1
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Medo A, Ohte N, Doi H, Kamdee K, Koba K, Arai N, Mitsunaga Y, Kume M, Kojima D, Nose T, Yokoyama A, Viputhanumas T, Mitamura H. Trophic niche partitioning and intraspecific variation in food resource use in the genus Pangasianodon in a reservoir revealed by stable isotope analysis of multiple tissues. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38880940 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism by which non-native fish species integrate into native communities is crucial for evaluating the possibility of their establishment success. The genus Pangasianodon, comprising Pangasianodon gigas and Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, has been introduced into reservoirs, which are non-native habitats, for fishery stock enhancement. P. gigas and P. hypophthalmus often successfully establish and co-occur in several Thai reservoirs, but there is little information on differences in food resource use between the two species. To investigate the trophic niche width of P. gigas and P. hypophthalmus in a Thai reservoir, we conducted stable carbon and nitrogen ratio (δ13C and δ15N) analyses. We examined the degree of individual specialization in both species using the δ13C and δ15N values of muscle and liver tissues, which provides long- and short-term diet information. The isotopic niches did not overlap between P. gigas and P. hypophthalmus. The δ15N value of P. gigas was significantly higher than that of P. hypophthalmus, whereas the δ13C value did not significantly differ between the two species. The isotopic niche sizes were larger in P. hypophthalmus than in P. gigas. Individual specialization was observed in P. hypophthalmus but not in P. gigas, indicating that intraspecific variation in food resource use was larger in P. hypophthalmus compared to P. gigas. These findings suggest that trophic niche partitioning was one of the factors facilitating the establishment success of P. gigas and P. hypophthalmus in a reservoir, but the establishment process may differ between the two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayano Medo
- Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Japan
| | - Nobuhito Ohte
- Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Doi
- Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Keisuke Koba
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Arai
- Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Manabu Kume
- Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daichi Kojima
- Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Nose
- Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ayako Yokoyama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Thavee Viputhanumas
- Inland Aquaculture Research and Development Division, Department of Fisheries, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hiromichi Mitamura
- Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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2
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Kristjánsson BK, Combot D, Reilent A, Phillips JS, Leblanc CA. Invertebrate diversity in groundwater-filled lava caves is influenced by both neutral- and niche-based processes. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11560. [PMID: 38932944 PMCID: PMC11199188 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding which factors shape and maintain biodiversity is essential to understand how ecosystems respond to crises. Biodiversity observed in ecological communities is a result of the interaction of various factors which can be classified as either neutral- or niche-based. The importance of these processes has been debated, but many scientists believe that both processes are important. Here, we use unique ecosystems in groundwater-filled lava caves near Lake Mývatn, to examine the importance of neutral- versus niche-based factors for shaping invertebrate communities. We studied diversity in benthic and epibenthic invertebrate communities and related them to ecological variables. We hypothesized that if neutral processes are the main drivers of community structure we would not see any clear relationship between the structure of community within caves and ecological factors. If niche-based processes are important we should see clear relationships between community structure and variation in ecological variables across caves. Both communities were species poor, with low densities of invertebrates, showing the resource limited and oligotrophic nature of these systems. Unusually for Icelandic freshwater ecosystems, the benthic communities were not dominated by Chironomidae (Diptera) larvae, but rather by crustaceans, mainly Cladocera. The epibenthic communities were not shaped by environmental variables, suggesting that they may have been structured primarily by neutral processes. The benthic communities were shaped by the availability of energy, and to some extent pH, suggesting that niche-based processes were important drivers of community structure, although neutral processes may still be relevant. The results suggest that both processes are important for invertebrate communities in freshwater, and research should focus on understanding both of these processes. The ponds we studied are representative of a number of freshwater ecosystems that are extremely vulnerable for human disturbance, making it even more important to understand how their biodiversity is shaped and maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Doriane Combot
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish BiologyHólar UniversitySauðárkrókurIceland
| | - Anett Reilent
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish BiologyHólar UniversitySauðárkrókurIceland
| | - Joseph S. Phillips
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish BiologyHólar UniversitySauðárkrókurIceland
- Department of BiologyCreighton UniversityOmahaNebraskaUSA
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3
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Sporta Caputi S, Kabala JP, Rossi L, Careddu G, Calizza E, Ventura M, Costantini ML. Individual diet variability shapes the architecture of Antarctic benthic food webs. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12333. [PMID: 38811641 PMCID: PMC11137039 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62644-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Antarctic biodiversity is affected by seasonal sea-ice dynamics driving basal resource availability. To (1) determine the role of intraspecific dietary variability in structuring benthic food webs sustaining Antarctic biodiversity, and (2) understand how food webs and the position of topologically central species vary with sea-ice cover, single benthic individuals' diets were studied by isotopic analysis before sea-ice breakup and afterwards. Isotopic trophospecies (or Isotopic Trophic Units) were investigated and food webs reconstructed using Bayesian Mixing Models. As nodes, these webs used either ITUs regardless of their taxonomic membership (ITU-webs) or ITUs assigned to species (population-webs). Both were compared to taxonomic-webs based on taxa and their mean isotopic values. Higher resource availability after sea-ice breakup led to simpler community structure, with lower connectance and linkage density. Intra-population diet variability and compartmentalisation were crucial in determining community structure, showing population-webs to be more complex, stable and robust to biodiversity loss than taxonomic-webs. The core web, representing the minimal community 'skeleton' that expands opportunistically while maintaining web stability with changing resource availability, was also identified. Central nodes included the sea-urchin Sterechinus neumayeri and the bivalve Adamussium colbecki, whose diet is described in unprecedented detail. The core web, compartmentalisation and topologically central nodes represent crucial factors underlying Antarctica's rich benthic food web persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Sporta Caputi
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Dei Sardi 70, 00185, Rome, Italy
- CoNISMa, National Inter-University Consortium for Marine Sciences, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196, Rome, Italy
| | - Jerzy Piotr Kabala
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Dei Sardi 70, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Loreto Rossi
- CoNISMa, National Inter-University Consortium for Marine Sciences, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulio Careddu
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Dei Sardi 70, 00185, Rome, Italy
- CoNISMa, National Inter-University Consortium for Marine Sciences, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196, Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Calizza
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Dei Sardi 70, 00185, Rome, Italy
- CoNISMa, National Inter-University Consortium for Marine Sciences, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Ventura
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Dei Sardi 70, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Costantini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Dei Sardi 70, 00185, Rome, Italy
- CoNISMa, National Inter-University Consortium for Marine Sciences, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196, Rome, Italy
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4
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Costa-Pereira R, Shaner PJL. The spatiotemporal context of individual specialization in resource use and environmental associations. J Anim Ecol 2024. [PMID: 38706400 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.14090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
1. Individual niche specialization is widespread in natural populations and has key implications for higher levels of biological organization. This phenomenon, however, has been primarily quantified in resource niche axes, overlooking individual variation in environmental associations (i.e. abiotic conditions organisms experience). 2. Here, we explore what we can learn from a multidimensional perspective of individual niche specialization that integrates resource use and environmental associations into a common framework. 3. By combining predictions from theory and simple simulations, we illustrate how (i) multidimensional intraspecific niche variation and (ii) the spatiotemporal context of interactions between conspecifics scale up to shape emergent patterns of the population niche. 4. Contemplating individual specialization as a multidimensional, unifying concept across biotic and abiotic niche axes is a fundamental step towards bringing this concept closer to the n-dimensional niche envisioned by Hutchinson.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Costa-Pereira
- Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Pei-Jen Lee Shaner
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
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5
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de Azevedo CS, Cipreste CF, Pizzutto CS, Young RJ. Review of the Effects of Enclosure Complexity and Design on the Behaviour and Physiology of Zoo Animals. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081277. [PMID: 37106840 PMCID: PMC10135285 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The complexity of the habitat refers to its physical geometry, which includes abiotic and biotic elements. Habitat complexity is important because it allows more species to coexist and, consequently, more interactions to be established among them. The complexity of the habitat links the physical structure of the enclosure to the biological interactions, which occur within its limits. Enclosure complexity should vary temporally, to be able to influence the animals in different ways, depending on the period of the day and season and throughout the year. In the present paper, we discuss how habitat complexity is important, and how it can positively influence the physical and mental states of zoo animals. We show how habitat complexity can ultimately affect educational projects. Finally, we discuss how we can add complexity to enclosures and, thus, make the lives of animals more interesting and functional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Schetini de Azevedo
- Departamento de Biodiversidade, Evolução e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, s/n Bauxita, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Schilbach Pizzutto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Cidade Universitária Armando Salles de Oliveira, São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Robert John Young
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford Manchester, Peel Building-Room G51, Salford M5 4WT, UK
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6
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Rubin IN, Ispolatov Y, Doebeli M. Maximal ecological diversity exceeds evolutionary diversity in model ecosystems. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:384-397. [PMID: 36737422 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding community saturation is fundamental to ecological theory. While investigations of the diversity of evolutionary stable states (ESSs) are widespread, the diversity of communities that have yet to reach an evolutionary endpoint is poorly understood. We use Lotka-Volterra dynamics and trait-based competition to compare the diversity of randomly assembled communities to the diversity of the ESS. We show that, with a large enough founding diversity (whether assembled at once or through sequential invasions), the number of long-time surviving species exceeds that of the ESS. However, the excessive founding diversity required to assemble a saturated community increases rapidly with the dimension of phenotype space. Additionally, traits present in communities resulting from random assembly are more clustered in phenotype space compared to random, although still markedly less ordered than the ESS. By combining theories of random assembly and ESSs we bring a new viewpoint to both the saturation and random assembly literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilan N Rubin
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yaroslav Ispolatov
- University of Santiago of Chile (USACH), Physics Department, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michael Doebeli
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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7
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Grainger R, Raoult V, Peddemors VM, Machovsky-Capuska GE, Gaston TF, Raubenheimer D. Integrating isotopic and nutritional niches reveals multiple dimensions of individual diet specialisation in a marine apex predator. J Anim Ecol 2023; 92:514-534. [PMID: 36421071 PMCID: PMC10107186 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Dietary specialisations are important determinants of ecological structure, particularly in species with high per-capita trophic influence like marine apex predators. These species are, however, among the most challenging in which to establish spatiotemporally integrated diets. We introduce a novel integration of stable isotopes with a multidimensional nutritional niche framework that addresses the challenges of establishing spatiotemporally integrated nutritional niches in wild populations, and apply the framework to explore individual diet specialisation in a marine apex predator, the white shark Carcharodon carcharias. Sequential tooth files were sampled from juvenile white sharks to establish individual isotopic (δ-space; δ13 C, δ15 N, δ34 S) niche specialisation. Bayesian mixing models were then used to reveal individual-level prey (p-space) specialisation, and further combined with nutritional geometry models to quantify the nutritional (N-space) dimensions of individual specialisation, and their relationships to prey use. Isotopic and mixing model analyses indicated juvenile white sharks as individual specialists within a broader, generalist, population niche. Individual sharks differed in their consumption of several important mesopredator species, which suggested among-individual variance in trophic roles in either pelagic or benthic food webs. However, variation in nutrient intakes was small and not consistently correlated with differences in prey use, suggesting white sharks as nutritional specialists and that individuals could use functionally and nutritionally different prey as complementary means to achieve a common nutritional goal. We identify how degrees of individual specialisation can differ between niche spaces (δ-, p- or N-space), the physiological and ecological implications of this, and argue that integrating nutrition can provide stronger, mechanistic links between diet specialisation and its intrinsic (fitness/performance) and extrinsic (ecological) outcomes. Our time-integrated framework is adaptable for examining the nutritional consequences and drivers of food use variation at the individual, population or species level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Grainger
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vincent Raoult
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Victor M Peddemors
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Fisheries, Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gabriel E Machovsky-Capuska
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Nutri Lens, East Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Troy F Gaston
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Raubenheimer
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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8
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Trappes R. Individual differences, uniqueness, and individuality in behavioural ecology. STUDIES IN HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE 2022; 96:18-26. [PMID: 36150283 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper I develop a concept of behavioural ecological individuality. Using findings from a case study which employed qualitative methods, I argue that individuality in behavioural ecology should be defined as phenotypic and ecological uniqueness, a concept that is operationalised in terms of individual differences such as animal personality and individual specialisation. This account make sense of how the term "individuality" is used in relation to intrapopulation variation in behavioural ecology. The concept of behavioural ecological individuality can sometimes be used to identify individuals. It also shapes research agendas and methodological choices in behavioural ecology, leading researchers to account for individuals as sources of variation. Overall, this paper draws attention to a field that has been largely overlooked in philosophical discussions of biological individuality and highlights the importance of individual differences and uniqueness for individuality in behavioural ecology.
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9
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Bussmann K, Hirsch PE, Lehmann MF, Burkhardt‐Holm P. Differential habitat use of a notorious invasive fish, the round goby, in a translocation‐relevant system. Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bussmann
- Department Environmental Sciences, Program Man‐Society‐Environment University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Philipp Emanuel Hirsch
- Department Environmental Sciences, Program Man‐Society‐Environment University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Moritz F. Lehmann
- Department Environmental Sciences, Aquatic and Isotope Biogeochemistry University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Patricia Burkhardt‐Holm
- Department Environmental Sciences, Program Man‐Society‐Environment University of Basel Basel Switzerland
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10
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Ingram T, Giery ST, Losos JB. Hierarchical partitioning of multiple niche dimensions among ecomorphs, species and sexes in Puerto Rican anoles. J Zool (1987) 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.13004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Ingram
- Department of Zoology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - S. T. Giery
- Department of Biology The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - J. B. Losos
- Department of Biology and Living Earth Collaborative Washington University St. Louis Missouri USA
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11
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Franco‐Trecu V, Botta S, de Lima RC, Negrete J, Naya DE. Testing the niche variation hypothesis in pinnipeds. Mamm Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/mam.12297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Franco‐Trecu
- Departamento de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de la República Igua 4225 11400 Montevideo Uruguay
| | - Silvina Botta
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação da Megafauna Marinha – EcoMega, Instituto de Oceanografia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG Avenida Italia km8 s/n Rio Grande RS 96203900 Brazil
| | - Renan C. de Lima
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação da Megafauna Marinha – EcoMega, Instituto de Oceanografia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG Avenida Italia km8 s/n Rio Grande RS 96203900 Brazil
| | - Javier Negrete
- Departamento de Biología de Predadores Tope Instituto Antártico Argentino Av. 25 de Mayo 1143(B1650HMK) San Martin Buenos Aires Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de La Plata Av. 122 y 60 S/N (1900) La Plata Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Daniel E. Naya
- Departamento de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de la República Igua 4225 11400 Montevideo Uruguay
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12
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Baker HK, Bruggeman CEF, Shurin JB. Population niche width is driven by within-individual niche expansion and individual specialization in introduced brook trout in mountain lakes. Oecologia 2022; 200:1-10. [PMID: 35661919 PMCID: PMC9547792 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05201-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The width of a population's resource-use niche is determined by individual diet breadth ("within-individual component") and the degree of niche partitioning between individuals ("between-individual component"). The balance between these two factors affects ecological stability and evolutionary trajectories, and may shift as ecological opportunity permits broader population niches. Lakes in California's Sierra Nevada Mountains vary in resource diversity for introduced brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) due to elevation, lake morphometry, and watershed features. We compared the relative contributions of within- and between-individual niche components to two measures of the dietary niches of thirteen populations of brook trout: prey taxonomic composition and prey size distribution. For both taxonomic and size diversity of fish diets, population niche width was positively related to both the within- and between-individual components. For taxonomic diversity, the two components increased in parallel, while for size diversity, the between-individual component became more important relative to the within-individual component in populations with the greatest niche widths. Our results support the Niche Variation Hypothesis that populations with broader niches are more heterogeneous among individuals and show that individual niche width and individual specialization can operate in parallel to expand the population niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Baker
- Department of Ecology, Behavior, and Evolution, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - C E F Bruggeman
- Department of Ecology, Behavior, and Evolution, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - J B Shurin
- Department of Ecology, Behavior, and Evolution, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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13
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Gaiarsa MP, Rehan S, Barbour MA, McFrederick QS. Individual dietary specialization in a generalist bee varies across populations but has no effect on the richness of associated microbial communities. Am Nat 2022; 200:730-737. [DOI: 10.1086/721023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Costa-Pereira R, Moll RJ, Jesmer BR, Jetz W. Animal tracking moves community ecology: Opportunities and challenges. J Anim Ecol 2022; 91:1334-1344. [PMID: 35388473 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
1. Individual decisions regarding how, why, and when organisms interact with one another and with their environment scale up to shape patterns and processes in communities. Recent evidence has firmly established the prevalence of intraspecific variation in nature and its relevance in community ecology, yet challenges associated with collecting data on large numbers of individual conspecifics and heterospecifics has hampered integration of individual variation into community ecology. 2. Nevertheless, recent technological and statistical advances in GPS-tracking, remote sensing, and behavioral ecology offer a toolbox for integrating intraspecific variation into community processes. More than simply describing where organisms go, movement data provide unique information about interactions and environmental associations from which a true individual-to-community framework can be built. 3. By linking the movement paths of both conspecifics and heterospecifics with environmental data, ecologists can now simultaneously quantify intra- and interspecific variation regarding the Eltonian (biotic interactions) and Grinnellian (environmental conditions) factors underpinning community assemblage and dynamics, yet substantial logistical and analytical challenges must be addressed for these approaches to realize their full potential. 4. Across communities, empirical integration of Eltonian and Grinnellian factors can support conservation applications and reveal metacommunity dynamics via tracking-based dispersal data. As the logistical and analytical challenges associated with multi-species tracking are surmounted, we envision a future where individual movements and their ecological and environmental signatures will bring resolution to many enduring issues in community ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Costa-Pereira
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil
| | - Remington J Moll
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, 56 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - Brett R Jesmer
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 165 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, 165 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Walter Jetz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 165 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, 165 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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15
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White NJ, Beckerman AP, Snook RR, Brockhurst MA, Butlin RK, Eyres I. Experimental evolution of local adaptation under unidimensional and multidimensional selection. Curr Biol 2022; 32:1310-1318.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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16
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Araujo G, Moura RR. Individual specialization and generalization in predator-prey dynamics: The determinant role of predation efficiency and prey reproductive rates. J Theor Biol 2022; 537:111026. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Timmerman CA, Giraldo C, Cresson P, Ernande B, Travers-Trolet M, Rouquette M, Denamiel M, Lefebvre S. Plasticity of trophic interactions in fish assemblages results in temporal stability of benthic-pelagic couplings. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 170:105412. [PMID: 34273864 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study addresses the temporal variability of couplings between pelagic and benthic habitats for fish assemblages at five periods in a shallow epicontinental sea, the Eastern English Channel (EEC). Organic matter fluxes fueling fish assemblages and the relative contribution of their different sources were assessed using stable isotope analysis and associated isotopic functional metrics. Couplings between benthic and pelagic realms appeared to be a permanent feature in the EEC, potentially favored by shallow depth and driven by the combination of two trophic processes. First, trophic interactions exhibited plasticity and revealed resource partitioning. Second, changes in the composition of fish assemblages did not impact benthic-pelagic couplings, as most dominant species were generalists during at least one time period, allowing complete use of available resources. Examining both unweighted and biomass-weighted indices was complementary and permitted a better understanding of trophic interactions and energy fluxes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolina Giraldo
- Ifremer, HMMN, Centre Manche - Mer du Nord, BP 669, F-62 321, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Pierre Cresson
- Ifremer, HMMN, Centre Manche - Mer du Nord, BP 669, F-62 321, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France.
| | - Bruno Ernande
- MARBEC, Univ. Montpellier, IFREMER, CNRS, IRD, F-34 090, Montpellier, France; IIASA, Evolution and Ecology Program, Schloßplatz 1, A-2361, Laxenburg, Austria
| | | | - Manuel Rouquette
- Ifremer, LERBN, Station Ifremer de Dinard, BP 70134, F-35 801, Dinard, France
| | - Margaux Denamiel
- Ifremer, HMMN, Centre Manche - Mer du Nord, BP 669, F-62 321, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Sébastien Lefebvre
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, station marine de Wimereux, F-59000, Lille, France
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18
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Carlson BS, Rotics S, Nathan R, Wikelski M, Jetz W. Individual environmental niches in mobile organisms. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4572. [PMID: 34315894 PMCID: PMC8316569 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24826-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Individual variation is increasingly recognized as a central component of ecological processes, but its role in structuring environmental niche associations remains largely unknown. Species' responses to environmental conditions are ultimately determined by the niches of single individuals, yet environmental associations are typically captured only at the level of species. Here, we develop scenarios for how individual variation may combine to define the compound environmental niche of populations, use extensive movement data to document individual environmental niche variation, test associated hypotheses of niche configuration, and examine the consistency of individual niches over time. For 45 individual white storks (Ciconia ciconia; 116 individual-year combinations), we uncover high variability in individual environmental associations, consistency of individual niches over time, and moderate to strong niche specialization. Within populations, environmental niches follow a nested pattern, with individuals arranged along a specialist-to-generalist gradient. These results reject common assumptions of individual niche equivalency among conspecifics, as well as the separation of individual niches into disparate parts of environmental space. These findings underscore the need for a more thorough consideration of individualistic environmental responses in global change research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben S Carlson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Shay Rotics
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ran Nathan
- Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Martin Wikelski
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Walter Jetz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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19
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Graco‐Roza C, Segura AM, Kruk C, Domingos P, Soininen J, Marinho MM. Clumpy coexistence in phytoplankton: the role of functional similarity in community assembly. OIKOS 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caio Graco‐Roza
- Laboratory of Phytoplankton of Ecology and Physiology, Dept of Plant Biology, Univ. of Rio de Janeiro State Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Univ. of Helsinki, Dept of Geosciences and Geography Helsinki Finland
| | - Angel M. Segura
- Modelización Estadística de Datos e Inteligencia Artificial (MEDIA) CURE-Rocha, Univ. de la República Uruguay
| | - Carla Kruk
- Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Univ. de la República Uruguay
| | - Patrícia Domingos
- Laboratory of Phytoplankton of Ecology and Physiology, Dept of Plant Biology, Univ. of Rio de Janeiro State Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Janne Soininen
- Univ. of Helsinki, Dept of Geosciences and Geography Helsinki Finland
| | - Marcelo Manzi Marinho
- Laboratory of Phytoplankton of Ecology and Physiology, Dept of Plant Biology, Univ. of Rio de Janeiro State Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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20
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Carrington VG, Papa Y, Beese CM, Hall J, Covain R, Horn P, Ladds MA, Rogers A. How functionally diverse are fish in the deep? A comparison of fish communities in deep and shallow‐water systems. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yvan Papa
- School of Biological Sciences Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand
| | - Chelsey M. Beese
- School of Biological Sciences Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand
| | - Jessica Hall
- School of Biological Sciences Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand
| | | | - Peter Horn
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Greta Point Wellington New Zealand
| | - Monique A. Ladds
- Marine Ecosystems Team Department of Conservation Wellington New Zealand
| | - Alice Rogers
- School of Biological Sciences Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand
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21
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Strickland K, Mann J, Foroughirad V, Levengood AL, Frère CH. Maternal effects and fitness consequences of individual variation in bottlenose dolphins' ecological niche. J Anim Ecol 2021; 90:1948-1960. [PMID: 33942312 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The niche describes the ecological and social environment that an organism lives in, as well as the behavioural tactics used to interact with its environment. A species niche is key to both ecological and evolutionary processes, including speciation, and has therefore been a central focus in ecology. Recent evidence, however, points to considerable individual variation in a species' or population's niche use, although how this variation evolves or is maintained remains unclear. We used a large longitudinal dataset to investigate the drivers and maintenance of individual variation in bottlenose dolphins' Tursiops aduncus niche. Specifically, we (a) characterised the extent of individual differences in habitat use, (b) identified whether there were maternal effects associated with this variation and (c) investigated the relationship between habitat use and calving success, a component of reproductive fitness. By examining patterns of habitat use, we provide evidence that individual dolphins vary consistently between one another in their niche. We further show that such individual variation is driven by a strong maternal effect. Finally, habitat use and calving success were not related, suggesting that use of different habitats results in similar fitness outcomes. Niche partitioning, maintained by maternal effects, likely facilitates the coexistence of multiple ecotypes within this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasha Strickland
- Global Change Ecology Research Group, University of Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia.,Department of Aquaculture and Fish Biology, Hólar University, Sauðárkrókur, Iceland
| | - Janet Mann
- Department of Biology and Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Vivienne Foroughirad
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.,Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Duke University Marine Laboratory, Beaufort, NC, USA
| | - Alexis L Levengood
- Global Change Ecology Research Group, University of Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia
| | - Céline H Frère
- Global Change Ecology Research Group, University of Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia
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22
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Service CN, Ingram T, Reimchen TE, Darimont CT. Intrapopulation foraging niche variation between phenotypes and genotypes of Spirit bear populations. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:5025-5037. [PMID: 34025989 PMCID: PMC8131816 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Foraging niche variation within a species can contribute to the maintenance of phenotypic diversity. The multiniche model posits that phenotypes occupying different niches can contribute to the maintenance of balanced polymorphisms. Using coastal populations of black bears (Ursus americanus kermodei) from British Columbia, Canada, we examined potential foraging niche divergence between phenotypes (black and white "Spirit" coat color) and between genotypes (black-coated homozygote and heterozygous). We applied the Bayesian multivariate models, with biotracers of diet (δ13C and δ15N) together comprising the response variable, to draw inference about foraging niche variation. Variance-covariance matrices from multivariate linear mixed-effect models were visualized as the Bayesian standard ellipses in δ13C and δ15N isotopic space to assess potential seasonal and annual niche variation between phenotypes and genotypes. We did not detect a difference in annual isotopic foraging niche area in comparisons between genotypes or phenotypes. Consistent with previous field experimental and isotopic analyses, however, we found that white phenotype Spirit bears were modestly more enriched in δ15N during the fall foraging season, though with our modest sample sizes these results were not significant. Although also not statistically significant, variation in isotopic niches between genotypes revealed that heterozygotes were moderately more enriched in δ13C along hair segments grown during fall foraging compared with black-coated homozygotes. To the extent to which the pattern of elevated δ15N and δ13C may signal the consumption of salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.), as well as the influence of salmon consumption on reproductive fitness, these results suggest that black-coated heterozygotes could have a minor selective advantage in the fall compared with black-coated homozygotes. More broadly, our multivariate approach, coupled with knowledge of genetic variation underlying a polymorphic trait, provides new insight into the potential role of a multiniche mechanism in maintaining this rare morph of conservation priority in Canada's Great Bear Rainforest and could offer new understanding into polymorphisms in other systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina N. Service
- Department of GeographyUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBCCanada
- Raincoast Conservation FoundationSidneyBCCanada
- Kitasoo Xai'xais Stewardship AuthorityKitasoo/Xai'xais First NationKlemtuBCCanada
| | - Travis Ingram
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | | | - Chris T. Darimont
- Department of GeographyUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBCCanada
- Raincoast Conservation FoundationSidneyBCCanada
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23
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Kerr NR, Ingram T. Personality does not predict individual niche variation in a freshwater fish. Behav Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araa117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Animal populations can exhibit considerable interindividual variation in both behavioral traits and niche use, but the potential connections between these characteristics are rarely compared for the same individuals. We aimed to test whether behavioral syndromes were predictive of individual diet or microhabitat in a native New Zealand freshwater fish, Gobiomorphus cotidianus. We carried out laboratory behavioral assays and repeated habitat and diet measurements in a seminatural mesocosm system. We found considerable repeatability in individual behavior, largely consistent with a proactive/reactive behavioral syndrome. We also found modest individual repeatability in microhabitat use and relatively strong individual specialization in diet. However, no measure of niche use in the mesocosms was significantly predicted by individual personality. Further studies of this type will be needed to assess whether links between individual behavior and resource use are more important in other species or ecological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky R Kerr
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Travis Ingram
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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24
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Neves MP, Costa‐Pereira R, Delariva RL, Fialho CB. Seasonality and interspecific competition shape individual niche variation in co‐occurring tetra fish in Neotropical streams. Biotropica 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Pereira Neves
- Pós‐Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de Ictiologia Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of London London UK
| | - Raul Costa‐Pereira
- Departamento de Biologia Animal Instituto de Biologia Universidade Estadual de Campinas – Unicamp Campinas Brazil
- Evolutionary Ecology (EE)Center for EcologyEvolution and Environmental Sciences (ce3c) Lisboa Portugal
| | - Rosilene Luciana Delariva
- Laboratório de Ictiologia Ecologia e Biomonitoramento Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Cascavel Brazil
| | - Clarice Bernhardt Fialho
- Pós‐Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de Ictiologia Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
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25
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Wu F, Liao B, Chen Y, Jiang Z, Guo Y, Li M. Niches of nine mangrove species in a Sonneratia apetala-colonized area of Dongzhai Harbor, Hainan Island, China. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:11838-11846. [PMID: 33145004 PMCID: PMC7593169 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The distribution of mangroves is influenced by the environment. We aimed to understand the ecological adaptability of various mangrove species within the range of the exotic species, Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham., in Dongzhai Harbor, Hainan Island, China. We used three niche breadth indexes (Simpson, Levins, and Shannon-Weiner) and two niche overlap indexes (Pianka and Levins) to quantitatively determine the niche characteristics of nine mangrove species. The results showed that the order of the niche breadth values of mangrove species was as follows: Aegiceras corniculatum (Linn.) Blanco > Kandelia obovata Sheue et al. > Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Poir. > Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. Hailanci > S. apetala > S. caseolaris (L.) Engl. > Rhizophora stylosa Griff > Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C. B. Rob. > B. sexangula (Lour.) Poir. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the niche breadth of each population was significantly correlated with the importance value of the population in the whole sample (R1 = R2 = 0.771, R3 = 0.644, p < .05). The nine mangrove species were divided into three groups by Bray-Curtis cluster analysis; the groups were similar to the distribution of mangrove species in the natural state as determined by tide level. Niche similarity analysis showed that the niche similarity of most mangroves ranged between 0.5 and 0.8 and that the species pairs A. corniculatum-B. gymnorrhiza, A. corniculatum-Avicennia marina, and K. obovata-S. caseolaris were characterized by large niche similarity ratios. Although it had a moderate niche breadth, S. apetala had a relatively broad niche overlap with mangroves in the mid- and low-tide zones (S. caseolaris, A. corniculatum, K. obovata, and Avicennia marina), a moderate overlap with B. gymnorrhiza and R. stylosa, only a slight overlap with C. tagal, and no overlap with B. sexangular. There was no obvious linear relationship between niche width and niche overlap of mangroves. Due to its inefficiency in utilizing certain resources and relatively high degree of resource selection, it seems likely that S. apetala will not pose a threat to the survival of native plants, let alone completely replace native species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wu
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry ResearchResearch Institute of Tropical ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryGuangzhouChina
- Zhaoqing Xinghu National Wetland Park Management CenterZhaoqingChina
| | - Baowen Liao
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry ResearchResearch Institute of Tropical ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryGuangzhouChina
| | - Yujun Chen
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry ResearchResearch Institute of Tropical ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhongmao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry ResearchResearch Institute of Tropical ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryGuangzhouChina
| | - Yunpeng Guo
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry ResearchResearch Institute of Tropical ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryGuangzhouChina
| | - Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry ResearchResearch Institute of Tropical ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryGuangzhouChina
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26
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Fisher DN, Pruitt JN, Yeager J. Orb-weaving spiders show a correlated syndrome of morphology and web structure in the wild. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Extended phenotypes are traits that exist outside the physical body of organisms. Despite their role in the lives of the organisms that express them and other organisms influenced by extended phenotypes, the consistency and covariance with morphological and behavioural traits of extended phenotypes has rarely been evaluated. We repeatedly measured an extended phenotype involved in prey acquisition (web structure) of wild orb-weaving spiders (Micrathena vigorsii), which re-build their webs daily. We related web structure to behaviours and spider body length. Web diameter and web density were repeatable among individuals, reaction to a predation threat was very marginally so, and response to a prey stimulus and web evenness were not repeatable. Larger spiders spun wider webs, had webs with increased thread spacing, and the spider possibly tended to react more slowly to a predation threat. When a spider built a relatively larger web it was also a relatively less dense and less even web. The repeatability of web construction and relationship with spider body size we found may be common features of intra-population variation in web structure in spiders. By estimating the consistency and covariances of extended phenotypes we can begin to evaluate what maintains their variation and how they might evolve.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N Fisher
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, King’s College, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Jonathan N Pruitt
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Marine Biology, University of California - Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Justin Yeager
- Biodiversidad Medio Ambiente y Salud (BIOMAS), Dirección General de Investigación, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
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27
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Costa-Pereira R, Araújo MS, Souza FL, Ingram T. Competition and resource breadth shape niche variation and overlap in multiple trophic dimensions. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 286:20190369. [PMID: 31039715 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Competition plays a central role in the maintenance of biodiversity. A backbone of classic niche theory is that local coexistence of competitors is favoured by the contraction or divergence of species' niches. However, this effect should depend on the diversity of resources available in the local environment, particularly when resources vary in multiple ecological dimensions. Here, we investigated how available resource breadth (i.e. prey diversity) and competition together shape multidimensional niche variation (between and within individuals) and interspecific niche overlap in 42 populations of congeneric tropical frog species. We modelled realized niches in two key trophic dimensions (prey size and carbon stable isotopes) and sampled available food resources to quantify two-dimensional resource breadth. We found a 14-fold variation in multidimensional population niche width across populations, most of which was accounted for by within-individual diet variation. This striking variation was predicted by an interaction whereby individual niche breadth increased with resource breadth and decreased with the number of congeneric competitors. These ecological gradients also interact to influence the degree of niche overlap between species, which surprisingly decreased with population total niche width, providing novel insights on how similar species can coexist in local communities. Together, our results emphasize that patterns of exploitation of resources in multiple dimensions are driven by both competitive interactions and extrinsic factors such as local resource breadth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Costa-Pereira
- 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) , Rio Claro , Brazil.,2 Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) , Rio Claro , Brazil.,3 Department of Zoology, University of Otago , PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054 , New Zealand
| | - Márcio S Araújo
- 2 Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) , Rio Claro , Brazil
| | - Franco L Souza
- 4 Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul , Campo Grande , Brazil
| | - Travis Ingram
- 3 Department of Zoology, University of Otago , PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054 , New Zealand
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28
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Gharnit E, Bergeron P, Garant D, Réale D. Exploration profiles drive activity patterns and temporal niche specialization in a wild rodent. Behav Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araa022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Individual niche specialization can have important consequences for competition, fitness, and, ultimately, population dynamics and ecological speciation. The temporal window and the level of daily activity are niche components that may vary with sex, breeding season, food supply, population density, and predator’s circadian rhythm. More recently, ecologists emphasized that traits such as dispersal and space use could depend on personality differences. Boldness and exploration have been shown to correlate with variation in foraging patterns, habitat use, and home range. Here, we assessed the link between exploration, measured from repeated novel environment tests, activity patterns, and temporal niche specialization in wild eastern chipmunks (Tamias striatus). Intrinsic differences in exploration should drive daily activity patterns through differences in energy requirements, space use, or the speed to access resources. We used collar-mounted accelerometers to assess whether individual exploration profiles predicted: 1) daily overall dynamic body acceleration, reflecting overall activity levels; 2) mean activity duration and the rate of activity sequences, reflecting the structure of daily activity; and 3) patterns of dawn and dusk activity, reflecting temporal niche differentiation. Exploration and overall activity levels were weakly related. However, both dawn activity and rate of activity sequences increased with the speed of exploration. Overall, activity patterns varied according to temporal variability in food conditions. This study emphasizes the role of intrinsic behavioral differences in activity patterns in a wild animal population. Future studies will help us understand how yearly seasonality in reproduction, food abundance, and population density modulate personality-dependent foraging patterns and temporal niche specialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elouana Gharnit
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Patrick Bergeron
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bishop’s University, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Dany Garant
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Réale
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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29
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Costa‐Pereira R, Toscano B, Souza FL, Ingram T, Araújo MS. Individual niche trajectories drive fitness variation. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raul Costa‐Pereira
- Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Rio Claro Brazil
- McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | | | - Franco L. Souza
- Instituto de Biociências Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Campo Grande Brazil
| | - Travis Ingram
- Department of Zoology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
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30
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Rechsteiner EU, Watson JC, Tinker MT, Nichol LM, Morgan Henderson MJ, McMillan CJ, DeRoos M, Fournier MC, Salomon AK, Honka LD, Darimont CT. Sex and occupation time influence niche space of a recovering keystone predator. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:3321-3334. [PMID: 30962895 PMCID: PMC6434543 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Predators exert strong effects on ecological communities, particularly when they re-occupy areas after decades of extirpation. Within species, such effects can vary over time and by sex and cascade across trophic levels. We used a space-for-time substitution to make foraging observations of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) across a gradient of reoccupation time (1-30 years), and nonmetric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) analysis to ask whether (a) sea otter niche space varies as a function of occupation time and (b) whether niche space varies by sex. We found that niche space varied among areas of different occupation times. Dietary niches at short occupation times were dominated by urchins (Mesocentrotus and Strongylocentrotus spp; >60% of diets) in open habitats at 10-40 m depths. At longer occupation times, niches were dominated by small clams (Veneroida; >30% diet), mussels (Mytilus spp; >20% diet), and crab (Decapoda; >10% diet) in shallow (<10 m) kelp habitats. Diet diversity was lowest (H' = 1.46) but energy rich (~37 kcal/min) at the earliest occupied area and highest, but energy poor (H' = 2.63, ~9 kcal/min) at the longest occupied area. A similar transition occurred through time at a recently occupied area. We found that niche space also differed between sexes, with bachelor males consuming large clams (>60%), and urchins (~25%) from deep waters (>40 m), and females and territorial males consuming smaller, varied prey from shallow waters (<10 m). Bachelor male diets were less diverse (H' = 2.21) but more energy rich (~27 kcal/min) than territorial males (H' = 2.54, ~13 kcal/min) and females (H' = 2.74, ~11 kcal/min). Given recovering predators require adequate food and space, and the ecological interactions they elicit, we emphasize the importance of investigating niche space over the duration of recovery and considering sex-based differences in these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin U. Rechsteiner
- Department of GeographyUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Hakai InstituteHeriot BayBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Jane C. Watson
- Vancouver Island UniversityNanaimoBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - M. Tim Tinker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California at Santa CruzSanta CruzCalifornia
- Nhydra Ecological ConsultingSt. Margaret's BayNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Linda M. Nichol
- Fisheries and Oceans CanadaPacific Biological StationNanaimoBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | | | - Christie J. McMillan
- Hakai InstituteHeriot BayBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Marine Education and Research SocietyPort McNeillBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Mike DeRoos
- Hakai InstituteHeriot BayBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | | | - Anne K. Salomon
- School of Resource and Environmental ManagementSimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Leah D. Honka
- Salmon Watersheds ProgramPacific Salmon FoundationVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Chris T. Darimont
- Department of GeographyUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Hakai InstituteHeriot BayBritish ColumbiaCanada
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van den Bosch M, Baert JM, Müller W, Lens L, Stienen EWM. Specialization reduces foraging effort and improves breeding performance in a generalist bird. Behav Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arz016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan M Baert
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit (TEREC), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Research Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wendt Müller
- Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Research Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luc Lens
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit (TEREC), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eric W M Stienen
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Brussels, Belgium
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Chilvers BL. Whisker stable isotope values indicate long-term foraging strategies for female New Zealand sea lions. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Costa-Pereira R, Rudolf VHW, Souza FL, Araújo MS. Drivers of individual niche variation in coexisting species. J Anim Ecol 2018; 87:1452-1464. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raul Costa-Pereira
- Instituto de Biociências; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Rio Claro SP Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Biodiversidade; UNESP; Rio Claro SP Brazil
- BioSciences; Rice University; Houston Texas
| | | | - Franco L. Souza
- Instituto de Biociências; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul; Campo Grande MS Brazil
| | - Márcio S. Araújo
- Instituto de Biociências; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Rio Claro SP Brazil
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