1
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Bhosale M, Schmidt C, Penert P, Studer G, Esser B. Anion-Rocking Chair Batteries with Tuneable Voltage using Viologen- and Phenothiazine Polymer-based Electrodes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301143. [PMID: 37902416 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Organic battery electrode materials offer the unique opportunity for full cells to operate in an anion-rocking chair mode. For this configuration a pair of p-type redox-active electrode materials is required with a substantial potential gap between their redox processes. We herein investigate viologen-functionalized polystyrenes as negative electrode paired with a phenothiazine polymer as positive electrode in all-organic full cells. The 10 % crosslinked viologen polymer X10 -PVBV gave better performance than the linear PVBV and was employed in a full cell as negative electrode with cross-linked poly(3-vinyl-N-methylphenothiazine) (X-PVMPT) as positive electrode. Three cell configurations regarding the voltage range were investigated, of which one with an operating potential of 0.9 V gave the highest performance. The full cell delivered a specific discharge capacity of 64 mA h g-1 (of X-PVMPT) in the first cycle and a capacity retention of 79 % after 100 cycles. This is one of only few reported anion rocking chair all-organic cells and the first employing a phenothiazine-based positive electrode material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manik Bhosale
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Caroline Schmidt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Penert
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gauthier Studer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Birgit Esser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
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2
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Uhl M, Sadeeda, Penert P, Schuster PA, Schick BW, Muench S, Farkas A, Schubert US, Esser B, Kuehne AJC, Jacob T. All-Organic Battery Based on Deep Eutectic Solvent and Redox-Active Polymers. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301057. [PMID: 37505454 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable battery concepts are of great importance for the energy storage demands of the future. Organic batteries based on redox-active polymers are one class of promising storage systems to meet these demands, in particular when combined with environmentally friendly and safe electrolytes. Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) represent a class of electrolytes that can be produced from sustainable sources and exhibit in most cases no or only a small environmental impact. Because of their non-flammability, DESs are safe, while providing an electrochemical stability window almost comparable to established battery electrolytes and much broader than typical aqueous electrolytes. Here, we report the first all-organic battery cell based on a DES electrolyte, which in this case is composed of sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (NaTFSI) and N-methylacetamide (NMA) alongside the electrode active materials poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl-oxyl methacrylate) (PTMA) and crosslinked poly(vinylbenzylviologen) (X-PVBV2+ ). The resulting cell shows two voltage plateaus at 1.07 V and 1.58 V and achieves Coulombic efficiencies of 98 %. Surprisingly, the X-PVBV/X-PVBV+ redox couple turned out to be much more stable in NaTFSI : NMA 1 : 6 than the X-PVBV+ /X-PVBV2+ couple, leading to asymmetric capacity fading during cycling tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Uhl
- Institute of Electrochemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sadeeda
- Institute of Electrochemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Philipp Penert
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Philipp A Schuster
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Benjamin W Schick
- Institute of Electrochemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Simon Muench
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Attila Farkas
- Institute of Electrochemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Birgit Esser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexander J C Kuehne
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Timo Jacob
- Institute of Electrochemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Ulm (HIU) for Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstr. 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
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3
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Lap T, Goujon N, Mantione D, Ruipérez F, Mecerreyes D. Bio-Based Polyhydroxyanthraquinones as High-Voltage Organic Electrode Materials for Batteries. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2023; 5:9128-9137. [PMID: 37970531 PMCID: PMC10644323 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.3c01616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic materials have gained much attention as sustainable electrode materials for batteries. Especially bio-based organic electrode materials (OEMs) are very interesting due to their geographical independency and low environmental impact. However, bio-based OEMs for high-voltage batteries remain scarce. Therefore, in this work, a family of bio-based polyhydroxyanthraquinones (PHAQs)-namely 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroxyanthraquinone (OHAQ), 1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydroxyanthraquinone (HHAQ), and 2,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyanthraquinone (THAQ)-and their redox polymers were synthesized. These PHAQs were synthesized from plant-based precursors and exhibit both a high-potential polyphenolic redox couple (3.5-4.0 V vs Li/Li+) and an anthraquinone redox moiety (2.2-2.8 V vs Li/Li+), while also showing initial charging capacities of up to 381 mAh g-1. To counteract the rapid fading caused by dissolution into the electrolyte, a facile polymerization method was established to synthesize PHAQ polymers. For this, the polymerization of HHAQ served as a model reaction where formaldehyde, glyoxal, and glutaraldehyde were tested as linkers. The resulting polymers were investigated as cathode materials in lithium metal batteries. PHAQ polymer composites synthesized using formaldehyde as linker and 10 wt % multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), namely poly(THAQ-formaldehyde)-10 wt % MWCNTs and poly(HHAQ-formaldehyde)-10 wt % MWCNTs, exhibited the best cycling performance in the lithium metal cells, displaying a high-voltage discharge starting at 4.0 V (vs Li/Li+) and retaining 81.6 and 77.3 mAh g-1, respectively, after 100 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijs Lap
- Joxe
Mari Korta Center, POLYMAT University of
the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastiań, Spain
| | - Nicolas Goujon
- Joxe
Mari Korta Center, POLYMAT University of
the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastiań, Spain
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Daniele Mantione
- Joxe
Mari Korta Center, POLYMAT University of
the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastiań, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Fernando Ruipérez
- Joxe
Mari Korta Center, POLYMAT University of
the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastiań, Spain
- Physical
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - David Mecerreyes
- Joxe
Mari Korta Center, POLYMAT University of
the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastiań, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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4
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Ehrlich L, Pospiech D, Uhlmann P, Tzschöckell F, Hager MD, Voit B. Influencing ionic conductivity and mechanical properties of ionic liquid polymer electrolytes by designing the chemical monomer structure. Des Monomers Polym 2023; 26:198-213. [PMID: 37840643 PMCID: PMC10569356 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2023.2267235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymeric single chloride-ion conductor networks based on acrylic imidazolium chloride ionic liquid monomers AACXImCYCl as reported previously are prepared. The chemical structure of the polymers is varied with respect to the acrylic substituents (alkyl spacer and alkyl substituent in the imidazolium ring). The networks are examined in detail with respect to the influence of the chemical structure on the resulting properties including thermal behavior, rheological behavior, swelling behavior, and ionic conductivity. The ionic conductivities increase (by two orders of magnitude from 10-6 to 10-4 S·cm-1 with increasing temperature), while the complex viscosities of the polymer networks decrease simultaneously. After swelling in water for 1 week the ionic conductivity reaches values of 10-2 S·cm-1. A clear influence of the spacer and the crosslinker content on the glass transition temperature was shown for the first time in these investigations. With increasing crosslinker content, the Tg values and the viscosities of the networks increase. With increasing spacer length, the Tg values decrease, but the viscosities increase with increasing temperature. The results reveal that the materials represent promising electrolytes for batteries, as proven by successful charging/discharging of a p(TEMPO-MA)/zinc battery over 350 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Ehrlich
- Department Polymer Structures, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, Organic Chemistry of Polymers, Dresden, Germany
| | - Doris Pospiech
- Department Polymer Structures, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V, Dresden, Germany
| | - Petra Uhlmann
- Department Polymer Structures, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V, Dresden, Germany
| | - Felix Tzschöckell
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin D. Hager
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Department Polymer Structures, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, Organic Chemistry of Polymers, Dresden, Germany
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5
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Kitano S, Tanabe I, Shioya N, Hasegawa T, Murata T, Morita Y, Tsuji R, Fukui KI. Voltammetric and In Situ Spectroscopic Investigations on the Redox Processes of Trioxotriangulene Neutral Radicals on Graphite Electrodes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:6846-6854. [PMID: 37130319 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the microscopic electrochemical dynamics of a stable trioxotriangulene (TOT) organic neutral π-radical on a graphite electrode surface, voltammetric and in situ infrared (IR) spectroelectrochemical studies were conducted using electrolyte solutions containing TOT monoanions. Upright columnar crystals (face-on alignment) of the TOT neutral radical were preferentially formed and dissolved in a rather reversible manner in the electrolyte with a low concentration of TOT monoanion under electrochemical conditions; however, more flat-lying columnar crystals (edge-on alignment) were formed in a higher concentration electrolyte. The flat-lying crystals remained on the graphite surface even at a fully reduced potential, owing to the lack of direct π-π interactions between the molecules and the graphite electrode. In situ IR attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy analyses successfully characterized the alignment of the columnar crystals of the TOT neutral radicals and their electrochemical behaviors, including the possible origins of the irreversible redox reaction of TOT on the graphite electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Kitano
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Material Solutions New Research Engine, Kaneka Corporation, Settsu, Osaka 566-0072, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tanabe
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shioya
- Laboratory of Chemistry for Functionalized Surfaces, Division of Environmental Chemistry, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Chemistry for Functionalized Surfaces, Division of Environmental Chemistry, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Murata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, Toyota, Aichi 470-0392, Japan
| | - Yasushi Morita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, Toyota, Aichi 470-0392, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Tsuji
- Material Solutions New Research Engine, Kaneka Corporation, Settsu, Osaka 566-0072, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Fukui
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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6
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Zhao X, Qiu X, Xue H, Liu S, Liang D, Yan C, Chen W, Wang Y, Zhou G. Conjugated and Non-conjugated Polymers Containing Two-Electron Redox Dihydrophenazines for Lithium-Organic Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216713. [PMID: 36515468 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Organic p-type cathode materials have recently attracted increasing attention due to their higher redox potentials and rate capabilities in comparison to n-type cathodes. However, most of the p-type cathodes based on one-electron redox still suffer from limited stability and low specific capacity (<150 mAh g-1 ). Herein, two polymers, conjugated poly(diethyldihydrophenazine vinylene) (CPP) and non-conjugated poly(diethyldihydrophenazine ethylidene) (NCPP) containing two-electron redox dihydrophenazine, have been developed as p-type cathode materials. It is experimentally and theoretically found that the conjugated linkage among the redox centers in polymer CPP is more favorable for the effective charge delocalization on the conjugated polymer backbone and the sufficient oxidation in the higher potential region (3.3-4.2 V vs. Li/Li+ ). Consequently, the CPP cathode displays a higher reversible specific capacity of 184 mAh g-1 with excellent cycling stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhao
- Lab of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xuan Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Haodong Xue
- Lab of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Si Liu
- Lab of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Dingli Liang
- Lab of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Chuan Yan
- Lab of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Weinan Chen
- Lab of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Lab of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
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7
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Wang J, Liu H, Du C, Liu Y, Liu B, Guan H, Guan S, Sun Z, Yao H. Molecular structure design of planar zwitterionic polymer electrode materials for all-organic symmetric batteries. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11614-11622. [PMID: 36320387 PMCID: PMC9555726 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04508g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
All-organic symmetric lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) show promising prospects in sustainable energy storage systems, due to their environmental friendliness, structural diversity and low cost. Nevertheless, it remains a great challenge to explore suitable electrode materials and achieve excellent battery performance for all-organic symmetric LIBs. Herein, a squaraine-anthraquinone polymer (PSQ) electrode material was designed through rational molecular engineering. The well-designed extended π-conjugated system, donor-acceptor structure, abundant redox-active sites and rational manipulation of weak inter-/intramolecular interactions endow the PSQ electrode with outstanding electrochemical performance. The capacity of the PSQ cathode can be optimized to 311.5 mA h g-1 by in situ carbon-template polymerization. Impressively, PSQ-based all-organic symmetric LIBs displayed high reversible capacity (170.8 mA h g-1 at 50 mA g-1), excellent rate performance (64.9% capacity retention at 4000 mA g-1 vs. 50 mA g-1), ultralong cycle life up to 30 000 cycles at 2000 mA g-1 and 97% capacity retention after 2500 cycles at 500 mA g-1, which is one of the best comprehensive battery performances among the all-organic LIBs reported thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Qianjin Street 2699 Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Haichao Liu
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Avenue Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Chunya Du
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Avenue Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Sciences, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 P. R. China
| | - Bing Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Qianjin Street 2699 Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Haoran Guan
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Qianjin Street 2699 Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Shaowei Guan
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Qianjin Street 2699 Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Sun
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Yao
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Qianjin Street 2699 Changchun 130012 P. R. China
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8
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Danchovski Y, Rasheev H, Stoyanova R, Tadjer A. Molecular Engineering of Quinone-Based Nickel Complexes and Polymers for All-Organic Li-Ion Batteries. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206805. [PMID: 36296395 PMCID: PMC9608464 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
All-organic Li-ion batteries appear to be a sustainable and safer alternative to the currently-used Li-ion batteries but their application is still limited due to the lack of organic compounds with high redox potentials toward Li+/Li0. Herein, we report a computational design of nickel complexes and coordination polymers that have redox potentials spanning the full voltage range: from the highest, 4.7 V, to the lowest, 0.4 V. The complexes and polymers are modeled by binding low- and high-oxidized Ni ions (i.e., Ni(II) and Ni(IV)) to redox-active para-benzoquinone molecules substituted with carboxyl- and cyano-groups. It is found that both the nickel ions and the quinone-derived ligands are redox-active upon lithiation. The type of Ni coordination also has a bearing on the redox potentials. By combining the complex of Ni(IV) with 2-carboxylato-5-cyano-1,4-benzoquinones as a cathode and Ni(II)-2,5-dicarboxylato-3,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone coordination polymer as an anode, all-organic Li-ion batteries could be assembled, operating at an average voltage exceeding 3.0 V and delivering a capacity of more than 300 mAh/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanislav Danchovski
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Hristo Rasheev
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: (H.R.); (R.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Radostina Stoyanova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: (H.R.); (R.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Alia Tadjer
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: (H.R.); (R.S.); (A.T.)
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9
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Gelled tetraglyme-based electrolyte for organic electrode materials. Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-022-3634-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Elbinger L, Schröter E, Friebe C, Hager MD, Schubert US. Hydrophilic Crosslinked TEMPO-Methacrylate Copolymers - a Straight Forward Approach towards Aqueous Semi-Organic Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200830. [PMID: 35723221 PMCID: PMC9796053 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Crosslinked hydrophilic poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-N-oxyl-co-[2-(methacryloyloxy)-ethyl]trimethyl ammonium chloride) [poly(TEMPO-co-METAC)] polymers with different monomer ratios are synthesized and characterized regarding a utilization as electrode material in organic batteries. These polymers can be synthesized rapidly utilizing commercial starting materials and reveal an increased hydrophilicity compared to the state-of-the-art poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-N-oxyl-4-methacrylate) (PTMA). By increasing the hydrophilicity of the polymer, a preparation of cathode composites is enabled, which can be used for aqueous semi-organic batteries. Detailed battery testing confirms that the additional METAC groups do not impair the battery behavior while enabling straight-forward zinc-TEMPO batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lada Elbinger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityHumboldtstraße 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Erik Schröter
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityHumboldtstraße 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Christian Friebe
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityHumboldtstraße 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Martin D. Hager
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityHumboldtstraße 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityHumboldtstraße 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC)Friedrich Schiller UniversityPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
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11
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Qiu P, Li Y, Wang H, Li D, Wang S, Yu J. 2,3-Diaminophenazine@carbon felt with chemical grafting via amide bonds as an electrode in lithium-ion batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8982-8985. [PMID: 35861483 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02517e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Grafting organic molecules onto an insoluble matrix is an effective way to improve the electronic conductivity and insolubility in electrolyte of organic electrode materials. The active group of CN in DAP@C composites synthesized by chemical grafting of 2,3-diaminophenazine (DAP) with carbon felt through amide bonds (-CO-NH-) displays excellent electrochemical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peimeng Qiu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Yi Li
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Hongquan Wang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Daoyu Li
- Guiyang Bureau, Extra High Voltage Power Transmission Company, China Southern Power Grid (CSG), Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Shengping Wang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Jingxian Yu
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), School of Chemistry and Physics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
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12
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Zhang F, Gao M, Huang S, Zhang H, Wang X, Liu L, Han M, Wang Q. Redox Targeting of Energy Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2104562. [PMID: 34595770 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The redox-targeting (RT) process or redox-mediated process, which provides great operation flexibility in circumventing the constraints intrinsically posed by the conventional electrochemical systems, is intriguing for various energy storage and conversion applications. Implementation of the RT reactions in redox-flow cells, which involves a close-loop electrochemical-chemical cycle between an electrolyte-borne redox mediator and an energy storage or conversion material, not only boosts the energy density of flow battery system, but also offers a versatile research platform applied to a wide variety of chemistries for different applications. Here, the recent progress of RT-based energy storage and conversion systems is summarized and great versatility of RT processes for various energy-related applications is demonstrated, particularly for large-scale energy storage, spatially decoupled water electrolysis, electrolytic N2 reduction, thermal-to-electrical conversion, spent battery material recycling, and more. The working principle, materials aspects, and factors dictating the operation are highlighted to reveal the critical roles of RT reactions for each application. In addition, the challenges lying ahead for deployment are stated and recommendations for addressing these constraints are provided. It is anticipated that the RT concept of energy materials will provide important implications and eventually offer a credible solution for advanced large-scale energy storage and conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Mengqi Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Shiqiang Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Xun Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Lijun Liu
- Clean Energy Research Centre, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore, 529757, Singapore
| | - Ming Han
- Clean Energy Research Centre, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore, 529757, Singapore
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
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13
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Huang Y, Li Z, Hua Y, Wang Y, Wang B, Du Y, Yang H. Dihydrophenazine‐Derived Redox Polymer from Industrial By‐Product as Lithium‐ion Battery Cathode Material. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhu Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China
| | - Zhen Li
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Ying Hua
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China
| | - Bo Wang
- Sennics CO., LTD. Shandong 274000 China
| | - Ya Du
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Haishen Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China
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14
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Rohland P, Schröter E, Nolte O, Newkome GR, Hager MD, Schubert US. Redox-active polymers: The magic key towards energy storage – a polymer design guideline progress in polymer science. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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15
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Wang Y, Huang Y, Hua Y, Du Y, Yang H. Ultrastable dihydrophenazine-based polymer from industrial waste as a sustainable lithium-ion battery cathode material. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01587k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An industrial-waste-derived polymer, PBMEP, was effectively synthesized as a superior sustainable LIB cathode material with robust cycling stability, high working potentials, and excellent rate capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Yuanzhu Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Ying Hua
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Ya Du
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Haishen Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
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16
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Sultana S, Ahmed K, Jiwanti PK, Wardhana BY, Shiblee MDNI. Ionic Liquid-Based Gels for Applications in Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion Devices: A Review of Recent Progress and Future Prospects. Gels 2021; 8:2. [PMID: 35049537 PMCID: PMC8774367 DOI: 10.3390/gels8010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are molten salts that are entirely composed of ions and have melting temperatures below 100 °C. When immobilized in polymeric matrices by sol-gel or chemical polymerization, they generate gels known as ion gels, ionogels, ionic gels, and so on, which may be used for a variety of electrochemical applications. One of the most significant research domains for IL-based gels is the energy industry, notably for energy storage and conversion devices, due to rising demand for clean, sustainable, and greener energy. Due to characteristics such as nonvolatility, high thermal stability, and strong ionic conductivity, IL-based gels appear to meet the stringent demands/criteria of these diverse application domains. This article focuses on the synthesis pathways of IL-based gel polymer electrolytes/organic gel electrolytes and their applications in batteries (Li-ion and beyond), fuel cells, and supercapacitors. Furthermore, the limitations and future possibilities of IL-based gels in the aforementioned application domains are discussed to support the speedy evolution of these materials in the appropriate applicable sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmin Sultana
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh;
| | - Kumkum Ahmed
- College of Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3 Chome-7-5 Toyosu, Tokyo 135-8548, Japan
| | - Prastika Krisma Jiwanti
- Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; (P.K.J.); (B.Y.W.)
| | - Brasstira Yuva Wardhana
- Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; (P.K.J.); (B.Y.W.)
| | - MD Nahin Islam Shiblee
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Yamagata University, 4 Chome-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Yamagata, Japan;
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17
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Kang I, Lee T, Yoon YR, Kim JW, Kim BK, Lee J, Lee JH, Kim SY. Synthesis of Arylene Ether-Type Hyperbranched Poly(triphenylamine) for Lithium Battery Cathodes. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14247885. [PMID: 34947478 PMCID: PMC8707362 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized a new poly(triphenylamine), having a hyperbranched structure, and employed it in lithium-ion batteries as an organic cathode material. Two types of monomers were prepared with hydroxyl groups and nitro leaving groups, activated by a trifluoromethyl substituent, and then polymerized via the nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction. The reactivity of the monomers differed depending on the number of hydroxyl groups and the A2B type monomer with one hydroxyl group successfully produced poly(triphenylamine). Based on thermal, optical, and electrochemical analyses, a composite poly(triphenylamine) electrode was made. The electrochemical performance investigations confirmed that the lithium-ion batteries, fabricated with the poly(triphenylamine)-based cathodes, had reasonable specific capacity values and stable cycling performance, suggesting the potential of this hyperbranched polymer in cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inah Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (I.K.); (Y.R.Y.)
| | - Taewoong Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46421, Korea;
| | - Young Rok Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (I.K.); (Y.R.Y.)
| | - Jee Woo Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (J.W.K.); (B.-K.K.)
| | - Byung-Kwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (J.W.K.); (B.-K.K.)
| | - Jinhee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (I.K.); (Y.R.Y.)
- Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (J.H.L.); (S.Y.K.)
| | - Jin Hong Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46421, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (J.H.L.); (S.Y.K.)
| | - Sang Youl Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (I.K.); (Y.R.Y.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (J.H.L.); (S.Y.K.)
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18
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Goujon N, Casado N, Patil N, Marcilla R, Mecerreyes D. Organic batteries based on just redox polymers. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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2,3-diaminophenazine as a high-rate rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries cathode. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 607:1262-1268. [PMID: 34571310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Organic materials are attracting extensive attention as promising cathodes for rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). However, most of them fail to implement the requirement of batteries with combined high-rate and long-cycle performance. Herein, we report a flexible organic molecule 2,3-diaminophenazine (DAP) which exhibits ultrahigh rate performance up to 500C and high capacity retention of 80% after 10,000 cycles at 100C (25.5 A g-1). Moreover, the Zn2+ storage mechanism in the DAP electrode is revealed by ex-situ characterization technologies and theoretical calculation, and the redox active centers CN participate in the reversible electrochemical reaction process. Furthermore, electrochemical analyses show that surface-controlled electrochemical behavior contributes to the high-rate performance of DAP cathodes. Besides, its excellent long-cycle performance can be ascribed to the suppressed DAP dissolubility by using a modified glass fiber separator with carbon nanotubes (CNT) film. Our work provides useful insight into the design of high-rate and long-life ZIBs.
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20
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Jia K, Zhu L, Wu F. Phenylpyridine Dicarboxylate as Highly Efficient Organic Anode for Na-Ion Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:3124-3130. [PMID: 34076360 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The sodium-ion battery (SIB) has the potential to be the next-generation rechargeable system, utilizing cheap and abundant sodium material. One of the key obstacles to sodium batteries is the lack of efficient and stable anode materials. Compared with traditional inorganic electrode materials, organic materials are more attractive because of their easier sodium transport accessibility and the diversities of organic frameworks and functional groups. In this work, two molecules (Na-CPN and Na-CPP) were synthesized and used as anode materials for SIBs. Structurally, the two compounds are isomers, and they are distinguished by the position of N atoms in phenylpyridine. Na-CPP showed a high reversible capacity of 197 mAh g-1 , and its capacity could maintain 99.1 % of its initial value even after 350 cycles of 100 mA g-1 . Moreover, after going through 1200 cycles at a current density of 5 C, the Na-CPP electrode still retained a capacity rate of 89.9 %. In contrast, Na-CPN exhibited inferior capacity and rate performance because of its larger polarization, particle size, and charge transport resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Jia
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energy School of Materials & Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P.R. China
| | - Linna Zhu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energy School of Materials & Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energy School of Materials & Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P.R. China
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21
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Wang X, Li G, Han Y, Wang F, Chu J, Cai T, Wang B, Song Z. Facile Synthesis of Polyphenothiazine as a High-Performance p-Type Cathode for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:3174-3181. [PMID: 34101379 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202101008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
p-Type electroactive polymers are promising cathodes for dual-ion batteries but cost-effective candidates are still lacking. In this study, the p-type polymer polyphenothiazine (PPTZ) is synthesized by a facile one-step oxidation polymerization from the low-cost phenothiazine (PTZ) monomer. As a cathode for rechargeable lithium batteries, PPTZ shows superior electrochemical performance to previously reported PTZ-based polymers with complicated structures and syntheses. For example, PPTZ has a high reversible capacity of 157 mAh g-1 within 2.5-4.3 V vs. Li+ /Li with an average discharge voltage of 3.5 V, and a high capacity retention of 77 % after 500 cycles. The highly reversible one-electron redox mechanism of PPTZ is also investigated in detail by electrochemical testing, ex situ FT-IR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and DFT calculations. PPTZ has the potential to serve as an attractive p-type cathode material for practical applications and the facile synthesis may be also extended to other polymer cathodes based on N-heteroaromatic units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhen Wang
- Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Gaofeng Li
- Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yan Han
- Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Jun Chu
- Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Taotao Cai
- Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhiping Song
- Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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22
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Baymuratova GR, Mumyatov AV, Kapaev RR, Troshin PA, Yarmolenko OV. The Effect of Electrolyte Composition on the Parameters of Batteries of the Polyimide–Lithium System. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s102319352107003x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Kato M, Sano H. Benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]bis[b]benzothiophene as High Voltage Cathode Material for Lithium-ion Battery. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minami Kato
- Research Institute of Electrochemical Energy, Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
| | - Hikaru Sano
- Research Institute of Electrochemical Energy, Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
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24
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Dieckhöfer S, Medina D, Ruff A, Conzuelo F, Schuhmann W. Pseudocapacitive Redox Polymers as Battery Materials: A Proof‐of‐Concept All‐Polymer Aqueous Battery. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Dieckhöfer
- Analytical Chemistry – Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES) Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr.150 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Danea Medina
- Analytical Chemistry – Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES) Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr.150 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Adrian Ruff
- Analytical Chemistry – Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES) Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr.150 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Felipe Conzuelo
- Analytical Chemistry – Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES) Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr.150 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry – Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES) Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr.150 44780 Bochum Germany
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25
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Wang DY, Si Y, Guo W, Fu Y. Electrosynthesis of 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphanyl) tetrasulfide via sulfur radical addition as cathode material for rechargeable lithium battery. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3220. [PMID: 34050159 PMCID: PMC8163837 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23521-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic electrodes are promising as next generation energy storage materials originating from their enormous chemical diversity and electrochemical specificity. Although organic synthesis methods have been extended to a broad range, facile and selective methods are still needed to expose the corners of chemical space. Herein, we report the organopolysulfide, 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)tetrasulfide, which is synthesized by electrochemical oxidation of diphenyl dithiophosphinic acid featuring the cleavage of a P-S single bond and a sulfur radical addition reaction. Density functional theory proves that the external electric field triggers the intramolecular rearrangement of diphenyl dithiophosphinic acid through dehydrogenation and sulfur migration along the P-S bond axis. Impressively, the Li/bis(diphenylphosphanyl)tetrasulfide cell exhibits the high discharge voltage of 2.9 V and stable cycling performance of 500 cycles with the capacity retention of 74.8%. Detailed characterizations confirm the reversible lithiation/delithiation process. This work demonstrates that electrochemical synthesis offers the approach for the preparation of advanced functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Yang Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yubing Si
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhu Fu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.
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26
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Abstract
In only a few decades, lithium-ion batteries have revolutionized technologies, enabling the proliferation of portable devices and electric vehicles1, with substantial benefits for society. However, the rapid growth in technology has highlighted the ethical and environmental challenges of mining lithium, cobalt and other mineral ore resources, and the issues associated with the safe usage and non-hazardous disposal of batteries2. Only a small fraction of lithium-ion batteries are recycled, further exacerbating global material supply of strategic elements3-5. A potential alternative is to use organic-based redox-active materials6-8 to develop rechargeable batteries that originate from ethically sourced, sustainable materials and enable on-demand deconstruction and reconstruction. Making such batteries is challenging because the active materials must be stable during operation but degradable at end of life. Further, the degradation products should be either environmentally benign or recyclable for reconstruction into a new battery. Here we demonstrate a metal-free, polypeptide-based battery, in which viologens and nitroxide radicals are incorporated as redox-active groups along polypeptide backbones to function as anode and cathode materials, respectively. These redox-active polypeptides perform as active materials that are stable during battery operation and subsequently degrade on demand in acidic conditions to generate amino acids, other building blocks and degradation products. Such a polypeptide-based battery is a first step to addressing the need for alternative chemistries for green and sustainable batteries in a future circular economy.
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27
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Baymuratova GR, Khatmullina KG, Yakuschenko IK, Tulibaeva GZ, Savinykh TA, Troshin PA, Shestakov AF, Yarmolenko OV. Synthesis and investigation of a new organic electrode material based on condensation product of triquinoyl with 1,2,4,5-tetraaminobenzene. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xie
- Electrochemical Energy and Interfaces Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi-Chun Lu
- Electrochemical Energy and Interfaces Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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29
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Wang H, Emanuelsson R, Karlsson C, Jannasch P, Strømme M, Sjödin M. Rocking-Chair Proton Batteries with Conducting Redox Polymer Active Materials and Protic Ionic Liquid Electrolytes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:19099-19108. [PMID: 33856185 PMCID: PMC8153541 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable batteries that use redox-active organic compounds are currently considered an energy storage technology for the future. Functionalizing redox-active groups onto conducting polymers to make conducting redox polymers (CRPs) can effectively solve the low conductivity and dissolution problems of redox-active compounds. Here, we employ a solution-processable postdeposition polymerization (PDP) method, where the rearrangements ensured by partial dissolution of intermediated trimer during polymerization were found significant to produce high-performance CRPs. We show that quinizarin (Qz)- and naphthoquinone (NQ)-based CRPs can reach their theoretical capacity through optimization of the polymerization conditions. Combining the two CRPs, with the Qz-CRP as a cathode, the NQ-CRP as an anode, and a protic ionic liquid electrolyte, yields a 0.8 V proton rocking-chair battery. The conducting additive-free all-organic proton battery exhibits a capacity of 62 mAh/g and a capacity retention of 80% after 500 cycles using rapid potentiostatic charging and galvanostatic discharge at 4.5 C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Nanotechnology
and Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
The Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala
University, P.O. Box 35, SE-751 03 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rikard Emanuelsson
- Nanotechnology
and Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
The Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala
University, P.O. Box 35, SE-751 03 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christoffer Karlsson
- Centre
for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Patric Jannasch
- Centre
for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Strømme
- Nanotechnology
and Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
The Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala
University, P.O. Box 35, SE-751 03 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Sjödin
- Nanotechnology
and Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
The Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala
University, P.O. Box 35, SE-751 03 Uppsala, Sweden
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30
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Desmaizieres G, Speer ME, Thiede I, Gaiser P, Perner V, Kolek M, Bieker P, Winter M, Esser B. Dibenzo[a,e]Cyclooctatetraene-Functionalized Polymers as Potential Battery Electrode Materials. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2000725. [PMID: 33660343 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Organic redox polymers are attractive electrode materials for more sustainable rechargeable batteries. To obtain full-organic cells with high operating voltages, redox polymers with low potentials (<2 V versus Li|Li+ ) are required for the negative electrode. Dibenzo[a,e]cyclooctatetraene (DBCOT) is a promising redox-active group in this respect, since it can be reversibly reduced in a two-electron process at potentials below 1 V versus Li|Li+ . Upon reduction, its conformation changes from tub-shaped to planar, rendering DBCOT-based polymers also of interest to molecular actuators. Here, the syntheses of three aliphatic DBCOT-polymers and their electrochemical properties are presented. For this, a viable three-step synthetic route to 2-bromo-functionalized DBCOT as polymer precursor is developed. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements in solution and of thin films of the DBCOT-polymers demonstrate their potential as battery electrode materials. Half-cell measurements in batteries show pseudo capacitive behavior with Faradaic contributions, which demonstrate that electrode composition and fabrication will play an important role in the future to release the full redox activity of the DBCOT polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauthier Desmaizieres
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Martin E Speer
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, Freiburg, 79104, Germany.,Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 21, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Inna Thiede
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, Bonn, 53121, Germany
| | - Philipp Gaiser
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Verena Perner
- MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 46, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Martin Kolek
- MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 46, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Peter Bieker
- MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 46, Münster, 48149, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute Münster (HI MS), IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Corrensstraße 46, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Martin Winter
- MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 46, Münster, 48149, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute Münster (HI MS), IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Corrensstraße 46, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Birgit Esser
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, Freiburg, 79104, Germany.,Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 21, Freiburg, 79104, Germany.,Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, Freiburg, 79110, Germany
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31
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Xie Y, Zhang K, Yamauchi Y, Oyaizu K, Jia Z. Nitroxide radical polymers for emerging plastic energy storage and organic electronics: fundamentals, materials, and applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:803-829. [PMID: 34821316 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01391a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing demand for portable and flexible electronic devices requires seamless integration of the energy storage system with other electronic components. This ever-growing area has urged on the rapid development of new electroactive materials that not only possess excellent electrochemical properties but hold capabilities to be fabricated to desired shapes. Ideally, these new materials should have minimal impact on the environment at the end of their life. Nitroxide radical polymers (NRPs) with their remarkable electrochemical and physical properties stand out from diverse organic redox systems and have attracted tremendous attention for their identified applications in plastic energy storage and organic devices. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of NRPs with respect to the fundamental electrochemical properties, design principles and fabrication methods for different types of energy storage systems and organic electronic devices. While highlighting some exciting progress on charge transfer theory and emerging applications, we end up with a discussion on the challenges and opportunities regarding the future directions of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xie
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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32
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Feng X, Chen X, Ren B, Wu X, Huang X, Ding R, Sun X, Tan S, Liu E, Gao P. Stabilization of Organic Cathodes by a Temperature-Induced Effect Enabling Higher Energy and Excellent Cyclability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:7178-7187. [PMID: 33538571 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To face the challenge of all-climate application, organic rechargeable batteries must hold the capability of efficiently operating both at high temperatures (>50 °C) and low temperatures (-20 °C). However, the low electronic conductivity and high solubility of organic molecules significantly impede the development in electrochemical energy storage. This issue can be effectively diminished using functionalized porphyrin complex-based organic cathodes by the in-situ electropolymerization of electrodes at elevating temperatures during electrochemical cycling. [5,15-bis(ethynyl)-10,20-diphenylporphinato]copper(II) (CuDEPP)- and 5,15-bis(ethynyl)-10,20-diphenylporphinato (DEPP)-based cathodes are proposed as models, and it is proved that a largely improved electrochemical performance is observed in both cathodes at a high operating temperature. Reversible capacities of 249 and 105 mA h g-1 are obtained for the CuDEPP and DEPP cathodes after 1000 cycles at 50 °C, respectively. The result indicates that the temperature-induced in situ electropolymerization strategy responds to the enhanced electrochemical performance. This study would open new opportunities for developing highly stable organic cathodes for electrochemical energy storage even at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, 411105 Xiangtan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, 411105 Xiangtan, China
| | - Bo Ren
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, 411105 Xiangtan, China
| | - Xing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, 411105 Xiangtan, China
| | - Xiuhui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, 411105 Xiangtan, China
| | - Rui Ding
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, 411105 Xiangtan, China
| | - Xiujuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, 411105 Xiangtan, China
| | - Songting Tan
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, 411105 Xiangtan, China
| | - Enhui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, 411105 Xiangtan, China
| | - Ping Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, 411105 Xiangtan, China
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33
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Hatakeyama-Sato K, Wakamatsu H, Matsumoto S, Sadakuni K, Matsuoka K, Nagatsuka T, Oyaizu K. TEMPO-Substituted Poly(ethylene sulfide) for Solid-State Electro-Chemical Charge Storage. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2000607. [PMID: 33458885 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A poly(ethylene sulfide) backbone is introduced as the main chain of a radical polymer. Anionic ring-opening polymerization of an episulfide monomer substituted with 2,2,6,6tetramethylpiperidin1oxyl (TEMPO), a robust nitroxide radical, yields the corresponding polythioether. Compared to the traditional poly(ethylene oxide) backbone, the new polymer shows a lower glass transition temperature (-10 °C), and about threefold higher solid-state ionic conductivity. The polythioether is also shown to improve the charge/discharge properties of a cathode in solid-state lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hisato Wakamatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Karin Sadakuni
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Koji Matsuoka
- Innovation Technology Center, ENEOS Corporation, Kanagawa, 231-0815, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nagatsuka
- Innovation Technology Center, ENEOS Corporation, Kanagawa, 231-0815, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
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34
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Muench S, Gerlach P, Burges R, Strumpf M, Hoeppener S, Wild A, Lex‐Balducci A, Balducci A, Brendel JC, Schubert US. Emulsion Polymerizations for a Sustainable Preparation of Efficient TEMPO-based Electrodes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:449-455. [PMID: 33078905 PMCID: PMC7839472 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202002251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic polymer-based batteries represent a promising alternative to present-day metal-based systems and a valuable step toward printable and customizable energy storage devices. However, most scientific work is focussed on the development of new redox-active organic materials, while straightforward manufacturing and sustainable materials and production will be a necessary key for the transformation to mass market applications. Here, a new synthetic approach for 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperinidyl-N-oxyl (TEMPO)-based polymer particles by emulsion polymerization and their electrochemical investigation are reported. The developed emulsion polymerization protocol based on an aqueous reaction medium allowed the sustainable synthesis of a redox-active electrode material, combined with simple variation of the polymer particle size, which enabled the preparation of nanoparticles from 35 to 138 nm. Their application in cell experiments revealed a significant effect of the size of the active-polymer particles on the performance of poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperinidyl-N-oxyl methacrylate) (PTMA)-based electrodes. In particular rate capabilities were found to be reduced with larger diameters. Nevertheless, all cells based on the different particles revealed the ability to recover from temporary capacity loss due to application of very high charge/discharge rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Muench
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 1007743 JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Patrick Gerlach
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
- Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental ChemistryFriedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - René Burges
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 1007743 JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Maria Strumpf
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 1007743 JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 1007743 JenaGermany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 707743JenaGermany
| | - Andreas Wild
- Evonik Operations GmbHResearch, Development & InnovationPaul-Baumann-Straße 145772MarlGermany
| | - Alexandra Lex‐Balducci
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 1007743 JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Andrea Balducci
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
- Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental ChemistryFriedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Johannes C. Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 1007743 JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 1007743 JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
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35
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Hua Y, Huang Y, Wang Y, Du Y, Yang H. Phenazine-based spiroborate complex with enhanced electrochemical stability for lithium storage. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj04461c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel lithium bis(2,3-dihydroxyphenazine)borate (LDPB) displays excellent electrochemical performance and was produced using a spiroboration salification strategy, which has been proven to be an effective way to develop novel electrode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hua
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yuanzhu Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Ya Du
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Haishen Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
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36
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Fangmeyer J, Behrens A, Gleede B, Waldvogel SR, Karst U. Mass-Spectrometric Imaging of Electrode Surfaces-a View on Electrochemical Side Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:20428-20433. [PMID: 33448566 PMCID: PMC7693111 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical side reactions, often referred to as "electrode fouling", are known to be a major challenge in electro-organic synthesis and the functionality of modern batteries. Often, polymerization of one or more components is observed. When reaching their limit of solubility, those polymers tend to adsorb on the surface of the electrode, resulting in a passivation of the respective electrode area, which may impact electrochemical performance. Here, matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) is presented as valuable imaging technique to visualize polymer deposition on electrode surfaces. Oligomer size distribution and its dependency on the contact time were imaged on a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode of an electrochemical flow-through cell. The approach allows to detect weak spots, where electrode fouling may take place and provides insight into the identity of side-product pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Fangmeyer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryUniversity of MünsterCorrensstrasse 3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Arne Behrens
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryUniversity of MünsterCorrensstrasse 3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Barbara Gleede
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
| | - Uwe Karst
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryUniversity of MünsterCorrensstrasse 3048149MünsterGermany
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37
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Badetti E, Lloveras V, Amadio E, Di Lorenzo R, Olivares-Marín M, Tesio AY, Zhang S, Pan F, Rissanen K, Veciana J, Tonti D, Vidal-Gancedo J, Zonta C, Licini G. Organic Polyradicals as Redox Mediators: Effect of Intramolecular Radical Interactions on Their Efficiency. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:45968-45975. [PMID: 32930562 PMCID: PMC8011802 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The spin-spin interactions between unpaired electrons in organic (poly)radicals, especially nitroxides, are largely investigated and are of crucial importance for their applications in areas such as organic magnetism, molecular charge transfer, or multiple spin labeling in structural biology. Recently, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl and polymers functionalized with nitroxides have been described as successful redox mediators in several electrochemical applications; however, the study of spin-spin interaction effect in such an area is absent. This communication reports the preparation of a novel family of discrete polynitroxide molecules, with the same number of radical units but different arrangements to study the effect of intramolecular spin-spin interactions on their electrochemical potential and their use as oxidation redox mediators in a Li-oxygen battery. We find that the intensity of interactions, as measured by the d1/d electron paramagnetic resonance parameter, progressively lowers the reduction potential. This allows us to tune the charging potential of the battery, optimizing its energy efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Badetti
- Department of Chemical Sciences and CIRCC Padova Unit, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Vega Lloveras
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), E-08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emanuele Amadio
- Department of Chemical Sciences and CIRCC Padova Unit, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Rosalia Di Lorenzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences and CIRCC Padova Unit, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Mara Olivares-Marín
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Department of Mechanical, Energy and Materials Engineering, University Centre of Mérida, University of Extremadura, Avda. Santa Teresa de Jornet, 38, 06800 Mérida, Spain
| | - Alvaro Y Tesio
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Materiales Avanzados y Almacenamiento de Energía de Jujuy (CIDMEJu), Centro de Desarrollo Tecnológico General Manuel Savio, Av. Martijena S/N, Palpalá Y 4612, Jujuy, Argentina
| | - Songbai Zhang
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Fangfang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P. O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P. O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), E-08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dino Tonti
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Jose Vidal-Gancedo
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), E-08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristiano Zonta
- Department of Chemical Sciences and CIRCC Padova Unit, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Licini
- Department of Chemical Sciences and CIRCC Padova Unit, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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38
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Hager MD, Esser B, Feng X, Schuhmann W, Theato P, Schubert US. Polymer-Based Batteries-Flexible and Thin Energy Storage Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2000587. [PMID: 32830378 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Batteries have become an integral part of everyday life-from small coin cells to batteries for mobile phones, as well as batteries for electric vehicles and an increasing number of stationary energy storage applications. There is a large variety of standardized battery sizes (e.g., the familiar AA-battery or AAA-battery). Interestingly, all these battery systems are based on a huge number of different cell chemistries depending on the application and the corresponding requirements. There is not one single battery type fulfilling all demands for all imaginable applications. One battery class that has been gaining significant interest in recent years is polymer-based batteries. These batteries utilize organic materials as the active parts within the electrodes without utilizing metals (and their compounds) as the redox-active materials. Such polymer-based batteries feature a number of interesting properties, like high power densities and flexible batteries fabrication, among many more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin D Hager
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, Jena, 07743, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Birgit Esser
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 21, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, Bochum, 44780, Germany
| | - Patrick Theato
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 18, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Institute for Biological Interfaces III (IBG3), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, Jena, 07743, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, Jena, 07743, Germany
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39
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Fangmeyer J, Behrens A, Gleede B, Waldvogel SR, Karst U. Mass‐Spectrometric Imaging of Electrode Surfaces—a View on Electrochemical Side Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Fangmeyer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry University of Münster Corrensstrasse 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Arne Behrens
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry University of Münster Corrensstrasse 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Barbara Gleede
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Uwe Karst
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry University of Münster Corrensstrasse 30 48149 Münster Germany
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40
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Obrezkov FA, Dashitsyrenova DD, Lvov AG, Volyniuk DY, Shirinian VZ, Stadler P, Grazulevicius JV, Sariciftci NS, Aldoshin SM, Krayushkin MM, Troshin PA. Light-Sensitive Material Structure-Electrical Performance Relationship for Optical Memory Transistors Incorporating Photochromic Dihetarylethenes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:32987-32993. [PMID: 32583660 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photoswitchable organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) with embedded photochromic materials are considered as a promising platform for development of organic optical memory devices. Unfortunately, the operational mechanism of these devices and guidelines for selection of light-sensitive materials are still poorly explored. In the present work, a series of photochromic dihetarylethenes with a cyclopentenone bridge moiety were investigated as a dielectric/semiconductor interlayer in the structure of photoswitchable OFETs. It was shown that the electrical performance and stability of the devices can be tuned by variation of the substituents in the structure of the photochromic material. In particular, it was found that dihetarylethenes with donor substituents demonstrated the best light-induced switching effects (wider memory windows and higher switching coefficients) in the devices. The operation mechanism of the light-triggered memory devices was proposed based on the differential in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy data and regression analysis of the threshold voltage-programming time experimental dependencies. The established relationships will facilitate further rational design of new photochromic materials, thus paving a way to fast and durable organic optical memories and memory transistors (memristors).
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipp A Obrezkov
- Center for Energy Science and Technology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel Street 3, Moscow 143026, Russia
| | - Dolgor D Dashitsyrenova
- Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Science, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia
| | - Andrey G Lvov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Science, Leninskiy Avenue 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Dmytro Y Volyniuk
- Kaunas University of Technology (KTU), K. Donelaičio g. 73, Kaunas 44249, Lithuania
| | - Valerii Z Shirinian
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Science, Leninskiy Avenue 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Philipp Stadler
- Linz institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, Linz 4040, Austria
| | | | - Niyazi S Sariciftci
- Linz institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, Linz 4040, Austria
| | - Sergey M Aldoshin
- Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Science, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia
| | - Mikhail M Krayushkin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Science, Leninskiy Avenue 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Pavel A Troshin
- Center for Energy Science and Technology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel Street 3, Moscow 143026, Russia
- Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Science, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia
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41
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Rogers FJ, Noble BB, Coote ML. Computational Optimization of Alkoxyamine-based Electrochemical Methylation. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:6104-6110. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c05169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fergus J.M. Rogers
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Benjamin B. Noble
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Michelle L. Coote
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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42
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High-k Polymer Nanocomposite Materials for Technological Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10124249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the properties of small molecules or monomers is decidedly important. The efforts of synthetic chemists and material engineers must be appreciated because of their knowledge of how utilize the properties of synthetic fragments in constructing long-chain macromolecules. Scientists active in this area of macromolecular science have shared their knowledge of catalysts, monomers and a variety of designed nanoparticles in synthetic techniques that create all sorts of nanocomposite polymer stuffs. Such materials are now an integral part of the contemporary world. Polymer nanocomposites with high dielectric constant (high-k) properties are widely applicable in the technological sectors including gate dielectrics, actuators, infrared detectors, tunable capacitors, electro optic devices, organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), and sensors. In this short colloquy, we provided an overview of a few remarkable high-k polymer nanocomposites of material science interest from recent decades.
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43
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Assumma L, Kervella Y, Mouesca JM, Mendez M, Maurel V, Dubois L, Gutel T, Sadki S. A New Conducting Copolymer Bearing Electro-Active Nitroxide Groups as Organic Electrode Materials for Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2419-2427. [PMID: 32315495 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the amount of conducting additives generally required for polynitroxide-based electrodes, a stable radical (TEMPO) is combined with a conductive copolymer backbone consisting of 2,7-bisthiophene carbazole (2,7-BTC), which is characterized by a high intrinsic electronic conductivity. This work deals with the synthesis of this new polymer functionalized by a redox nitroxide. Fine structural characterization using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques established that: 1) the nitroxide radicals are properly attached to the radical chain (continuous wave EPR) and 2) the polymer chain has very rigid conformations leading to a set of well-defined distances between first neighboring pairs of nitroxides (pulsed EPR). The redox group combined with the electroactive polymer showed not only a very high electrochemical reversibility but also a perfect match of redox potentials between the de-/doping reaction of the bisthiophene carbazole backbone and the redox activity of the nitroxide radical. This new organic electrode shows a stable capacity (about 60 mAh g-1 ) and enables a strong reduction in the amount of carbon additive due to the conducting-polymer skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Assumma
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC-SyMMES, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - Y Kervella
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC-SyMMES, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - J-M Mouesca
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC-SyMMES, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - M Mendez
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC-SyMMES, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - V Maurel
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC-SyMMES, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - L Dubois
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC-SyMMES, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - T Gutel
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LITEN, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - S Sadki
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC-SyMMES, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble, France
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44
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Li Q, Wang H, Wang HG, Si Z, Li C, Bai J. A Self-Polymerized Nitro-Substituted Conjugated Carbonyl Compound as High-Performance Cathode for Lithium-Organic Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2449-2456. [PMID: 31867898 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated carbonyl compounds have received much attention as cathode materials for developing green lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, their high dissolution and poor electronic conductivity in organic electrolyte restrict their further application. Herein, a self-polymerized nitro-substituted conjugated carbonyl compound (2,7-dinitropyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone, PT-2 NO2 ) is applied as a high-performance cathode material for LIBs. PT-2 NO2 exhibits a high reversible capacity of 153.9 mAh g-1 at 50 mA g-1 after 120 cycles, which is higher than that of other substituted compounds. Detailed characterization and theoretical calculations have testified that PT-2 NO2 is transformed into an azo polymer through an irreversible reductive coupling reaction in the first discharge process, and then carbonyl and azo groups reversibly react with Li ions in subsequent cycles. In addition, this azo polymer is also synthesized and applied as the electrode material, which shows similar electrochemical performance to PT-2 NO2 but with higher initial coulombic efficiency. Thus, this work provides a simple but effectively way to construct organic cathode materials with multiple redox sites for green and high-performance LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Haidong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Heng-Guo Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhenjun Si
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Chunping Li
- Chemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Huhhote, 010051, P. R. China
| | - Jie Bai
- Chemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Huhhote, 010051, P. R. China
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45
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Hatakeyama-Sato K, Tezuka T, Ichinoi R, Matsumono S, Sadakuni K, Oyaizu K. Metal-Free, Solid-State, Paperlike Rechargeable Batteries Consisting of Redox-Active Polyethers. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2443-2448. [PMID: 31883311 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free and totally organic based batteries were fabricated from functional polyethers. Aliphatic polyethers, in which 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl and viologen were introduced with high density, were used as the cathode and anode active materials, respectively. By stacking nanosheets of the polymers and an imidazolium-substituted polyether as the electrolyte, a solid-state cell only 2 μm thick was made. The anion-type rocking-chair cell showed reversible charge/discharge even at a high rate of 5 C without adding any solvents or plasticizers. Although the unsealed cell was measured under ambient conditions, no significant side reactions (including self-discharging and capacity decay) occurred, whereas conventional electrodes are sensitive to air and water in the charged state. The intrinsic plasticity of the polyethers is also compatible with making free-form, 3D-printable batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toshiki Tezuka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Rieka Ichinoi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsumono
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Karin Sadakuni
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
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46
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Otteny F, Studer G, Kolek M, Bieker P, Winter M, Esser B. Phenothiazine-Functionalized Poly(norbornene)s as High-Rate Cathode Materials for Organic Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2232-2238. [PMID: 31851423 PMCID: PMC7317714 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Organic cathode materials are handled as promising candidates for new energy-storage solutions based on their transition-metal-free composition. Phenothiazine-based polymers are attractive owing to their redox potential of 3.5 V vs. Li/Li+ and high cycling stabilities. Herein, three types of poly(norbornene)s were investigated, functionalized with phenothiazine units through either a direct connection or ester linkages, as well as their crosslinked derivatives. The directly linked poly(3-norbornylphenothiazine)s demonstrated excellent rate capability and cycling stability with a capacity retention of 73 % after 10 000 cycles at a C-rate of 100 C for the crosslinked polymer. The polymer network structure of the crosslinked poly(3-norbornylphenothiazine) was beneficial for its rate performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Otteny
- Institute for Organic ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Gauthier Studer
- Institute for Organic ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Materials Research CenterUniversity of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Str. 2179104FreiburgGermany
- MEET Battery Research CenterInstitute of Physical ChemistryUniversity of MünsterCorrensstraße 4648149MünsterGermany
| | - Martin Kolek
- MEET Battery Research CenterInstitute of Physical ChemistryUniversity of MünsterCorrensstraße 4648149MünsterGermany
| | - Peter Bieker
- MEET Battery Research CenterInstitute of Physical ChemistryUniversity of MünsterCorrensstraße 4648149MünsterGermany
| | - Martin Winter
- MEET Battery Research CenterInstitute of Physical ChemistryUniversity of MünsterCorrensstraße 4648149MünsterGermany
- Helmholtz Institute Münster (HI MS), IEK-12Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHCorrensstraße 4648149MünsterGermany
| | - Birgit Esser
- Institute for Organic ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Materials Research CenterUniversity of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Str. 2179104FreiburgGermany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT-Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired TechnologiesUniversity of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
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47
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Ren SB, Ma W, Zhang C, Chen L, Wang K, Li RR, Shen M, Han DM, Chen Y, Jiang JX. Exploiting Polythiophenyl-Triazine-Based Conjugated Microporous Polymer with Superior Lithium-Storage Performance. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2295-2302. [PMID: 32162415 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) have been heralded as promising energy-storage materials with advantages such as chemical flexibility, porous structure, and environmentally friendliness. Herein, a novel conjugated microporous polymer was synthesized by integrating triazine, thiophene, and benzothiadiazole into a polymer skeleton, and the Li+ -storage performance for the as-synthesized polymer anode in Li-ion batteries (LIBs) was investigated. Benefiting from the inherent large surface area, plentiful redox-active units, and hierarchical porous structure, the polymer anode delivered a high Li+ storage capacity up to 1599 mAh g-1 at a current rate of 50 mA g-1 with an excellent rate behavior (363 mAh g-1 at 5 A g-1 ) and a long-term cyclability of 326 mAh g-1 over 1500 cycles at 5 A g-1 , implying that the newly developed polymer anode offers a great prospect for next-generation LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Bin Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Wenyan Ma
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Rong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Mao Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 317000, P. R. China
| | - De-Man Han
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Xing Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, P. R. China
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48
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Dai G, Gao Y, Niu Z, He P, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Zhou H. Dilution of the Electron Density in the π-Conjugated Skeleton of Organic Cathode Materials Improves the Discharge Voltage. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2264-2270. [PMID: 31953904 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Organic compounds are promising candidates as battery materials because they can be sourced from sustainable resources, have tunable structures, and are cheap. However, the working voltage of battery cells containing organic compounds as positive electrodes is relatively lower than that of those containing an inorganic counterpart. In this work, a strategy was developed to increase the discharge voltage of battery cells by diluting the electron density of N-based redox centers in conjugated organic materials. In electron-rich heterocyclic compounds that utilize N as the redox center, pentatomic rings such as carbazole derivatives exhibited a higher atomic-dipole-moment-corrected Hirshfeld charge population compared with hexatomic rings, which led to a significant increase in the oxidation potential. As a result, polymeric indolocarbazole derivatives showed a high discharge voltage of 3.7-4.3 V vs. Li+ /Li and good cycling performance. Such a strategy can be used to design high-voltage organic electrode materials containing other redox centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaole Dai
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yehua Gao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Niu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 250049, P.R. China
| | - Ping He
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Haoshen Zhou
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, 305-8568, Japan
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49
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Sano H, Takeichi N, Kato M, Shikano M, Kiyobayashi T, Matsumoto H, Kuwabata S, Yao M. Analytical Measurements to Elucidate Structural Behavior of 2,5-Dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone During Charge and Discharge. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2354-2363. [PMID: 32220113 PMCID: PMC7317396 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Organic compounds as electrode materials can contribute to sustainability because they are nontoxic and environmentally abundant. The working mechanism during charge-discharge for reported organic compounds as electrode materials is yet to be completely understood. In this study, the structural behavior of 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone (DMBQ) during charge-discharge is investigated by using NMR spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, magnetic measurements, operando Raman spectroscopy, and operando X-ray diffraction. For both lithium and sodium systems, DMBQ works as a cathode accompanied with the insertion and deinsertion of Li and Na ions during charge-discharge processes. The DMBQ sample is found to be in two-phase coexistence state at the higher voltage plateau, and the radical monoanion and dianion phases have no long-distance ordering. These structures reversibly change into the original neutral phase with long-distance ordering. These techniques can show the charge-discharge mechanism and the factors that determine the deterioration of organic batteries, thus guiding the design of future high-performance organic batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Sano
- Research Institute of Electrochemical EnergyDepartment of Energy and EnvironmentNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)1-8-31 MidorigaokaIkedaOsaka563-8577Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Takeichi
- Research Institute of Electrochemical EnergyDepartment of Energy and EnvironmentNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)1-8-31 MidorigaokaIkedaOsaka563-8577Japan
| | - Minami Kato
- Research Institute of Electrochemical EnergyDepartment of Energy and EnvironmentNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)1-8-31 MidorigaokaIkedaOsaka563-8577Japan
| | - Masahiro Shikano
- Research Institute of Electrochemical EnergyDepartment of Energy and EnvironmentNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)1-8-31 MidorigaokaIkedaOsaka563-8577Japan
| | - Tetsu Kiyobayashi
- Research Institute of Electrochemical EnergyDepartment of Energy and EnvironmentNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)1-8-31 MidorigaokaIkedaOsaka563-8577Japan
| | - Hajime Matsumoto
- Research Institute of Electrochemical EnergyDepartment of Energy and EnvironmentNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)1-8-31 MidorigaokaIkedaOsaka563-8577Japan
- Department of Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringOsaka University2-1 Yamada-okaSuitaOsaka565-0871Japan
| | - Susumu Kuwabata
- Research Institute of Electrochemical EnergyDepartment of Energy and EnvironmentNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)1-8-31 MidorigaokaIkedaOsaka563-8577Japan
- Department of Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringOsaka University2-1 Yamada-okaSuitaOsaka565-0871Japan
| | - Masaru Yao
- Research Institute of Electrochemical EnergyDepartment of Energy and EnvironmentNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)1-8-31 MidorigaokaIkedaOsaka563-8577Japan
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50
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Poizot P, Gaubicher J, Renault S, Dubois L, Liang Y, Yao Y. Opportunities and Challenges for Organic Electrodes in Electrochemical Energy Storage. Chem Rev 2020; 120:6490-6557. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Poizot
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Joël Gaubicher
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Stéven Renault
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Lionel Dubois
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG,
SyMMES, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Yanliang Liang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Yan Yao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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