1
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Mishra NM, Spitznagel BD, Du Y, Mohamed YK, Qin Y, Weaver CD, Emmitte KA. Structure-Activity Relationship Studies in a Series of 2-Aryloxy- N-(pyrimidin-5-yl)acetamide Inhibitors of SLACK Potassium Channels. Molecules 2024; 29:5494. [PMID: 39683653 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29235494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2024] [Revised: 11/18/2024] [Accepted: 11/19/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures (EIMFS) is a rare, serious, and pharmacoresistant epileptic disorder often linked to gain-of-function mutations in the KCNT1 gene. KCNT1 encodes the sodium-activated potassium channel known as SLACK, making small molecule inhibitors of SLACK channels a compelling approach to the treatment of EIMFS and other epilepsies associated with KCNT1 mutations. In this manuscript, we describe a hit optimization effort executed within a series of 2-aryloxy-N-(pyrimidin-5-yl)acetamides that were identified via a high-throughput screen. We systematically prepared analogs in four distinct regions of the scaffold and evaluated their functional activity in a whole-cell, automated patch clamp (APC) assay to establish structure-activity relationships for wild-type (WT) SLACK inhibition. Two selected analogs were also profiled for selectivity versus other members of the Slo family of potassium channels, of which SLACK is a member, and versus a panel of structurally diverse ion channels. The same two analogs were evaluated for activity versus the WT mouse channel as well as two clinically relevant mutant human channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigam M Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | | | - Yu Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Yasmeen K Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Ying Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- College of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - C David Weaver
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kyle A Emmitte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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2
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Jiang Y, Meng X, Zhang J, Wu G, Lin X, Guo S. Photo-induced hydroxypentafluorosulfanylation of alkenes with SF 5Cl and oxygen gas and their further derivatization. Nat Commun 2024; 15:9705. [PMID: 39521769 PMCID: PMC11550833 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 10/30/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluorinated or fluoroalkylated alcohols are common structural motifs in biologically active molecules, natural products, and pharmaceuticals. However, pentafluorosulfanyl (SF5) alcohols, a unique class of SF5 compounds that serve as synthetically valuable building blocks, are difficult to prepare with current methodologies. In this article, we present a single-step, metal-free, and photo-induced hydroxypentafluorosulfanylation of styrenes or α,β-unsaturated esters/amide, producing a series of structurally diverse pentafluorosulfanyl alcohols with up to 89% yields. This reaction is mild and operationally simple, using molecular oxygen as the hydroxy source. The protocol is suitable for a wide range of alkenes, including natural products and drug molecule derivatives. The formed SF5 alcohol units can be readily converted into diverse functionalized SF5 compounds, such as α-SF5 ketones, SF5 diols, and SF5 cyclic carbonates. The potential applications of these SF5 compounds in pharmaceutical and material sciences are vast, making this research a step forward in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyang Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Meng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China
| | - Jiangshan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China
| | - Gang Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China
| | - Xinjing Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China
| | - Shuo Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China.
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3
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Tan X, Li Y, Hao Z, Wang J, Liu X, Liu B, Yuan J, Fang L, Zhou PX, Wang Y. Pentafluorosulfanylation of Acrylamides: The Synthesis of SF 5-Containing Isoquinolinediones with SF 5Cl. J Org Chem 2024; 89:15941-15952. [PMID: 39446016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c02181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
We disclose herein an efficient and facile method for the synthesis of SF5-containing isoquinolinediones with an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter via intramolecular pentafluorosulfanylation of acrylamides using SF5Cl as a pentafluorosulfanylation reagent. The protocol proceeds under mild reaction conditions and enjoys a broad substrate scope, wide functional group compatibility, and high atom- and step-economy. A radical mechanism involving the SF5 radical cascade addition/cyclization of acrylamides is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqiang Tan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China
| | - Yuezhen Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China
| | - Ziyou Hao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China
| | - Jia Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China
| | - Xiangqian Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China
| | - Bingqing Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China
| | - Jianmei Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China
| | - Lizhen Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China
| | - Ping-Xin Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China
| | - Yingling Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China
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4
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Minneci M, Misevicius M, Rozas I. Searching for "Greener" Bioequivalents of CF 3 to Lower its Environmental Impact. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401954. [PMID: 38958040 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Considering the broad use of the trifluoromethyl functional group (-CF3) in medicinal chemistry and taking into account the recent concerns on the negative environmental effects of CF3 containing compounds, we are searching for "greener" alternatives. Thus, different chemical groups (i. e. iodide, fluoride, cyclopropyl, isopropyl, cyclobutyl, 3-oxetyl, 2-oxetyl, methylsulfide, pentafluorosulfide, methylsulfonyl and sulfonamide) have been considered as potential bioequivalents of -CF3 aiming to use them in compounds with therapeutic interest instead of the polyfluoride functionality. Different structural (molecular surface and volume) and physicochemical (electronic and lipophilic) aspects of the bioequivalent functionalities proposed have been theoretically calculated and compared to those of -CF3. Additionally, the corresponding phenyl derivatives carrying these functionalities have been purchased or prepared and their experimental lipophilicity (i. e. LogP) measured using shake-flask experiments and UV-vis spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Minneci
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, TBSI, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Matas Misevicius
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, TBSI, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Isabel Rozas
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, TBSI, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland
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5
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Kucher H, Wenzel JO, Rombach D. Hydrothiolation of Triisopropylsilyl Acetylene Sulfur Pentafluoride - Charting the Chemical Space of β-SF 5 Vinyl Sulfides. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202400168. [PMID: 38691830 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Recently, we suggested liquid and high-boiling TIPS-CC-SF5 (TASP) as a versatile reagent to access so far elusive SF5-containing building blocks by less specialized laboratories under bench-top conditions. The synthesis of non-aromatic SF5 building blocks generally requires on-site fluorination or pentafluorosulfanylation steps employing toxic and/or gaseous reagents. Herein, we underline the versatility of this reagent by reporting a benign bench-top protocol for the synthesis of Z-configured β-pentafluorosulfanylated vinyl sulfides in good to excellent yields (up to 99 %) with exclusive (Z)-diasteroselectivity and broad functional group tolerance. This method exploits an in-situ protodesilylation-hydrothiolation sequence. This so far uncharted class of compounds was characterized by means of NMR-spectroscopy as well as SC-XRD. Furthermore, we suggest the reaction to proceed via a kinetically controlled closed-shell reaction pathway, corroborated by in-silico experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Kucher
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas O Wenzel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David Rombach
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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6
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Yeo HH, Jao YH, Yang FW, Kuo MH, Lee MH, Shiau CW, Chiu HC, Su JC. Discovery of N,N'-diarylurea molecules with activity against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2400047. [PMID: 38687910 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The emergence and global spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pose a serious threat to public health, underscoring the urgent need for novel antibacterial interventions. Here, we screened 18 newly synthesized N,N'-diarylurea derivatives to identify compounds with activity against MRSA. Our investigations led to the discovery of a small molecule, SCB-24, which exhibited promising antimicrobial activity against MRSA USA300. Notably, SCB-24 demonstrated high activity even in the presence of 10% fetal bovine serum and showed excellent selectivity for bacterial over mammalian cells. SCB-24 also showed potent activity against various MRSA strains, including those resistant to second- and third-line antibiotics. Importantly, the efficacy of SCB-24 was inferior to that of vancomycin in MRSA-infected Galleria mellonella larvae. Overall, our findings suggest that SCB-24 has great potential as a new therapeutic for multidrug-resistant S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Yeo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Jao
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Wei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsuan Kuo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wei Shiau
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chieh Chiu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chen Su
- Department of Pharmacy, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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7
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Wang L, Qin W. Copper-Initiated Regiodivergent Chloropentafluorosulfanylation of 1,3-Enynes under Substrate Control. Org Lett 2024; 26:5049-5054. [PMID: 38833632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed regiodivergent chloropentafluorosulfanylation strategy for 1,3-enynes using SF5Cl has been developed. The regioselectivity is dictated by the structural and substitution patterns of 1,3-enynes, enabling facile access to three classes of SF5-containing products: propargylic chlorides, 1,3-dienes, and allenes. The reaction systems involve radical species, where the transfer of a chlorine atom from SF5Cl to a carbon radical is considered the predominant pathway. Diverse types of SF5- building blocks can be synthesized through simple functional group transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Institute of Frontier Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
| | - Wenhui Qin
- Institute of Frontier Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
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8
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Kraemer Y, Buldt JA, Kong WY, Stephens AM, Ragan AN, Park S, Haidar ZC, Patel AH, Shey R, Dagan R, McLoughlin CP, Fettinger JC, Tantillo DJ, Pitts CR. Overcoming a Radical Polarity Mismatch in Strain-Release Pentafluorosulfanylation of [1.1.0]Bicyclobutanes: An Entryway to Sulfone- and Carbonyl-Containing SF 5-Cyclobutanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319930. [PMID: 38237059 PMCID: PMC11045327 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The first assortment of achiral pentafluorosulfanylated cyclobutanes (SF5-CBs) are now synthetically accessible through strain-release functionalization of [1.1.0]bicyclobutanes (BCBs) using SF5Cl. Methods for both chloropentafluorosulfanylation and hydropentafluorosulfanylation of sulfone-based BCBs are detailed herein, as well as proof-of-concept that the logic extends to tetrafluoro(aryl)sulfanylation, tetrafluoro(trifluoromethyl)sulfanylation, and three-component pentafluorosulfanylation reactions. The methods presented enable isolation of both syn and anti isomers of SF5-CBs, but we also demonstrate that this innate selectivity can be overridden in chloropentafluorosulfanylation; that is, an anti-stereoselective variant of SF5Cl addition across sulfone-based BCBs can be achieved by using inexpensive copper salt additives. Considering the SF5 group and CBs have been employed individually as nonclassical bioisosteres, structural aspects of these unique SF5-CB "hybrid isosteres" were then contextualized using SC-XRD. From a mechanistic standpoint, chloropentafluorosulfanylation ostensibly proceeds through a curious polarity mismatch addition of electrophilic SF5 radicals to the electrophilic sites of the BCBs. Upon examining carbonyl-containing BCBs, we also observed rare instances whereby radical addition to the 1-position of a BCB occurs. The nature of the key C(sp3)-SF5 bond formation step - among other mechanistic features of the methods we disclose - was investigated experimentally and with DFT calculations. Lastly, we demonstrate compatibility of SF5-CBs with various downstream functionalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Kraemer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jón Atiba Buldt
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Wang-Yeuk Kong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Alexander M Stephens
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Abbey N Ragan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Soojun Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Zane C Haidar
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ansh Hiten Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Rachel Shey
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Roee Dagan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Connor P McLoughlin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - James C Fettinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Dean J Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Cody Ross Pitts
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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9
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Wenzel JO, Jester F, Togni A, Rombach D. Hydroamination of Triisopropylsilyl Acetylene Sulfur Pentafluoride - a Bench-top Route to Pentafluorosulfanylated Enamines. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304015. [PMID: 38079230 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic access to a variety of aliphatic and vinylic pentafluorosulfanylated building blocks remains a major challenge in contemporary organofluorine chemistry hampering its investigation in the context of medicinal chemistry, agrochemistry and functional materials. Herein, we report a bench-top protocol to access the virtually unknown class of α-SF5 -enamines under mild reaction conditions in good to excellent yields (up to 95 %). This reaction combines the protodesilylation of the commercially available precursor TASP with the in situ hydroamination of HC≡C-SF5 . The on-site use of highly toxic gases or corrosive reagents is avoided, making access to this motif applicable to a wide chemical audience. The excellent E-diastereoselectivity of this two-step cascade reaction is suggested to be the result of the convergence of the fast Z-/E- isomerization of a vinyl anion as well as the isomerization of the iminium ion. The remarkable thermal stability of these SF5 -enamines encourages further studies of their synthetic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas O Wenzel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Jester
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Togni
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David Rombach
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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10
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Paquin P, DeGrâce N, Bélanger-Chabot G, Paquin JF. Synthesis of Substituted Pentafluorosulfanylpyrazoles Under Flow Conditions. J Org Chem 2024; 89:3552-3562. [PMID: 38329971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The development of flow conditions for the synthesis of pentafluorosulfanylpyrazoles is reported. A range of alkyl- and aryl-substituted SF5-alkynes were used in combination with different diazoacetates for this transformation. The corresponding substituted SF5-pyrazoles were obtained in up to 90% yield (average of 74% for 21 examples) as a mixture of isomers (up to 73:27 ratio). Synthetic transformations starting from an SF5-containing pyrazole were also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Paquin
- CCVC, PROTEO, Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
- CCVC, CERMA, Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Nicolas DeGrâce
- CCVC, PROTEO, Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Guillaume Bélanger-Chabot
- CCVC, PROTEO, Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
- CCVC, CERMA, Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jean-François Paquin
- CCVC, PROTEO, Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
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11
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Kordnezhadian R, De Bels T, Su K, Van Meervelt L, Ismalaj E, Demaerel J, De Borggraeve WM. An Extrusion Strategy for On-Demand SF 5Cl Gas Generation from a Commercial Disulfide. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 38051525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report a novel methodology for the ex situ generation of SF5Cl by employing 4,4'-dipyridyl disulfide as a safe commercial reagent, obviating the need for lecture bottles. The method is applicable to certain SF5Cl-involving transformations by using a two-chamber reactor. Moreover, easily applying SF5Cl in different solvents is rendered feasible, while avoiding the use of glovebox techniques. This report also suggests 1H-19F HOESY as a simple and fast stereochemistry indication for chloropentafluorosulfanylated olefins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Kordnezhadian
- Sustainable Chemistry for Metals and Molecules, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, P.O. Box 2404, B-3001 Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium
| | - Tim De Bels
- Sustainable Chemistry for Metals and Molecules, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, P.O. Box 2404, B-3001 Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium
| | - Kexin Su
- Biomolecular Architecture, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, P.O. Box 2404, B-3001 Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium
| | - Luc Van Meervelt
- Biomolecular Architecture, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, P.O. Box 2404, B-3001 Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium
| | - Ermal Ismalaj
- Molecular and Functional Biomarkers, CIC-BiomaGUNE, Paseo Miramon 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Joachim Demaerel
- Molecular and Functional Biomarkers, CIC-BiomaGUNE, Paseo Miramon 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Wim M De Borggraeve
- Sustainable Chemistry for Metals and Molecules, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, P.O. Box 2404, B-3001 Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium
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12
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Witoszka K, Matalińska J, Misicka A, Lipiński PFJ. Moving out of CF 3 -Land: Synthesis, Receptor Affinity, and in silico Studies of NK1 Receptor Ligands Containing a Pentafluorosulfanyl (SF 5 ) Group. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300315. [PMID: 37821725 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The NK1 receptor (NK1R) is a molecular target for both approved and experimental drugs intended for a variety of conditions, including emesis, pain, and cancers. While contemplating modifications to the typical NK1R pharmacophore, we wondered whether the CF3 groups common for many NK1R ligands, could be replaced with some other moiety. Our attention was drawn by the SF5 group, and so we designed, synthesized, and tested ten novel SF5 -containing compounds for NK1R affinity. All analogues exhibit detectable NK1R binding, with the best of them, compound 5 a, (3-bromo-5-(pentafluoro-λ6 -sulfanyl)benzyl acetyl-L-tryptophanate) binding only slightly worse (IC50 =34.3 nM) than the approved NK1R-targeting drug, aprepitant (IC50 =27.7 nM). Molecular docking provided structural explanation of SAR. According to our analysis, the SF5 group in our compounds occupies a position similar to that of one of the CF3 groups of aprepitant as found in the crystal structure. Additionally, we checked whether the docking scoring function or energies derived from Fragment Molecular Orbital quantum chemical calculations may be helpful in explaining and predicting the experimental receptor affinities for our analogues. Both these methods produce moderately good results. Overall, this is the first demonstration of the utility of the SF5 group in the design of NK1R ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Witoszka
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Matalińska
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Misicka
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr F J Lipiński
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Douglas EA, Marshall B, Alghamadi A, Joseph EA, Duggan S, Vittorio S, De Luca L, Serpi M, Laabei M. Improved Antibacterial Activity of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole-Based Compounds That Restrict Staphylococcus aureus Growth Independent of LtaS Function. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:2141-2159. [PMID: 37828912 PMCID: PMC10644342 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The lipoteichoic acid (LTA) biosynthesis pathway has emerged as a promising antimicrobial therapeutic target. Previous studies identified the 1,3,4 oxadiazole compound 1771 as an LTA inhibitor with activity against Gram-positive pathogens. We have succeeded in making six 1771 derivatives and, through subsequent hit validation, identified the incorporation of a pentafluorosulfanyl substituent as central in enhancing activity. Our newly described derivative, compound 13, showed a 16- to 32-fold increase in activity compared to 1771 when tested against a cohort of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains while simultaneously exhibiting an improved toxicity profile against mammalian cells. Molecular techniques were employed in which the assumed target, lipoteichoic acid synthase (LtaS), was both deleted and overexpressed. Neither deletion nor overexpression of LtaS altered 1771 or compound 13 susceptibility; however, overexpression of LtaS increased the MIC of Congo red, a previously identified LtaS inhibitor. These data were further supported by comparing the docking poses of 1771 and derivatives in the LtaS active site, which indicated the possibility of an additional target(s). Finally, we show that both 1771 and compound 13 have activity that is independent of LtaS, extending to cover Gram-negative species if the outer membrane is first permeabilized, challenging the classification that these compounds are strict LtaS inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brandon Marshall
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales, U.K.
| | - Arwa Alghamadi
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales, U.K.
| | - Erin A. Joseph
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales, U.K.
| | - Seána Duggan
- Medical
Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology at the University of
Exeter, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4DQ, U.K.
| | - Serena Vittorio
- Department
of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina I-98125, Italy
| | - Laura De Luca
- Department
of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina I-98125, Italy
| | - Michaela Serpi
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales, U.K.
| | - Maisem Laabei
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
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14
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Schaduangrat N, Anuwongcharoen N, Charoenkwan P, Shoombuatong W. DeepAR: a novel deep learning-based hybrid framework for the interpretable prediction of androgen receptor antagonists. J Cheminform 2023; 15:50. [PMID: 37149650 PMCID: PMC10163717 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-023-00721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance represents a major obstacle to therapeutic innovations and is a prevalent feature in prostate cancer (PCa). Androgen receptors (ARs) are the hallmark therapeutic target for prostate cancer modulation and AR antagonists have achieved great success. However, rapid emergence of resistance contributing to PCa progression is the ultimate burden of their long-term usage. Hence, the discovery and development of AR antagonists with capability to combat the resistance, remains an avenue for further exploration. Therefore, this study proposes a novel deep learning (DL)-based hybrid framework, named DeepAR, to accurately and rapidly identify AR antagonists by using only the SMILES notation. Specifically, DeepAR is capable of extracting and learning the key information embedded in AR antagonists. Firstly, we established a benchmark dataset by collecting active and inactive compounds against AR from the ChEMBL database. Based on this dataset, we developed and optimized a collection of baseline models by using a comprehensive set of well-known molecular descriptors and machine learning algorithms. Then, these baseline models were utilized for creating probabilistic features. Finally, these probabilistic features were combined and used for the construction of a meta-model based on a one-dimensional convolutional neural network. Experimental results indicated that DeepAR is a more accurate and stable approach for identifying AR antagonists in terms of the independent test dataset, by achieving an accuracy of 0.911 and MCC of 0.823. In addition, our proposed framework is able to provide feature importance information by leveraging a popular computational approach, named SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). In the meanwhile, the characterization and analysis of potential AR antagonist candidates were achieved through the SHAP waterfall plot and molecular docking. The analysis inferred that N-heterocyclic moieties, halogenated substituents, and a cyano functional group were significant determinants of potential AR antagonists. Lastly, we implemented an online web server by using DeepAR (at http://pmlabstack.pythonanywhere.com/DeepAR ). We anticipate that DeepAR could be a useful computational tool for community-wide facilitation of AR candidates from a large number of uncharacterized compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalini Schaduangrat
- Center for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Nuttapat Anuwongcharoen
- Department of Community Medical Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Phasit Charoenkwan
- Modern Management and Information Technology, College of Arts, Media and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Watshara Shoombuatong
- Center for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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15
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Mastalerz V, Lam K, Paquin JF. Exploration toward the synthesis of aliphatic SF5-containing compounds using the Kolbe reaction. J Fluor Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2023.110113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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16
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Faber EB, Wang N, John K, Sun L, Wong HL, Burban D, Francis R, Tian D, Hong KH, Yang A, Wang L, Elsaid M, Khalid H, Levinson NM, Schönbrunn E, Hawkinson JE, Georg GI. Screening through Lead Optimization of High Affinity, Allosteric Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 (CDK2) Inhibitors as Male Contraceptives That Reduce Sperm Counts in Mice. J Med Chem 2023; 66:1928-1940. [PMID: 36701569 PMCID: PMC11556300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Although cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) is a validated target for both cancer and contraception, developing a CDK2 inhibitor with exquisite selectivity has been challenging due to the structural similarity of the ATP-binding site, where most kinase inhibitors bind. We previously discovered an allosteric pocket in CDK2 with the potential to bind a selective compound and then discovered and structurally confirmed an anthranilic acid scaffold that binds this pocket with high affinity. These allosteric inhibitors are selective for CDK2 over structurally similar CDK1 and show contraceptive potential. Herein, we describe the screening and optimization that led to compounds like EF-4-177 with nanomolar affinity for CDK2. EF-4-177 is metabolically stable, orally bioavailable, and significantly disrupts spermatogenesis, demonstrating this series' therapeutic potential. This work details the discovery of the highest affinity allosteric CDK inhibitors reported and shows promise for this series to yield an efficacious and selective allosteric CDK2 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik B. Faber
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55414
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Minnesota Medical School – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - Kristen John
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - Luxin Sun
- Drug Discovery Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Henry L. Wong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - David Burban
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Rawle Francis
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - Defeng Tian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - Kwon H. Hong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - An Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - Mazen Elsaid
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - Hira Khalid
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - Nicholas M. Levinson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Ernst Schönbrunn
- Drug Discovery Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Jon E. Hawkinson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - Gunda I. Georg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55414
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17
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Toti KS, Pribut N, D’Erasmo M, Dasari M, Sharma SK, Bartsch PW, Burton SL, Gold HB, Bushnev A, Derdeyn CA, Basson AE, Liotta DC, Miller EJ. Expanding the toolbox of metabolically stable lipid prodrug strategies. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1083284. [PMID: 36686712 PMCID: PMC9852841 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1083284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleoside- and nucleotide-based therapeutics are indispensable treatment options for patients suffering from malignant and viral diseases. These agents are most commonly administered to patients as prodrugs to maximize bioavailability and efficacy. While the literature provides a practical prodrug playbook to facilitate the delivery of nucleoside and nucleotide therapeutics, small context-dependent amendments to these popular prodrug strategies can drive dramatic improvements in pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles. Herein we offer a brief overview of current prodrug strategies, as well as a case study involving the fine-tuning of lipid prodrugs of acyclic nucleoside phosphonate tenofovir (TFV), an approved nucleotide HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NtRTI) and the cornerstone of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Installation of novel lipid terminal motifs significantly reduced fatty acid hepatic ω-oxidation while maintaining potent antiviral activity. This work contributes important insights to the expanding repertoire of lipid prodrug strategies in general, but particularly for the delivery and distribution of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran S. Toti
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Nicole Pribut
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Michael D’Erasmo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Madhuri Dasari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Savita K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Perry W. Bartsch
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Samantha L. Burton
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Hannah B. Gold
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Anatoliy Bushnev
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Cynthia A. Derdeyn
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Adriaan E. Basson
- HIV Pathogenesis Research Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Dennis C. Liotta
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Eric J. Miller
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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18
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Reactions of difluoro-pentafluorosulfanyl-iodomethane (SF5CF2I) with electronically different types of alkenes. J Fluor Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2022.110051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Kraemer Y, Ghiazza C, Ragan AN, Ni S, Lutz S, Neumann EK, Fettinger JC, Nöthling N, Goddard R, Cornella J, Pitts CR. Strain-Release Pentafluorosulfanylation and Tetrafluoro(aryl)sulfanylation of [1.1.1]Propellane: Reactivity and Structural Insight. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202211892. [PMID: 36137228 PMCID: PMC9828730 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We leveraged the recent increase in synthetic accessibility of SF5 Cl and Ar-SF4 Cl compounds to combine chemistry of the SF5 and SF4 Ar groups with strain-release functionalization. By effectively adding SF5 and SF4 Ar radicals across [1.1.1]propellane, we accessed structurally unique bicyclopentanes, bearing two distinct elements of bioisosterism. Upon evaluating these "hybrid isostere" motifs in the solid state, we measured exceptionally short transannular distances; in one case, the distance rivals the shortest nonbonding C⋅⋅⋅C contact reported to date. This prompted SC-XRD and DFT analyses that support the notion that a donor-acceptor interaction involving the "wing" C-C bonds is playing an important role in stabilization. Thus, these heretofore unknown structures expand the palette for highly coveted three-dimensional fluorinated building blocks and provide insight to a more general effect observed in bicyclopentanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Kraemer
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, Davis1 Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA
| | - Clément Ghiazza
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Abbey N. Ragan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, Davis1 Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA
| | - Shengyang Ni
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Sigrid Lutz
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Elizabeth K. Neumann
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, Davis1 Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA
| | - James C. Fettinger
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, Davis1 Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA
| | - Nils Nöthling
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Richard Goddard
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Cody Ross Pitts
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, Davis1 Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA
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20
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Eder T, Buß F, Wilm LFB, Seidl M, Podewitz M, Dielmann F. Oxidative Fluorination of Selenium and Tellurium Compounds using a Thermally Stable Phosphonium SF 5 - Salt Accessible from SF 6. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209067. [PMID: 36018610 PMCID: PMC9826459 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Fluorinated group 16 moieties are attractive building blocks in synthetic chemistry but only few synthetic methods are available to prepare them. Herein, we report a new oxidative fluorination reagent capable of stabilizing reactive fluorinated anions. It consists of an SF5 - anion and a chemically inert phosphonium cation and is exceptionally thermally stable. Accordingly, it was used to generate the SeF5 - and TeF5 - anions from the elemental chalcogens and to prepare the unknown tetrafluoro(phenyl)-λ5 -selenate PhSeF4 - and -tellurate PhTeF4 - from the corresponding diphenyl dichalcogenides. In addition, we show that further derivatization of [PhTeF4 ]- by oxidation to trans-PhTeF4 O- and subsequent alkylation gives access to a new class of trans-(alkoxy)(phenyl)tetrafluoro-λ6 -tellanes (trans-PhTeF4 OR), thus providing an approach to introduce the functional group into organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Eder
- Institute of GeneralInorganic and Theoretical ChemistryLeopold-Franzens-Universität InnsbruckInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 28–3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Florenz Buß
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 28–3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Lukas F. B. Wilm
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 28–3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institute of GeneralInorganic and Theoretical ChemistryLeopold-Franzens-Universität InnsbruckInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Maren Podewitz
- Institute of Materials ChemistryTU WienGetreidemarkt 91060ViennaAustria
| | - Fabian Dielmann
- Institute of GeneralInorganic and Theoretical ChemistryLeopold-Franzens-Universität InnsbruckInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
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21
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Eder T, Buß F, Wilm LFB, Seidl M, Podewitz M, Dielmann F. Oxidative Fluorination of Selenium and Tellurium Compounds using a Thermally Stable Phosphonium SF5‐ Salt Accessible from SF6. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Eder
- Leopold Franzens Universität für Innsbruck: Universitat Innsbruck Inorganic Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | - Florenz Buß
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster: Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Inorganic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Lukas F. B. Wilm
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster: Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Inorganic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Michael Seidl
- Leopold Franzens Universität für Innsbruck: Universitat Innsbruck Inorganic Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | - Maren Podewitz
- TU Wien: Technische Universitat Wien Institute of Materials Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | - Fabian Dielmann
- Universitat Innsbruck Fakultat fur Chemie und Pharmazie Institut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie Innrain 80-82 6020 Innsbruck AUSTRIA
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22
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Chemistry of Pentafluorosulfanyl Derivatives and Related Analogs: From Synthesis to Applications. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201491. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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23
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Mori S, Tsuemoto N, Kawachi E, Takubo C, Tanatani A, Kagechika H. Development of retinoic acid receptor antagonists bearing trans-SF4-alkynyl structure as a linear linker. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Kraemer Y, Bergman EN, Togni A, Pitts CR. Oxidative Fluorination of Heteroatoms Enabled by Trichloroisocyanuric Acid and Potassium Fluoride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205088. [PMID: 35580251 PMCID: PMC9400999 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In synthetic method development, the most rewarding path is seldom a straight line. While our initial entry into pentafluorosulfanyl (SF5 ) chemistry did not go according to plan (due to inaccessibility of reagents such as SF5 Cl at the time), a "detour" led us to establish mild and inexpensive oxidative fluorination conditions that made aryl-SF5 compound synthesis more accessible. The method involved the use of potassium fluoride and trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCICA)-a common swimming pool disinfectant-as opposed to previously employed reagents such as F2 , XeF2 , HF, and Cl2 . Thereafter, curiosity led us to explore applications of TCICA/KF as a more general approach to the synthesis of fluorinated Group 15, 16, and 17 heteroatoms in organic scaffolds; this, in turn, prompted SC-XRD, VT-NMR, computational, and physical organic studies. Ultimately, it was discovered that TCICA/KF can be used to synthesize SF5 Cl, enabling SF5 chemistry in an unexpected way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Kraemer
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, Davis1 Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA
| | - Emily Nicole Bergman
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, Davis1 Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA
| | - Antonio Togni
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH ZürichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 1ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Cody Ross Pitts
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, Davis1 Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA
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25
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Taponard A, Jarrosson T, Khrouz L, Médebielle M, Broggi J, Tlili A. Metal-Free SF 6 Activation: A New SF 5 -Based Reagent Enables Deoxyfluorination and Pentafluorosulfanylation Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204623. [PMID: 35471641 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The activation of SF6 , a potent greenhouse gas, under metal-free and visible light conditions is reported. Herein, mechanistic investigations including EPR spectroscopy, NMR studies and cyclic voltammetry allowed the rational design of a new fluorinating reagent which was synthesized from the 2-electron activation of SF6 with commercially available TDAE. This new SF5 -based reagent was efficiently employed for the deoxyfluorination of CO2 and the fluorinative desulfurization of CS2 allowing the formation of useful fluorinated amines. Moreover, for the first time we demonstrated that our SF5 -based reagent could afford the mild generation of Cl-SF5 gas. This finding was exploited for the chloro-pentafluorosulfanylation of alkynes and alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Taponard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, CPE-Lyon, INSA, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Tristan Jarrosson
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, CPE-Lyon, INSA, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lhoussain Khrouz
- ENSL, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon, France
| | - Maurice Médebielle
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, CPE-Lyon, INSA, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Julie Broggi
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR)ICR UMR 7273, Faculty of Pharmacy, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Anis Tlili
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, CPE-Lyon, INSA, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
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26
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Kraemer Y, Bergman EN, Togni A, Pitts CR. Oxidative Fluorination of Heteroatoms Enabled by Trichloroisocyanuric Acid and Potassium Fluoride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Kraemer
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Davis 1 Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Emily Nicole Bergman
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Davis 1 Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Antonio Togni
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Cody Ross Pitts
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Davis 1 Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
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27
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Magre M, Ni S, Cornella J. (Hetero)aryl-S VI Fluorides: Synthetic Development and Opportunities. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200904. [PMID: 35303387 PMCID: PMC9322316 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
(Hetero)arylsulfur compounds where the S atom is in the oxidation state VI represent a large percentage of the molecular functionalities present in organic chemistry. More specifically, (hetero)aryl-SVI fluorides have recently received enormous attention because of their potential as chemical biology probes, as a result of their reactivity in a simple, modular, and efficient manner. Whereas the synthesis and application of the level 1 fluorination at SVI atoms (sulfonyl and sulfonimidoyl fluorides) have been widely studied and reviewed, the synthetic strategies towards higher levels of fluorination (levels 2 to 5) are somewhat more limited. This Minireview evaluates and summarizes the progress in the synthesis of highly fluorinated aryl-SVI compounds at all levels, discussing synthetic strategies, reactivity, the advantages and disadvantages of the synthetic procedures, the proposed mechanisms, and the potential upcoming opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Magre
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Shengyang Ni
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
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28
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Xie Y, Iwata J, Matsumoto T, Yamada NL, Nemoto F, Seto H, Nishino T. Hydrophobicity of the Pentafluorosulfanyl Group in Side Chains of Polymethacrylates by Evaluation with Surface Free Energy and Neutron Reflectivity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:6472-6480. [PMID: 35544954 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A hydrophobic surface or coating is required for surface protection, anti-fouling, adhesion, and other applications. For the achievements of hydrophobic properties, fluorine-based coatings, such as the introduction of trifluoromethyl or difluoromethylene groups, are conventionally employed. Recent developments in synthetic chemistry have indicated other organic fluoroalkyl groups that are suitable for achieving a more hydrophobic surface. In this study, we focused on the hydrophobic properties of the pentafluorosulfanyl (-SF5) group. We synthesized polymethacrylates with -SF5 groups or other functional groups (-CF3, -CH3, and -H) in their side chains and evaluated their hydrophobicity based on contact angles of water and ethylene glycol and the affinities of their films to water through neutron reflectivity measurements to demonstrate the superior hydrophobic properties of the -SF5 group. The water contact angle on the polymethacrylate film with -SF5 groups was larger, which suggested that the surface free energy was lower than that of the other polymethacrylate thin films with pendant side chains of -CF3, -CH3, and -H. In addition, the fitting analyses of the neutron reflectivity profiles of the thin polymer films in contact with air and water revealed the lowest affinity between water and the surface of polymethacrylate films with -SF5 groups among the films of the synthesized polymers. Thus, we demonstrated the potential of pentafluorosulfanyl groups as advanced hydrophobic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Xie
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokko, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Jun Iwata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokko, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokko, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Norifumi L Yamada
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 203-1 Shirakata, Tokai 319-1106, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Fumiya Nemoto
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 203-1 Shirakata, Tokai 319-1106, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy, 1-10-20 Hashirimizu, Yokosuka 239-8686, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Seto
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 203-1 Shirakata, Tokai 319-1106, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishino
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokko, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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29
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Taponard A, Jarrosson T, Khrouz L, Médebielle M, Broggi J, Tlili A. Metal‐Free SF
6
Activation: A New SF
5
‐Based Reagent Enables Deoxyfluorination and Pentafluorosulfanylation Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Taponard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246) Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, CPE-Lyon, INSA 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Tristan Jarrosson
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246) Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, CPE-Lyon, INSA 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Lhoussain Khrouz
- ENSL, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182 46 allée d'Italie 69364 Lyon France
| | - Maurice Médebielle
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246) Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, CPE-Lyon, INSA 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Julie Broggi
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR)ICR UMR 7273 Faculty of Pharmacy 27 Bd Jean Moulin 13385 Marseille France
| | - Anis Tlili
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246) Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, CPE-Lyon, INSA 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
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30
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Jose A, Guest D, LeGay R, Tizzard GJ, Coles SJ, Derveni M, Wright E, Marrison L, Lee AA, Morris A, Robinson M, von Delft F, Fearon D, Koekemoer L, Matviuk T, Aimon A, Schofield CJ, Malla TR, London N, Greenland BW, Bagley MC, Spencer J, The Covid Moonshot Consortium. Expanding the Repertoire of Low-Molecular-Weight Pentafluorosulfanyl-Substituted Scaffolds. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202100641. [PMID: 35191598 PMCID: PMC9305131 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The pentafluorosulfanyl (-SF5 ) functional group is of increasing interest as a bioisostere in medicinal chemistry. A library of SF5 -containing compounds, including amide, isoxazole, and oxindole derivatives, was synthesised using a range of solution-based and solventless methods, including microwave and ball-mill techniques. The library was tested against targets including human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (HDHODH). A subsequent focused approach led to synthesis of analogues of the clinically used disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), Teriflunomide and Leflunomide, considered for potential COVID-19 use, where SF5 bioisostere deployment led to improved inhibition of HDHODH compared with the parent drugs. The results demonstrate the utility of the SF5 group in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arathy Jose
- Chemistry DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences, FalmerBrightonBN1 9QJUK
| | - Daniel Guest
- Chemistry DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences, FalmerBrightonBN1 9QJUK
| | - Remi LeGay
- Normandie UniversitéLaboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et ThioorganiqueLCMT UMR 6507 ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS6 Bd. Du Marechal Juin, 14050CaenFrance
| | - Graham J. Tizzard
- National Crystallography Service, School of ChemistryUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Simon J. Coles
- National Crystallography Service, School of ChemistryUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | | | - Edward Wright
- BiochemistrySchool of Life Sciences, FalmerBrightonBN1 9QGUK
| | - Lester Marrison
- eMolecules, 3430Carmel Mountain Road, Suite 250San DiegoCA 92121USA
| | - Alpha A. Lee
- PostEra Inc., 2 Embarcadero CentreSan FrancisoCA 94111USA
| | - Aaron Morris
- PostEra Inc., 2 Embarcadero CentreSan FrancisoCA 94111USA
| | - Matt Robinson
- PostEra Inc., 2 Embarcadero CentreSan FrancisoCA 94111USA
| | - Frank von Delft
- Diamond Light Source (DLS)Harwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOX11 0DEUK
- Centre of Medicines Discovery (CMD)University of OxfordDepartment of BiochemistryOxfordOX1 3QUUK
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland Park2006South Africa
| | - Daren Fearon
- Diamond Light Source (DLS)Harwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOX11 0DEUK
| | - Lizbé Koekemoer
- Centre of Medicines Discovery (CMD)University of OxfordDepartment of BiochemistryOxfordOX1 3QUUK
| | | | - Anthony Aimon
- Diamond Light Source (DLS)Harwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOX11 0DEUK
| | - Christopher J. Schofield
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryThe Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, 12 Mansfield RoadOX1 3TAOxfordUK
| | - Tika R. Malla
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryThe Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, 12 Mansfield RoadOX1 3TAOxfordUK
| | - Nir London
- Department of Chemical and Structural BiologyWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot76100Israel
| | | | - Mark C. Bagley
- Chemistry DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences, FalmerBrightonBN1 9QJUK
| | - John Spencer
- Chemistry DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences, FalmerBrightonBN1 9QJUK
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31
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Magre M, Ni S, Cornella J. (Hetero)aryl‒S(VI) Fluorides: Synthetic Development and Opportunities. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Magre
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kohlenforschung Organometallic Chemistry Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1Muelheim an der Ruhr 45470 Muelheim an der Ruhr GERMANY
| | - Shengyang Ni
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kohlenforschung Organometallic Chemistry Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1Muelheim an der Ruhr 45470 Muelheim an der Ruhr GERMANY
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Organometallic Chemistry Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr GERMANY
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32
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Yamane D, Onitsuka S, Re S, Isogai H, Hamada R, Hiramoto T, Kawanishi E, Mizuguchi K, Shindo N, Ojida A. Selective covalent targeting of SARS-CoV-2 main protease by enantiopure chlorofluoroacetamide. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3027-3034. [PMID: 35432850 PMCID: PMC8905997 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06596c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated the development of antiviral agents against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The main protease (Mpro) is a promising target for COVID-19 treatment. Here, we report an irreversible SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitor possessing chlorofluoroacetamide (CFA) as a warhead for the covalent modification of Mpro. Ugi multicomponent reaction using chlorofluoroacetic acid enabled the rapid synthesis of dipeptidic CFA derivatives that identified 18 as a potent inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Among the four stereoisomers, (R,R)-18 exhibited a markedly higher inhibitory activity against Mpro than the other isomers. Reaction kinetics and computational docking studies suggest that the R configuration of the CFA warhead is crucial for the rapid covalent inhibition of Mpro. Our findings highlight the prominent influence of the CFA chirality on the covalent modification of proteinous cysteines and provide the basis for improving the potency and selectivity of CFA-based covalent inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Yamane
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
| | - Satsuki Onitsuka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
| | - Suyong Re
- Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki Osaka 567-0085 Japan
| | - Hikaru Isogai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
| | - Rui Hamada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
| | - Tadanari Hiramoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
| | - Eiji Kawanishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
| | - Kenji Mizuguchi
- Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki Osaka 567-0085 Japan
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Naoya Shindo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
| | - Akio Ojida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
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33
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Mustafa M, Winum JY. The importance of sulfur-containing motifs in drug design and discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2022; 17:501-512. [PMID: 35193437 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2022.2044783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sulfur-containing functional groups are privileged motifs that occur in various pharmacologically effective substances and several natural products. Various functionalities are found with a sulfur atom at diverse oxidation states, as illustrated by thioether, sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfonamide, sulfamate, and sulfamide functions. They are valuable scaffolds in the field of medicinal chemistry and are part of a large array of approved drugs and clinical candidates. AREA COVERED Herein, the authors review the current research on the development of organosulfur-based drug discovery. This article also covers details of their roles in the new lead compounds reported in the literature over the past five years 2017-2021. EXPERT OPINION Given its prominent role in medicinal chemistry and its importance in drug discovery, sulfur has attracted continuing interest and has been used in the design of various valuable compounds that demonstrate a variety of biological and pharmacological feature activities. Overall, sulfur's role in medicinal chemistry continues to grow. However, many sulfur functionalities remain underused in small-molecule drug discovery and deserve special attention in the armamentarium for treating diverse diseases. Research efforts are also still required for the development of a synthetic methodology for direct access to these functions and late-stage functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhamad Mustafa
- IBMM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya Unuversity, Minia, Egypt
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34
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Haufe G. Synthesis and application of pentafluorosulfanylation reagents and derived aliphatic SF5-containing building blocks. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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35
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Le TV, Daugulis O. In situ ortho-lithiation/functionalization of pentafluorosulfanyl arenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:537-540. [PMID: 34908042 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06140b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A general method for ortho-functionalization of pentafluorosulfanyl arenes has been developed. ortho-Lithiation with lithium tetramethylpiperidide at -60 °C in the presence of silicon, germanium, and tin electrophiles affords trapped products in moderate to high yields. Precise temperature regimes and the presence of electrophiles during lithiation are important for successful reactions, since the pentafluorosulfanyl group acts as a competent leaving group at temperatures above -40 °C. Fluoro, bromo, iodo, enolizable keto, cyano, ester, amide, and unsubstituted amino functionalities are compatible with the reaction conditions. Conversion of 2-dimethylsilylpentafluorosulfanyl benzene to 2-halosubstituted derivatives, useful as starting materials in cross-coupling chemistry, was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh V Le
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, USA.
| | - Olafs Daugulis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, USA.
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36
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Prinz C, Starke L, Ramspoth TF, Kerkering J, Martos Riaño V, Paul J, Neuenschwander M, Oder A, Radetzki S, Adelhoefer S, Ramos Delgado P, Aravina M, Millward JM, Fillmer A, Paul F, Siffrin V, von Kries JP, Niendorf T, Nazaré M, Waiczies S. Pentafluorosulfanyl (SF 5) as a Superior 19F Magnetic Resonance Reporter Group: Signal Detection and Biological Activity of Teriflunomide Derivatives. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3948-3956. [PMID: 34666481 PMCID: PMC8630787 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine (19F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is severely limited by a low signal-to noise ratio (SNR), and tapping it for 19F drug detection in vivo still poses a significant challenge. However, it bears the potential for label-free theranostic imaging. Recently, we detected the fluorinated dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor teriflunomide (TF) noninvasively in an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS) using 19F MR spectroscopy (MRS). In the present study, we probed distinct modifications to the CF3 group of TF to improve its SNR. This revealed SF5 as a superior alternative to the CF3 group. The value of the SF5 bioisostere as a 19F MRI reporter group within a biological or pharmacological context is by far underexplored. Here, we compared the biological and pharmacological activities of different TF derivatives and their 19F MR properties (chemical shift and relaxation times). The 19F MR SNR efficiency of three MRI methods revealed that SF5-substituted TF has the highest 19F MR SNR efficiency in combination with an ultrashort echo-time (UTE) MRI method. Chemical modifications did not reduce pharmacological or biological activity as shown in the in vitro dihydroorotate dehydrogenase enzyme and T cell proliferation assays. Instead, SF5-substituted TF showed an improved capacity to inhibit T cell proliferation, indicating better anti-inflammatory activity and its suitability as a viable bioisostere in this context. This study proposes SF5 as a novel superior 19F MR reporter group for the MS drug teriflunomide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Prinz
- Berlin
Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max
Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße
10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Experimental
and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center
for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ludger Starke
- Berlin
Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max
Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße
10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tizian-Frank Ramspoth
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare
Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Janis Kerkering
- Experimental
and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center
for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vera Martos Riaño
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare
Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jérôme Paul
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare
Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Neuenschwander
- Screening
Unit, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare
Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Oder
- Screening
Unit, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare
Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Silke Radetzki
- Screening
Unit, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare
Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Siegfried Adelhoefer
- Berlin
Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max
Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße
10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paula Ramos Delgado
- Berlin
Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max
Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße
10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Experimental
and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center
for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mariya Aravina
- Berlin
Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max
Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße
10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jason M. Millward
- Berlin
Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max
Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße
10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Experimental
and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center
for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ariane Fillmer
- Physikalisch-Technische
Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestraße 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Experimental
and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center
for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Charité
− Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie
Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin,
and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Siffrin
- Experimental
and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center
for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens-Peter von Kries
- Screening
Unit, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare
Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Berlin
Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max
Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße
10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Experimental
and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center
for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc Nazaré
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare
Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonia Waiczies
- Berlin
Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max
Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße
10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Experimental
and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center
for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
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37
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McNaughton DA, Macreadie LK, Gale PA. Acridinone-based anion transporters. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:9659-9674. [PMID: 34515286 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01545a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The arrangement of hydrogen bond donors around a central lipophilic scaffold has proven to be a successful strategy in the development of potent chloride transporters. In this work, we revisit an acridinone 1,9-bis(thio)urea motif which had previously shown promise as an anion sensor and expand the series of compounds by appending a variety of electron-withdrawing groups to the peripheral phenyl moieties. High levels of activity were achieved by the most effective compounds in the series, which facilitated strictly electroneutral transport.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren K Macreadie
- School of Chemistry (F11), The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Philip A Gale
- School of Chemistry (F11), The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. .,The University of Sydney Nano Institute (SydneyNano), The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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38
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Noonikara-Poyil A, Muñoz-Castro A, Boretskyi A, Mykhailiuk PK, Dias HVR. When SF 5 outplays CF 3: effects of pentafluorosulfanyl decorated scorpionates on copper. Chem Sci 2021; 12:14618-14623. [PMID: 34881014 PMCID: PMC8580053 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04846e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyfluorinated, electron-withdrawing, and sterically demanding supporting ligands are of significant value in chemistry. Here we report the assembly and use of a bis(pyrazolyl)borate, [Ph2B(3-(SF5)Pz)2]- that combines all such features, and involves underutilized pentafluorosulfanyl substituents. The ethylene and carbonyl chemistry of copper(i) supported by [Ph2B(3-(SF5)Pz)2]-, a comparison to the trifluoromethylated counterparts involving [Ph2B(3-(CF3)Pz)2]-, as well as copper catalyzed cyclopropanation of styrene with ethyl diazoacetate and CF3CHN2 are presented. The results from cyclopropanation show that SF5 groups dramatically improved the yields and stereoselectivity compared to the CF3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Noonikara-Poyil
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX 76019 USA
| | - Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Grupo de Química Inorgánica y Materiales Moleculares, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autonoma de Chile El Llano Subercaseaux 2801 Santiago Chile
| | | | - Pavel K Mykhailiuk
- Enamine Ltd Chervonotkatska 78 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- Chemistry Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Volodymyrska 64 01601 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - H V Rasika Dias
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX 76019 USA
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39
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Gilbert A, Langowski P, Paquin JF. Synthesis of N-(2-SF5-ethyl)amines and impact of the SF5 substituent on their basicity and lipophilicity. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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40
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Feng FF, Ma JA, Cahard D. Radical 1,5-Chloropentafluorosulfanylation of Unactivated Vinylcyclopropanes and Transformation into α-SF 5 Ketones. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13808-13816. [PMID: 34514785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The radical 1,5-chloropentafluorosulfanylation of vinyl cyclopropanes (VCPs) initiated by Et3B/O2 affords allylic pentafluorosulfanyl/homoallylic chloride products through the ring-strain release of the cyclopropane. The VCP substitution pattern was investigated. The utility of this reaction was illustrated in post-transformation of the C═C bond by ozonolysis, giving access to valuable α-SF5 carbonyl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Feng
- UMR 6014 CNRS COBRA, Normandie Université, INSA Rouen, 1 rue Tesnière, Mont Saint Aignan 76821, France.,Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jun-An Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Dominique Cahard
- UMR 6014 CNRS COBRA, Normandie Université, INSA Rouen, 1 rue Tesnière, Mont Saint Aignan 76821, France
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41
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Oliva P, Scortichini M, Dobelmann C, Jain S, Gopinatth V, Toti KS, Phung NB, Junker A, Jacobson KA. Structure-activity relationships of pyrimidine nucleotides containing a 5'-α,β-methylene diphosphonate at the P2Y 6 receptor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 45:128137. [PMID: 34048882 PMCID: PMC8276771 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Gq-coupled P2Y6 receptor (P2Y6R) is a component of the purinergic signaling system and functions in inflammatory, cardiovascular and metabolic processes. UDP, the native P2Y6R agonist and P2Y14R partial agonist, is subject to hydrolysis by ectonucleotidases. Therefore, we have synthesized UDP/CDP analogues containing a stabilizing α,β-methylene bridge as P2Y6R agonists and identified compatible affinity-enhancing pyrimidine modifications. A distal binding region on the receptor was explored with 4-benzyloxyimino cytidine 5'-diphosphate analogues and their potency determined in a calcium mobilization assay. A 4-trifluoromethyl-benzyloxyimino substituent in 25 provided the highest human P2Y6R potency (MRS4554, 0.57 µM), and a 5-fluoro substitution of the cytosine ring in 28 similarly enhanced potency, with >175- and 39-fold selectivity over human P2Y14R, respectively. However, 3-alkyl (31-33, 37, 38), β-d-arabinofuranose (39) and 6-aza (40) substitution prevented P2Y6R activation. Thus, we have identified new α,β-methylene bridged N4-extended CDP analogues as P2Y6R agonists that are highly selective over the P2Y14R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Oliva
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mirko Scortichini
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Clemens Dobelmann
- University of Münster, European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Waldeyerstraße 15, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Shanu Jain
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Varun Gopinatth
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kiran S Toti
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ngan B Phung
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anna Junker
- University of Münster, European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Waldeyerstraße 15, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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42
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In vitro, in vivo, and ADME evaluation of SF 5-containing N,N'-diarylureas as antischistosomal agents. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021; 65:e0061521. [PMID: 34310210 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00615-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, N,N'-diarylureas have emerged as a promising chemotype for the treatment of schistosomiasis, a disease that poses a considerable health burden to millions of people worldwide. Here, we report a novel series of N,N'-diarylureas featuring the scarcely explored pentafluorosulfanyl group. Low IC50 values for Schistosoma mansoni newly transformed schistosomula (0.6 - 7.7 μM) and adult worms (0.1 - 1.6 μM) were observed. Four selected compounds, highly active in presence of albumin (>70% at 10 μM), endowed with decent cytotoxicity profile (SI against L6 cells >8.5) and good microsomal hepatic stability (>62.5% of drug remaining after 60 min), were tested in S. mansoni infected mice. Despite the promising in vitro worm killing potency, none of them showed significant activity in vivo. Pharmacokinetic data showed a slow absorption, with maximal drug concentrations reached after 24 h of exposure. Finally, no direct correlation between drug exposure and in vivo activity was found. Thus, further investigations are needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms of SF5-containing N,N'-diarylureas.
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43
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Lefebvre G, Charron O, Cossy J, Meyer C. Radical Addition of SF 5Cl to Cyclopropenes: Synthesis of (Pentafluorosulfanyl)cyclopropanes. Org Lett 2021; 23:5491-5495. [PMID: 34170712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
With the goal of accessing yet unknown SF5-cyclopropyl building blocks, the radical addition of SF5Cl to cyclopropenes was investigated. Addition of the SF5 radical occurs regioselectively at the less substituted carbon of cyclopropenes and trans to the most hindered substituent at C3, while chlorine atom transfer proceeds with moderate to high levels of diastereocontrol. The carbon-chlorine bond in the resulting adducts can undergo subsequent radical reduction or be involved in a radical cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauthier Lefebvre
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry, and Materials, ESPCI Paris-PSL, CNRS, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Charron
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry, and Materials, ESPCI Paris-PSL, CNRS, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Janine Cossy
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry, and Materials, ESPCI Paris-PSL, CNRS, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Meyer
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry, and Materials, ESPCI Paris-PSL, CNRS, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
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44
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Debrauwer V, Leito I, Lõkov M, Tshepelevitsh S, Parmentier M, Blanchard N, Bizet V. Synthesis and Physicochemical Properties of 2-SF 5-(Aza)Indoles, a New Family of SF 5 Heterocycles. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2021; 1:43-50. [PMID: 36855754 PMCID: PMC9954346 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.1c00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Structural diversity in heterocyclic chemistry is key to unlocking new properties and modes of action. In this regard, heterocycles embedding emerging fluorinated substituents hold great promise. Herein is described a strategy to access 2-SF5-(aza)indoles for the first time. The sequence relies on the radical addition of SF5Cl to the alkynyl π-system of 2-ethynyl anilines followed by a cyclization reaction. A telescoped sequence is proposed, making this strategy very appealing and reproducible on a gram scale. Downstream functionalizations are also demonstrated, allowing an easy diversification of N- and C3-positions. Ames test, pK a, log P, and differential scanning calorimetry measurements of several fluorinated 2-Rf-indoles are also disclosed. These studies highlight the strategic advantages that a C2-pentafluorosulfanylated motif impart to a privileged scaffold such as an indole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Debrauwer
- Université
de Haute-Alsace, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, 68000 Mulhouse, France
| | - Ivo Leito
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Märt Lõkov
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | | | - Michael Parmentier
- Chemical
and Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma
AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Blanchard
- Université
de Haute-Alsace, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, 68000 Mulhouse, France,
| | - Vincent Bizet
- Université
de Haute-Alsace, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, 68000 Mulhouse, France,
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45
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Dudziński P, Husstedt WS, Matsnev AV, Thrasher JS, Haufe G. Synthesis and [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements of 5-(pentafluorosulfanyl)-pent-3-en-2-ol, its homologues, and trifluoromethyl analogues. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:5607-5623. [PMID: 34100055 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00870f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of aliphatic (pentafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl)(SF5)-substituted compounds is more challenging than that of the related CF3-substituted analogues. Previous investigations of [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements of γ-SF5-substituted allylic alcohols failed to yield 3-SF5-substituted carboxylic acid derivatives. Herein, we present the synthesis of a series of 1-SF5-alk-1-en-3-ols and our efforts to apply them in Johnson-Claisen, ester enolate-Claisen, and Ireland-Claisen rearrangements. Unfortunately, these reactions failed to include the 1-SF5-substituted 1,2-double bond, although successful reactions of analogous CF3-allylic alcohols were reported. Further experiments revealed that bulkiness rather than electronic properties of the SF5 group prevented [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements. Indeed, the introduction of a competing second vinyl group into the system (1-SF5-penta-1,4-dien-3-ol) confirmed that a Johnson-Claisen rearrangement was successful (92% yield of methyl 7-SF5-hepta-4,6-dienoate) with incorporation of the unsubstituted 4,5-double bond while the 1-SF5-substituted 1,2-double bond remained unchanged. Efforts to apply 1-(SF5CF2)-substituted 1,2-double bond systems, which are similar to CF3 analogues in steric requirements, in Johnson-Claisen or ester enolate-Claisen rearrangements failed because of the instability of the SF5CF2 substituent under various reaction conditions. On the other hand, when the SF5 group was separated from the reaction center by a CH2 group instead (5-SF5-pent-3-en-2-ol), Johnson-Claisen rearrangements using six orthoesters provided the target 2-substituted 3-(CH2SF5)-hex-4-enoates in 55-76% yields as ∼1 : 1 mixtures of diastereomers. As an example to demonstrate the utility of these products, methyl 3-(CH2SF5)-hex-4-enoate was reduced, and the formed alcohol was oxidized to the aldehyde. Finally, initial experiments showed that the synthetic sequence developed for SF5 compounds is also applicable for analogous CF3-substituted allylic alcohols (5-CF3-pent-3-en-2-ol) and their Johnson-Claisen rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Dudziński
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Wibke S Husstedt
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Andrej V Matsnev
- Department of Chemistry, Advanced Materials Research Laboratory, Clemson University, 91 Technology Drive, Anderson, South Carolina 29625, USA
| | - Joseph S Thrasher
- Department of Chemistry, Advanced Materials Research Laboratory, Clemson University, 91 Technology Drive, Anderson, South Carolina 29625, USA
| | - Günter Haufe
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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46
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Helmstädter M, Kaiser A, Brunst S, Schmidt J, Ronchetti R, Weizel L, Proschak E, Merk D. Second-Generation Dual FXR/sEH Modulators with Optimized Pharmacokinetics. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9525-9536. [PMID: 34165993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) presents as an epidemic chronic liver disease that is closely associated with metabolic disorders and involves hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis as key factors. Despite the enormous global prevalence of NASH, effective pharmacological interventions are lacking. Based on the hypothesis that the multifactorial condition NASH may benefit from combined multiple modes of action for enhanced therapeutic efficacy, we have previously developed dual FXR activators/sEH inhibitors (FXRa/sEHi) and observed remarkable antifibrotic effects upon their use in rodent NASH models. However, these first-generation FXRa/sEHi were characterized by moderate metabolic stability and short in vivo half-life. Aiming to overcome these pharmacokinetic drawbacks, we have systematically studied the structure-activity and structure-stability relationships of the chemotype and obtained second-generation FXRa/sEHi with improved pharmacokinetic parameters. With high plasma exposure, a half-life greater than 5 h, and similar dual potency on the intended targets, 13 presents as a substantially optimized FXRa/sEHi for late-stage preclinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Helmstädter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Astrid Kaiser
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Steffen Brunst
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jurema Schmidt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Riccardo Ronchetti
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lilia Weizel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Merk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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47
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Tanagawa K, Zhao Z, Saito N, Shibata N. AgBF 4-Mediated Chlorine-Fluorine Exchange Fluorination for the Synthesis of Pentafluorosulfanyl (Hetero)arenes. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Tanagawa
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Zhengyu Zhao
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Norimichi Saito
- Pharmaceutical Division, Ube Industries, Ltd., Seavans North Bldg., 1-2-1 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8449, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Fluorine-Containing Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Avenue, 321004 Jinhua, P. R. China
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48
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Shou JY, Xu XH, Qing FL. Chemoselective Hydro(Chloro)pentafluorosulfanylation of Diazo Compounds with Pentafluorosulfanyl Chloride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15271-15275. [PMID: 33928731 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pentafluorosulfanyl chloride (SF5 Cl) is the most prevalent reagent for the incorporation of SF5 group into organic compounds. However, the preparation of SF5 Cl often relies on hazardous reagents and specialized apparatus. Herein, we described a safe and practical synthesis of a bench-stable and easy-to-handle solution of SF5 Cl in n-hexane under gas-reagent-free conditions. The synthetic application of SF5 Cl was demonstrated through the unprecedented reaction with diazo compounds. The chemoselective hydro- and chloropentafluorosulfanylations of α-diazo carbonyl compounds were developed in the presence of K3 PO4 or copper catalyst, respectively. These reactions provide a direct and efficient access to various α-pentafluorosulfanyl carbonyl compounds of high value for potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Shou
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiu-Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Feng-Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
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49
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Shou J, Xu X, Qing F. Chemoselective Hydro(Chloro)pentafluorosulfanylation of Diazo Compounds with Pentafluorosulfanyl Chloride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Yi Shou
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Science Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xiu‐Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Science Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Feng‐Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Science Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
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50
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Rombach D, Birenheide B, Wagenknecht H. Photoredox Catalytic Pentafluorosulfanylative Domino Cyclization of α-Substituted Alkenes to Oxaheterocycles by Using SF 6. Chemistry 2021; 27:8088-8093. [PMID: 33831262 PMCID: PMC8252034 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Virtually inert sulfur hexafluoride becomes a precious pentafluorosulfanylation agent, if properly activated by photoredox catalysis, to access α-fluoro and α-alkoxy SF5 -compounds. This advanced protocol converts SF6 in the presence of alkynols as bifunctional C-C- and C-O-bond forming reagents directly into pentafluorosulfanylated oxygen-containing heterocycles in a single step from α-substituted alkenes. The proposed mechanism is supported by theoretical calculations and gives insights not only in the pentafluorosulfanylation step but also into formation of the carbon-carbon bond and is in full agreement with Baldwin's cyclization rules. The key step is a radical type 5-, 6- respectively 7-exo-dig-cyclization. The synthesized oxaheterocycles cannot be simply prepared by other synthetic methods, show a high level of structural complexity and significantly expand the scope of pentafluorosulfanylated building blocks valuable for medicinal and material chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rombach
- Laboratory of Inorganic ChemistrySwiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5/108093ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Bernhard Birenheide
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKalsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstr. 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Hans‐Achim Wagenknecht
- Institute of Organic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
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