1
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Parikh RV, Go AS, Bhatt AS, Tan TC, Allen AR, Feng KY, Hamilton SA, Tai AS, Fitzpatrick JK, Lee KK, Adatya S, Avula HR, Sax DR, Shen X, Cristino J, Sandhu AT, Heidenreich PA, Ambrosy AP. Developing Clinical Risk Prediction Models for Worsening Heart Failure Events and Death by Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e029736. [PMID: 37776209 PMCID: PMC10727243 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.029736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Background There is a need to develop electronic health record-based predictive models for worsening heart failure (WHF) events across clinical settings and across the spectrum of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Methods and Results We studied adults with heart failure (HF) from 2011 to 2019 within an integrated health care delivery system. WHF encounters were ascertained using natural language processing and structured data. We conducted boosted decision tree ensemble models to predict 1-year hospitalizations, emergency department visits/observation stays, and outpatient encounters for WHF and all-cause death within each LVEF category: HF with reduced ejection fraction (EF) (LVEF <40%), HF with mildly reduced EF (LVEF 40%-49%), and HF with preserved EF (LVEF ≥50%). Model discrimination was evaluated using area under the curve and calibration using mean squared error. We identified 338 426 adults with HF: 61 045 (18.0%) had HF with reduced EF, 49 618 (14.7%) had HF with mildly reduced EF, and 227 763 (67.3%) had HF with preserved EF. The 1-year risks of any WHF event and death were, respectively, 22.3% and 13.0% for HF with reduced EF, 17.0% and 10.1% for HF with mildly reduced EF, and 16.3% and 10.3% for HF with preserved EF. The WHF model displayed an area under the curve of 0.76 and mean squared error of 0.13, whereas the model for death displayed an area under the curve of 0.83 and mean squared error of 0.076. Performance and predictors were similar across WHF encounter types and LVEF categories. Conclusions We developed risk prediction models for 1-year WHF events and death across the LVEF spectrum using structured and unstructured electronic health record data and observed no substantial differences in model performance or predictors except for death, despite differences in underlying HF cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi V. Parikh
- Division of ResearchKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCAUSA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population HealthStanford UniversityPalo AltoCAUSA
| | - Alan S. Go
- Division of ResearchKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCAUSA
- Department of Health Systems ScienceKaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of MedicinePasadenaCAUSA
- Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and MedicineUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Department of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCAUSA
| | - Ankeet S. Bhatt
- Division of ResearchKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCAUSA
- Department of CardiologyKaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical CenterSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Thida C. Tan
- Division of ResearchKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCAUSA
| | - Amanda R. Allen
- Division of ResearchKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCAUSA
| | - Kent Y. Feng
- Department of CardiologyKaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical CenterSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Steven A. Hamilton
- Department of CardiologyKaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical CenterSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Andrew S. Tai
- Department of CardiologyKaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical CenterSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Jesse K. Fitzpatrick
- Department of CardiologyKaiser Permanente Santa Clara Medical CenterSanta ClaraCAUSA
| | - Keane K. Lee
- Department of CardiologyKaiser Permanente Santa Clara Medical CenterSanta ClaraCAUSA
| | - Sirtaz Adatya
- Department of CardiologyKaiser Permanente Santa Clara Medical CenterSanta ClaraCAUSA
| | - Harshith R. Avula
- Department of CardiologyKaiser Permanente Walnut Creek Medical CenterWalnut CreekCAUSA
| | - Dana R. Sax
- Department of Emergency MedicineKaiser Permanente Oakland Medical CenterOaklandCAUSA
| | - Xian Shen
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals CorporationEast HanoverNJUSA
| | | | - Alexander T. Sandhu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of MedicineStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
- Medical Service, VA Palo Alto Health Care SystemPalo AltoCAUSA
| | - Paul A. Heidenreich
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of MedicineStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
- Medical Service, VA Palo Alto Health Care SystemPalo AltoCAUSA
| | - Andrew P. Ambrosy
- Division of ResearchKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCAUSA
- Department of Health Systems ScienceKaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of MedicinePasadenaCAUSA
- Department of CardiologyKaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical CenterSan FranciscoCAUSA
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2
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Butt JH, Claggett BL, Miao ZM, Jering KS, Sim D, van der Meer P, Ntsekhe M, Amir O, Cho MC, Carrillo-Calvillo J, Núñez JE, Cadena A, Kerkar P, Maggioni AP, Steg PG, Granger CB, Mann DL, Merkely B, Lewis EF, Solomon SD, Zhou Y, Køber L, Braunwald E, McMurray JJV, Pfeffer MA. Geographic differences in patients with acute myocardial infarction in the PARADISE-MI trial. Eur J Heart Fail 2023; 25:1228-1242. [PMID: 37042062 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The globalization of clinical trials has highlighted geographic differences in patient characteristics, treatments, and outcomes. We examined these differences in PARADISE-MI. METHODS AND RESULTS Overall, 23.0% were randomized in Eastern Europe/Russia, 17.5% in Western Europe, 12.2% in Southern Europe, 10.1% in Northern Europe, 12.0% in Latin America (LA), 9.3% in North America (NA), 10.0% in East/South-East Asia and 5.8% in South Asia (SA). Those from Asia, particularly SA, were different from patients enrolled in the other regions, being younger and thinner. They also differed in terms of comorbidities (high prevalence of diabetes and low prevalence of atrial fibrillation), type of myocardial infarction (more often ST-elevation myocardial infarction), and treatment (low rate of primary percutaneous coronary intervention). By contrast, patients from LA did not differ meaningfully from those randomized in Europe or NA. Use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (34.8%) and beta-blockers (65.5%) was low in SA, whereas mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist use was lowest in NA (22%) and highest in Eastern Europe/Russia (53%). Rates of the primary composite outcome of cardiovascular death or incident heart failure varied two-fold among regions, with the lowest rate in SA (4.6/100 person-years) and the highest in LA (9.2/100 person-years). Rates of incident heart failure varied almost six-fold among regions, with the lowest rate in SA (1.0/100 person-years) and the highest in Northern Europe (5.9/100 person-years). The effect of sacubitril/valsartan was not modified by region. CONCLUSION In PARADISE-MI, there were substantial regional differences in patient characteristics, treatments and outcomes. Although the generalizability of these findings to a 'real-world' unselected population may be limited, these findings underscore the importance of considering both regional and within-region differences when designing global clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawad H Butt
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Brian L Claggett
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zi M Miao
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karola S Jering
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Sim
- National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mpiko Ntsekhe
- Division of Cardiology, University of Cape Town & Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Offer Amir
- Cardiovascular Institute, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Myeong-Chan Cho
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiocerebrovascular Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jorge Carrillo-Calvillo
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Central 'Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto' San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Julio E Núñez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Prafulla Kerkar
- Department of Cardiology, KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Philippe G Steg
- Université de Paris, AP-HP (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), FACT (French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials) and INSERM U-1148, Paris, France
| | | | - Douglas L Mann
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eldrin F Lewis
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Scott D Solomon
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yinong Zhou
- Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Lars Køber
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eugene Braunwald
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John J V McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Marc A Pfeffer
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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3
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Rafique Z, Fortuny MJ, Kuo D, Szarpak L, Llauger L, Espinosa B, Gil V, Jacob J, Alquézar-Arbé A, Andueza JA, Garrido JM, Aguirre A, Fuentes M, Alonso H, Lucas-Imbernón FJ, Bibiano C, Burillo-Putze G, Núñez J, Mullens W, Lopez-Ayala P, Mueller C, Llorens P, Peacock F, Miró Ò. Hyperkalemia in acute heart failure: Short term outcomes from the EAHFE registry. Am J Emerg Med 2023; 70:1-9. [PMID: 37186977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both hyperkalemia (HK) and Acute Heart Failure (AHF) are associated with increased short-term mortality, and the management of either may exacerbate the other. As the relationship between HK and AHF is poorly described, our purpose was to determine the relationship between HK and short-term outcomes in Emergency Department (ED) AHF. METHODS The EAHFE Registry enrolls all ED AHF patients from 45 Spanish ED and records in-hospital and post-discharge outcomes. Our primary outcome was all-cause in-hospital death, with secondary outcomes of prolonged hospitalization (>7 days) and 7-day post-discharge adverse events (ED revisit, hospitalization, or death). Associations between serum potassium (sK) and outcomes were explored using logistic regression by restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves, with sK =4.0 mEq/L as the reference, adjusting by age, sex, comorbidities, patient baseline status and chronic treatments. Interaction analyses were performed for the primary outcome. RESULTS Of 13,606 ED AHF patients, the median (IQR) age was 83 (76-88) years, 54% were women, and the median (IQR) sK was 4.5 mEq/L (4.3-4.9) with a range of 4.0-9.9 mEq/L. In-hospital mortality was 7.7%, with prolonged hospitalization in 35.9%, and a 7-day post-discharge adverse event rate of 8.7%. Adjusted in-hospital mortality increased steadily from sK ≥4.8 (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.01-1.80) to sK = 9.9 (8.41, 3.60-19.6). Non-diabetics with elevated sK had higher odds of death, while chronic treatment with mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonists exhibited a mixed effect. Neither prolonged hospitalization nor post-discharge adverse events was associated with sK. CONCLUSION In ED AHF, initial sK >4.8 mEq/L was independently associated with in-hospital mortality, suggesting that this cohort may benefit from aggressive HK treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubaid Rafique
- Henry JN Taub Department of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | | | - Dick Kuo
- Henry JN Taub Department of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lukasz Szarpak
- Henry JN Taub Department of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lluís Llauger
- Emergency Department, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Begoña Espinosa
- Emergency, Short Stay and Hospitalization at Home Departments, Hospital General Dr. Balmis de Alicante, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Víctor Gil
- Emergency Department, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Javier Jacob
- Emergency Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Aitor Alquézar-Arbé
- Emergency Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Andueza
- Emergency Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alfons Aguirre
- Emergency Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Fuentes
- Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Héctor Alonso
- Emergency Department, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Bibiano
- Emergency Department, Hospital Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Julio Núñez
- Ca Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, INCLIVA, CIBER Cardiovascular, Valencia, Spain
| | - Wilfried Mullens
- Cardiology Department, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Pedro Lopez-Ayala
- Cardiology Department and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; The GREAT (Global REsearch in Acute Conditions Team) Network, Rome, Italy
| | - Christian Mueller
- Cardiology Department and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; The GREAT (Global REsearch in Acute Conditions Team) Network, Rome, Italy
| | - Pere Llorens
- Emergency, Short Stay and Hospitalization at Home Departments, Hospital General Dr. Balmis de Alicante, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Frank Peacock
- Henry JN Taub Department of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; The GREAT (Global REsearch in Acute Conditions Team) Network, Rome, Italy
| | - Òscar Miró
- Emergency Department, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; The GREAT (Global REsearch in Acute Conditions Team) Network, Rome, Italy
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4
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Weng JQ, Li JB, Yuan MF, Yao TT, Zhang JF, Zeng YY, Zhao J, Li Y, Xu K, Shen XX. Effects of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on Intestinal Barrier, Intestinal Flora, and Trimethylamine Oxide in Rats with Heart Failure. Chin J Integr Med 2023; 29:155-161. [PMID: 36369611 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-2898-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanisms of Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) modulating the gut microbiome and trimethylamine oxide (TAMO) to exert cardioprotective effects. METHODS Ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery was performed in rats to induce heart failure (HF). Except for the sham-operation group (n=10), 36 operation-induced models were randomized into 3 groups using a random number table (n=12 in each group): the model group, the BYHWD group (15.02 g/kg BYHWD), and the positive group (4.99 g/kg metoprolol succinate). After 4-week treatment (once daily by gavage), echocardiography was applied to evaluate the cardiac function and the Tei index (the ratio of ventricular isovolumic contraction time (IVCT) and isovolumic diastolic time (IVRT) to ejection time (ET)) was calculated; hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was observed to characterize the pathology of the myocardium and small intestinal villi. D-lactic acid was detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expressions of occludin, claudin-1, and zonula occludens (ZO-1) were detected by Western blot. 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA) sequencing was used to explore the changes in the intestinal flora. TMAO was detected via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). RESULTS In the echocardiography, the Tei index was considerably lower in the positive and BYHWD groups compared with the model group (P<0.05). Besides, BYHWD improved the pathology of myocardium and small intestine of HF rats and lowered the D-lactic acid content in the serum, when compared with the model group (P<0.05). BYHWD also improved the expression of occludin and claudin-1 (P<0.05); in the gut microbiota analysis, BYHWD slowed down modifications in the structure distribution of gut microbiota and regulated the diversity of intestinal flora in HF rats. The content of TMAO in the serum was significantly lowered by BYWHT compared with the model group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION BYHWD may delay progression of HF by enhancing the intestinal barrier structure, and regulating intestinal flora and TAMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Qiong Weng
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jie-Bai Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Meng-Fei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Ting-Ting Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jing-Fang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiao-Xu Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
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5
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Sundaram V, Nagai T, Chiang CE, Reddy YNV, Chao TF, Zakeri R, Bloom C, Nakai M, Nishimura K, Hung CL, Miyamoto Y, Yasuda S, Banerjee A, Anzai T, Simon DI, Rajagopalan S, Cleland JGF, Sahadevan J, Quint JK. Hospitalization for Heart Failure in the United States, UK, Taiwan, and Japan: An International Comparison of Administrative Health Records on 413,385 Individual Patients. J Card Fail 2022; 28:353-366. [PMID: 34634448 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2021.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Registries show international variations in the characteristics and outcome of patients with heart failure (HF), but national samples are rarely large, and case selection may be biased owing to enrolment in academic centers. National administrative datasets provide large samples with a low risk of bias. In this study, we compared the characteristics, health care resource use (HRU) and outcomes of patients with primary HF hospitalizations (HFH) using electronic health records (EHR) from 4 high-income countries (United States, UK, Taiwan, Japan) on 3 continents. METHODS AND RESULTS We used electronic health record to identify unplanned HFH between 2012 and 2014. We identified 231,512, 10,991, 36,900, and 133,982 patients with a primary HFH from the United States, the UK, Taiwan, and Japan, respectively. HFH per 100,000 population was highest in the United States and lowest in Taiwan. Fewer patients in Taiwan and Japan were obese or had chronic kidney disease. The length of hospital stay was shortest in the United States (median 4 days) and longer in the UK, Taiwan, and Japan (medians of 7, 9, and 17 days, respectively). HRU during hospitalization was highest in Japan and lowest in UK. Crude and direct standardized in-hospital mortality was lowest in the United States (direct standardized rates 1.8, 95% confidence interval 1.7%-1.9%) and progressively higher in Taiwan (direct standardized rates 3.9, 95% CI 3.8%-4.1%), the UK (direct standardized rates 6.4, 95% CI 6.1%-6.7%), and Japan (direct standardized rates 6.7, 95% CI 6.6%-6.8%). The 30-day all-cause (25.8%) and HF (7.2%) readmissions were highest in the United States and lowest in Japan (11.9% and 5.1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Marked international variations in patient characteristics, HRU, and clinical outcomes exist; understanding them might inform health care policy and international trial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Sundaram
- Department of Medicine, Louis Stokes Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Harington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Population Science and Gene Health, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Nagai
- Department of Population Science and Gene Health, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Chern-En Chiang
- General Clinical Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yogesh N V Reddy
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Tze-Fan Chao
- General Clinical Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Rosita Zakeri
- Department of Population Science and Gene Health, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK; Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Chloe Bloom
- Department of Population Science and Gene Health, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michikazu Nakai
- Department of Statistics and Data Analysis, Center for Cerebral and Cardiovascular Disease Information, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Nishimura
- Department of Statistics and Data Analysis, Center for Cerebral and Cardiovascular Disease Information, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Chung-Lieh Hung
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yoshihiro Miyamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Amitava Banerjee
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Toshihisa Anzai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Daniel I Simon
- Department of Population Science and Gene Health, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Harington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - John G F Cleland
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jayakumar Sahadevan
- Department of Medicine, Louis Stokes Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio; Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Jennifer K Quint
- Department of Population Science and Gene Health, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK; The Department of Medicine, Louis Stokes Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
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6
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Koroki T, Abe T, Ochiai H. Nicardipine versus nitroglycerin for hypertensive acute heart failure syndrome: a single-center observational study. J Rural Med 2022; 17:33-39. [PMID: 35047100 PMCID: PMC8753259 DOI: 10.2185/jrm.2021-045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Nitroglycerin is a first-line treatment for hypertensive acute
heart failure syndrome (AHFS). However, nicardipine is frequently used to treat
hypertensive emergencies, including AHFS. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of
nicardipine and nitroglycerin in patients with hypertensive AHFS. Patients and Methods: This single-center, retrospective, observational study
was conducted at the intensive care unit of a Japanese hospital. Patients diagnosed with
AHFS and systolic blood pressure 140 mmHg on arrival between April 2013 and March 2021
were included. The outcomes were the time to optimal blood pressure control, duration of
continuous infusion of antihypertensive agents, duration of positive pressure ventilation,
need for additional antihypertensive agents, length of hospital stay, and body weight
changes. Outcomes were compared between the nicardipine and nitroglycerin groups. We also
compared these outcomes between the groups after excluding patients who received renal
replacement therapy. Results: Fifty-eight patients were enrolled (26 and 32 patients were treated
with nitroglycerin and nicardipine, respectively). The nicardipine group had a shorter
time to optimal blood pressure control (2.0 [interquartile range, 2.0–8.5] h vs. 1.0
[0.5–2.0] h), shorter duration of continuous anti-hypertensive agent infusion (3.0
[2.0–5.0] days vs. 2.0 [1.0–2.0] days), less frequent need for additional
anti-hypertensive agents (1 patients [3.1%] vs. 11 patients [42.3%]), and shorter length
of hospital stay (17.5 [10.0–33.0] days vs. 9.0 [5.0–15.0] days) than the nitroglycerin
group. The duration of positive pressure ventilation and body weight changes were similar
between the groups. The outcomes were similar after excluding patients who received renal
replacement therapy. Conclusion: Nicardipine may be more effective than nitroglycerin for
treating hypertensive AHFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatoshi Koroki
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Abe
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Ochiai
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Japan
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7
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Anselmi G, Gagliardi L, Egidi G, Leone S, Gasbarrini A, Miggiano GAD, Galiuto L. Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Critical Review. Cardiol Rev 2021; 29:195-204. [PMID: 32639240 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The human intestine contains the largest and most diverse ecosystem of microbes. The main function of the intestinal bacterial flora is to limit the growth of potentially pathogenic microorganisms. However, the intestinal microbiota is increasingly emerging as a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The gut microbiota-derived metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine-N-oxide, bile acids, and polyphenols play a pivotal role in maintaining healthy cardiovascular function, and when dysregulated, can potentially lead to CVD. In particular, changes in the composition and diversity of gut microbiota, known as dysbiosis, have been associated with atherosclerosis, hypertension, and heart failure. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms remain yet to be fully understood. Therefore, the microbiota and its metabolites have become a new therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of CVD. In addition to a varied and balanced diet, the use of prebiotic and probiotic treatments or selective trimethylamine-N-oxide inhibitors could play a pivotal role in the prevention of CVD, especially in patients with a high metabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Anselmi
- From the UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Area Medicina Interna, Gastroenterologia e Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Gastroenterologiche, Endocrino-Metaboliche e Nefro-Urologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucilla Gagliardi
- From the UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Area Medicina Interna, Gastroenterologia e Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Gastroenterologiche, Endocrino-Metaboliche e Nefro-Urologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Egidi
- From the UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Area Medicina Interna, Gastroenterologia e Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Gastroenterologiche, Endocrino-Metaboliche e Nefro-Urologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Leone
- From the UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Area Medicina Interna, Gastroenterologia e Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Gastroenterologiche, Endocrino-Metaboliche e Nefro-Urologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- UOC di Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Area Medicina Interna, Gastroenterologia e Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Gastroenterologiche, Endocrino-Metaboliche e Nefro-Urologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacinto Abele Donato Miggiano
- From the UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Area Medicina Interna, Gastroenterologia e Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Gastroenterologiche, Endocrino-Metaboliche e Nefro-Urologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Leonarda Galiuto
- From the UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Area Medicina Interna, Gastroenterologia e Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Gastroenterologiche, Endocrino-Metaboliche e Nefro-Urologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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8
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Chen L, Ionescu-Ittu R, Romdhani H, Guerin A, Kessler P, Borentain M, Friend K, DeSouza M, Sato N. Disease Management and Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized for Acute Heart Failure in Japan. Cardiol Ther 2021; 10:211-228. [PMID: 33609268 PMCID: PMC8126582 DOI: 10.1007/s40119-021-00212-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study described patients hospitalized for acute heart failure (AHF) in Japan who received intravenous (IV) diuretics and/or vasodilators as the initial therapy. Methods The Japan Medical Data Vision database was used to identify adult patients hospitalized for AHF during 2013–2017, who were hemodynamically stable at presentation and treated with IV diuretics and/or IV vasodilators as initial therapy. Treatment patterns and use of cardiac rehabilitation, as well as outcomes (e.g., length of stay [LOS], in-hospital mortality, HF-readmission) were reported overall and by year of AHF hospitalization. Results Of 30,360 patients (mean age = 80.0 years; 52.2% male), 87.0% were treated during the hospitalization with IV diuretics, 63.9% with IV vasodilators, and 13.8% with intensified therapies. On average, the duration of IV therapy was 10.6 days. In-hospital cardiac rehabilitation was utilized by 51.7% of the patients for 11.7 days on average. Mean LOS was 23.3 days, while in-hospital mortality and 30-day HF readmission post-discharge were 13.2 and 9.5%, respectively. Hospitalization outcomes remained stable between 2013 and 2017 despite important changes in AHF management such as a decrease in carperitide use (55.9–40.0% in 2017), and increases in use of tolvaptan (from 14.2% in 2013 to 31.3% in 2017) and of cardiac rehabilitation (from 43.2% in 2013 to 56.1% in 2017). Patients with intensified therapies had the longest IV therapy duration (mean 23.8 days vs. 5.5–9.9 days), the highest cardiac rehabilitation services use (60.2 vs. 38.3–57.0%), the longest LOS (mean 36.7 vs. 16.3–22.2 days), and the highest in-hospital mortality (37.4 vs. 3.1–12.4%) compared to the other treatment groups. Conclusions Contemporary treatment for AHF hospitalization in Japan comprises a long duration of IV therapy followed by extended use of oral medications and in-hospital cardiac rehabilitation prior to discharge. Patients requiring intensified therapies had much longer LOS and higher in-hospital mortality. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40119-021-00212-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Employee of Bristol Myers Squibb at the time when the research was conducted, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Naoki Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kawaguchi Cardiovascular and Respiratory Hospital, Saitama, Japan.
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9
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Bertero E, Störk S, Maack C. REPORT-HF reveals global inequalities in health care provision and prognosis of patients with acute heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:e112-e114. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Bertero
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, Haus A15, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Störk
- Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, Haus A15, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Maack
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, Haus A15, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
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10
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Tromp J, Bamadhaj S, Cleland JGF, Angermann CE, Dahlstrom U, Ouwerkerk W, Tay WT, Dickstein K, Ertl G, Hassanein M, Perrone SV, Ghadanfar M, Schweizer A, Obergfell A, Lam CSP, Filippatos G, Collins SP. Post-discharge prognosis of patients admitted to hospital for heart failure by world region, and national level of income and income disparity (REPORT-HF): a cohort study. LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH 2020; 8:e411-e422. [DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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11
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Bhatt AS, Luo N, Solomon N, Pagidipati NJ, Ambrosio G, Green JB, McGuire DK, Standl E, Cornel JH, Halvorsen S, Lopes RD, White HD, Holman RR, Peterson ED, Mentz RJ. International variation in characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure: Insights from TECOS. Am Heart J 2019; 218:57-65. [PMID: 31707329 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2019.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
International differences in management/outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure (HF) are not well characterized. We sought to evaluate geographic variation in treatment and outcomes among these patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Among 14,671 participants in the Trial Evaluating Cardiovascular Outcomes with Sitagliptin (TECOS), those with HF at baseline and a documented ejection fraction (EF) (N = 1591; 10.8%) were categorized by enrollment region (North America, Latin America, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, and Asia Pacific). Cox models were used to examine the association between geographic region and the primary outcome of all-cause mortality (ACM) or hospitalization for HF (hHF) in addition to ACM alone. Analyses were stratified by those with EF <40% or EF ≥40%. The majority of participants with HF were enrolled in Eastern Europe (53%). Overall, 1,267 (79.6%) had EF ≥40%. β-Blocker (83%) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker (86%) use was high across all regions in patients with EF <40%. During a median follow-up of 2.9 years, Eastern European participants had lower rates of ACM/hHF compared with North Americans (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.32-0.64). These differences were seen only in the EF ≥40% subgroup and not the EF <40% subgroup. ACM was similar among Eastern European and North American participants (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.44-1.45). CONCLUSIONS: Significant variation exists in the clinical features and outcomes of HF patients across regions in TECOS. Patients from Eastern Europe had lower risk-adjusted ACM/hHF than those in North America, driven by those with EF ≥40%. These data may inform the design of future international trials.
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12
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Shiraishi Y, Kohsaka S, Sato N, Takano T, Kitai T, Yoshikawa T, Matsue Y. 9-Year Trend in the Management of Acute Heart Failure in Japan: A Report From the National Consortium of Acute Heart Failure Registries. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 7:e008687. [PMID: 30371201 PMCID: PMC6222932 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.008687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Acute heart failure (AHF) is a heterogeneous condition, and its characteristics and management patterns differ by region. Furthermore, limited evidence is available on AHF outside of Western countries. A project by the National Consortium of Acute Heart Failure Registries was designed to evaluate the trends over time in patient backgrounds, in‐hospital management patterns, and long‐term outcomes of patients with AHF over 9 years in Japan. Methods and Results Between 2007 and 2015, registry data for patients with AHF were collected from 3 large‐scale quality AHF registries (ATTEND/WET‐HF/REALITY‐AHF). Predefined end points were trends over time in age, sex, and clinical outcomes, including short‐ and long‐term mortality and readmission for heart failure. The final data set consisted of 9075 patients with AHF. No significant differences in patient backgrounds and laboratory findings (eg, anemia or renal function) were observed, with the exception of patient age; mean age became substantially higher over 9 years (71.6–77.0 years; P for trend, <0.001). On the contrary, length of hospital stay became shorter (mean, 26–16 days). These changes were not associated with in‐hospital mortality (4.7–7.5%) or 30‐day heart failure readmission rate (4.8–5.4%), as well as 1‐year mortality and heart failure readmission rate (20.1–23.3% and 23.6–26.2%, respectively). Conclusions Length of hospital stay in patients with AHF shortened over the 9‐year period despite the increasing age of the patients. However, short‐ and long‐term outcomes do not seem to be affected; continuous efforts to monitor clinical outcomes in patients with AHF are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Shiraishi
- 1 Department of Cardiology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Shun Kohsaka
- 1 Department of Cardiology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Naoki Sato
- 2 Internal Medicine, Cardiology, and Intensive Care Unit Nippon Medical School Musashi-Kosugi Hospital Kanagawa Japan
| | - Teruo Takano
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine Nippon Medical School Tokyo Japan
| | - Takeshi Kitai
- 4 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital Kobe Japan
| | | | - Yuya Matsue
- 6 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Juntendo University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan.,7 Cardiovascular Respiratory Sleep Medicine Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
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13
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Tromp J, Ferreira JP, Janwanishstaporn S, Shah M, Greenberg B, Zannad F, Lam CS. Heart failure around the world. Eur J Heart Fail 2019; 21:1187-1196. [DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Tromp
- National Heart Centre Singapore Singapore
- Duke‐NUS Medical School Singapore
- Department of Cardiology University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - João Pedro Ferreira
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques‐ Plurithématique 14‐33, and Inserm U1116, CHRU, F‐CRIN INI‐CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists) Nancy France
| | - Satit Janwanishstaporn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand
| | | | - Barry Greenberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine UC San Diego Health System La Jolla NC USA
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques‐ Plurithématique 14‐33, and Inserm U1116, CHRU, F‐CRIN INI‐CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists) Nancy France
| | - Carolyn S.P. Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore Singapore
- Duke‐NUS Medical School Singapore
- Department of Cardiology University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
- The George Institute for Global Health Sydney Australia
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14
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Tanaka T, Kawana M, Kohsaka S. Interpreting the evidence from tolvaptan clinical trials. J Cardiol 2019; 74:195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Anesi GL, Admon AJ, Halpern SD, Kerlin MP. Understanding irresponsible use of intensive care unit resources in the USA. THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2019; 7:605-612. [PMID: 31122898 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(19)30088-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Use of intensive care unit (ICU) resources in the USA far outpaces that of other countries. This increased use is not accompanied by superior clinical outcomes and is at times discordant with patient desires. This Series paper seeks to identify major drivers of ICU resource use in the USA, and to offer steps towards better aligning ICU resource use with clinical needs and patient preferences. After considering several factors, such as organisational, ethical, and economic factors, we suggest that there are four intersecting drivers of irresponsible use of ICU resources in the USA: first, excess ICU bed capacity and a scarcity of data to understand which patients that truly benefit from ICU compared with ward care; second, clinicians misinterpreting the goals and means of patient autonomy; third, an extreme fear of rationing by the general public; and fourth, fee-for-service driven use of advanced medical technologies and procedures that beget ICU expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- George L Anesi
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Palliative and Advanced Illness Research (PAIR) Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Perelman School of Medicine, and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Andrew J Admon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and Institute for Healthcare Policy & Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Scott D Halpern
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Palliative and Advanced Illness Research (PAIR) Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Perelman School of Medicine, and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Meeta P Kerlin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Palliative and Advanced Illness Research (PAIR) Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Perelman School of Medicine, and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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16
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Regional variations in trajectories of long-term readmission rates among patients in England with heart failure. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2019; 19:86. [PMID: 30954063 PMCID: PMC6451209 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-019-1057-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to compare the characteristics and types of heart failure (HF) patients termed "high-impact users", with high long-term readmission rates, in different regions in England. This will allow clinical factors to be identified in areas with potentially poor quality of care. METHODS Patients with a primary diagnosis of heart failure (HF) in the period 2008-2009 were identified using nationally representative primary care data linked to national hospital data and followed up for 5 years. Group-based trajectory models and sequence analysis were applied to their readmissions. RESULTS In each of the 8 NHS England regions, multiple discrete groups were identified. All the regions had high-impact users. The group with an initially high readmission rate followed by a rapid decline in the rate ranged from 2.5 to 11.3% across the regions. The group with constantly high readmission rate compared with other groups ranged from 1.9 to 12.1%. Covariates that were commonly found to have an association with high-impact users among most of the regions were chronic respiratory disease, chronic renal disease, stroke, anaemia, mood disorder, and cardiac arrhythmia. Respiratory tract infection, urinary infection, cardiopulmonary signs and symptoms and exacerbation of heart failure were common causes in the sequences of readmissions among high-impact users in all regions. CONCLUSION There is regional variation in England in readmission and mortality rates and in the proportions of HF patients who are high-impact users.
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17
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Jin M, Qian Z, Yin J, Xu W, Zhou X. The role of intestinal microbiota in cardiovascular disease. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:2343-2350. [PMID: 30712327 PMCID: PMC6433673 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has indicated that intestinal microbiota is involved in the development of various human diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In the recent years, both human and animal experiments have revealed that alterations in the composition and function of intestinal flora, recognized as gut microflora dysbiosis, can accelerate the progression of CVDs. Moreover, intestinal flora metabolizes the diet ingested by the host into a series of metabolites, including trimethylamine N-oxide, short chain fatty acids, secondary bile acid and indoxyl sulfate, which affects the host physiological processes by activation of numerous signalling pathways. The aim of this review was to summarize the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of CVDs, including coronary artery disease, hypertension and heart failure, which may provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies for CVD that involve interfering with the composition, function and metabolites of the intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchao Jin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhiyuan Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weiting Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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18
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Dungen HD, Petroni R, Correale M, Coiro S, Monitillo F, Triggiani M, Leone M, Antohi EL, Ishihara S, Sarwar CMS, Sabbah HN, Memo M, Metra M, Butler J, Nodari S, Gheorghiade M. A new educational program in heart failure drug development: the Brescia international master program. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2019; 19:411-421. [PMID: 29952846 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000000669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
: Despite recent advances in chronic heart failure treatment, prognosis of acute heart failure patients remains poor with a heart failure rehospitalization rate or death reaching approximately 25% during the first 6 months after discharge. In addition, about half of these patients have preserved ejection fraction for which there are no evidence-based therapies. Disappointing results from heart failure clinical trials over the past 20 years emphasize the need for developing novel approaches and pathways for testing new heart failure drugs and devices. Indeed, many trials are being conducted without matching the mechanism and action of the drug with the clinical event. The implementation of these novel approaches should be coupled with the training of a new generation of heart failure physicians and scientists in the art and science of clinical trials. Currently, drug development is led by opinion leaders and experts who, despite their huge personal experience, were never trained systematically on drug development. The aim of this article is to propose a training program of 'drug development in Heart Failure'. A physician attending this course would have to be trained with a major emphasis on heart failure pathophysiology to better match mechanisms of death and rehospitalization with mechanism of action of the drug. Applicants will have to prove their qualifications and special interest in heart failure drug development before enrollment. This article should serve as a roadmap on how to apply emerging general principles in an innovative drug-development-in-heart-failure-process as well as the introduction of a new educational and mentorship program focusing on younger generations of researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Dirk Dungen
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiology, Charité Universitäts Medizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Renata Petroni
- Department of Cardiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila
| | - Michele Correale
- Cardiology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Foggia
| | - Stefano Coiro
- Cardiologia e Fisiopatologia Cardiovascolare, University of Perugia, Perugia
| | - Francesco Monitillo
- Cardiovascular Diseases Section, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, Bari
| | - Marco Triggiani
- Cardiology Section, Department of Clinical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marta Leone
- Cardiovascular Diseases Section, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, Bari
| | - Elena-Laura Antohi
- ICCU and Cardiology 1st Department, Institute of Emergency for Cardiovascular Diseases 'C.C.Iliescu', Bucharest, Romania
| | - Shiro Ishihara
- Internal Medicine, Cardiology, and Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Musashi-Kosugi Hospital, Kawasaky, Japan
| | | | - Hani N Sabbah
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Maurizio Memo
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine
| | - Marco Metra
- Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Javed Butler
- Cardiology Division, Stony Brook University, New York, New York
| | - Savina Nodari
- Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mihai Gheorghiade
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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19
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Greene SJ, Hernandez AF, Sun JL, Butler J, Armstrong PW, Ezekowitz JA, Zannad F, Ferreira JP, Coles A, Metra M, Voors AA, Califf RM, O'Connor CM, Mentz RJ. Relationship Between Enrolling Country Income Level and Patient Profile, Protocol Completion, and Trial End Points. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2018; 11:e004783. [PMID: 30354576 PMCID: PMC6208149 DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.118.004783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globalization of clinical trials fosters inclusion of higher and lower income countries, but the influence of enrolling country income level on heart failure trial performance is unclear. This study sought to evaluate associations between enrolling country income level, acute heart failure patient profile, protocol completion, and trial end points. METHODS AND RESULTS The ASCEND-HF (Acute Study of Clinical Effectiveness of Nesiritide in Decompensated Heart Failure) trial included 7141 patients with acute heart failure from 30 countries. Country income data in gross national income per capita in current US dollars from the year 2007 (ie, the year trial enrollment began) were abstracted from the World Bank. Patients were grouped by enrolling country income level (ie, high [>$11 455], upper middle [$3706-$11 455], lower middle [$936-$3705], and low [<$936]). Income data were available for 29 (97%) countries (N=7064). There were 3996 (57%), 1518 (21%), and 1550 (22%) patients from high-income, upper-middle-income, and lower-middle-income countries, respectively. There were no patients from low-income countries. Patients from lower-middle-income countries tended to be younger with fewer comorbidities and lower utilization of guideline-directed therapies. Rates of adverse events (13.8%) and protocol noncompletion (4.9%) during 180-day follow-up were highest among high-income countries (all P <0.01). After adjustment for race, geographic region, and clinical characteristics, compared with lower-middle-income countries, enrollment from higher income countries was associated with increased 30-day mortality or rehospitalization (high income: odds ratio, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.02-2.85; upper-middle-income: odds ratio, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.23-3.81), driven by higher rates of rehospitalization. Mortality was similar at 30 and 180 days. The association between higher country income and the 30-day composite end point was similar across geographic regions, with exception of Latin America ( P for interaction, 0.03). CONCLUSIONS In this global acute heart failure trial, patients from higher income countries had lower rates of protocol completion, higher rates of adverse events, and similar mortality rates. After adjustment for race, geographic region, and clinical factors, enrollment from a higher income country was associated with worse clinical outcomes, driven by higher rates of rehospitalization. Variation in enrolling country income level may influence study end points and trial performance independent of geographic region. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00475852.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Greene
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.C., R.M.C., C.M.O., R.J.M.)
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., R.M.C., R.J.M.)
| | - Adrian F Hernandez
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.C., R.M.C., C.M.O., R.J.M.)
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., R.M.C., R.J.M.)
| | - Jie-Lena Sun
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.C., R.M.C., C.M.O., R.J.M.)
| | - Javed Butler
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (J.B.)
| | - Paul W Armstrong
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (P.W.A., J.A.E.)
| | - Justin A Ezekowitz
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (P.W.A., J.A.E.)
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, France (F.Z., J.P.F.)
| | - João Pedro Ferreira
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, France (F.Z., J.P.F.)
| | - Adrian Coles
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.C., R.M.C., C.M.O., R.J.M.)
| | - Marco Metra
- Cardiology, University of Brescia, Italy (M.M.)
| | | | - Robert M Califf
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.C., R.M.C., C.M.O., R.J.M.)
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., R.M.C., R.J.M.)
| | - Christopher M O'Connor
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.C., R.M.C., C.M.O., R.J.M.)
- Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, VA (C.M.O.)
| | - Robert J Mentz
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.C., R.M.C., C.M.O., R.J.M.)
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., R.M.C., R.J.M.)
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Shiraishi Y, Nagai T, Kohsaka S, Goda A, Nagatomo Y, Mizuno A, Kohno T, Rigby A, Fukuda K, Yoshikawa T, Clark AL, Cleland JGF. Outcome of hospitalised heart failure in Japan and the United Kingdom stratified by plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. Clin Res Cardiol 2018; 107:1103-1110. [DOI: 10.1007/s00392-018-1283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Ferrari R, Bueno H, Chioncel O, Cleland JG, Stough WG, Lettino M, Metra M, Parissis JT, Pinto F, Ponikowski P, Ruschitzka F, Tavazzi L. Acute heart failure: lessons learned, roads ahead. Eur J Heart Fail 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ferrari
- Department of Cardiology and LTTA Centre; University Hospital of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research; E.S. Health Science Foundation; Cotignola Italy
| | - Héctor Bueno
- Department of Cardiology; Hospital 12 de Octubre; Madrid Spain
| | - Ovidiu Chioncel
- University of Medicine Carol Davila Bucuresti; Institutul de Urgente Boli Cardiovasculare CC; Iliescu Romania
| | - John G. Cleland
- National Heart & Lung Institute; Harefield Hospital, Imperial College; London UK
| | - Wendy Gattis Stough
- Departments of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Research; Campbell University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences; Cary NC USA
| | | | - Marco Metra
- Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health; University of Brescia; Brescia Italy
| | | | - Fausto Pinto
- Departamento de Cardiologia, CCUL, CAML, Faculdade de Medicina; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisbon Portugal
| | - Piotr Ponikowski
- Medical University, Centre for Heart Disease; Clinical Military Hospital; Wroclaw Poland
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of Cardiology; University Heart Center; Zürich Switzerland
| | - Luigi Tavazzi
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research; E.S. Health Science Foundation; Cotignola Italy
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22
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Lee JE, Park EC, Jang SY, Lee SA, Choy YS, Kim TH. Effects of Physician Volume on Readmission and Mortality in Elderly Patients with Heart Failure: Nationwide Cohort Study. Yonsei Med J 2018; 59:243-251. [PMID: 29436192 PMCID: PMC5823826 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2018.59.2.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Readmission and mortality rates of patients with heart failure are good indicators of care quality. To determine whether hospital resources are associated with care quality for cardiac patients, we analyzed the effect of number of physicians and the combined effects of number of physicians and beds on 30-day readmission and 1-year mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used national cohort sample data of the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) claims in 2002-2013. Subjects comprised 2345 inpatients (age: >65 years) admitted to acute-care hospitals for heart failure. A multivariate Cox regression was used. RESULTS Of the 2345 patients hospitalized with heart failure, 812 inpatients (34.6%) were readmitted within 30 days and 190 (8.1%) had died within a year. Heart-failure patients treated at hospitals with low physician volumes had higher readmission and mortality rates than high physician volumes [30-day readmission: hazard ratio (HR)=1.291, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.020-1.633; 1-year mortality: HR=2.168, 95% CI=1.415-3.321]. Patients admitted to hospitals with low or middle bed and physician volume had higher 30-day readmission and 1-year mortality rates than those admitted to hospitals with high volume (30-day readmission: HR=2.812, 95% CI=1.561-5.066 for middle-volume beds & low-volume physicians, 1-year mortality: HR=8.638, 95% CI=2.072-36.02 for middle-volume beds & low-volume physicians). CONCLUSION Physician volume is related to lower readmission and mortality for heart failure. Of interest, 30-day readmission and 1-year mortality were significantly associated with the combined effects of physician and institution bed volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Eun Lee
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk Yong Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Eulji University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang Ah Lee
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Choy
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Hospital Administration, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
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23
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Leef GC, Perino AC, Cluckey A, Yunus FN, Askari M, Heidenreich PA, Narayan SM, Wang PJ, Turakhia MP. Geographic and racial representation and reported success rates of studies of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: Findings from the SMASH-AF meta-analysis study cohort. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2018; 29:747-755. [DOI: 10.1111/jce.13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- George C. Leef
- Department of Medicine; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford CA USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System; Palo Alto CA USA
| | - Alexander C. Perino
- Department of Medicine; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford CA USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System; Palo Alto CA USA
| | - Andrew Cluckey
- Department of Medicine; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford CA USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System; Palo Alto CA USA
| | - Fahd N. Yunus
- Department of Medicine; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford CA USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System; Palo Alto CA USA
| | - Mariam Askari
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System; Palo Alto CA USA
| | - Paul A. Heidenreich
- Department of Medicine; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford CA USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System; Palo Alto CA USA
| | - Sanjiv M. Narayan
- Department of Medicine; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford CA USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System; Palo Alto CA USA
| | - Paul J. Wang
- Department of Medicine; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford CA USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System; Palo Alto CA USA
| | - Mintu P. Turakhia
- Department of Medicine; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford CA USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System; Palo Alto CA USA
- Center for Digital Health; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford CA USA
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24
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Metra M, Davison BA, Gimpelewicz C, Carubelli V, Felker GM, Filippatos G, Greenberg BH, Hua TA, Liu Z, Pang PS, Ponikowski P, Severin TM, Voors AA, Wang Y, Cotter G, Teerlink JR. Site enrollment rate, outcomes, and study drug effects in a multicenter trial. Results from RELAX-AHF. Int J Cardiol 2018; 253:91-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.09.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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25
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Tromp J, Richards AM, Tay WT, Teng THK, Yeo PSD, Sim D, Jaufeerally F, Leong G, Ong HY, Ling LH, van Veldhuisen DJ, Jaarsma T, Voors AA, van der Meer P, de Boer RA, Lam CSP. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and prognosis in Caucasian vs. Asian patients with heart failure. ESC Heart Fail 2018; 5:279-287. [PMID: 29380931 PMCID: PMC5880675 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) is the most frequently used biomarker in heart failure (HF), but its prognostic utility across ethnicities is unclear. Methods and results This study included 546 Caucasians with HF from the Coordinating Study Evaluating Outcomes of Advising and Counseling in Heart Failure and 578 Asians with HF from the Singapore Heart Failure Outcomes and Phenotypes study. NT‐proBNP was measured at discharge after HF hospitalization. The studied outcome was a composite of all‐cause mortality and HF hospitalization at 18 months. Compared with Caucasian patients, Asian patients were younger (63 ± 12 vs. 71 ± 11 years); less often female (26% vs. 39%); and had lower body mass index (26 vs. 27 kg/m2), better renal function (61 ± 37 vs. 54 ± 20 mL/min/1.73 m2), lower rates of atrial fibrillation (25% vs. 46%), strikingly higher rates of diabetes (59% vs. 30%), and higher rates of hypertension (76% vs. 44%). Despite these clear inter‐group differences in individual drivers of NT‐proBNP, average levels were similar in Asians [2709 (1350, 6302) pg/mL] and Caucasians [2545 (1308, 5484) pg/mL] (P = 0.514). NT‐proBNP was strongly associated with outcome [hazard ratio 1.28 (per doubling), 95% confidence interval 1.18–1.39, P < 0.001], regardless of ethnicity (Pinteraction = 0.719). NT‐proBNP was similarly associated with outcome in HF with reduced and preserved ejection fraction in Asian (Pinteraction = 0.776) and Caucasian patients (Pinteraction = 0.558). Conclusions NT‐proBNP has similar prognostic performance in Asians and Caucasians with HF despite ethnic differences in known clinical determinants of plasma NT‐proBNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Tromp
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.,National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore
| | - Arthur Mark Richards
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Wan Ting Tay
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore
| | - Tiew-Hwa K Teng
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore.,School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | | | - David Sim
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Lieng Hsi Ling
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dirk J van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tiny Jaarsma
- Department of Social and Welfare Studies, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Adriaan A Voors
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore.,Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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26
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Egwim C, Dixon B, Ambrosy AP, Mentz RJ. Global Variations in Patient Populations and Outcomes in Heart Failure Clinical Trials. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2017; 14:30-39. [PMID: 28185163 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-017-0316-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Heart failure is a global pandemic and there has been a growing effort to enroll patients from different geographical regions in randomized controlled trials. In this review, we examined regional variation in both patient characteristics and outcomes among several of the most recent global heart failure trials RECENT FINDINGS: Retrospective analyses of global heart failure trials have identified marked variations in both baseline characteristics and management of heart failure by region of enrollment. In some trials, this variation has been significant enough to cause differential treatment effects. We summarized key heterogeneity observed in global heart failure clinical trials. Differences in both patient population and organization of these trials abroad pose an important challenge in making interpretations and country-level decisions. As such, we encourage a concerted effort to account for these differences in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chidiebube Egwim
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brittany Dixon
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Andrew P Ambrosy
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert J Mentz
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. .,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA.
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27
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Mentz RJ, Roessig L, Greenberg BH, Sato N, Shinagawa K, Yeo D, Kwok BWK, Reyes EB, Krum H, Pieske B, Greene SJ, Ambrosy AP, Kelly JP, Zannad F, Pitt B, Lam CSP. Heart Failure Clinical Trials in East and Southeast Asia: Understanding the Importance and Defining the Next Steps. JACC-HEART FAILURE 2017; 4:419-27. [PMID: 27256745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a major and increasing global public health problem. In Asia, aging populations and recent increases in cardiovascular risk factors have contributed to a particularly high burden of HF, with outcomes that are poorer than those in the rest of the world. Representation of Asians in landmark HF trials has been variable. In addition, HF patients from Asia demonstrate clinical differences from patients in other geographic regions. Thus, the generalizability of some clinical trial results to the Asian population remains uncertain. In this article, we review differences in HF phenotype, HF management, and outcomes in patients from East and Southeast Asia. We describe lessons learned in Asia from recent HF registries and clinical trial databases and outline strategies to improve the potential for success in future trials. This review is based on discussions among scientists, clinical trialists, industry representatives, and regulatory representatives at the CardioVascular Clinical Trialist Asia Forum in Singapore on July 4, 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Mentz
- Duke Clinical Research Institute and the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
| | | | - Barry H Greenberg
- Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Naoki Sato
- Internal Medicine, Cardiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School Musashi-Kosugi Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kaori Shinagawa
- Office of New Drug II, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Henry Krum
- Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Cardiology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow Klinikum, and German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephen J Greene
- Duke Clinical Research Institute and the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Andrew P Ambrosy
- Duke Clinical Research Institute and the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jacob P Kelly
- Duke Clinical Research Institute and the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Faiez Zannad
- INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; INSERM U1116, Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; CHU Nancy, Pôle de Cardiologie, Institut Lorrain du Cœur et des Vaisseaux, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France
| | - Bertram Pitt
- University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore
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28
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Emami A, Ebner N, von Haehling S. Publishing in a heart failure journal-where lies the scientific interest? ESC Heart Fail 2017; 4:389-401. [PMID: 29131547 PMCID: PMC5695188 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Emami
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nicole Ebner
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stephan von Haehling
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075, Göttingen, Germany
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29
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Tuttle C, Reeves M, Zhong Hu TC, Keates AK, Brady S, Maguire G, Stewart S. Pattern and Outcome of Heart Failure–Related Hospitalization Over 5 Years in a Remote Australian Population: A Retrospective Administrative Data Cohort of 617 Indigenous and non-Indigenous Cases. J Card Fail 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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30
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Miñana G, Bosch MJ, Núñez E, Mollar A, Santas E, Valero E, García-Blas S, Pellicer M, Bodí V, Chorro FJ, Sanchis J, Núñez J. Length of stay and risk of very early readmission in acute heart failure. Eur J Intern Med 2017; 42:61-66. [PMID: 28400077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES In patients admitted for acute heart failure (AHF), optimal length of stay (LOS) remains controversial. Longer hospitalizations are associated with worse prognosis, but little is known about short hospitalizations. The aim of this work was to evaluate the relationship between LOS and the risk of short-term readmission in patients discharged after a hospitalization for AHF. METHODS We included 2110 consecutive patients. The independent associations between LOS and unplanned 10, 15 and 30-day readmissions were evaluated by Cox regression analysis adjusted for competing events. LOS was categorized as LOS1: ≤4days, LOS2: 5-7days, LOS3: 8-10days, and LOS4: >10days. RESULTS The mean age was 73±11years and 52.6% exhibited left ventricle ejection fraction≥50%. The median (IQR) LOS was 7 (5-11) days. At 10, 15 and 30-day follow-up, 130 (6.2%), 181 (8.6%), and 282 (13.4%) unplanned readmissions were registered. Rates of 10 and 15-day readmission among LOS categories showed a J-shaped pattern with lower rates for those in LOS2 and higher at the both extremes (p=0.001). At 30-day, only longer stays showed higher rates of readmission (p=0.002). In the multivariate analysis, the U-shaped curve remained significant for 10 and 15-day readmissions (p<0.05). Compared to LOS2, LOS1, LOS3 and LOS4 showed about two-fold increased risk. At 30-day only longer stays showed a borderline and modest increase of risk. CONCLUSIONS Shorter and longer stays are associated with the risk of very early readmissions after an episode of AHF. These associations are marginal for 30-day readmissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Miñana
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, CIBER Cardiovascular, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Eduardo Núñez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, CIBER Cardiovascular, Valencia, Spain
| | - Anna Mollar
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, CIBER Cardiovascular, Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Santas
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, CIBER Cardiovascular, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ernesto Valero
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, CIBER Cardiovascular, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergio García-Blas
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, CIBER Cardiovascular, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mauricio Pellicer
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, CIBER Cardiovascular, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicent Bodí
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, CIBER Cardiovascular, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco J Chorro
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, CIBER Cardiovascular, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Sanchis
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, CIBER Cardiovascular, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julio Núñez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, CIBER Cardiovascular, Valencia, Spain.
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Jin M, Wei S, Gao R, Wang K, Xu X, Yao W, Zhang H, Zhou Y, Xu D, Zhou F, Li X. Predictors of Long-Term Mortality in Patients With Acute Heart Failure. Int Heart J 2017; 58:409-415. [PMID: 28496020 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.16-219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To investigate parameters which were related with long-term mortality in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure (AHF).A total of 287 patients with AHF presenting to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were enrolled into the registry from April 2012 to January 2015. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality within 1 year; the association between variables and prognosis was assessed after 1 year.Among the 287 patients, 17 did not continue follow-up and 47 (17.4%) passed away. Baseline NT-proBNP and sST2 concentrations were higher amongst deceased than among survivors (P < 0.001). Serum sodium concentrations of patients who died were lower (P < 0.001). In receiver operator characteristics (ROC) analyses, the area under the curve (AUC) values for NT-proBNP, sST2, and serum sodium to predict 1-year mortality were 0.699 (95%CI 0.639-0.755), 0.692, (95%CI 0.634-0.747), and 0.694 (95%CI 0.634-0.750), respectively. The optimal cut-off points for NT-proBNP, sST2, and serum sodium were 2137.0 ng/L, 35.711 ng/mL, and 136.6 mmol/L, respectively. In Cox regression analysis, ln-transformed NT-proBNP (HR 1.546, P = 0.039), ln-transformed sST2 (HR1.542, P = 0.049), and serum sodium (HR 0.880, P = 0.000) values reliably predicted long-term mortality after multivariable adjustment.In patients with acute heart failure, NT-proBNP, sST2 and serum sodium are potential predictors of 1-year mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchao Jin
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Siqi Wei
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Rongrong Gao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Xuejuan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Wenming Yao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Yanli Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Dongjie Xu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Xinli Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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Mentz RJ, Bethel MA, Gustavson S, Thompson VP, Pagidipati NJ, Buse JB, Chan JC, Iqbal N, Maggioni AP, Marso SP, Ohman P, Poulter N, Ramachandran A, Zinman B, Hernandez AF, Holman RR. Baseline characteristics of patients enrolled in the Exenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering (EXSCEL). Am Heart J 2017; 187:1-9. [PMID: 28454792 PMCID: PMC9849915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND EXSCEL is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial examining the effect of exenatide once-weekly (EQW) versus placebo on time to the primary composite outcome (cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction or nonfatal stroke) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and a wide range of cardiovascular (CV) risk. METHODS Patients were enrolled at 688 sites in 35 countries. We describe their baseline characteristics according to prior CV event status and compare patients with those enrolled in prior glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) outcomes trials. RESULTS Of a total of 14,752 participants randomized between June 2010 and September 2015, 6,788 (46.0%) patients were enrolled in Europe; 3,708 (25.1%), North America; 2,727 (18.5%), Latin America; and 1,529 (10.4%), Asia Pacific. Overall, 73% had at least one prior CV event (70% coronary artery disease, 24% peripheral arterial disease, 22% cerebrovascular disease). The median (IQR) age was 63 years (56, 69), 38% were female, median baseline HbA1c was 8.0% (7.3, 8.9) and 16% had a prior history of heart failure. Those without a prior CV event were younger with a shorter duration of diabetes and better renal function than those with at least one prior CV event. Compared with prior GLP-1RA trials, EXSCEL has a larger percentage of patients without a prior CV event and a notable percentage who were taking a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor at baseline (15%). CONCLUSIONS EXSCEL is one of the largest global GLP-1RA trials, evaluating the safety and efficacy of EQW with a broad patient population that may extend generalizability compared to prior GLP-1RA trials (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01144338).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - John B Buse
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Juliana C Chan
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Nayyar Iqbal
- AstraZeneca Research and Development, Gaithersburg, MD
| | | | - Steve P Marso
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Peter Ohman
- AstraZeneca Research and Development, Gaithersburg, MD
| | - Neil Poulter
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, NHLI, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ambady Ramachandran
- India Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. A. Ramachandran's Diabetes Hospitals, Chennai, India
| | - Bernard Zinman
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Rury R Holman
- Diabetes Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Demissei BG, Postmus D, Cleland JG, O'Connor CM, Metra M, Ponikowski P, Teerlink JR, Cotter G, Davison BA, Givertz MM, Bloomfield DM, van Veldhuisen DJ, Dittrich HC, Hillege HL, Voors AA. Plasma biomarkers to predict or rule out early post-discharge events after hospitalization for acute heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2017; 19:728-738. [DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Biniyam G. Demissei
- Department of Cardiology; University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen; Hanzeplein 1 9713 GZ Groningen the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology; University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
| | - Douwe Postmus
- Department of Epidemiology; University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - John R. Teerlink
- University of California at San Francisco and San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center; San Francisco CA USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Dirk J. van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology; University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen; Hanzeplein 1 9713 GZ Groningen the Netherlands
| | - Howard C. Dittrich
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center; University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine; Iowa City IA USA
| | - Hans L. Hillege
- Department of Cardiology; University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen; Hanzeplein 1 9713 GZ Groningen the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology; University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
| | - Adriaan A. Voors
- Department of Cardiology; University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen; Hanzeplein 1 9713 GZ Groningen the Netherlands
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Frigerio M, Mazzali C, Paganoni AM, Ieva F, Barbieri P, Maistrello M, Agostoni O, Masella C, Scalvini S. Trends in heart failure hospitalizations, patient characteristics, in-hospital and 1-year mortality: A population study, from 2000 to 2012 in Lombardy. Int J Cardiol 2017; 236:310-314. [PMID: 28262349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was undertaken to evaluate trends in heat failure hospitalizations (HFHs) and 1-year mortality of HFH in Lombardy, the largest Italian region, from 2000 to 2012. METHODS Hospital discharge forms with HF-related ICD-9 CM codes collected from 2000 to 2012 by the regional healthcare service (n=699797 in 370538 adult patients), were analyzed with respect to in-hospital and 1-year mortality; Group (G) 1 included most acute HF episodes with primary cardiac diagnosis (70%); G2 included cardiomyopathies without acute HF codes (17%); and G3 included non-cardiac conditions with HF as secondary diagnosis (13%). Patients experiencing their first HFH since 2005 were analyzed as incident cases (n=216782). RESULTS Annual HFHs number (mean 53830) and in-hospital mortality (9.4%) did not change over the years, the latter being associated with increasing age (p<0.0001) and diagnosis Group (G1 9.1%, G2 5.6%, G3 15.9%, p<0.0001). Incidence of new cases decreased over the years (3.62 [CI 3.58-3.67] in 2005 to 3.13 [CI 3.09-3.17] in 2012, per 1000 adult inhabitants/year, p<0.0001), with an increasing proportion of patients aged ≥85y (22.3% to 31.4%, p<0.0001). Mortality lowered over time in <75y incident cases, both in-hospital (5.15% to 4.36%, p<0.0001) and at 1-year (14.8% to 12.9%, p=0.0006). CONCLUSIONS The overall burden and mortality of HFH appear stable for more than a decade. However, from 2005 to 2012, there was a reduction of new, incident cases, with increasing age at first hospitalization. Meanwhile, both in-hospital and 1-year mortality decreased in patients aged <75y, possibly due to improved prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Frigerio
- De Gasperis Cardiocenter, Niguarda-Ca'Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Mazzali
- Department of Management Economics and Industrial Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Ieva
- MOX - Department of Mathematics, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Ornella Agostoni
- Cardiovascular Department, Santi Paolo e Carlo, Presidio San Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Masella
- Department of Management Economics and Industrial Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simonetta Scalvini
- Rehabilitation Cardiology Department and Continuity Care Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Lumezzane, Brescia, Italy.
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Hamo CE, Butler J, Gheorghiade M, Chioncel O. The bumpy road to drug development for acute heart failure. Eur Heart J Suppl 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suw045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Pharmacological reasons that may explain why randomized clinical trials have failed in acute heart failure syndromes. Int J Cardiol 2016; 233:1-11. [PMID: 28161130 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Acute heart failure (AHF) represents a clinical challenge as it encloses a heterogeneous group of syndromes (AHFS) with different pathophysiology, clinical presentations, prognosis and response to therapy. In the last 25years multiple therapeutic targets have been identified and numerous new drugs were evaluated but, up to now, all failed to demonstrate a consistent benefit on clinical outcomes. Moreover, a repeated finding has been the poor correlation between the encouraging results of preclinical and early clinical trials and the lack of effect on outcomes observed in phase III trials. We review several possible pharmacological reasons that may explain the lack of success to develop new drugs and the pharmacological challenges to overcome in the future to develop new more effective and safer drugs for the treatment of AHFS.
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Metra M, Carubelli V, Ravera A, Stewart Coats AJ. Heart failure 2016: still more questions than answers. Int J Cardiol 2016; 227:766-777. [PMID: 27838123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure has reached epidemic proportions given the ageing of populations and is associated with high mortality and re-hospitalization rates. This article reviews and summarizes recent advances in the diagnosis, assessment and treatment of the patients with heart failure. Data are discussed based also on the most recent guidelines indications. Open issues and unmet needs are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Metra
- Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy.
| | - Valentina Carubelli
- Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Alice Ravera
- Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
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Cotter G, Davison BA, Milo O, Bourge RC, Cleland JG, Jondeau G, Krum H, O'Connor CM, Metra M, Parker JD, Torre-Amione G, van Veldhuisen DJ, Kobrin I, Rainisio M, Senger S, Edwards C, McMurray JJ, Teerlink JR. Predictors and Associations With Outcomes of Length of Hospital Stay in Patients With Acute Heart Failure: Results From VERITAS. J Card Fail 2016; 22:815-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Greene SJ, Hernandez AF, Sun JL, Metra M, Butler J, Ambrosy AP, Ezekowitz JA, Starling RC, Teerlink JR, Schulte PJ, Voors AA, Armstrong PW, O’Connor CM, Mentz RJ. Influence of Clinical Trial Site Enrollment on Patient Characteristics, Protocol Completion, and End Points. Circ Heart Fail 2016; 9:CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.002986. [DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.116.002986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Most international acute heart failure trials have failed to show benefit with respect to key end points. The impact of site enrollment and protocol execution on trial performance is unclear.
Methods and Results—
We assessed the impact of varying site enrollment volume among all 7141 acute heart failure patients from the ASCEND-HF trial (Acute Study of Clinical Effectiveness of Nesiritide in Decompensated Heart Failure). Overall, 398 sites enrolled ≥1 patient, and median enrollment was 12 patients (interquartile range, 5–23). Patients from high enrolling sites (>60 patients/site) tended to have lower ejection fraction, worse New York Heart Association functional class, and lower utilization of guideline-directed medical therapy but fewer comorbidities and lower B-type natriuretic peptide level. Every 10 patient increase (up to 100 patients) in site enrollment correlated with lower likelihood of protocol noncompletion (odds ratio, 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89–0.98). After adjustment, increasing site enrollment predicted higher risk of persistent dyspnea at 6 hours (per 10 patient increase: odds ratio 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01–1.03) but not at 24 hours (odds ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.98–1.00). Higher site enrollment was independently associated with lower risk of 30-day death or rehospitalization (per 10 patient increase: odds ratio, 0.98, 95% CI, 0.96–0.99) but not 180-day mortality (hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.98–1.01). The influence of increasing site enrollment on clinical end points varied across geographic regions with strongest associations in Latin America and Asia-Pacific (all interaction
P
<0.01).
Conclusions—
In this large, acute heart failure trial, site enrollment correlated with protocol completion and was independently associated with trial end points. Individual and regional site performance present challenges to be considered in design of future acute heart failure trials.
Clinical Trial Registration—
URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00475852.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Greene
- From the Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., A.P.A., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.P.A., P.J.S., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Cardiology, University of Brescia, Italy (M.M.); Division of Cardiology, Stony Brook University, NY (J.B.); Canadian VIGOUR Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (J.A.E., P.W.A.); Cleveland Clinic, OH (R.C.S.); Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
| | - Adrian F. Hernandez
- From the Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., A.P.A., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.P.A., P.J.S., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Cardiology, University of Brescia, Italy (M.M.); Division of Cardiology, Stony Brook University, NY (J.B.); Canadian VIGOUR Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (J.A.E., P.W.A.); Cleveland Clinic, OH (R.C.S.); Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
| | - Jie-Lena Sun
- From the Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., A.P.A., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.P.A., P.J.S., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Cardiology, University of Brescia, Italy (M.M.); Division of Cardiology, Stony Brook University, NY (J.B.); Canadian VIGOUR Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (J.A.E., P.W.A.); Cleveland Clinic, OH (R.C.S.); Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
| | - Marco Metra
- From the Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., A.P.A., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.P.A., P.J.S., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Cardiology, University of Brescia, Italy (M.M.); Division of Cardiology, Stony Brook University, NY (J.B.); Canadian VIGOUR Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (J.A.E., P.W.A.); Cleveland Clinic, OH (R.C.S.); Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
| | - Javed Butler
- From the Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., A.P.A., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.P.A., P.J.S., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Cardiology, University of Brescia, Italy (M.M.); Division of Cardiology, Stony Brook University, NY (J.B.); Canadian VIGOUR Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (J.A.E., P.W.A.); Cleveland Clinic, OH (R.C.S.); Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
| | - Andrew P. Ambrosy
- From the Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., A.P.A., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.P.A., P.J.S., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Cardiology, University of Brescia, Italy (M.M.); Division of Cardiology, Stony Brook University, NY (J.B.); Canadian VIGOUR Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (J.A.E., P.W.A.); Cleveland Clinic, OH (R.C.S.); Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
| | - Justin A. Ezekowitz
- From the Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., A.P.A., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.P.A., P.J.S., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Cardiology, University of Brescia, Italy (M.M.); Division of Cardiology, Stony Brook University, NY (J.B.); Canadian VIGOUR Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (J.A.E., P.W.A.); Cleveland Clinic, OH (R.C.S.); Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
| | - Randall C. Starling
- From the Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., A.P.A., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.P.A., P.J.S., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Cardiology, University of Brescia, Italy (M.M.); Division of Cardiology, Stony Brook University, NY (J.B.); Canadian VIGOUR Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (J.A.E., P.W.A.); Cleveland Clinic, OH (R.C.S.); Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
| | - John R. Teerlink
- From the Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., A.P.A., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.P.A., P.J.S., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Cardiology, University of Brescia, Italy (M.M.); Division of Cardiology, Stony Brook University, NY (J.B.); Canadian VIGOUR Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (J.A.E., P.W.A.); Cleveland Clinic, OH (R.C.S.); Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
| | - Phillip J. Schulte
- From the Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., A.P.A., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.P.A., P.J.S., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Cardiology, University of Brescia, Italy (M.M.); Division of Cardiology, Stony Brook University, NY (J.B.); Canadian VIGOUR Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (J.A.E., P.W.A.); Cleveland Clinic, OH (R.C.S.); Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
| | - Adriaan A. Voors
- From the Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., A.P.A., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.P.A., P.J.S., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Cardiology, University of Brescia, Italy (M.M.); Division of Cardiology, Stony Brook University, NY (J.B.); Canadian VIGOUR Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (J.A.E., P.W.A.); Cleveland Clinic, OH (R.C.S.); Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
| | - Paul W. Armstrong
- From the Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., A.P.A., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.P.A., P.J.S., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Cardiology, University of Brescia, Italy (M.M.); Division of Cardiology, Stony Brook University, NY (J.B.); Canadian VIGOUR Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (J.A.E., P.W.A.); Cleveland Clinic, OH (R.C.S.); Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
| | - Christopher M. O’Connor
- From the Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., A.P.A., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.P.A., P.J.S., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Cardiology, University of Brescia, Italy (M.M.); Division of Cardiology, Stony Brook University, NY (J.B.); Canadian VIGOUR Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (J.A.E., P.W.A.); Cleveland Clinic, OH (R.C.S.); Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
| | - Robert J. Mentz
- From the Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (S.J.G., A.F.H., A.P.A., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.F.H., J.-L.S., A.P.A., P.J.S., C.M.O., R.J.M.); Cardiology, University of Brescia, Italy (M.M.); Division of Cardiology, Stony Brook University, NY (J.B.); Canadian VIGOUR Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (J.A.E., P.W.A.); Cleveland Clinic, OH (R.C.S.); Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
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Miller WL. Ethnicity Matters in Understanding Risks and Outcomes of Heart Failure Across the Globe. J Card Fail 2016; 22:609-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Kristensen SL, Martinez F, Jhund PS, Arango JL, Bĕlohlávek J, Boytsov S, Cabrera W, Gomez E, Hagège AA, Huang J, Kiatchoosakun S, Kim KS, Mendoza I, Senni M, Squire IB, Vinereanu D, Wong RCC, Gong J, Lefkowitz MP, Rizkala AR, Rouleau JL, Shi VC, Solomon SD, Swedberg K, Zile MR, Packer M, McMurray JJV. Geographic variations in the PARADIGM-HF heart failure trial. Eur Heart J 2016; 37:3167-3174. [PMID: 27354044 PMCID: PMC5106574 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The globalization of clinical trials has highlighted geographic variations in patient characteristics, event rates, and treatment effects. We investigated these further in PARADIGM-HF, the largest and most globally representative trial in heart failure (HF) to date. Methods and results We looked at five regions: North America (NA) 602 (8%), Western Europe (WE) 1680 (20%), Central/Eastern Europe/Russia (CEER) 2762 (33%), Latin America (LA) 1433 (17%), and Asia-Pacific (AP) 1487 (18%). Notable differences included: WE patients (mean age 68 years) and NA (65 years) were older than AP (58 years) and LA (63 years) and had more coronary disease; NA and CEER patients had the worst signs, symptoms, and functional status. North American patients were the most likely to have a defibrillating-device (54 vs. 2% AP) and least likely prescribed a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (36 vs. 65% LA). Other evidence-based therapies were used most frequently in NA and WE. Rates of the primary composite outcome of cardiovascular (CV) death or HF hospitalization (per 100 patient-years) varied among regions: NA 13.6 (95% CI 11.7–15.7) WE 9.6 (8.6–10.6), CEER 12.3 (11.4–13.2), LA 11.2 (10.0–12.5), and AP 12.5 (11.3–13.8). After adjustment for prognostic variables, relative to NA, the risk of CV death was higher in LA and AP and the risk of HF hospitalization lower in WE. The benefit of sacubitril/valsartan was consistent across regions. Conclusion There were many regional differences in PARADIGM-HF, including in age, symptoms, comorbidity, background therapy, and event-rates, although these did not modify the benefit of sacubitril/valsartan. Clinical trial registration URL http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01035255.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Lund Kristensen
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK .,Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Felipe Martinez
- Emeritus Professor of Medicine, Universidad Nacional of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | | | - Jan Bĕlohlávek
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sergey Boytsov
- National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Albert A Hagège
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Département de Cardiologie ; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité ; INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Jun Huang
- First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Kee-Sik Kim
- Daegu Catholic University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Iván Mendoza
- Venezuela Instituto Tropical Medicine Universidad Central Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Michele Senni
- Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Cardiologia 1 - Scompenso e Trapianti di Cuore, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Iain B Squire
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Dragos Vinereanu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila - University and Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Jianjian Gong
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | - Jean L Rouleau
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Victor C Shi
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Karl Swedberg
- University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden .,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Michael R Zile
- Medical University of South Carolina and Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John J V McMurray
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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42
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Metra M, Mentz RJ, Hernandez AF, Heizer GM, Armstrong PW, Clausell N, Corbalan R, Costanzo MR, Dickstein K, Dunlap ME, Ezekowitz JA, Howlett JG, Komajda M, Krum H, Lombardi C, Fonarow GC, McMurray JJ, Nieminen MS, Swedberg K, Voors AA, Starling RC, Teerlink JR, O'Connor CM. Geographic Differences in Patients in a Global Acute Heart Failure Clinical Trial (from the ASCEND-HF Trial). Am J Cardiol 2016; 117:1771-8. [PMID: 27108685 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of countries and geographical regions are involved in major clinical trials. Acute Study of Clinical Effectiveness of Nesiritide in Decompensated Heart Failure is the largest trial in acutely decompensated heart failure (HF) with patients from 5 geographical regions: North America (NA), Latin America (LA), Western Europe (WE), Central Europe (CE), and Asia-Pacific (AP). Data from the 5 geographical areas were compared including baseline characteristics, medications, 30-day outcomes (mortality and mortality or HF hospitalization), and 180-day mortality. Of the 7,141 study patients, 3,243 (45.4%) were from NA (average of 15.2 patients/site), 1,762 (24.7%) from AP (28.4 patients/site), 967 (13.5%) from CE (20.2 patients/site), 665 (9.3%) from LA (17.1 patients/site), and 504 (7.1%) from WE (14.4 patients/site). There were marked differences in co-morbidities, clinical profile, medication use, length of stay, 30-day event rates, and 180-day mortality by region. Compared with NA, the adjusted risk for death or HF hospitalization at 30 days was significantly lower in CE (odds ratio [OR] 0.46, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.64), WE (OR 0.52 95% CI 0.35 to 0.75), and AP (OR 0.62 95% CI 0.48 to 0.79) and numerically lower in LA (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.57 to 1.04) with similar results for 180-day mortality. In conclusion, in patients with acutely decompensated HF, major differences in baseline characteristics, treatments, length of the hospital stay, and 30-day HF rehospitalization rates, and 180-day mortality were found in patients enrolled from different geographical areas.
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43
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Davison BA, Metra M, Senger S, Edwards C, Milo O, Bloomfield DM, Cleland JG, Dittrich HC, Givertz MM, O'Connor CM, Massie BM, Ponikowski P, Teerlink JR, Voors AA, Cotter G. Patient journey after admission for acute heart failure: length of stay, 30-day readmission and 90-day mortality. Eur J Heart Fail 2016; 18:1041-50. [DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Beth A. Davison
- Momentum Research, Inc.; 3100 Tower Boulevard; Suite 802 Durham NC 27707 USA
| | | | - Stefanie Senger
- Momentum Research, Inc.; 3100 Tower Boulevard; Suite 802 Durham NC 27707 USA
| | - Christopher Edwards
- Momentum Research, Inc.; 3100 Tower Boulevard; Suite 802 Durham NC 27707 USA
| | - Olga Milo
- Momentum Research, Inc.; 3100 Tower Boulevard; Suite 802 Durham NC 27707 USA
| | | | - John G. Cleland
- University of Hull; Kingston upon Hull, and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College; London UK
| | - Howard C. Dittrich
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine Cardiovascular Research Centre; Iowa City IA USA
| | | | | | - Barry M. Massie
- University of California; San Francisco and the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center; San Francisco CA USA
| | | | - John R. Teerlink
- University of California; San Francisco and the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center; San Francisco CA USA
| | - Adriaan A. Voors
- University Medical Centre Groningen; University of Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
| | - Gad Cotter
- Momentum Research, Inc.; 3100 Tower Boulevard; Suite 802 Durham NC 27707 USA
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44
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McMurray JJV, Køber L. Trials and the 'real world' - how different are they? Eur J Heart Fail 2016; 18:411-3. [PMID: 27019978 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John J V McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland, UK
| | - Lars Køber
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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45
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Vaduganathan M, Mentz RJ, Greene SJ, Senni M, Sato N, Nodari S, Butler J, Gheorghiade M. Combination decongestion therapy in hospitalized heart failure: loop diuretics, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists and vasopressin antagonists. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2016; 13:799-809. [PMID: 26106934 DOI: 10.1586/14779072.2015.1053872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Congestion is the most common reason for admissions and readmissions for heart failure (HF). The vast majority of hospitalized HF patients appear to respond readily to loop diuretics, but available data suggest that a significant proportion are being discharged with persistent evidence of congestion. Although novel therapies targeting congestion should continue to be developed, currently available agents may be utilized more optimally to facilitate complete decongestion. The combination of loop diuretics, natriuretic doses of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists and vasopressin antagonists represents a regimen of currently available therapies that affects early and persistent decongestion, while limiting the associated risks of electrolyte disturbances, hemodynamic fluctuations, renal dysfunction and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthiah Vaduganathan
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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46
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Mentz RJ, Hasselblad V, DeVore AD, Metra M, Voors AA, Armstrong PW, Ezekowitz JA, Tang WHW, Schulte PJ, Anstrom KJ, Hernandez AF, Velazquez EJ, O'Connor CM. Torsemide Versus Furosemide in Patients With Acute Heart Failure (from the ASCEND-HF Trial). Am J Cardiol 2016; 117:404-11. [PMID: 26704029 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Furosemide is the most commonly used loop diuretic in patients with heart failure (HF) despite data suggesting potential pharmacologic and antifibrotic benefits with torsemide. We investigated patients with HF in Acute Study of Clinical Effectiveness of Nesiritide in Decompensated Heart Failure who were discharged on either torsemide or furosemide. Using inverse probability weighting to account for the nonrandom selection of diuretic, we assessed the relation between choice of diuretic at discharge with 30-day mortality or HF hospitalization and 180-day mortality. Of 7,141 patients in the trial, 4,177 patients were included in this analysis, of which 87% (n = 3,620) received furosemide and 13% (n = 557) received torsemide. Torsemide-treated patients had lower ejection fraction and blood pressure and higher creatinine and natriuretic peptide level compared with furosemide. Torsemide was associated with similar outcomes on unadjusted analysis and nominally lower events on adjusted analysis (30-day mortality/HF hospitalization odds ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.62 to 1.29, p = 0.55 and 180-day mortality hazard ratio 0.86, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.19, p = 0.37). In conclusion, these data are hypothesis-generating and randomized comparative effectiveness trials are needed to investigate the optimal diuretic choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Mentz
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
| | - Vic Hasselblad
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Adam D DeVore
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Marco Metra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Adriaan A Voors
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paul W Armstrong
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Justin A Ezekowitz
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - W H Wilson Tang
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Phillip J Schulte
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kevin J Anstrom
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Adrian F Hernandez
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Eric J Velazquez
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Christopher M O'Connor
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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47
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Contemporary Treatment of Acute Heart Failure. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 58:367-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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48
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Greene SJ, AlKhawam L, Ambrosy AP, Vaduganathan M, Mentz RJ. Hospitalized Heart Failure in the United States. Heart Fail Clin 2015; 11:591-601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hfc.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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49
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Teixeira A, Parenica J, Park JJ, Ishihara S, AlHabib KF, Laribi S, Maggioni A, Miró Ò, Sato N, Kajimoto K, Cohen-Solal A, Fairman E, Lassus J, Mueller C, Peacock WF, Januzzi JL, Choi DJ, Plaisance P, Spinar J, Mebazaa A, Gayat E. Clinical presentation and outcome by age categories in acute heart failure: results from an international observational cohort. Eur J Heart Fail 2015; 17:1114-23. [DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Teixeira
- Department of Geriatry; Hôpitaux Universitaire Saint Louis - Lariboisière; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris Paris France
- University Paris Diderot; Paris France
- UMR-S 942; INSERM Paris France
| | - Jiri Parenica
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology; University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Jin Joo Park
- Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology/Department of Internal Medicine; Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; South Korea
| | | | - Khalid F. AlHabib
- King Fahad Cardiac Center, Department of Cardiac Sciences, College of Medicine; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Said Laribi
- University Paris Diderot; Paris France
- UMR-S 942; INSERM Paris France
- Emergency Department; Hôpitaux Universitaire Saint Louis - Lariboisière; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris Paris France
| | | | - Òscar Miró
- Emergency Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Emergency Medicine Investigation Group ‘Emergency care: processes and diseases’; IDIBAPS; Barcelona Spain
| | - Naoki Sato
- Nippon Medical School Musashi-Kosugi Hospital; Japan
| | | | - Alain Cohen-Solal
- University Paris Diderot; Paris France
- UMR-S 942; INSERM Paris France
- Department of Cardiology; Hôpitaux Universitaire Saint Louis - Lariboisière; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris Paris France
| | - Enrique Fairman
- Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia; Area de Investigacion SAC Azcuenaga; Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Johan Lassus
- Department of Medicine; Helsinki University Central Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - Christian Mueller
- Department of Internal Medicine; University Hospital; Basel Switzerland
| | | | - James L. Januzzi
- Division of Cardiology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston MA USA
| | - Dong-Ju Choi
- Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology/Department of Internal Medicine; Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; South Korea
| | - Patrick Plaisance
- University Paris Diderot; Paris France
- Emergency Department; Hôpitaux Universitaire Saint Louis - Lariboisière; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris Paris France
| | - Jindrich Spinar
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology; University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Alexandre Mebazaa
- Department of Geriatry; Hôpitaux Universitaire Saint Louis - Lariboisière; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris Paris France
- University Paris Diderot; Paris France
- UMR-S 942; INSERM Paris France
| | - Etienne Gayat
- University Paris Diderot; Paris France
- UMR-S 942; INSERM Paris France
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine; Hôpitaux Universitaire Saint Louis - Lariboisière; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris Paris France
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50
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Mentz RJ, Velazquez EJ, Metra M, McKendry C, Chiswell K, Fiuzat M, Givertz MM, Voors AA, Teerlink JR, O'Connor CM. Comparative effectiveness of torsemide versus furosemide in heart failure patients: insights from the PROTECT trial. Future Cardiol 2015; 11:585-95. [PMID: 26403536 DOI: 10.2217/fca.15.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The authors assessed the comparative effectiveness of torsemide versus furosemide in the PROTECT trial. METHODS The authors assessed the relationship between loop diuretic at discharge and death or cardiovascular/renal hospitalization within 30 days, and death through 150 days postdischarge using inverse probability weighting. RESULTS Out of 1004 patients, 83.5% received furosemide and 16.5% torsemide. Torsemide patients had higher blood urea nitrogen, and more in-hospital worsening heart failure. Following adjustment, torsemide was associated with similar 30-day outcomes compared with furosemide (p = 0.93), but remained associated with increased 150-day death (hazard ratio: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.40-3.66; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Patients treated with torsemide had features of greater disease severity, similar 30-day outcomes but increased 150-day mortality. Prospective randomized trials are needed to investigate the effect of torsemide versus furosemide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Mentz
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, PO Box 17969, Durham, NC 27715, USA
| | - Eric J Velazquez
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, PO Box 17969, Durham, NC 27715, USA
| | - Marco Metra
- University of Brescia, Piazza del Mercato, 15, Brescia BS, Italy
| | - Colleen McKendry
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, PO Box 17969, Durham, NC 27715, USA
| | - Karen Chiswell
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, PO Box 17969, Durham, NC 27715, USA
| | - Mona Fiuzat
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, PO Box 17969, Durham, NC 27715, USA
| | | | | | - John R Teerlink
- University of California at San Francisco (SF) & SF Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Christopher M O'Connor
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, PO Box 17969, Durham, NC 27715, USA
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