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Chen Y, Wang J, An C, Bao S, Zhang C. The role and research progress of macrophages after heart transplantation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33844. [PMID: 39027574 PMCID: PMC11255595 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the 60s of the 20th century, heart transplantation has been the best treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure. Due to the increasing number of patients, how to expand the number of donor organs and enhance immune compatibility has become an urgent problem to be solved at this stage. Although current immunosuppression is effective, its side effects are also quite obvious, such as opportunistic infections and malignant tumors. In this review, we focus on the important role in macrophages after heart transplantation and their potential targets for achieving allogeneic graft tolerance, in order to improve effective graft survival and reduce infection and the occurrence of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - JianPeng Wang
- School of First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng An
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - ShanQing Bao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - ChengXin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
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2
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Amiri M, Kaviari MA, Rostaminasab G, Barimani A, Rezakhani L. A novel cell-free therapy using exosomes in the inner ear regeneration. Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102373. [PMID: 38640600 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Cellular and molecular alterations associated with hearing loss are now better understood with advances in molecular biology. These changes indicate the participation of distinct damage and stress pathways that are unlikely to be fully addressed by conventional pharmaceutical treatment. Sensorineural hearing loss is a common and debilitating condition for which comprehensive pharmacologic intervention is not available. The complex and diverse molecular pathology that underlies hearing loss currently limits our ability to intervene with small molecules. The present review focuses on the potential for the use of extracellular vesicles in otology. It examines a variety of inner ear diseases and hearing loss that may be treatable using exosomes (EXOs). The role of EXOs as carriers for the treatment of diseases related to the inner ear as well as EXOs as biomarkers for the recognition of diseases related to the ear is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Amiri
- Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Kaviari
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Gelavizh Rostaminasab
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Barimani
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Leila Rezakhani
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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3
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Rumpel N, Riechert G, Schumann J. miRNA-Mediated Fine Regulation of TLR-Induced M1 Polarization. Cells 2024; 13:701. [PMID: 38667316 PMCID: PMC11049089 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophage polarization to the M1 spectrum is induced by bacterial cell wall components through stimulation of Toll-like family (TLR) receptors. By orchestrating the expression of relevant mediators of the TLR cascade, as well as associated pathways and feedback loops, macrophage polarization is coordinated to ensure an appropriate immune response. This is central to the successful control of pathogens and the maintenance of health. Macrophage polarization is known to be modulated at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In recent years, the miRNA-based post-transcriptional regulation of M1 polarization has received increasing attention from the scientific community. Comparative studies have shown that TLR stimulation alters the miRNA profile of macrophages and that macrophages from the M1 or the M2 spectrum differ in terms of miRNAs expressed. Simultaneously, miRNAs are considered critical post-transcriptional regulators of macrophage polarization. In particular, miRNAs are thought to play a regulatory role in the switch between the early proinflammatory response and the resolution phase. In this review, we will discuss the current state of knowledge on the complex interaction of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that ultimately determine the functionality of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Julia Schumann
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care, University Medicine Halle (Saale), Franzosenweg 1a, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Sevim C, Tsatsakis A, Taghizadehghalehjoughi A, Ozkaraca M, Kara M, Genc S, Mendil AS, Yeni Y, Nikolouzakis TK, Ozcagli E. Investigation of the miRNA levels changes to acceptable daily intake dose pesticide mixture exposure on rat mesentery and pancreas. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140712. [PMID: 38036224 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Consumers are constantly exposed to a variety of chemical mixtures as part of their everyday activities and lifestyle. Food, water and commercial products are only some examples of the possible ways people get exposed to these mixtures. However, following federal and local guidelines for risk assessment related to chemical exposure, risk analysis focuses on a single substance exposure scenario and not on a mixture, as in real life. Realizing the pronounced gap of this methodology, the real-life risk simulation scenario approach tries to address this problem by investigating the possible effect of long-term exposure to chemical mixtures closely resembling the actual circumstances of modern life. As part of this effort, this study aimed to identify the cumulative effects of pesticides belonging to different classes and commonly used commercial products on long-term exposure with realistic doses. Sprague Dawley rats were given a pesticide mix of active ingredients and formulation chemicals in a daily acceptable dose (ADI) and 10xADI for 90 days. Following thorough everyday documentation of possible side-effects, after 90 days all animals were sacrificed and their organs were examined. Exposure to pesticides particularly affects the miRNA levels at that point will provide us with more information about whether they can be potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Sevim
- Deparment of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kastamonu University , 37200, Kastamonu, Turkey.
| | - Aristides Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Crete University, 71003, Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Ali Taghizadehghalehjoughi
- Deparment of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, 11230, Bilecik, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Ozkaraca
- Deparment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Cumhuriyet University , 58070, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Mehtap Kara
- Deparment of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University , 34116, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Sidika Genc
- Deparment of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, 11230, Bilecik, Turkey.
| | - Ali Sefa Mendil
- Deparment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Erciyes University , 38280, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Yesim Yeni
- Deparment of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Özal University, 44210, Malatya, Turkey.
| | | | - Eren Ozcagli
- Deparment of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University , 34116, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Abdelmaksoud NM, Sallam AAM, Abulsoud AI, El-Dakroury WA, Abdel Mageed SS, Al-Noshokaty TM, Elrebehy MA, Elshaer SS, Mahmoud NA, Fathi D, Rizk NI, Elballal MS, Mohammed OA, Abdel-Reheim MA, Zaki MB, Saber S, Doghish AS. Unraveling the role of miRNAs in the diagnosis, progression, and therapeutic intervention of Alzheimer's disease. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155007. [PMID: 38061270 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifaceted, advancing neurodegenerative illness that is responsible for most cases of neurological impairment and dementia in the aged population. As the disease progresses, affected individuals may experience cognitive decline, linguistic problems, affective instability, and behavioral changes. The intricate nature of AD reflects the altered molecular mechanisms participating in the affected human brain. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miR) are essential for the intricate control of gene expression in neurobiology. miRNAs exert their influence by modulating the transcriptome of brain cells, which typically exhibit substantial genetic activity, encompassing gene transcription and mRNA production. Presently, comprehensive studies are being conducted on AD to identify miRNA-based signatures that are indicative of the disease pathophysiology. These findings can contribute to the advancement of our understanding of the mechanisms underlying this disorder and can inform the development of therapeutic interventions based on miRNA and related RNA molecules. Therefore, this comprehensive review provides a detailed holistic analysis of the latest advances discussing the emerging role of miRNAs in the progression of AD and their possible application as potential biomarkers and targets for therapeutic interventions in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Tohada M Al-Noshokaty
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Naira Ali Mahmoud
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Doaa Fathi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Nehal I Rizk
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni, Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Sameh Saber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
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Banerjee S, Xu W, Doctor A, Driss A, Nezhat C, Sidell N, Taylor RN, Thompson WE, Chowdhury I. TNFα-Induced Altered miRNA Expression Links to NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Endometriosis. Inflammation 2023; 46:2055-2070. [PMID: 37389684 PMCID: PMC10673760 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01862-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common gynecological inflammatory disorder characterized by immune system dysregulation, which is involved in lesion initiation and progression. Studies have demonstrated that several cytokines are associated with the evolution of endometriosis, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). TNFα is a non-glycosylated cytokine protein with potent inflammatory, cytotoxic, and angiogenic potential. In the current study, we examined the ability of TNFα to induce dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) linked to NFkB signaling pathways, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Using RT-qPCR, the expression of several miRNAs was quantified in primary cells derived from eutopic endometrium of endometriosis subjects (EESC) and normal endometrial stromal cells (NESC), and also TNFα-treated NESCs. The phosphorylation of the pro-inflammatory molecule NF-κB and the candidates of the survival pathways PI3K, AKT, and ERK was measured by western blot analysis. The elevated secretion of TNFα in EESCs downregulates the expression level of several miRNAs significantly in EESCs compared to NESCs. Also, treatment of NESCs with exogenous TNFα significantly reduced the expression of miRNAs in a dose-dependent manner to levels similar to EESCs. In addition, TNFα significantly increased the phosphorylation of the PI3K, AKT, ERK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Notably, treatment with curcumin (CUR, diferuloylmethane), an anti-inflammatory polyphenol, significantly increased the expression of dysregulated miRNAs in EESC in a dose-dependent manner. Our findings demonstrate that TNFα is upregulated in EESCs, which subsequently dysregulates the expression of miRNAs, contributing to the pathophysiology of endometriotic cells. CUR effectively inhibits the expression of TNFα, subsequently altering miRNA levels and suppressing the phosphorylation of AKT, ERK, and NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saswati Banerjee
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Aaron Doctor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive Southwest, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Adel Driss
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Ceana Nezhat
- Nezhat Medical Center, 5555 Peachtree Dunwoody Road, Atlanta, GA, 30342, USA
| | - Neil Sidell
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Robert N Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Winston E Thompson
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive Southwest, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Indrajit Chowdhury
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive Southwest, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
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7
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Kang YJ. MicroRNA-22 Regulates the Pro-inflammatory Responses and M1 Polarization of Macrophages by Targeting GLUT1 and 4-1BBL. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:2457006. [PMID: 37469388 PMCID: PMC10352528 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2457006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Many microRNAs (miRNAs) are selectively expressed in mammalian immune cells and have been linked to immune responses in host defense and autoimmune disease. In macrophages, miRNAs regulate cell metabolism by repressing the expression of genes such as transcription factors, enzymes, and metabolism-related molecules, as well as the expression of genes that impact inflammatory responses and phenotype determination. Previous studies showed that miR-22 plays a role in a variety of biological processes, such as cancer cell growth, cell survival, and cell expansion. In CD4 + T cells of inflammatory bowel disease patients, miR-22 is upregulated and regulates inflammasome-mediated responses. However, it has not yet been determined how miR-22 contributes to the activation of innate immune cells. In this study, we identified a mechanism of toll-like receptors- (TLR-) dependent miR-22 induction that regulates the downstream signaling pathway linking inflammatory responses and macrophage polarization. MiR-22 is induced via TLR-signaling, which regulates the induction of Slc2a1 (glucose transporter 1 and Glut1) and Tnfsf9 (tumor necrosis factor 9, 4-1BB ligand, and 4-1BBL) mRNAs that contribute to sustained inflammatory responses and the polarization of macrophages. Our observations support further efforts to explore a potential therapeutic strategy using miR-22 for the modulation of excessive macrophage activation for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jun Kang
- Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, CA 94085, USA
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8
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Banerjee S, Xu W, Doctor A, Driss A, Nezhat C, Sidell N, Taylor RN, Thompson WE, Chowdhury I. TNFα-induced altered miRNA expression links to NF-κB signaling pathway in endometriosis. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2870585. [PMID: 37205467 PMCID: PMC10187425 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2870585/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common gynecological inflammatory disorder characterized by immune system dysregulation, which is involved in lesion initiation and progression. Studies have demonstrated that several cytokines are associated with the evolution of endometriosis, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). TNFα is a non-glycosylated cytokine protein with potent inflammatory, cytotoxic, and angiogenic potential. In the current study, we examined the ability of TNFα to induce dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) linked to NFkB-signaling pathways, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Using RT-QPCR, the expression of several miRNAs were quantified in primary cells derived from eutopic endometrium of endometriosis subjects (EESC) and normal endometrial stromal cells (NESC) and also TNFα treated NESCs. The phosphorylation of the pro-inflammatory molecule NF-κB and the candidates of the survival pathways PI3K, AKT and ERK was measured by westernblot analysis. The elevated secretion of TNFα in EESCs downregulates the expression level of several miRNAs significantly (p < 0.05) in EESCs compared to NESC. Also treatment of NESCs with exogenous TNFα significantly reduced the expression of miRNAs in a dose-dependent manner to levels similar to EESCs. In addition, TNFα significantly increased the phosphorylation of the PI3K, AKT, ERK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Notably, treatment with curcumin (CUR, diferuloylmethane), an anti-inflammatory polyphenol, significantly increased the expression of dysregulated miRNAs in EESC in a dose-dependent manner. Our findings demonstrate that TNFα is upregulated in EESCs, which subsequently dysregulates the expression of miRNAs, contributing to the pathophysiology of endometriotic cells. CUR effectively inhibits the expression of TNFα, subsequently altering miRNA levels and suppresses the phosphorylation of AKT, ERK, and NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei Xu
- Morehouse School of Medicine
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9
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Wang S, Hu M, Song D, Tang L, Jiang H. Research progress on the role and mechanism of miR-671 in bone metabolism and bone-related diseases. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1018308. [PMID: 36713572 PMCID: PMC9876598 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1018308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metabolism consists of bone formation and resorption and maintains a dynamic balance in vivo. When bone homeostasis is broken, it can manifest as osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteosarcoma (OS), etc. MiR-671, an important class of non-coding nucleotide sequences in vivo, is regulated by lncRNA and regulates bone metabolism balance by regulating downstream target proteins and activating various signaling pathways. Based on the structure and primary function of miR-671, this paper summarizes the effect and mechanism of miR-671 in bone-related inflammation and cancer diseases, and prospects the application possibility of miR-671, providing reference information for targeted therapy of bone-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaotai Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Min Hu, ; Huan Jiang,
| | - Dongsheng Song
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, China
| | - Linjun Tang
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huan Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Min Hu, ; Huan Jiang,
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Hao F, Shan C, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Jia Z. Exosomes Derived from microRNA-21 Overexpressing Neural Progenitor Cells Prevent Hearing Loss from Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice via Inhibiting the Inflammatory Process in the Cochlea. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2464-2472. [PMID: 35939349 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Both exosomes derived from neural progenitor cells (NPCs) can suppress inflammation. Whether exosomes derived from miR-21-transfected NPCs (miR-21-Exo) could be utilized to alleviate hearing loss is investigated. NPCs were transfected with lentiviral vectors overexpressing miR-21, and miR-21-Exo was purified. Morphology and exosome membrane markers were examined with nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and Western blot. After incubation with different concentrations of miR-21-Exo, the viability of RAW 264.7 cells and the relative expressions of miR-21 and IL-10 were determined. The ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) model of C57BL/6 J mice was constructed, and the treatment benefit of miR-21-Exo was revealed by the auditory brainstem response (ABR) test. Immunofluorescence staining of caspase-3 and parvalbumin was used to detect apoptosis hair cells in the cochlea, and Western blot was utilized to detect the relative expressions of P53 and inflammatory cytokines in the cochlea. Isolated exosomes were confirmed by the size of 96 ± 25 nm, single membrane, and positive expression of CD9 and Tsg101. Upregulated miR-21 expression was detected in miR-21-transfected NPCs and miR-21-Exo. miR-21-Exo incubation demonstrated no cytotoxicity but upregulated miR-21 and IL-10 expressions in RAW 264.7 cells. The administration of miR-21-Exo inhibited the increased ABR threshold under 8, 16, and 32 kHz frequencies in cochlea-I/R injury mice and diminished the mean fluorescent intensity of caspase-3/parvalbumin. Moreover, miR-21-Exo treatment increased the IL-10 expression and prevented the increased TNF-α and IL-1β expressions in the cochlea of I/R mice both in mRNA and protein levels. Inner ear administration of miR-21-Exo effectively improved hearing damage caused by I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Hao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050004, Hebei, China
| | - Chunguang Shan
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050004, Hebei, China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050004, Hebei, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050004, Hebei, China
| | - Zhanwei Jia
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050004, Hebei, China
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Abdallah A, Tekin A, Oztanir MN, Süsgün S, Yabacı A, Çınar İ, Can E, Tokar S, Akbaş F, Seyithanoğlu MH. Effects of Methylprednisolone in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injuries by Evaluation of microRNA-21: An Experimental Study. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2022; 84:240-246. [PMID: 35439827 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1743552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most complicated pathologies that affect active young males. miR-21 primarily regulates several cellular processes. We aimed to elucidate the regulatory role of miR-21 and test methylprednisolone as a disease-modifying agent on experimental SCI tissues. METHODS A total of 36 8- to 10-week-old adult female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250 to 300 g were used. Animals were randomly divided into six groups. Except for groups 1 and 4, the spinal trauma model was applied to all animal groups using the clipping method. In groups 3 and 6, methylprednisolone was given. For real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) investigations, rats in groups 1, 2, and 3 were reoperated on after the first postoperative day, whereas those in groups 4, 5, and 6 were reoperated on after postoperative day 7 and spinal cord samples from the laminectomy area were removed for gene expression analysis. Relative gene expression of miR-21, Gfap, Vim, Stat3, Faslg, Pten, Bax, Bcl2, Cox2, and Il6 were determined with quantitative reverse transcription (qRT) PCR. RESULTS In group 3, the miR-21 expression significantly increased compared with groups 1 and 2. When compared with group 3, a decrease in miR-21 expression was observed in group 6 (p < 0.05). When compared with group 4, group 6 had lower levels of Gfap, Pten, Stat3, and Bax (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS miR-21 supports the beneficial aspects of the body's healing mechanisms following SCI. In the acute phase, the use of methylprednisolone increases miR-21 expression in the early period of trauma. Methylprednisolone increases some astrogliosis and inflammation biomarkers' levels; however, it did not affect the apoptotic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas Abdallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osmaniye State Hospital, Merkez-Osmaniye, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahim Tekin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul Medipol University, Çamlıca Hospital, Üsküdar-Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Seda Süsgün
- Department of Medical Biology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Yabacı
- Department of Biostatistics, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İrfan Çınar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aile Hospital, Bahçelievler-Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Engin Can
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sadık Tokar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fahri Akbaş
- Department of Medical Biology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
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12
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Inducible MicroRNA-132 Inhibits the Production of Inflammatory Cytokines by Targeting TRAF6, TAK1, and TAB1 in Teleost Fish. Infect Immun 2022; 90:e0012022. [PMID: 35416706 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00120-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune response is the first line of defense against pathogen infection. Eradication of pathogen infection requires appropriate immune and inflammatory responses, but excessive inflammation may cause inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small noncoding RNAs, and accumulating evidence has shown that in mammals, they can act as negative regulators that participate in the regulation of inflammation and immune responses. However, the miRNA-mediated immune regulation networks in the inflammatory responses of lower vertebrates are largely unknown. In this study, we report an miRNA, miR-132, identified from miiuy croaker, that acts as a negative regulator in the host's bacterium-induced inflammatory response. We found that miR-132 expression was dramatically increased upon infection by the Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio harveyi and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Inducible miR-132 inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines by targeting tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), transforming growth factor-activated protein kinase 1 (TAK1), and TAK1 binding protein 1 (TAB1), thus avoiding an excessive inflammatory response. Furthermore, we demonstrate that miR-132 modulates the inflammatory response through a TRAF6-, TAK1-, and TAB1-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway. These results collectively reveal that miR-132 plays a negative regulatory role in the host antibacterial immune response, which will help to gain insight into the intricate network of host resistance to pathogen infection in lower vertebrates.
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13
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Magner E, Sandoval-Sanchez P, Kramer AC, Thummel R, Hitchcock PF, Taylor SM. Disruption of miR-18a Alters Proliferation, Photoreceptor Replacement Kinetics, Inflammatory Signaling, and Microglia/Macrophage Numbers During Retinal Regeneration in Zebrafish. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:2910-2931. [PMID: 35246819 PMCID: PMC9018604 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02783-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, photoreceptor loss causes permanent blindness, but in zebrafish (Danio rerio), photoreceptor loss reprograms Müller glia to function as stem cells, producing progenitors that regenerate photoreceptors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate CNS neurogenesis, but the roles of miRNAs in injury-induced neuronal regeneration are largely unknown. In the embryonic zebrafish retina, miR-18a regulates photoreceptor differentiation. The purpose of the current study was to determine, in zebrafish, the function of miR-18a during injury-induced photoreceptor regeneration. RT-qPCR, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry showed that miR-18a expression increases throughout the retina between 1 and 5 days post-injury (dpi). To test miR-18a function during photoreceptor regeneration, we used homozygous miR-18a mutants (miR-18ami5012), and knocked down miR-18a with morpholino oligonucleotides. During photoreceptor regeneration, miR-18ami5012 retinas have fewer mature photoreceptors than WT at 7 and 10 dpi, but there is no difference at 14 dpi, indicating that photoreceptor regeneration is delayed. Labeling dividing cells with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) showed that at 7 and 10 dpi, there are excess dividing progenitors in both mutants and morphants, indicating that miR-18a negatively regulates injury-induced proliferation. Tracing 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) and BrdU-labeled cells showed that in miR-18ami5012 retinas excess progenitors migrate to other retinal layers in addition to the photoreceptor layer. Inflammation is critical for photoreceptor regeneration, and RT-qPCR showed that in miR-18ami5012 retinas, inflammatory gene expression and microglia activation are prolonged. Suppressing inflammation with dexamethasone rescues the miR-18ami5012 phenotype. Together, these data show that in the injured zebrafish retina, disruption of miR-18a alters proliferation, inflammation, the microglia/macrophage response, and the timing of photoreceptor regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evin Magner
- Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Pamela Sandoval-Sanchez
- Department of Biology, University of West Florida, 11000 University Parkway, Pensacola, FL, 32514, USA
| | - Ashley C Kramer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Ryan Thummel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Peter F Hitchcock
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Scott M Taylor
- Department of Biology, University of West Florida, 11000 University Parkway, Pensacola, FL, 32514, USA.
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14
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Arderiu G, Peña E, Civit-Urgell A, Badimon L. Endothelium-Released Microvesicles Transport miR-126 That Induces Proangiogenic Reprogramming in Monocytes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:836662. [PMID: 35251029 PMCID: PMC8894588 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.836662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently shown that in ischemic tissue, the hypoxic endothelial cells (EC) release extracellular microvesicles (EMVs) that are rich in tissue factor (TF). These TF-EMVs induce monocyte (Mo) homing to the ischemic zone, their differentiation into EC-like cells, and the formation of new blood vessels increasing tissue perfusion. In addition to membrane proteins, EMVs contain noncoding RNAs that can modulate cellular signaling pathways in the recipient cells. Here, we have investigated whether miRNA contained into secreted EMVs may be transferred into Mo where they could modulate EC-like cell differentiation and angiogenic responses. Our results indicated that EMVs released from activated ECs contain high levels of miR-126 and that the levels are directly proportional to TF expression in EMVs. Interestingly, miR-126 is transferred to Mo when they are incubated with TF-EMVs. Increased levels of miR-126 in Mo do not promote EC-like cell differentiation but regulate angiogenesis by targeting several components of the VEGF pathway, as SPRED1 and PI3KR2. Our findings reveal that activated ECs secrete EMVs carrying miR-126, which can modulate Mo reprogramming of angiogenic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Arderiu
- Cardiovascular-Program, Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber CV, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Gemma Arderiu, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-8598-4106
| | - Esther Peña
- Cardiovascular-Program, Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber CV, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Civit-Urgell
- Cardiovascular-Program, Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular-Program, Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber CV, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Hu Y, Wang Y, Chen T, Hao Z, Cai L, Li J. Exosome: Function and Application in Inflammatory Bone Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6324912. [PMID: 34504641 PMCID: PMC8423581 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6324912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In the skeletal system, inflammation is closely associated with many skeletal disorders, including periprosthetic osteolysis (bone loss around orthopedic implants), osteoporosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. These diseases, referred to as inflammatory bone diseases, are caused by various oxidative stress factors in the body, resulting in long-term chronic inflammatory processes and eventually causing disturbances in bone metabolism, increased osteoclast activity, and decreased osteoblast activity, thereby leading to osteolysis. Inflammatory bone diseases caused by nonbacterial factors include inflammation- and bone resorption-related processes. A growing number of studies show that exosomes play an essential role in developing and progressing inflammatory bone diseases. Mechanistically, exosomes are involved in the onset and progression of inflammatory bone disease and promote inflammatory osteolysis, but specific types of exosomes are also involved in inhibiting this process. Exosomal regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway affects macrophage polarization and regulates inflammatory responses. The inflammatory response further causes alterations in cytokine and exosome secretion. These signals regulate osteoclast differentiation through the receptor activator of the nuclear factor-kappaB ligand pathway and affect osteoblast activity through the Wnt pathway and the transcription factor Runx2, thereby influencing bone metabolism. Overall, enhanced bone resorption dominates the overall mechanism, and over time, this imbalance leads to chronic osteolysis. Understanding the role of exosomes may provide new perspectives on their influence on bone metabolism in inflammatory bone diseases. At the same time, exosomes have a promising future in diagnosing and treating inflammatory bone disease due to their unique properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingkun Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianhong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuowen Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingfeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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16
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Tavakoli S, Gholami M, Ghorban K, Nojoumi F, Faghihloo E, Dadmanesh M, Rouzbahani NH. Transcriptional regulation of T-bet, GATA3, ROR<gamma>T, HERV-K env, Syncytin-1, microRNA-9, 192 and 205 induced by nisin in colorectal cancer cell lines (SW480, HCT116) and human peripheral blood mononuclear cell. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Jean-Toussaint R, Lin Z, Tian Y, Gupta R, Pande R, Luo X, Hu H, Sacan A, Ajit SK. Therapeutic and prophylactic effects of macrophage-derived small extracellular vesicles in the attenuation of inflammatory pain. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 94:210-224. [PMID: 33607232 PMCID: PMC8058272 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from antigen-presenting cells such as macrophages can induce therapeutically relevant immune responses. Anti-inflammatory miRNAs are elevated in sEVs secreted by RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. We observed uptake of these sEVs by primary mouse cortical neurons, microglia and astrocytes followed by downregulation of proinflammatory miRNA target genes in recipient cells. Pre-treating primary microglia with these sEVs decreased pro-inflammatory gene expression. A single intrathecal injection of sEVs derived from LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells attenuated mechanical hyperalgesia in the complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) mouse model of inflammatory pain and formalin induced acute pain. Importantly, sEVs did not alter the normal pain threshold in control mice. RNA sequencing of dorsal horn of the spinal cord showed sEVs-induced modulation of immune regulatory pathways. Further, a single prophylactic intrathecal injection of sEVs two weeks prior, attenuated CFA-induced pain hypersensitivity and was ineffective in formalin model. This indicates that prophylactic sEVs administration can be beneficial in attenuating chronic pain without impacting responses to the protective physiological and acute inflammatory pain. Prophylactic administration of sEVs could form the basis for a safe and novel vaccine-like therapy for chronic pain or as an adjuvant, potentially reducing the dose of drugs needed for pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée Jean-Toussaint
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Zhucheng Lin
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Yuzhen Tian
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Richa Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Richa Pande
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; Microbiology and Immunology Graduate Program, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Xuan Luo
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Huijuan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Ahmet Sacan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science & Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Seena K Ajit
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.
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18
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MicroRNAs in shaping the resolution phase of inflammation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 124:48-62. [PMID: 33934990 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a host defense mechanism orchestrated through imperative factors - acute inflammatory responses mediated by cellular and molecular events leading to activation of defensive immune subsets - to marginalize detrimental injury, pathogenic agents and infected cells. These potent inflammatory events, if uncontrolled, may cause tissue damage by perturbing homeostasis towards immune dysregulation. A parallel host mechanism operates to contain inflammatory pathways and facilitate tissue regeneration. Thus, resolution of inflammation is an effective moratorium on the pro-inflammatory pathway to avoid the tissue damage inside the host and leads to reestablishment of tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of the resolution pathway can have a detrimental impact on tissue functionality and contribute to the diseased state. Multiple reports have suggested peculiar dynamics of miRNA expression during various pro- and anti-inflammatory events. The roles of miRNAs in the regulation of immune responses are well-established. However, understanding of miRNA regulation of the resolution phase of events in infection or wound healing models, which is sometimes misconstrued as anti-inflammatory signaling, remains limited. Due to the deterministic role of miRNAs in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways, in this review we have provided a broad perspective on the putative role of miRNAs in the resolution of inflammation and explored their imminent role in therapeutics.
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19
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Gut microbiota-microRNA interactions in ankylosing spondylitis. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 20:102827. [PMID: 33864943 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disability that is part of the rheumatic disease group of spondyloarthropathies. AS commonly influences the joints of the axial skeleton. The contributions to AS pathogenesis of genetic susceptibility (particularly HLA-B27 and ERAP-1) and epigenetic modifications, like non-coding RNAs, as well as environmental factors, have been investigated over the last few years. But the fundamental etiology of AS remains elusive to date. The evidence summarized here indicates that in the immunopathogenesis of AS, microRNAs and the gut microbiome perform critical functions. We discuss significant advances in the immunological mechanisms underlying AS and address potential cross-talk between the gut microbiome and host microRNAs. This critical interaction implicates a co-evolutionary symbiotic link between host immunity and the gut microbiome.
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20
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MicroRNA Interference in Hepatic Host-Pathogen Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073554. [PMID: 33808062 PMCID: PMC8036276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is well recognized as a non-immunological visceral organ that is involved in various metabolic activities, nutrient storage, and detoxification. Recently, many studies have demonstrated that resident immune cells in the liver drive various immunological reactions by means of several molecular modulators. Understanding the mechanistic details of interactions between hepatic host immune cells, including Kupffer cells and lymphocytes, and various hepatic pathogens, especially viruses, bacteria, and parasites, is necessary. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), over 2600 of which have been discovered, are small, endogenous, interfering, noncoding RNAs that are predicted to regulate more than 15,000 genes by degrading specific messenger RNAs. Several recent studies have demonstrated that some miRNAs are associated with the immune response to pathogens in the liver. However, the details of the underlying mechanisms of miRNA interference in hepatic host-pathogen interactions still remain elusive. In this review, we summarize the relationship between the immunological interactions of various pathogens and hepatic resident immune cells, as well as the role of miRNAs in the maintenance of liver immunity against pathogens.
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21
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Liu GJ, Tao T, Zhang XS, Lu Y, Wu LY, Gao YY, Wang H, Dai HB, Zhou Y, Zhuang Z, Hang CH, Li W. Resolvin D1 Attenuates Innate Immune Reactions in Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Rat Model. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:1963-1977. [PMID: 33411245 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02237-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Excessive inflammation is a major cause contributing to early brain injury (EBI) and is associated with negative or catastrophic outcomes of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Resolvin D1 (RvD1) exerts strong anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects on either acute or chronic inflammation of various origin. Henceforth, we hypothesized that RvD1 potentially attenuates excessive inflammation in EBI following SAH. Therefore, we generated a filament perforation SAH model and administered 3 different doses (0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 nmol) of RvD1 after experimental SAH. Neurological scores, brain edema, and blood-brain barrier integrity were evaluated; besides, neutrophil infiltration, neuronal deaths, and microglial pro-inflammatory polarization were observed using histopathology or immunofluorescence staining, western blots, and qPCR. After confirming the effectiveness of RvD1 in SAH, we administered the FPR2-specific antagonist Trp-Arg-Trp-Trp-Trp-Trp-NH2 (WRW4) 30 min before SAH establishment to observe whether this compound could abolish the anti-inflammatory effect of RvD1. Altogether, our results showed that RvD1 exerted a strong anti-inflammatory effect and markedly reduced neutrophil infiltration and microglial pro-inflammatory activation, leading to remarkable improvements in neurological function and brain tissue restoration. After addition of WRW4, the anti-inflammatory effects of RvD1 were abolished. These results indicated that RvD1 could exert a good anti-inflammatory effect and alleviate EBI, which suggested that RvD1 might be a novel therapeutic alternative for SAH-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Jie Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang-Sheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling-Yun Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong-Yue Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern Medical University (Guangzhou), Nanjing, China
| | - Hai-Bin Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Zong Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Hua Hang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
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22
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Tazi J, Begon-Pescia C, Campos N, Apolit C, Garcel A, Scherrer D. Specific and selective induction of miR-124 in immune cells by the quinoline ABX464: a transformative therapy for inflammatory diseases. Drug Discov Today 2020; 26:1030-1039. [PMID: 33387693 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases are believed to develop as a result of dysregulated inflammatory responses to environmental factors on susceptible genetic backgrounds. Operating at the level of post-transcriptional gene regulation, miRNAs are a class of endogenous, small noncoding RNAs that can promote downregulation of protein expression by translational repression and/or mRNA degradation of target mRNAs involved in inflammation. MiR-124 is a crucial modulator of inflammation and innate immunity that could provide therapeutic restitution of physiological pathways lost in inflammatory diseases. A recently discovered small quinoline, ABX464, was shown to upregulate miR-124 in human immune cells. In vivo, in a proof-of-concept clinical study, ABX464 showed robust and consistent efficacy in ulcerative colitis (UC). In this review, we examine the current therapeutic options proposed for UC and discuss the drug candidate ABX464 in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Tazi
- Cooperative Laboratory CNRS-Montpellier University, Montpellier, France; ABIVAX, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France.
| | | | - Noëlie Campos
- Cooperative Laboratory CNRS-Montpellier University, Montpellier, France; ABIVAX, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Cécile Apolit
- Cooperative Laboratory CNRS-Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Aude Garcel
- Cooperative Laboratory CNRS-Montpellier University, Montpellier, France; ABIVAX, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Didier Scherrer
- Cooperative Laboratory CNRS-Montpellier University, Montpellier, France; ABIVAX, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
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23
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Neamah WH, Busbee PB, Alghetaa H, Abdulla OA, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti P. AhR Activation Leads to Alterations in the Gut Microbiome with Consequent Effect on Induction of Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells in a CXCR2-Dependent Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249613. [PMID: 33348596 PMCID: PMC7767008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a potent ligand for AhR and a known carcinogen. While AhR activation by TCDD leads to significant immunosuppression, how this translates into carcinogenic signal is unclear. Recently, we demonstrated that activation of AhR by TCDD in naïve C57BL6 mice leads to massive induction of myeloid derived-suppressor cells (MDSCs). In the current study, we investigated the role of the gut microbiota in TCDD-mediated MDSC induction. TCDD caused significant alterations in the gut microbiome, such as increases in Prevotella and Lactobacillus, while decreasing Sutterella and Bacteroides. Fecal transplants from TCDD-treated donor mice into antibiotic-treated mice induced MDSCs and increased regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Injecting TCDD directly into antibiotic-treated mice also induced MDSCs, although to a lesser extent. These data suggested that TCDD-induced dysbiosis plays a critical role in MDSC induction. Interestingly, treatment with TCDD led to induction of MDSCs in the colon and undetectable levels of cysteine. MDSCs suppressed T cell proliferation while reconstitution with cysteine restored this response. Lastly, blocking CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) impeded TCDD-mediated MDSC induction. Our data demonstrate that AhR activation by TCDD triggers dysbiosis which, in turn, regulates, at least in part, induction of MDSCs.
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24
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Zhang L, Zhao J, Zhai Z, Liang L, Liang R, Cui S. Cellular microRNA, miR-1343-5p, modulates IFN-I responses to facilitate feline panleukopenia virus replication by directly targeting IRAK1 gene. Vet Microbiol 2020; 245:108691. [PMID: 32456817 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Feline panleukopenia is an acute, highly contagious, and fatal infectious disease caused by feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) and has led to severe consequences on pets, economically important animals, and the wildlife industry. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play significant roles in the host-pathogen interaction by modulating cellular factors expression which are essential for viral replication or host innate immune response to infection. However, the role of host miRNA response in FPV infection remains to be discovered. In this study, we screened nine host miRNAs associated with FPV infection that were previously implicated in innate immunity or antiviral functions. We found that miR-1343-5p overexpression strongly promoted FPV-BJ04 genomic DNA. Subsequently, the expression of host miR-1343-5p was upregulated by FPV-BJ04 infection in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we demonstrated that miR-1343-5p was a negative regulator of the IFN-I signaling pathway, thereby promoting FPV infection. Bioinformatic analysis combined with molecular biological assay indicated that interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) is a putative target of miR-1343-5p. Collectively, our findings emphasize the importance of miR-1343-5p in host defense against FPV, thus, enhancing our understanding of its pathogenic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jingjie Zhao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhian Zhai
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lin Liang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ruiying Liang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Shangjin Cui
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Liu GJ, Zhang QR, Gao X, Wang H, Tao T, Gao YY, Zhou Y, Chen XX, Li W, Hang CH. MiR-146a Ameliorates Hemoglobin-Induced Microglial Inflammatory Response via TLR4/IRAK1/TRAF6 Associated Pathways. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:311. [PMID: 32317924 PMCID: PMC7147172 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglial activation and sustained inflammation in the brain can lead to neuronal damage. Hence, limiting microglial activation and brain inflammation is a good therapeutic strategy for inflammatory-associated central nervous disease. MiR-146a is a promising therapeutic microRNA, since it can negatively regulate the inflammatory response. We thus investigated the expression changes of miR-146a after experimental induction of a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in vivo and in vitro, and we assessed the anti-inflammatory effects of miR-146a in microglial cells in vitro. Primary microglial cells were preincubated with miR-146a before hemoglobin (Hb) treatment. The results indicated that miR-146a decreased gene expression of Hb-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) and phenotype-related genes (iNOS and CD86) through IRAK1/TRAF6/NF-κB or MAPK signaling pathways, suggesting its pro-resolution activity in microglia. However, contrary to the LPS-induced microglia or macrophage activation model, we did not observe an elevation in miR-146a after activation. Overall, our findings demonstrated that miR-146a was involved in the regulation of brain inflammation and could be considered a novel therapeutic agent for treating brain inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Jie Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing-Rong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuan Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern Medical University (Guangzhou), Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong-Yue Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang-Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Hua Hang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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26
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Lin T, Guo H, Chen X. Pentraxin 3 Regulates miR-21 Expression and Secretion in Brown Adipocytes During Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:323-332. [PMID: 31898407 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigates the role of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) in the regulation of inflammatory homeostasis involving anti-inflammatory miR-21 during lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in adipocytes. METHODS Using PTX3 knockout (PTX3 KO) mouse and primary stromal vascular cell models, this study determined the effect of PTX3 deficiency on the expression and secretion of miR-21 in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and brown adipocytes as well as the rescue effect of recombinant PTX3 on miR-21 during LPS-induced inflammation. RESULTS Among three fat depots, BAT was the major tissue and fully differentiated brown adipocytes were the major cells that expressed miRNA-processing enzymes and produced miRNA. Moreover, brown adipocytes, but not stromal vascular cells, were the LPS-responsive cells in miR-21 production. PTX3 deficiency attenuated LPS-stimulated upregulation of miR-21 in sera and BAT. In wild-type brown adipocytes, LPS stimulation significantly upregulated cellular miR-21. Interestingly, this stimulatory effect of LPS was attenuated, and cellular and secreted miR-21 levels were reduced in PTX3 KO cells upon LPS stimulation. Treatment of recombinant PTX3 reversed the cellular and secreted levels of miR-21 and attenuated an LPS-stimulated increase in the expression of Tnf-α and Mcp1 genes in PTX3 KO adipocytes. CONCLUSIONS PTX3 plays an anti-inflammatory role, in part through regulating miR-21 expression and secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teyueh Lin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hong Guo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
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27
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Chandan K, Gupta M, Sarwat M. Role of Host and Pathogen-Derived MicroRNAs in Immune Regulation During Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3081. [PMID: 32038627 PMCID: PMC6992578 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are short, endogenously initiated, non-coding RNAs that bind to target mRNAs, leading to the degradation or translational suppression of respective mRNAs. They have been reported as key players in physiological processes like differentiation, cellular proliferation, development, and apoptosis. They have gained importance as gene expression regulators in the immune system. They control antibody production and release various inflammatory mediators. Abnormal expression and functioning of miRNA in the immune system is linked to various diseases like inflammatory disorders, allergic diseases, cancers etc. As compared to the average human genome, miRNA targets the genes of immune system quite differently. miRNA appeared to regulate the responses related to both acquired and innate immunity of the humans. Several miRNAs importantly regulate the transcription and even, dysregulation of inflammation-related mediators. Many miRNAs are either upregulated or downregulated in various inflammatory and infectious diseases. Hence, modifying or targeting the expression of miRNAs might serve as a novel strategy for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of various inflammatory and infectious conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maryam Sarwat
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, India
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28
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王 子. Bioinformatics Study of Differentially Expressed Genes microRNA Regulatory Network in Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2020. [DOI: 10.12677/biphy.2020.84004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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29
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Li HD, Du XS, Huang HM, Chen X, Yang Y, Huang C, Meng XM, Li J. Noncoding RNAs in alcoholic liver disease. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14709-14720. [PMID: 30701547 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a complex process with high morbitity and can cause liver dysfunction, which contains a wide spectrum of hepatic lesions, including steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma. To date, the molecular mechanisms for ALD have not been fully explored and an effective therapy is still missing. Overwhelming evidence shows dysregulation of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), is correlated with etiopathogenesis and progress of ALD including hepatocyte damage, disrupted lipid metabolism, aggressive inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, programmed cell death, fibrosis, and epigenetic changes induced by alcohol. For example, circulating miRNA-122 is a marker of hepatocyte damage, and miRNA-155 is a potential marker of inflammation, indicating their diagnosis therapeutic potential in ALD. In addition, roles for long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs in ALD are being uncovered. Further, circulating ncRNAs and exosome-derived ncRNAs have attracted more attention lately, suggesting a role in the prevention and treatment of ALD. This review covers the roles of ncRNAs in ALD, and the potential uses as markers for diagnosis and therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Di Li
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Sa Du
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui-Min Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xin Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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30
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Chu Q, Yan X, Liu L, Xu T. The Inducible microRNA-21 Negatively Modulates the Inflammatory Response in Teleost Fish via Targeting IRAK4. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1623. [PMID: 31379828 PMCID: PMC6648887 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Eradication of bacterial infection requires timely and appropriate immune and inflammatory responses, but excessive induction of inflammatory cytokines can cause acute or chronic inflammatory disorders. Thus, various layers of negative regulators and mechanisms are needed to ensure maintenance of the homeostasis for the immune system. miRNAs are a family of small non-coding RNAs that emerged as significant and versatile regulators involved in regulation of immune responses. Recently, the molecular mechanisms of miRNA in host-pathogen interaction networks have been extensively studied in mammals, whereas the underlying regulatory mechanisms in fish are still poorly understood. In this study, we identify miR-21 as a negative regulator of the teleost inflammatory response. We found that lipopolysaccharide and Vibrio anguillarum significantly upregulated the expression of fish miR-21. Upregulated miR-21 suppresses LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine expression by targeting IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), thereby avoiding excessive inflammatory responses. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-21 regulates inflammatory responses through NF-κB signaling pathways. The collective findings indicate that miR-21 plays a regulatory role in host-pathogen interactions through IRAK4-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chu
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Yan
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianjun Xu
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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31
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Mitchell R, Mellows B, Sheard J, Antonioli M, Kretz O, Chambers D, Zeuner MT, Tomkins JE, Denecke B, Musante L, Joch B, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Holthofer H, Ray S, Huber TB, Dengjel J, De Coppi P, Widera D, Patel K. Secretome of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells promotes skeletal muscle regeneration through synergistic action of extracellular vesicle cargo and soluble proteins. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:116. [PMID: 30953537 PMCID: PMC6451311 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1213-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms underpinning the regenerative capabilities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were originally thought to reside in their ability to recognise damaged tissue and to differentiate into specific cell types that would replace defective cells. However, recent work has shown that molecules produced by MSCs (secretome), particularly those packaged in extracellular vesicles (EVs), rather than the cells themselves are responsible for tissue repair. METHODS Here we have produced a secretome from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC) that is free of exogenous molecules by incubation within a saline solution. Various in vitro models were used to evaluate the effects of the secretome on cellular processes that promote tissue regeneration. A cardiotoxin-induced skeletal muscle injury model was used to test the regenerative effects of the whole secretome or isolated extracellular vesicle fraction in vivo. This was followed by bioinformatic analysis of the components of the protein and miRNA content of the secretome and finally compared to a secretome generated from a secondary stem cell source. RESULTS Here we have demonstrated that the secretome from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells shows robust effects on cellular processes that promote tissue regeneration. Furthermore, we show that the whole ADSC secretome is capable of enhancing the rate of skeletal muscle regeneration following acute damage. We assessed the efficacy of the total secretome compared with the extracellular vesicle fraction on a number of assays that inform on tissue regeneration and demonstrate that both fractions affect different aspects of the process in vitro and in vivo. Our in vitro, in vivo, and bioinformatic results show that factors that promote regeneration are distributed both within extracellular vesicles and the soluble fraction of the secretome. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our study implies that extracellular vesicles and soluble molecules within ADSC secretome act in a synergistic manner to promote muscle generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Ben Mellows
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Jonathan Sheard
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- Sheard BioTech Ltd, 20-22 Wenlock Road, London, N1 7GU UK
| | | | - Oliver Kretz
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Renal Division, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - David Chambers
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Marie-Theres Zeuner
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - James E. Tomkins
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Bernd Denecke
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Luca Musante
- Centre for Bioanalytical Sciences (CBAS), Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Barbara Joch
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Harry Holthofer
- Centre for Bioanalytical Sciences (CBAS), Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Steve Ray
- Micregen, Alderley Edge, Manchester, UK
| | - Tobias B. Huber
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Renal Division, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies and Centre for Systems Biology (ZBSA), Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joern Dengjel
- FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Darius Widera
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Ketan Patel
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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32
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Rojas A, Araya P, Romero J, Delgado-López F, Gonzalez I, Añazco C, Perez-Castro R. Skewed Signaling through the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-Products Alters the Proinflammatory Profile of Tumor-Associated Macrophages. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT SOCIETY 2018; 11:97-105. [PMID: 30091031 PMCID: PMC6250617 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-018-0214-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumors are complex tissues composed of variable amounts of both non-cellular components (matrix proteins) and a multitude of stromal cell types, which are under an active cross-talk with tumor cells. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the major leukocyte population among the tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Once they are infiltrated into tumor stroma they undergo a polarized activation, where the M1 and M2 phenotypes represent the two extreme of the polarization heterogeneity spectrum. It is known that TAMs acquire a specific phenotype (M2), oriented toward tumor growth, angiogenesis and immune-suppression. A growing body of evidences supports the presence of tuning mechanisms in order to skew or restraint the inflammatory response of TAMs and thus forces them to function as active tumor-promoting immune cells. The receptor of advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is a member of the immunoglobulin protein family of cell surface molecules, being activated by several danger signals and thus signaling to promote the production of many pro-inflammatory molecules. Interestingly, this receptor is paradoxically expressed in both M1 and M2 macrophages phenotypes. This review addresses how RAGE signaling has been drifted away in M2 macrophages, and thus taking advantage of the abundance of RAGE ligands at tumor microenvironment, particularly HMGB1, to reinforce the supportive M2 macrophages strategy to support tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Rojas
- Biomedical Research Labs., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, 3605 San Miguel Ave, Talca, Chile.
| | - Paulina Araya
- Biomedical Research Labs., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, 3605 San Miguel Ave, Talca, Chile
| | - Jacqueline Romero
- Biomedical Research Labs., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, 3605 San Miguel Ave, Talca, Chile
| | - Fernando Delgado-López
- Biomedical Research Labs., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, 3605 San Miguel Ave, Talca, Chile
| | - Ileana Gonzalez
- Biomedical Research Labs., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, 3605 San Miguel Ave, Talca, Chile
| | - Carolina Añazco
- Biomedical Research Labs., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, 3605 San Miguel Ave, Talca, Chile
| | - Ramon Perez-Castro
- Biomedical Research Labs., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, 3605 San Miguel Ave, Talca, Chile
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MiR-146a induction by cyanobacterial lipopolysaccharide antagonist (CyP) mediates endotoxin cross-tolerance. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11367. [PMID: 30054544 PMCID: PMC6063882 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29820-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Endotoxin tolerance is a phenomenon characterized by a reduced capacity of monocytes and macrophages to respond to repeated stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which has been suggested to represent a way of controlling the intensity and duration of innate immune response. During endotoxin tolerance, monocytes undergo functional re-programming primarily by epigenetic regulation. Recently, micro-RNA (miR)-146a has been demonstrated to be the major player of the negative regulation of the pro-inflammatory response, affecting TNF-α production. In this study, we have employed CyP, a cyanobacterial LPS antagonist acting on TLR4-MD2 complex, for priming human monocytes and evaluating their response to a subsequent challenge with E. coli LPS. Results show that CyP is able to induce cross-tolerance to E. coli LPS by inhibiting TNF-α production. The mechanism of action is mediated by a specific induction of miR-146a and reduction of IRAK1 and TRAF6 expressions in human monocytes by CyP priming. Up-regulation of miR-146a by CyP alone, affects subsequent cell response in term of TNF-α production even when monocytes are incubated with other TLR ligands, as lipoteichoic acid (LTA), thus confirming miR-146a as a critical player mediating TNF-α regulation during cross-tolerance with CyP.
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Molteni M, Bosi A, Rossetti C. The Effect of Cyanobacterial LPS Antagonist (CyP) on Cytokines and Micro-RNA Expression Induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10070290. [PMID: 30012943 PMCID: PMC6071223 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10070290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg-LPS) is a key bacterial structure involved in the maintenance of a chronic pro-inflammatory environment during periodontitis. Similar to other gram-negative LPS, Pg-LPS induces the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines through interaction with Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) and is able to stimulate negative TLR4 regulatory pathways, such as those involving microRNA (miRNA). In this work, we employed CyP, an LPS with TLR4-MD2 antagonist activity obtained from the cyanobacterium Oscillatoria planktothrix FP1, to study the effects on pro-inflammatory cytokine production and miRNA expression in human monocytic THP-1 cells stimulated with Pg-LPS or E. coli LPS (Ec-LPS). Results showed that CyP inhibited TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 expression more efficiently when co-incubated with Pg-LPS rather than with Ec-LPS. The inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production was maintained even when CyP was added 2 h after LPS. The analysis of the effects of CyP on miRNA expression showed that, although being an antagonist, CyP did not inhibit miR-146a induced by Pg-LPS or Ec-LPS, whereas it significantly inhibited miR-155 only in the cultures stimulated with Ec-LPS. These results suggest that CyP may modulate the pro-inflammatory response induced by Pg-LPS, not only by blocking TLR4-MD2 complex, but also by preserving miR-146a expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Molteni
- Laboratorio di Biologia Applicata, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via Dunant, 3-21100 Varese, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Bosi
- Laboratorio di Biologia Applicata, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via Dunant, 3-21100 Varese, Italy.
| | - Carlo Rossetti
- Laboratorio di Biologia Applicata, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via Dunant, 3-21100 Varese, Italy.
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35
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Tahamtan A, Teymoori-Rad M, Nakstad B, Salimi V. Anti-Inflammatory MicroRNAs and Their Potential for Inflammatory Diseases Treatment. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1377. [PMID: 29988529 PMCID: PMC6026627 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a complicated biological and pathophysiological cascade of responses to infections and injuries, and inflammatory mechanisms are closely related to many diseases. The magnitude, the complicated network of pro- and anti-inflammatory factors, and the direction of the inflammatory response can impact on the development and progression of various disorders. The currently available treatment strategies often target the symptoms and not the causes of inflammatory disease and may often be ineffective. Since the onset and termination of inflammation are crucial to prevent tissue damage, a range of mechanisms has evolved in nature to regulate the process including negative and positive feedback loops. In this regard, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key gene regulators to control inflammation, and it is speculated that they are fine-tune signaling regulators to allow for proper resolution and prevent uncontrolled progress of inflammatory reactions. In this review, we discuss recent findings related to significant roles of miRNAs in immune regulation, especially the potential utility of these molecules as novel anti-inflammatory agents to treat inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the possibilities of using miRNAs as drugs in the form of miRNA mimics or miRNA antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Tahamtan
- Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Majid Teymoori-Rad
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Britt Nakstad
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vahid Salimi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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36
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Corsetti PP, de Almeida LA, Gonçalves ANA, Gomes MTR, Guimarães ES, Marques JT, Oliveira SC. miR-181a-5p Regulates TNF-α and miR-21a-5p Influences Gualynate-Binding Protein 5 and IL-10 Expression in Macrophages Affecting Host Control of Brucella abortus Infection. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1331. [PMID: 29942317 PMCID: PMC6004377 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucella abortus is a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium that causes a worldwide zoonosis termed brucellosis, which is characterized as a debilitating infection with serious clinical manifestations leading to severe complications. In spite of great advances in studies involving host–B. abortus interactions, there are many gaps related to B. abortus modulation of the host immune response through regulatory mechanisms. Here, we deep sequenced small RNAs from bone marrow-derived macrophages infected with B. abortus, identifying 69 microRNAs (miRNAs) that were differentially expressed during infection. We further validated the expression of four upregulated and five downregulated miRNAs during infection in vitro that displayed the same profile in spleens from infected mice at 1, 3, or 6 days post-infection. Among these miRNAs, mmu-miR-181a-5p (upregulated) or mmu-miR-21a-5p (downregulated) were selected for further analysis. First, we determined that changes in the expression of both miRNAs induced by infection were dependent on the adaptor molecule MyD88. Furthermore, evaluating putative targets of mmu-miR-181a-5p, we demonstrated this miRNA negatively regulates TNF-α expression following Brucella infection. By contrast, miR-21a-5p targets included a negative regulator of IL-10, programmed cell death protein 4, and several guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs). As a result, during infection, miR-21a-5p led to upregulation of IL-10 expression and downregulation of GBP5 in macrophages infected with Brucella. Since GBP5 and IL-10 are important molecules involved in host control of Brucella infection, we decided to investigate the role of mmu-miR-21a-5p in bacterial replication in macrophages. We observed that treating macrophages with a mmu-miR-21a-5p mimic enhanced bacterial growth, whereas transfection of its inhibitor reduced Brucella load in macrophages. Taken together, the results indicate that downregulation of mmu-miR-21a-5p induced by infection increases GBP5 levels and decreases IL-10 expression thus contributing to bacterial control in host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia P Corsetti
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Departmento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Leonardo A de Almeida
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Departmento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - André Nicolau Aquime Gonçalves
- Laboratorio de Sorologia, Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Marco Túlio R Gomes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Erika S Guimarães
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - João T Marques
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Sergio C Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais (INCT-DT), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Ministério de Ciência Tecnologia e Inovação Salvador, Salvador, Brazil
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37
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Biomarkers in Spinal Cord Injury: from Prognosis to Treatment. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:6436-6448. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0858-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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38
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Codagnone M, Cianci E, Lamolinara A, Mari VC, Nespoli A, Isopi E, Mattoscio D, Arita M, Bragonzi A, Iezzi M, Romano M, Recchiuti A. Resolvin D1 enhances the resolution of lung inflammation caused by long-term Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:35-49. [PMID: 28422188 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2017.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection is a main cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Acute inflammation and its timely resolution are crucial for ensuring bacterial clearance and limiting tissue damage. Here, we investigated protective actions of resolvin (Rv) D1 in lung infection induced by the RP73 clinical strain of P. aeruginosa. RvD1 significantly diminished bacterial growth and neutrophil infiltration during acute pneumonia caused by RP73. Inoculum of RP73, immobilized in agar beads, resulted in persistent lung infection up to 21 days, leading to a non resolving inflammation reminiscent of human pathology. RvD1 significantly reduced bacterial titer, leukocyte infiltration, and lung tissue damage. In murine lung macrophages sorted during P. aeruginosa chronic infection, RvD1 regulated the expression of Toll-like receptors, downstream genes, and microRNA (miR)-21 and 155, resulting in reduced inflammatory signaling. In vitro, RvD1 enhanced phagocytosis of P. aeruginosa by neutrophils and macrophages, recapitulating its in vivo actions. These results unveil protective functions and mechanisms of action of RvD1 in acute and chronic P. aeruginosa pneumonia, providing evidence for its potent pro-resolution and tissue protective properties on airway mucosal tissue during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Codagnone
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnology Science, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. d'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - E Cianci
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnology Science, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. d'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - A Lamolinara
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. d'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - V C Mari
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. d'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - A Nespoli
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. d'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - E Isopi
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnology Science, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. d'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - D Mattoscio
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnology Science, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. d'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - M Arita
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - A Bragonzi
- Infection and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Division of Immunology, transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Iezzi
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. d'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - M Romano
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnology Science, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. d'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - A Recchiuti
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnology Science, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT) "G. d'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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39
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MINO T, TAKEUCHI O. Post-transcriptional regulation of immune responses by RNA binding proteins. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2018; 94:248-258. [PMID: 29887569 PMCID: PMC6085518 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.94.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are critical mediators of inflammation and host immune defense. Cytokine production is regulated at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Post-transcriptional damping of inflammatory mRNAs is mediated by a set of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) interacting with cis-elements, such as AU-rich elements (ARE) and stem-loop structures. Whereas ARE-binding proteins such as tristetraprolin and a stem-loop recognizing protein, Roquin, downregulate cytokine mRNA abundance by recruiting a CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex, another stem-loop RBP, Regnase-1, acts as an endoribonuclease, directly degrading target cytokine mRNAs. These RBPs control translation-active or -inactive mRNAs in distinct intracellular locations. The presence of various RBPs regulating mRNAs in distinct locations enables elaborate control of cytokines under inflammatory conditions. Dysregulation of cytokine mRNA decay leads to pathologies such as the development of autoimmune diseases or impaired activation of immune responses. Here we review current knowledge about the post-transcriptional regulation of immune responses by RBPs and the importance of their alteration during inflammatory pathology and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi MINO
- Laboratory of Infection and Prevention, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu TAKEUCHI
- Laboratory of Infection and Prevention, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Correspondence should be addressed: O. Takeuchi, Laboratory of Infection and Prevention, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan (e-mail: )
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40
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Chamekh M, Deny M, Romano M, Lefèvre N, Corazza F, Duchateau J, Casimir G. Differential Susceptibility to Infectious Respiratory Diseases between Males and Females Linked to Sex-Specific Innate Immune Inflammatory Response. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1806. [PMID: 29321783 PMCID: PMC5733536 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that males and females exhibit contrasting degrees of susceptibility to infectious and non-infectious inflammatory diseases. This is particularly observed in respiratory diseases where human males are more likely to be affected by infection-induced acute inflammations compared to females. The type and magnitude of the innate immune inflammatory response play a cardinal role in this sex bias. Animal models mimicking human respiratory diseases have been used to address the biological factors that could explain the distinct outcomes. In this review, we focus on our current knowledge about experimental studies investigating sex-specific differences in infection-induced respiratory diseases and we provide an update on the most important innate immune mechanisms that could explain sex bias of the inflammatory response. We also discuss whether conclusions drawn from animal studies could be relevant to human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Chamekh
- Inflammation Unit, Laboratory of Pediatric Research, Faculty of Medicine, Queen Fabiola University Children's Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maud Deny
- Inflammation Unit, Laboratory of Pediatric Research, Faculty of Medicine, Queen Fabiola University Children's Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marta Romano
- Service of Immunology, Scientific Institute for Public Health (WIV-ISP), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Lefèvre
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Pulmonology, Allergology and Cystic Fibrosis, Queen Fabiola University Children's Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francis Corazza
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean Duchateau
- Inflammation Unit, Laboratory of Pediatric Research, Faculty of Medicine, Queen Fabiola University Children's Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Georges Casimir
- Inflammation Unit, Laboratory of Pediatric Research, Faculty of Medicine, Queen Fabiola University Children's Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Pulmonology, Allergology and Cystic Fibrosis, Queen Fabiola University Children's Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
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41
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Zhu W, Yu J, Qiu S, Liu H, Wang Y, Xu X, Shao L, Zhu L, Jiao Y, Liu F, Zhu X. MiR-let-7a regulates anti-citrullinated protein antibody-induced macrophage activation and correlates with the development of experimental rheumatoid arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 51:40-46. [PMID: 28802150 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) are a key serological marker of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To investigate whether miR-let7a downregulated ACPA-induced macrophage activation and arthritis, miR-let7a levels were assessed in the synovial fluid from patients with RA or osteoarthritis (OA). In addition, expression of the pro-inflammatory genes HMGA2, PI3K, and IRF5 was examined in ACPA-induced macrophages and a collagen antibody-induced mouse model of arthritis. As expected, miR-let7a expression in synovial fluid macrophages was substantially lower in patients with RA than in those with OA. Moreover, ACPAs treatment (160IU/mL) suppressed miR-let7a expression in macrophages isolated from patients with RA. Mechanistic studies revealed that miR-let7a directly targets HMGA2 to suppress ACPA-induced IRF5 expression through PI3K in macrophages. Further, miR-let7a expression was markedly decreased in swollen ankle tissue and splenocytes isolated from arthritic mice, whereas HMGA2, PI3K, and IRF5 expression positively correlated with disease severity. However, injection miR-let7a agomir was unable to mitigate the development of experimental arthritis in model mice. Collectively, these data demonstrated that miR-let7a directly targets HMGA2 to downregulate ACPAs-induced macrophage activation, and correlated with experimental RA severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Prevention and Treatment of Heilongjiang Province, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China
| | - Jianbo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Prevention and Treatment of Heilongjiang Province, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China; Department of Pathology, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China
| | - Shou Qiu
- Department of Immunology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Prevention and Treatment of Heilongjiang Province, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy of Heilongjiang Province, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Department of Immunology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China
| | - Lili Shao
- Department of Immunology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China
| | - Yan Jiao
- Department of Immunology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Prevention and Treatment of Heilongjiang Province, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China.
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42
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Van den Bossche J, O'Neill LA, Menon D. Macrophage Immunometabolism: Where Are We (Going)? Trends Immunol 2017; 38:395-406. [PMID: 28396078 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 683] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of findings highlight the crucial role of metabolic reprogramming in macrophage activation. Metabolic pathways are closely interconnected and recent literature demonstrates the need for glucose metabolism in anti-inflammatory as well as inflammatory macrophages. Moreover, fatty acid oxidation (FAO) not only supports anti-inflammatory responses as described formerly but also drives inflammasome activation in inflammatory macrophages. Hence, defining glycolysis as proinflammatory and FAO as anti-inflammatory may be an oversimplification. Here we review how the rapid growth of the immunometabolism field has improved our understanding of macrophage activation and at the same time has led to an increase in the appearance of contradictory observations. To conclude we discuss current challenges in immunometabolism and present crucial areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Van den Bossche
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Luke A O'Neill
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Deepthi Menon
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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43
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Novel involvement of miR-522-3p in high-mobility group box 1-induced prostaglandin reductase 1 expression and reduction of phagocytosis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:625-633. [PMID: 28088550 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Resolution of inflammation is important for physiological homeostasis. Chronic inflammatory diseases may be caused by abnormal resolution of inflammation. However, what causes a failure of inflammatory resolution is unclear. Here we investigated the involvement of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein in the control of inflammatory resolution as an 'anti-resolution factor'. We first confirmed the increased expression of HMGB1 and prostaglandin reductase 1 (PTGR1) in inflammatory conditions and HMGB1-mediated regulation of the expression of PTGR1. The inhibition of phagocytosis by HMGB1 was abrogated by PTGR1 silencing. PTGR1 was a direct target of miR522-3p and its expression was regulated by miRNA-522-3p inhibitor or mimic. Finally, miR-522-3p had an important role in the regulation of PTGR1 expression by HMGB1. The data indicates that HMGB1-miR-522-3p-PTGR1 axis may be involved in the abnormal resolution of inflammation and suggests that this mechanism might be a target for modulation of chronic inflammatory disorder.
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Emerging Roles for Epigenetic Programming in the Control of Inflammatory Signaling Integration in Heath and Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1024:63-90. [PMID: 28921465 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5987-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages and dendritic cells initiate the innate immune response to infection and injury and contribute to inflammatory signaling to maintain the homeostasis of various tissues, which includes resident macrophages for the elimination of invading microorganisms and tissue damage. Inappropriate inflammatory signaling can lead to persistent inflammation and further develop into autoimmune and inflammation-associated diseases. Inflammatory signaling pathways have been well characterized, but how these signaling pathways are converted into sustained and diverse patterns of expression of cytokines, chemokines, and other genes in response to environmental challenges is unclear. Emerging evidence suggests the important role of epigenetic mechanisms in finely tuning the outcome of the host innate immune response. An understanding of epigenetic regulation of innate immune cell identity and function will enable the identification of the mechanism between gene-specific host defenses and inflammatory disease and will also allow for exploration of the program of innate immune memory in health and disease. This information could be used to develop therapeutic agents to enhance the host response, preventing chronic inflammation through preserving tissues and signaling integrity.
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45
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Lu L, McCurdy S, Huang S, Zhu X, Peplowska K, Tiirikainen M, Boisvert WA, Garmire LX. Time Series miRNA-mRNA integrated analysis reveals critical miRNAs and targets in macrophage polarization. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37446. [PMID: 27981970 PMCID: PMC5159803 DOI: 10.1038/srep37446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Polarization of macrophages is regulated through complex signaling networks. Correlating miRNA and mRNA expression over time after macrophage polarization has not yet been investigated. We used paired RNA-Seq and miRNA-Seq experiments to measure the mRNA and miRNA expression in bone marrow-derived macrophages over a time-series of 8 hours. Bioinformatics analysis identified 31 differentially expressed miRNAs between M1 and M2 polarized macrophages. The top 4 M1 miRNAs (miR-155-3p, miR-155-5p, miR-147-3p and miR-9-5p) and top 4 M2 miRNAs (miR-27a-5p, let-7c-1-3p, miR-23a-5p and miR-23b-5p) were validated by qPCR. Interestingly, M1 specific miRNAs could be categorized to early- and late-response groups, in which three new miRNAs miR-1931, miR-3473e and miR-5128 were validated as early-response miRNAs. M1 polarization led to the enrichment of genes involved in immune responses and signal transduction, whereas M2 polarization enriched genes involved in cell cycle and metabolic processes. C2H2 zinc-finger family members are key targets of DE miRNAs. The integrative analysis between miRNAs and mRNAs demonstrates the regulations of miRNAs on nearly four thousand differentially expressed genes and most of the biological pathways enriched in macrophage polarization. In summary, this study elucidates the expression profiles of miRNAs and their potential targetomes during macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangqun Lu
- Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Sara McCurdy
- Center for Cardiovascular Research John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Sijia Huang
- Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Xun Zhu
- Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Karolina Peplowska
- Genomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Maarit Tiirikainen
- Genomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - William A. Boisvert
- Center for Cardiovascular Research John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Lana X. Garmire
- Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
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46
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Inflammation Related MicroRNAs Are Modulated in Total Plasma and in Extracellular Vesicles from Rats with Chronic Ingestion of Sucrose. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:2489479. [PMID: 27999792 PMCID: PMC5143695 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2489479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) and the functional implications of miRNAs contained in extracellular vesicles (EVs) have gained attention in the last decade. Little is known about the regulation of the abundance of plasma miRNAs in response to chronic ingestion of carbohydrates. Therefore, we explored the circulating levels of miR-21, miR-146a, miR-155, and miR-223 in rats consuming sucrose in drinking water. Weanling Wistar rats were 25 weeks with 30% sucrose in drinking water, and miRNAs expression was determined in total plasma and in microvesicles, by RT-qPCR with TaqMan probe based assays for miR-21, miR-146a, miR-155, and miR-223, using cel-miR-39 (as spike in control and reference). Endotoxemia was also measured. Sucrose-fed animals showed higher body weight and retroperitoneal adipose tissue as well as higher glucose and triglyceride plasma levels than controls. Plasma endotoxin levels were low and not different among groups. Plasma miR-21 and miR-223 were higher in the sucrose group (p < 0.05), whereas miR-155 tended to be lower (p = 0.0661), and miR-146a did not show significant differences. In the plasma EVs the same trend was found except for miR-146a that showed significantly higher levels (p < 0.05). Overall, our results show that high carbohydrate ingestion modulates circulating miRNAs levels related to an inflammatory response.
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47
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Martirosyan NL, Carotenuto A, Patel AA, Kalani MYS, Yagmurlu K, Lemole GM, Preul MC, Theodore N. The Role of microRNA Markers in the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcome Prediction of Spinal Cord Injury. Front Surg 2016; 3:56. [PMID: 27878119 PMCID: PMC5099153 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2016.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition that affects many people worldwide. Treatment focuses on controlling secondary injury cascade and improving regeneration. It has recently been suggested that both the secondary injury cascade and the regenerative process are heavily regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). The measurement of specific biomarkers could improve our understanding of the disease processes, and thereby provide clinicians with the opportunity to guide treatment and predict clinical outcomes after SCI. A variety of miRNAs exhibit important roles in processes of inflammation, cell death, and regeneration. These miRNAs can be used as diagnostic tools for predicting outcome after SCI. In addition, miRNAs can be used in the treatment of SCI and its symptoms. Significant laboratory and clinical evidence exist to show that miRNAs could be used as robust diagnostic and therapeutic tools for the treatment of patients with SCI. Further clinical studies are warranted to clarify the importance of each subtype of miRNA in SCI management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay L Martirosyan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Arpan A Patel
- College of Medicine - Phoenix, University of Arizona , Phoenix, AZ , USA
| | - M Yashar S Kalani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center , Phoenix, AZ , USA
| | - Kaan Yagmurlu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center , Phoenix, AZ , USA
| | - G Michael Lemole
- Division of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ , USA
| | - Mark C Preul
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center , Phoenix, AZ , USA
| | - Nicholas Theodore
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center , Phoenix, AZ , USA
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MicroRNA-124 negatively regulates LPS-induced TNF-α production in mouse macrophages by decreasing protein stability. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:889-97. [PMID: 27063215 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM MicroRNAs play pivotal roles in regulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. In the present study, we investigated the effects of microRNA-124 (miR-124) on production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mouse macrophages. METHODS Mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 was stimulated with LPS (100 ng/mL). The levels of miR-124 and TNF-α mRNA were evaluated using q-PCR. ELISA and Western blotting were used to detect TNF-α protein level in cell supernatants and cells, respectively. 3'-UTR luciferase reporter assays were used to analyze the targets of miR-124. For in vivo experiments, mice were injected with LPS (30 mg/kg, ip). RESULTS LPS stimulation significantly increased the mRNA level of miR-124 in RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro and mice in vivo. In RAW264.7 macrophages, knockdown of miR-124 with miR-124 inhibitor dose-dependently increased LPS-stimulated production of TNF-α protein and prolonged the half-life of TNF-α protein, but did not change TNF-α mRNA levels, whereas overexpression of miR-124 with miR-124 mimic produced the opposite effects. Furthermore, miR-124 was found to directly target two components of deubiquitinating enzymes: ubiquitin-specific proteases (USP) 2 and 14. Knockdown of USP2 or USP14 accelerated protein degradation of TNF-α, and abolished the effect of miR-124 on TNF-α protein stability. CONCLUSION miR-124, targeting USP2 and USP14, negatively regulates LPS-induced TNF-α production in mouse macrophages, suggesting miR-124 as a new therapeutic target in inflammation-related diseases.
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Zur Bruegge J, Backes C, Gölz G, Hemmrich-Stanisak G, Scharek-Tedin L, Franke A, Alter T, Einspanier R, Keller A, Sharbati S. MicroRNA Response of Primary Human Macrophages to Arcobacter Butzleri Infection. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2016; 6:99-108. [PMID: 27429792 PMCID: PMC4936332 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2016.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in infectious diseases is becoming more and more apparent, and the use of miRNAs as a diagnostic tool and their therapeutic application has become the major focus of investigation. The aim of this study was to identify miRNAs involved in the immune signaling of macrophages in response to Arcobacter (A.) butzleri infection, an emerging foodborne pathogen causing gastroenteritis. Therefore, primary human macrophages were isolated and infected, and miRNA expression was studied by means of RNAseq. Analysis of the data revealed the expression of several miRNAs, which were previously associated with bacterial infections such as miR-155, miR-125, and miR-212. They were shown to play a key role in Toll-like receptor signaling where they act as fine-tuners to establish a balanced immune response. In addition, miRNAs which have yet not been identified during bacterial infections such as miR-3613, miR-2116, miR-671, miR-30d, and miR-629 were differentially regulated in A. butzleri-infected cells. Targets of these miRNAs accumulated in pathways such as apoptosis and endocytosis – processes that might be involved in A. butzleri pathogenesis. Our study contributes new findings about the interaction of A. butzleri with human innate immune cells helping to understand underlying regulatory mechanisms in macrophages during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Zur Bruegge
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Backes
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University , Germany
| | - Greta Gölz
- Institute of Food Hygiene, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Lydia Scharek-Tedin
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel , Germany
| | - Thomas Alter
- Institute of Food Hygiene, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Einspanier
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Keller
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University , Germany
| | - Soroush Sharbati
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-protein-coding, single-stranded RNAs. They function as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression by interacting with target mRNAs. This process prevents translation of target mRNAs into a functional protein. miRNAs are considered to be functionally involved in virtually all physiologic processes, including differentiation and proliferation, metabolism, hemostasis, apoptosis, and inflammation. Many of these functions have important implications for anesthesiology and critical care medicine. Studies indicate that miRNA expression levels can be used to predict the risk for eminent organ injury or sepsis. Pharmacologic approaches targeting miRNAs for the treatment of human diseases are currently being tested in clinical trials. The present review highlights the important biological functions of miRNAs and their usefulness as perioperative biomarkers and discusses the pharmacologic approaches that modulate miRNA functions for disease treatment. In addition, the authors discuss the pharmacologic interactions of miRNAs with currently used anesthetics and their potential to impact anesthetic toxicity and side effects.
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