1
|
Wang S, Gai L, Chen Y, Ji X, Lu H, Guo Z. Mitochondria-targeted BODIPY dyes for small molecule recognition, bio-imaging and photodynamic therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3976-4019. [PMID: 38450547 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00456b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for a diverse array of biological functions. There is increasing research focus on developing efficient tools for mitochondria-targeted detection and treatment. BODIPY dyes, known for their structural versatility and excellent spectroscopic properties, are being actively explored in this context. Numerous studies have focused on developing innovative BODIPYs that utilize optical signals for imaging mitochondria. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the progress made in this field, aiming to investigate mitochondria-related biological events. It covers key factors such as design strategies, spectroscopic properties, and cytotoxicity, as well as mechanism to facilitate their future application in organelle imaging and targeted therapy. This work is anticipated to provide valuable insights for guiding future development and facilitating further investigation into mitochondria-related biological sensing and phototherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Wang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Lizhi Gai
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
| | - Yuncong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xiaobo Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Hua Lu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Desiatkina O, Boubaker G, Anghel N, Amdouni Y, Hemphill A, Furrer J, Păunescu E. Synthesis, Photophysical Properties and Biological Evaluation of New Conjugates BODIPY: Dinuclear Trithiolato-Bridged Ruthenium(II)-Arene Complexes. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200536. [PMID: 36219484 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis, photophysical properties and antiparasitic efficacy against Toxoplasma gondii β-gal (RH strain tachyzoites expressing β-galactosidase) grown in human foreskin fibroblast monolayers (HFF) of a series of 15 new conjugates BODIPY-trithiolato-bridged dinuclear ruthenium(II)-arene complexes are reported (BODIPY=4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene, derivatives used as fluorescent markers). The influence of the bond type (amide vs. ester), as well as that of the length and nature (alkyl vs. aryl) of the spacer between the dye and the diruthenium(II) complex moiety, on fluorescence and biological activity were evaluated. The assessed photophysical properties revealed that despite an important fluorescence quenching effect observed after conjugating the BODIPY to the diruthenium unit, the hybrids could nevertheless be used as fluorescent tracers. Although the antiparasitic activity of this series of conjugates appears limited, the compounds demonstrate potential as fluorescent probes for investigating the intracellular trafficking of trithiolato-bridged dinuclear Ru(II)-arene complexes in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Desiatkina
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ghalia Boubaker
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicoleta Anghel
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yosra Amdouni
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.,Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, Institution de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Andrew Hemphill
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julien Furrer
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Emilia Păunescu
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abrahamse H, Hamblin MR, George S. Structure and functions of Aggregation-Induced Emission-Photosensitizers in anticancer and antimicrobial theranostics. Front Chem 2022; 10:984268. [PMID: 36110134 PMCID: PMC9468771 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.984268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosensitizers with Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE) can allow the efficient light-mediated generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) based on their complex molecular structure, while interacting with living cells. They achieve better tissue targeting and allow penetration of different wavelengths of Ultraviolet-Visible-Infrared irradiation. Not surprisingly, they are useful for fluorescence image-guided Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) against cancers of diverse origin. AIE-photosensitizers can also function as broad spectrum antimicrobials, capable of destroying the outer wall of microbes such as bacteria or fungi without the issues of drug resistance, and can also bind to viruses and deactivate them. Often, they exhibit poor solubility and cellular toxicity, which compromise their theranostic efficacy. This could be circumvented by using suitable nanomaterials for improved biological compatibility and cellular targeting. Such dual-function AIE-photosensitizers nanoparticles show unparalleled precision for image-guided detection of tumors as well as generation of ROS for targeted PDT in living systems, even while using low power visible light. In short, the development of AIE-photosensitizer nanoparticles could be a better solution for light-mediated destruction of unwanted eukaryotic cells and selective elimination of prokaryotic pathogens, although, there is a dearth of pre-clinical and clinical data in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Sajan George
- Laser Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, TN, India
- *Correspondence: Sajan George, ,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Upadhyay A, Kundu P, Ramu V, Kondaiah P, Chakravarty AR. BODIPY-Tagged Platinum(II) Curcumin Complexes for Endoplasmic Reticulum-Targeted Red Light PDT. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:1335-1348. [PMID: 34990135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
[Pt(RB)(Cur)]NO3 (RBC), [Pt(IRB)(Cur)]NO3 (IRBC), and [Pt(L)(Cur)]NO3 (PBC), where HCur is curcumin, L is 1-benzyl-2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole, and RB and IRB are red-light-active non-iodo and diiodo-BODIPY tagged to L, respectively, were synthesized and characterized, and their anticancer activities were studied (BODIPY, boron-dipyrromethene). RBC and IRBC displayed BODIPY-centered absorption bands within 615-635 nm along with the respective curcumin bands at 445 and 492 nm in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS). Emission bands were observed at 723 and 845 nm for RBC and IRBC, respectively, in 10% DMSO-DPBS. RBC (ΦΔ, 0.27) and IRBC (ΦΔ, 0.40) generated singlet oxygen in red light (λ = 642 nm) as evidenced from 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) titrations. The formation of 1O2 from BODIPY and HO• from the curcumin was evidenced from the mechanistic pUC19 DNA photocleavage studies. The BODIPY complexes showed photocytotoxicity in A549, HeLa, and MDA-MB-231 cells while being less toxic in the dark [IC50: 1.3-6.9 μM, red light; 7.2-12.8 μM, 400-700 nm visible light]. The emissive RBC displayed localization in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Apoptotic cell death was evidenced from the Annexin-V/fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) assay and green fluorescence in red light in the Fluo-4 AM assay due to ER stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction was evidenced from the 5,5,6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) assay in A549 cells.
Collapse
|
5
|
Ramu V, Kundu P, Kondaiah P, Chakravarty AR. Maloplatin-B, a Cisplatin-Based BODIPY-Tagged Mito-Specific "Chemo-PDT" Agent Active in Red Light. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:6410-6420. [PMID: 33843212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Maloplatin-B, a cisplatin-based complex, namely [Pt(A-BOD)(NH3)2](NO3) (Pt-A-BOD) with a pendant boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) moiety, where HA-BOD is a methyl malonyl chloride derived monostyryl BODIPY ligand, was designed and developed as near-IR light (600-720 nm) organelle-targeting photodynamic therapy agent. The complex [Pt(acac)(NH3)2](NO3) (Pt-Ac) was used as a control. Pt-A-BOD displayed an absorption band at 616 nm (ε = 2.9 × 104 M-1 cm-1) in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide/Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMSO/DMEM, pH 7.2). This complex displayed a broad emission band within 650-850 nm with a λem value of 720 nm in 10% DMSO-DMEM (pH 7.2) upon excitation (λex) at 615 nm with a large Stokes shift. The fluorescence quantum yield (ΦF) value for Pt-A-BOD is 0.032 and for the ligand HA-BOD is 0.24. The BODIPY complex and ligand showed the formation of singlet oxygen as the ROS (reactive oxygen species) on irradiation with near-IR red light of 660 nm, as evidenced from a 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) assay. The complex displayed remarkable apoptotic NIR light-induced PDT activity with half-maximum inhibitory concentration values (IC50) of 1.6-2.4 μM in A549 lung and HeLa cervical cancer cells, while it was less active in the dark. The cellular ROS generation by the complex in red light was ascertained by a DCFDA (2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate) assay. Cellular imaging showed its localization primarily in the mitochondria of A549 cancer cells. The JC1 and Annexin-V FITC/PI assays carried out for A549 cancer cells treated with the BODIPY complex showed the alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptotic cell death on near-IR red light (600-720 nm) irradiation, respectively.
Collapse
|
6
|
Ramu V, Kundu P, Upadhyay A, Kondaiah P, Chakravarty AR. Lysosome Specific Platinum(II) Catecholates with Photoactive BODIPY for Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy in Near‐IR Light. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202001146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanitha Ramu
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
| | - Paramita Kundu
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
| | - Aarti Upadhyay
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
| | - Paturu Kondaiah
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
| | - Akhil R. Chakravarty
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Geri S, Krunclova T, Janouskova O, Panek J, Hruby M, Hernández‐Valdés D, Probst B, Alberto RA, Mamat C, Kubeil M, Stephan H. Light-Activated Carbon Monoxide Prodrugs Based on Bipyridyl Dicarbonyl Ruthenium(II) Complexes. Chemistry 2020; 26:10992-11006. [PMID: 32700815 PMCID: PMC7496190 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two photoactivatable dicarbonyl ruthenium(II) complexes based on an amide-functionalised bipyridine scaffold (4-position) equipped with an alkyne functionality or a green-fluorescent BODIPY (boron-dipyrromethene) dye have been prepared and used to investigate their light-induced decarbonylation. UV/Vis, FTIR and 13 C NMR spectroscopies as well as gas chromatography and multivariate curve resolution alternating least-squares analysis (MCR-ALS) were used to elucidate the mechanism of the decarbonylation process. Release of the first CO molecule occurs very quickly, while release of the second CO molecule proceeds more slowly. In vitro studies using two cell lines A431 (human squamous carcinoma) and HEK293 (human embryonic kidney cells) have been carried out in order to characterise the anti-proliferative and anti-apoptotic activities. The BODIPY-labelled compound allows for monitoring the cellular uptake, showing fast internalisation kinetics and accumulation at the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stepan Geri
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-RossendorfBautzner Landstrasse 40001328DresdenGermany
| | - Tereza Krunclova
- Department of Biological ModelsInstitute of Macromolecular ChemistryHeyrovsky Square 216206PragueCzech Republic
| | - Olga Janouskova
- Department of Biological ModelsInstitute of Macromolecular ChemistryHeyrovsky Square 216206PragueCzech Republic
| | - Jiri Panek
- Supramolecular Polymer SystemsInstitute of Macromolecular ChemistryHeyrovsky Square 216206PragueCzech Republic
| | - Martin Hruby
- Supramolecular Polymer SystemsInstitute of Macromolecular ChemistryHeyrovsky Square 216206PragueCzech Republic
| | | | - Benjamin Probst
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstr. 1908057ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Roger A. Alberto
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstr. 1908057ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Constantin Mamat
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-RossendorfBautzner Landstrasse 40001328DresdenGermany
| | - Manja Kubeil
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-RossendorfBautzner Landstrasse 40001328DresdenGermany
| | - Holger Stephan
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-RossendorfBautzner Landstrasse 40001328DresdenGermany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang ZJ, Wang KP, Mo JG, Xiong L, Wen Y. Photodynamic therapy regulates fate of cancer stem cells through reactive oxygen species. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:562-584. [PMID: 32843914 PMCID: PMC7415247 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i7.562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective and promising cancer treatment. PDT directly generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) through photochemical reactions. This oxygen-dependent exogenous ROS has anti-cancer stem cell (CSC) effect. In addition, PDT may also increase ROS production by altering metabolism, endoplasmic reticulum stress, or potential of mitochondrial membrane. It is known that the half-life of ROS in PDT is short, with high reactivity and limited diffusion distance. Therefore, the main targeting position of PDT is often the subcellular localization of photosensitizers, which is helpful for us to explain how PDT affects CSC characteristics, including differentiation, self-renewal, apoptosis, autophagy, and immunogenicity. Broadly speaking, excess ROS will damage the redox system and cause oxidative damage to molecules such as DNA, change mitochondrial permeability, activate unfolded protein response, autophagy, and CSC resting state. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanism by which ROS affect CSCs is beneficial to improve the efficiency of PDT and prevent tumor recurrence and metastasis. In this article, we review the effects of two types of photochemical reactions on PDT, the metabolic processes, and the biological effects of ROS in different subcellular locations on CSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kun-Peng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing-Gang Mo
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yu Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vaquero M, Busto N, Fernández-Pampín N, Espino G, García B. Appended Aromatic Moieties Determine the Cytotoxicity of Neutral Cyclometalated Platinum(II) Complexes Derived from 2-(2-Pyridyl)benzimidazole. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:4961-4971. [PMID: 32182052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A new family of neutral chiral cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes with formula [Pt(κ2-(C^N))Cl(κ1-(L))], where (C^N) = 2-phenylpyridinate and (L) = 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole (L1) or (N-(CH2)-Ar-(2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole) ligands; (Ar = phenyl (L2), naphthyl (L3), pyrenyl (L4)), have been synthesized and completely characterized. The unexpected κ1 coordination mode of the 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole-derived ligands has been confirmed by spectroscopic techniques and X-ray diffraction. The aromatic moieties on the ligands in the new platinum(II) complexes have a remarkable influence on the cytotoxicity and in the binding mode to DNA. [Pt-L1]-[Pt-L4] complexes internalized more than cisplatin in the SW480 cancer cells even though only [Pt-L1] and [Pt-L2] display high cytotoxicity. 1H NMR and 13P{1H}NMR pointed out that [Pt-L1] and [Pt-L2] complexes bind covalently to dGMP, while the electrophoresis assays and CD experiments indicate that only [Pt-L2] is able to covalently interact with DNA, inducing the same conformational changes in the plasmid DNA as cisplatin. Although the complex [Pt-L4] intercalates into DNA, probably through the pyrenyl moiety, no biological activity is observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Vaquero
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Natalia Busto
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Natalia Fernández-Pampín
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Gustavo Espino
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Begoña García
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ionescu A, Caligiuri R, Godbert N, Ricciardi L, La Deda M, Ghedini M, Ferri N, Lupo MG, Facchetti G, Rimoldi I, Aiello I. Cytotoxic performances of new anionic cyclometalated Pt(II) complexes bearing chelated O^O ligands. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Ionescu
- MAT‐InLAB, LASCAMM CR‐INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie ChimicheUniversità della Calabria Ponte Pietro Bucci Cubo 14C 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
- CNR NANOTEC‐Istituto di Nanotecnologia UOS Cosenza 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Rossella Caligiuri
- MAT‐InLAB, LASCAMM CR‐INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie ChimicheUniversità della Calabria Ponte Pietro Bucci Cubo 14C 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Nicolas Godbert
- MAT‐InLAB, LASCAMM CR‐INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie ChimicheUniversità della Calabria Ponte Pietro Bucci Cubo 14C 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
- CNR NANOTEC‐Istituto di Nanotecnologia UOS Cosenza 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Loredana Ricciardi
- CNR NANOTEC‐Istituto di Nanotecnologia UOS Cosenza 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Massimo La Deda
- MAT‐InLAB, LASCAMM CR‐INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie ChimicheUniversità della Calabria Ponte Pietro Bucci Cubo 14C 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
- CNR NANOTEC‐Istituto di Nanotecnologia UOS Cosenza 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Mauro Ghedini
- MAT‐InLAB, LASCAMM CR‐INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie ChimicheUniversità della Calabria Ponte Pietro Bucci Cubo 14C 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
- CNR NANOTEC‐Istituto di Nanotecnologia UOS Cosenza 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Nicola Ferri
- Dipartimento di Scienze del FarmacoUniversità degli Studi di Padova Via Marzolo 5 35131 Padua Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Lupo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del FarmacoUniversità degli Studi di Padova Via Marzolo 5 35131 Padua Italy
| | - Giorgio Facchetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi di Milano Via Venezian 21 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Isabella Rimoldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi di Milano Via Venezian 21 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Iolinda Aiello
- MAT‐InLAB, LASCAMM CR‐INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie ChimicheUniversità della Calabria Ponte Pietro Bucci Cubo 14C 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
- CNR NANOTEC‐Istituto di Nanotecnologia UOS Cosenza 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ramu V, Gautam S, Kondaiah P, Chakravarty AR. Diplatinum(II) Catecholate of Photoactive Boron-Dipyrromethene for Lysosome-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy in Red Light. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:9067-9075. [PMID: 31268715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The binuclear platinum(II) boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) complex [{Pt(dach)}2(μ-Dcrb)] (DP), where dach is 1,2-diaminocyclohexane and H4Dcrb is a morpholine-conjugated BODIPY-linked dicatechol bridging ligand, was prepared for lysosome organelle targeting and near-IR (NIR) light (600-720 nm) induced photocytotoxic activity. The platinum complex [Pt(dach)(cat)] (CP), where H2cat is catechol, was synthesized and used as a control complex without bearing the BODIPY unit. The complex DP displayed a band at 660 nm (ε = 2.1 × 104 M-1 cm-1) in the red region of the UV-visible spectrum recorded in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide/Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMSO/DMEM, pH 7.2). The complex DP and the BODIPY ligand displayed emission in 10% DMSO-DMEM (pH 7.2) giving an λem value of 668 nm (λex = 650 nm) with a ΦF value of 0.02 for DP and 0.16 for H4Dcrb (ΦF, fluorescence quantum yield). Titration experiments using 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) indicated that the complex DP and H4Dcrb on irradiation with near-IR light of 600-720 nm generated singlet oxygen (1O2) as the ROS (reactive oxygen species). The complex DP showed significant lysosomal localization and remarkable apoptotic photodynamic therapy (PDT) effects, giving half-maximal inhibitory concentration values (IC50) within 0.6-3.4 μM in HeLa cervical cancer, A549 lung cancer, and MDA-MB231 multidrug resistant cancer cells, while being essentially nontoxic in the dark and in the HPL1D immortalized lung epithelial normal cells. The acridine orange assay using A549 cells showed lysosomal membrane permeabilization by the complex DP under near-IR light (600-720 nm). This complex on near-IR light (600-720 nm) activation in A549 cells induced apoptotic cell death, as observed from an Annexin-V FITC assay.
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang S, Bohnsack M, Megow S, Renth F, Temps F. Ultrafast excitation energy transfer in a benzimidazole-naphthopyran donor-acceptor dyad. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:2080-2092. [PMID: 30638236 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05054f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The excited-state dynamics of a donor-acceptor dyad composed of 1-propyl-2-pyridinyl-benzimidazole (PPBI) as donor and the photochromic molecular switch diphenylnaphthopyran (DPNP) as acceptor linked via an ester bridge has been investigated by a combination of static and time-resolved spectroscopies and quantum chemical calculations. The UV absorption spectrum of the dyad is virtually identical to the sum of the spectra of its individual constituents, indicating only weak electronic coupling between the donor and acceptor in the electronic ground state. After selective photoexcitation of the PPBI chromophore in the dyad at λpump = 310 nm, however, a fast electronic energy transfer (EET) from the donor to the acceptor is observed, by which the lifetime of the normally long-lived excited state of PPBI is reduced to a few ps. Enabled by the EET, the acceptor switches from its ring-closed naphtopyran form to its ring-opened merocyanine form. The singular value decomposition-based global analyses of the measured femtosecond time-resolved transient absorption spectra of the dyad and its two building blocks as reference compounds allowed us to determine a value for the EET time constant in the dyad of τ = 2.90 ± 0.60 ps. For comparison, Förster theory predicts characteristic FRET times between 1.2 ps ≤ τ ≤ 4.2 ps, in good agreement with the experimental result.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangqing Wang
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Turksoy A, Yildiz D, Akkaya EU. Photosensitization and controlled photosensitization with BODIPY dyes. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
14
|
Banaspati A, Das D, Choudhury CJ, Bhattacharyya A, Goswami TK. Photocytotoxic copper(II) complexes of N-salicylyl-l-tryptophan and phenanthroline bases. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 191:60-68. [PMID: 30468943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Four ternary copper(II) complexes of N-salicylyl-l-Tryptophan (Sal-TrpH) and phenanthroline bases of general formula [Cu(Sal-Trp)(L)], where L is 1,10-phenanthroline (phen, 1), dipyrido[3,2-d:2',3'-f]quinoxaline (dpq, 2), dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (dppz, 3) and 2-(anthracen-1-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (aip, 4), were synthesized and fully characterized. The complexes were evaluated for their affinity for biomolecules and photocytotoxic activities. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies of complex 1 revealed that it has a square pyramidal CuN3O2 core with the phenolate oxygen of salicylaldehyde occupying the axial coordination site in the solid state. Complexes 1-4 displayed the Cu(II)-Cu(I) redox couples at ~-0.3 V vs. Ag/AgCl reference electrode in DMF-0.1 M [Bun4N](ClO4). A Cu(II)-based weak d-d band ~650 nm and a moderately strong ligand to metal charge transfer band at ~430 nm were observed in DMF-Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.2) (1:4 v/v). The complexes are efficient binders to calf thymus DNA and model proteins such as bovine serum albumin and lysozyme. They cleave supercoiled plasmid DNA efficiently when exposed to 446 and 660 nm laser radiation. They are cytotoxic to HeLa (human cervical cancer) and MCF-7 (human breast cancer) cells showing significant enhancement of cytotoxicity upon photo-excitation with low energy visible light. The complexes are found to kill cancer cells through generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as confirmed by DCFDA (2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate) assay. The apoptotic cell death induced by complex 4 was confirmed by Annexin V-Fluorescein isothiocyanate-Propidium iodide assay. Confocal microscopic images using 4 showed its primary cytosolic localization in the HeLa and MCF-7 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atrayee Banaspati
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India
| | - Dhananjay Das
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India
| | | | - Arnab Bhattacharyya
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Tridib K Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Raza MK, Gautam S, Howlader P, Bhattacharyya A, Kondaiah P, Chakravarty AR. Pyriplatin-Boron-Dipyrromethene Conjugates for Imaging and Mitochondria-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:14374-14385. [PMID: 30376306 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Monofunctional pyriplatin analogues cis-[Pt(NH3)2(L)Cl](NO3) (1-3) having boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) pendants (L) with 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-(4-pyridyl)-4,4'-difluoroboradiazaindacene moieties were designed and synthesized, and their photocytotoxic properties were studied. The Pt-BODIPY conjugates displayed an absorption band within 505-550 nm and a green emissive band near 535 nm in 1% DMSO/DMEM (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium) buffer. Complex cis-[Pt(NH3)2(4-Me-py)Cl](NO3) (4) was used as a control for determining the structural aspects by X-ray crystallography. The mono- and diiodinated BODIPY complexes 2 and 3 showed generation of singlet oxygen on light activation as evidenced from the 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) titration experiments. The cytotoxicity of the BODIPY complexes was tested against A549 (human lung cancer), MCF-7 (human breast cancer), and HaCaT (human skin keratinocyte) cells in dark and visible light (400-700 nm, 10 J cm-2). While complexes 2 and 3 showed excellent photocytotoxicity (IC50 ≈ 0.05 μM), they remained essentially nontoxic in the dark (IC50 > 100 μM). The emissive bands of 1 and 2 were used for cellular imaging by confocal microscopy study, which showed their mitochondrial localization. This was further supported by platinum estimation from isolated mitochondria and mitochondrial depolarization through a JC-1 assay. The photomediated apoptotic cell death was evidenced from flow cytometric assays, annexin-V/FITC-PI (fluorescein isothiocyanate-propidium iodide) and cell cycle arrest in sub-G1 and G2/M phases. The complexes bind to 9-ethylguanine as a model nucleobase to form monoadducts. A mechanistic study on DNA photocleavage activity using pUC19 DNA showed singlet oxygen as the reactive oxygen species (ROS). The combination of photodynamic therapy with DNA cross-linking property enhanced the anticancer potential of the monofunctional BODIPY-conjugates of pyriplatins.
Collapse
|
16
|
López-Marín N, Mulet R, Rodríguez R. Photodynamic therapy: Toward a systemic computational model. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 189:201-213. [PMID: 30396131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We have designed a systemic model to understand the effect of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) on long time scales. The model takes into account cell necrosis due to oxygen reactive species, cell apoptosis through the caspase pathway and the competition between healthy and tumor cells. We attempted to describe the system using state of the art computational techniques (necrosis and apoptosis) and simple models that allow a deeper understanding of the long time scale processes involved (healing and tumor growth). We analyzed the influence of the surface and tumor depth on the effectiveness of different treatment plans and we proposed, for the set of parameters used in this work, an optimum timing between sessions of PDT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N López-Marín
- Group of Complex Systems and Statistical Physics, Department of General Physics, Physics Faculty, University of Havana, La Habana, CP 10400, Cuba.
| | - R Mulet
- Group of Complex Systems and Statistical Physics, Department of Theoretical Physics, Physics Faculty, University of Havana, La Habana, CP 10400, Cuba.
| | - R Rodríguez
- Department of Computational Medicine, National Institute of Nephrology, La Habana CP 10600, Cuba
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
de Campos IAS, dos Santos ER, Sellani TA, Herbozo CCA, Rodrigues EG, Roveda AC, Pazin WM, Ito AS, Santana VT, Nascimento OR, Carlos RM. Influence of the Medium on the Photochemical and Photophysical Properties of [Ru(phen) 2
(pPDIp)] 2+. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201800031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabele Ap. S. de Campos
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar); Rodovia Washington Luís, s/n São Carlos- SP Brazil
| | - Edjane R. dos Santos
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar); Rodovia Washington Luís, s/n São Carlos- SP Brazil
| | - Tarciso Almeida Sellani
- Departamento de Microbiologia; Immunologia e Parasitologia; Escola Paulista de Medicina; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP); R. Botucatu 862, 8° andarVila Clementino São Paulo - SP Brazil
| | - Carolina C. A. Herbozo
- Departamento de Microbiologia; Immunologia e Parasitologia; Escola Paulista de Medicina; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP); R. Botucatu 862, 8° andarVila Clementino São Paulo - SP Brazil
| | - Elaine G. Rodrigues
- Departamento de Microbiologia; Immunologia e Parasitologia; Escola Paulista de Medicina; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP); R. Botucatu 862, 8° andarVila Clementino São Paulo - SP Brazil
| | - Antonio C. Roveda
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Av. Trab. São-Carlense, 400Parque Arnold Schimidt São Carlos - SP Brazil
| | - Wallance M. Pazin
- Departamento de Física; Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP); Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305 Presidente Prudente - SP Brazil
| | - Amando S. Ito
- Departamento de Física - FFLRP/USP; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Av. Bandeirantes, 3900 Ribeirão Preto - SP Brazil
| | - Vinicius T. Santana
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Av. Trab. São-Carlense, 400 - Parque Arnold Schimidt São Carlos- SP Brazil
| | - Otaciro R. Nascimento
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Av. Trab. São-Carlense, 400 - Parque Arnold Schimidt São Carlos- SP Brazil
| | - Rose M. Carlos
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar); Rodovia Washington Luís, s/n São Carlos- SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kue CS, Ng SY, Voon SH, Kamkaew A, Chung LY, Kiew LV, Lee HB. Recent strategies to improve boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) for photodynamic cancer therapy: an updated review. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:1691-1708. [PMID: 29845993 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00113h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BODIPYs are photosensitizers activatable by light to generate highly reactive singlet oxygen (1O2) from molecular oxygen, leading to tissue damage in the photoirradiated region. Despite their extraordinary photophysical characteristics, they are not featured in clinical photodynamic therapy. This review discusses the recent advances in the design and/or modifications of BODIPYs since 2013, to improve their potential in photodynamic cancer therapy and related areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chin Siang Kue
- Department of Diagnostic and Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management & Science University, 40100 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Shie Yin Ng
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Siew Hui Voon
- Project Leadership, Clinical Operations, R&D Solutions, IQVIA, 50480 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anyanee Kamkaew
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Lip Yong Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Lik Voon Kiew
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hong Boon Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kitteringham E, Wu D, Cheung S, Twamley B, O'Shea DF, Griffith DM. Development of a novel carboplatin like cytoplasmic trackable near infrared fluorophore conjugate via strain-promoted azide alkyne cycloaddition. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 182:150-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
20
|
Sahoo S, Podder S, Garai A, Majumdar S, Mukherjee N, Basu U, Nandi D, Chakravarty AR. Iron(III) Complexes of Vitamin B6
Schiff Base with Boron-Dipyrromethene Pendants for Lysosome-Selective Photocytotoxicity. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201701487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Somarupa Sahoo
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; 560012 Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Santosh Podder
- Department of Biochemistry; Indian Institute of Science; 560012 Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Aditya Garai
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; 560012 Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Shamik Majumdar
- Department of Biochemistry; Indian Institute of Science; 560012 Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Nandini Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; 560012 Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Uttara Basu
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; 560012 Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Dipankar Nandi
- Department of Biochemistry; Indian Institute of Science; 560012 Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Akhil R. Chakravarty
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; 560012 Bangalore Karnataka India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
|
22
|
Zhang J, Jiang C, Figueiró Longo JP, Azevedo RB, Zhang H, Muehlmann LA. An updated overview on the development of new photosensitizers for anticancer photodynamic therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2018; 8:137-146. [PMID: 29719775 PMCID: PMC5925394 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), based on the photoactivation of photosensitizers (PSs), has become a well-studied therapy for cancer. Photofrin®, belonging to the first generation of PS, is still widely used for the treatment of different kinds of cancers; however, it has several drawbacks that significantly limit its general clinical use. Consequently, there has been extensive research on the design of PS molecules with optimized pharmaceutical properties, with aiming of overcoming the disadvantages of traditional PS, such as poor chemical purity, long half-life, excessive accumulation into the skin, and low attenuation coefficients. The rational design of novel PS with desirable properties has attracted considerable research in the pharmaceutical field. This review presents an overview on the classical photosensitizers and the most significant recent advances in the development of PS with regard to their potential application in oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Chengshi Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | | | | | - Hua Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Luis Alexandre Muehlmann
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ramu V, Gautam S, Garai A, Kondaiah P, Chakravarty AR. Glucose-Appended Platinum(II)-BODIPY Conjugates for Targeted Photodynamic Therapy in Red Light. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:1717-1726. [PMID: 29400953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Platinum(II) complexes [Pt(L1)(R-BODIPY)]Cl (1) and [Pt(L2)(R-BODIPY)]Cl (2), where R-BODIPY is 8-(4-ethynylphenyl)-distyryl-4,4-difluoro-5,7-dimethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-3, L1 is 4'-phenyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine, and L2 is (2,2':6',2″-terpyridin-4'-oxy)ethyl-β-d-glucopyranoside, were synthesized and characterized, and their photocytotoxicity was studied. The phenylacetylide complex [Pt(L1)(C≡CPh)]Cl (3) was prepared and used as a control. Complexes 1 and 2 showed near-IR absorption bands at 713 nm (ε = 3.47 × 104 M-1 cm-1) and 715 nm (3.2 × 104 M-1 cm-1) in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) (pH 7.2). The BODIPY complexes are emissive in 10% DMSO-DMEM at pH 7.2 with λem (λex, Φf) = 822 nm (710 nm, 0.022) for complex 1 and λem (λex, Φf) = 825 nm (710 nm, 0.026) for complex 2. They generated singlet oxygen (1O2) in red light as evidenced from 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) titration experiments. The singlet oxygen quantum yield (ΦΔ) values for 1 and 2 were ∼0.6 signifying their photosensitizing ability. They were remarkably photodynamic therapy (PDT) active in red light showing significant red light-induced cytotoxicity in cervical HeLa, lung cancer A549, and breast cancer MCF-7 cells (IC50: 2.3-24.7 μM in light) with negligible dark toxicity (IC50 > 100 μM). A significant enhancement in cellular uptake was observed for 2 having glucose-appended terpyridine ligand compared to 1. The confocal microscopy showed significant mitochondrial localization of the complexes as evidenced from the JC-1 assay. The complexes released the photoactive R-BODIPY ligand upon red light-irradiation as evidenced from the mass and 1H NMR spectral studies. Complex 2 is remarkable in satisfying the essential requirements of targeted PDT in red light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanitha Ramu
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Srishti Gautam
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Aditya Garai
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Paturu Kondaiah
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Akhil R Chakravarty
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mitra K. Platinum complexes as light promoted anticancer agents: a redefined strategy for controlled activation. Dalton Trans 2018; 45:19157-19171. [PMID: 27883129 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt03665a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Site-specific delivery and amenable activation of prodrugs are indispensible criteria for designing novel anticancer agents. Platinum based drugs vanguard the chemotherapeutic regimes and over the years significant attention has been paid to achieve more efficacious drugs with fewer adverse effects. The switch from platinum(ii) drugs to the inert platinum(iv) analogues proved advantageous but the new prodrugs still suffered from unspecific cytotoxic actions. Thus the photoactivation of an inert platinum prodrug specifically within neoplastic cells provided the desired spatio-temporal control over drug activation by means of illumination, thereby limiting the cytotoxic events to only at the targeted tumors. This article collates research on platinum complexes which exhibit potential light mediated anticancer effects and provides insights into the underlying mechanisms of activation. Fine tuning of the coordination sphere results in dramatic alteration of the redox and spectral properties of both ground and excited states and the cellular properties of the molecules. This concise article highlights the various light promoted strategies employed to attain a controlled release of active platinum(ii) and/or reactive oxygen species such as photoreduction, photocaging, photodissociation and photosensitization. Such dual action photoactive metal complexes with improved aqueous solubility and versatility are promising candidates for combination therapy which is likely to be the future of anticancer research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koushambi Mitra
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560-012, India.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mukherjee N, Podder S, Mitra K, Majumdar S, Nandi D, Chakravarty AR. Targeted photodynamic therapy in visible light using BODIPY-appended copper(ii) complexes of a vitamin B6Schiff base. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:823-835. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03976j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BODIPY-appended copper(ii) complexes of vitamin B6derivatives localize in mitochondria and exhibit cancer cell selective photocytotoxicity by1O2mediated apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560012
- India
| | - Santosh Podder
- Department of Biochemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560 012
- India
| | - Koushambi Mitra
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560012
- India
| | - Shamik Majumdar
- Department of Biochemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560 012
- India
| | - Dipankar Nandi
- Department of Biochemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560 012
- India
| | - Akhil R. Chakravarty
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560012
- India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tabrizi L. Novel Cyclometalated Fe(II) Complex with NCN Pincer and BODIPY‐Appended 4'‐Ethynyl‐2,2':6',2”‐terpyridine as Mitochondria‐Targeted Photodynamic Anticancer Agents. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Tabrizi
- School of ChemistryNational University of Ireland Galway, University Road Galway Ireland
- Department of ChemistryIsfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Raza MK, Gautam S, Garai A, Mitra K, Kondaiah P, Chakravarty AR. Monofunctional BODIPY-Appended Imidazoplatin for Cellular Imaging and Mitochondria-Targeted Photocytotoxicity. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:11019-11029. [PMID: 28846407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Monofunctional platinum(II) complexes of formulation cis-[Pt(NH3)2(L)Cl](NO3), where L is an imidazole base conjugated to 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) with emissive (L1 in 1) and nonemissive (L2 in 2) moieties were prepared and characterized, and their singlet oxygen-mediated photoinduced cytotoxicity was studied. The 1-methylimidazole (1-MeIm) complex 3 was prepared as a control and for structural characterization by X-ray crystallography. Complexes 1 and 2 showed strong visible absorption bands at 500 nm (ε = 2.7 × 104 M-1 cm-1) and 540 nm (1.4 × 104 M-1 cm-1). Complex 1 is emissive with a band at 510 nm (ΦF = 0.09) in 1% dimethyl sulfoxide/Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (pH 7.2). Singlet oxygen generation upon photoirradiation with visible light (400-700 nm) was evidenced from 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran titration experiments showing significant photosensitizing ability of the BODIPY complexes. Both 1 and 2 were remarkably photocytotoxic in visible light (400-700 nm, 10 J cm-2) in skin keratinocyte HaCaT and breast cancer MCF-7 cells giving IC50 values in nanomolar concentration. The complexes were, however, essentially nontoxic to the cells in the dark (IC50 > 80 μM). Complex 2 having a diiodo-BODIPY unit is nonemissive but an efficient photosensitizer with high singlet oxygen generation ability in visible light (400-700 nm). Confocal microscopy using the emissive complex 1 showed significant mitochondrial localization of the complex. Cell death via apoptotic pathway was observed from the Annexin-V-FITC/PI assay. The formation of Pt-DNA adducts was evidenced from the binding experiments of the complexes 1 and 2 with 9-ethylguanine as a model nucleobase from 1H NMR and mass spectral studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Kausar Raza
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Srishti Gautam
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Aditya Garai
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Koushambi Mitra
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Paturu Kondaiah
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Akhil R Chakravarty
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zimbron JM, Passador K, Gatin-Fraudet B, Bachelet CM, Plażuk D, Chamoreau LM, Botuha C, Thorimbert S, Salmain M. Synthesis, Photophysical Properties, and Living Cell Imaging of Theranostic Half-Sandwich Iridium–4,4-Difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) Dyads. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy M. Zimbron
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Kévin Passador
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Blaise Gatin-Fraudet
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Claude-Marie Bachelet
- Plateforme
d’Imagerie Cellulaire, Pitié-Salpêtrière,
Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Damian Plażuk
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403 Lodz, Poland
| | - Lise-Marie Chamoreau
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Candice Botuha
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Serge Thorimbert
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Michèle Salmain
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|