meV shallower than the mixture of unseparated isomers. The isolated bis-isomers also show an electron mobility in organic field-effect transistors of up to 4.5 × 10-2 cm2/(V s), which is an order of magnitude higher than that of the mixture of bis-isomers. These properties enable the fabrication of the highest performing bis-PCBM organic solar cell to date, with the best device showing a power conversion efficiency of 7.2%. Interestingly, we find that the crystallinity of bis-isomers correlates negatively with electron mobility and organic solar cell device performance, which we relate to their molecular symmetry, with a lower symmetry leading to more amorphous bis-isomers, less energetic disorder, and higher dimensional electron transport. This work demonstrates the potential of side chain engineering for optimizing the performance of fullerene-based organic electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Hou
- Department
of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
- School
of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen
Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K.
| | - Jack F. Coker
- Department
of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Jun Yan
- Department
of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
- School
of Science and Engineering, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518172, P. R. China
| | - Xingyuan Shi
- Department
of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Mohammed Azzouzi
- Department
of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Flurin D. Eisner
- Department
of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | | | | | - Isaac Abrahams
- School
of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen
Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K.
| | - Jarvist M. Frost
- Department
of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Zhe Li
- School
of Engineering and Materials Sciences, Queen
Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K.
| | - T. John S. Dennis
- Department
of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool
University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jenny Nelson
- Department
of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
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5
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Brotsman VA, Lukonina NS, Malkin NA, Rybalchenko AV, Belov NM, Goryunkov AA. Difluoromethylenation of fullerene C 70 provides isomeric diversity and availability of equatorial [5,6]-homofullerene C 70(CF 2). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:16816-16826. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01922a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report synthesis, isolation, and spectroscopic characterization of the novel [5,6]-open C70(CF2) isomer III along with the already known [6,6]-closed and [6,6]-open C70(CF2) isomers I and II. The compounds were...
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6
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Ozturk T, Akman E, Surucu B, Dursun H, Ozkaya V, Akin S. The Role of Pioneering Hole Transporting Materials in New Generation Perovskite Solar Cells. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teoman Ozturk
- Selcuk University Department of Physics 42003 Konya Turkey
| | - Erdi Akman
- Laboratory of Photovoltaic Cells (PVcells) Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University 70200 Karaman Turkey
- Scientific and Technological Research & Application Center Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University 70200 Karaman Turkey
| | - Belkis Surucu
- Laboratory of Photovoltaic Cells (PVcells) Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University 70200 Karaman Turkey
| | - Huseyin Dursun
- Laboratory of Photovoltaic Cells (PVcells) Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University 70200 Karaman Turkey
| | - Veysel Ozkaya
- Laboratory of Photovoltaic Cells (PVcells) Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University 70200 Karaman Turkey
| | - Seckin Akin
- Laboratory of Photovoltaic Cells (PVcells) Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University 70200 Karaman Turkey
- Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering 70200 Karaman Turkey
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7
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Sun J, Li F, Yuan J, Ma W. Advances in Metal Halide Perovskite Film Preparation: The Role of Anti-Solvent Treatment. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100046. [PMID: 34928086 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted significant attention. Since then, the power conversion efficiency has astonishingly reached to 25.5%, situating perovskites at the forefront of all reported solution-processed photovoltaic materials. The research of PSCs has reached a stage where efficiency, stability, and cost need to be simultaneously considered before reaching the threshold for large-scale commercialization. In this article, the recent progress in fabricating high-quality perovskite thin-films adopting "anti-solvent" strategy is reviewed and the established nucleation and crystal growth mechanisms during the treatment process is discussed. In addition, present challenges and further opportunities of the anti-solvent methodology toward efficient and large-scale PSCs are highlighted. The continuous efforts dedicated to the development of anti-solvent treatment for fabricating high-performance large-area devices may pave the way toward commercial applications of PSCs in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Sun
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Fangchao Li
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jianyu Yuan
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wanli Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
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8
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Chen HC, Hung CM, Kuo CH. Synergistic Engineering of Natural Carnitine Molecules Allowing for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:8595-8605. [PMID: 33586960 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Efficient control of the perovskite crystallization and passivation of the defects at the surface and grain boundaries of perovskite films have turned into the most important strategies to restrain charge recombination toward high-performance and long-term stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this paper, we employed a small amount of natural vitamin B (carnitine) with dual functional groups in the MAPbI3 precursor solution to simultaneously passivate the positive- and negative-charged ionic defects, which would be beneficial for charge transport in the PSCs. In addition, such methodology can efficiently ameliorate crystallinity with texture, better film morphology, high surface coverage, and longer charge carrier lifetime, as well as induce preferable energy level alignment. Benefiting from these advantages, the power conversion efficiency of PSCs significantly increases from 16.43 to 20.12% along with not only a higher open-circuit voltage of 1.12 V but also an outstanding fill factor of 82.78%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsieh-Chih Chen
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Ming Hung
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hong Kuo
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
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9
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Akman E, Shalan AE, Sadegh F, Akin S. Moisture-Resistant FAPbI 3 Perovskite Solar Cell with 22.25 % Power Conversion Efficiency through Pentafluorobenzyl Phosphonic Acid Passivation. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:1176-1183. [PMID: 33352009 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202002707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown great promise for photovoltaic applications, owing to their low-cost assembly, exceptional performance, and low-temperature solution processing. However, the advancement of PSCs towards commercialization requires improvements in efficiency and long-term stability. The surface and grain boundaries of perovskite layer, as well as interfaces, are critical factors in determining the performance of the assembled cells. Defects, which are mainly located at perovskite surfaces, can trigger hysteresis, carrier recombination, and degradation, which diminish the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the resultant cells. This study concerns the stabilization of the α-FAPbI3 perovskite phase without negatively affecting the spectral features by using 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl phosphonic acid (PFBPA) as a passivation agent. Accordingly, high-quality PSCs are attained with an improved PCE of 22.25 % and respectable cell parameters compared to the pristine cells without the passivation layer. The thin PFBPA passivation layer effectively protects the perovskite layer from moisture, resulting in better long-term stability for unsealed PSCs, which maintain >90 % of the original efficiency under different humidity levels (40-75 %) after 600 h. PFBPA passivation is found to have a considerable impact in obtaining high-quality and stable FAPbI3 films to benefit both the efficiency and the stability of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdi Akman
- Scientific and Technological Research & Application Center, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Ahmed Esmail Shalan
- Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), P.O. Box 87, 11421, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, Martina Casiano, UPV/EHU Science Park, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | - Faranak Sadegh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seckin Akin
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
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10
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Shalan AE, Akman E, Sadegh F, Akin S. Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Dicarboxylic Acid-Supported Perovskite Crystallization. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:997-1004. [PMID: 33470117 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Defect states at surfaces and grain boundaries as well as poor anchoring of perovskite grains hinder the charge transport ability by acting as nonradiative recombination centers, thus resulting in undesirable phenomena such as low efficiency, poor stability, and hysteresis in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a linear dicarboxylic acid-based passivation molecule, namely, glutaric acid (GA), is introduced by a facile antisolvent additive engineering (AAE) strategy to concurrently improve the efficiency and long-term stability of the ensuing PSCs. Thanks to the two-sided carboxyl (-COOH) groups, the strong interactions between GA and under-coordinated Pb2+ sites induce the crystal growth, improve the electronic properties, and minimize the charge recombination. Ultimately, champion-stabilized efficiency approaching 22% is achieved with negligible hysteresis for GA-assisted devices. In addition to the enhanced moisture stability of the devices, considerable operational stability is achieved after 2400 h of aging under continuous illumination at maximum power point (MPP) tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Esmail Shalan
- Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), P.O. Box 87, Helwan, Cairo 11421, Egypt
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, Martina Casiano, UPV/EHU Science Park, Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa 48940, Spain
| | - Erdi Akman
- Scientific and Technological Research & Application Center, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Faranak Sadegh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Seckin Akin
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
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11
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Regioisomeric α-[70]fullerene-fused lactones: Synthesis, characterization and solubility difference. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Akin S, Sadegh F, Turan S, Sonmezoglu S. Inorganic CuFeO 2 Delafossite Nanoparticles as Effective Hole Transport Materials for Highly Efficient and Long-Term Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:45142-45149. [PMID: 31701749 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The regular architecture (n-i-p) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has attracted increasing interest in the renewable energy field, owing to high certified efficiencies in the recent years. However, there are still serious obstacles of PSCs associated with spiro-OMeTAD hole transport material (HTM), such as (i) prohibitively expensive material cost (∼150-500 $/g) and (ii) operational instability at elevated temperatures and high humidity levels. Herein, we have reported the highly photo, thermal, and moisture-stable and cost-effective PSCs employing inorganic CuFeO2 delafossite nanoparticles as a HTM layer, for the first time. By exhibiting superior hole mobility and additive-free nature, the best-performing cell achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.6% with a negligible hysteresis. Despite exhibiting a lower PCE as compared to the spiro-OMeTAD-based control cell (19.1%), nonencapsulated CuFeO2-based cells maintained above 85% of their initial efficiency, while the PCE of control cells dropped to ∼10% under continuous illumination at maximum power point tracking after 1000 h. More importantly, the performance of control cells was quickly degraded at above 70 °C, whereas CuFeO2-based cells, retaining ∼80% of their initial efficiency after 200 h, were highly stable even at 85 °C in ambient air under dark conditions. Besides showing significant improvement in stability against light soaking and thermal stress, CuFeO2-based cells exhibited superior shelf stability even at 80 ± 5% relative humidity and retained over 90% of their initial PCE. Overall, we strongly believe that this study highlights the potential of inorganic HTMs for the commercial deployment of long-term stable and low-cost PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seckin Akin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Eskisehir Technical University , Eskisehir 25100 , Turkey
| | - Faranak Sadegh
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Division , University of Isfahan , Isfahan 81746-73441 , Iran
| | - Servet Turan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Eskisehir Technical University , Eskisehir 25100 , Turkey
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13
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Akin S. Hysteresis-Free Planar Perovskite Solar Cells with a Breakthrough Efficiency of 22% and Superior Operational Stability over 2000 h. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:39998-40005. [PMID: 31596065 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the transport loss and the ways to improving optoelectronic properties of the charge transporting layers is critical to fabricate highly efficient, long-term stable, and hysteresis-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we report success in suppressing hysteresis and boosting the performance of operationally stable planar solar cells using a ruthenium (Ru) doped tin oxide (SnO2) electron transport layer (ETL) and Zn-TFSI2 doped spiro-OMeTAD hole transport layer (HTL). Apparently, the incorporation of Ru drastically shifts the Fermi level of SnO2 ETL upward, which provides a facile route to tailor the ETL/perovskite band-offset to improve built-in electric fields of devices for improving VOC and electron extraction simultaneously. Meanwhile, rapid injection of the photogenerated electrons from perovskite into ETL with reduced trap density is also observed when Ru doped SnO2 is employed as ETL. On the other hand, the conception of Zn-TFSI2 incorporation into HTL not only further boosts the photovoltaic performance but also prolongs the photostability of the devices. Consequently, a breakthrough efficiency of 22% (average 21.8%) with a JSC of 24.6 mA cm-2, VOC of 1.15 V, and FF of 0.78 has been obtained in planar-type PSCs with a loss in efficiency of only ∼3% at maximum power point tracking over 2000 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seckin Akin
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering , Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University , 70100 Karaman , Turkey
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14
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Li D, Li ZJ, He FG, Geng C, Gao X. Synthesizing 1,23-C60 Adducts with Improved Efficiency: A Type of Stable and Highly Soluble C60 Derivatives. J Org Chem 2019; 84:14679-14687. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Fa-Gui He
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Chao Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
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15
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Hussain M, Chen M, Yang S, Wang GW. Palladium-Catalyzed Heteroannulation of Indole-1-carboxamides with [60]Fullerene and Subsequent Electrochemical Transformations. Org Lett 2019; 21:8568-8571. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Hussain
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Muqing Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shangfeng Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Guan-Wu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
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16
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Mehdizadeh-Rad H, Singh J. Influence of Interfacial Traps on the Operating Temperature of Perovskite Solar Cells. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12172727. [PMID: 31454894 PMCID: PMC6747808 DOI: 10.3390/ma12172727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, by developing a mathematical model, the temperature of PSCs under different operating conditions has been calculated. It is found that by reducing the density of tail states at the interfaces through some passivation mechanisms, the operating temperature can be decreased significantly at higher applied voltages. The results show that if the density of tail states at the interfaces is reduced by three orders of magnitude through some passivation mechanisms, then the active layer may not undergo any phase change up to an ambient temperature 300 K and it may not degrade up to 320 K. The calculated heat generation at the interfaces at different applied voltages with and without passivation shows reduced heat generation after reducing the density of tail states at the interfaces. It is expected that this study provides a deeper understanding of the influence of interface passivation on the operating temperature of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Mehdizadeh-Rad
- College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Darwin NT 0909, Australia
| | - Jai Singh
- College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Darwin NT 0909, Australia.
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