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Madsen H, Stauffer JR. Aquaculture of Animal Species: Their Eukaryotic Parasites and the Control of Parasitic Infections. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:41. [PMID: 38248472 PMCID: PMC10813438 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Parasites are very diverse and common in both natural populations and in stocks kept in aquacultural facilities. For most cultured species, there are important bacteria and viruses causing diseases, but eukaryotic parasites are also very important. We review the various combinations of aquacultured species and eukaryotic parasitic groups and discuss other problems associated with aquaculture such as eutrophication, zoonotic species, and invasive species, and we conclude that further development of aquaculture in a sustainable manner must include a holistic approach (One Health) where many factors (e.g., human health, food safety, animal health and welfare, environmental and biodiversity protection and marketability mechanisms, etc.) are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Madsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlaegevej 100, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jay Richard Stauffer
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
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2
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Wu R, Liu X, Guo L, Zhou C, Ouyang S, Wu X. DNA barcoding, multilocus phylogeny, and morphometry reveal phenotypic plasticity in the Chinese freshwater mussel Lamprotula caveata (Bivalvia: Unionidae). Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9035. [PMID: 35845369 PMCID: PMC9277607 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate species identification is crucial for developing conservation strategies for freshwater mussels, one of the most imperiled faunas in the world. Traditionally, mussel species description primarily relied on conchological characters. However, shell morphology has great variability, which leads to the complexity of species delimitation. As endemic species to China, Lamprotula caveata was originally described by Heude (1877). Lamprotula quadrangulosus and Lamprotula contritus were considered for synonymization of L. caveata based on shell variants in the early 20th century, which has been long debated due to lack of rigorous molecular analysis. Moreover, great morphological variation caused doubt whether there are cryptic species. In this study, we used a combined phylogenetic and morphometric approach to verify the validity of the synonymization of L. caveata. The results of molecular species delimitation showed that two molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) were identified in Lamprotula spp., including the L. leaii lineage and the complex lineage (L. quadrangulosa, L. cornuumlunae, L. contritus, and L. caveata). Phylogenetic analyses revealed that L. cornuumlunae formed a basal monophyletic clade, whose divergence time was relatively recent (4.26 Ma [95% HPD = 1.91–7.22 Ma]), and L. contritus, L. caveata, and L. quadrangulosa formed a large polytomy group with very shallow branches. In the previous study, we have demonstrated the validity of L. cornuumlunae. The molecular evidences supported that the complex (L. quadrangulosa + L. contritus + L. caveata) was a valid species; L. quadrangulosa and L. contritus were synonyms of L. caveata. In addition, three morphospecies (L. quadrangulosa, L. contritus, and L. caveata) were aggregated without clear differentiation based on shell morphometric analysis. We confirmed multiple phenotypes in L. caveata for species identification and presumed that the phenotypic plasticity was a response to specific habitats. This study clarified the diversity and phylogeny of the Lamprotula group, which is a crucial step for developing new conservation and management strategies for this imperiled group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiwen Wu
- School of Life Science Shanxi Normal University Taiyuan China
| | - Xiongjun Liu
- School of Life Science Jiaying University Meizhou China
| | - Liang Guo
- Fuzhou Wilds of Insects Cultural Creativity Co., Ltd. Fuzhou China
| | - Chunhua Zhou
- School of Life Sciences Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Shan Ouyang
- School of Life Sciences Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- School of Life Sciences Nanchang University Nanchang China
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3
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Ożgo M, Urbańska M, Marzec M, Kamocki A, Andrzejewski W, Golski J, Lewandowski K, Geist J. Lake-stream transition zones support hotspots of freshwater ecosystem services: Evidence from a 35-year study on unionid mussels. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 774:145114. [PMID: 33607437 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Securing adequate supply of high-quality water is of increasing global importance and relies in large part on ecosystem services provided by freshwater biota. Unionid mussels are important keystone species and habitat engineers that shape freshwater ecosystems through water filtration, nutrient cycling and provision of habitats; their rapid global declines result in dramatic losses of ecosystem functions. Maintenance and enhancement of the services they provide depend on the identification of their crucial habitats. Following theoretical assumptions, this study analyses the importance of lake-stream transition zones for unionid mussels, based on data collected in 1984 and 2019 from an undisturbed stream flowing through five consecutive lakes. Mussel distribution matched the distribution of host fish and was strongly influenced by lakes: densities were highest near lake outlets, reaching 290 ind. m-2 (14.7 kg m-2) in 2019, and declined with downstream distance following a negative power function. This pattern was spatially consistent and sustained over time. All six unionid species native to north-central Europe were present, but common species (Anodonta anatina, Unio pictorum, U. tumidus) contributed about 80% of individuals and were responsible for most of the ecosystem services provided by unionid mussels. Estimated 1.9 × 106 mussel individuals inhabiting 3.2 km of stream length filtered a water volume equivalent to the total stream discharge approximately 2.5 times daily. Aggregations of spent shells, up to 17 kg m-2, accumulated downstream of lakes, forming extensive shell and mussel beds, providing habitats and contributing shell hash that improved stream-bed conditions. Globally invasive Dreissena polymorpha was present at low densities and did not spread or increase in abundance, indicating a long-term biotic resistance of the natural native community. Our study underscores the importance of undisturbed lake outlets, longitudinal connectivity of riverine ecosystems, and of common mussel species in maintaining freshwater ecosystem functionality and provision of vital services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Ożgo
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Ossolińskich 12, 85-093 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Maria Urbańska
- Department of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71, C 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Marzec
- Suwalski Landscape Park, Malesowizna 24, 16-404 Jeleniewo, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kamocki
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45 E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Andrzejewski
- Department of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71, C 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Janusz Golski
- Department of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71, C 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Lewandowski
- Institute of Biology, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland.
| | - Juergen Geist
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Technical University of Munich, Mühlenweg 18-22, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
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4
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Ożgo M, Urbańska M, Hoos P, Imhof HK, Kirschenstein M, Mayr J, Michl F, Tobiasz R, von Wesendonk M, Zimmermann S, Geist J. Invasive zebra mussel ( Dreissena polymorpha) threatens an exceptionally large population of the depressed river mussel ( Pseudanodonta complanata) in a postglacial lake. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:4918-4927. [PMID: 32551070 PMCID: PMC7297777 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Freshwater mussels are in decline worldwide, with the depressed river mussel Pseudanodonta complanata being one of the rarest and most endangered species in Europe. Invasive mussels are suspected to be an important factor of decline, but there is little information on their interaction with native species.This study analyzed densities, depth distribution, and individual sizes and weights in one of the largest known populations of P. complanata in Europe in relation to the co-occurring invasive zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha and other mussel species, using a systematic transect analysis. Pseudanodonta complanata was the dominant unionid species in Lake Siecino reaching densities of up to 26 ind/m2, with half of the specimens found at a water depth of 2.0-4.0 m. Densities were highest on sandy substrates in areas of underwater currents. In contrast, 67% of native Unio tumidus were found at depths < 1 m, indicating different habitat preference.In the study area, 91% of P. complanata, 92% of U. tumidus, and all Anodonta individuals were fouled by D. polymorpha. The dreissenid:unionid mass ratio (mean ± SD; maximum) was 0.43 ± 0.56; 4.22 and 0.86 ± 1.87; 8.76 in P. complanata and U. tumidus, respectively. Pseudanodonta complanata fouled with D. polymorpha were impaired in their anchoring capability and had shell deformations potentially affecting shell closing and filtration activity. Fouling intensity was negatively correlated with unionid density, potentially leading to accelerated population declines.The observed adverse effects of invasive zebra mussels on the depressed river mussel and the difficulties in eradicating established populations of invasive mussels suggest that D. polymorpha should be considered a serious threat to P. complanata. Therefore, the further spread of zebra mussels into habitats with native unionids needs to be avoided by all means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Ożgo
- Department of Evolutionary BiologyKazimierz Wielki UniversityBydgoszczPoland
| | - Maria Urbańska
- Department of ZoologyPoznań University of Life SciencesPoznańPoland
| | - Philipp Hoos
- Aquatic Systems Biology UnitTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany
| | - Hannes K. Imhof
- Aquatic Systems Biology UnitTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany
| | | | - Julia Mayr
- Aquatic Systems Biology UnitTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany
| | - Florian Michl
- Aquatic Systems Biology UnitTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany
| | | | | | - Stefan Zimmermann
- Aquatic Systems Biology UnitTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany
| | - Juergen Geist
- Aquatic Systems Biology UnitTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany
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5
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Reproduction success of the invasive Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea 1834) in relation to native mussel species. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02060-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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6
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Binder ARD, Pfaffl MW, Hiltwein F, Geist J, Beggel S. Does environmental stress affect cortisol biodistribution in freshwater mussels? CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 7:coz101. [PMID: 31832197 PMCID: PMC6899224 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coz101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
As of today, regulation and physiological purpose of steroid hormones in invertebrates such as mussels are not completely understood. Many studies were able to show their presence, but their origin and genesis are not clear. Nevertheless, knowledge about changes in steroid hormone biodistribution in reaction to treatments could improve our understanding of their physiological functions in these species. Cortisol is a corticosteroid, which is frequently used as a stress biomarker in vertebrates, like fish or higher organisms. The aim of the study was to optimize cortisol extraction from various tissues of mussels, to develop a quantitative ELISA test system, and to study changes in biodistribution of cortisol in reaction to negative and positive stimulation treatments. As model organism, we used Anodonta anatina, a widespread freshwater mussel species native to Europe. We quantified cortisol concentrations in hepatopancreas, mantle, gills, gonads and the foot muscle. Tissue-specific reactions to environmental influences, simulated with the chemical stressors copper (II) chloride and sodium chloride, were assessed. During the 24-hours treatment, we additionally observed changes in cortisol regulation in response to feeding activity of the mussels. Besides, we found highly significant variations in the biodistribution of cortisol in different tissues, with a peak in the hepatopancreas. Whole body cortisol did not increase in the treated groups. However, balancing of all measured tissues showed redistribution of more than 10% of total body cortisol from the hepatopancreas to all other tissues during copper (II) chloride stressor treatment, but also when mussels ingested feed, compared to the non-fed control group. No redistribution was observed during sodium chloride treatment. We conclude that there can be a redistribution of cortisol in mussels, depending on external influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ronja D Binder
- Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Berg 3, Freising-Weihenstephan, D-85354, Germany
| | - Michael W Pfaffl
- Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Berg 3, Freising-Weihenstephan, D-85354, Germany
| | | | - Juergen Geist
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Mühlenweg 22, Freising-Weihenstephan, D-85354, Germany
| | - Sebastian Beggel
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Mühlenweg 22, Freising-Weihenstephan, D-85354, Germany
- Corresponding author: Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Mühlenweg 22, Freising-Weihenstephan, D-85354, Germany
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7
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A dichotomous PCR–RFLP identification key for the freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionida) of Peninsular Malaysia. CONSERV GENET RESOUR 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12686-018-1038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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8
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Xia X, Xue S, Wang X, Zhang Q, Huang C, Guo L, Yao L. Response a chronic effects of PBDE-47: Up-regulations of HSP60 and HSP70 expression in freshwater bivalve Anodonta woodiana. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 65:213-225. [PMID: 28433717 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play an important role in adaption of environmental stress by protein folding, membrane translocation, degradation of misfolded proteins and other regulatory processes. Our previous study showed oxidative stress generated from polybrominated diphenyl ether-47 (PBDE-47) could cause an acute toxicity on freshwater bivalve Anodonta Woodiana, but the effect of chronic toxicity need to be elucidated. In order to further investigate the chronic effect of PBDE-47, clams A. Woodiana were randomly divided into the PBDE-47 treated group administrated with PBDE-47 at a concentration 3.36 μg/L and control group treated with a similar volume dimethyl sulfoxide. Two complete HSP sequences were isolated from A. Woodianaa and respectively named AwHSP60 and AwHSP70. They were widely distributed in foot, gill, hepatopancreas, adductor muscle, heart, hemocytes and mantle. Administration of PBDE-47 could result in a significant up-regulation of AwHSP60 and AwHSP70 expressions in the hepatopancreas, gill and hemocytes. In the hepatopancreas, compared with that of control group, mRNA level of AwHSP60 increased more than 89.9% (P < 0.05) from day 1-15, AwHSP70 increased more 2.79 times (P < 0.01). In the gill, during experiment observed, expression of AwHSP60 increased more 2.09 times (P < 0.01) in contrasted with that of control group. Significant up-regulation of AwHSP70 expression showed a reversed U shape. In the hemocytes, AwHSP60 and AwHSP70 expressions of PBDE-47 treated group respectively increased more 2.09 times (P < 0.05) and 1.81 times (P < 0.05) compared with that of control group. These results indicated that up-regulations of AwHSP60 and AwHSP70 expression are contribute to enhancing adaption of bivalve A. Woodiana exposed to PBDE-47 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichao Xia
- Medical College of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, 467000, Henan Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Basic Medicine, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, 473061, Henan Province, China.
| | - Shipeng Xue
- Department of Basic Medicine, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, 473061, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiying Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, 473061, Henan Province, China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, 473061, Henan Province, China
| | - Chuanfeng Huang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, 473061, Henan Province, China
| | - Lianghong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Lunguang Yao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, 473061, Henan Province, China
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9
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Lummer EM, Auerswald K, Geist J. Fine sediment as environmental stressor affecting freshwater mussel behavior and ecosystem services. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 571:1340-1348. [PMID: 27422724 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fine sediment pollution is considered a major stressor for aquatic ecosystems and their biodiversity. In particular, fine sediments have been suggested to play a crucial role in the declines of freshwater mussels which are considered keystone fauna of streams and rivers. Whereas the effects of deposited fine sediments on recruitment failure are well known, effects of suspended fine sediments on adult mussel behavior are less studied. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fine sediment exposure on freshwater mussel behavior and on mussel-dependent ecosystem services. Unio pictorum mussels were used to test three behavioral endpoints: Hall activity, transition frequency and relative water clearance rate. Mussels were exposed to fine sediments of different particle size classes (<45μm, 45-63μm, 63-125μm) and different concentration (0-10gL(-1)) of the smallest particle size class. Hall sensor technology and turbidity measurements were used to detect mussel behavior in presence of suspended sediments. Results revealed that mussels improve clearance of suspended particles out of the water column by 35%, independent of particle size class and concentration. Transition frequency was determined an unsuitable behavioral endpoint for non-soluble substances. Contrary to previous studies, we could demonstrate that fine sediments do not interfere with filtration by mussels and that mussels have a great influence on water purification, providing a valuable ecosystem service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Lummer
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technical University of Munich, Mühlenweg 22, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Karl Auerswald
- Grassland Science, Department of Plant Science, Technical University of Munich, Alte Akademie 12, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Juergen Geist
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technical University of Munich, Mühlenweg 22, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
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Zieritz A, Lopes-Lima M, Bogan AE, Sousa R, Walton S, Rahim KAA, Wilson JJ, Ng PY, Froufe E, McGowan S. Factors driving changes in freshwater mussel (Bivalvia, Unionida) diversity and distribution in Peninsular Malaysia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 571:1069-1078. [PMID: 27473771 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater mussels (Bivalvia, Unionida) fulfil important ecosystem functions and are one of the most threatened freshwater taxa globally. Knowledge of freshwater mussel diversity, distribution and ecology in Peninsular Malaysia is extremely poor, and the conservation status of half of the species presumed to occur in the region has yet to be assessed. We conducted the first comprehensive assessment of Peninsular Malaysia's freshwater mussels based on species presence/absence and environmental data collected from 155 sites spanning all major river catchments and diverse habitat types. Through an integrative morphological-molecular approach we recognised nine native and one widespread non-native species, i.e. Sinanodonta woodiana. Two species, i.e. Pilsbryoconcha compressa and Pseudodon cambodjensis, had not been previously recorded from Malaysia, which is likely a result of morphological misidentifications of historical records. Due to their restriction to single river catchments and declining distributions, Hyriopsis bialata, possibly endemic to Peninsular Malaysia, Ensidens ingallsianus, possibly already extinct in the peninsula, and Rectidens sumatrensis, particularly require conservation attention. Equally, the Pahang, the Perak and the north-western river catchments are of particular conservation value due to the presence of a globally unique freshwater mussel fauna. Statistical relationships of 15 water quality parameters and mussel presence/absence identified acidification and nutrient pollution (eutrophication) as the most important anthropogenic factors threatening freshwater mussel diversity in Peninsular Malaysia. These factors can be linked to atmospheric pollution, deforestation, oil-palm plantations and a lack of functioning waste water treatment, and could be mitigated by establishing riparian buffers and improving waste water treatment for rivers running through agricultural and residential land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Zieritz
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia.
| | - Manuel Lopes-Lima
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Arthur E Bogan
- Research Laboratory, North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences, 1671 Gold Star Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Ronaldo Sousa
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Samuel Walton
- Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kenyir Research Institute, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Khairul Adha A Rahim
- Department of Aquatic Science, Faculty of Resource Science & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - John-James Wilson
- Museum of Zoology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Ecology and Biodiversity Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pei-Yin Ng
- Museum of Zoology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Ecology and Biodiversity Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Elsa Froufe
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Suzanne McGowan
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia; School of Geography, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG72RD, UK
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11
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Cho A, Morris T, Wilson C, Freeland J. Development of species-specific primers with potential for amplifying eDNA from imperilled freshwater unionid mussels. Genome 2016; 59:1141-1149. [PMID: 27753500 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2015-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Environmental DNA (eDNA) is emerging as a potentially powerful tool for inferring species' presence, and hence occupancy, from DNA that is shed into environmental samples such as water. Although eDNA screening has been used to detect DNA from a variety of taxonomic groups, it has not yet been used to identify DNA from species with numerous potentially sympatric confamilial species, a situation that may preclude the development of species-specific markers. There are 41 native freshwater mussel species (Unionidae) in Ontario, Canada. Many of these are potentially sympatric, and 14 species have been formally assessed as endangered, threatened, or special concern. We investigated whether there was sufficient variation within the cytochrome oxidase region (COI) to develop species-specific eDNA markers for at-risk unionids. We developed 32 COI markers for eight unionid species, and tested each of these on the target species plus 29 potentially sympatric unionid taxa. Six of these markers amplified DNA only from the intended target species. We then extracted and amplified mussel eDNA from rearing-tank water samples. We conclude that despite high species diversity, it should be possible to develop eDNA COI markers and screen water samples for habitat occupancy by unionid mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cho
- a Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Todd Morris
- b Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, ON, Canada
| | - Chris Wilson
- c Ontario Ministry of Resources and Forestry, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Joanna Freeland
- a Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
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12
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Santos-Neto GDC, Beasley CR, Schneider H, Pimpão DM, Hoeh WR, Simone LRLD, Tagliaro CH. Genetic relationships among freshwater mussel species from fifteen Amazonian rivers and inferences on the evolution of the Hyriidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionida). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 100:148-159. [PMID: 27071805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The current phylogenetic framework for the South American Hyriidae is solely based on morphological data. However, freshwater bivalve morphology is highly variable due to both genetic and environmental factors. The present study used both mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and nuclear (18S-ITS1) sequences in molecular phylogenetic analyses of nine Neotropical species of Hyriidae, collected from 15 South American rivers, and sequences of hyriids from Australia and New Zealand obtained from GenBank. The present molecular findings support traditional taxonomic proposals, based on morphology, for the South American subfamily Hyriinae, currently divided in three tribes: Hyriini, Castaliini and Rhipidodontini. Phylogenetic trees based on COI nucleotide sequences revealed at least four geographical groups of Castalia ambigua: northeast Amazon (Piriá, Tocantins and Caeté rivers), central Amazon, including C. quadrata (Amazon and Aripuanã rivers), north (Trombetas river), and C. ambigua from Peru. Genetic distances suggest that some specimens may be cryptic species. Among the Hyriini, a total evidence data set generated phylogenetic trees indicating that Paxyodon syrmatophorus and Prisodon obliquus are more closely related, followed by Triplodon corrugatus. The molecular clock, based on COI, agreed with the fossil record of Neotropical hyriids. The ancestor of both Australasian and Neotropical Hyriidae is estimated to have lived around 225million years ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme da Cruz Santos-Neto
- Laboratório de Conservação e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Campus de Bragança, Universidade Federal do Pará, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro, s/n, Bairro Aldeia, Bragança, Pará CEP 68600-000, Brazil; Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Campus Abaetetuba, Rua Rio de Janeiro, 2233, Bairro Francilândia, Abaetetuba, Pará CEP 68440-000, Brazil.
| | - Colin Robert Beasley
- Laboratório de Moluscos, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Campus de Bragança, Universidade Federal do Pará, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro, s/n, Bairro Aldeia, Bragança, Pará CEP 68600-000, Brazil
| | - Horacio Schneider
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Campus de Bragança, Universidade Federal do Pará, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro, s/n, Bairro Aldeia, Bragança, Pará CEP 68600-000, Brazil
| | - Daniel Mansur Pimpão
- Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis, Superintendência Regional no Goiás, Rua 229 n°95, Leste Universitário, Goiania, Goiás CEP 74605-090, Brazil
| | - Walter Randolph Hoeh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Cunningham Hall, Summit Street, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | | | - Claudia Helena Tagliaro
- Laboratório de Conservação e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Campus de Bragança, Universidade Federal do Pará, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro, s/n, Bairro Aldeia, Bragança, Pará CEP 68600-000, Brazil.
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Lopes-Lima M, Sousa R, Geist J, Aldridge DC, Araujo R, Bergengren J, Bespalaya Y, Bódis E, Burlakova L, Van Damme D, Douda K, Froufe E, Georgiev D, Gumpinger C, Karatayev A, Kebapçi Ü, Killeen I, Lajtner J, Larsen BM, Lauceri R, Legakis A, Lois S, Lundberg S, Moorkens E, Motte G, Nagel KO, Ondina P, Outeiro A, Paunovic M, Prié V, von Proschwitz T, Riccardi N, Rudzīte M, Rudzītis M, Scheder C, Seddon M, Şereflişan H, Simić V, Sokolova S, Stoeckl K, Taskinen J, Teixeira A, Thielen F, Trichkova T, Varandas S, Vicentini H, Zajac K, Zajac T, Zogaris S. Conservation status of freshwater mussels in Europe: state of the art and future challenges. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2016; 92:572-607. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Lopes-Lima
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto; Rua dos Bragas 289 4050-123 Porto Portugal
- IUCN SSC Mollusc Specialist Group; c/o 219 Huntingdon Road Cambridge CB3 0DL U.K
| | - Ronaldo Sousa
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto; Rua dos Bragas 289 4050-123 Porto Portugal
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CMBA), University of Minho; Campus de Gualtar 4710-057 Braga Portugal
| | - Juergen Geist
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management; Technische Universität München; Mühlenweg 22 85350 Freising Germany
| | - David C. Aldridge
- Aquatic Ecology Group, Department of Zoology; University of Cambridge; Downing Street Cambridge CB2 3EJ U.K
| | - Rafael Araujo
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC; C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Jakob Bergengren
- Water Unit, County Administration Board Jönköping; SE-551 86 Jönköping Sweden
| | - Yulia Bespalaya
- Institute of Ecological Problems of the North of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences; 163000 Arkhangelsk Russia
| | - Erika Bódis
- MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Danube Research Institute; Jávorka S. u. 14 2131 Göd Hungary
| | - Lyubov Burlakova
- Great Lakes Center, Buffalo State College; 1300 Elmwood Ave. Buffalo NY 14222 U.S.A
| | - Dirk Van Damme
- Research Unit Palaeontology; Geological Institute, Universiteit Gent; Krijgslaan 281 (S8-B) B-9000 Gent Belgium
| | - Karel Douda
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries; Faculty of Agrobiology Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague; Kamycka 129 Prague CZ 165 Czech Republic
| | - Elsa Froufe
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto; Rua dos Bragas 289 4050-123 Porto Portugal
| | - Dilian Georgiev
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Conservation; University of Plovdiv; Tzar Assen Str. 24 BG-4000 Plovdiv Bulgaria
| | - Clemens Gumpinger
- Consultants in Aquatic Ecology and Engineering (Technisches Büro für Gewässerökologie) - Blattfisch; Gabelsbergerstraße 7 4600 Wels Austria
| | - Alexander Karatayev
- Great Lakes Center, Buffalo State College; 1300 Elmwood Ave. Buffalo NY 14222 U.S.A
| | - Ümit Kebapçi
- Biology Department of Art and Science Faculty, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University; Burdur Turkey
| | - Ian Killeen
- 123, Rathdown Park, Greystones County Wicklow Ireland
| | - Jasna Lajtner
- Department of Zoology, Division of Biology; Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb; Rooseveltov trg 6 HR-10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Bjørn M. Larsen
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA); PO Box 5685 Sluppen NO-7485 Trondheim Norway
| | - Rosaria Lauceri
- CNR ISE - Institute of Ecosystem Study; Largo Tonolli 50 28922 Verbania Italy
| | - Anastasios Legakis
- Zoological Museum, Department of Biology; University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - Sabela Lois
- Departamento de Zooloxía e A.F.; Fac. Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC); 27002 Lugo Spain
| | - Stefan Lundberg
- Swedish museum of Natural History; PO Box 50007 SE-104 05 Stockholm Sweden
| | | | - Gregory Motte
- CRNFB - Centre de Recherche de la Nature, des Forêts et du Bois; Gembloux Belgium
| | - Karl-Otto Nagel
- Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Frankfurt, Abteilung Marine Zoologie/Sektion Malakologie; Senckenberganlage 25 60325 Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Paz Ondina
- Departamento de Zooloxía e A.F.; Fac. Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC); 27002 Lugo Spain
| | - Adolfo Outeiro
- Departamento de Zooloxía e A.F.; Fac. Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC); 27002 Lugo Spain
| | - Momir Paunovic
- Institute for Biological Research ‘Sinisa Stankovic’, University of Belgrade; 142 Bulevar despota Stefana 11000 Belgrade Serbia
| | - Vincent Prié
- Equipe ‘Exploration de la Biodiversité’, USM 603/UMR 7138 ‘Systématique, Adaptation, Evolution’, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; Case Postale 51, 55, Rue Buffon 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
- iotope; 22 Bd Maréchal Foch 34 140 Mèze France
| | - Ted von Proschwitz
- Göteborg Natural History Museum, Invetebrate Zoology; Box 7283 402 35 Göteborg Sweden
| | - Nicoletta Riccardi
- CNR ISE - Institute of Ecosystem Study; Largo Tonolli 50 28922 Verbania Italy
| | - Mudīte Rudzīte
- Museum of Zoology, University of Latvia; Kronvalda Bulv. 4 Rīga LV-1586 Latvia
| | - Māris Rudzītis
- Museum of Geology, University of Latvia; Alberta 10 Rīga LV-1010 Latvia
| | - Christian Scheder
- Consultants in Aquatic Ecology and Engineering (Technisches Büro für Gewässerökologie) - Blattfisch; Gabelsbergerstraße 7 4600 Wels Austria
| | - Mary Seddon
- IUCN SSC Mollusc Specialist Group; c/o 219 Huntingdon Road Cambridge CB3 0DL U.K
| | - Hülya Şereflişan
- Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Mustafa Kemal University; 31200 İskenderun Hatay Turkey
| | - Vladica Simić
- Department of Hydroecology and Water Protection; Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology and Ecology, University of Kragujevac; 34000 Kragujevac Serbia
| | - Svetlana Sokolova
- Institute of Ecological Problems of the North of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences; 163000 Arkhangelsk Russia
| | - Katharina Stoeckl
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management; Technische Universität München; Mühlenweg 22 85350 Freising Germany
| | - Jouni Taskinen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science; University of Jyväskylä; PO Box 35 (YAC-315.2) FI-40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Amílcar Teixeira
- CIMO - Mountain Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança; Campus de Santa Apolónia, Apartado 1172 5301-854 Bragança Portugal
| | - Frankie Thielen
- Natur & Ëmwelt/Fondation Hëllef fir d'Natur; Kierchestrooss 2 L-9753 Heinerscheid Luxembourg
| | - Teodora Trichkova
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; 2 Gagarin Str. Sofia 1113 Bulgaria
| | - Simone Varandas
- CITAB - Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences; Forestry Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro; Apartado 1013 5001-811 Vila Real Portugal
| | | | - Katarzyna Zajac
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences; 31-120 Kraków Mickiewicza 33 Poland
| | - Tadeusz Zajac
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences; 31-120 Kraków Mickiewicza 33 Poland
| | - Stamatis Zogaris
- Hellenic Centre For Marine Research - Institute of Marine Biological Sciences and Inland Waters; 46, 7 km Athens-Sounio Anavissos Attiki Greece
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Hartmann JT, Beggel S, Auerswald K, Stoeckle BC, Geist J. Establishing mussel behavior as a biomarker in ecotoxicology. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 170:279-288. [PMID: 26187809 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Most freshwater mussel species of the Unionoida are endangered, presenting a conservation issue as they are keystone species providing essential services for aquatic ecosystems. As filter feeders with limited mobility, mussels are highly susceptible to water pollution. Despite their exposure risk, mussels are underrepresented in standard ecotoxicological methods. This study aimed to demonstrate that mussel behavioral response to a chemical stressor is a suitable biomarker for the advancement of ecotoxicology methods that aids mussel conservation. Modern software and Hall sensor technology enabled mussel filtration behavior to be monitored real-time at very high resolution. With this technology, we present our method using Anodonta anatina and record their response to de-icing salt pollution. The experiment involved an environmentally relevant 'pulse-exposure' design simulating three subsequent inflow events. Three sublethal endpoints were investigated, Filtration Activity, Transition Frequency (number of changes from opened to closed, or vice versa) and Avoidance Behavior. The mussels presented a high variation in filtration behavior, behaving asynchronously. At environmentally relevant de-icing salt exposure scenarios, A. anatina behavior patterns were significantly affected. Treated mussels' Filtration Activity decreased during periods of very high and long de-icing salt exposure (p<0.001), however, increased during short de-icing salt exposure. Treated mussels' Transition Frequency increased during periods of very high and long de-icing salt exposure (p<0.001), which mirrored the Avoidance Behavior endpoint observed only by mussels under chemical stress. Characteristics of Avoidance Behavior were tighter shell closures with repeated and irregular shell movements which was significantly different to their undisturbed resting behavior (p<0.001). Additionally, we found that mussels were sensitive to a chemical stressor even when the mussel's valves were closed. Due to the effects of de-icing salt pollution on freshwater mussel behavior, we suggest better management practices for de-icing salt use be implemented. Our experimental method demonstrated that, with the application of current technologies, mussel behavioral response to a chemical stressor can be measured. The tested sublethal endpoints are suitable for mussel ecotoxicology studies. Avoidance Behavior proved to be a potentially suitable endpoint for calculating mussel behavior effect concentration. Therefore we recommend adult mussel behavior as a suitable biomarker for future ecotoxicological research. This method could be applied to other bivalve species and for physical and environmental stressors, such as particulate matter and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason T Hartmann
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Muehlenweg 22, D-85350 Freising, Germany
| | - Sebastian Beggel
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Muehlenweg 22, D-85350 Freising, Germany
| | - Karl Auerswald
- Chair of Grassland Science, Department of Plant Science, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Alte Akademie 12, D-85350 Freising, Germany
| | - Bernhard C Stoeckle
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Muehlenweg 22, D-85350 Freising, Germany
| | - Juergen Geist
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Muehlenweg 22, D-85350 Freising, Germany.
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15
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Beggel S, Geist J. Acute effects of salinity exposure on glochidia viability and host infection of the freshwater mussel Anodonta anatina (Linnaeus, 1758). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 502:659-65. [PMID: 25305327 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Freshwater mussels of the Unionida are globally in decline and knowledge of the sensitivity of their vulnerable life stages to stressors is crucial for their conservation. Increasing salinity, e.g., due to road deicing, has been proposed as an important stressor, but its impact on the complex interaction between mussel larvae and their obligate attachment to fish hosts remains largely unknown. This study tested the acute toxicity effects of environmentally relevant chloride concentrations on larvae of European Anodonta anatina mussel as well as the impacts on attachment rates of the larvae to their fish host. Chloride concentrations above 727 mg⋅L(-1) significantly affected glochidia viability and the 24h EC50 value was determined at 2,505 mg⋅L(-1). Successful attachment of glochidia to the host fish Phoxinus phoxinus was negatively correlated with increasing chloride concentration and became significant at concentrations > 2,909 mg⋅L(-1). Comparable responses could be observed by separately counting fin and gill attached glochidia, while gill attachment showed the highest correlation with overall attachment rates. These results indicate a potential threat from short-term elevated chloride concentrations during runoff events on sensitive life stages of freshwater mussels. Consequently, we propose additional chloride sensitivity tests on other mussel species as well as the reduction of salt peak input loading into freshwater bodies through a 3R-principle (restriction of use, retention of runoff for peak concentration avoidance and replacement by alternatives) in areas where endangered mussels occur. CAPSULE Freshwater mussels of the Unionoida are globally in decline and knowledge on the sensitivity of the most vulnerable larval stages to salinity is crucial for their conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Beggel
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Muehlenweg 22, Freising D-85350, Germany
| | - Juergen Geist
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Muehlenweg 22, Freising D-85350, Germany.
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Getting what is served? Feeding ecology influencing parasite-host interactions in invasive round goby Neogobius melanostomus. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109971. [PMID: 25338158 PMCID: PMC4206283 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Freshwater ecosystems are increasingly impacted by alien invasive species which have the potential to alter various ecological interactions like predator-prey and host-parasite relationships. Here, we simultaneously examined predator-prey interactions and parasitization patterns of the highly invasive round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) in the rivers Rhine and Main in Germany. A total of 350 N. melanostomus were sampled between June and October 2011. Gut content analysis revealed a broad prey spectrum, partly reflecting temporal and local differences in prey availability. For the major food type (amphipods), species compositions were determined. Amphipod fauna consisted entirely of non-native species and was dominated by Dikerogammarus villosus in the Main and Echinogammarus trichiatus in the Rhine. However, the availability of amphipod species in the field did not reflect their relative abundance in gut contents of N. melanostomus. Only two metazoan parasites, the nematode Raphidascaris acus and the acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus sp., were isolated from N. melanostomus in all months, whereas unionid glochidia were only detected in June and October in fish from the Main. To analyse infection pathways, we examined 17,356 amphipods and found Pomphorhynchus sp. larvae only in D. villosus in the river Rhine at a prevalence of 0.15%. Dikerogammarus villosus represented the most important amphipod prey for N. melanostomus in both rivers but parasite intensities differed between rivers, suggesting that final hosts (large predatory fishes) may influence host-parasite dynamics of N. melanostomus in its introduced range.
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Vannarattanarat S, Zieritz A, Kanchanaketu T, Kovitvadhi U, Kovitvadhi S, Hongtrakul V. Molecular identification of the economically important freshwater mussels (Mollusca-Bivalvia-Unionoida) of Thailand: developing species-specific markers from AFLPs. Anim Genet 2013; 45:235-9. [PMID: 24313464 DOI: 10.1111/age.12115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Shells of certain freshwater mussel (Unionoida) species are highly demanded and serve as raw material for a range of decorative and pharmaceutical products. In Thailand, most animals for this purpose are currently harvested from wild populations, with unionoid culture still being in its infancy. Whilst reliable species identification is a prerequisite for developing a large-scale industry, identification by morphological means is hampered by extensive phenotypic plasticity and poor knowledge of species delimitations. To facilitate alternative molecular identification, we developed species-specific markers for the three Thai unionoids with considerable economic potential (CEP): that is, Chamberlainia hainesiana, Hyriopsis desowitzi and Hyriopsis myersiana. For this purpose, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprints using 24 specific primer pairs were generated for eight samples of each CEP species and four samples of the closely related, non-CEP species Contradens contradens. Cloning and sequencing of 13 CEP species-specific AFLP bands revealed fragment collision at three occasions. In total, 16 species-specific primer pairs were designed and tested on 92 Thai specimens spanning seven species and four genera. Thereby, specificity of (1) three primers to C. hainesiana, (2) one primer to H. desowitzi + Hyriopsis bialata, (3) one primer to H. myersiana + H. bialata and (4) four primers to all three Hyriopsis species tested was confirmed. Respective multiplex PCR protocols are provided. The developed primers enable cheap, quick and reliable identification of the Thai CEP species by one to three PCRs and offer a tool for a range of additional applications within mussel culture and ecological and evolutionary research on these important organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vannarattanarat
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
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