1
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Wang P, Shi W, Liu S, Shi Y, Jiang X, Li F, Chen S, Sun K, Xu R. ccdc141 is required for left-right axis development by regulating cilia formation in the Kupffer's vesicle of zebrafish. J Genet Genomics 2024:S1673-8527(24)00192-9. [PMID: 39047937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Laterality is a crucial physiological process intricately linked to the cilium-centrosome complex during embryo development. Defects in the process can result in severe organ mispositioning. Coiled-Coil Domain Containing 141 (CCDC141) has been previously known as a centrosome-related gene, but its role in left-right (LR) asymmetry has not been characterized. In this study, we utilize the zebrafish model and human exome analysis to elucidate the function of CCDC141 in laterality defects. The knockdown of ccdc141 in zebrafish disrupts early LR signaling pathways, cilia function, and Kupffer's vesicle (KV) formation. Unlike ccdc141-knockdown embryos exhibiting aberrant LR patterns, ccdc141-null mutants show no apparent abnormality, suggesting a genetic compensation response effect. In parallel, we observe a marked reduction in α-tubulin acetylation levels in the ccdc141 crispants. The treatment with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, particularly the HDAC6 inhibitor, rescues the ccdc141 crispant phenotypes. Furthermore, exome analysis of 70 patients with laterality defects reveals an increased burden of CCDC141 mutations, with in-vivo studies verifying the pathogenicity of the patient mutation CCDC141-R123G. Our findings highlight the critical role of CCDC141 in ciliogenesis and demonstrate that CCDC141 mutations lead to abnormal LR patterns. Thus, we identify CCDC141 as a causative gene for lateral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenxiang Shi
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Sijie Liu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yunjing Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Failure Center, Ruijin Hospital, Ruijin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xuechao Jiang
- Scientific Research Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Sun Chen
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Kun Sun
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Rang Xu
- Scientific Research Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
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2
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Ng M, Ma L, Shi J, Jeffery WR. Natural reversal of cavefish heart asymmetry is controlled by Sonic Hedgehog effects on the left-right organizer. Development 2024; 151:dev202611. [PMID: 38940473 PMCID: PMC11273321 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The direction of left-right visceral asymmetry is conserved in vertebrates. Deviations of the standard asymmetric pattern are rare, and the underlying mechanisms are not understood. Here, we use the teleost Astyanax mexicanus, consisting of surface fish with normal left-oriented heart asymmetry and cavefish with high levels of reversed right-oriented heart asymmetry, to explore natural changes in asymmetry determination. We show that Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling is increased at the posterior midline, Kupffer's vesicle (the teleost left-right organizer) is enlarged and contains longer cilia, and the number of dorsal forerunner cells is increased in cavefish. Furthermore, Shh increase in surface fish embryos induces asymmetric changes resembling the cavefish phenotype. Asymmetric expression of the Nodal antagonist Dand5 is equalized or reversed in cavefish, and Shh increase in surface fish mimics changes in cavefish dand5 asymmetry. Shh decrease reduces the level of right-oriented heart asymmetry in cavefish. Thus, naturally occurring modifications in cavefish heart asymmetry are controlled by the effects of Shh signaling on left-right organizer function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Ng
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Janet Shi
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - William R. Jeffery
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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3
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Juan T, Ebnicher G. In preprints: Shh signaling activity predicts cardiac laterality in Astyanax mexicanus populations. Development 2024; 151:dev202806. [PMID: 38451186 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Juan
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Greta Ebnicher
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
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4
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Gopalakrishnan J, Feistel K, Friedrich BM, Grapin‐Botton A, Jurisch‐Yaksi N, Mass E, Mick DU, Müller R, May‐Simera H, Schermer B, Schmidts M, Walentek P, Wachten D. Emerging principles of primary cilia dynamics in controlling tissue organization and function. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113891. [PMID: 37743763 PMCID: PMC10620770 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023113891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia project from the surface of most vertebrate cells and are key in sensing extracellular signals and locally transducing this information into a cellular response. Recent findings show that primary cilia are not merely static organelles with a distinct lipid and protein composition. Instead, the function of primary cilia relies on the dynamic composition of molecules within the cilium, the context-dependent sensing and processing of extracellular stimuli, and cycles of assembly and disassembly in a cell- and tissue-specific manner. Thereby, primary cilia dynamically integrate different cellular inputs and control cell fate and function during tissue development. Here, we review the recently emerging concept of primary cilia dynamics in tissue development, organization, remodeling, and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Gopalakrishnan
- Institute for Human Genetics, Heinrich‐Heine‐UniversitätUniversitätsklinikum DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Kerstin Feistel
- Department of Zoology, Institute of BiologyUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
| | | | - Anne Grapin‐Botton
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU DresdenDresdenGermany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at The University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of the TU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Nathalie Jurisch‐Yaksi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular MedicineNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Elvira Mass
- Life and Medical Sciences Institute, Developmental Biology of the Immune SystemUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
| | - David U Mick
- Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Center of Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB)Saarland School of MedicineHomburgGermany
| | - Roman‐Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Helen May‐Simera
- Institute of Molecular PhysiologyJohannes Gutenberg‐UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Bernhard Schermer
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Miriam Schmidts
- Pediatric Genetics Division, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- CIBSS‐Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Peter Walentek
- CIBSS‐Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Renal Division, Internal Medicine IV, Medical CenterUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Dagmar Wachten
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Biophysical Imaging, Medical FacultyUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
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Aljiboury AA, Ingram E, Krishnan N, Ononiwu F, Pal D, Manikas J, Taveras C, Hall NA, Da Silva J, Freshour J, Hehnly H. Rab8, Rab11, and Rab35 coordinate lumen and cilia formation during zebrafish left-right organizer development. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010765. [PMID: 37186603 PMCID: PMC10212091 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
An essential process during Danio rerio's left-right organizer (Kupffer's Vesicle, KV) formation is the formation of a motile cilium by developing KV cells which extends into the KV lumen. Beating of motile cilia within the KV lumen directs fluid flow to establish the embryo's left-right axis. However, the timepoint at which KV cells start to form cilia and how cilia formation is coordinated with KV lumen formation have not been examined. We identified that nascent KV cells form cilia at their centrosomes at random intracellular positions that then move towards a forming apical membrane containing cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Using optogenetic clustering approaches, we found that Rab35 positive membranes recruit Rab11 to modulate CFTR delivery to the apical membrane, which is required for lumen opening, and subsequent cilia extension into the lumen. Once the intracellular cilia reach the CFTR positive apical membrane, Arl13b-positive cilia extend and elongate in a Rab8 dependent manner into the forming lumen once the lumen reaches an area of 300 μm2. These studies demonstrate the need to acutely coordinate Rab8, Rab11, and Rab35-mediated membrane trafficking events to ensure appropriate timing in lumen and cilia formation during KV development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar A. Aljiboury
- Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Eric Ingram
- Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Nikhila Krishnan
- Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Favour Ononiwu
- Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Debadrita Pal
- Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Julie Manikas
- Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Christopher Taveras
- Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Nicole A. Hall
- Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Jonah Da Silva
- Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Judy Freshour
- Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Heidi Hehnly
- Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
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6
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Wang Y, Ren Y, Ning X, Li G, Sang N. Environmental exposure to triazole fungicide causes left-right asymmetry defects and contributes to abnormal heart development in zebrafish embryos by activating PPARγ-coupled Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160286. [PMID: 36403845 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Triazole fungicides have been widely used all over the world. However, their potential ecological safety and health risks remain unclear, especially their cardiac developmental toxicity. This study systematically investigated whether and how triazole fungicides could activate peroxisome proliferative activity receptor γ (PPARγ) to cause abnormal heart development. Among ten triazole fungicides, difenoconazole (DIF) exhibited the strongest agonistic activity and caused severe pericardial edema in zebrafish embryos, accompanied by a reduction in heart rate, blood flow and cardiac function. In vitro transcriptomic profile implicated that DIF inhibited the Wnt signaling pathway, and in vivo DIF exposure significantly increased the phosphorylation of β-catenin (p = 0.0002) and altered the expression of related genes in zebrafish embryos. Importantly, exposure to DIF could activate PPARγ and inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which changed the size of Kupffer's vesicle (KV) (p = 0.02), altered the expression of left-right (LR) asymmetry-related genes, caused cardiac LR asymmetry defect, and eventually led to abnormal heart development. These findings provide evidence for potential developmental toxicity of triazole fungicides and highlight the necessity of assessing their ecological safety and human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Ying Ren
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Xia Ning
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China.
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
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7
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Forrest K, Barricella AC, Pohar SA, Hinman AM, Amack JD. Understanding laterality disorders and the left-right organizer: Insights from zebrafish. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1035513. [PMID: 36619867 PMCID: PMC9816872 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1035513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vital internal organs display a left-right (LR) asymmetric arrangement that is established during embryonic development. Disruption of this LR asymmetry-or laterality-can result in congenital organ malformations. Situs inversus totalis (SIT) is a complete concordant reversal of internal organs that results in a low occurrence of clinical consequences. Situs ambiguous, which gives rise to Heterotaxy syndrome (HTX), is characterized by discordant development and arrangement of organs that is associated with a wide range of birth defects. The leading cause of health problems in HTX patients is a congenital heart malformation. Mutations identified in patients with laterality disorders implicate motile cilia in establishing LR asymmetry. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying SIT and HTX are not fully understood. In several vertebrates, including mouse, frog and zebrafish, motile cilia located in a "left-right organizer" (LRO) trigger conserved signaling pathways that guide asymmetric organ development. Perturbation of LRO formation and/or function in animal models recapitulates organ malformations observed in SIT and HTX patients. This provides an opportunity to use these models to investigate the embryological origins of laterality disorders. The zebrafish embryo has emerged as an important model for investigating the earliest steps of LRO development. Here, we discuss clinical characteristics of human laterality disorders, and highlight experimental results from zebrafish that provide insights into LRO biology and advance our understanding of human laterality disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadeen Forrest
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Alexandria C. Barricella
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Sonny A. Pohar
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Anna Maria Hinman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Jeffrey D. Amack
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
- BioInspired Syracuse: Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse, NY, United States
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8
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Liu S, Wei W, Wang P, Liu C, Jiang X, Li T, Li F, Wu Y, Chen S, Sun K, Xu R. LOF variants identifying candidate genes of laterality defects patients with congenital heart disease. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010530. [PMID: 36459505 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in laterality pattern can result in abnormal positioning of the internal organs during the early stages of embryogenesis, as manifested in heterotaxy syndrome and situs inversus, while laterality defects account for 3~7% of all congenital heart defects (CHDs). However, the pathogenic mechanism underlying most laterality defects remains unknown. In this study, we recruited 70 laterality defect patients with CHDs to identify candidate disease genes by exome sequencing. We then evaluated rare, loss-of-function (LOF) variants, identifying candidates by referring to previous literature. We chose TRIP11, DNHD1, CFAP74, and EGR4 as candidates from 776 LOF variants that met the initial screening criteria. After the variants-to-gene mapping, we performed function research on these candidate genes. The expression patterns and functions of these four candidate genes were studied by whole-mount in situ hybridization, gene knockdown, and gene rescue methods in zebrafish models. Among the four genes, trip11, dnhd1, and cfap74 morphant zebrafish displayed abnormalities in both cardiac looping and expression patterns of early signaling molecules, suggesting that these genes play important roles in the establishment of laterality patterns. Furthermore, we performed immunostaining and high-speed cilia video microscopy to investigate Kupffer's vesicle organogenesis and ciliogenesis of morphant zebrafish. Impairments of Kupffer's vesicle organogenesis or ciliogenesis were found in trip11, dnhd1, and cfap74 morphant zebrafish, which revealed the possible pathogenic mechanism of their LOF variants in laterality defects. These results highlight the importance of rare, LOF variants in identifying disease-related genes and identifying new roles for TRIP11, DNHD1, and CFAP74 in left-right patterning. Additionally, these findings are consistent with the complex genetics of laterality defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Liu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunjie Liu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuechao Jiang
- Scientific Research Center, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yurong Wu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sun Chen
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Sun
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rang Xu
- Scientific Research Center, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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9
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Stark BC, Gao Y, Sepich DS, Belk L, Culver MA, Hu B, Mekel M, Ferris W, Shin J, Solnica-Krezel L, Lin F, Cooper JA. CARMIL3 is important for cell migration and morphogenesis during early development in zebrafish. Dev Biol 2022; 481:148-159. [PMID: 34599906 PMCID: PMC8781030 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cell migration is important during early animal embryogenesis. Cell migration and cell shape are controlled by actin assembly and dynamics, which depend on capping proteins, including the barbed-end heterodimeric actin capping protein (CP). CP activity can be regulated by capping-protein-interacting (CPI) motif proteins, including CARMIL (capping protein Arp2/3 myosin-I linker) family proteins. Previous studies of CARMIL3, one of the three highly conserved CARMIL genes in vertebrates, have largely been limited to cells in culture. Towards understanding CARMIL function during embryogenesis in vivo, we analyzed zebrafish lines carrying mutations of carmil3. Maternal-zygotic mutants showed impaired endodermal migration during gastrulation, along with defects in dorsal forerunner cell (DFC) cluster formation, which affected the morphogenesis of Kupffer's vesicle (KV). Mutant KVs were smaller, contained fewer cells and displayed decreased numbers of cilia, leading to defects in left/right (L/R) patterning with variable penetrance and expressivity. The penetrance and expressivity of the KV phenotype in carmil3 mutants correlated well with the L/R heart positioning defect at the end of embryogenesis. This in vivo animal study of CARMIL3 reveals its new role during morphogenesis of the vertebrate embryo. This role involves migration of endodermal cells and DFCs, along with subsequent morphogenesis of the KV and L/R asymmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C. Stark
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Yuanyuan Gao
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Diane S. Sepich
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Lakyn Belk
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Matthew A. Culver
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Marlene Mekel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Wyndham Ferris
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Jimann Shin
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Lilianna Solnica-Krezel
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO,Corresponding authors. Email addresses for correspondence after publication: Fang Lin, ; Lilianna Solnica-Krezel, ; John Cooper,
| | - Fang Lin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA.,Corresponding authors. Email addresses for correspondence after publication: Fang Lin, ; Lilianna Solnica-Krezel, ; John Cooper,
| | - John A. Cooper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO,Corresponding authors. Email addresses for correspondence after publication: Fang Lin, ; Lilianna Solnica-Krezel, ; John Cooper,
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10
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Sanematsu PC, Erdemci-Tandogan G, Patel H, Retzlaff EM, Amack JD, Manning ML. 3D viscoelastic drag forces contribute to cell shape changes during organogenesis in the zebrafish embryo. Cells Dev 2021; 168:203718. [PMID: 34273601 PMCID: PMC8758797 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2021.203718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The left-right organizer in zebrafish embryos, Kupffer's Vesicle (KV), is a simple organ that undergoes programmed asymmetric cell shape changes that are necessary to establish the left-right axis of the embryo. We use simulations and experiments to investigate whether 3D mechanical drag forces generated by the posteriorly-directed motion of the KV through the tailbud tissue are sufficient to drive such shape changes. We develop a fully 3D vertex-like (Voronoi) model for the tissue architecture, and demonstrate that the tissue can generate drag forces and drive cell shape changes. Furthermore, we find that tailbud tissue presents a shear-thinning, viscoelastic behavior consistent with those observed in published experiments. We then perform live imaging experiments and particle image velocimetry analysis to quantify the precise tissue velocity gradients around KV as a function of developmental time. We observe robust velocity gradients around the KV, indicating that mechanical drag forces must be exerted on the KV by the tailbud tissue. We demonstrate that experimentally observed velocity fields are consistent with the viscoelastic response seen in simulations. This work also suggests that 3D viscoelastic drag forces could be a generic mechanism for cell shape change in other biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula C Sanematsu
- Department of Physics and BioInspired Syracuse: Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Gonca Erdemci-Tandogan
- Department of Physics and BioInspired Syracuse: Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Himani Patel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA, 13210
| | - Emma M Retzlaff
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA, 13210
| | - Jeffrey D Amack
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA, 13210
| | - M Lisa Manning
- Department of Physics and BioInspired Syracuse: Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
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11
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Oliveira I, Jacinto R, Pestana S, Nolasco F, Calado J, Lopes SS, Roxo-Rosa M. Zebrafish Model as a Screen to Prevent Cyst Inflation in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169013. [PMID: 34445719 PMCID: PMC8396643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), kidney cyst growth requires the recruitment of CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator), the chloride channel that is defective in cystic fibrosis. We have been studying cyst inflation using the zebrafish Kupffer’s vesicle (KV) as model system because we previously demonstrated that knocking down polycystin 2 (PC2) induced a CFTR-mediated enlargement of the organ. We have now quantified the PC2 knockdown by showing that it causes a 73% reduction in the number of KV cilia expressing PC2. According to the literature, this is an essential event in kidney cystogenesis in ADPKD mice. Additionally, we demonstrated that the PC2 knockdown leads to a significant accumulation of CFTR-GFP at the apical region of the KV cells. Furthermore, we determined that KV enlargement is rescued by the injection of Xenopus pkd2 mRNA and by 100 µM tolvaptan treatment, the unique and approved pharmacologic approach for ADPKD management. We expected vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist to lower the cAMP levels of KV-lining cells and, thus, to inactivate CFTR. These findings further support the use of the KV as an in vivo model for screening compounds that may prevent cyst enlargement in this ciliopathy, through CFTR inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Oliveira
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (I.O.); (R.J.); (S.P.)
| | - Raquel Jacinto
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (I.O.); (R.J.); (S.P.)
| | - Sara Pestana
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (I.O.); (R.J.); (S.P.)
| | - Fernando Nolasco
- Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Central, Hospital de Curry Cabral, Rua da Beneficência, 8, 1069-166 Lisboa, Portugal; (F.N.); (J.C.)
| | - Joaquim Calado
- Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Central, Hospital de Curry Cabral, Rua da Beneficência, 8, 1069-166 Lisboa, Portugal; (F.N.); (J.C.)
- ToxOmics, Center of ToxicoGenomics & Human Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Susana Santos Lopes
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (I.O.); (R.J.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.L.); (M.R.-R.)
| | - Mónica Roxo-Rosa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (I.O.); (R.J.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.L.); (M.R.-R.)
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12
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Moreno-Ayala R, Olivares-Chauvet P, Schäfer R, Junker JP. Variability of an Early Developmental Cell Population Underlies Stochastic Laterality Defects. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108606. [PMID: 33440143 PMCID: PMC7809618 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic development seemingly proceeds with almost perfect precision. However, it is largely unknown how much underlying microscopic variability is compatible with normal development. Here, we quantify embryo-to-embryo variability in vertebrate development by studying cell number variation in the zebrafish endoderm. We notice that the size of a sub-population of the endoderm, the dorsal forerunner cells (DFCs, which later form the left-right organizer), exhibits significantly more embryo-to-embryo variation than the rest of the endoderm. We find that, with incubation of the embryos at elevated temperature, the frequency of left-right laterality defects is increased drastically in embryos with a low number of DFCs. Furthermore, we observe that these fluctuations have a large stochastic component among fish of the same genetic background. Hence, a stochastic variation in early development leads to a remarkably strong macroscopic phenotype. These fluctuations appear to be associated with maternal effects in the specification of the DFCs. High embryo-to-embryo variability of dorsal forerunner cell numbers Fluctuations of dorsal forerunner cells have a large stochastic component Embryos with fewer dorsal forerunner cells frequently develop laterality defects Variability of dorsal forerunner cell numbers is associated to maternal effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Moreno-Ayala
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Hannoversche Strasse 28, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pedro Olivares-Chauvet
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Hannoversche Strasse 28, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ronny Schäfer
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Hannoversche Strasse 28, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Philipp Junker
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Hannoversche Strasse 28, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
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13
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Gallagher MT, Montenegro-Johnson TD, Smith DJ. Simulations of particle tracking in the oligociliated mouse node and implications for left-right symmetry-breaking mechanics. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 375:20190161. [PMID: 31884925 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of internal anatomical asymmetry is familiar-usually in humans the heart is on the left and the liver is on the right; however, how does the developing embryo know to produce this consistent laterality? Symmetry-breaking initiates with left-right asymmetric cilia-driven fluid mechanics in a small fluid-filled structure called the ventral node in mice. However, the question of what converts this flow into left-right asymmetric development remains unanswered. A leading hypothesis is that flow transports morphogen-containing vesicles within the node, the absorption of which results in asymmetrical gene expression. To investigate how vesicle transport might result in the situs patterns observe in wild-type and mutant experiments, we extend the open-source Stokes flow package, NEAREST, to consider the hydrodynamic and Brownian motion of particles in a mouse model with flow driven by one, two and 112 beating cilia. Three models for morphogen-containing particle released are simulated to assess their compatibility with observed results in oligociliated and wild-type mouse embryos: uniformly random release, localized cilium stress-induced release and localized release from motile cilia themselves. Only the uniformly random release model appears consistent with the data, with neither localized release model resulting in significant transport in the oligociliated embryo. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Unity and diversity of cilia in locomotion and transport'.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Gallagher
- School of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | | | - D J Smith
- School of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT UK
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14
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Fillatre J, Fauny JD, Fels JA, Li C, Goll M, Thisse C, Thisse B. TEADs, Yap, Taz, Vgll4s transcription factors control the establishment of Left-Right asymmetry in zebrafish. eLife 2019; 8:45241. [PMID: 31513014 PMCID: PMC6759317 DOI: 10.7554/elife.45241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In many vertebrates, establishment of Left-Right (LR) asymmetry results from the activity of a ciliated organ functioning as the LR Organizer (LRO). While regulation of the formation of this structure by major signaling pathways has been described, the transcriptional control of LRO formation is poorly understood. Using the zebrafish model, we show that the transcription factors and cofactors mediating or regulating the transcriptional outcome of the Hippo signaling pathway play a pivotal role in controlling the expression of genes essential to the formation of the LRO including ligands and receptors of signaling pathways involved in this process and most genes required for motile ciliogenesis. Moreover, the transcription cofactor, Vgll4l regulates epigenetic programming in LRO progenitors by controlling the expression of writers and readers of DNA methylation marks. Altogether, our study uncovers a novel and essential role for the transcriptional effectors and regulators of the Hippo pathway in establishing LR asymmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Fillatre
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
| | - Jean-Daniel Fauny
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France.,Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Cheng Li
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, United States
| | - Mary Goll
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, United States
| | - Christine Thisse
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Bernard Thisse
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
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15
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Functional analysis of new human Bardet-Biedl syndrome loci specific variants in the zebrafish model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12936. [PMID: 31506453 PMCID: PMC6736949 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49217-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The multiple genetic approaches available for molecular diagnosis of human diseases have made possible to identify an increasing number of pathogenic genetic changes, particularly with the advent of next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. However, the main challenge lies in the interpretation of their functional impact, which has resulted in the widespread use of animal models. We describe here the functional modelling of seven BBS loci variants, most of them novel, in zebrafish embryos to validate their in silico prediction of pathogenicity. We show that target knockdown (KD) of known BBS (BBS1, BB5 or BBS6) loci leads to developmental defects commonly associated with ciliopathies, as previously described. These KD pleiotropic phenotypes were rescued by co-injecting human wild type (WT) loci sequence but not with the equivalent mutated mRNAs, providing evidence of the pathogenic effect of these BBS changes. Furthermore, direct assessment of cilia located in Kupffer's vesicle (KV) showed a reduction of ciliary length associated with all the studied variants, thus confirming a deleterious effect. Taken together, our results seem to prove the pathogenicity of the already classified and unclassified new BBS variants, as well as highlight the usefulness of zebrafish as an animal model for in vivo assays in human ciliopathies.
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16
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Zhu C, Guo Z, Zhang Y, Liu M, Chen B, Cao K, Wu Y, Yang M, Yin W, Zhao H, Tai H, Ou Y, Yu X, Liu C, Li S, Su B, Feng Y, Huang S. Aplnra/b Sequentially Regulate Organ Left-Right Patterning via Distinct Mechanisms. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1225-1239. [PMID: 31223282 PMCID: PMC6567806 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.30100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The G protein-coupled receptor APJ/Aplnr has been widely reported to be involved in heart and vascular development and disease, but whether it contributes to organ left-right patterning is largely unknown. Here, we show that in zebrafish, aplnra/b coordinates organ LR patterning in an apela/apln ligand-dependent manner using distinct mechanisms at different stages. During gastrulation and early somitogenesis, aplnra/b loss of function results in heart and liver LR asymmetry defects, accompanied by disturbed KV/cilia morphogenesis and disrupted left-sided Nodal/spaw expression in the LPM. In this process, only aplnra loss of function results in KV/cilia morphogenesis defect. In addition, only apela works as the early endogenous ligand to regulate KV morphogenesis, which then contributes to left-sided Nodal/spaw expression and subsequent organ LR patterning. The aplnra-apela cascade regulates KV morphogenesis by enhancing the expression of foxj1a, but not fgf8 or dnh9, during KV development. At the late somite stage, both aplnra and aplnrb contribute to the expression of lft1 in the trunk midline but do not regulate KV formation, and this role is possibly mediated by both endogenous ligands, apela and apln. In conclusion, our study is the first to identify a role for aplnra/b and their endogenous ligands apela/apln in LR patterning, and it clarifies the distinct roles of aplnra-apela and aplnra/b-apela/apln in orchestrating organ LR patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengke Zhu
- College of Animal Science in Rongchang Campus, Southwest University, Key Laboratary of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Aquatics Science of Chongqing, Chongqing 402460, China.,UoE Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Bioquarter, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Zhenghua Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, CSTC2009CA5002; Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400014, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Development and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Min Liu
- Development and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Bingyu Chen
- Development and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Kang Cao
- Development and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Yongmei Wu
- Development and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Min Yang
- Development and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Wenqing Yin
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. USA
| | - Haixia Zhao
- Development and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Haoran Tai
- Development and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Yu Ou
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College , Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College , Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology of Chongqing and Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Shurong Li
- Development and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Bingyin Su
- Development and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Yi Feng
- UoE Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Bioquarter, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Sizhou Huang
- Development and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
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17
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Xie S, Jin J, Xu Z, Huang Y, Zhang W, Zhao L, Lo LJ, Peng J, Liu W, Wang F, Shu Q, Zhou T. Centrosomal protein FOR20 is essential for cilia-dependent development in zebrafish embryos. FASEB J 2018; 33:3613-3622. [PMID: 30475641 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801235rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Centrosomal proteins play critical roles in ciliogenesis. Mutations in many centrosomal proteins have been documented to contribute to developmental defects and cilium-related diseases. Centrosomal protein fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 oncogene partner-related protein of 20 kDa (FOR20) is crucial for ciliogenesis in mammalian cells and the unicellular eukaryote Paramecium; however, the biologic significance of FOR20 in vertebrate development remains unclear. We cloned the zebrafish homolog of the for20 gene and found that for20 mRNA is enriched in ciliated tissues during early zebrafish development. Knockdown of for20 by morpholino oligonucleotides in zebrafish results in multiple ciliary phenotypes, including curved body, hydrocephaly, pericardial edema, kidney cysts, and left-right asymmetry defects. for20 morphants show reduced number and length of cilia in Kupffer's vesicle and pronephric ducts. High-speed video microscopy reveals that cilia in most for20 morphants are consistently paralyzed or beat arrhythmically. To confirm the ciliary phenotypes of for20 morphants, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to disrupt for20 gene in zebrafish. for20 mutants exhibit multiple ciliary phenotypes resembling the defects in for20 morphants. All of these phenotypes in for20 morphants and mutants are significantly reversed by exogenous expression of for20 mRNA. Taken together, these data suggest that FOR20 is required for cilium-mediated processes during zebrafish embryogenesis.-Xie, S., Jin, J., Xu, Z., Huang, Y., Zhang, W., Zhao, L., Lo, L. J., Peng, J., Liu, W., Wang, F., Shu, Q., Zhou, T. Centrosomal protein FOR20 is essential for cilia-dependent development in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Xie
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhangqi Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuliang Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Jan Lo
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; and
| | - Jinrong Peng
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; and
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fudi Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Shu
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianhua Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Joint Institute of Genetics and Genomic Medicine between Zhejiang University and University of Toronto, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Saydmohammed M, Yagi H, Calderon M, Clark MJ, Feinstein T, Sun M, Stolz DB, Watkins SC, Amack JD, Lo CW, Tsang M. Vertebrate myosin 1d regulates left-right organizer morphogenesis and laterality. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3381. [PMID: 30139971 PMCID: PMC6107537 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05866-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Establishing left-right asymmetry is a fundamental process essential for arrangement of visceral organs during development. In vertebrates, motile cilia-driven fluid flow in the left-right organizer (LRO) is essential for initiating symmetry breaking event. Here, we report that myosin 1d (myo1d) is essential for establishing left-right asymmetry in zebrafish. Using super-resolution microscopy, we show that the zebrafish LRO, Kupffer's vesicle (KV), fails to form a spherical lumen and establish proper unidirectional flow in the absence of myo1d. This process requires directed vacuolar trafficking in KV epithelial cells. Interestingly, the vacuole transporting function of zebrafish Myo1d can be substituted by myosin1C derived from an ancient eukaryote, Acanthamoeba castellanii, where it regulates the transport of contractile vacuoles. Our findings reveal an evolutionary conserved role for an unconventional myosin in vacuole trafficking, lumen formation, and determining laterality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manush Saydmohammed
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 5th Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 5213, USA.
| | - Hisato Yagi
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 5th Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 5213, USA
| | - Michael Calderon
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3500 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Madeline J Clark
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Timothy Feinstein
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 5th Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 5213, USA
| | - Ming Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3500 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Donna B Stolz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3500 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Simon C Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3500 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Amack
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Cecilia W Lo
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 5th Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 5213, USA
| | - Michael Tsang
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 5th Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 5213, USA.
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19
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Juan T, Géminard C, Coutelis JB, Cerezo D, Polès S, Noselli S, Fürthauer M. Myosin1D is an evolutionarily conserved regulator of animal left-right asymmetry. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1942. [PMID: 29769531 PMCID: PMC5955935 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04284-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of left-right (LR) asymmetry is fundamental to animal development, but the identification of a unifying mechanism establishing laterality across different phyla has remained elusive. A cilia-driven, directional fluid flow is important for symmetry breaking in numerous vertebrates, including zebrafish. Alternatively, LR asymmetry can be established independently of cilia, notably through the intrinsic chirality of the acto-myosin cytoskeleton. Here, we show that Myosin1D (Myo1D), a previously identified regulator of Drosophila LR asymmetry, is essential for the formation and function of the zebrafish LR organizer (LRO), Kupffer's vesicle (KV). Myo1D controls the orientation of LRO cilia and interacts functionally with the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway component VanGogh-like2 (Vangl2), to shape a productive LRO flow. Our findings identify Myo1D as an evolutionarily conserved regulator of animal LR asymmetry, and show that functional interactions between Myo1D and PCP are central to the establishment of animal LR asymmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Juan
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, F-06108, France
| | - Charles Géminard
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, F-06108, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Coutelis
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, F-06108, France
| | - Delphine Cerezo
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, F-06108, France
| | - Sophie Polès
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, F-06108, France
| | - Stéphane Noselli
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, F-06108, France.
| | - Maximilian Fürthauer
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, F-06108, France.
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20
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Dasgupta A, Merkel M, Clark MJ, Jacob AE, Dawson JE, Manning ML, Amack JD. Cell volume changes contribute to epithelial morphogenesis in zebrafish Kupffer's vesicle. eLife 2018; 7:30963. [PMID: 29376824 PMCID: PMC5800858 DOI: 10.7554/elife.30963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
How epithelial cell behaviors are coordinately regulated to sculpt tissue architecture is a fundamental question in biology. Kupffer’s vesicle (KV), a transient organ with a fluid-filled lumen, provides a simple system to investigate the interplay between intrinsic cellular mechanisms and external forces during epithelial morphogenesis. Using 3-dimensional (3D) analyses of single cells we identify asymmetric cell volume changes along the anteroposterior axis of KV that coincide with asymmetric cell shape changes. Blocking ion flux prevents these cell volume changes and cell shape changes. Vertex simulations suggest cell shape changes do not depend on lumen expansion. Consistent with this prediction, asymmetric changes in KV cell volume and shape occur normally when KV lumen growth fails due to leaky cell adhesions. These results indicate ion flux mediates cell volume changes that contribute to asymmetric cell shape changes in KV, and that these changes in epithelial morphology are separable from lumen-generated forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnik Dasgupta
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, United States
| | - Matthias Merkel
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, United States
| | - Madeline J Clark
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, United States
| | - Andrew E Jacob
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, United States
| | | | - M Lisa Manning
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Amack
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, United States
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21
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Claudin5a is required for proper inflation of Kupffer's vesicle lumen and organ laterality. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182047. [PMID: 28771527 PMCID: PMC5542556 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Left-right asymmetric organ development is critical to establish a proper body plan of vertebrates. In zebrafish, the Kupffer’s vesicle (KV) is a fluid-filled sac which controls asymmetric organ development, and a properly inflated KV lumen by means of fluid influx is a prerequisite for the asymmetric signal transmission. However, little is known about the components that support the paracellular tightness between the KV luminal epithelial cells to sustain hydrostatic pressure during KV lumen expansion. Here, we identified that the claudin5a (cldn5a) is highly expressed at the apical surface of KV epithelial cells and tightly seals the KV lumen. Downregulation of cldn5a in zebrafish showed a failure in organ laterality that resulted from malformed KV. In addition, accelerated fluid influx into KV by combined treatment of forskolin and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine failed to expand the partially-formed KV lumen in cldn5a morphants. However, malformed KV lumen and defective heart laterality in cldn5a morphants were significantly rescued by exogenous cldn5a mRNA, suggesting that the tightness between the luminal epithelial cells is important for KV lumen formation. Taken together, these findings suggest that cldn5a is required for KV lumen inflation and left-right asymmetric organ development.
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Ferreira RR, Vilfan A, Jülicher F, Supatto W, Vermot J. Physical limits of flow sensing in the left-right organizer. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28613157 PMCID: PMC5544429 DOI: 10.7554/elife.25078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluid flows generated by motile cilia are guiding the establishment of the left-right asymmetry of the body in the vertebrate left-right organizer. Competing hypotheses have been proposed: the direction of flow is sensed either through mechanosensation, or via the detection of chemical signals transported in the flow. We investigated the physical limits of flow detection to clarify which mechanisms could be reliably used for symmetry breaking. We integrated parameters describing cilia distribution and orientation obtained in vivo in zebrafish into a multiscale physical study of flow generation and detection. Our results show that the number of immotile cilia is too small to ensure robust left and right determination by mechanosensing, given the large spatial variability of the flow. However, motile cilia could sense their own motion by a yet unknown mechanism. Finally, transport of chemical signals by the flow can provide a simple and reliable mechanism of asymmetry establishment. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.25078.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita R Ferreira
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | | | - Frank Jülicher
- Max-Planck-Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany
| | - Willy Supatto
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR7645), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U1182) and Paris Saclay University, Palaiseau, France
| | - Julien Vermot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
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Dasgupta A, Amack JD. Cilia in vertebrate left-right patterning. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2016; 371:20150410. [PMID: 27821522 PMCID: PMC5104509 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how left-right (LR) asymmetry is generated in vertebrate embryos is an important problem in developmental biology. In humans, a failure to align the left and right sides of cardiovascular and/or gastrointestinal systems often results in birth defects. Evidence from patients and animal models has implicated cilia in the process of left-right patterning. Here, we review the proposed functions for cilia in establishing LR asymmetry, which include creating transient leftward fluid flows in an embryonic 'left-right organizer'. These flows direct asymmetric activation of a conserved Nodal (TGFβ) signalling pathway that guides asymmetric morphogenesis of developing organs. We discuss the leading hypotheses for how cilia-generated asymmetric fluid flows are translated into asymmetric molecular signals. We also discuss emerging mechanisms that control the subcellular positioning of cilia and the cellular architecture of the left-right organizer, both of which are critical for effective cilia function during left-right patterning. Finally, using mosaic cell-labelling and time-lapse imaging in the zebrafish embryo, we provide new evidence that precursor cells maintain their relative positions as they give rise to the ciliated left-right organizer. This suggests the possibility that these cells acquire left-right positional information prior to the appearance of cilia.This article is part of the themed issue 'Provocative questions in left-right asymmetry'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnik Dasgupta
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Amack
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
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