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Pausch J, Holz M, Zhu B, Cheng W. Rhizosphere priming promotes plant nitrogen acquisition by microbial necromass recycling. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1987-1996. [PMID: 38369964 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen availability in the rhizosphere relies on root-microorganism interactions, where root exudates trigger soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition through the rhizosphere priming effect (RPE). Though microbial necromass contribute significantly to organically bound soil nitrogen (N), the role of RPEs in regulating necromass recycling and plant nitrogen acquisition has received limited attention. We used 15N natural abundance as a proxy for necromass-N since necromass is enriched in 15N compared to other soil-N forms. We combined studies using the same experimental design for continuous 13CO2 labelling of various plant species and the same soil type, but considering top- and subsoil. RPE were quantified as difference in SOM-decomposition between planted and unplanted soils. Results showed higher plant N uptake as RPEs increased. The positive relationship between 15N-enrichment of shoots and roots and RPEs indicated an enhanced necromass-N turnover by RPE. Moreover, our data revealed that RPEs were saturated with increasing carbon (C) input via rhizodeposition in topsoil. In subsoil, RPEs increased linearly within a small range of C input indicating a strong effect of root-released C on decomposition rates in deeper soil horizons. Overall, this study confirmed the functional importance of rhizosphere C input for plant N acquisition through enhanced necromass turnover by RPEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Pausch
- Agroecology, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Bayern, Germany
| | - Maire Holz
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Biao Zhu
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weixin Cheng
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
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Peng Y, Zhang Z, He L, Li C, Liu M. NMR spectroscopy for metabolomics in the living system: recent progress and future challenges. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:2319-2334. [PMID: 38240793 PMCID: PMC10950998 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Metabolism is a fundamental process that underlies human health and diseases. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques offer a powerful approach to identify metabolic processes and track the flux of metabolites at the molecular level in living systems. An in vitro study through in-cell NMR tracks metabolites in real time and investigates protein structures and dynamics in a state close to their most natural environment. This technique characterizes metabolites and proteins involved in metabolic pathways in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) enables whole-organism metabolic monitoring by visualizing the spatial distribution of metabolites and targeted proteins. One limitation of these NMR techniques is the sensitivity, for which a possible improved approach is through isotopic enrichment or hyperpolarization methods, including dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) and parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP). DNP involves the transfer of high polarization from electronic spins of radicals to surrounding nuclear spins for signal enhancements, allowing the detection of low-abundance metabolites and real-time monitoring of metabolic activities. PHIP enables the transfer of nuclear spin polarization from parahydrogen to other nuclei for signal enhancements, particularly in proton NMR, and has been applied in studies of enzymatic reactions and cell signaling. This review provides an overview of in-cell NMR, in vivo MRS, and hyperpolarization techniques, highlighting their applications in metabolic studies and discussing challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zeting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lichun He
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Conggang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Maili Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
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Wang Y, Niu G, Wang R, Rousk K, Li A, Hasi M, Wang C, Xue J, Yang G, Lü X, Jiang Y, Han X, Huang J. Enhanced foliar 15 N enrichment with increasing nitrogen addition rates: Role of plant species and nitrogen compounds. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1591-1605. [PMID: 36515451 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Determining the abundance of N isotope (δ15 N) in natural environments is a simple but powerful method for providing integrated information on the N cycling dynamics and status in an ecosystem under exogenous N inputs. However, whether the input of different N compounds could differently impact plant growth and their 15 N signatures remains unclear. Here, the response of 15 N signatures and growth of three dominant plants (Leymus chinensis, Carex duriuscula, and Thermopsis lanceolata) to the addition of three N compounds (NH4 HCO3 , urea, and NH4 NO3 ) at multiple N addition rates were assessed in a meadow steppe in Inner Mongolia. The three plants showed different initial foliar δ15 N values because of differences in their N acquisition strategies. Particularly, T. lanceolata (N2 -fixing species) showed significantly lower 15 N signatures than L. chinensis (associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi [AMF]) and C. duriuscula (associated with AMF). Moreover, the foliar δ15 N of all three species increased with increasing N addition rates, with a sharp increase above an N addition rate of ~10 g N m-2 year-1 . Foliar δ15 N values were significantly higher when NH4 HCO3 and urea were added than when NH4 NO3 was added, suggesting that adding weakly acidifying N compounds could result in a more open N cycle. Overall, our results imply that assessing the N transformation processes in the context of increasing global N deposition necessitates the consideration of N deposition rates, forms of the deposited N compounds, and N utilization strategies of the co-existing plant species in the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinliu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Guoxiang Niu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruzhen Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Kathrin Rousk
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Muqier Hasi
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Changhui Wang
- Grassland College, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu, China
| | - Jianguo Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guojiao Yang
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
- College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaotao Lü
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xingguo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Hu CC, Liu XY. Plant nitrogen-use strategies and their responses to the urban elevation of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in southwestern China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 311:119969. [PMID: 35981639 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The elevation of nitrogen (N) deposition by urbanization profoundly impacts the structure and function of surrounding forest ecosystems. Plants are major biomass sinks of external N inputs into forests. Yet, the N-use strategies of forest plants in many areas remain unconstrained in city areas, so their responses and adapting mechanisms to the elevated N deposition are open questions. Here we investigated concentrations and N isotope (δ15N) of total N (TN) and nitrate (NO3-) in leaves and roots of four plant species in subtropical shrubberies and pine forests under N deposition levels of 13 kg-N ha-1 yr-1 and 29 kg-N ha-1 yr-1 at the Guiyang area of southwestern China, respectively. The δ15N differences between plant NO3- and soil NO3- revealed a meager NO3- reduction in leaves but a preferentially high NO3- reduction in roots. δ15N mass-balance analyses between plant TN and soil dissolved N suggested that soil NO3- contributed more than reduced N, and dissolved organic N contributed comparably with ammonium to plant TN, and the study plants preferred NO3- over reduced N. The elevation of N deposition induced root but not leaf NO3- reduction and enhanced the contribution of soil NO3- to plant TN, but plant NO3- preference decreased due to much higher magnitudes of soil NO3- enrichment than plant NO3- utilization. We conclude that plants in subtropical forests of southwestern China preferred NO3- over reduced N, and NO3- was reduced more in roots than in leaves, anthropogenic N pollution enhanced soil NO3- enrichment and plant NO3- utilization but reduced plant NO3- preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Chen Hu
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xue-Yan Liu
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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Liu H, Wang R, Lü XT, Cai J, Feng X, Yang G, Li H, Zhang Y, Han X, Jiang Y. Effects of nitrogen addition on plant-soil micronutrients vary with nitrogen form and mowing management in a meadow steppe. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117969. [PMID: 34426201 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) addition and mowing can significantly influence micronutrient cycling in grassland ecosystems. It remains largely unknown about how different forms of added N affect micronutrient status in plant-soil systems. We examined the effects of different N compounds of (NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3, and urea with and without mowing on micronutrient Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn in soil-plant systems in a meadow steppe. The results showed that (NH4)2SO4 addition had a stronger negative effect on soil pH compared with NH4NO3 and urea, resulting in higher increases in soil available Fe and Mn herein. Nitrogen addition decreased plant community-level biomass weighted (hereafter referred to as community-level) Fe concentration but increased Mn concentration, with a greater effect under (NH4)2SO4 addition. Community-level Cu concentration increased with (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3 addition only under mowing treatment. Mowing synergistically interacted with urea addition to increase community-level Mn and Zn concentrations even with decreased soil organic matter, possibly because of compensatory plant growth and thus higher plant nutrient uptake intensity under mowing treatment. Overall, responses of plant-soil micronutrients to N addition varied with mowing and different N compounds, which were mainly regulated by soil physicochemical properties and plant growth. Different magnitude of micronutrient responses in plants and soils shed light on the necessity to consider the role of various N compounds in biogeochemical models when projecting the effects of N enrichment on grassland ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyong Liu
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ruzhen Wang
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Xiao-Tao Lü
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jiangping Cai
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xue Feng
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Guojiao Yang
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Hui Li
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yuge Zhang
- College of Environment, Shenyang University, Shenyang, 110044, China
| | - Xingguo Han
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
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