1
|
Tang XW, Jiang J, Huang S, Shi XM, Xu H, Xu J, Peng JY, Zhang W, Shi L, Zhong XL, Kang M, Lü MH. Long-term trends in cancer incidence and mortality among U.S. children and adolescents: a SEER database analysis from 1975 to 2018. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1357093. [PMID: 39035461 PMCID: PMC11258622 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1357093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood and adolescent cancer represent a significant health burden in the United States. Current and precise epidemiological data are crucial to develop effective cancer control plans and ultimately reduce the burden of childhood and adolescent cancer. Methods We analyzed data obtained from cancer registries in the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. Age-standardized incidence and death rates, assessed using joinpoint analysis, were quantified as annual percentage changes (APC) and average percentage changes (AAPC). Results The overall cancer incidence rate in 2008-2018 was 187.9 per 1,000,000 persons. Cancer incidence rates demonstrated a sustained upward trend, with an APC of 0.8 from 1975 to 2018. Incidence rates during 2008-2018 remained stable among non-Hispanic Black children but increased among other racial and ethnic groups. Leukemias, central nervous system tumors, and lymphomas were the most common cancer groups for patients aged 0-19 years. Cancer death rates decreased among children [AAPC, -1.3 (95% CI, -1.5 to -1.1)] during 2009-2019, while were stable among adolescents during that period. Conclusions In this study, we analyzed cancer incidence and mortality rates and trends in children aged 0-19 years in the United States. Our findings revealed an overall increase in cancer incidence rates among children and adolescents, accompanied by a decline in cancer mortality rates over time. These rates and trends varied by age, sex, and particularly race and ethnicity, highlighting the significance of comprehending and addressing disparities and ultimately reducing the disease burden of childhood and adolescent cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jiao Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shu Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianshui County People’ Hospital, Huaian, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianshui People’ Hospital of Kangda College Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Xiao-Min Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jie-Yu Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Min Kang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mu-Han Lü
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang H, Shi Y, Lin A, Qi C, Liu Z, Cheng Q, Miao K, Zhang J, Luo P. PESSA: A web tool for pathway enrichment score-based survival analysis in cancer. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1012024. [PMID: 38717988 PMCID: PMC11078417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The activation levels of biologically significant gene sets are emerging tumor molecular markers and play an irreplaceable role in the tumor research field; however, web-based tools for prognostic analyses using it as a tumor molecular marker remain scarce. We developed a web-based tool PESSA for survival analysis using gene set activation levels. All data analyses were implemented via R. Activation levels of The Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB) gene sets were assessed using the single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) method based on data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), The European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA) and supplementary tables of articles. PESSA was used to perform median and optimal cut-off dichotomous grouping of ssGSEA scores for each dataset, relying on the survival and survminer packages for survival analysis and visualisation. PESSA is an open-access web tool for visualizing the results of tumor prognostic analyses using gene set activation levels. A total of 238 datasets from the GEO, TCGA, EGA, and supplementary tables of articles; covering 51 cancer types and 13 survival outcome types; and 13,434 tumor-related gene sets are obtained from MSigDB for pre-grouping. Users can obtain the results, including Kaplan-Meier analyses based on the median and optimal cut-off values and accompanying visualization plots and the Cox regression analyses of dichotomous and continuous variables, by selecting the gene set markers of interest. PESSA (https://smuonco.shinyapps.io/PESSA/ OR http://robinl-lab.com/PESSA) is a large-scale web-based tumor survival analysis tool covering a large amount of data that creatively uses predefined gene set activation levels as molecular markers of tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Anqi Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chang Qi
- Institute of Logic and Computation, TU Wien, Austria
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kai Miao
- Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gandra D, Mulama DH, Foureau DM, McKinney KQ, Kim E, Smith K, Haw J, Nagulapally A, Saulnier Sholler GL. DFMO inhibition of neuroblastoma tumorigenesis. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7207. [PMID: 38686627 PMCID: PMC11058673 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most high-risk neuroblastoma patients who relapse succumb to disease despite the existing therapy. We recently reported increased event-free and overall survival in neuroblastoma patients receiving difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) during maintenance therapy. The effect of DFMO on cellular processes associated with neuroblastoma tumorigenesis needs further elucidation. Previous studies have shown cytotoxicity with IC50 values >5-15 mM, these doses are physiologically unattainable in patients, prompting further mechanistic studies at therapeutic doses. METHODS We characterized the effect of DFMO on cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, neurosphere formation, and protein expression in vitro using five established neuroblastoma cell lines (BE2C, CHLA-90, SHSY5Y, SMS-KCNR, and NGP) at clinically relevant doses of 0, 50, 100, 500, 1000, and 2500 μM. Limiting Dilution studies of tumor formation in murine models were performed. Statistical analysis was done using GraphPad and the level of significance set at p = 0.05. RESULTS There was not a significant loss of cell viability or gain of apoptotic activity in the in vitro assays (p > 0.05). DFMO treatment initiated G1 to S phase cell cycle arrest. There was a dose-dependent decrease in frequency and size of neurospheres and a dose-dependent increase in beta-galactosidase activity in all cell lines. Tumor formation was decreased in xenografts both with DFMO-pretreated cells and in mice treated with DFMO. CONCLUSION DFMO treatment is cytostatic at physiologically relevant doses and inhibits tumor initiation and progression in mice. This study suggests that DFMO, inhibits neuroblastoma by targeting cellular processes integral to neuroblastoma tumorigenesis at clinically relevant doses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Gandra
- Department of PediatricsPenn State Health Children's HospitalHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - David H. Mulama
- Department of PediatricsLevine Children's HospitalCharlotteNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - David M. Foureau
- Department of MedicineLevine Cancer InstituteCharlotteNorth CarolinaUSA
| | | | - Elizabeth Kim
- Department of PediatricsLevine Children's HospitalCharlotteNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Kaitlyn Smith
- Department of PediatricsLevine Children's HospitalCharlotteNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Jason Haw
- Department of PediatricsLevine Children's HospitalCharlotteNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Abhinav Nagulapally
- Department of PediatricsPenn State Health Children's HospitalHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Khvorost D, Kendall B, Jazirehi AR. Immunotherapy of Hematological Malignancies of Human B-Cell Origin with CD19 CAR T Lymphocytes. Cells 2024; 13:662. [PMID: 38667277 PMCID: PMC11048755 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) are hematological malignancies with high incidence rates that respond relatively well to conventional therapies. However, a major issue is the clinical emergence of patients with relapsed or refractory (r/r) NHL or ALL. In such circumstances, opportunities for complete remission significantly decline and mortality rates increase. The recent FDA approval of multiple cell-based therapies, Kymriah (tisagenlecleucel), Yescarta (axicabtagene ciloleucel), Tecartus (Brexucabtagene autoleucel KTE-X19), and Breyanzi (Lisocabtagene Maraleucel), has provided hope for those with r/r NHL and ALL. These new cell-based immunotherapies use genetically engineered chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells, whose success can be attributed to CAR's high specificity in recognizing B-cell-specific CD19 surface markers present on various B-cell malignancies and the subsequent initiation of anti-tumor activity. The efficacy of these treatments has led to promising results in many clinical trials, but relapses and adverse reactions such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity (NT) remain pervasive, leaving areas for improvement in current and subsequent trials. In this review, we highlight the current information on traditional treatments of NHL and ALL, the design and manufacturing of various generations of CAR T-cells, the FDA approval of Kymriah, Yescarta Tecartus, and Breyanzi, and a summary of prominent clinical trials and the notable disadvantages of treatments. We further discuss approaches to potentially enhance CAR T-cell therapy for these malignancies, such as the inclusion of a suicide gene and use of FDA-approved drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darya Khvorost
- Department of Life Sciences, Los Angeles City College (LACC), 855 N. Vermont Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90029, USA or (B.K.)
| | - Brittany Kendall
- Department of Life Sciences, Los Angeles City College (LACC), 855 N. Vermont Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90029, USA or (B.K.)
| | - Ali R. Jazirehi
- Department of Life Sciences, Los Angeles City College (LACC), 855 N. Vermont Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90029, USA or (B.K.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural and Social Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles (CSULA), Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu Y, Liu Y, Sun H, Gong X, Yu G, Zhai C, Hu W, Zong Q, Yu Y, Tang Y, Zhang M, Wang F, Zou Y. Global burden of leukemia attributable to occupational exposure to formaldehyde from 1990 to 2019. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:3560-3571. [PMID: 38085479 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31350-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the worldwide burden of leukemia owing to occupational exposure to formaldehyde (OEF) from 1990 to 2019. Data on leukemia due to OEF were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019. By region, age, sex, and disease subtype, the numbers and age-standardized rates (ASRs) associated with deaths, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were analyzed. Annual average percentage change (AAPC) was used to estimate disease burden trends from 1990 to 2019. To measure the risk of leukemia due to OEF, the population attributable fraction (PAF) was introduced. From 1990 to 2019, the number of deaths, DALYs, YLLs, and YLDs for leukemia caused by OEF increased by 44%, 34%, 33%, and 124%, respectively. Regarding the change in ASRs, the age-standardized YLDs (ASYLDs) rate of leukemia due to OEF, which was 38.03% (AAPC = 1.17 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11, 1.23]), indicated an increased trend. But the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), age-standardized DALY (ASDALY) rate, and age-standardized YLL (ASYLL) rate showed decline trends, with - 11.90% (AAPC = - 0.41 [95% CI - 0.45, - 0.37]), - 14.19% (AAPC = - 0.5 [95% CI - 0.55, - 0.45]), and - 14.97% (AAPC = - 0.53 [95% CI - 0.58, - 0.48]), respectively. In terms of PAFs, there were increasing trends in PAFs of age-standardized deaths, ASDALYs, ASYLLs, and ASYLDs for leukemia caused by OEF, with 20.15% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 11.76%, 30.25%), 36.28% (95% UI 21.46%, 53.42%), 51.91% (95% UI 35.05%, 72.07%), and 36.34% (95% UI 21.58%, 53.63%), respectively. Across the socio-demographic index (SDI) regions, the leukemia burden caused by OEF was concentrated in middle and high-middle SDI regions. Besides, OEF poses a more serious risk for acute leukemia among the leukemia subtype. Globally, leukemia caused by OEF remains a public health burden. Policies must be developed to avoid the burden of leukemia caused by OEF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hongyu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xingyu Gong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Guanghui Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Chunxia Zhai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Wanqin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Qiqun Zong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yingying Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yuqin Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yanfeng Zou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths in the United States and compiles the most recent data on population-based cancer occurrence and outcomes using incidence data collected by central cancer registries (through 2020) and mortality data collected by the National Center for Health Statistics (through 2021). In 2024, 2,001,140 new cancer cases and 611,720 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. Cancer mortality continued to decline through 2021, averting over 4 million deaths since 1991 because of reductions in smoking, earlier detection for some cancers, and improved treatment options in both the adjuvant and metastatic settings. However, these gains are threatened by increasing incidence for 6 of the top 10 cancers. Incidence rates increased during 2015-2019 by 0.6%-1% annually for breast, pancreas, and uterine corpus cancers and by 2%-3% annually for prostate, liver (female), kidney, and human papillomavirus-associated oral cancers and for melanoma. Incidence rates also increased by 1%-2% annually for cervical (ages 30-44 years) and colorectal cancers (ages <55 years) in young adults. Colorectal cancer was the fourth-leading cause of cancer death in both men and women younger than 50 years in the late-1990s but is now first in men and second in women. Progress is also hampered by wide persistent cancer disparities; compared to White people, mortality rates are two-fold higher for prostate, stomach and uterine corpus cancers in Black people and for liver, stomach, and kidney cancers in Native American people. Continued national progress will require increased investment in cancer prevention and access to equitable treatment, especially among American Indian and Alaska Native and Black individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Siegel
- Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Ahmedin Jemal
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xiang Y, Liu X, Sun Q, Liao K, Liu X, Zhao Z, Feng L, Liu Y, Wang B. The development of cancers research based on mitochondrial heat shock protein 90. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1296456. [PMID: 38098505 PMCID: PMC10720920 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1296456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial heat shock protein 90 (mtHsp90), including Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) and Hsp90 translocated from cytoplasm, modulating cellular metabolism and signaling pathways by altering the conformation, activity, and stability of numerous client proteins, and is highly expressed in tumors. mtHsp90 inhibition results in the destabilization and eventual degradation of its client proteins, leading to interference with various tumor-related pathways and efficient control of cancer cell development. Among these compounds, gamitrinib, a specific mtHsp90 inhibitor, has demonstrated its safety and efficacy in several preclinical investigations and is currently undergoing evaluation in clinical trials. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the present knowledge pertaining to mtHsp90, encompassing its structure and function. Moreover, our main emphasis is on the development of mtHsp90 inhibitors for various cancer therapies, to present a thorough overview of the recent pre-clinical and clinical advancements in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchu Xiang
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xudong Liu
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kuo Liao
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zihui Zhao
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lishuang Feng
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhu H, Xu Y, Xia J, Guo X, Fang Y, Fan J, Li F, Wu J, Zheng G, Liu Y. Identification and analysis of methylation signature genes and association with immune infiltration in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:14965-14982. [PMID: 37606761 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05284-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common leukemia with low cure rate and poor prognosis among pediatric patients. The regulation of AML immune microenvironment and methylation remains to be explored. Pediatric and adult AML patients differ significantly in epigenetic factors, and the efficiency of treatment modalities varies between the two groups of patients. METHODS We collected mRNA, miRNA and DNA methylation data from pediatric AML patients across multiple databases. Differentially expression genes were identified, and a gene-miRNA regulatory network was constructed. Prognostic risk models were established by integrating LASSO and Cox regression, and a nomogram was generated. Based on this model, we investigated tumor-infiltrating immune cells and cell communication, analyzing the biological functions and pathways associated with prognostic factors. Furthermore, the relationships between all prognostic factors and gene modules were explored, and the impact of these factors on treatment modalities was determined. RESULTS We developed an efficient prognostic risk model and identified HOXA9, SORT1, SH3BP5, mir-224 and mir-335 as biomarkers. We validated these findings in an external dataset and observed a correlation between age and risk in pediatric patients. AML samples with lower risk scores have a better prognosis and higher expression of immune-upregulated biomarkers, and have lower immune scores. Furthermore, we detected discrepancies in immune cell infiltration and interactions between high- and low-risk group samples, which affected the efficacy of immunotherapy. We evaluated all prognostic factors and predicted the effect of immunotherapy and medicine. CONCLUSION This study comprehensively investigated the role of methylation signature genes in pediatric AML at the level of genomes and transcriptomes. The research aims to enhance the risk stratification, prognosis evaluation and assessment of treatment effectiveness of AML patients. This study also highlight the uniqueness of pediatric AML and foster the development of new immunotherapy and targeted therapy strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Zhu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Yanbo Xu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Jun Xia
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Xu Guo
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Yujie Fang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Jingzhi Fan
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Fangjun Li
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Jinhong Wu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Guoliang Zheng
- Liaoning Cancer Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110042, China.
| | - Yubo Liu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dykowski S, Simoneau J, Smith SR, Walling E, Lewno A. Clinical Considerations in Returning Pediatric and Young Adults With Cancer to Physical Activity. Curr Sports Med Rep 2023; 22:380-386. [PMID: 37921391 DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000001114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT There is a gap in the literature on the best treatment of clinical sequelae within adolescent and young adult pediatric cancer populations. Children, adolescents, and young adults are at risk for a multitude of immediate and late effects of their disease and treatment that warrant a comprehensive, multidisciplinary team approach to optimize care. Sports medicine providers are well-equipped with their background to join the oncology rehabilitation team in diagnosing and managing cancer-related impairments to help these populations live a healthier and more active lifestyle. In this manuscript, four essential clinical components to consider when returning children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer history to physical activity are discussed: chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, cardiotoxicity, nutritional deficiencies, and deconditioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Dykowski
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Jillian Simoneau
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Sean R Smith
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Emily Walling
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and BMT, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Adam Lewno
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cao H, Wu T, Zhou X, Xie S, Sun H, Sun Y, Li Y. Progress of research on PD-1/PD-L1 in leukemia. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1265299. [PMID: 37822924 PMCID: PMC10562551 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1265299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemia cells prevent immune system from clearing tumor cells by inducing the immunosuppression of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. In recent years, further understanding of the BM microenvironment and immune landscape of leukemia has resulted in the introduction of several immunotherapies, including checkpoint inhibitors, T-cell engager, antibody drug conjugates, and cellular therapies in clinical trials. Among them, the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis is a significant checkpoint for controlling immune responses, the PD-1 receptor on tumor-infiltrating T cells is bound by PD-L1 on leukemia cells. Consequently, the activation of tumor reactive T cells is inhibited and their apoptosis is promoted, preventing the rejection of the tumor by immune system and thus resulting in the occurrence of immune tolerance. The PD-1/PD-L1 axis serves as a significant mechanism by which tumor cells evade immune surveillance, and PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of lymphomas and varieties of solid tumors. However, the development of drugs targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in leukemia remains in the clinical-trial stage. In this review, we tally up the basic research and clinical trials on PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in leukemia, as well as discuss the relevant toxicity and impacts of PD-1/PD-L1 on other immunotherapies such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, bi-specific T-cell engager, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Tianyu Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Shuyang Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Hongfang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yunxiao Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Youjie Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gambles MT, Yang J, Kopeček J. Multi-targeted immunotherapeutics to treat B cell malignancies. J Control Release 2023; 358:232-258. [PMID: 37121515 PMCID: PMC10330463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The concept of multi-targeted immunotherapeutic systems has propelled the field of cancer immunotherapy into an exciting new era. Multi-effector molecules can be designed to engage with, and alter, the patient's immune system in a plethora of ways. The outcomes can vary from effector cell recruitment and activation upon recognition of a cancer cell, to a multipronged immune checkpoint blockade strategy disallowing evasion of the cancer cells by immune cells, or to direct cancer cell death upon engaging multiple cell surface receptors simultaneously. Here, we review the field of multi-specific immunotherapeutics implemented to treat B cell malignancies. The mechanistically diverse strategies are outlined and discussed; common B cell receptor antigen targeting strategies are outlined and summarized; and the challenges of the field are presented along with optimistic insights for the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Tommy Gambles
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jiyuan Yang
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| | - Jindřich Kopeček
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Randall J, Evans K, Watts B, Smith CM, Hughes K, Earley EJ, Erickson SW, Pachter JA, Teicher BA, Smith MA, Lock RB. In vivo activity of the dual PI3Kδ and PI3Kγ inhibitor duvelisib against pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia xenografts. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023:e30398. [PMID: 37140091 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality in children. Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are a family of lipid kinases, and aberrations in the PI3K pathway are associated with several hematological malignancies, including ALL. Duvelisib (Copiktra) is an orally available, small molecule dual inhibitor of PI3Kδ and PI3Kγ, that is Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for the treatment of relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma. Here, we report the efficacy of duvelisib against a panel of pediatric ALL patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). PROCEDURES Thirty PDXs were selected for a single mouse trial based on PI3Kδ (PIK3CD) and PI3Kγ (PIK3CG) expression and mutational status. PDXs were grown orthotopically in NSG (NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid IL2rgtm1Wjl /SzJAusb) mice, and engraftment was evaluated by enumerating the proportion of human versus mouse CD45+ cells (%huCD45+ ) in the peripheral blood. Treatment commenced when the %huCD45+ reached greater than or equal to 1%, and events were predefined as %huCD45+ greater than or equal to 25% or leukemia-related morbidity. Duvelisib was administered per oral (50 mg/kg, twice daily for 28 days). Drug efficacy was assessed by event-free survival and stringent objective response measures. RESULTS PI3Kδ and PI3Kγ mRNA expression was significantly higher in B-lineage than T-lineage ALL PDXs (p-values <.0001). Duvelisib was well-tolerated and reduced leukemia cells in the peripheral blood in four PDXs, but with only one objective response. There was no obvious relationship between duvelisib efficacy and PI3Kδ or PI3Kγ expression or mutation status, nor was the in vivo response to duvelisib subtype dependent. CONCLUSIONS Duvelisib demonstrated limited in vivo activity against ALL PDXs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Randall
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kathryn Evans
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ben Watts
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher M Smith
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Keira Hughes
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eric J Earley
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Alpert JS. Remarkable Advances in Clinical Medicine that Have Occurred Since I Was an Intern. Am J Med 2023; 136:499-500. [PMID: 36707014 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph S Alpert
- Editor in Chief,The Amercian Journal of Medicine; University of Arizona School of Medicine, Tucson.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Siegel RL, Miller KD, Wagle NS, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2023. CA Cancer J Clin 2023; 73:17-48. [PMID: 36633525 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5465] [Impact Index Per Article: 5465.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths in the United States and compiles the most recent data on population-based cancer occurrence and outcomes using incidence data collected by central cancer registries and mortality data collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2023, 1,958,310 new cancer cases and 609,820 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. Cancer incidence increased for prostate cancer by 3% annually from 2014 through 2019 after two decades of decline, translating to an additional 99,000 new cases; otherwise, however, incidence trends were more favorable in men compared to women. For example, lung cancer in women decreased at one half the pace of men (1.1% vs. 2.6% annually) from 2015 through 2019, and breast and uterine corpus cancers continued to increase, as did liver cancer and melanoma, both of which stabilized in men aged 50 years and older and declined in younger men. However, a 65% drop in cervical cancer incidence during 2012 through 2019 among women in their early 20s, the first cohort to receive the human papillomavirus vaccine, foreshadows steep reductions in the burden of human papillomavirus-associated cancers, the majority of which occur in women. Despite the pandemic, and in contrast with other leading causes of death, the cancer death rate continued to decline from 2019 to 2020 (by 1.5%), contributing to a 33% overall reduction since 1991 and an estimated 3.8 million deaths averted. This progress increasingly reflects advances in treatment, which are particularly evident in the rapid declines in mortality (approximately 2% annually during 2016 through 2020) for leukemia, melanoma, and kidney cancer, despite stable/increasing incidence, and accelerated declines for lung cancer. In summary, although cancer mortality rates continue to decline, future progress may be attenuated by rising incidence for breast, prostate, and uterine corpus cancers, which also happen to have the largest racial disparities in mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Siegel
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kimberly D Miller
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nikita Sandeep Wagle
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ahmedin Jemal
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Alqahtani A, Alhousari D, Ali A, Yaghmour G, Orgel E, Curran E, Stock W, Bhojwani D, Alachkar H. Asparaginase toxicity in Hispanic adult and pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: current understanding. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2023; 19:357-366. [PMID: 37410014 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2023.2233412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asparaginase is essential to chemotherapy regimens for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Survival of patients with ALL has improved since incorporating asparaginase into chemotherapy backbones. Hispanic patients have a higher incidence of ALL than other ethnicities and suffer inferior outcomes. The inferior outcome of Hispanics is due to several factors, including the increased incidence of high-risk genetic subtypes and susceptibility to treatment-related toxicity. AREAS COVERED We summarize the current knowledge of asparaginase-related toxicity by comparing their incidence between Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients. These toxicities include hypersensitivity, hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis, thrombosis, and hypertriglyceridemia. The PubMed database and Google Scholar were used to search for this review from October 2022 to June 2023. EXPERT OPINION Except for hepatotoxicity and hypertriglyceridemia secondary to asparaginase-based treatments, which may develop more frequently among Hispanic patients with ALL, other toxicities were comparable between Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients. Nevertheless, studies with larger cohorts and more accurate capturing of Hispanic ethnicity should be conducted to fill the gaps in the current knowledge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amani Alqahtani
- School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Diala Alhousari
- School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amir Ali
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - George Yaghmour
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Etan Orgel
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Emily Curran
- The Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology & Oncology at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
| | - Wendy Stock
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deepa Bhojwani
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Houda Alachkar
- School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dunphy K, Dowling P. DIGE-Based Biomarker Discovery in Blood Cancers. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2596:105-112. [PMID: 36378434 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2831-7_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cancer of blood or bone marrow-derived cells dysregulates normal hematopoiesis and accounts for over 6% of all cancer cases annually. Proteomic analyses of blood cancers have improved our understanding of disease mechanisms and identified numerous proteins of clinical relevance. For many years, gel-based proteomic studies have aided in the discovery of novel diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers, as well as therapeutic targets, in various diseases, including blood cancer. Fluorescence two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) facilitates comparative proteomic research to identify differential protein expression in a simple and reproducible manner. The versatility of 2D-DIGE as a quantitative proteomic technique has provided insight into various aspects of blood cancer pathology, including disease development, prognostic subtypes, and drug resistance. The ability to couple 2D-DIGE with additional downstream mass spectrometry-based techniques yields comprehensive workflows capable of identifying proteins of biological and clinical significance. The application of 2D-DIGE in blood cancer research has significantly contributed to the increasingly important initiative of precision medicine. This chapter will focus on the influential role of 2D-DIGE as a tool in blood cancer research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Dunphy
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
| | - Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lama R, Xu C, Galster SL, Querol-García J, Portwood S, Mavis CK, Ruiz FM, Martin D, Wu J, Giorgi MC, Bargonetti J, Wang ES, Hernandez-Ilizaliturri FJ, Koudelka GB, Chemler SR, Muñoz IG, Wang X. Small molecule MMRi62 targets MDM4 for degradation and induces leukemic cell apoptosis regardless of p53 status. Front Oncol 2022; 12:933446. [PMID: 35992795 PMCID: PMC9389462 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.933446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MDM2 and MDM4 proteins are key negative regulators of tumor suppressor p53. MDM2 and MDM4 interact via their RING domains and form a heterodimer polyubiquitin E3 ligase essential for p53 degradation. MDM4 also forms heterodimer E3 ligases with MDM2 isoforms that lack p53-binding domains, which regulate p53 and MDM4 stability. We are working to identify small-molecule inhibitors targeting the RING domain of MDM2-MDM4 (MMRi) that can inactivate the total oncogenic activity of MDM2-MDM4 heterodimers. Here, we describe the identification and characterization of MMRi62 as an MDM4-degrader and apoptosis inducer in leukemia cells. Biochemically, in our experiments, MMRi62 bound to preformed RING domain heterodimers altered the substrate preference toward MDM4 ubiquitination and promoted MDM2-dependent MDM4 degradation in cells. This MDM4-degrader activity of MMRi62 was found to be associated with potent apoptosis induction in leukemia cells. Interestingly, MMRi62 effectively induced apoptosis in p53 mutant, multidrug-resistant leukemia cells and patient samples in addition to p53 wild-type cells. In contrast, MMRi67 as a RING heterodimer disruptor and an enzymatic inhibitor of the MDM2-MDM4 E3 complex lacked MDM4-degrader activity and failed to induce apoptosis in these cells. In summary, this study identifies MMRi62 as a novel MDM2-MDM4-targeting agent and suggests that small molecules capable of promoting MDM4 degradation may be a viable new approach to killing leukemia cells bearing non-functional p53 by apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rati Lama
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Samuel L. Galster
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Javier Querol-García
- Structural Biology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Scott Portwood
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Cory K. Mavis
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Federico M. Ruiz
- Structural Biology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Martin
- Structural Biology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Marianna C. Giorgi
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Jill Bargonetti
- The Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eunice S. Wang
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | | | - Gerald B. Koudelka
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Sherry R. Chemler
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Inés G. Muñoz
- Structural Biology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Xinjiang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Xinjiang Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liao P, Chang N, Xu B, Qiu Y, Wang S, Zhou L, He Y, Xie X, Li Y. Amino acid metabolism: challenges and opportunities for the therapeutic treatment of leukemia and lymphoma. Immunol Cell Biol 2022; 100:507-528. [PMID: 35578380 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia and lymphoma-the most common hematological malignant diseases-are often accompanied by complications such as drug resistance, refractory diseases and relapse. Amino acids (AAs) are important energy sources for malignant cells. Tumor-mediated AA metabolism is associated with the immunosuppressive properties of the tumor microenvironment, thereby assisting malignant cells to evade immune surveillance. Targeting abnormal AA metabolism in the tumor microenvironment may be an effective therapeutic approach to address the therapeutic challenges of leukemia and lymphoma. Here, we review the effects of glutamine, arginine and tryptophan metabolism on tumorigenesis and immunomodulation, and define the differences between tumor cells and immune effector cells. We also comment on treatments targeting these AA metabolism pathways in lymphoma and leukemia and discuss how these treatments have profound adverse effects on tumor cells, but leave the immune cells unaffected or mildly affected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiyun Liao
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Chang
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Binyan Xu
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingqi Qiu
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanjie He
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoling Xie
- Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Yuhua Li
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tang Y, Xu X, Li J, Deng L, Mu S. Synthesis and Antileukemia Activity Evaluation of Benzophenanthridine Alkaloid Derivatives. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123934. [PMID: 35745057 PMCID: PMC9227418 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-three benzophenanthridine alkaloid derivatives (1a–1u and 2a–2l) were synthesized, and their cytotoxic activities against two leukemia cell lines (Jurkat Clone E6-1 and THP-1) were evaluated in vitro using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Nine of these derivatives (1i–l, 2a, and 2i–l) with IC50 values in the range of 0.18–7.94 μM showed significant inhibitory effects on the proliferation of both cancer cell lines. Analysis of the primary structure–activity relationships revealed that different substituent groups at the C-6 position might have an effect on the antileukemia activity of the corresponding compounds. In addition, the groups at the C-7 and C-8 positions could influence the antileukemia activity. Among these compounds, 2j showed the strongest in vitro antiproliferative activity against Jurkat Clone E6-1 and THP-1 cells with good IC50 values (0.52 ± 0.03 μM and 0.48 ± 0.03 μM, respectively), slightly induced apoptosis, and arrested the cell-cycle, all of which suggests that compound 2j may represent a potentially useful start point to undergo further optimization toward a lead compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Tang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
| | - Xinglian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; (X.X.); (J.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Jiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; (X.X.); (J.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Lulu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; (X.X.); (J.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
- Correspondence: (L.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Shuzhen Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; (X.X.); (J.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
- Correspondence: (L.D.); (S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li Y, Liao Z, Wei X, Xiao X, Hu J. Epifriedelanol enhances adriamycin-induced cytotoxicity towards K562/ADM cells by down regulating of P-gp and MRP2. Xenobiotica 2022; 52:389-396. [PMID: 35582915 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2079441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
1. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a critical issue during chemotherapy of cancers. Epifriedelanol (Epi) is the effective compounds from the Root Bark of Ulmus davidiana. This study aims to investigate the effect of Epi on MDR and its potential mechanism in the adriamycin (Adr)-resistant K562/ADM cells.2. The effect of Epi on MDR, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) were investigated in the adriamycin (Adr)-resistant K562/ADM cells. In addition, the alterations of nuclear receptor pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) mRNA expression levels in K562/ADM cells after Epi treatment were also examined.3. Epi significantly enhanced Adr-induced cytotoxicity towards K562/ADM cells. Combination of Epi and Adr can significantly reduce the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of K562/ADM cells to Adr. The reversal fold was 1.83 and 3.64 after treated with Epi at 10 and 20 μM, respectively. The intracellular accumulation of Adr was significant increased after exposure to Epi at 5-20 μM compared with the control group. Furthermore, Epi treatment significantly decreased the mRNA and protein expression of P-gp and MRP2 in K562/ADM cells.4. The present study demonstrated that Epi could enhance Adr-induced cytotoxicity towards K562/ADM cells accompanied by the down-regulation of P-gp and MRP2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhengzheng Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiaohua Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiong Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jinfang Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kantarjian HM, Jain N, Garcia-Manero G, Welch MA, Ravandi F, Wierda WG, Jabbour EJ. The cure of leukemia through the optimist's prism. Cancer 2022; 128:240-259. [PMID: 34614211 PMCID: PMC8738114 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Progress is occurring at a dizzying rate across all leukemias. Since the authors' review of the topic in Cancer in 2018, numerous discoveries have been made that have improved the therapy and outcomes of several leukemia subsets. Hairy cell leukemia is potentially curable with a single course of cladribine followed by rituximab (10-year survival, ≥90%). Acute promyelocytic leukemia is curable at a rate of 80% to 90% with a nonchemotherapy regimen of all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide. The cure rate for core-binding factor acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is ≥75% with fludarabine, high-dose cytarabine, and gemtuzumab ozogamicin. Survival for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia is close to that for an age-matched normal population with BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, a previously incurable disease, may now be potentially curable with a finite duration of therapy with Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors and venetoclax. The estimated 5-year survival rate for patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) exceeds 70% with intensive chemotherapy and ponatinib, a third-generation BCR-ABL1 TKI, and more recent nonchemotherapy regimens using dasatinib or ponatinib with blinatumomab are producing outstanding results. Survival in both younger and older patients with ALL has improved with the addition of antibodies targeting CD20, CD19 (blinatumomab), and CD22 (inotuzumab) to chemotherapy. Several recent drug discoveries (venetoclax, FLT3 and IDH inhibitors, and oral hypomethylating agents) are also improving outcomes for younger and older patients with AML and for those with higher risk myelodysplastic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hagop M Kantarjian
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Nitin Jain
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Mary Alma Welch
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Farhad Ravandi
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - William G Wierda
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Elias J Jabbour
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Siegel RL, Miller KD, Fuchs HE, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2022. CA Cancer J Clin 2022; 72:7-33. [PMID: 35020204 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9052] [Impact Index Per Article: 4526.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths in the United States and compiles the most recent data on population-based cancer occurrence and outcomes. Incidence data (through 2018) were collected by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program; the National Program of Cancer Registries; and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Mortality data (through 2019) were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2022, 1,918,030 new cancer cases and 609,360 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States, including approximately 350 deaths per day from lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer death. Incidence during 2014 through 2018 continued a slow increase for female breast cancer (by 0.5% annually) and remained stable for prostate cancer, despite a 4% to 6% annual increase for advanced disease since 2011. Consequently, the proportion of prostate cancer diagnosed at a distant stage increased from 3.9% to 8.2% over the past decade. In contrast, lung cancer incidence continued to decline steeply for advanced disease while rates for localized-stage increased suddenly by 4.5% annually, contributing to gains both in the proportion of localized-stage diagnoses (from 17% in 2004 to 28% in 2018) and 3-year relative survival (from 21% to 31%). Mortality patterns reflect incidence trends, with declines accelerating for lung cancer, slowing for breast cancer, and stabilizing for prostate cancer. In summary, progress has stagnated for breast and prostate cancers but strengthened for lung cancer, coinciding with changes in medical practice related to cancer screening and/or treatment. More targeted cancer control interventions and investment in improved early detection and treatment would facilitate reductions in cancer mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Siegel
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kimberly D Miller
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hannah E Fuchs
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ahmedin Jemal
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
|
24
|
Zhou B, Zhong L, Tian L, Zhang Y, Wang R, He Q, Zhao Y. Identification of two downregulated circRNAs in patients with acute B-lymphocytic leukemia. Oncol Lett 2021; 23:40. [PMID: 34966456 PMCID: PMC8669665 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute B-lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL) is associated with a high mortality rate, with no effective treatment strategies available. The identification of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of B-ALL can contribute to the development of novel therapeutic methods and drugs, which can improve the survival outcomes of patients with B-ALL. The present study aimed to identify downregulated circular RNAs (circRNAs) in patients with B-ALL. RNA sequencing was performed to construct the circRNA expression profiles in B-ALL cells and normal human lymphoblasts. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery was used to perform Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses. In addition, reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR analysis was performed to detect the expression levels of the downregulated circRNAs. A total of 263 differentially expressed circRNAs were identified, including 76 upregulated and 187 downregulated circRNAs, respectively. The upregulated circRNAs were mainly enriched in ‘macromolecule modification’, ‘protein modification’ and ‘cellular protein modification processes’, while the downregulated circRNAs were mainly enriched in the ‘negative regulation of RNA biosynthetic processes’, ‘natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity’ and ‘viral carcinogenesis’. RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that two of the downregulated circRNAs (hsa_circ_0000745 and chr15:87949594-87966067-), identified during microarray analysis were also significantly downregulated in Ball-1 cells and B-ALL bone marrow samples. Thus, these circRNAs may serve as biomarkers for patients with B-ALL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Liansheng Zhong
- Department of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Liu Tian
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Center, Shenyang Mental Health Center, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Runan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Qun He
- Department of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ren FJ, Yao Y, Cai XY, Cai YT, Su Q, Fang GY. MiR-149-5p: An Important miRNA Regulated by Competing Endogenous RNAs in Diverse Human Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:743077. [PMID: 34722295 PMCID: PMC8554335 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.743077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) consist of a large family of small, non-coding RNAs with the ability to result in gene silencing post-transcriptionally. With recent advances in research technology over the past several years, the physiological and pathological potentials of miRNAs have been gradually uncovered. MiR-149-5p, a conserved miRNA, was found to regulate physiological processes, such as inflammatory response, adipogenesis and cell proliferation. Notably, increasing studies indicate miR-149-5p may act as an important regulator in solid tumors, especially cancers in reproductive system and digestive system. It has been acknowledged that miR-149-5p can function as an oncogene or tumor suppressor in different cancers, which is achieved by controlling a variety of genes expression and adjusting downstream signaling pathway. Moreover, the levels of miR-149-5p are influenced by several newly discovered long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs). However, there is blank about systematic function and mechanism of miR-149-5p in human cancers. In this review, we firstly summarize the present comprehension of miR-149-5p at the molecular level, its vital role in tumor initiation and progression, as well as its potential roles in monitoring diverse reproductive and digestive malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-jia Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-yu Cai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-ting Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Su
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo-ying Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
HMP-S7 Is a Novel Anti-Leukemic Peptide Discovered from Human Milk. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080981. [PMID: 34440185 PMCID: PMC8394283 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy in childhood leukemia is associated with late morbidity in leukemic survivors, while certain patient subsets are relatively resistant to standard chemotherapy. It is therefore important to identify new agents with sensitivity and selectivity towards leukemic cells, while having less systemic toxicity. Peptide-based therapeutics has gained a great deal of attention during the last few years. Here, we used an integrative workflow combining mass spectrometric peptide library construction, in silico anticancer peptide screening, and in vitro leukemic cell studies to discover a novel anti-leukemic peptide having 3+ charges and an alpha helical structure, namely HMP-S7, from human breast milk. HMP-S7 showed cytotoxic activity against four distinct leukemic cell lines in a dose-dependent manner but had no effect on solid malignancies or representative normal cells. HMP-S7 induced leukemic cell death by penetrating the plasma membrane to enter the cytoplasm and cause the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase, thus acting in a membranolytic manner. Importantly, HMP-S7 exhibited anti-leukemic effects against patient-derived leukemic cells ex vivo. In conclusion, HMP-S7 is a selective anti-leukemic peptide with promise, which requires further validation in preclinical and clinical studies.
Collapse
|
27
|
Yu J, Chen W, Xie W, Chen R, Lin D, You W, Ye W, Zhang H, Lin D, Xu J. Silencing of the CrkL gene reverses the doxorubicin resistance of K562/ADR cells through regulating PI3K/Akt/MRP1 signaling. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23817. [PMID: 34114685 PMCID: PMC8373353 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin is a first-line chemotherapy agent on human myelogenous leukemia clinical treatment, but the development of chemoresistance has largely limited curative effect. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the biological function and molecular mechanisms of CrkL to Doxorubicin resistance. METHODS Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay was performed to examine the expression of CrkL in K562 and K562/ADR cells. The expression of CrkL was silenced through RNA interference technology. MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed to detect the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis rate after CrkL siRNA transfection. The protein expression changes of PI3K/AKT/MRP1 pathway induced by CrkL siRNA were observed by Western Blot assay. Xenograft tumor model was carried out to observe tumor growth in vivo. RESULTS We observed that silencing of CrkL could effectively increase apoptosis rate induced by doxorubicin and dramatically reversed doxorubicin resistance in K562/ADR cells. Further studies revealed knockdown CrkL expression suppressed PI3K/Akt/MRP1 signaling, which indicated CrkL siRNA reversed doxorubicin effect through regulating PI3K/Akt/MRP1 pathway. In addition, overexpression of MRP1 could evidently reduce apoptosis rate and reversed the inhibitory effects of doxorubicin resistance caused by CrkL siRNA on K562/ADR cells. Finally, in vivo experiments revealed that CrkL silencing acted a tumor-suppressing role in myelogenous leukemia via regulating PI3K/Akt/MRP1 signaling. CONCLUSION Together, we indicated that CrkL is up-regulated in myelogenous leukemia cells and silencing of CrkL could reverse Doxorubicin resistance effectively. These results show a potential novel strategy for intervention chemoresistance in myelogenous leukemia during chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Yu
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Wen‐XU Chen
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Wen‐Jing Xie
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Rong‐Wei Chen
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Dan‐Qi Lin
- Department of Pharmacy clinical PharmacyFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Wei‐Wei You
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Wei‐Lin Ye
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Hong‐Qin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy clinical PharmacyFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Dong‐Hong Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory MedicineFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Jian‐Ping Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory MedicineFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
LncRNA UCA1 elevates the resistance of human leukemia cells to daunorubicin by the PI3K/AKT pathway via sponging miR-613. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:228611. [PMID: 33969374 PMCID: PMC8193642 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute leukemia is a hematological malignant tumor. Long non-coding RNA urothelial cancer-associated 1 (UCA1) is involved in the chemo-resistance of diverse cancers, but it is unclear whether UCA1 is associated with the sensitivity of acute leukemia cells to daunorubicin (DNR). DNR (100 nM) was selected for functional analysis. The viability, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and invasion of treated acute leukemia cells (HL-60 and U-937) were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry assay, or transwell assay. Protein levels were detected with Western blot analysis. Expression patterns of UCA1 and miR-613 were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The relationship between UCA1 and microRNA-613 (miR-613) was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. We observed that UCA1 expression was elevated in HL-60 and U-937cells. DNR constrained viability, cell cycle progression, invasion, and facilitated apoptosis of HL-60 and U-937 cells in a dose-dependent manner, but these impacts mediated by DNR were reverted after UCA1 overexpression. MiR-613 was down-regulated in HL-60 and U-937 cells, and UCA1 was verified as a miR-613 sponge. MiR-613 inhibitor reversed DNR treatment-mediated effects on viability, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and invasion of HL-60 and U-937 cells, but these impacts mediated by miR-613 inhibitor were counteracted after UCA1 inhibition. Notably, the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT pathway caused by DNR treatment was reversed after miR-613 inhibitor introduction, but this influence mediated by miR-613 inhibitor was offset after UCA1 knockdown. In conclusion, UCA1 up-regulation facilitated the resistance of acute leukemia cells to DNR via the PI3K/AKT pathway by sponging miR-613.
Collapse
|
29
|
Liu T, Guo Q, Zheng S, Liu Y, Yang H, Zhao M, Yao L, Zeng K, Tu P. Cephalotaxine Inhibits the Survival of Leukemia Cells by Activating Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway and Inhibiting Autophagy Flow. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26102996. [PMID: 34070111 PMCID: PMC8158396 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cephalotaxine (CET) is a natural alkaloid with potent antileukemia effects. However, its underlying molecular mechanism has not been well understood. In this study, we verified that CET significantly inhibited the viability of various leukemia cells, including HL-60, NB4, Jurkat, K562, Raji and MOLT-4. RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analysis revealed that CET causes mitochondrial function change. Mechanism research indicated that CET activated the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway by reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential, downregulating anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein and upregulating pro-apoptotic Bak protein. In addition, the autophagy signaling pathway was highly enriched by RNA-seq analysis. Then, we found that CET blocked the fluorescence colocation of MitoTracker Green and LysoTracker Red and upregulated the level of LC3-II and p62, which indicated that autophagy flow was impaired. Further results demonstrated that CET could impair lysosomal acidification and block autophagy flow. Finally, inhibiting autophagy flow could aggravate apoptosis of HL-60 cells induced by CET. In summary, this study demonstrated that CET exerted antileukemia effects through activation of the mitochondria-dependent pathway and by impairing autophagy flow. Our research provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of CET in the treatment of leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Q.G.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (M.Z.); (L.Y.)
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Q.G.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (M.Z.); (L.Y.)
| | - Shuze Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Q.G.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (M.Z.); (L.Y.)
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Q.G.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (M.Z.); (L.Y.)
| | - Heng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Q.G.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (M.Z.); (L.Y.)
| | - Meimei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Q.G.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (M.Z.); (L.Y.)
| | - Lu Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Q.G.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (M.Z.); (L.Y.)
| | - Kewu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Q.G.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (M.Z.); (L.Y.)
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (P.T.)
| | - Pengfei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Q.G.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.Y.); (M.Z.); (L.Y.)
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (P.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Geskovski N, Matevska-Geshkovska N, Dimchevska Sazdovska S, Glavas Dodov M, Mladenovska K, Goracinova K. The impact of molecular tumor profiling on the design strategies for targeting myeloid leukemia and EGFR/CD44-positive solid tumors. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 12:375-401. [PMID: 33981532 PMCID: PMC8093552 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.12.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicine has emerged as a novel cancer treatment and diagnostic modality, whose design constantly evolves towards increasing the safety and efficacy of the chemotherapeutic and diagnostic protocols. Molecular diagnostics, which create a great amount of data related to the unique molecular signatures of each tumor subtype, have emerged as an important tool for detailed profiling of tumors. They provide an opportunity to develop targeting agents for early detection and diagnosis, and to select the most effective combinatorial treatment options. Alongside, the design of the nanoscale carriers needs to cope with novel trends of molecular screening. Also, multiple targeting ligands needed for robust and specific interactions with the targeted cell populations have to be introduced, which should result in substantial improvements in safety and efficacy of the cancer treatment. This article will focus on novel design strategies for nanoscale drug delivery systems, based on the unique molecular signatures of myeloid leukemia and EGFR/CD44-positive solid tumors, and the impact of novel discoveries in molecular tumor profiles on future chemotherapeutic protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Geskovski
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Nadica Matevska-Geshkovska
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biomolecular Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Simona Dimchevska Sazdovska
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Marija Glavas Dodov
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Kristina Mladenovska
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Katerina Goracinova
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
- College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yang X, Chen H, Man J, Zhang T, Yin X, He Q, Lu M. Secular trends in the incidence and survival of all leukemia types in the United States from 1975 to 2017. J Cancer 2021; 12:2326-2335. [PMID: 33758609 PMCID: PMC7974881 DOI: 10.7150/jca.52186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Various studies have indicated that the prognosis of leukemia has been improved in recent years, but the secular trends of incidence and long-term survival of all leukemia have not been thoroughly examined. Methods: We estimated the leukemia incidence and 5-year survival rate along with the temporal trends by sex, race, age, and subtype in the United States over the past four decades using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Results: The overall incidence of leukemia steadily increased from 12.39/100 000 in 1975 to 14.65/100 000 in 2011, and then began to decline in recent years (13.73/100 000 in 2017), with average annual percent changes (APC) of 0.350 (P<0.001). The 5-year relative survival rate of leukemia patients significantly improved from 33.2% in 1975 to 66.1% in 2012 (APC=1.980, P<0.001). The main subtypes of leukemia, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and chronic myeloid leukemia, increased in most age groups; conversely, the incidences of all other subtypes were gradually declined during the monitoring period. The incremental advancement in leukemia prognosis had been achieved in almost all histological subtypes, especially among young patients. Conclusions: Based on SEER data, the leukemia incidence increased gradually over the past decades, and then began to decline in recent years in the United States. The 5-year relative survival rate increased incrementally over time, especially among young patients. However, the huge disparities among different sexes, races, histological subtypes, and age groups, emphasize that precise causes control and innovative treatments need to be developed to reduce the incidence and improve the prognosis, especially among specific populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Yang
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinyu Man
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tongchao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolin Yin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiufeng He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths in the United States and compiles the most recent data on population-based cancer occurrence. Incidence data (through 2017) were collected by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program; the National Program of Cancer Registries; and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Mortality data (through 2018) were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2021, 1,898,160 new cancer cases and 608,570 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. After increasing for most of the 20th century, the cancer death rate has fallen continuously from its peak in 1991 through 2018, for a total decline of 31%, because of reductions in smoking and improvements in early detection and treatment. This translates to 3.2 million fewer cancer deaths than would have occurred if peak rates had persisted. Long-term declines in mortality for the 4 leading cancers have halted for prostate cancer and slowed for breast and colorectal cancers, but accelerated for lung cancer, which accounted for almost one-half of the total mortality decline from 2014 to 2018. The pace of the annual decline in lung cancer mortality doubled from 3.1% during 2009 through 2013 to 5.5% during 2014 through 2018 in men, from 1.8% to 4.4% in women, and from 2.4% to 5% overall. This trend coincides with steady declines in incidence (2.2%-2.3%) but rapid gains in survival specifically for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). For example, NSCLC 2-year relative survival increased from 34% for persons diagnosed during 2009 through 2010 to 42% during 2015 through 2016, including absolute increases of 5% to 6% for every stage of diagnosis; survival for small cell lung cancer remained at 14% to 15%. Improved treatment accelerated progress against lung cancer and drove a record drop in overall cancer mortality, despite slowing momentum for other common cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Siegel
- Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kimberly D Miller
- Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hannah E Fuchs
- Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ahmedin Jemal
- Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Miller KD, Fidler-Benaoudia M, Keegan TH, Hipp HS, Jemal A, Siegel RL. Cancer statistics for adolescents and young adults, 2020. CA Cancer J Clin 2020; 70:443-459. [PMID: 32940362 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 566] [Impact Index Per Article: 141.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer statistics for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) (aged 15-39 years) are often presented in aggregate, masking important heterogeneity. The authors analyzed population-based cancer incidence and mortality for AYAs in the United States by age group (ages 15-19, 20-29, and 30-39 years), sex, and race/ethnicity. In 2020, there will be approximately 89,500 new cancer cases and 9270 cancer deaths in AYAs. Overall cancer incidence increased in all AYA age groups during the most recent decade (2007-2016), largely driven by thyroid cancer, which rose by approximately 3% annually among those aged 20 to 39 years and 4% among those aged 15 to 19 years. Incidence also increased in most age groups for several cancers linked to obesity, including kidney (3% annually across all age groups), uterine corpus (3% in the group aged 20-39 years), and colorectum (0.9%-1.5% in the group aged 20-39 years). Rates declined dramatically for melanoma in the group aged 15 to 29 years (4%-6% annually) but remained stable among those aged 30 to 39 years. Overall cancer mortality declined during 2008 through 2017 by 1% annually across age and sex groups, except for women aged 30 to 39 years, among whom rates were stable because of a flattening of declines in female breast cancer. Rates increased for cancers of the colorectum and uterine corpus in the group aged 30 to 39 years, mirroring incidence trends. Five-year relative survival in AYAs is similar across age groups for all cancers combined (range, 83%-86%) but varies widely for some cancers, such as acute lymphocytic leukemia (74% in the group aged 15-19 years vs 51% in the group aged 30-39 years) and brain tumors (77% vs 66%), reflecting differences in histologic subtype distribution and treatment. Progress in reducing cancer morbidity and mortality among AYAs could be addressed through more equitable access to health care, increasing clinical trial enrollment, expanding research, and greater alertness among clinicians and patients for early symptoms and signs of cancer. Further progress could be accelerated with increased disaggregation by age in research on surveillance, etiology, basic biology, and survivorship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Theresa H Keegan
- Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Davis Health, Sacramento, California
| | - Heather S Hipp
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ahmedin Jemal
- Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rebecca L Siegel
- Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Dong Y, Shi O, Zeng Q, Lu X, Wang W, Li Y, Wang Q. Leukemia incidence trends at the global, regional, and national level between 1990 and 2017. Exp Hematol Oncol 2020; 9:14. [PMID: 32577323 PMCID: PMC7304189 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-020-00170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leukemias are a group of life-threatening malignant disorders of the blood and bone marrow. The incidence of leukemia varies by pathological types and among different populations. Methods We retrieved the incidence data for leukemia by sex, age, location, calendar year, and type from the Global Burden of Disease online database. The estimated average percentage change (EAPC) was used to quantify the trends of the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of leukemia from 1990 to 2017. Results Globally, while the number of newly diagnosed leukemia cases increased from 354.5 thousand in 1990 to 518.5 thousand in 2017, the ASIR decreased by 0.43% per year. The number of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases worldwide increased from 49.1 thousand in 1990 to 64.2 thousand in 2017, whereas the ASIR experienced a decrease (EAPC = - 0.08, 95% CI - 0.15, - 0.02). Between 1990 and 2017, there were 55, 29, and 111 countries or territories that experienced a significant increase, remained stable, and experienced a significant decrease in ASIR of ALL, respectively. The case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has increased more than twice between 1990 and 2017. The ASIR of CLL increased by 0.46% per year from 1990 to 2017. More than 85% of all countries saw an increase in ASIR of CLL. In 1990, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) accounted for 18.0% of the total leukemia cases worldwide. This proportion increased to 23.1% in 2017. The ASIR of AML increased from 1.35/100,000 to 1.54/100,000, with an EAPC of 0.56 (95% CI 0.49, 0.62). A total of 127 countries or territories experienced a significant increase in the ASIR of AML. The number of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cases increased from 31.8 thousand in 1990 to 34.2 thousand in 2017. The ASIR of CML decreased from 0.75/100,000 to 0.43/100,000. A total of 141 countries or territories saw a decrease in ASIR of CML. Conclusions A significant decrease in leukemia incidence was observed between 1990 and 2017. However, in the same period, the incidence rates of AML and CLL significantly increased in most countries, suggesting that both types of leukemia might become a major global public health concern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Dong
- Department of Hematology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, Guangdong 525000 China
| | - Oumin Shi
- Health Science Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518020 China
| | - Quanxiang Zeng
- Digestion Department of Digestion, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, Guangdong 525000 China
| | - Xiaoqin Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450014 China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450014 China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002 China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450014 China.,School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450014 China.,China-Canada Medical and Healthcare Science Association, Toronto, ON L3R 1A3 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Aguilera-Diaz A, Vazquez I, Ariceta B, Mañú A, Blasco-Iturri Z, Palomino-Echeverría S, Larrayoz MJ, García-Sanz R, Prieto-Conde MI, del Carmen Chillón M, Alfonso-Pierola A, Prosper F, Fernandez-Mercado M, Calasanz MJ. Assessment of the clinical utility of four NGS panels in myeloid malignancies. Suggestions for NGS panel choice or design. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227986. [PMID: 31978184 PMCID: PMC6980571 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of myeloid neoplasms (MN) has significantly evolved through the last few decades. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is gradually becoming an essential tool to help clinicians with disease management. To this end, most specialized genetic laboratories have implemented NGS panels targeting a number of different genes relevant to MN. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the performance of four different targeted NGS gene panels based on their technical features and clinical utility. A total of 32 patient bone marrow samples were accrued and sequenced with 3 commercially available panels and 1 custom panel. Variants were classified by two geneticists based on their clinical relevance in MN. There was a difference in panel’s depth of coverage. We found 11 discordant clinically relevant variants between panels, with a trend to miss long insertions. Our data show that there is a high risk of finding different mutations depending on the panel of choice, due both to the panel design and the data analysis method. Of note, CEBPA, CALR and FLT3 genes, remains challenging the use of NGS for diagnosis of MN in compliance with current guidelines. Therefore, conventional molecular testing might need to be kept in place for the correct diagnosis of MN for now.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Aguilera-Diaz
- Advanced Genomics Laboratory, Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iria Vazquez
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Hematological Diseases Laboratory, CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beñat Ariceta
- Hematological Diseases Laboratory, CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amagoia Mañú
- Hematological Diseases Laboratory, CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Zuriñe Blasco-Iturri
- Hematological Diseases Laboratory, CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - María José Larrayoz
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Hematological Diseases Laboratory, CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ramón García-Sanz
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL and CIBERONC, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana Alfonso-Pierola
- Hematology Department, Clinica Universidad de Navarra (CUN), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Felipe Prosper
- Advanced Genomics Laboratory, Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Hematology Department, Clinica Universidad de Navarra (CUN), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Fernandez-Mercado
- Advanced Genomics Laboratory, Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Hematological Diseases Laboratory, CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, University of Navarra, San Sebastian, Spain
- * E-mail: ,
| | - María José Calasanz
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Hematological Diseases Laboratory, CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Scientific Co-Director of CIMA LAB Diagnostics, CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths that will occur in the United States and compiles the most recent data on population-based cancer occurrence. Incidence data (through 2016) were collected by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program; the National Program of Cancer Registries; and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Mortality data (through 2017) were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2020, 1,806,590 new cancer cases and 606,520 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. The cancer death rate rose until 1991, then fell continuously through 2017, resulting in an overall decline of 29% that translates into an estimated 2.9 million fewer cancer deaths than would have occurred if peak rates had persisted. This progress is driven by long-term declines in death rates for the 4 leading cancers (lung, colorectal, breast, prostate); however, over the past decade (2008-2017), reductions slowed for female breast and colorectal cancers, and halted for prostate cancer. In contrast, declines accelerated for lung cancer, from 3% annually during 2008 through 2013 to 5% during 2013 through 2017 in men and from 2% to almost 4% in women, spurring the largest ever single-year drop in overall cancer mortality of 2.2% from 2016 to 2017. Yet lung cancer still caused more deaths in 2017 than breast, prostate, colorectal, and brain cancers combined. Recent mortality declines were also dramatic for melanoma of the skin in the wake of US Food and Drug Administration approval of new therapies for metastatic disease, escalating to 7% annually during 2013 through 2017 from 1% during 2006 through 2010 in men and women aged 50 to 64 years and from 2% to 3% in those aged 20 to 49 years; annual declines of 5% to 6% in individuals aged 65 years and older are particularly striking because rates in this age group were increasing prior to 2013. It is also notable that long-term rapid increases in liver cancer mortality have attenuated in women and stabilized in men. In summary, slowing momentum for some cancers amenable to early detection is juxtaposed with notable gains for other common cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Siegel
- Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kimberly D Miller
- Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ahmedin Jemal
- Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Flynn KE, Mauro MJ, George G, Hinman A, Baim A, Kota V, Larson RA, Lipton JH, Thompson JE, Wadleigh M, Atallah E. Patients' perspectives on the definition of cure in chronic myeloid leukemia. Leuk Res 2019; 80:40-42. [PMID: 30955853 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Flynn
- Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee 53226, United States.
| | - Michael J Mauro
- Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee 53226, United States
| | - Gemlyn George
- Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee 53226, United States
| | - Alexander Hinman
- Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee 53226, United States
| | - Arielle Baim
- Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee 53226, United States
| | - Vamsi Kota
- Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee 53226, United States
| | - Richard A Larson
- Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee 53226, United States
| | - Jeffrey H Lipton
- Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee 53226, United States
| | - James E Thompson
- Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee 53226, United States
| | - Martha Wadleigh
- Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee 53226, United States
| | - Ehab Atallah
- Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee 53226, United States
| |
Collapse
|