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Kang L, Zhu M, Zhu G, Xu H, Zou W, Xiao M, Guo C, Zhang Y, Qin B. Decreasing denitrification rates poses a challenge to further decline of nitrogen concentration in Lake Taihu, China. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 256:121565. [PMID: 38581985 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) concentrations in many lakes have decreased substantially in recent years due to external load reduction to mitigate harmful algal blooms. However, little attention has been paid to the linkage between the lakes' nitrogen removal efficiency and improved water quality in lakes, especially the variation of denitrification rate (DNR) under decreasing N concentrations. To understand the efficiency of N removal under improving water quality and its influence on the N control targets in Lake Taihu, a denitrification model based on in situ experimental results was developed and long-term (from 2007 to 2022) water quality and meteorological observations were used to estimate DNR and relate it to the amount of N removal (ANR) from the lake. The concentration of total nitrogen (TN) in Lake Taihu decreased from 3.28 mg L-1 to 1.41 mg L-1 from 2007 to 2022 but the reduction showed spatial heterogeneity. The annual mean DNR decreased from 45.6 μmol m-2 h-1 to 4.2 μmol m-2 h-1, and ANR decreased from 11.85×103 t yr-1 to 1.17×103 t yr-1 during the study years. N budget analysis suggested that the amount of N removed by denitrification accounted for 23.3 % of the external load in 2007, but decreased to only 4.0 % in 2022. Thus, the contribution of N removal by internal N cycling decreased significantly as water quality improved. Notably, the proportion of ANR in winter to total ANR increased from 14 % in 2007 to 23 % in 2022 due to warming. This could potentially lead to N deficiencies in spring and summer, thus limiting the availability of N to phytoplankton. A TN concentration of less than 1.0 mg L-1 in the lake and 1.5 mg L-1 in the inflowing lake zones in spring contribute to local N-limitation in Lake Taihu for cyanobacteria control. Our study revealed a general pattern that N removal efficiency decreases with improved water quality, which is instructive for eutrophic lakes in nitrogen management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Mengyuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Guangwei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Hai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Wei Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Man Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Chaoxuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Yunlin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Boqiang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
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Jia Y, Hu X, Kang W, Dong X. Unveiling Microbial Nitrogen Metabolism in Rivers using a Machine Learning Approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:6605-6615. [PMID: 38566483 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Microbial nitrogen metabolism is a complicated and key process in mediating environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions in rivers. However, the interactive drivers of microbial nitrogen metabolism in rivers have not been identified. Here, we analyze the microbial nitrogen metabolism patterns in 105 rivers in China driven by 26 environmental and socioeconomic factors using an interpretable causal machine learning (ICML) framework. ICML better recognizes the complex relationships between factors and microbial nitrogen metabolism than traditional linear regression models. Furthermore, tipping points and concentration windows were proposed to precisely regulate microbial nitrogen metabolism. For example, concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) below tipping points of 6.2 and 4.2 mg/L easily reduce bacterial denitrification and nitrification, respectively. The concentration windows for NO3--N (15.9-18.0 mg/L) and DOC (9.1-10.8 mg/L) enabled the highest abundance of denitrifying bacteria on a national scale. The integration of ICML models and field data clarifies the important drivers of microbial nitrogen metabolism, supporting the precise regulation of nitrogen pollution and river ecological management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Jia
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiangang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Weilu Kang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Graeber D, McCarthy MJ, Shatwell T, Borchardt D, Jeppesen E, Søndergaard M, Lauridsen TL, Davidson TA. Consistent stoichiometric long-term relationships between nutrients and chlorophyll-a across shallow lakes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:809. [PMID: 38280872 PMCID: PMC10821860 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems are threatened by eutrophication from nutrient pollution. In lakes, eutrophication causes a plethora of deleterious effects, such as harmful algal blooms, fish kills and increased methane emissions. However, lake-specific responses to nutrient changes are highly variable, complicating eutrophication management. These lake-specific responses could result from short-term stochastic drivers overshadowing lake-independent, long-term relationships between phytoplankton and nutrients. Here, we show that strong stoichiometric long-term relationships exist between nutrients and chlorophyll a (Chla) for 5-year simple moving averages (SMA, median R² = 0.87) along a gradient of total nitrogen to total phosphorus (TN:TP) ratios. These stoichiometric relationships are consistent across 159 shallow lakes (defined as average depth < 6 m) from a cross-continental, open-access database. We calculate 5-year SMA residuals to assess short-term variability and find substantial short-term Chla variation which is weakly related to nutrient concentrations (median R² = 0.12). With shallow lakes representing 89% of the world's lakes, the identified stoichiometric long-term relationships can globally improve quantitative nutrient management in both lakes and their catchments through a nutrient-ratio-based strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Graeber
- Department Aquatic Ecosystem Analysis, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Mark J McCarthy
- Chair of Hydrobiology & Fisheries, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tom Shatwell
- Department Lake Research, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dietrich Borchardt
- Department Aquatic Ecosystem Analysis, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Department of Ecoscience, and WATEC, C.F. Møllers Allé 3, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Education and Research Centre, Beijing, China
- Limnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Mersin, Turkey
- Institute for Ecological and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Martin Søndergaard
- Department of Ecoscience, and WATEC, C.F. Møllers Allé 3, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Education and Research Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Torben L Lauridsen
- Department of Ecoscience, and WATEC, C.F. Møllers Allé 3, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Education and Research Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Thomas A Davidson
- Department of Ecoscience, and WATEC, C.F. Møllers Allé 3, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Begum MS, Park JH, Yang L, Shin KH, Hur J. Optical and molecular indices of dissolved organic matter for estimating biodegradability and resulting carbon dioxide production in inland waters: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 228:119362. [PMID: 36427460 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) constitutes the most labile fraction of dissolved organic matter (DOM), which also functions as a source of CO2 emissions from inland waters. However, no systematic review is available on DOM indicators of BDOC and CO2 production potential. Optical and molecular indices can be used to track small changes in DOM composition during biodegradation. In this review, we identified four different methods for measuring BDOC together with their strengths and limitations. In addition, we discuss the potential of using documented optical indices based on absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular indices based on Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry as proxies for estimating BDOC and biodegradation-induced CO2 production based on previously reported relationships in the literature. Many absorbance- and fluorescence-based indices showed inconsistent relationships with BDOC depending on watershed characteristics, hydrology, and anthropogenic impacts. Nevertheless, several indices, including specific UV absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA254), humification index (HIX), and terrestrial humic-like fluorescent DOM (FDOM) components, tended to have negative relationships with BDOC in tropical and temperate watersheds under baseflow or drought periods. Protein-like FDOM exhibited the strongest correlation with BDOC in different systems, except during storms and flood events. Despite the limited number of studies, DOM molecular indices exhibited consistent relationships with BDOC, suggesting that the relative abundance of aliphatic formulas and the molecular lability index could act as reliable proxies. The DOM optical indices explain up to 96% and 78% variability in BDOC and CO2, respectively; nonetheless, there were limited studies on molecular indices, which explain up to 74% variability in BDOC. Based on literature survey, we recommend several sensitive indices such as SUVA254, HIX, and terrestrial humic- and protein-like FDOM, which could be useful indicators of BDOC and dissolved CO2 in inland water. Future research should incorporate a wider range of geographic regions with various land use, hydrology, and anthropogenic disturbances to develop system- or condition-specific DOM optical or molecular proxies for better prediction of BDOC and CO2 emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Most Shirina Begum
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hyung Park
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Liyang Yang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kyung Hoon Shin
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi do 15588, South Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
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Kreiling RM, Bartsch LA, Perner PM, Hlavacek EJ, Christensen VG. Riparian Forest Cover Modulates Phosphorus Storage and Nitrogen Cycling in Agricultural Stream Sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 68:279-293. [PMID: 34105016 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-021-01484-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Watershed land cover affects in-stream water quality and sediment nutrient dynamics. The presence of natural land cover in the riparian zone can reduce the negative effects of agricultural land use on water quality; however, literature evaluating the effects of natural riparian land cover on stream sediment nutrient dynamics is scarce. The objective of this study was to assess if stream sediment phosphorus retention and nitrogen removal varies with riparian forest cover in agricultural watersheds. Stream sediment nutrient dynamics from 28 sites with mixed land cover were sampled three times during the growing season. Phosphorus dynamics and nitrification rates did not change considerably throughout the study period. Sediment total phosphorus concentrations and nitrification rates decreased as riparian forest cover increased likely due to a decline in fine, organic material. Denitrification rates were strongly correlated to surface water nitrate concentrations. Denitrification rate and denitrification enzyme activity decreased with an increase in forest cover during the first sampling period only. The first sampling period coincided with the greatest connectivity between the watershed and in-stream processing, indicating that riparian forest cover indirectly decreased denitrification rates by reducing the concentrations of dissolved nutrients entering the stream. This reduction in load may allow the sediment to maintain greater nitrogen removal efficiency, because bacteria are not saturated with nitrogen. Riparian forest cover also appeared to lessen the effect of agriculture in the watershed by decreasing the amount of fine material in the stream, resulting in reduced phosphorus storage in the stream sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Kreiling
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, WI, USA.
| | - L A Bartsch
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, WI, USA
| | - P M Perner
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, WI, USA
| | - E J Hlavacek
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, WI, USA
| | - V G Christensen
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, Moundsview, MN, USA
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Available Dissolved Organic Carbon Alters Uptake and Recycling of Phosphorus and Nitrogen from River Sediments. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12123321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Concurrent with nutrient pollution, agriculture has significantly impacted the quantity, composition, and bioavailability of catchment-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in stream ecosystems. Based on the stoichiometric theory, we tested the hypothesis that bioavailable DOC will stimulate the heterotrophic uptake of soluble reactive P (SRP) and inorganic nitrogen in stream sediments. In a simplified laboratory column flow-through study, we exposed stream sediments to additions of glucose, nitrate, and phosphate alone and in combination (+C, +NP, +CNP), and calculated gross and net changes in DOC and nutrients via a mass balance approach. Our results show that glucose-C increased nutrient uptake, but also that NP additions resulted in the enhanced consumption of both native and added organic C. The effects of C addition were stronger on N than P uptake, presumably because labile C stimulated both assimilation and denitrification, while part of the P uptake was due to adsorption. Internal cycling affected net nutrient uptake due to losses of dissolved organically-complexed P and N (DOP and DON). Overall, our study shows that increases in the stoichiometric availability of organic carbon can stimulate N and P sequestration in nutrient-polluted stream sediments. Future studies are required to assess the effects of complex organic carbon sources on nutrient uptake in stream sediments under different environmental conditions, and whether these stoichiometric relations are relevant for ecosystem management.
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Middleton JA, Grierson PF, Pettit NE, Kelly LN, Gwinn DC, Beesley LS. Multi-scale characterisation of stream nutrient and carbon dynamics in sandy near coastal catchments of south-western Australia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137373. [PMID: 32135293 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Managers tasked with repairing degraded stream ecosystems require restoration strategies that are tailored to local and regional characteristics. Emerging evidence suggests that local reach-scale approaches may be as effective, if not more so, than catchment-scale actions in highly permeable coastal landscapes, particularly if there is hydraulic connectivity to shallow groundwater and where recharge is strongly seasonal. This study assessed the relative influence of catchment-scale land use and reach-scale vegetation structure on the distribution of carbon and nutrient concentrations of streams within urban and agricultural catchments of the Perth region of south-western Australia. We used linear mixed-effects models to evaluate the extent to which phosphorus, nitrogen and carbon concentrations in different stream zones (streamwater, and fluvial and parafluvial sediments) were explained by catchment and reach-scale attributes and moderated by high versus low-flow periods, i.e., in wet versus dry months. We found that reach-scale vegetation (woody plant cover, annual plant cover) was a better predictor of nutrient concentrations than catchment-scale land use, particularly total imperviousness, a common measure of urbanisation. Flow was also important, with carbon and nutrient concentrations better described by reach- or catchment-scale attributes during the low flow period. The extent to which individual catchment and reach attributes influenced the distribution of nutrients in different stream zones was complex. However, our results suggest that planting woody vegetation can reduce nitrogen concentrations in surface water and fluvial sediments. Reducing the abundance of weedy annual species and restoring woody perennial species may further reduce phosphorus concentrations in surface water. We conclude that local riparian restoration can be a cost-effective strategy for managing excess nutrients and carbon in flat and permeable urban landscapes, particularly during low flow periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen A Middleton
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Water Sensitive Cities, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Ooid Scientific, White Gum Valley, WA 6162, Australia.
| | - Pauline F Grierson
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Neil E Pettit
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Liam N Kelly
- School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Daniel C Gwinn
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; Biometric Research, Fremantle, WA 6163, Australia
| | - Leah S Beesley
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Water Sensitive Cities, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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Soana E, Gavioli A, Vincenzi F, Fano EA, Castaldelli G. Nitrate availability affects denitrification in Phragmites australis sediments. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2020; 49:194-209. [PMID: 33016349 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding relationships between an increase in nitrate (NO3 - ) loading and the corresponding effects of wetland vegetation on denitrification is essential to designing, restoring, and managing wetlands and canals to maximize their effectiveness as buffers against eutrophication. Although Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. is frequently used to remediate nitrogen (N) pollution, no information is available on how NO3 - concentration may affect plant-mediated denitrification. In the present study, denitrification was measured in outdoor vegetated and unvegetated mesocosms incubated in both summer and winter. After spiking the mesocosms with NO3 - concentrations typical of agricultural drainage water (0.7-11.2 mg N L-1 ), denitrification was quantified by the simultaneous measurement of NO3 - consumption and dinitrogen gas (N2 ) production. Although denitrification rates varied with vegetation presence and season, NO3 - availability exerted a significant positive effect on the process. Vegetated sediments were more efficient than bare sediments in adapting their mitigation potential to an increase in NO3 - , by yielding a one-order-of-magnitude increase in NO3 - removal rates, under both summer (743-6007 mg N m-2 d-1 ) and winter (43-302 mg N m-2 d-1 ) conditions along the NO3 - gradient. Denitrification was the dominant sink for water NO3 - in winter and only for vegetated sediments in summer. Nitrification likely contributed to fuel denitrification in summer unvegetated sediments. Since denitrification rates followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics, P. australis-mediated depuration may be considered optimal up to 5.0 mg N L-1 . The present outcomes provide experimentally supported evidence that restoration with P. australis can work as a cost-effective means of improving water quality in agricultural watersheds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Soana
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46-44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Gavioli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46-44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Vincenzi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46-44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisa Anna Fano
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46-44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castaldelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46-44121, Ferrara, Italy
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Matsuzaki SS, Kohzu A, Kadoya T, Watanabe M, Osawa T, Fukaya K, Komatsu K, Kondo N, Yamaguchi H, Ando H, Shimotori K, Nakagawa M, Kizuka T, Yoshioka A, Sasai T, Saigusa N, Matsushita B, Takamura N. Role of wetlands in mitigating the trade‐off between crop production and water quality in agricultural landscapes. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shin‐ichiro S. Matsuzaki
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies National Institute for Environmental Studies 16‐2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8506 Japan
- Center for Limnology University of Wisconsin‐Madison 680 North Park Street Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - Ayato Kohzu
- Center for Regional Environmental Research National Institute for Environmental Studies 16‐2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8506 Japan
| | - Taku Kadoya
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies National Institute for Environmental Studies 16‐2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8506 Japan
| | - Mirai Watanabe
- Center for Regional Environmental Research National Institute for Environmental Studies 16‐2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8506 Japan
| | - Takeshi Osawa
- Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences Tokyo Metropolitan University Minami‐Osawa 1‐1 Hachiouji Tokyo 192‐0397 Japan
| | - Keiichi Fukaya
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies National Institute for Environmental Studies 16‐2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8506 Japan
- The Institute of Statistical Mathematics 10‐3 Midori‐cho Tachikawa Tokyo 190‐8562 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Komatsu
- Center for Regional Environmental Research National Institute for Environmental Studies 16‐2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8506 Japan
| | - Natsuko Kondo
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies National Institute for Environmental Studies 16‐2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8506 Japan
| | - Haruyo Yamaguchi
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies National Institute for Environmental Studies 16‐2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8506 Japan
| | - Haruko Ando
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies National Institute for Environmental Studies 16‐2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8506 Japan
| | - Koichi Shimotori
- Lake Biwa Branch Office National Institute for Environmental Studies 5‐34 Yanagasaki Ohtsu Shiga 520‐0022 Japan
| | - Megumi Nakagawa
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies National Institute for Environmental Studies 16‐2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8506 Japan
| | - Toshikazu Kizuka
- Institute of Environmental Sciences Hokkaido Research Organization Kita19‐jo Nishi 12‐chome, Kita‐ku Sapporo Hokkaido 060‐0819 Japan
| | - Akira Yoshioka
- Fukushima Branch National Institute for Environmental Studies 10‐2 Fukuasaku, Miharu Tamura Fukushima 963‐7700 Japan
| | - Takahiro Sasai
- Department of Geophysics Graduate School of Science Tohoku University 6‐3 Aramaki Aza‐Aoba, Aoba‐ku Sendai 980‐8578 Japan
| | - Nobuko Saigusa
- Center for Global Environmental Research National Institute for Environmental Studies 16‐2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8506 Japan
| | - Bunkei Matsushita
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba Tennoudai 1‐1‐1 Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8572 Japan
| | - Noriko Takamura
- Lake Biwa Branch Office National Institute for Environmental Studies 5‐34 Yanagasaki Ohtsu Shiga 520‐0022 Japan
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Golden HE, Rajib A, Lane CR, Christensen JR, Wu Q, Mengistu S. Non-floodplain Wetlands Affect Watershed Nutrient Dynamics: A Critical Review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:7203-7214. [PMID: 31244063 PMCID: PMC9096804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b07270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Wetlands have the capacity to retain nitrogen and phosphorus and are thereby often considered a viable option for improving water quality at local scales. However, little is known about the cumulative influence of wetlands outside of floodplains, i.e., non-floodplain wetlands (NFWs), on surface water quality at watershed scales. Such evidence is important to meet global, national, regional, and local water quality goals effectively and comprehensively. In this critical review, we synthesize the state of the science about the watershed-scale effects of NFWs on nutrient-based (nitrogen, phosphorus) water quality. We further highlight where knowledge is limited in this research area and the challenges of garnering this information. On the basis of previous wetland literature, we develop emerging concepts that assist in advancing the science linking NFWs to watershed-scale nutrient conditions. Finally, we ask, "Where do we go from here?" We address this question using a 2-fold approach. First, we demonstrate, via example model simulations, how explicitly considering NFWs in watershed nutrient modeling changes predicted nutrient yields to receiving waters-and how this may potentially affect future water quality management decisions. Second, we outline research recommendations that will improve our scientific understanding of how NFWs affect downstream water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather E Golden
- National Exposure Research Laboratory , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Office of Research and Development, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive , Cincinnati , Ohio 45268 , United States
| | - Adnan Rajib
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education , c/o Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive , Cincinnati , Ohio 45268 , United States
| | - Charles R Lane
- National Exposure Research Laboratory , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Office of Research and Development, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive , Cincinnati , Ohio 45268 , United States
| | - Jay R Christensen
- National Exposure Research Laboratory , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Office of Research and Development, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive , Cincinnati , Ohio 45268 , United States
| | - Qiusheng Wu
- Department of Geography , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee 37996 , United States
| | - Samson Mengistu
- National Research Council , National Academy of Sciences, c/o Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive , Cincinnati , Ohio 45268 , United States
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11
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Tomasek AA, Hondzo M, Kozarek JL, Staley C, Wang P, Lurndahl N, Sadowsky MJ. Intermittent flooding of organic‐rich soil promotes the formation of denitrification hot moments and hot spots. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abigail A. Tomasek
- St. Anthony Falls Laboratory University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo‐Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Miki Hondzo
- St. Anthony Falls Laboratory University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo‐Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Jessica L. Kozarek
- St. Anthony Falls Laboratory University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Christopher Staley
- BioTechnology Institute University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
| | - Ping Wang
- BioTechnology Institute University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
| | - Nicole Lurndahl
- Water Resources Science University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
| | - Michael J. Sadowsky
- BioTechnology Institute University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
- Water Resources Science University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
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Atekwana EA, Geyer CJ. Spatial and temporal variations in the geochemistry of shallow groundwater contaminated with nitrate at a residential site. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:27155-27172. [PMID: 30022393 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2714-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of nitrate (NO3-), major ions, and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and the stable carbon isotopes of DIC (δ13CDIC) in shallow groundwater below a 45 × 60 m residential property was investigated over a period of 38 months. Our aim was to identify the processes which control the spatial and temporal distribution of NO3- in the shallow groundwater and assess water-rock interactions linked to denitrification. Groundwater sampled quarterly from eight locations showed an average NO3- concentration of 36.8 mg/L and a range between 0.1 and 214.9 mg/L compared to the US EPA maximum contaminant level of 10 mg/L. Heterogeneity in nitrate distribution was from residential application of N-based fertilizers offsite and from onsite application on flower beds and for lawn care. The temporal behavior of nitrate at all eight groundwater locations was markedly different and independent of seasonal hydrologic variations. Nitrate attenuation was spatially controlled by heterogeneous denitrification and rain dilution near roof drains. Groundwater locations with active denitrification were characterized by higher DIC concentrations and lower δ13CDIC from organic carbon mineralization and by higher ionic concentrations from weathering of aquifer minerals. The variation in the relative standard deviations (RSD) of the measured parameters over space (RSD-s) and time (RSD-t) was highest for NO3- associated with variable spatiotemporal input and lowest for pH, pCO2, and δ13CDIC indirectly controlled by denitrification. Denitrification induced mineral weathering products such as DIC, Ca2+, Mg2+, and HCO3- showed medium to high RSD-s and RSD-t. The RSD-s and RSD-t were positively correlated (R2 = 0.85) with the RSD-s showing approximately twofold higher magnitude than RSD-t due to greater variability between monitoring wells locations than variability at each groundwater location over time. Nitrate contamination and denitrification represent important long-term driver of aquifer weathering and changes in groundwater geochemistry below residential communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliot A Atekwana
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Delaware, 101 Penny Hall, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
| | - Christopher J Geyer
- Boone Pickens School of Geology, Oklahoma State University, 105 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
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Stutter MI, Graeber D, Evans CD, Wade AJ, Withers PJA. Balancing macronutrient stoichiometry to alleviate eutrophication. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 634:439-447. [PMID: 29631134 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Reactive nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) inputs to surface waters modify aquatic environments, affect public health and recreation. Source controls dominate eutrophication management, whilst biological regulation of nutrients is largely neglected, although aquatic microbial organisms have huge potential to process nutrients. The stoichiometric ratio of organic carbon (OC) to N to P atoms should modulate heterotrophic pathways of aquatic nutrient processing, as high OC availability favours aquatic microbial processing. Heterotrophic microbial processing removes N by denitrification and captures N and P as organically-complexed, less eutrophying forms. With a global data synthesis, we show that the atomic ratios of bioavailable dissolved OC to either N or P in rivers with urban and agricultural land use are often distant from a "microbial optimum". This OC-deficiency relative to high availabilities of N and P likely overwhelms within-river heterotrophic processing. We propose that the capability of streams and rivers to retain N and P may be improved by active stoichiometric rebalancing. Although autotrophic OC production contributes to heterotrophic rates substantial control on nutrient processing from allochthonous OC is documented for N and an emerging field for P. Hence, rebalancing should be done by reconnecting appropriate OC sources such as wetlands and riparian forests that have become disconnected from rivers concurrent with agriculture and urbanisation. However, key knowledge gaps require research prior to the safe implementation of this approach in management: (i) to evaluate system responses to catchment inputs of dissolved OC forms and amounts relative to internal production of autotrophic dissolved OC and aquatic and terrestrial particulate OC and (ii) evaluate risk factors in anoxia-mediated P desorption with elevated OC scenarios. Still, we find stoichiometric rebalancing through reconnecting landscape beneficial OC sources has considerable potential for river management to alleviate eutrophication, improve water quality and aquatic ecosystem health, if augmenting nutrient source control.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Stutter
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, UK.
| | - D Graeber
- Aquatic Ecosystem Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - C D Evans
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK
| | - A J Wade
- Dept. of Archaeology, Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AB, UK
| | - P J A Withers
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
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O'Brien JM, Warburton HJ, Graham SE, Franklin HM, Febria CM, Hogsden KL, Harding JS, McIntosh AR. Leaf litter additions enhance stream metabolism, denitrification, and restoration prospects for agricultural catchments. Ecosphere 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M. O'Brien
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Canterbury; Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
| | - Helen J. Warburton
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Canterbury; Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
| | - S. Elizabeth Graham
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Canterbury; Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
| | - Hannah M. Franklin
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Canterbury; Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
| | - Catherine M. Febria
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Canterbury; Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
| | - Kristy L. Hogsden
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Canterbury; Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
| | - Jon S. Harding
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Canterbury; Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
| | - Angus R. McIntosh
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Canterbury; Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
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