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Gregory KA, Francesiaz C, Jiguet F, Besnard A. A synthesis of recent tools and perspectives in migratory connectivity studies. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2023; 11:69. [PMID: 37891684 PMCID: PMC10605477 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-023-00388-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Migration movements connect breeding and non-breeding bird populations over the year. Such links, referred to as migratory connectivity, have important implications for migratory population dynamics as they dictate the consequences of localised events for the whole population network. This calls for concerted efforts to understand migration processes for large-scale conservation. Over the last 20 years, the toolbox to investigate connectivity patterns has expanded and studies now consider migratory connectivity over a broader range of species and contexts. Here, we summarise recent developments in analysing migratory connectivity, focusing on strategies and challenges to pooling various types of data to both optimise and broaden the scope of connectivity studies. We find that the different approaches used to investigate migratory connectivity still have complementary strengths and weaknesses, whether in terms of cost, spatial and temporal resolution, or challenges in obtaining large sample sizes or connectivity estimates. Certain recent developments offer particularly promising prospects: robust quantitative models for banding data, improved precision of geolocators and accessibility of telemetry tracking systems, and increasingly precise probabilistic assignments based on genomic markers or large-scale isoscapes. In parallel, studies have proposed various ways to combine the information of different datasets, from simply comparing the connectivity patterns they draw to formally integrating their analyses. Such data combinations have proven to be more accurate in estimating connectivity patterns, particularly for integrated approaches that offer promising flexibility. Given the diversity of available tools, future studies would benefit from a rigorous comparative evaluation of the different methodologies to guide data collection to complete migration atlases: where and when should data be collected during the migratory cycle to best describe connectivity patterns? Which data are most favourable to combine, and under what conditions? Are there methods for combining data that are better than others? Can combination methods be improved by adjusting the contribution of the various data in the models? How can we fully integrate connectivity with demographic and environmental data? Data integration shows strong potential to deepen our understanding of migratory connectivity as a dynamic ecological process, especially if the gaps can be bridged between connectivity, population and environmental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Killian A Gregory
- Master de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.
- CESCO, MNHN-CNRS-Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France.
| | | | | | - Aurélien Besnard
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE-PSL University, IRD, Montpellier, France
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2
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Ko JCJ, Chang AY, Lin RS, Lee PF. Deforestation within breeding ranges may still drive population trends of migratory forest birds in the East Asian Flyway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14007. [PMID: 37635179 PMCID: PMC10460791 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40626-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The East Asian Flyway (EAF) is the most species diverse of global flyways, with deforestation in its migratory landbird's non-breeding range suspected to be the main driver of population decline. Yet range-wide habitat loss impact assessments on EAF migratory landbirds are scarce, and seasonal variation in habitat preference of migratory species further increases the complexity for conservation strategies. In this study, we reviewed population trends of migratory forest breeding birds in the EAF along with their seasonal habitat preference from the literature and assessed the impact of forest cover change in species' breeding and non-breeding ranges on population trends. We found that 41.3% of the bird species with trend data available are declining, and most have higher forest preference in the breeding season. Despite 93.4% of the species experienced deforestation throughout their annual cycle, forest cover change in the non-breeding range was not identified as the main driver of population trend. However, forest cover change in species' regional breeding range interacts positively with the degree of breeding season forest preference in predicting population trends. We therefore stress that regional breeding habitat protection may still be important while following the call for cross-border collaboration to fill the information gap for flyway conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Chie-Jen Ko
- Taiwan Biodiversity Research Institute, Nantou, 552002, Taiwan
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106216, Taiwan
| | - An-Yu Chang
- Taiwan Biodiversity Research Institute, Nantou, 552002, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Shing Lin
- Taiwan Biodiversity Research Institute, Nantou, 552002, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fen Lee
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106216, Taiwan.
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3
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Hobson KA, Kardynal KJ. Multi-isotope (δ 2H, δ 13C, δ 15N) feather profiles and morphometrics inform patterns of migratory connectivity in three species of North American swallows. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2023; 11:48. [PMID: 37528460 PMCID: PMC10391972 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-023-00412-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Aerial insectivorous birds have suffered steep population declines in North America over the last 60 years. A lack of information on migratory connectivity between breeding and non-breeding grounds for these species limits our ability to interpret factors affecting their population-specific trends. We determined likely Latin American non-breeding regions of Bank (Riparia riparia), Barn (Hirundo rustica) and Cliff (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) swallow from populations across their breeding ranges. We used predicted feather hydrogen (δ2Hf) and carbon (δ13Cf) isoscapes for winter-grown feathers to indicate areas of highest probability of moult origin and incorporated these results into a cluster analysis to determine likely broad non-breeding regions. We also assessed variation in wing length among populations to determine the potential for this metric to differentiate population moult origins. We then investigated patterns of multi-isotopic (δ2Hf, δ13Cf, δ15Nf) and wing-length niche occupancy by quantifying niche size and overlap among populations under the assumption that broad niches were consistent with low within-species migratory connectivity and narrow and non-overlapping niches with higher connectivity. Multivariate assignment identified different non-breeding regions and potential clusters of moult origin generally corresponding to Central America and northern South America, eastern and south-central South America, and the western and southern part of that continent, with variation within and among populations and species. Separate niche space indicated different wintering habitat or areas used by species or populations whereas niche overlap indicated only potential spatial similarity. Wing length varied significantly among populations by species, being longer in the west and north for Bank and Cliff Swallow and longer in eastern Canadian Barn Swallow populations. Barn Swallow occupied consistently larger isotopic and wing length niche space than the other species. Comparisons among populations across species showed variable isotopic and wing-length niche overlap generally being greater within breeding regions and lower between western and eastern breeding populations supporting a general North American continental divide for all species with generally low migratory connectivity for all species. We present a novel approach to assessing connectivity using inexpensive and broad isotopic approaches that provides the basis for hypothesis testing using more spatially explicit expensive techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith A Hobson
- Wildlife and Landscape Research Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 3H5, Canada.
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada.
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E2, Canada.
| | - Kevin J Kardynal
- Wildlife and Landscape Research Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 3H5, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E2, Canada
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Roberts A, Scarpignato AL, Huysman A, Hostetler JA, Cohen EB. Migratory connectivity of North American waterfowl across administrative flyways. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 33:e2788. [PMID: 36482795 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Management of waterfowl that migrate seasonally across North America occurs within four flyways that were delineated in the early 1900s to include the annual movements of populations. Movements may have changed over the past century since the administrative flyways were established, and may do so while management plans are in use, so information about transitions among flyways through time can illustrate how management assumptions may change. Today there are more than 12 million records from 60 years of migratory waterfowl band recoveries to assess adaptive management approaches that will be most effective when they account for movements within and between flyways. We examined how much the movement of North American waterfowl occurs between flyways, whether those movements have changed through time, and whether movements of mallards are representative of multiple species, as suggested by current harvest management strategies. We estimated the probability a duck would transition from one flyway to another and the strength of migratory connectivity (MC) for each species within and among flyways. We used capture-mark-recovery models to estimate population-specific movement within and among flyways (transition probabilities) for 15 migratory waterfowl species that were banded during breeding and recovered during winter. We developed new functionality in the R package MigConnectivity to estimate the species-specific strength of MC using transition probability samples from the capture-mark-recovery models. We found the regular movement of duck populations among flyways, overall weak MC, and no consistent change in migratory movements through time. Mallard movements were median among all duck species, but significantly different from many species, particularly diving ducks. Despite the significant movement between flyways, our work suggests flyway management of waterfowl matches many of the seasonal movements of these species when considering mid-continent flyway management. We recommend models accounting for all transition probabilities between populations and regularly estimating harvest derivations, transition probabilities, and MC metrics to verify that the current movements match model assumptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Roberts
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Migratory Bird Management, Laurel, Maryland, USA
| | - Amy L Scarpignato
- Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Allison Huysman
- Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Hostetler
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Migratory Bird Management, Laurel, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily B Cohen
- Appalachian Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Frostburg, Maryland, USA
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5
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Siefferman L, Bentz AB, Rosvall KA. Decoupling pioneering traits from latitudinal patterns in a north American bird experiencing a southward range shift. J Anim Ecol 2023. [PMID: 36815243 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Ecogeographic rules describe spatial patterns in biological trait variation and shed light on the drivers of such variation. In animals, a consensus is emerging that 'pioneering' traits may facilitate range shifts via a set of bold, aggressive and stress-resilient traits. Many of these same traits are associated with more northern latitudes, and most range shifts in the northern hemisphere indicate northward movement. As a consequence, it is unclear whether pioneering traits are simply corollaries of existing latitudinal variation, or whether they override other well-trodden latitudinal patterning as a unique ecogeographic rule of phenotypic variation. The tree swallow Tachycineta bicolor is a songbird undergoing a southward range shift in the eastern United States, in direct opposition of the poleward movement seen in most other native species' range shifts. Because this organic range shift countervails the typical direction of movement, this case study provides for unique ecological insights on organisms and their ability to thrive in our changing world. We sampled female birds across seven populations, quantifying behavioural, physiological and morphological traits. We also used GIS and field data to quantify a core set of ecological factors with strong ties to these traits as well as female performance. Females at more southern expansion sites displayed higher maternal aggression, higher baseline corticosterone and more pronounced elevation of corticosterone following a standardized stressor, contrary to otherwise largely conserved latitudinal patterning in these traits. Microhabitat variation explained some quantitative phenotypic variation, but the expansion and historic ranges did not differ in openness, distance to water or breeding density. This countervailing range shift therefore suggests that pioneering traits are not simply corollaries of existing latitudinal variation, but rather, they may override other well-trodden latitudinal patterning as a unique ecogeographic rule of phenotypic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Siefferman
- Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alexandra B Bentz
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
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Moisan L, Gravel D, Legagneux P, Gauthier G, Léandri-Breton DJ, Somveille M, Therrien JF, Lamarre JF, Bêty J. Scaling migrations to communities: An empirical case of migration network in the Arctic. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1077260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Seasonal migrants transport energy, nutrients, contaminants, parasites and diseases, while also connecting distant food webs between communities and ecosystems, which contributes to structuring meta-communities and meta-ecosystems. However, we currently lack a framework to characterize the structure of the spatial connections maintained by all migratory species reproducing or wintering in a given community. Here, we use a network approach to represent and characterize migratory pathways at the community level and provide an empirical description of this pattern from a High-Arctic terrestrial community. We define community migration networks as multipartite networks representing different biogeographic regions connected with a focal community through the seasonal movements of its migratory species. We focus on the Bylot Island High-Arctic terrestrial community, a summer breeding ground for several migratory species. We define the non-breeding range of each species using tracking devices, or range maps refined by flyways and habitat types. We show that the migratory species breeding on Bylot Island are found across hundreds of ecoregions on several continents during the non-breeding period and present a low spatial overlap. The migratory species are divided into groups associated with different sets of ecoregions. The non-random structure observed in our empirical community migration network suggests evolutionary and geographic constraints as well as ecological factors act to shape migrations at the community level. Overall, our study provides a simple and generalizable framework as a starting point to better integrate migrations at the community level. Our framework is a far-reaching tool that could be adapted to address the seasonal transport of energy, contaminants, parasites and diseases in ecosystems, as well as trophic interactions in communities with migratory species.
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Meehan TD, Saunders SP, DeLuca WV, Michel NL, Grand J, Deppe JL, Jimenez MF, Knight EJ, Seavy NE, Smith MA, Taylor L, Witko C, Akresh ME, Barber DR, Bayne EM, Beasley JC, Belant JL, Bierregaard RO, Bildstein KL, Boves TJ, Brzorad JN, Campbell SP, Celis‐Murillo A, Cooke HA, Domenech R, Goodrich L, Gow EA, Haines A, Hallworth MT, Hill JM, Holland AE, Jennings S, Kays R, King DT, Mackenzie SA, Marra PP, McCabe RA, McFarland KP, McGrady MJ, Melcer R, Norris DR, Norvell RE, Rhodes OE, Rimmer CC, Scarpignato AL, Shreading A, Watson JL, Wilsey CB. Integrating data types to estimate spatial patterns of avian migration across the Western Hemisphere. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 32:e2679. [PMID: 35588285 PMCID: PMC9787853 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
For many avian species, spatial migration patterns remain largely undescribed, especially across hemispheric extents. Recent advancements in tracking technologies and high-resolution species distribution models (i.e., eBird Status and Trends products) provide new insights into migratory bird movements and offer a promising opportunity for integrating independent data sources to describe avian migration. Here, we present a three-stage modeling framework for estimating spatial patterns of avian migration. First, we integrate tracking and band re-encounter data to quantify migratory connectivity, defined as the relative proportions of individuals migrating between breeding and nonbreeding regions. Next, we use estimated connectivity proportions along with eBird occurrence probabilities to produce probabilistic least-cost path (LCP) indices. In a final step, we use generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs) both to evaluate the ability of LCP indices to accurately predict (i.e., as a covariate) observed locations derived from tracking and band re-encounter data sets versus pseudo-absence locations during migratory periods and to create a fully integrated (i.e., eBird occurrence, LCP, and tracking/band re-encounter data) spatial prediction index for mapping species-specific seasonal migrations. To illustrate this approach, we apply this framework to describe seasonal migrations of 12 bird species across the Western Hemisphere during pre- and postbreeding migratory periods (i.e., spring and fall, respectively). We found that including LCP indices with eBird occurrence in GAMMs generally improved the ability to accurately predict observed migratory locations compared to models with eBird occurrence alone. Using three performance metrics, the eBird + LCP model demonstrated equivalent or superior fit relative to the eBird-only model for 22 of 24 species-season GAMMs. In particular, the integrated index filled in spatial gaps for species with over-water movements and those that migrated over land where there were few eBird sightings and, thus, low predictive ability of eBird occurrence probabilities (e.g., Amazonian rainforest in South America). This methodology of combining individual-based seasonal movement data with temporally dynamic species distribution models provides a comprehensive approach to integrating multiple data types to describe broad-scale spatial patterns of animal movement. Further development and customization of this approach will continue to advance knowledge about the full annual cycle and conservation of migratory birds.
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Lagassé BJ, Lanctot RB, Brown S, Dondua AG, Kendall S, Latty CJ, Liebezeit JR, Loktionov EY, Maslovsky KS, Matsyna AI, Matsyna EL, McGuire RL, Payer DC, Saalfeld ST, Slaght JC, Solovyeva DV, Tomkovich PS, Valchuk OP, Wunder MB. Migratory network reveals unique spatial-temporal migration dynamics of Dunlin subspecies along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270957. [PMID: 35925977 PMCID: PMC9352067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Determining the dynamics of where and when individuals occur is necessary to understand population declines and identify critical areas for populations of conservation concern. However, there are few examples where a spatially and temporally explicit model has been used to evaluate the migratory dynamics of a bird population across its entire annual cycle. We used geolocator-derived migration tracks of 84 Dunlin (Calidris alpina) on the East Asian-Australasian Flyway (EAAF) to construct a migratory network describing annual subspecies-specific migration patterns in space and time. We found that Dunlin subspecies exhibited unique patterns of spatial and temporal flyway use. Spatially, C. a. arcticola predominated in regions along the eastern edge of the flyway (e.g., western Alaska and central Japan), whereas C. a. sakhalina predominated in regions along the western edge of the flyway (e.g., N China and inland China). No individual Dunlin that wintered in Japan also wintered in the Yellow Sea, China seas, or inland China, and vice-versa. However, similar proportions of the 4 subspecies used many of the same regions at the center of the flyway (e.g., N Sakhalin Island and the Yellow Sea). Temporally, Dunlin subspecies staggered their south migrations and exhibited little temporal overlap among subspecies within shared migration regions. In contrast, Dunlin subspecies migrated simultaneously during north migration. South migration was also characterized by individuals stopping more often and for more days than during north migration. Taken together, these spatial-temporal migration dynamics indicate Dunlin subspecies may be differentially affected by regional habitat change and population declines according to where and when they occur. We suggest that the migration dynamics presented here are useful for guiding on-the-ground survey efforts to quantify subspecies’ use of specific sites, and to estimate subspecies’ population sizes and long-term trends. Such studies would significantly advance our understanding of Dunlin space-time dynamics and the coordination of Dunlin conservation actions across the EAAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Lagassé
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Richard B. Lanctot
- Division of Migratory Bird Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, AK, United States of America
| | - Stephen Brown
- Manomet, Inc., Saxtons River, VT, United States of America
| | | | - Steve Kendall
- Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Fairbanks, AK, United States of America
| | - Christopher J. Latty
- Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Fairbanks, AK, United States of America
| | | | | | - Konstantin S. Maslovsky
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | | | | | - Rebecca L. McGuire
- Arctic Beringia Regional Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, Fairbanks, AK, United States of America
| | - David C. Payer
- Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Fairbanks, AK, United States of America
| | - Sarah T. Saalfeld
- Division of Migratory Bird Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, AK, United States of America
| | - Jonathan C. Slaght
- Arctic Beringia Regional Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, Fairbanks, AK, United States of America
| | | | | | - Olga P. Valchuk
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Michael B. Wunder
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, United States of America
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Imlay TL, Mann HAR, Ding AC, Thomas P, Whittam R, Leonard ML, Zhao Q. Annual adult survival rates for four sympatric breeding swallow species: effects of environmental factors and density-dependence. CAN J ZOOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2021-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Swallow (Family: Hirundinidae) populations in the Canadian Maritimes have declined since the 1980s. Using mark-recapture data from 2012–2019, we determined apparent annual adult survival rates for Barn Hirundo rustica Linnaeus, 1758, Tree Tachycineta bicolor Vieillot, 1808, Bank Riparia riparia Linnaeus, 1758, and Cliff swallows Petrochelidon pyrrhonota Vieillot, 1817. For two data-rich species (Barn and Tree swallows), we modelled the relationships between survival and weather (cold snaps, precipitation, temperature, and wind speed); climate (El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)); Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) as a measure of primary productivity during the winter; number of active nests as a measure of site quality; and the Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) annual population index as density dependent processes. Survival rates for all four species were typically higher (Barn and Tree) or similar to (Cliff and Bank) of estimates from populations that have not undergone severe, long-term declines. Across weather and climate variables, conditions that are typically favourable for high insect availability (e.g., higher precipitation, warmer temperatures and lower wind speeds) resulted in higher survival. For female Barn and Tree Swallows, survival was higher when EVI was lower, and for Barn Swallows, survival was also higher when the BBS index was higher. Collectively our results demonstrate that conditions throughout the annual cycle affect survival, and the relationships with weather and climate variables support the importance of high insect availability
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara L Imlay
- Dalhousie University, Department of Biology, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Acadia University, Department of Biology , Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 6347, Pacific Wildlife Research Centre, Canadian Wildlife Service, Delta, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hilary A R Mann
- Dalhousie University, 3688, Department of Biology, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Andrew Chen Ding
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Peter Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Rebecca Whittam
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Marty L. Leonard
- Dalhousie University, Department of Biology, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada,
| | - Qing Zhao
- University of Missouri, 14716, School of Natural Resources, Columbia, Missouri, United States
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Vincent JG, Schuster R, Wilson S, Fink D, Bennett JR. Clustering community science data to infer songbird migratory connectivity in the Western Hemisphere. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard Schuster
- Department of Biology Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
- Ecosystem Science and Management Program University of Northern British Columbia Prince George British Columbia Canada
- The Nature Conservancy of Canada Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Scott Wilson
- Department of Biology Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
- Wildlife Research Division Pacific Wildlife Research Centre, Environment and Climate Change Canada Delta British Columbia Canada
| | - Daniel Fink
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology Ithaca New York USA
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11
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Skinner AA, Ward MP, Souza‐Cole I, Wright JR, Thompson FR, Benson TJ, Matthews SN, Tonra CM. High spatiotemporal overlap in the non‐breeding season despite geographically dispersed breeding locations in the eastern whip‐poor‐will (
Antrostomus vociferus
). DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron A. Skinner
- School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Michael P. Ward
- Illinois Natural History Survey Prairie Research Institute University of Illinois Champaign Illinois USA
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA
| | - Ian Souza‐Cole
- Illinois Natural History Survey Prairie Research Institute University of Illinois Champaign Illinois USA
| | - James R. Wright
- School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Frank R. Thompson
- United States Forest ServiceNorthern Research Station Columbia Missouri USA
| | - Thomas J. Benson
- Illinois Natural History Survey Prairie Research Institute University of Illinois Champaign Illinois USA
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA
| | - Stephen N. Matthews
- School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Christopher M. Tonra
- School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA
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12
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Morrick ZN, Lilleyman A, Fuller RA, Bush R, Coleman JT, Garnett ST, Gerasimov YN, Jessop R, Ma Z, Maglio G, Minton CDT, Syroechkovskiy E, Woodworth BK. Differential population trends align with migratory connectivity in an endangered shorebird. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zaine N. Morrick
- School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Amanda Lilleyman
- Threatened Species Recovery Hub, National Environmental Science Program, Research Institute for Environment and Livelihoods Charles Darwin University Casuarina Northern Territory Australia
| | - Richard A. Fuller
- School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Robert Bush
- Queensland Wader Study Group Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Australasian Wader Studies Group Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | | | - Stephen T. Garnett
- Threatened Species Recovery Hub, National Environmental Science Program, Research Institute for Environment and Livelihoods Charles Darwin University Casuarina Northern Territory Australia
- Queensland Wader Study Group Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | | | - Roz Jessop
- Australasian Wader Studies Group Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Victorian Wader Study Group Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Zhijun Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science, School of Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Grace Maglio
- Australasian Wader Studies Group Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Clive D. T. Minton
- Australasian Wader Studies Group Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Victorian Wader Study Group Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Evgeny Syroechkovskiy
- All‐Russian Research Institute for Nature Conservation of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment/BirdsRussia Moscow Russia
| | - Bradley K. Woodworth
- School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Queensland Wader Study Group Brisbane Queensland Australia
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13
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Linking migratory performance to breeding phenology and productivity in an Afro-Palearctic long-distance migrant. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23258. [PMID: 34853345 PMCID: PMC8636482 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between migratory performance and fitness is crucial for predicting population dynamics of migratory species. In this study, we used geolocators to explore migration performance (speed and duration of migratory movements, migratory timings) and its association with breeding phenology and productivity in an Afro-Palearctic insectivore, the European bee-eater (Merops apiaster), breeding in Iberian Peninsula. Bee-eaters migrated at higher travel speeds and had shorter travel duration in spring compared to autumn. Individuals that departed earlier or spent fewer days in-flight arrived earlier to the breeding areas. Our results show overall positive, but year-specific, linkages between arrival and laying dates. In one year, laying was earlier and productivity was higher, remaining constant throughout the season, while in the subsequent year productivity was lower and, importantly, declined with laying date. These results suggest that arriving earlier can be advantageous for bee-eaters, as in years when breeding conditions are favourable, early and late breeders produce high and similar number of fledglings, but when conditions are unfavourable only early breeders experience high productivity levels.
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14
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Carle‐Pruneau E, Bélisle M, Pelletier F, Garant D. Determinants of nest box local recruitment and natal dispersal in a declining bird population. OIKOS 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Bélisle
- Dépt de Biologie, Univ. de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC Canada
| | | | - Dany Garant
- Dépt de Biologie, Univ. de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC Canada
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15
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Poisson MC, Garrett DR, Sigouin A, Bélisle M, Garant D, Haroune L, Bellenger JP, Pelletier F. Assessing pesticides exposure effects on the reproductive performance of a declining aerial insectivore. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2021; 31:e02415. [PMID: 34278650 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the context of increasing global environmental changes, it has become progressively important to understand the effects of human activity on wildlife populations. Declines in several avian populations have been observed since the 1970s, especially with respect to many farmland and grassland birds, which also include some aerial insectivores. Changes in farming practices referred to as agricultural intensification coincide with these major avian declines. Among those practices, increased pesticide use is hypothesized to be a key driver of avian population declines as it can lead to both toxicological and trophic effects. While numerous laboratory studies report that birds experience acute and chronic effects upon consuming pesticide treated food, little is known about the effects of the exposure to multiple pesticides on wildlife in natural settings. We monitored the breeding activities of Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) on 40 farms distributed over a gradient of agricultural intensification in southern Québec, Canada, to evaluate the presence of pesticides in their diet and quantify the exposure effects of those compounds on their reproductive performance between 2013 and 2018. We first assessed the presence of 54 active agents (or derivatives) found in pesticides in 2,081 food boluses (insects) delivered to nestlings by parents and documented their spatial distribution within our study area. Second, we assessed the effect of pesticide exposure through food (number of active agents detected and number of contaminated boluses on a given farm for a given year, while controlling for sampling effort) on clutch size as well as hatching and fledging successes and nestling's mass upon fledging. Pesticides were ubiquitous in our study system and nearly half (46%) of food boluses were contaminated by at least one active agent. Yet we found no relationship between our proxies of food contamination by pesticides and Tree Swallow reproductive performance. More studies are needed to better understand the putative role of pesticides in the decline of farmland birds and aerial insectivores as potential sublethal effects of pesticides can carry over to later life stages and impact fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christine Poisson
- Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Daniel R Garrett
- Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Audrey Sigouin
- Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Marc Bélisle
- Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Dany Garant
- Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Lounès Haroune
- Département de chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Bellenger
- Département de chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Fanie Pelletier
- Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1K 2R1, Canada
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16
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Somveille M, Bay RA, Smith TB, Marra PP, Ruegg KC. A general theory of avian migratory connectivity. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:1848-1858. [PMID: 34173311 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Birds exhibit a remarkable array of seasonal migrations. Despite much research describing migratory behaviour, the underlying forces driving how a species' breeding and wintering populations redistribute each year, that is, migratory connectivity, remain largely unknown. Here, we test the hypothesis that birds migrate in a way that minimises energy expenditure while considering intraspecific competition for energy acquisition, by developing a modelling framework that simulates an optimal redistribution of individuals between breeding and wintering areas. Using 25 species across the Americas, we find that the model accurately predicts empirical migration patterns, and thus offers a general explanation for migratory connectivity based on first ecological and energetic principles. Our model provides a strong basis for exploring additional processes underlying the ecology and evolution of migration, but also a framework for predicting how migration impacts local adaptation across seasons and how environmental change may affect population dynamics in migratory species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Somveille
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rachael A Bay
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Thomas B Smith
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute for the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peter P Marra
- Department of Biology and McCourt School of Public Policy, Georgetown University, DC, USA
| | - Kristen C Ruegg
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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17
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Stanley CQ, Dudash MR, Ryder TB, Shriver WG, Serno K, Adalsteinsson S, Marra PP. Seasonal variation in habitat selection for a Neotropical migratory songbird using high‐resolution GPS tracking. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Calandra Q. Stanley
- Migratory Bird Center Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute Washington D. C.20008USA
- Graduate Program in Behavior, Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics University of Maryland College Park Maryland20742USA
- Department of Biology and McCourt School of Public Policy Georgetown University 37th and O Streets NW Washington D. C.20057USA
| | - Michele R. Dudash
- Department of Natural Resource Management South Dakota State University Brookings South Dakota57007USA
| | - Thomas B. Ryder
- Migratory Bird Center Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute Washington D. C.20008USA
- Bird Conservancy of the Rockies 230 Cherry St, Suite 150 Fort Collins Colorado80521USA
| | - W. Gregory Shriver
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of Delaware Newark Delaware19716USA
| | - Kimberly Serno
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of Delaware Newark Delaware19716USA
| | - Solny Adalsteinsson
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of Delaware Newark Delaware19716USA
- Tyson Research Center Washington University in St. Louis 6750 Tyson Valley Road Eureka Missouri63025USA
| | - Peter P. Marra
- Migratory Bird Center Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute Washington D. C.20008USA
- Department of Biology and McCourt School of Public Policy Georgetown University 37th and O Streets NW Washington D. C.20057USA
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18
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Mancuso KA, Fylling MA, Bishop CA, Hodges KE, Lancaster MB, Stone KR. Migration ecology of western gray catbirds. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2021; 9:10. [PMID: 33731214 PMCID: PMC7972347 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-021-00249-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For many songbirds in North America, we lack movement details about the full annual cycle, notably outside the breeding season. Understanding how populations are linked spatially between breeding and overwintering periods (migratory connectivity) is crucial to songbird conservation and management. We assessed migratory connectivity for 2 breeding populations of Gray Catbirds (Dumetella carolinensis) west of and within the Rocky Mountains by determining migration routes, stopover sites, and overwintering locations. Additionally, we compared apparent annual survivorship for both populations. METHODS We deployed 39 archival light-level geolocators and 21 Global Positioning System (GPS) tags on catbirds in the South Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, Canada, and 32 geolocators and 52 GPS tags in the Bitterroot River Valley, Montana, USA. These devices allowed us to determine migration routes, stopover sites, overwintering locations, and migratory connectivity. Migratory connectivity was quantified using Mantel's correlation. We used mark-recapture of colour banded catbirds in both sites to estimate apparent annual survivorship. RESULTS We retrieved 6 geolocators and 19 GPS tags with usable data. Gray Catbirds from both populations passed through the Rocky Mountains eastward before heading south towards their overwintering locations in northeastern Mexico and Texas. Stopover sites during fall migration occurred primarily in Montana, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas. Overwintering locations spanned Texas and 5 states in northeastern Mexico. Individual catbirds used up to 4 distinct sites during the overwintering period. Catbirds separated by almost 500 km during the breeding season overlapped during the non-breeding season, suggesting weak migratory connectivity among western populations (Mantel's correlation = 0.013, P-value = 0.41). Catbird apparent annual survivorship estimates were higher in British Columbia (0.61 ± 0.06 females; 0.64 ± 0.05 males) than in Montana (0.34 ± 0.05 females; 0.43 ± 0.04 males), though the main driver of these differences remain unclear. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide high precision geographic details during the breeding, migration, and overwintering phases of the annual cycle for western Gray Catbirds. Notably, we found that western catbirds followed the Central Flyway as opposed to the Pacific Flyway. We document that catbirds used multiple sites over winter, contrary to the popular belief that this phase of the annual cycle is stationary for most songbirds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen A Mancuso
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Megan A Fylling
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Christine A Bishop
- Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Delta, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karen E Hodges
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
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19
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Ruegg KC, Harrigan RJ, Saracco JF, Smith TB, Taylor CM. A genoscape-network model for conservation prioritization in a migratory bird. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2020; 34:1482-1491. [PMID: 32391608 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Migratory animals are declining worldwide and coordinated conservation efforts are needed to reverse current trends. We devised a novel genoscape-network model that combines genetic analyses with species distribution modeling and demographic data to overcome challenges with conceptualizing alternative risk factors in migratory species across their full annual cycle. We applied our method to the long distance, Neotropical migratory bird, Wilson's Warbler (Cardellina pusilla). Despite a lack of data from some wintering locations, we demonstrated how the results can be used to help prioritize conservation of breeding and wintering areas. For example, we showed that when genetic, demographic, and network modeling results were considered together it became clear that conservation recommendations will differ depending on whether the goal is to preserve unique genetic lineages or the largest number of birds per unit area. More specifically, if preservation of genetic lineages is the goal, then limited resources should be focused on preserving habitat in the California Sierra, Basin Rockies, or Coastal California, where the 3 most vulnerable genetic lineages breed, or in western Mexico, where 2 of the 3 most vulnerable lineages overwinter. Alternatively, if preservation of the largest number of individuals per unit area is the goal, then limited conservation dollars should be placed in the Pacific Northwest or Central America, where densities are estimated to be the highest. Overall, our results demonstrated the utility of adopting a genetically based network model for integrating multiple types of data across vast geographic scales and better inform conservation decision-making for migratory animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen C Ruegg
- Biology Department, Colorado State University, 251 W. Pitkins St, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, U.S.A
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, 619 Charles E Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S.A
| | - Ryan J Harrigan
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, 619 Charles E Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S.A
| | - James F Saracco
- The Institute for Bird Populations, PO Box 1346, Point Reyes Station, CA, 94956, U.S.A
| | - Thomas B Smith
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, 619 Charles E Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S.A
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S.A
| | - Caz M Taylor
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, 400 Lindy Boggs Center, New Orleans, LA, 70118, U.S.A
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20
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Kardynal KJ, Jardine TD, Génier CSV, Bumelis KH, Mitchell GW, Evans M, Hobson KA. Mercury exposure to swallows breeding in Canada inferred from feathers grown on breeding and non-breeding grounds. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:876-891. [PMID: 32656653 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02249-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aerial insectivorous birds such as swallows have been the steepest declining groups of birds in North America over the last 50 years but whether such declines are linked to contaminants has not been examined. We sampled feathers from five species of swallow at multiple locations to assess total mercury [THg] exposure for adults during the non-breeding season, and for juveniles on the breeding grounds. We assessed Hg exposure to juvenile birds in crop- and grass-dominated landscapes to determine if land-use practices influenced feather [THg]. We assayed feathers for stable isotopes (δ2H, δ13C, δ15N) as proxies for relative habitat use and diet to determine their potential influence on feather [THg]. Feather [THg] was highest in adult bank swallows (Riparia riparia) and purple martins (Progne subis) from Saskatchewan and adult cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) from western regions, indicating differential exposure to Hg on the non-breeding grounds. Juvenile bank, barn (Hirundo rustica) and tree (Tachycineta bicolor) swallows had lower feather [THg] in crop-dominated landscapes than grass-dominated landscapes in Saskatchewan, potentially resulting from lower use of wetland-derived insects due to wetland drainage and intensive agriculture. Feather [THg] was related to juvenile feather stable isotopes for several species, suggesting complex interactions with diet and environmental factors. Many individuals had feather [THg] values >2 µg/g, a threshold at which deleterious effects may occur. Our findings indicate differential Hg exposure among species of swallow, regions and land-uses and highlight the need for additional research to determine dietary and finer-scale land-use impacts on individual species and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Kardynal
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 11 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 3H5, Canada.
| | - Timothy D Jardine
- School of Environment and Sustainability, Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Corrine S V Génier
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Kaelyn H Bumelis
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Greg W Mitchell
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Marlene Evans
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 11 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 3H5, Canada
| | - Keith A Hobson
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 11 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 3H5, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
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21
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Florida's Strategic Position for Collaborative Automated Telemetry Tracking of Avian Movements Across the Americas. JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.3996/082019-jfwm-068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Burdick C, Siefferman L. Interspecific Density Influences the Adaptive Significance of Provisioning Coordination Between Breeding Partners. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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23
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Hill JM, Sandercock BK, Renfrew RB. Migration Patterns of Upland Sandpipers in the Western Hemisphere. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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24
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Norevik G, Åkesson S, Artois T, Beenaerts N, Conway G, Cresswell B, Evens R, Henderson I, Jiguet F, Hedenström A. Wind-associated detours promote seasonal migratory connectivity in a flapping flying long-distance avian migrant. J Anim Ecol 2019; 89:635-646. [PMID: 31581321 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It is essential to gain knowledge about the causes and extent of migratory connectivity between stationary periods of migrants to further the understanding of processes affecting populations, and to allow efficient implementation of conservation efforts throughout the annual cycle. Avian migrants likely use optimal routes with respect to mode of locomotion, orientation and migration strategy, influenced by external factors such as wind and topography. In self-powered flapping flying birds, any increases in fuel loads are associated with added flight costs. Energy-minimizing migrants are therefore predicted to trade-off extended detours against reduced travel across ecological barriers with no or limited foraging opportunities. Here, we quantify the extent of detours taken by different populations of European nightjars Caprimulgus europaeus, to test our predictions that they used routes beneficial according to energetic principles and evaluate the effect of route shape on seasonal migratory connectivity. We combined data on birds tracked from breeding sites along a longitudinal gradient from England to Sweden. We analysed the migratory connectivity between breeding and main non-breeding sites, and en route stopover sites just south of the Sahara desert. We quantified each track's route extension relative to the direct route between breeding and wintering sites, respectively, and contrasted it to the potential detour derived from the barrier reduction along the track while accounting for potential wind effects. Nightjars extended their tracks from the direct route between breeding and main non-breeding sites as they crossed the Mediterranean Sea-Sahara desert, the major ecological barrier in the Palaearctic-African migration system. These clockwise detours were small for birds from eastern sites but increased from east to west breeding longitude. Routes of the tracked birds were associated with partial reduction in the barrier crossing resulting in a trade-off between route extension and barrier reduction, as expected in an energy-minimizing migrant. This study demonstrates how the costs of barrier crossings in prevailing winds can disrupt migratory routes towards slightly different goals, and thereby promote migratory connectivity. This is an important link between individual migration strategies in association with an ecological barrier, and both spatially and demographic population patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Norevik
- Department of Biology, Centre for Animal Movement Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Susanne Åkesson
- Department of Biology, Centre for Animal Movement Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tom Artois
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group: Zoology, Biodiversity and Toxicology, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Natalie Beenaerts
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group: Zoology, Biodiversity and Toxicology, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | | | | | - Ruben Evens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group: Zoology, Biodiversity and Toxicology, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland
| | | | - Frédéric Jiguet
- UMR7204 MNHN-CNRS-SU, Centre d'Ecologie et de Sciences de la Conservation, Paris, France
| | - Anders Hedenström
- Department of Biology, Centre for Animal Movement Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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25
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Gow EA, Knight SM, Bradley DW, Clark RG, Winkler DW, Bélisle M, Berzins LL, Blake T, Bridge ES, Burke L, Dawson RD, Dunn PO, Garant D, Holroyd G, Horn AG, Hussell DJT, Lansdorp O, Laughlin AJ, Leonard ML, Pelletier F, Shutler D, Siefferman L, Taylor CM, Trefry H, Vleck CM, Vleck D, Whittingham LA, Norris DR. Effects of Spring Migration Distance on Tree Swallow Reproductive Success Within and Among Flyways. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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26
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Taylor CM. Effects of Natal Dispersal and Density-Dependence on Connectivity Patterns and Population Dynamics in a Migratory Network. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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27
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de Zwaan DR, Wilson S, Gow EA, Martin K. Sex-Specific Spatiotemporal Variation and Carry-Over Effects in a Migratory Alpine Songbird. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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28
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Lamb JS, Paton PWC, Osenkowski JE, Badzinski SS, Berlin AM, Bowman T, Dwyer C, Fara LJ, Gilliland SG, Kenow K, Lepage C, Mallory ML, Olsen GH, Perry MC, Petrie SA, Savard JL, Savoy L, Schummer M, Spiegel CS, McWilliams SR. Spatially explicit network analysis reveals multi-species annual cycle movement patterns of sea ducks. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 29:e01919. [PMID: 31141283 PMCID: PMC6851985 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Conservation of long-distance migratory species poses unique challenges. Migratory connectivity, that is, the extent to which groupings of individuals at breeding sites are maintained in wintering areas, is frequently used to evaluate population structure and assess use of key habitat areas. However, for species with complex or variable annual cycle movements, this traditional bimodal framework of migratory connectivity may be overly simplistic. Like many other waterfowl, sea ducks often travel to specific pre- and post-breeding sites outside their nesting and wintering areas to prepare for migration by feeding extensively and, in some cases, molting their flight feathers. These additional migrations may play a key role in population structure, but are not included in traditional models of migratory connectivity. Network analysis, which applies graph theory to assess linkages between discrete locations or entities, offers a powerful tool for quantitatively assessing the contributions of different sites used throughout the annual cycle to complex spatial networks. We collected satellite telemetry data on annual cycle movements of 672 individual sea ducks of five species from throughout eastern North America and the Great Lakes. From these data, we constructed a multi-species network model of migratory patterns and site use over the course of breeding, molting, wintering, and migratory staging. Our results highlight inter- and intra-specific differences in the patterns and complexity of annual cycle movement patterns, including the central importance of staging and molting sites in James Bay, the St. Lawrence River, and southern New England to multi-species annual cycle habitat linkages, and highlight the value of Long-tailed Ducks (Calengula haemalis) as an umbrella species to represent the movement patterns of multiple sea duck species. We also discuss potential applications of network migration models to conservation prioritization, identification of population units, and integrating different data streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet S. Lamb
- Department of Natural Resources ScienceUniversity of Rhode IslandKingstonRhode Island02881USA
- Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management277 Great Neck RoadWest KingstonRhode Island02892USA
| | - Peter W. C. Paton
- Department of Natural Resources ScienceUniversity of Rhode IslandKingstonRhode Island02881USA
| | - Jason E. Osenkowski
- Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management277 Great Neck RoadWest KingstonRhode Island02892USA
| | | | - Alicia M. Berlin
- U.S. Geological Survey Patuxent Wildlife Research Center12100 Beech Forest RoadLaurelMaryland20708USA
| | - Tim Bowman
- Sea Duck Joint VentureU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service1011 East Tudor RoadAnchorageAlaska99503 USA
| | - Chris Dwyer
- Migratory Birds DivisionU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service300 Westgate Center DriveHadleyMassachusetts01035 USA
| | - Luke J. Fara
- U.S. Geological SurveyUpper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center2630 Fanta Reed RoadLa CrosseWisconsin54603USA
- Cooperative Wildlife Research LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologySouthern Illinois University251 Life Science II, Mail Code 6504CarbondaleIllinois62901 USA
| | | | - Kevin Kenow
- U.S. Geological SurveyUpper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center2630 Fanta Reed RoadLa CrosseWisconsin54603USA
| | - Christine Lepage
- Canadian Wildlife Service801‐1550 Ave D'EstimauvilleQuebec CityQuebecG1J 0C3Canada
| | - Mark L. Mallory
- Department of BiologyAcadia University15 University AvenueWolfvilleNova ScotiaB4N 3J2 Canada
| | - Glenn H. Olsen
- U.S. Geological Survey Patuxent Wildlife Research Center12100 Beech Forest RoadLaurelMaryland20708USA
| | - Matthew C. Perry
- U.S. Geological Survey Patuxent Wildlife Research Center12100 Beech Forest RoadLaurelMaryland20708USA
| | - Scott A. Petrie
- Delta Waterfowl1312 Basin AvenueBismarckNorth Dakota58504 USA
| | - Jean‐Pierre L. Savard
- Sciences and Technology, Environment Canada1141 Route de l’ÉgliseSainte‐FoyQuebecG1V 4H5Canada
| | - Lucas Savoy
- Biodiversity Research Institute276 Canco RoadPortlandMaine04103 USA
| | - Michael Schummer
- Department of Environmental and Forest BiologyState University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry1 Forestry DriveSyracuseNew York13210USA
| | - Caleb S. Spiegel
- Migratory Birds DivisionU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service300 Westgate Center DriveHadleyMassachusetts01035 USA
| | - Scott R. McWilliams
- Department of Natural Resources ScienceUniversity of Rhode IslandKingstonRhode Island02881USA
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29
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Lisovski S, Bauer S, Briedis M, Davidson SC, Dhanjal-Adams KL, Hallworth MT, Karagicheva J, Meier CM, Merkel B, Ouwehand J, Pedersen L, Rakhimberdiev E, Roberto-Charron A, Seavy NE, Sumner MD, Taylor CM, Wotherspoon SJ, Bridge ES. Light-level geolocator analyses: A user's guide. J Anim Ecol 2019; 89:221-236. [PMID: 31190329 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Light-level geolocator tags use ambient light recordings to estimate the whereabouts of an individual over the time it carried the device. Over the past decade, these tags have emerged as an important tool and have been used extensively for tracking animal migrations, most commonly small birds. Analysing geolocator data can be daunting to new and experienced scientists alike. Over the past decades, several methods with fundamental differences in the analytical approach have been developed to cope with the various caveats and the often complicated data. Here, we explain the concepts behind the analyses of geolocator data and provide a practical guide for the common steps encompassing most analyses - annotation of twilights, calibration, estimating and refining locations, and extraction of movement patterns - describing good practices and common pitfalls for each step. We discuss criteria for deciding whether or not geolocators can answer proposed research questions, provide guidance in choosing an appropriate analysis method and introduce key features of the newest open-source analysis tools. We provide advice for how to interpret and report results, highlighting parameters that should be reported in publications and included in data archiving. Finally, we introduce a comprehensive supplementary online manual that applies the concepts to several datasets, demonstrates the use of open-source analysis tools with step-by-step instructions and code and details our recommendations for interpreting, reporting and archiving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeon Lisovski
- Department of Bird Migration, Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Silke Bauer
- Department of Bird Migration, Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Martins Briedis
- Department of Bird Migration, Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Sarah C Davidson
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute for Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany.,Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Michael T Hallworth
- Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Julia Karagicheva
- Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, Texel, The Netherlands
| | - Christoph M Meier
- Department of Bird Migration, Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Merkel
- Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Janne Ouwehand
- Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lykke Pedersen
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eldar Rakhimberdiev
- Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Caz M Taylor
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Simon J Wotherspoon
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Eli S Bridge
- Oklahoma Biological Survey, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
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30
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Blyth M, Paine CE, Paine CT. The Decline in Nesting Success of Tachycineta bicolor (Tree Swallow) Over 38 Years on Hardwood Island, Maine. Northeast Nat (Steuben) 2019. [DOI: 10.1656/045.026.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Blyth
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | | | - C.E. Timothy Paine
- Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2350, Australia
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31
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Gossieaux P, Leclerc M, Van de Walle J, Poisson Y, Toni P, Landes J, Bourret A, Garant D, Pelletier F, Bélisle M. Offspring mass variation in tree swallows: A case of bet‐hedging? Ecosphere 2019; 10:e02607. [PMID: 35865407 PMCID: PMC9286465 DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of reproductive strategies is affected by the ability of organisms to deal with future environmental conditions. When environments are temporally unpredictable, however, it is difficult to anticipate optimal offspring phenotype. Diversification of offspring phenotypes, a strategy called diversified bet‐hedging, may allow parents to maximize their fitness by reducing between‐year variation in reproductive success. The link between diversification of offspring phenotypes and individual reproductive success, however, has rarely been documented empirically. We used an eight‐year dataset (1215 broods, 870 females) on individually marked tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) to assess whether intra‐brood mass variation was compatible with a diversified bet‐hedging strategy. Intra‐brood mass variation was weakly, but significantly repeatable within females, suggesting consistent individual differences. Greater intra‐brood mass variation, however, was not associated with reduced between‐year variation in reproductive success or increased female reproductive success. Moreover, contrary to diversified bet‐hedging expectations, fledging success of large broods was greater when hatchlings had similar rather than variable masses. Our results suggest that intra‐brood mass variation may not result from diversified bet‐hedging, but rather from complex interactions between environmental, brood, and maternal characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippine Gossieaux
- Département de Biologie Université de Sherbrooke 2500 Boulevard de l'Université Sherbrooke Quebec J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Martin Leclerc
- Département de Biologie Université de Sherbrooke 2500 Boulevard de l'Université Sherbrooke Quebec J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Joanie Van de Walle
- Département de Biologie Université de Sherbrooke 2500 Boulevard de l'Université Sherbrooke Quebec J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Yoanna Poisson
- Département de Biologie Université de Sherbrooke 2500 Boulevard de l'Université Sherbrooke Quebec J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Pauline Toni
- Département de Biologie Université de Sherbrooke 2500 Boulevard de l'Université Sherbrooke Quebec J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Julie Landes
- Département de Biologie Université de Sherbrooke 2500 Boulevard de l'Université Sherbrooke Quebec J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Audrey Bourret
- Département de Biologie Université de Sherbrooke 2500 Boulevard de l'Université Sherbrooke Quebec J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Dany Garant
- Département de Biologie Université de Sherbrooke 2500 Boulevard de l'Université Sherbrooke Quebec J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Fanie Pelletier
- Département de Biologie Université de Sherbrooke 2500 Boulevard de l'Université Sherbrooke Quebec J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Marc Bélisle
- Département de Biologie Université de Sherbrooke 2500 Boulevard de l'Université Sherbrooke Quebec J1K 2R1 Canada
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32
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Gow EA, Burke L, Winkler DW, Knight SM, Bradley DW, Clark RG, Bélisle M, Berzins LL, Blake T, Bridge ES, Dawson RD, Dunn PO, Garant D, Holroyd G, Horn AG, Hussell DJT, Lansdorp O, Laughlin AJ, Leonard ML, Pelletier F, Shutler D, Siefferman L, Taylor CM, Trefry H, Vleck CM, Vleck D, Whittingham LA, Norris DR. A range-wide domino effect and resetting of the annual cycle in a migratory songbird. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20181916. [PMID: 30963870 PMCID: PMC6367182 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.1916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Latitudinal differences in timing of breeding are well documented but how such differences carry over to influence timing of events in the annual cycle of migratory birds is not well understood. We examined geographical variation in timing of events throughout the year using light-level geolocator tracking data from 133 migratory tree swallows ( Tachycineta bicolor) originating from 12 North American breeding populations. A swallow's breeding latitude influenced timing of breeding, which then carried over to affect breeding ground departure. This resulted in subsequent effects on the arrival and departure schedules at autumn stopover locations and timing of arrival at non-breeding locations. This 'domino effect' between timing events was no longer apparent by the time individuals departed for spring migration. Our range-wide analysis demonstrates the lasting impact breeding latitude can have on migration schedules but also highlights how such timing relationships can reset when individuals reside at non-breeding sites for extended periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Gow
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CanadaN1G 2W1
| | - Lauren Burke
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaB3H 4R2
| | - David W. Winkler
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Vertebrates, Laboratory of Ornithology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Samantha M. Knight
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CanadaN1G 2W1
| | | | - Robert G. Clark
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CanadaS7N 0X4
| | - Marc Bélisle
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, CanadaJ1K 2R1
| | - Lisha L. Berzins
- Ecosystem Science and Management Program, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, CanadaV2N 4Z9
| | - Tricia Blake
- Alaska Songbird Institute, Fairbanks, AK 99708, USA
| | - Eli S. Bridge
- Oklahoma Biological Survey, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Russell D. Dawson
- Ecosystem Science and Management Program, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, CanadaV2N 4Z9
| | - Peter O. Dunn
- Behavioral and Molecular Ecology Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - Dany Garant
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, CanadaJ1K 2R1
| | - Geoff Holroyd
- Beaverhill Bird Observatory, Box 1418, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT5J 2N5
| | - Andrew G. Horn
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaB3H 4R2
| | | | - Olga Lansdorp
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, CanadaV5A 1S6
| | - Andrew J. Laughlin
- Department of Environmental Studies, UNC Asheville, Asheville, NC 28804, USA
| | - Marty L. Leonard
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaB3H 4R2
| | - Fanie Pelletier
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, CanadaJ1K 2R1
| | - Dave Shutler
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, CanadaB4P 2R6
| | - Lynn Siefferman
- Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA
| | - Caz M. Taylor
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Helen Trefry
- Beaverhill Bird Observatory, Box 1418, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT5J 2N5
| | - Carol M. Vleck
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020, USA
| | - David Vleck
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020, USA
| | - Linda A. Whittingham
- Behavioral and Molecular Ecology Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - D. Ryan Norris
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CanadaN1G 2W1
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33
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van Toor ML, Avril A, Wu G, Holan SH, Waldenström J. As the Duck Flies—Estimating the Dispersal of Low-Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses by Migrating Mallards. Front Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2018.00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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