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Plutnar J, Pumera M. Applications of Atomic Layer Deposition in Design of Systems for Energy Conversion. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2102088. [PMID: 34365720 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202102088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There is a huge demand for clean energy conversion in all industries. The clean energy production processes include electrocatalytic and photocatalytic conversion of water to hydrogen, carbon dioxide reduction, nitrogen conversion to ammonia, and oxygen reduction reaction and require novel cheap and efficient photo- and electrocatalysts and their scalable methods of fabrication. Atomic layer deposition is a thin film deposition method that allows to deposit thin layers of catalysts on virtually any surface of any shape, size, and porosity in an even and easy to control manner. Here the state of the art in applications of atomic layer deposition in the clean energy production and the opportunities it represents for the whole field of the photo- and electrocatalysis for a sustainable future are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Plutnar
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague, 16628, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pumera
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague, 16628, Czech Republic
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, Brno, 61200, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Mendel University, Zemedelska 1, Brno, 61300, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Korea
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2
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Englhard J, Cao Y, Bochmann S, Barr MKS, Cadot S, Quadrelli EA, Bachmann J. Stabilizing an ultrathin MoS 2 layer during electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution with a crystalline SnO 2 underlayer. RSC Adv 2021; 11:17985-17992. [PMID: 34046174 PMCID: PMC8129885 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00877c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Amorphous MoS2 has been investigated abundantly as a catalyst for hydrogen evolution. Not only its performance but also its chemical stability in acidic conditions have been reported widely. However, its adhesion has not been studied systematically in the electrochemical context. The use of MoS2 as a lubricant is not auspicious for this purpose. In this work, we start with a macroporous anodic alumina template as a model support, add an underlayer of SnO2 to provide electrical conduction and adhesion, then provide the catalytically active, amorphous MoS2 material by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The composition, morphology, and crystalline or amorphous character of all layers are confirmed by spectroscopic ellipsometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, grazing incidence X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The electrocatalytic water reduction performance of the macroporous AAO/SnO2/MoS2 electrodes, quantified by voltammetry, steady-state chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, is improved by annealing the SnO2 layer prior to MoS2 deposition. Varying the geometric parameters of the electrode composite yields an optimized performance of 10 mA cm-2 at 0.22 V overpotential, with a catalyst loading of 0.16 mg cm-2. The electrode's stability is contingent on SnO2 crystallinity. Amorphous SnO2 allows for a gradual dewetting of the originally continuous MoS2 layer over wide areas. In stark contrast to this, crystalline SnO2 maintains the continuity of MoS2 until at least 0.3 V overpotential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Englhard
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Yuanyuan Cao
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Sebastian Bochmann
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Maïssa K S Barr
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Stéphane Cadot
- C2P2 UMR 5265, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon 43 Bd. du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Elsje Alessandra Quadrelli
- C2P2 UMR 5265, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon 43 Bd. du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Julien Bachmann
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskii pr. 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
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Shi P, Cheng X, Lyu S. Efficient electrocatalytic oxygen evolution at ultra-high current densities over 3D Fe, N doped Ni(OH)2 nanosheets. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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4
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Amorim I, Xu J, Zhang N, Xiong D, Thalluri SM, Thomas R, Sousa JP, Araújo A, Li H, Liu L. Bi-metallic cobalt-nickel phosphide nanowires for electrocatalysis of the oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Influence of Chiral Compounds on the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) in the Water Splitting Process. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173988. [PMID: 32883035 PMCID: PMC7504774 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Results are presented concerning the influence on the water splitting process of enantiopure tartaric acid present in bulk solution. Stainless steel and electrodeposited nickel are used as working electrode (WE) surface. The latter is obtained by electrodeposition on the two poles of a magnet. The influence and role played by the chiral compound in solution has been assessed by comparing the current values, in cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments, recorded in the potential range at which oxygen evolution reaction (OER) occurs. In the case of tartaric acid and nickel WE a spin polarization of about 4% is found. The use of the chiral environment (bulk solution) and ferromagnetic chiral Ni electrode allows for observing the OER at a more favorable potential: About 50 mV (i.e., a cathodic, less positive, shift of the potential at which the oxygen evolution is observed).
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Arumugam S, Toku Y, Ju Y. Fabrication of γ-Fe 2O 3 Nanowires from Abundant and Low-cost Fe Plate for Highly Effective Electrocatalytic Water Splitting. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5407. [PMID: 32214145 PMCID: PMC7096520 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Water splitting is thermodynamically uphill reaction, hence it cannot occur easily, and also highly complicated and challenging reaction in chemistry. In electrocatalytic water splitting, the combination of oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions produces highly clean and sustainable hydrogen energy and which attracts research communities. Also, fabrication of highly active and low cost materials for water splitting is a major challenge. Therefore, in the present study, γ-Fe2O3 nanowires were fabricated from highly available and cost-effective iron plate without any chemical modifications/doping onto the surface of the working electrode with high current density. The fabricated nanowires achieved the current density of 10 mA/cm2 at 1.88 V vs. RHE with the scan rate of 50 mV/sec. Stability measurements of the fabricated Fe2O3 nanowires were monitored up to 3275 sec with the current density of 9.6 mA/cm2 at a constant potential of 1.7 V vs. RHE and scan rate of 50 mV/sec.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaranjani Arumugam
- Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yuhki Toku
- Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yang Ju
- Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
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Knemeyer K, Piernavieja Hermida M, Ingale P, Schmidt J, Kröhnert J, Naumann d’Alnoncourt R, Driess M, Rosowski F. Mechanistic studies of atomic layer deposition on oxidation catalysts – AlOx and POx deposition. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:17999-18006. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02572k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Atomic layer deposition of phosphorus oxide on divanadium pentoxide powder undergoes controllable redox chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Knemeyer
- BasCat—UniCat BASF JointLab
- Technische Universität Berlin
- 10623 Berlin
- Germany
| | | | - Piyush Ingale
- BasCat—UniCat BASF JointLab
- Technische Universität Berlin
- 10623 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Johannes Schmidt
- Institut für Chemie
- Technische Universität Berlin
- 10623 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Jutta Kröhnert
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | | | - Matthias Driess
- BasCat—UniCat BASF JointLab
- Technische Universität Berlin
- 10623 Berlin
- Germany
- Institut für Chemie
| | - Frank Rosowski
- BasCat—UniCat BASF JointLab
- Technische Universität Berlin
- 10623 Berlin
- Germany
- BASF SE
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8
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Späth A. Additive Nano-Lithography with Focused Soft X-rays: Basics, Challenges, and Opportunities. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E834. [PMID: 31801198 PMCID: PMC6953100 DOI: 10.3390/mi10120834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Focused soft X-ray beam induced deposition (FXBID) is a novel technique for direct-write nanofabrication of metallic nanostructures from metal organic precursor gases. It combines the established concepts of focused electron beam induced processing (FEBIP) and X-ray lithography (XRL). The present setup is based on a scanning transmission X-ray microscope (STXM) equipped with a gas flow cell to provide metal organic precursor molecules towards the intended deposition zone. Fundamentals of X-ray microscopy instrumentation and X-ray radiation chemistry relevant for FXBID development are presented in a comprehensive form. Recently published proof-of-concept studies on initial experiments on FXBID nanolithography are reviewed for an overview on current progress and proposed advances of nanofabrication performance. Potential applications and advantages of FXBID are discussed with respect to competing electron/ion based techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Späth
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Physical Chemistry II, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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9
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Electrooxidation of saturated C1-C3 primary alcohols on platinum: Potential-resolved product analysis with electrochemical real-time mass spectrometry (EC-RTMS). Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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10
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Cao Y, Wu Y, Badie C, Cadot S, Camp C, Quadrelli EA, Bachmann J. Electrocatalytic Performance of Titania Nanotube Arrays Coated with MoS 2 by ALD toward the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:8816-8823. [PMID: 31172043 PMCID: PMC6545552 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical splitting of water provides an elegant way to store renewable energy, but it is limited by the cost of the noble metals used as catalysts. Among the catalysts used for the reduction of water to hydrogen, MoS2 has been identified as one of the most promising materials as it can be engineered to provide not only a large surface area but also an abundance of unsaturated and reactive coordination sites. Using Mo[NMe2]4 and H2S as precursors, a desired thickness of amorphous MoS2 can be deposited on TiO2 nanotubes by atomic layer deposition. The identity and structure of the MoS2 film are confirmed by spectroscopic ellipsometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The electrocatalytic performance of MoS2 is quantified as it depends on the tube length and the MoS2 layer thickness through voltammetry, steady-state chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The best sample reaches 10 mA/cm2 current density at 189 mV overpotential in 0.5 M H2SO4. All of the various geometries of our nanostructured electrodes reach an electrocatalytic proficiency comparable with the state-of-the-art MoS2 electrodes, and the dependence of performance parameters on geometry suggests that the system can even be improved further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Cao
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander
University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yanlin Wu
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander
University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Clémence Badie
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander
University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stéphane Cadot
- C2P2
UMR 5265, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, CNRS,
Université Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Clément Camp
- C2P2
UMR 5265, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, CNRS,
Université Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Elsje Alessandra Quadrelli
- C2P2
UMR 5265, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, CNRS,
Université Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Julien Bachmann
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander
University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Institute
of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
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11
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Haschke S, Pankin D, Mikhailovskii V, Barr MKS, Both-Engel A, Manshina A, Bachmann J. Nanoporous water oxidation electrodes with a low loading of laser-deposited Ru/C exhibit enhanced corrosion stability. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:157-167. [PMID: 30680288 PMCID: PMC6334789 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
For the oxidation of water to dioxygen, oxide-covered ruthenium metal is known as the most efficient catalyst, however, with limited stability. Herein, we present a strategy for incorporating a Ru/C composite onto a novel nanoporous electrode surface with low noble metal loading and improved stability. The Ru/C is coated on the pore walls of anodic alumina templates in a one-step laser-induced deposition method from Ru3(CO)12 solutions. Scanning electron microscopy proves the presence of a continuous Ru/C layer along the inner pore walls. The amorphous material consists of metallic Ru incorporated in a carbonaceous C matrix as shown by X-ray diffraction combined with Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. These porous electrodes reveal enhanced stability during water oxidation as compared to planar samples at pH 4. Finally, their electrocatalytic performance depends on the geometric parameters and is optimized with 13 μm pore length, which yields 2.6 mA cm-2, or 49 A g-1, at η = 0.20 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Haschke
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chair of Chemistry of thin film materials, Egerlandstrasse 3a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dmitrii Pankin
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Center for Optical and Laser Materials Research, Uljanovskaya 5, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir Mikhailovskii
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Interdisciplinary Resource Center for Nanotechnology, Uljanovskaya 1, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maïssa K S Barr
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chair of Chemistry of thin film materials, Egerlandstrasse 3a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Adriana Both-Engel
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chair of Chemistry of thin film materials, Egerlandstrasse 3a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alina Manshina
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Julien Bachmann
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chair of Chemistry of thin film materials, Egerlandstrasse 3a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
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12
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Haschke S, Mader M, Schlicht S, Roberts AM, Angeles-Boza AM, Barth JAC, Bachmann J. Direct oxygen isotope effect identifies the rate-determining step of electrocatalytic OER at an oxidic surface. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4565. [PMID: 30385759 PMCID: PMC6212532 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of water oxidation to dioxygen represents the bottleneck towards the design of efficient energy storage schemes based on water splitting. The investigation of kinetic isotope effects has long been established for mechanistic studies of various such reactions. However, so far natural isotope abundance determination of O2 produced at solid electrode surfaces has not been applied. Here, we demonstrate that such measurements are possible. Moreover, they are experimentally simple and sufficiently accurate to observe significant effects. Our measured kinetic isotope effects depend strongly on the electrode material and on the applied electrode potential. They suggest that in the case of iron oxide as the electrode material, the oxygen evolution reaction occurs via a rate-determining O−O bond formation via nucleophilic water attack on a ferryl unit. Understanding reaction mechanisms is crucial for catalyst design. Here, natural-abundance isotope quantifications of O2 yield mechanistically significant reaction kinetic isotope effects for water oxidation over metal oxide electrodes, the bottleneck step of water electrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Haschke
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Mader
- Department für Geographie und Geowissenschaften, GeoZentrum NordBayern, Applied Geology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossgarten 5, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schlicht
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - André M Roberts
- Department für Geographie und Geowissenschaften, GeoZentrum NordBayern, Applied Geology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossgarten 5, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alfredo M Angeles-Boza
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Rd., Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
| | - Johannes A C Barth
- Department für Geographie und Geowissenschaften, GeoZentrum NordBayern, Applied Geology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossgarten 5, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Julien Bachmann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany. .,Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 198504.
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13
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Botz A, Clausmeyer J, Öhl D, Tarnev T, Franzen D, Turek T, Schuhmann W. Die lokalen Aktivitäten von Hydroxidionen und Wasser bestimmen die Funktionsweise von auf Silber basierenden Sauerstoffverzehrkathoden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201807798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Botz
- Analytical Chemistry -, Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES); Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Jan Clausmeyer
- Analytical Chemistry -, Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES); Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Denis Öhl
- Analytical Chemistry -, Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES); Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Tsvetan Tarnev
- Analytical Chemistry -, Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES); Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Deutschland
| | - David Franzen
- Institut für Chemische und Elektrochemische Verfahrenstechnik; Technische Universität Clausthal; Leibnizstraße 17 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Deutschland
| | - Thomas Turek
- Institut für Chemische und Elektrochemische Verfahrenstechnik; Technische Universität Clausthal; Leibnizstraße 17 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Deutschland
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry -, Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES); Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Deutschland
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14
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Botz A, Clausmeyer J, Öhl D, Tarnev T, Franzen D, Turek T, Schuhmann W. Local Activities of Hydroxide and Water Determine the Operation of Silver-Based Oxygen Depolarized Cathodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12285-12289. [PMID: 30073732 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Local ion activity changes in close proximity to the surface of an oxygen depolarized cathode (ODC) were measured by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). While the operating ODC produces OH- ions and consumes O2 and H2 O through the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), local changes in the activity of OH- ions and H2 O are detected by means of a positioned Pt microelectrode serving as an SECM tip. Sensing at the Pt tip is based on the pH-dependent reduction of PtO and obviates the need for prior electrode modification steps. It can be used to evaluate the coordination numbers of OH- ions and H2 O, and the method was exploited as a novel approach of catalyst activity assessment. We show that the electrochemical reaction on highly active catalysts can have a drastic influence on the reaction environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Botz
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jan Clausmeyer
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Denis Öhl
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tsvetan Tarnev
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - David Franzen
- Institute of Chemical and Electrochemical Process Engineering, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstr. 17, 38678, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Turek
- Institute of Chemical and Electrochemical Process Engineering, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstr. 17, 38678, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
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