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Tayeb HH, Felimban R, Almaghrabi S, Hasaballah N. Nanoemulsions: Formulation, characterization, biological fate, and potential role against COVID-19 and other viral outbreaks. COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 45:100533. [PMID: 34692429 PMCID: PMC8526445 DOI: 10.1016/j.colcom.2021.100533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Viral diseases are emerging as global threats. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has severe global impacts. Safety, dosage, and potency of vaccines recently approved for emergency use against SARS-CoV-2 need further evaluation. There is still no effective treatment against COVID-19; therefore, safe, and effective vaccines or therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 are urgently needed. Oil-in-water nanoemulsions (O/W NEs) are emerging as sophisticated, protective, and therapeutic platforms. Encapsulation capacity, which offers better drug pharmacokinetics, coupled with the tunable surfaces present NEs as promising tools for pharmaceutical applications. The challenges facing drug discovery, and the advancements of NEs in drug delivery demonstrate the potential of NEs against evolving diseases, like COVID-19. Here we summarize current COVID-19 knowledge and discuss the composition, stability, preparation, characterization, and biological fate of O/W NEs. We also provide insights into NE structural-functional properties that may contribute to therapeutic or preventative solutions against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam H Tayeb
- Nanomedicine Unit, Center of Innovations in Personalized Medicine (CIPM), King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed Felimban
- 3D Bioprinting Unit, Center of Innovations in Personalized Medicine (CIPM), King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Almaghrabi
- Nanomedicine Unit, Center of Innovations in Personalized Medicine (CIPM), King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nojod Hasaballah
- Nanomedicine Unit, Center of Innovations in Personalized Medicine (CIPM), King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Hollenbach R, Oeppling S, Delavault A, Völp AR, Willenbacher N, Rudat J, Ochsenreither K, Syldatk C. Comparative study on interfacial and foaming properties of glycolipids in relation to the gas applied for foam generation. RSC Adv 2021; 11:34235-34244. [PMID: 35497276 PMCID: PMC9042364 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06190a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolipids are biosurfactants with a wide range of structural diversity. They are biodegradable, based on renewables, ecocompatible and exhibit high surface activity. Still, studies comparing glycolipids and conventional surfactants in terms of interfacial properties and foaming performance are lacking. Here, we compared interfacial and foaming properties of microbial and enzymatically synthesized glycolipids to those of the widely-used, conventional surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The enzymatically produced sorbose monodecanoate, as well as microbially produced di-rhamno-di-lipids exhibited high foam stabilizing properties, similar to those of SDS. However, sophorolipid and mono-rhamno-di-lipids did not produce metastable foams. An appropriate selection of head and tail groups depending on the application of interest is therefore necessary. Then, glycolipids can serve as an ecofriendly and efficient alternative to petroleum-based surfactants, even at substantially lower concentrations than e.g. SDS. Moreover, the influence of three foaming gases on the foaming properties of the glycolipids was evaluated. Slightly higher foam stability and lower coarsening rates were determined for sorbose monodecanoate when using nitrogen as the foaming gas instead of air. Foams generated with carbon dioxide were not metastable, no matter which surfactant was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Hollenbach
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany +49 721 608 46737
| | - Sophie Oeppling
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany +49 721 608 46737
| | - André Delavault
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany +49 721 608 46737
| | - Annika R Völp
- Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Applied Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany
| | - Norbert Willenbacher
- Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Applied Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany
| | - Jens Rudat
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany +49 721 608 46737
| | - Katrin Ochsenreither
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany +49 721 608 46737
| | - Christoph Syldatk
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany +49 721 608 46737
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3
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Gao Y, Zhao CX, Sainsbury F. Droplet shape control using microfluidics and designer biosurfactants. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 584:528-538. [PMID: 33129162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.09.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Many uses of emulsion droplets require precise control over droplet size and shape. Here we report a 'shape-memorable' micro-droplet formulation stabilized by a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified protein -surfactant, the droplets are stable against coalescence for months and can maintain non-spherical shapes for hours, depending on the surface coverage of PEGylated protein. Monodisperse droplets with aspect ratios ranging from 1.0 to 3.4 were controllably synthesized with a flow-focusing microfluidic device. Mechanical properties of the interfacial protein network were explored to elucidate the mechanism behind the droplet shape conservation phenomenon. Characterization of the protein film revealed that the presence of a PEG layer at interfaces alters the mechanical responses of the protein film, resulting in interfacial networks with improved strength. Taking advantage of the prolonged stabilization of non-spherical droplets, we demonstrate functionalization of the droplet interface with accessible biotins. The stabilization of micro-droplet shape with surface-active proteins that also serve as an anchor for integrating functional moieties, provides a tailorable interface for diverse biomimetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Frank Sainsbury
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia; Synthetic Biology Future Science Platform, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
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A general approach for biomimetic mineralization of MOF particles using biomolecules. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 193:111108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Hollenbach R, Völp AR, Höfert L, Rudat J, Ochsenreither K, Willenbacher N, Syldatk C. Interfacial and Foaming Properties of Tailor-Made Glycolipids-Influence of the Hydrophilic Head Group and Functional Groups in the Hydrophobic Tail. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173797. [PMID: 32825508 PMCID: PMC7504461 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolipids are a class of biodegradable surfactants less harmful to the environment than petrochemically derived surfactants. Here we discuss interfacial properties, foam stability, characterized in terms of transient foam height, gas volume fraction and bubble diameter as well as texture of seven enzymatically synthesized surfactants for the first time. Glycolipids consisting of different head groups, namely glucose, sorbitol, glucuronic acid and sorbose, combined with different C10 acyl chains, namely decanoate, dec-9-enoate and 4-methyl-nonanoate are compared. Equilibrium interfacial tension values vary between 24.3 and 29.6 mN/m, critical micelle concentration varies between 0.7 and 3.0 mM. In both cases highest values were found for the surfactants with unsaturated or branched tail groups. Interfacial elasticity and viscosity, however, were significantly reduced in these cases. Head and tail group both affect foam stability. Foams from glycolipids with sorbose and glucuronic acid derived head groups showed higher stability than those from surfactants with glucose head group, sorbitol provided lowest foam stability. We attribute this to different head group hydration also showing up in the time to reach equilibrium interfacial adsorption. Unsaturated tail groups reduced whereas branching enhanced foam stability compared to the systems with linear, saturated tail. Moreover, the tail group strongly influences foam texture. Glycolipids with unsaturated tail groups produced foams quickly collapsing even at smallest shear loads, whereas the branched tail group yielded a higher modulus than the linear tails. Normalized shear moduli for the systems with different head groups varied in a narrow range, with the highest value found for decylglucuronate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Hollenbach
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (L.H.); (J.R.); (K.O.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+49-721-60846737
| | - Annika Ricarda Völp
- Applied Mechanics, Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (A.R.V.); (N.W.)
| | - Ludwig Höfert
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (L.H.); (J.R.); (K.O.); (C.S.)
| | - Jens Rudat
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (L.H.); (J.R.); (K.O.); (C.S.)
| | - Katrin Ochsenreither
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (L.H.); (J.R.); (K.O.); (C.S.)
| | - Norbert Willenbacher
- Applied Mechanics, Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (A.R.V.); (N.W.)
| | - Christoph Syldatk
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (L.H.); (J.R.); (K.O.); (C.S.)
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7
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Tayeb HH, Stienecker M, Middelberg APJ, Sainsbury F. Impact of Site-Specific Bioconjugation on the Interfacial Activity of a Protein Biosurfactant. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:13588-13594. [PMID: 31557042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Biosurfactants are surface active molecules that can be produced by renewable, industrially scalable biologic processes. DAMP4, a designer biosurfactant, enables the modification of interfaces via genetic or chemical fusion to functional moieties. However, bioconjugation of addressable amines introduces heterogeneity that limits the precision of functionalization as well as the resolution of interfacial characterization. Here, we designed DAMP4 variants with cysteine point mutations to allow for site-specific bioconjugation. The DAMP4 variants were shown to retain the structural stability and interfacial activity characteristic of the parent molecule, while permitting efficient and specific conjugation of polyethylene glycol (PEG). PEGylation results in a considerable reduction on the interfacial activity of both single and double mutants. Comparison of conjugates with one or two conjugation sites shows that both the number of conjugates as well as the mass of conjugated material impact the interfacial activity of DAMP4. As a result, the ability of DAMP4 variants with multiple PEG conjugates to impart colloidal stability on peptide-stabilized emulsions is reduced. We suggest that this is due to steric constraints on the structures of amphiphilic helices at the interface. Specific and efficient bioconjugation permits the exploration and investigation of the interfacial properties of designer protein biosurfactants with molecular precision. Our findings should therefore inform the design and modification of biosurfactants for their increasing use in industrial processes and nutritional and pharmaceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam H Tayeb
- The University of Queensland , Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , St. Lucia , QLD 4072 , Australia
| | - Marina Stienecker
- The University of Queensland , Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , St. Lucia , QLD 4072 , Australia
| | - Anton P J Middelberg
- The University of Queensland , Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , St. Lucia , QLD 4072 , Australia
| | - Frank Sainsbury
- The University of Queensland , Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , St. Lucia , QLD 4072 , Australia
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8
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Peters BC, Wibowo D, Yang GZ, Hui Y, Middelberg APJ, Zhao CX. Evaluation of baiting fipronil-loaded silica nanocapsules against termite colonies in fields. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02277. [PMID: 31440604 PMCID: PMC6699461 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Various pesticide nanocarriers have been developed. However, their pest-control applications remain limited in laboratories. Herein, we developed silica nanocapsules encapsulating fipronil (SNC) and their engineered form, poly(ethyleneimine)-coated SNC (SNC-PEI), based on recombinant catalytic modular protein D4S2 and used them against termite colonies Coptotermes lacteus in fields. To achieve this, an integrated biomolecular bioprocess was developed to produce D4S2 for manufacturing SNC containing fipronil with high encapsulation efficiency of approximately 97% at benign reaction conditions and at scales sufficient for the field applications. PEI coating was achieved via electrostatic interactions to yield SNC-PEI with a slower release of fipronil than SNC without coating. As a proof-of-concept, bait toxicants containing varied fipronil concentrations were formulated and exposed to nine termite mounds, aiming to prolong fipronil release hence allowing sufficient time for termites to relocate the baits into and distribute throughout the colony, and to eliminate that colony. Some baits were relocated into the mounds, but colonies were not eliminated due to several reasons. We caution others interested in producing bait toxicants to be aware of the multilevel resistance mechanisms of the Coptotermes spp. “superorganism”.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Wibowo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Guang-Ze Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Yue Hui
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Anton P J Middelberg
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Faculty of Engineering, Computer, and Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
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9
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Chen YL, Zhang L, Song J, Jian G, Hirasaki G, Johnston K, Biswal SL. Two-Step Adsorption of a Switchable Tertiary Amine Surfactant Measured Using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:695-701. [PMID: 30638384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption of a switchable cationic surfactant, N, N, N'-trimethyl- N'-tallow-1,3-diaminopropane (DTTM, Duomeen TTM), at the silica/aqueous solution interface is characterized using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). The adsorption isotherms reveal that changes in the solution pH or salinity affect surfactant adsorption in competing ways. In particular, the combination of the degree of protonation of the surfactant and electrostatic interactions is responsible for surfactant adsorption. The kinetics of adsorption is carefully measured using the real-time measurement of a QCM-D, allowing us to fit the experimental data with analytical models. At pH values of 3 and 5, where the DTTM is protonated, DTTM exhibits two-step adsorption. This is representative of a fast step in which the surfactant molecules are adsorbed with head-groups orientated toward the surface, followed by a slower second step corresponding to formation of interfacial surfactant aggregates on the silica surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Chen
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Leilei Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Jin Song
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Guoqing Jian
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - George Hirasaki
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Keith Johnston
- Department of Chemical Engineering , UT Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - Sibani Lisa Biswal
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
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Yamada M, Tayeb H, Wang H, Dang N, Mohammed YH, Osseiran S, Belt PJ, Roberts MS, Evans CL, Sainsbury F, Prow TW. Using elongated microparticles to enhance tailorable nanoemulsion delivery in excised human skin and volunteers. J Control Release 2018; 288:264-276. [PMID: 30227159 PMCID: PMC7050638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrates, for the first time, clinical testing of elongated silica microparticles (EMP) combined with tailorable nanoemulsions (TNE) to enhance topical delivery of hydrophobic drug surrogates. Likewise, this is the first report of 6-carboxyfluorescein (a model molecule for topically delivered hydrophobic drugs) AM1 & DAMP4 (novel short peptide surfactants) used in volunteers. The EMP penetrates through the epidermis and stop at the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ). TNE are unusually stable and useful because the oil core allows high drug loading levels and the surface properties can be easily controlled. At first, we chose alginate as a crosslinking agent between EMP and TNE. We initially incorporated a fluorescent lipophilic dye, DiI, as a hydrophobic drug surrogate into TNE for visualization with microscopy. We compared four different coating approaches to combine EMP and TNE and tested these formulations in freshly excised human skin. The delivery profile characterisation was imaged by dye- free coherent anti-Stoke Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy to detect the core droplet of TNE that was packed with pharmaceutical grade lipid (glycerol) instead of DiI. These data show the EMP penetrating to the DEJ followed by controlled release of the TNE. Freeze-dried formulations with crosslinking resulted in a sustained release profile, whereas a freeze-dried formulation without crosslinking showed an immediate burst-type release profile. Finally, we tested the crosslinked TNE coated EMP formulation in volunteers using multiphoton microscopy (MPM) and fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) to document the penetration depth characteristics. These forms of microscopy have limitations in terms of image acquisition speed and imaging area coverage but can detect fluorescent drug delivery through the superficial skin in volunteers. 6-Carboxyfluorescein was selected as the fluorescent drug surrogate for the volunteer study based on the similarity of size, charge and hydrophobicity characteristics to small therapeutic drugs that are difficult to deliver through skin. The imaging data showed a 6-carboxyfluorescein signal deep in volunteer skin supporting the hypothesis that EMP can indeed enhance the delivery of TNE in human skin. There were no adverse events recorded at the time of the study or after the study, supporting the use of 6-carboxyfluorescein as a safe and detectable drug surrogate for topical drug research. In conclusion, dry formulations, with controllable release profiles can be obtained with TNE coated EMP that can effectively enhance hydrophobic payload delivery deep into the human epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miko Yamada
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hossam Tayeb
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia; Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hequn Wang
- Wellman Centre for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA, USA
| | - Nhung Dang
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yousuf H Mohammed
- Therapeutic Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Sam Osseiran
- Wellman Centre for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, MA, USA
| | - Paul J Belt
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Orthopaedic Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michael S Roberts
- Therapeutic Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Conor L Evans
- Wellman Centre for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA, USA
| | - Frank Sainsbury
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
| | - Tarl W Prow
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.
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Sun B, Wibowo D, Sainsbury F, Zhao CX. Design and production of a novel antimicrobial fusion protein in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:8763-8772. [PMID: 30120526 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9319-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted increasing attention. The microbial cells provide a simple, cost-effective platform to produce AMPs in industrial quantities. While AMP production as fusion proteins in microorganisms is commonly used, the recovery of AMPs necessitates the use of expensive proteases and extra purification steps. Here, we develop a novel fusion protein DAMP4-F-pexiganan comprising a carrier protein DAMP4 linked to the AMP, pexiganan, through a long, flexible linker. We show that this fusion protein can be purified using a non-chromatography approach and exhibits the same antimicrobial activity as the chemically synthesized pexiganan peptide without any cleavage step. Activity of the fusion protein is dependent on a long, flexible linker between the AMP and carrier domains, as well as on the expression conditions of the fusion protein, with low-temperature expression promoting better folding of the AMP domain. The production of DAMP4-F-pexiganan circumvents the time-consuming and costly steps of chromatography-based purification and enzymatic cleavages, therefore shows considerable advantages over traditional microbial production of AMPs. We expect this novel fusion protein, and the studies on the effect of linker and expression conditions on its antimicrobial activity, will broaden the rational design and production of antimicrobial products based on AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baode Sun
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, QLD, St Lucia, 4072, Australia
| | - David Wibowo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, QLD, St Lucia, 4072, Australia.
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, QLD, Nathan, 4111, Australia.
| | - Frank Sainsbury
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, QLD, St Lucia, 4072, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, QLD, St Lucia, 4072, Australia.
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12
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Schnurbus M, Stricker L, Ravoo BJ, Braunschweig B. Smart Air-Water Interfaces with Arylazopyrazole Surfactants and Their Role in Photoresponsive Aqueous Foam. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:6028-6035. [PMID: 29718669 PMCID: PMC5981290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A new light-switchable azo-surfactant arylazopyrazole tetraethylene glycol carboxylic acid (AAP-E4) was used as a molecular building block to functionalize macroscopic foams. AAP-E4 was studied in the bulk solution with UV/vis spectroscopy and at the interface with sum-frequency generation (SFG) as well as tensiometry. Additional foaming experiments were performed with a dynamic foam analyzer to study the role of AAP-E4 surfactants at the ubiquitous air-water interface as well as within macroscopic foam. In the bulk, it is possible to switch the AAP-E4 surfactant reversibly from trans to cis configurations and vice versa using 380 nm UV and 520 nm green light, respectively. At the interface, we demonstrate the excellent switching ability of AAP-E4 surfactants and a substantial modification of the surface tension. In addition, we show that the response of the interface is strongly influenced by lateral electrostatic interactions, which can be tuned by the charging state of AAP-E4. Consequently, the electrostatic disjoining pressure and thus the foam stability are highly dependent on the bulk pH and the charging state of the interface. For that reason, we have studied both the surface net charge (SFG) and the surface excess (tensiometry) as important parameters that determine foam stability in this system and show that neutral pH conditions lead to the optimal compromise between switching ability, surface excess, and surface charging. Measurements on the foam stability demonstrated that foams under irradiation with green light are more stable than foams irradiated with UV light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Schnurbus
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Lucas Stricker
- Organic
Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organic
Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Björn Braunschweig
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
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13
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Lencina MS, Fernández Miconi E, Fernández Leyes MD, Domínguez C, Cuenca E, Ritacco HA. Effect of surfactant concentration on the responsiveness of a thermoresponsive copolymer/surfactant mixture with potential application on “Smart” foams formulations. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 512:455-465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.10.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sun B, Wibowo D, Middelberg APJ, Zhao CX. Cost-effective downstream processing of recombinantly produced pexiganan peptide and its antimicrobial activity. AMB Express 2018; 8:6. [PMID: 29368022 PMCID: PMC5783979 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0541-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have significant potential as alternatives to classical antibiotics. However, AMPs are currently prepared using processes which are often laborious, expensive and of low-yield, thus hindering their research and application. Large-scale methods for production of AMPs using a cost-effective approach is urgently required. In this study, we report a scalable, chromatography-free downstream processing method for producing an antimicrobial peptide, pexiganan, using recombinant Escherichia coli (E. coli). The four helix bundle structure of the unique carrier protein DAMP4 was used to facilitate a simple and cheap purification process based on a selective thermochemical precipitation. Highly pure fusion protein DAMP4var-pexiganan was obtained at high yield (around 24 mg per 800 mL cell culture with a final cultivation OD600 ~ 2). The purification yield of DAMP4var-pexiganan protein is increased twofold with a 72.9% of the protein recovery in this study as compared to the previous purification processes (Dwyer in Chem Eng Sci 105:12–21, 2014). The antimicrobial peptide pexiganan was released and activated from the fusion protein by a simple acid-cleavage. Isoelectric precipitation was then applied to separate the pexiganan peptide from the DAMP4var protein carrier. The final yield of pure bio-produced pexiganan was 1.6 mg from 800 mL of bacterial cell culture (final cultivation OD600 ~ 2). The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) test demonstrated that the bio-produced pexiganan has the same antimicrobial activity as chemically synthesized counterpart. This novel downstream process provides a new strategy for simple and probable economic production of antimicrobial peptides.
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15
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Tayeb HH, Piantavigna S, Howard CB, Nouwens A, Mahler SM, Middelberg APJ, He L, Holt SA, Sainsbury F. Insights into the interfacial structure-function of poly(ethylene glycol)-decorated peptide-stabilised nanoscale emulsions. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:7953-7961. [PMID: 29038804 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01614j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The interfacial properties of nanoscale materials have profound influence on biodistribution and stability as well as the effectiveness of sophisticated surface-encoded properties such as active targeting to cell surface receptors. Tailorable nanocarrier emulsions (TNEs) are a novel class of oil-in-water emulsions stabilised by molecularly-engineered biosurfactants that permit single-pot stepwise surface modification with related polypeptides that may be chemically conjugated or genetically fused to biofunctional moieties. We have probed the structure and function of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) used to decorate TNEs in this way. The molecular weight of PEG decorating TNEs has considerable impact on the ζ-potential of the emulsion particles, related to differential interfacial thickness of the PEG layer as determined by X-ray reflectometry. By co-modifying TNEs with an antibody fragment, we show that the molecular weight and density of PEG governs the competing parameters of accessibility of the targeting moiety and of shielding the interface from non-specific interactions with the environment. The fundamental understanding of the molecular details of the PEG layer that we present provides valuable insights into the structure-function relationship for soft nanomaterial interfaces. This work therefore paves the way for further rational design of TNEs and other nanocarriers that must interact with their environment in controlled and predictable ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam H Tayeb
- The University of Queensland, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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16
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Wang HF, Wibowo D, Shao Z, Middelberg APJ, Zhao CX. Design of Modular Peptide Surfactants and Their Surface Activity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:7957-7967. [PMID: 28732169 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Designed peptide surfactants offer a number of advanced properties over conventional petrochemical surfactants, including biocompatibility, sustainability, and tailorability of the chemical and physical properties through peptide design. Their biocompatibility and degradability make them attractive for various applications, particularly for food and pharmaceutical applications. In this work, two new peptide surfactants derived from an amphiphilic peptide surfactant (AM1) were designed (AM-S and C8-AM) to better understand links between structure, interfacial activity, and emulsification. Based on AM1, which has an interfacial α-helical structure, AM-S and C8-AM were designed to have two modules, that is, the α-helical AM1 module and an additional hydrophobic moiety to provide for better anchoring at the oil-water interface. Both AM-S and C8-AM at low bulk concentration of 20 μM were able to adsorb rapidly at the oil-water interface and reduced interfacial tension to equilibrium values of 17.0 and 8.4 mN/m within 400 s, respectively. Their relatively quick adsorption kinetics allowed the formation of nanoemulsions with smaller droplet sizes and narrower size distribution. AM-S and C8-AM at 800 μM bulk concentration could make nanoemulsions of average diameters 180 and 147 nm, respectively, by simple sonication. With respect to the long-term stability, a minimum peptide concentration of 400 μM for AM-S and a lower concentration of 100 μM for C8-AM were demonstrated to effectively stabilize nanoemulsions over 3 weeks. Compared to AM1, the AM-S nanoemulsion retained its stimuli-responsive function triggered by metal ions, whereas the C8-AM nanoemulsions did not respond to the stimuli as efficiently as AM-S because of the strong anchoring ability of the hydrophobic C8 module. The two-module design of AM-S and C8-AM represents a new strategy in tuning the surface activity of peptide surfactants, offering useful information and guidance of future designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Fei Wang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David Wibowo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zhengzhong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Anton P J Middelberg
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
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17
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Zhao CX, Dwyer MD, Yu L, Middelberg APJ. From Folding to Function: Design of a New Switchable Biosurfactant Protein. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:488-492. [PMID: 28039916 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201601277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A new anionic biosurfactant protein (SP16) capable of tuning foaming behaviour by pH or salt has been designed. This biosurfactant exhibits unique foaming behaviour with high sensitivity to pH. A good level of foaming was observed at pH 2 but not at pH 3. A further increase by one pH unit to pH 4 restored good foaming. At pH 5-8, SP16 again showed low foaming propensity, whereas the presence of salt (NaCl) was able to restore foaming again. Interfacial tension and circular dichroism investigations revealed the foaming control mechanism. The high negative charge (-16.6) at pH 6 and above restricted the ability of SP16 to fold into an α-helical conformation and also restricted surface activity. For pH 5 (-13.6), even though SP16 folds in bulk to give α-helical structure, the high charge inhibited adsorption at the air-water interface, resulting in a significant lag time of about 150-200 sec to achieve a decrease in interfacial tension. In contrast to its low foaming behaviour at pH 5-8, the presence of salt (NaCl) was found to effectively screen negative charge, thus leading to its folding and a decrease of interfacial tension. This new design offers a new strategy to control foaming behaviour, and elaborates a clear link between charge, structure and interfacial activity for biosurfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Mirjana Dimitrijev Dwyer
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Lei Yu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Anton P J Middelberg
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
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18
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Wibowo D, Yang GZ, Middelberg APJ, Zhao CX. Non-chromatographic bioprocess engineering of a recombinant mineralizing protein for the synthesis of silica nanocapsules. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 114:335-343. [PMID: 27543861 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by nature, synthetic mineralizing proteins have been developed to synthesize various structures of silica-based nanomaterials under environmentally friendly conditions. However, the development of bioprocesses able to assist in the translation of these new materials has lagged the development of the materials themselves. The development of cost-effective and scalable bioprocesses which minimize reliance on chromatography to recover biomolecules from microbial cell factories remains a significant challenge. This paper reports a simplified purification process for a recently reported recombinant catalytic modular (D4S2) protein (M(DPSMKQLADS-LHQLARQ-VSRLEHA)4 EPSRKKRKKRKKRKKGGGY; M 13.3 kDa; pI 10.9), which combines a variant of the established designer biosurfactant protein DAMP4 with a new biomimetic sequence (RKKRKKRKKRKKGGGY), providing for a bi-modular functionality (emulsification and biosilicification). The four-helix bundle structure of the protein has been demonstrated to remain stable and soluble under high temperature and high salt conditions, which confers simplified bioprocessing character. However, the high positive charge on the biosilification sequence necessitates removal of DNA contaminants from crude cell-extract at an early stage in the process by adding poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI). In this process, cellular protein contaminants were selectively precipitated by adding Na2 SO4 to the protein mixture up to a high concentration (1 M) and mixed at high temperature (90°C, 5 min) where D4S2 remained stable and soluble due to its four-helix bundle structure. Further increase of the Na2 SO4 concentration to 1.8 M precipitated, thus separated, D4S2 from residual PEI. The overall yield of the protein D4S2 was 28.8 mg per 800 mL cells (final cultivation OD600 ∼2) which gives an approximate 79% D4S2-protein yield. In comparison with the previously reported chromatographic purification of D4S2 protein (Wibowo et al., 2015), the final yield of D4S2 protein is increased fourfold in this study. The bio-produced protein D4S2 was proved to retain it emulsification and biosilicification functionalities enabling the formation of oil-core silica-shell nanocapsules at near-neutral pH and room temperature without the use of any toxic organic solvents, confirming no adverse effects due to bioprocess simplification. This work demonstrates that, through proper bioprocess engineering including the removal of critical contaminants such as DNA, a more efficient, simple, and scalable purification process can be used for the high-yield bio-production of a recombinant templating protein useful in the synthesis of bio-inspired nanomaterials. This simplified process is expected to be easily adapted to recover other mineralizing helix bundle-based functional proteins from microbial cell factories. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 335-343. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wibowo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Guang-Ze Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Anton P J Middelberg
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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19
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Stabilizing and destabilizing protein surfactant-based foams in the presence of a chemical surfactant: Effect of adsorption kinetics. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 462:56-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Abstract
Switchable foam control was achieved for aqueous solution of new surface-active ionic liquid ([BAzoTMA][NTf2]) by alternatively adding cucurbit[7]uril and spermine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxiong Shi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Tianxiang Yin
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Weiguo Shen
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
- Department of Chemistry
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21
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Wibowo D, Zhao CX, Middelberg APJ. Interfacial biomimetic synthesis of silica nanocapsules using a recombinant catalytic modular protein. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:1999-2007. [PMID: 25604437 DOI: 10.1021/la504684g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports interfacially driven synthesis of oil-core silica-shell nanocapsules using a rationally designed recombinant catalytic modular protein (ReCaMoP), in lieu of a conventional chemical surfactant. A 116-residue protein, D4S2, was designed by modularizing a surface-active protein module having four-helix bundle structure in bulk and a biosilicification-active peptide module rich in cationic residues. This modular combination design allowed the protein to be produced via the industrially relevant cell factory Escherichia coli with simplified purification conferred by thermostability engineered in design. Dynamic interfacial tension and thin film pressure balance were used to gain an overview of the protein behavior at macroscopic interfaces. Functionalities of D4S2 to make silica nanocapsules were demonstrated by facilitating formation and stabilization of pharmaceutically grade oil droplets through its surface-active module and then by directing nucleation and growth of a silica shell at the oil-water interface through its biosilicification-active module. Through these synergistic activities in D4S2, silica nanocapsules could be formed at near-neutral pH and ambient temperature without using any organic solvents that might have negative environmental and sustainability impacts. This work introduces parallelization of biomolecular, scale-up and interfacial catalytic design strategies for the ultimate development of sustainable and scalable production of a recombinant modular protein that is able to catalyze synthesis of oil-filled silica nanocapsules under environmentally friendly conditions, suitable for use as controlled-release nanocarriers of various actives in biomedical and agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wibowo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , St. Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
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22
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Zhao CX, Dwyer MD, Yu AL, Wu Y, Fang S, Middelberg APJ. A simple and low-cost platform technology for producing pexiganan antimicrobial peptide in E. coli. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:957-64. [PMID: 25425208 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides, as a new class of antibiotics, have generated tremendous interest as potential alternatives to classical antibiotics. However, the large-scale production of antimicrobial peptides remains a significant challenge. This paper reports a simple and low-cost chromatography-free platform technology for producing antimicrobial peptides in Escherichia coli (E. coli). A fusion protein comprising a variant of the helical biosurfactant protein DAMP4 and the known antimicrobial peptide pexiganan is designed by joining the two polypeptides, at the DNA level, via an acid-sensitive cleavage site. The resulting DAMP4(var)-pexiganan fusion protein expresses at high level and solubility in recombinant E. coli, and a simple heat-purification method was applied to disrupt cells and deliver high-purity DAMP4(var)-pexiganan protein. Simple acid cleavage successfully separated the DAMP4 variant protein and the antimicrobial peptide. Antimicrobial activity tests confirmed that the bio-produced antimicrobial peptide has the same antimicrobial activity as the equivalent product made by conventional chemical peptide synthesis. This simple and low-cost platform technology can be easily adapted to produce other valuable peptide products, and opens a new manufacturing approach for producing antimicrobial peptides at large scale using the tools and approaches of biochemical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xia Zhao
- The University of Queensland, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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23
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24
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Fameau AL, Carl A, Saint-Jalmes A, von Klitzing R. Responsive Aqueous Foams. Chemphyschem 2014; 16:66-75. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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25
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Schaller A, Connors NK, Dwyer MD, Oelmeier SA, Hubbuch J, Middelberg APJ. Computational study of elements of stability of a four-helix bundle protein biosurfactant. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2014; 29:47-58. [PMID: 25323391 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-014-9803-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Biosurfactants are surface-active molecules produced principally by microorganisms. They are a sustainable alternative to chemically-synthesized surfactants, having the advantages of being non-toxic, highly functional, eco-friendly and biodegradable. However they are currently only used in a few industrial products due to costs associated with production and purification, which exceed those for commodity chemical surfactants. DAMP4, a member of a four-helix bundle biosurfactant protein family, can be produced in soluble form and at high yield in Escherichia coli, and can be recovered using a facile thermal phase-separation approach. As such, it encompasses an interesting synergy of biomolecular and chemical engineering with prospects for low-cost production even for industrial sectors. DAMP4 is highly functional, and due to its extraordinary thermal stability it can be purified in a simple two-step process, in which the combination of high temperature and salt leads to denaturation of all contaminants, whereas DAMP4 stays stable in solution and can be recovered by filtration. This study aimed to characterize and understand the fundamental drivers of DAMP4 stability to guide further process and surfactant design studies. The complementary use of experiments and molecular dynamics simulation revealed a broad pH and temperature tolerance for DAMP4, with a melting point of 122.4 °C, suggesting the hydrophobic core as the major contributor to thermal stability. Simulation of systematically created in silico variants of DAMP4 showed an influence of number and location of hydrophilic mutations in the hydrophobic core on stability, demonstrating a tolerance of up to three mutations before a strong loss in stability occurred. The results suggest a consideration of a balance of stability, functionality and kinetics for new designs according to their application, aiming for maximal functionality but at adequate stability to allow for cost-efficient production using thermal phase separation approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Schaller
- Centre for Biomolecular Engineering, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
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26
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Bruschi M, Krömer JO, Steen JA, Nielsen LK. Production of the short peptide surfactant DAMP4 from glucose or sucrose in high cell density cultures of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). Microb Cell Fact 2014; 13:99. [PMID: 25134850 PMCID: PMC4229601 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-014-0099-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peptides are increasingly used in industry as highly functional materials. Bacterial production of recombinant peptides has the potential to provide large amounts of renewable and low cost peptides, however, achieving high product titers from Chemically Defined Media (CDM) supplemented with simple sugars remains challenging. RESULTS In this work, the short peptide surfactant, DAMP4, was used as a model peptide to investigate production in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), a classical strain used for protein production. Under the same fermentation conditions, switching production of DAMP4 from rich complex media to CDM resulted in a reduction in yield that could be attributed to the reduction in final cell density more so than a significant reduction in specific productivity. To maximize product titer, cell density at induction was maximized using a fed-batch approach. In fed-batch DAMP4 product titer increased 9-fold compared to batch, while maintaining 60% specific productivity. Under the fed-batch conditions, the final product titer of DAMP4 reached more than 7 g/L which is the highest titer of DAMP4 reported to date. To investigate production from sucrose, sucrose metabolism was engineered into BL21(DE3) using a simple plasmid approach. Using this strain, growth and DAMP4 production characteristics obtained from CDM supplemented with sucrose were similar to those obtained when culturing the parent strain on CDM supplemented with glucose. CONCLUSIONS Production of a model peptide was increased to several grams per liter using a CDM medium with either glucose or sucrose feedstock. It is hoped that this work will contribute cost reduction for production of designer peptide surfactants to facilitate their commercial application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jens O Krömer
- Centre for Microbial Electrosynthesis (CEMES), Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC), Research Road (Bldg 60), The University of Queensland, St, Lucia 4072, QLD, Australia.
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27
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Lu H, He Y, Huang Z. Foaming Properties of CO2-Triggered Surfactants for Switchable Foam Control. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2013.817951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Dimitrijev Dwyer M, Brech M, Yu L, Middelberg AP. Intensified expression and purification of a recombinant biosurfactant protein. Chem Eng Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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29
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Zeng BJ, Chuan YP, O'Sullivan B, Caminschi I, Lahoud MH, Thomas R, Middelberg APJ. Receptor-specific delivery of protein antigen to dendritic cells by a nanoemulsion formed using top-down non-covalent click self-assembly. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:3736-42. [PMID: 23606503 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201300078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A new class of targeted and immune-evading nanocarrier made using only biological components and facile processes is assembled in a bottom-up fashion. Simple top-down sequential addition of immune-evading or receptor-specific antibody elements conjugated to biosurfactant protein DAMP4 promotes self-assembly at an interface previously formed in the presence of peptide surfactant AM1, leading to a functional display at the interface through non-covalent molecular self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Zeng
- The University of Queensland, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
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30
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Dwyer MD, He L, James M, Nelson A, Middelberg APJ. Insights into the role of protein molecule size and structure on interfacial properties using designed sequences. J R Soc Interface 2013; 10:20120987. [PMID: 23303222 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixtures of a large, structured protein with a smaller, unstructured component are inherently complex and hard to characterize at interfaces, leading to difficulties in understanding their interfacial behaviours and, therefore, formulation optimization. Here, we investigated interfacial properties of such a mixed system. Simplicity was achieved using designed sequences in which chemical differences had been eliminated to isolate the effect of molecular size and structure, namely a short unstructured peptide (DAMP1) and its longer structured protein concatamer (DAMP4). Interfacial tension measurements suggested that the size and bulk structuring of the larger molecule led to much slower adsorption kinetics. Neutron reflectometry at equilibrium revealed that both molecules adsorbed as a monolayer to the air-water interface (indicating unfolding of DAMP4 to give a chain of four connected DAMP1 molecules), with a concentration ratio equal to that in the bulk. This suggests the overall free energy of adsorption is equal despite differences in size and bulk structure. At small interfacial extensional strains, only molecule packing influenced the stress response. At larger strains, the effect of size became apparent, with DAMP4 registering a higher stress response and interfacial elasticity. When both components were present at the interface, most stress-dissipating movement was achieved by DAMP1. This work thus provides insights into the role of proteins' molecular size and structure on their interfacial properties, and the designed sequences introduced here can serve as effective tools for interfacial studies of proteins and polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Dimitrijev Dwyer
- Centre for Biomolecular Engineering, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, , St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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31
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Karakashev SI, Georgiev P, Balashev K. Foam production – Ratio between foaminess and rate of foam decay. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 379:144-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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32
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Karakashev SI, Grozdanova MV. Foams and antifoams. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 176-177:1-17. [PMID: 22560722 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2012.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Foams and antifoams are two entities with completely different natures. For example, the foams are structures of bubbles in contact, while the antifoams are emulsions containing hydrophobic particles. The interaction between them makes the foam decay faster and in the same time exhausts the antifoam. The mechanism of such an effect is complex of many phenomena taking place in the foam. Thus the antifoams are known as powerful foam suppressors. For these reasons, they are very important from fundamental and practical viewpoints. This paper summarizes the knowledge on antifoams since their very creation till nowadays. In this regard, the review discloses the scientific interpretations on antifoams in chronological order in accord with the literature. Thus, for example it begins with description of the first antifoams (oils) from the 1940s and the pioneering studies of S. Ross and his group. The first physical methods for studying antifoams were presented along with the concepts of spreading and entering coefficients of oils (W. Harkins, 1941, J. Robinson and W. Woods, 1948). The further development of the antifoams (oils+hydrophobic particles) was described by means of the works of R. Kulkarni et al., A. Dippenaar and P. Garrett in the late 1970s and the early 1980s. The theoretical models on the antifoam performance of R. Pelton and P. Garrett, developed in 1980s and 1990s, were presented and analyzed as well in regard with their limits of applicability. Substantial advance on the experimental techniques for studying antifoams has been achieved by introducing different variants of the film trapping technique (FTT) developed by D. Wasan et al., I. Ivanov et al. and T. Tamura et al. in the middle and the late 1990s. An assessment of these techniques was carried out in regard with their capacity for detailed studying the antifoam action within the thin liquid films. Finally, the latest knowledge on the antifoams was achieved due to N. Denkov and his group, who harnessed both the most successful type of FTT and the interferometric thin film setup of Scheludko to conduct innovative experiments on the antifoam's action in the foam films under different conditions. They derived new more detailed understanding on the antifoam's action. For this reason, we must acknowledge the series of works under the supervision of N. Denkov performed between 1996 and 2004 as the lately ones in the field. The present work contains in addition a subchapter devoted to describing alternative methods for design and control of the foam stability. As far as the foaminess and the rate of foam decay depends on the states of the surfactant adsorption layers situated on the bubble surfaces, both foaminess and foam durability can be designed by means of proper choices of surfactants, concentrations and methods of foam generation. Therefore, this paper scrutinized the very mechanism of foam generation whose product is initial foam. Afterwards it was pointed out that the elastic modulus of the foam bubbles is responsible for the further "life" of the already generated foam. A compilation between foaminess and average rate of foam decay named foam production was shown as more successful way to describe the foaming capacity of the frothers. In addition, the properties of tenacious famous under various conditions were exhibited as well. This subchapter does not give any formula for precise design of foams with entailed durability but rather outlines new ways to achieve such recipe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stoyan I Karakashev
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Sofia University, 1 James Bourchier Blvd., Sofia 1164, Bulgaria.
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Carl A, von Klitzing R. Schaltbare Schäume: Perspektiven für funktionalisierte Verbundmaterialien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201105399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Carl A, von Klitzing R. Smart Foams: New Perspectives Towards Responsive Composite Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:11290-2. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201105399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Foam mitigation and exploitation in biosurfactant production. Biotechnol Lett 2011; 34:187-95. [PMID: 22038550 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-011-0782-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Biosurfactants could potentially outperform traditional surfactants in many applications whilst being more sustainable to source, manufacture, use and dispose of. However, currently available fermentation production methods are too inefficient to manufacture biosurfactants for these high volume markets. Foaming in an inherent issue with biosurfactant production and adds significantly to the cost of production using traditional unit operations. This review illustrates how the application of process engineering has enabled nuisance foaming to be transformed into a cost saving feature of the production system. The scope of biosurfactants and their application is discussed and the fundamentals of foam generation and control are reviewed. The range of specific phenomena associated with the interaction of foams with bioproducts is assessed. Finally, recent work which has aimed at taking advantage of some of these phenomena in order to intensify the biosurfactant production process is discussed in detail.
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