1
|
Zhang Y, Mo C, Pan Y, Yang P, Ding X, Lei Q, Kang P. Responses of Soil Microbial Survival Strategies and Functional Changes to Wet-Dry Cycle Events. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2783. [PMID: 38004794 PMCID: PMC10672765 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil microbial taxa have different functional ecological characteristics that influence the direction and intensity of plant-soil feedback responses to changes in the soil environment. However, the responses of soil microbial survival strategies to wet and dry events are poorly understood. In this study, soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activity, and high-throughput sequencing results were comprehensively anal0079zed in the irrigated cropland ecological zone of the northern plains of the Yellow River floodplain of China, where Oryza sativa was grown for a long period of time, converted to Zea mays after a year, and then Glycine max was planted. The results showed that different plant cultivations in a paddy-dryland rotation system affected soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activity, and G. max field cultivation resulted in higher total carbon, total nitrogen, soil total organic carbon, and available nitrogen content while significantly increasing α-glucosidase, β-glucosidase, and alkaline phosphatase activities in the soil. In addition, crop rotation altered the r/K-strategist bacteria, and the soil environment was the main factor affecting the community structure of r/K-strategist bacteria. The co-occurrence network revealed the inter-relationship between r/K-strategist bacteria and fungi, and with the succession of land rotation, the G. max sample plot exhibited more stable network relationships. Random forest analysis further indicated the importance of soil electrical conductivity, total carbon, total nitrogen, soil total organic carbon, available nitrogen, and α-glucosidase in the composition of soil microbial communities under wet-dry events and revealed significant correlations with r/K-strategist bacteria. Based on the functional predictions of microorganisms, wet-dry conversion altered the functions of bacteria and fungi and led to a more significant correlation between soil nutrient cycling taxa and environmental changes. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of microbial functional groups while helping to further our understanding of the potential functions of soil microbial functional groups in soil ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.Z.); (C.M.); (P.Y.); (X.D.)
| | - Chunyi Mo
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.Z.); (C.M.); (P.Y.); (X.D.)
| | - Yaqing Pan
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Northwest Institute of Eco–Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Pengbin Yang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.Z.); (C.M.); (P.Y.); (X.D.)
| | - Xiaodong Ding
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.Z.); (C.M.); (P.Y.); (X.D.)
| | - Qian Lei
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.Z.); (C.M.); (P.Y.); (X.D.)
| | - Peng Kang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.Z.); (C.M.); (P.Y.); (X.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Řezáčová V, Michalová T, Řezáč M, Gryndler M, Duell EB, Wilson GWT, Heneberg P. The root-associated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal assemblages of exotic alien plants are simplified in invaded distribution ranges, but dominant species are retained: A trans-continental perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 14:732-741. [PMID: 35924424 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) provide crucial support for the establishment of plants in novel environments. We hypothesized that the OTU/genus richness and diversity of soil- and root-associated AMF associated with alien plant species in their exotic ranges are lower than those in their native ranges. We examined the root-associated and soil-dwelling AMF of 11 invasive plant species in their native and exotic ranges in the United States and Europe by DNA sequencing of the ITS2 locus. Examined root-associated AMF assemblages were simplified, which manifested as the loss of several AMF genera in the exotic ranges of the plants. These fungal assemblages were also characterized by greater dominance and simplification of the fungal assemblages. The dominant fungal genera were present regardless of whether their host plants were in their native or exotic ranges. Interestingly, both the native and invaded soils hosted diverse local AMF assemblages. Therefore, alien plant invasions were not limited to soils with low AMF diversity. Some AMF taxa could be context-dependent passengers rather than drivers of alien plant invasions. Further studies should identify functions of AMF missing or less abundant in roots of plants growing in exotic ranges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Řezáčová
- Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Michalová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Řezáč
- Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Gryndler
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, J. E. Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Eric B Duell
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Kansas Biological Survey and Center for Ecological Research, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Gail W T Wilson
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Petr Heneberg
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bickford WA, Goldberg DE, Zak DR, Snow DS, Kowalski KP. Plant effects on and response to soil microbes in native and non-native Phragmites australis. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 32:e2565. [PMID: 35138659 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) mediate plant community dynamics and may plausibly facilitate plant invasions. Microbially mediated PSFs are defined by plant effects on soil microbes and subsequent changes in plant performance (responses), both positive and negative. For microbial interactions to benefit invasive plants disproportionately, native and invasive plants must either (1) have different effects on and responses to soil microbial communities or (2) only respond differently to similar microbial communities. In other words, invasive plants do not need to cultivate different microbial communities than natives if they respond differently to them. However, effects and responses are not often explored separately, making it difficult to determine the underlying causes of performance differences. We performed a reciprocal-transplant PSF experiment with multiple microbial inhibition treatments to determine how native and non-native lineages of Phragmites australis affect and respond to soil bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes. Non-native Phragmites is a large, fast-growing, cosmopolitan invasive plant, whereas the North American native variety is comparatively smaller, slower growing, and typically considered a desirable wetland plant. We identified the effects of each plant lineage on soil microbes using DNA meta-barcoding and linked plant responses to microbial communities. Both Phragmites lineages displayed equally weak, insignificant PSFs. We found evidence of slight differential effects on microbial community composition, but no significant differential plant responses. Soils conditioned by each lineage differed only slightly in bacterial community composition, but not in fungal composition. Additionally, native and non-native Phragmites lineages did not significantly differ in their response to similar soil microbial communities. Neither lineage appreciably differed when plant biomass was compared between those grown in sterile and live soils. Targeted microbial inhibitor treatments revealed both lineages were negatively impacted by soil bacteria, but the negative response was stronger in non-native Phragmites. These observations were opposite of expectations from invasion theory and imply that the success of non-native Phragmites, relative to the native lineage, does not result from its interaction with soil microorganisms. More broadly, quantifying plant effects on, and responses to soil microbes separately provides detailed and nuanced insight into plant-microbial interactions and their role in invasions, which could inform management outcomes for invasive plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wesley A Bickford
- U.S. Geological Survey - Great Lakes Science Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Deborah E Goldberg
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Donald R Zak
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Danielle S Snow
- U.S. Geological Survey - Great Lakes Science Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kurt P Kowalski
- U.S. Geological Survey - Great Lakes Science Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang M, Tang X, Sun X, Jia B, Xu H, Jiang S, Siemann E, Lu X. An invasive plant rapidly increased the similarity of soil fungal pathogen communities. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2021; 127:327-336. [PMID: 33159517 PMCID: PMC7872125 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaa191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Plant invasions can change soil microbial communities and affect subsequent invasions directly or indirectly via foliar herbivory. It has been proposed that invaders promote uniform biotic communities that displace diverse, spatially variable communities (the biotic homogenization hypothesis), but this has not been experimentally tested for soil microbial communities, so the underlying mechanisms and dynamics are unclear. Here, we compared density-dependent impacts of the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides and its native congener A. sessilis on soil fungal communities, and their feedback effects on plants and a foliar beetle. METHODS We conducted a plant-soil feedback (PSF) experiment and a laboratory bioassay to examine PSFs associated with the native and invasive plants and a beetle feeding on them. We also characterized the soil fungal community using high-throughput sequencing. KEY RESULTS We found locally differentiated soil fungal pathogen assemblages associated with high densities of the native plant A. sessilis but little variation in those associated with the invasive congener A. philoxeroides, regardless of plant density. In contrast, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal assemblages associated with high densities of the invasive plant were more variable. Soil biota decreased plant shoot mass but their effect was weak for the invasive plant growing in native plant-conditioned soils. PSFs increased the larval biomass of a beetle reared on leaves of the native plant only. Moreover, PSFs on plant shoot and root mass and beetle mass were predicted by different pathogen taxa in a plant species-specific manner. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that plant invasions can rapidly increase the similarity of soil pathogen assemblages even at low plant densities, leading to taxonomically and functionally homogeneous soil communities that may limit negative soil effects on invasive plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Hubei, China
| | - Xuefei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
- College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
| | - Bingbing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Hubei, China
| | - Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
- College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
| | - Suai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
- College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
| | - Evan Siemann
- Biosciences Department, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xinmin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
- College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
- For correspondence. E-mail
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bickford WA, Zak DR, Kowalski KP, Goldberg DE. Differences in rhizosphere microbial communities between native and non-native Phragmites australis may depend on stand density. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:11739-11751. [PMID: 33144997 PMCID: PMC7593150 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms surrounding plant roots may benefit invasive species through enhanced mutualism or decreased antagonism, when compared to surrounding native species. We surveyed the rhizosphere soil microbiome of a prominent invasive plant, Phragmites australis, and its co-occurring native subspecies for evidence of microbial drivers of invasiveness. If the rhizosphere microbial community is important in driving plant invasions, we hypothesized that non-native Phragmites would cultivate a different microbiome from native Phragmites, containing fewer pathogens, more mutualists, or both. We surveyed populations of native and non-native Phragmites across Michigan and Ohio USA, and we described rhizosphere microbial communities using culture-independent next-generation sequencing. We found little evidence that native and non-native Phragmites cultivate distinct bacterial, fungal, or oomycete rhizosphere communities. Microbial community differences in our Michigan survey were not associated with plant lineage but were mainly driven by environmental factors, such as soil saturation and nutrient concentrations. Intensive sampling along transects consisting of dense monocultures of each lineage and mixed zones revealed bacterial community differences between lineages in dense monoculture, but not in mixture. We found no evidence of functional differences in the microbial communities surrounding each lineage. We extrapolate that the invasiveness of non-native Phragmites, when compared to its native congener, does not result from the differential cultivation of beneficial or antagonistic rhizosphere microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wesley A. Bickford
- U.S. Geological Survey – Great Lakes Science CenterAnn ArborMIUSA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Donald R. Zak
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- School for Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Kurt P. Kowalski
- U.S. Geological Survey – Great Lakes Science CenterAnn ArborMIUSA
- School for Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Deborah E. Goldberg
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Phragmites australis Associates with Belowground Fungal Communities Characterized by High Diversity and Pathogen Abundance. DIVERSITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/d12090363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbial symbionts are gaining attention as crucial drivers of invasive species spread and dominance. To date, much research has quantified the net effects of plant–microbe interactions on the relative success of native and invasive species. However, little is known about how the structure (composition and diversity) of microbial symbionts can differ among native and invasive species, or vary across the invasive landscape. Here, we explore the structure of endosphere and soil fungal communities associated with a monoculture-forming widespread invader, Phragmites australis, and co-occurring native species. Using field survey data from marshes in coastal Louisiana, we tested three hypotheses: (1) Phragmites australis root and soil fungal communities differ from that of co-occurring natives, (2) Phragmites australis monocultures harbor distinct fungal communities at the expanding edge compared to the monodominant center, and (3) proximity to the P. australis invading front alters native root endosphere and soil fungal community structure. We found that P. australis cultivates root and soil fungal communities with higher richness, diversity, and pathogen abundances compared to native species. While P. australis was found to have higher endosphere pathogen abundances at its expanding edge compared to the monodominant center, we found no evidence of compositional changes or pathogen spillover in native species in close proximity to the invasion front. This work suggests that field measurements of fungal endosphere communities in native and invasive plants are useful to help understand (or rule out) mechanisms of invasion.
Collapse
|
7
|
Role of Microorganisms in the Remediation of Wastewater in Floating Treatment Wetlands: A Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12145559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article provides useful information for understanding the specific role of microbes in the pollutant removal process in floating treatment wetlands (FTWs). The current literature is collected and organized to provide an insight into the specific role of microbes toward plants and pollutants. Several aspects are discussed, such as important components of FTWs, common bacterial species, rhizospheric and endophytes bacteria, and their specific role in the pollutant removal process. The roots of plants release oxygen and exudates, which act as a substrate for microbial growth. The bacteria attach themselves to the roots and form biofilms to get nutrients from the plants. Along the plants, the microbial community also influences the performance of FTWs. The bacterial community contributes to the removal of nitrogen, phosphorus, toxic metals, hydrocarbon, and organic compounds. Plant–microbe interaction breaks down complex compounds into simple nutrients, mobilizes metal ions, and increases the uptake of pollutants by plants. The inoculation of the roots of plants with acclimatized microbes may improve the phytoremediation potential of FTWs. The bacteria also encourage plant growth and the bioavailability of toxic pollutants and can alleviate metal toxicity.
Collapse
|
8
|
DeVries AE, Kowalski KP, Bickford WA. Growth and Behavior of North American Microbes on Phragmites australis Leaves. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E690. [PMID: 32397325 PMCID: PMC7284954 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8050690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phragmites australis subsp. australis is a cosmopolitan wetland grass that is invasive in many regions of the world, including North America, where it co-occurs with the closely related Phragmites australis subsp. americanus. Because the difference in invasive behavior is unlikely to be related to physiological differences, we hypothesize that interactions with unique members of their microbiomes may significantly affect the behavior of each subspecies. Therefore, we systematically inoculated both plant lineages with a diverse array of 162 fungal and bacterial isolates to determine which could (1) differentiate between Phragmites hosts, (2) infect leaves at various stages of development, or (3) obtain plant-based carbon saprophytically. We found that many of the microbes isolated from Phragmites leaves behave as saprophytes. Only 1% (two taxa) were determined to be strong pathogens, 12% (20 taxa) were weakly pathogenic, and the remaining 87% were nonpathogenic. None of the isolates clearly discriminated between host plant lineages, and the Phragmites cuticle was shown to be a strong nonspecific barrier to infection. These results largely agree with the broad body of literature on leaf-associated phyllosphere microbes in Phragmites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kurt P. Kowalski
- USGS Great Lakes Science Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; (A.E.D.); (W.A.B.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Grdiša M, Radosavljević I, Liber Z, Stefkov G, Ralli P, Chatzopoulou PS, Carović-Stanko K, Šatović Z. Divergent selection and genetic structure of Sideritis scardica populations from southern Balkan Peninsula as revealed by AFLP fingerprinting. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12767. [PMID: 31484938 PMCID: PMC6726656 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49097-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sideritis scardica Giseb. is a subalpine/alpine plant species endemic to the central part of the Balkan Peninsula. In this study, we combined Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and environmental data to examine the adaptive genetic variations in S. scardica natural populations sampled in contrasting environments. A total of 226 AFLP loci were genotyped in 166 individuals from nine populations. The results demonstrated low gene diversity, ranging from 0.095 to 0.133 and significant genetic differentiation ranging from 0.115 to 0.408. Seven genetic clusters were revealed by Bayesian clustering methods as well as by Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components and each population formed its respective cluster. The exception were populations P02 Mt. Shara and P07 Mt. Vermio, that were admixed between two clusters. Both landscape genetic methods Mcheza and BayeScan identified a total of seven (3.10%) markers exhibiting higher levels of genetic differentiation among populations. The spatial analysis method Samβada detected 50 individual markers (22.12%) associated with bioclimatic variables, among them seven were identified by both Mcheza and BayeScan as being under directional selection. Four bioclimatic variables associated with five out of seven outliers were related to precipitation, suggesting that this variable is the key factor affecting the adaptive variation of S. scardica.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Grdiša
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Seed Science and Technology Svetošimunska 25, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CoE CroP-BioDiv), Svetošimunska 25, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Radosavljević
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CoE CroP-BioDiv), Svetošimunska 25, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Division of Botany, Marulićev trg 9A, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Zlatko Liber
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CoE CroP-BioDiv), Svetošimunska 25, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Division of Botany, Marulićev trg 9A, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gjoshe Stefkov
- University Ss. Cyril and Methodius Skopje, Faculty of Pharmacy, Vodnjanska 17, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Parthenopi Ralli
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization DEMETER, Institute of Breeding and Plant Genetic Resources, Thermi - Thessalonikis, PO Box 60411, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paschalina S Chatzopoulou
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization DEMETER, Institute of Breeding and Plant Genetic Resources, Thermi - Thessalonikis, PO Box 60411, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Klaudija Carović-Stanko
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Seed Science and Technology Svetošimunska 25, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CoE CroP-BioDiv), Svetošimunska 25, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zlatko Šatović
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Seed Science and Technology Svetošimunska 25, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CoE CroP-BioDiv), Svetošimunska 25, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bickford WA, Goldberg DE, Kowalski KP, Zak DR. Root endophytes and invasiveness: no difference between native and non‐native
Phragmites
in the Great Lakes Region. Ecosphere 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wesley A. Bickford
- U.S. Geological Survey—Great Lakes Science Center Ann Arbor Michigan 48105 USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
| | - Deborah E. Goldberg
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
| | - Kurt P. Kowalski
- U.S. Geological Survey—Great Lakes Science Center Ann Arbor Michigan 48105 USA
- School for Environment and Sustainability University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
| | - Donald R. Zak
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
- School for Environment and Sustainability University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Stringlis IA, Yu K, Feussner K, de Jonge R, Van Bentum S, Van Verk MC, Berendsen RL, Bakker PAHM, Feussner I, Pieterse CMJ. MYB72-dependent coumarin exudation shapes root microbiome assembly to promote plant health. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E5213-E5222. [PMID: 29686086 DOI: 10.1094/pbiomes-11-18-0050-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant roots nurture a tremendous diversity of microbes via exudation of photosynthetically fixed carbon sources. In turn, probiotic members of the root microbiome promote plant growth and protect the host plant against pathogens and pests. In the Arabidopsis thaliana-Pseudomonas simiae WCS417 model system the root-specific transcription factor MYB72 and the MYB72-controlled β-glucosidase BGLU42 emerged as important regulators of beneficial rhizobacteria-induced systemic resistance (ISR) and iron-uptake responses. MYB72 regulates the biosynthesis of iron-mobilizing fluorescent phenolic compounds, after which BGLU42 activity is required for their excretion into the rhizosphere. Metabolite fingerprinting revealed the antimicrobial coumarin scopoletin as a dominant metabolite that is produced in the roots and excreted into the rhizosphere in a MYB72- and BGLU42-dependent manner. Shotgun-metagenome sequencing of root-associated microbiota of Col-0, myb72, and the scopoletin biosynthesis mutant f6'h1 showed that scopoletin selectively impacts the assembly of the microbial community in the rhizosphere. We show that scopoletin selectively inhibits the soil-borne fungal pathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae, while the growth-promoting and ISR-inducing rhizobacteria P. simiae WCS417 and Pseudomonas capeferrum WCS358 are highly tolerant of the antimicrobial effect of scopoletin. Collectively, our results demonstrate a role for coumarins in microbiome assembly and point to a scenario in which plants and probiotic rhizobacteria join forces to trigger MYB72/BGLU42-dependent scopolin production and scopoletin excretion, resulting in improved niche establishment for the microbial partner and growth and immunity benefits for the host plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis A Stringlis
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ke Yu
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kirstin Feussner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ronnie de Jonge
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sietske Van Bentum
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel C Van Verk
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roeland L Berendsen
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter A H M Bakker
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Corné M J Pieterse
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Allen WJ, Meyerson LA, Flick AJ, Cronin JT. Intraspecific variation in indirect plant-soil feedbacks influences a wetland plant invasion. Ecology 2018; 99:1430-1440. [PMID: 29771449 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) influence plant competition via direct interactions with pathogens and mutualists or indirectly via apparent competition/mutualisms (i.e., spillover to co-occurring plants) and soil legacy effects. It is currently unknown how intraspecific variation in PSFs interacts with the environment (e.g., nutrient availability) to influence competition between native and invasive plants. We conducted a fully crossed multi-factor greenhouse experiment to determine the effects of Phragmites australis rhizosphere soil biota, interspecific competition, and nutrient availability on biomass of replicate populations from one native and two invasive lineages of common reed (P. australis) and a single lineage of native smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora). Harmful soil biota consistently dominated PSFs involving all three P. australis lineages, reducing biomass by 10%. Indirect PSFs (i.e., soil biota spillover) from the two invasive P. australis lineages reduced S. alterniflora biomass by 7%, whereas PSFs from the native P. australis lineage increased S. alterniflora biomass by 6%. Interestingly, interspecific competition and PSFs interacted to weaken their respective impacts on S. alterniflora, whereas they exerted synergistic negative effects on P. australis. Phragmites australis soil biota decreased S. alterniflora biomass when grown alone (i.e., a soil legacy), but increased S. alterniflora biomass when grown with P. australis, suggesting that P. australis recruits harmful generalist soil biota or facilitates S. alterniflora via spillover (i.e., apparent mutualism). Soil biota also reduced interspecific competition impacts on S. alterniflora, although it remained competitively inferior to P. australis across all treatments. Competitive interactions and responses to nutrients did not differ among P. australis lineages, indicating that interspecific competition and nutrient deposition may not be key drivers of P. australis invasion in North America. Although soil biota, interspecific competition, and nutrient availability appear to have no direct impact on the success of invasive P. australis lineages in North America, intraspecific lineage variation in indirect spillover and soil legacies from P. australis occur and may have important implications for co-occurring native species and restoration of invaded habitats. Our study integrates multiple factors linked to plant invasions, highlighting that indirect interactions are likely commonplace in influencing plant community dynamics and invasion success and impacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Warwick J Allen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70803, USA.,The Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, PO Box 84, Lincoln, 7647, New Zealand
| | - Laura A Meyerson
- Natural Resources Science, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, 02881, United States
| | - Andrew J Flick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70803, USA
| | - James T Cronin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70803, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cerri M, Sapkota R, Coppi A, Ferri V, Foggi B, Gigante D, Lastrucci L, Selvaggi R, Venanzoni R, Nicolaisen M, Ferranti F, Reale L. Oomycete Communities Associated with Reed Die-Back Syndrome. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1550. [PMID: 28936223 PMCID: PMC5594075 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. die-back is a widely-studied phenomenon that was first discovered in northern Europe and that, until recently, was almost unknown in the Mediterranean basin. It has been described as a complex syndrome affecting reed populations leading to their retreat and decline, with significant impacts on valuable ecosystem services. Among the factors that cause the decline, soil-living microorganisms can be crucial. The aims of this study were to analyze the diversity of oomycetes communities associated with reed stands, and to understand whether they could play a key role in the decline. Variations in the structure of oomycetes communities were studied by metabarcoding of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1 region of ribosomal DNA, from the sediments of five Italian freshwater ecosystems. They were chosen to cover a large variability in terms of surface area, water depth, microclimate, and presence of documented reed retreat. From 96 samples collected from reed roots, rhizosphere, and bulk soil, we assembled 207661 ITS1 reads into 523 OTUs. We demonstrated that oomycete communities were structured by several factors, among which the most important was die-back occurrence. Our study also indicates that Pythiogeton spp. could be potentially involved in the development of die-back. The role of heavy metals in the soil was also explored, and cadmium concentration was shown to affect oomycetes distribution. This study represents a significant step forward for the characterization of microbial communities associated with reed die-back syndrome and helps to gain knowledge of the complexity of these important wet ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Cerri
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of PerugiaPerugia, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Coppi
- Department of Biology, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | - Valentina Ferri
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of PerugiaPerugia, Italy
| | - Bruno Foggi
- Department of Biology, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | - Daniela Gigante
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of PerugiaPerugia, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Selvaggi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of PerugiaPerugia, Italy
| | - Roberto Venanzoni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of PerugiaPerugia, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Ferranti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of PerugiaPerugia, Italy
| | - Lara Reale
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of PerugiaPerugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bowen JL, Kearns PJ, Byrnes JEK, Wigginton S, Allen WJ, Greenwood M, Tran K, Yu J, Cronin JT, Meyerson LA. Lineage overwhelms environmental conditions in determining rhizosphere bacterial community structure in a cosmopolitan invasive plant. Nat Commun 2017; 8:433. [PMID: 28874666 PMCID: PMC5585233 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00626-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-microbe interactions play crucial roles in species invasions but are rarely investigated at the intraspecific level. Here, we study these interactions in three lineages of a globally distributed plant, Phragmites australis. We use field surveys and a common garden experiment to analyze bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of P. australis stands from native, introduced, and Gulf lineages to determine lineage-specific controls on rhizosphere bacteria. We show that within-lineage bacterial communities are similar, but are distinct among lineages, which is consistent with our results in a complementary common garden experiment. Introduced P. australis rhizosphere bacterial communities have lower abundances of pathways involved in antimicrobial biosynthesis and degradation, suggesting a lower exposure to enemy attack than native and Gulf lineages. However, lineage and not rhizosphere bacterial communities dictate individual plant growth in the common garden experiment. We conclude that lineage is crucial for determination of both rhizosphere bacterial communities and plant fitness.Environmental factors often outweigh host heritable factors in structuring host-associated microbiomes. Here, Bowen et al. show that host lineage is crucial for determination of rhizosphere bacterial communities in Phragmites australis, a globally distributed invasive plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Bowen
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, 430 Nahant Road, Nahant, MA, 01908, USA.
| | - Patrick J Kearns
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, 430 Nahant Road, Nahant, MA, 01908, USA
| | - Jarrett E K Byrnes
- University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Sara Wigginton
- Department of Natural Resources Science, University of Rhode Island, Woodward Hall, 9 East Alumni Avenue, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Warwick J Allen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, 202 Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
- The Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, PO Box 84, Lincoln, 7647, New Zealand
| | - Michael Greenwood
- University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Khang Tran
- University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Jennifer Yu
- University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - James T Cronin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, 202 Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Laura A Meyerson
- Department of Natural Resources Science, University of Rhode Island, Woodward Hall, 9 East Alumni Avenue, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Crocker EV, Nelson EB, Blossey B. Soil conditioning effects of Phragmites australis on native wetland plant seedling survival. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:5571-5579. [PMID: 28808539 PMCID: PMC5551089 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between introduced plants and soils they colonize are central to invasive species success in many systems. Belowground biotic and abiotic changes can influence the success of introduced species as well as their native competitors. All plants alter soil properties after colonization but, in the case of many invasive plant species, it is unclear whether the strength and direction of these soil conditioning effects are due to plant traits, plant origin, or local population characteristics and site conditions in the invaded range. Phragmites australis in North America exists as a mix of populations of different evolutionary origin. Populations of endemic native Phragmites australis americanus are declining, while introduced European populations are important wetland invaders. We assessed soil conditioning effects of native and non-native P. australis populations on early and late seedling survival of native and introduced wetland plants. We further used a soil biocide treatment to assess the role of soil fungi on seedling survival. Survival of seedlings in soils colonized by P. australis was either unaffected or negatively affected; no species showed improved survival in P. australis-conditioned soils. Population of P. australis was a significant factor explaining the response of seedlings, but origin (native or non-native) was not a significant factor. Synthesis: Our results highlight the importance of phylogenetic control when assessing impacts of invasive species to avoid conflating general plant traits with mechanisms of invasive success. Both native (noninvasive) and non-native (invasive) P. australis populations reduced seedling survival of competing plant species. Because soil legacy effects of native and non-native P. australis are similar, this study suggests that the close phylogenetic relationship between the two populations, and not the invasive status of introduced P. australis, is more relevant to their soil-mediated impact on other plant species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric B. Nelson
- Department of Plant PathologyCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA
| | - Bernd Blossey
- Department of Natural ResourcesCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rojas JA, Jacobs JL, Napieralski S, Karaj B, Bradley CA, Chase T, Esker PD, Giesler LJ, Jardine DJ, Malvick DK, Markell SG, Nelson BD, Robertson AE, Rupe JC, Smith DL, Sweets LE, Tenuta AU, Wise KA, Chilvers MI. Oomycete Species Associated with Soybean Seedlings in North America-Part II: Diversity and Ecology in Relation to Environmental and Edaphic Factors. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2017; 107:293-304. [PMID: 27841963 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-04-16-0176-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is produced across a vast swath of North America, with the greatest concentration in the Midwest. Root rot diseases and damping-off are a major concern for production, and the primary causal agents include oomycetes and fungi. In this study, we focused on examination of oomycete species distribution in this soybean production system and how environmental and soil (edaphic) factors correlate with oomycete community composition at early plant growth stages. Using a culture-based approach, 3,418 oomycete isolates were collected from 11 major soybean-producing states and most were identified to genus and species using the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA. Pythium was the predominant genus isolated and investigated in this study. An ecology approach was taken to understand the diversity and distribution of oomycete species across geographical locations of soybean production. Metadata associated with field sample locations were collected using geographical information systems. Operational taxonomic units (OTU) were used in this study to investigate diversity by location, with OTU being defined as isolate sequences with 97% identity to one another. The mean number of OTU ranged from 2.5 to 14 per field at the state level. Most OTU in this study, classified as Pythium clades, were present in each field in every state; however, major differences were observed in the relative abundance of each clade, which resulted in clustering of states in close proximity. Because there was similar community composition (presence or absence) but differences in OTU abundance by state, the ordination analysis did not show strong patterns of aggregation. Incorporation of 37 environmental and edaphic factors using vector-fitting and Mantel tests identified 15 factors that correlate with the community composition in this survey. Further investigation using redundancy analysis identified latitude, longitude, precipitation, and temperature as factors that contribute to the variability observed in community composition. Soil parameters such as clay content and electrical conductivity also affected distribution of oomycete species. The present study suggests that oomycete species composition across geographical locations of soybean production is affected by a combination of environmental and edaphic conditions. This knowledge provides the basis to understand the ecology and distribution of oomycete species, especially those able to cause diseases in soybean, providing cues to develop management strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Alejandro Rojas
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Janette L Jacobs
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Stephanie Napieralski
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Behirda Karaj
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Carl A Bradley
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Thomas Chase
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Paul D Esker
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Loren J Giesler
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Doug J Jardine
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Dean K Malvick
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Samuel G Markell
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Berlin D Nelson
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Alison E Robertson
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - John C Rupe
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Damon L Smith
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Laura E Sweets
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Albert U Tenuta
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Kiersten A Wise
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Martin I Chilvers
- First, second, third, fourth, and nineteenth authors: Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and first and nineteenth authors: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; fifth author; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; sixth author: Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; seventh and fifteenth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706; eighth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583; ninth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506; tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108; eleventh and twelfth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105; thirteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; fourteenth author: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; sixteenth author: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211; seventeenth author: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON N0P2C0, Canada; and eighteenth author: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
An unusual case of seed dispersal in an invasive aquatic; yellow flag iris (Iris pseudacorus). Biol Invasions 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-016-1151-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
19
|
|
20
|
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of the Endemic Disjunct Species, Helenium virginicum (Asteraceae). AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST 2016. [DOI: 10.1674/0003-0031-175.2.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
21
|
Crocker EV, Lanzafane JJ, Karp MA, Nelson EB. Overwintering seeds as reservoirs for seedling pathogens of wetland plant species. Ecosphere 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen V. Crocker
- School of Integrative Plant Science Section of Plant Pathology and Plant‐Microbe Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Justin J. Lanzafane
- School of Integrative Plant Science Section of Plant Pathology and Plant‐Microbe Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Mary Ann Karp
- School of Integrative Plant Science Section of Plant Pathology and Plant‐Microbe Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Eric B. Nelson
- School of Integrative Plant Science Section of Plant Pathology and Plant‐Microbe Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Reininger V, Martinez-Garcia LB, Sanderson L, Antunes PM. Composition of fungal soil communities varies with plant abundance and geographic origin. AOB PLANTS 2015; 7:plv110. [PMID: 26371291 PMCID: PMC4614812 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plv110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Interactions of belowground fungal communities with exotic and native plant species may be important drivers of plant community structure in invaded grasslands. However, field surveys linking plant community structure with belowground fungal communities are missing. We investigated whether a selected number of abundant and relatively rare plants, either native or exotic, from an old-field site associate with different fungal communities. We also assessed whether these plants showed different symbiotic relationships with soil biota through their roots. We characterized the plant community and collected roots to investigate fungal communities using 454 pyrosequencing and assessed arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization and enemy-induced lesions. Differences in fungal communities were considered based on the assessment of α- and β diversity depending on plant 'abundance' and 'origin'. Plant abundance and origin determined the fungal community. Fungal richness was higher for native abundant as opposed to relatively rare native plant species. However, this was not observed for exotics of contrasting abundance. Regardless of their origin, β diversity was higher for rare than for abundant species. Abundant exotics in the community, which happen to be grasses, were the least mycorrhizal whereas rare natives were most susceptible to enemy attack. Our results suggest that compared with exotics, the relative abundance of remnant native plant species in our old-field site is still linked to the structure of belowground fungal communities. In contrast, exotic species may act as a disturbing agent contributing towards the homogenization of soil fungal communities, potentially changing feedback interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Reininger
- Department of Biology, Algoma University, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, P6A 2G4 Canada Present address: Agroscope, Institute for Plant Production Sciences IPS, Schloss 1, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland Present address: ETH Zurich, Institute of Integrative Biology, Forest Pathology and Dendrology, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura B Martinez-Garcia
- Department of Biology, Algoma University, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, P6A 2G4 Canada Present address: Department of Soil Quality, Wageningen University, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Sanderson
- Department of Biology, Algoma University, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, P6A 2G4 Canada
| | - Pedro M Antunes
- Department of Biology, Algoma University, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, P6A 2G4 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Crocker EV, Karp MA, Nelson EB. Virulence of oomycete pathogens from Phragmites australis-invaded and noninvaded soils to seedlings of wetland plant species. Ecol Evol 2015; 5:2127-39. [PMID: 26078850 PMCID: PMC4461415 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil pathogens affect plant community structure and function through negative plant-soil feedbacks that may contribute to the invasiveness of non-native plant species. Our understanding of these pathogen-induced soil feedbacks has relied largely on observations of the collective impact of the soil biota on plant populations, with few observations of accompanying changes in populations of specific soil pathogens and their impacts on invasive and noninvasive species. As a result, the roles of specific soil pathogens in plant invasions remain unknown. In this study, we examine the diversity and virulence of soil oomycete pathogens in freshwater wetland soils invaded by non-native Phragmites australis (European common reed) to better understand the potential for soil pathogen communities to impact a range of native and non-native species and influence invasiveness. We isolated oomycetes from four sites over a 2-year period, collecting nearly 500 isolates belonging to 36 different species. These sites were dominated by species of Pythium, many of which decreased seedling survival of a range of native and invasive plants. Despite any clear host specialization, many of the Pythium species were differentially virulent to the native and non-native plant species tested. Isolates from invaded and noninvaded soils were equally virulent to given individual plant species, and no apparent differences in susceptibility were observed between the collective groups of native and non-native plant species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen V Crocker
- Forest Health Research and Education Center, Department of Forestry, University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky, 40503
| | - Mary Ann Karp
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University Ithaca, New York, 14853
| | - Eric B Nelson
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University Ithaca, New York, 14853
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kowalski KP, Bacon C, Bickford W, Braun H, Clay K, Leduc-Lapierre M, Lillard E, McCormick MK, Nelson E, Torres M, White J, Wilcox DA. Advancing the science of microbial symbiosis to support invasive species management: a case study on Phragmites in the Great Lakes. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:95. [PMID: 25745417 PMCID: PMC4333861 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of literature supports microbial symbiosis as a foundational principle for the competitive success of invasive plant species. Further exploration of the relationships between invasive species and their associated microbiomes, as well as the interactions with the microbiomes of native species, can lead to key new insights into invasive success and potentially new and effective control approaches. In this manuscript, we review microbial relationships with plants, outline steps necessary to develop invasive species control strategies that are based on those relationships, and use the invasive plant species Phragmites australis (common reed) as an example of how development of microbial-based control strategies can be enhanced using a collective impact approach. The proposed science agenda, developed by the Collaborative for Microbial Symbiosis and Phragmites Management, contains a foundation of sequential steps and mutually-reinforcing tasks to guide the development of microbial-based control strategies for Phragmites and other invasive species. Just as the science of plant-microbial symbiosis can be transferred for use in other invasive species, so too can the model of collective impact be applied to other avenues of research and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kurt P. Kowalski
- U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science CenterAnn Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Charles Bacon
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceAthens, GA, USA
| | - Wesley Bickford
- U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science CenterAnn Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Keith Clay
- Department of Biology, Indiana UniversityBloomington, IN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Eric Nelson
- Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell UniversityIthaca, NY, USA
| | - Monica Torres
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers UniversityNew Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - James White
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers UniversityNew Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Douglas A. Wilcox
- Department of Environmental Science and Biology, The College at Brockport, State University of New YorkBrockport, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
An improved high throughput sequencing method for studying oomycete communities. J Microbiol Methods 2015; 110:33-9. [PMID: 25602160 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Culture-independent studies using next generation sequencing have revolutionized microbial ecology, however, oomycete ecology in soils is severely lagging behind. The aim of this study was to improve and validate standard techniques for using high throughput sequencing as a tool for studying oomycete communities. The well-known primer sets ITS4, ITS6 and ITS7 were used in the study in a semi-nested PCR approach to target the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1 of ribosomal DNA in a next generation sequencing protocol. These primers have been used in similar studies before, but with limited success. We were able to increase the proportion of retrieved oomycete sequences dramatically mainly by increasing the annealing temperature during PCR. The optimized protocol was validated using three mock communities and the method was further evaluated using total DNA from 26 soil samples collected from different agricultural fields in Denmark, and 11 samples from carrot tissue with symptoms of Pythium infection. Sequence data from the Pythium and Phytophthora mock communities showed that our strategy successfully detected all included species. Taxonomic assignments of OTUs from 26 soil sample showed that 95% of the sequences could be assigned to oomycetes including Pythium, Aphanomyces, Peronospora, Saprolegnia and Phytophthora. A high proportion of oomycete reads was consistently present in all 26 soil samples showing the versatility of the strategy. A large diversity of Pythium species including pathogenic and saprophytic species were dominating in cultivated soil. Finally, we analyzed amplicons from carrots with symptoms of cavity spot. This resulted in 94% of the reads belonging to oomycetes with a dominance of species of Pythium that are known to be involved in causing cavity spot, thus demonstrating the usefulness of the method not only in soil DNA but also in a plant DNA background. In conclusion, we demonstrate a successful approach for pyrosequencing of oomycete communities using ITS1 as the barcode sequence with well-known primers for oomycete DNA amplification.
Collapse
|
26
|
Coats VC, Rumpho ME. The rhizosphere microbiota of plant invaders: an overview of recent advances in the microbiomics of invasive plants. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:368. [PMID: 25101069 PMCID: PMC4107844 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants in terrestrial systems have evolved in direct association with microbes functioning as both agonists and antagonists of plant fitness and adaptability. As such, investigations that segregate plants and microbes provide only a limited scope of the biotic interactions that dictate plant community structure and composition in natural systems. Invasive plants provide an excellent working model to compare and contrast the effects of microbial communities associated with natural plant populations on plant fitness, adaptation, and fecundity. The last decade of DNA sequencing technology advancements opened the door to microbial community analysis, which has led to an increased awareness of the importance of an organism’s microbiome and the disease states associated with microbiome shifts. Employing microbiome analysis to study the symbiotic networks associated with invasive plants will help us to understand what microorganisms contribute to plant fitness in natural systems, how different soil microbial communities impact plant fitness and adaptability, specificity of host–microbe interactions in natural plant populations, and the selective pressures that dictate the structure of above-ground and below-ground biotic communities. This review discusses recent advances in invasive plant biology that have resulted from microbiome analyses as well as the microbial factors that direct plant fitness and adaptability in natural systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa C Coats
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine Orono, ME, USA
| | - Mary E Rumpho
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Storrs, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|