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Zhu W, Qiong D, Changzhi X, Meiyu J, Hui L. Macrophage polarization regulation shed lights on immunotherapy for CaOx kidney stone disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 179:117336. [PMID: 39180792 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a major public health concern associated with high morbidity and recurrence, places a significant burden on the health care system worldwide. Calcium oxalate (CaOx) alone or a mixture of CaOx and calcium phosphate stones accounting for more than 80 % of cases. However, beyond surgical removal, the prevention and reduction of recurrence of CaOx kidney stones have always been a challenge. Given that macrophages are traditional innate immune cells that play critical roles in the clearance of pathogens and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, which have gained more and more interests in nephrolithiasis. Several studies recently clearly demonstrated that M2-macrophage could reduce the renal calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal acumination, and provide premise insights and therapeutic options for KSD by modulating the macrophage phenotypes. However, the mechanism of macrophage-polarization regulation and that effects on kidney stone prevention and treatments are far from clear. Here, we comprehensively reviewed the literatures related to cytokines, epigenetic modifications and metabolic reprograming of macrophage in CaOx kidney stone disease, aimed to provide better understandings on macrophage polarization regulation as well as its potential clinical applications in CaOx kidney stone disease treatments and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zhu
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen 518109, Guangdong, China.
| | - Deng Qiong
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen 518109, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Changzhi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin Meiyu
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen 518109, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Hui
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen 518109, Guangdong, China.
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Du Q, Dickinson A, Nakuleswaran P, Maghami S, Alagoda S, Hook AL, Ghaemmaghami AM. Targeting Macrophage Polarization for Reinstating Homeostasis following Tissue Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7278. [PMID: 39000385 PMCID: PMC11242417 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue regeneration and remodeling involve many complex stages. Macrophages are critical in maintaining micro-environmental homeostasis by regulating inflammation and orchestrating wound healing. They display high plasticity in response to various stimuli, showing a spectrum of functional phenotypes that vary from M1 (pro-inflammatory) to M2 (anti-inflammatory) macrophages. While transient inflammation is an essential trigger for tissue healing following an injury, sustained inflammation (e.g., in foreign body response to implants, diabetes or inflammatory diseases) can hinder tissue healing and cause tissue damage. Modulating macrophage polarization has emerged as an effective strategy for enhancing immune-mediated tissue regeneration and promoting better integration of implantable materials in the host. This article provides an overview of macrophages' functional properties followed by discussing different strategies for modulating macrophage polarization. Advances in the use of synthetic and natural biomaterials to fabricate immune-modulatory materials are highlighted. This reveals that the development and clinical application of more effective immunomodulatory systems targeting macrophage polarization under pathological conditions will be driven by a detailed understanding of the factors that regulate macrophage polarization and biological function in order to optimize existing methods and generate novel strategies to control cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiran Du
- Immuno-Bioengineering Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Anna Dickinson
- Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (A.D.); (P.N.); (S.A.)
| | - Pruthvi Nakuleswaran
- Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (A.D.); (P.N.); (S.A.)
| | - Susan Maghami
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK;
| | - Savindu Alagoda
- Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (A.D.); (P.N.); (S.A.)
| | - Andrew L. Hook
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Amir M. Ghaemmaghami
- Immuno-Bioengineering Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
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Dutta M, Qamar T, Kushavah U, Siddiqi MI, Kar S. Exploring host epigenetic enzymes as targeted therapies for visceral leishmaniasis: in silico design and in vitro efficacy of KDM6B and ASH1L inhibitors. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10824-w. [PMID: 38522046 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10824-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
In order to combat various infectious diseases, the utilization of host-directed therapies as an alternative to chemotherapy has gained a lot of attention in the recent past, since it bypasses the existing limitations of conventional therapies. The use of host epigenetic enzymes like histone lysine methyltransferases and lysine demethylases as potential drug targets has successfully been employed for controlling various inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and acute leukemia. In our earlier study, we have already shown that the functional knockdown of KDM6B and ASH1L in the experimental model of visceral leishmaniasis has resulted in a significant reduction of organ parasite burden. Herein, we performed a high throughput virtual screening against KDM6B and ASH1L using > 53,000 compounds that were obtained from the Maybridge library and PubChem Database, followed by molecular docking to evaluate their docking score/Glide Gscore. Based on their docking scores, the selected inhibitors were later assessed for their in vitro anti-leishmanial efficacy. Out of all inhibitors designed against KDM6B and ASH1L, HTS09796, GSK-J4 and AS-99 particularly showed promising in vitro activity with IC50 < 5 µM against both extracellular promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of L. donovani. In vitro drug interaction studies of these inhibitors further demonstrated their synergistic interaction with amphotericin-B and miltefosine. However, GSK-J4 makes an exception by displaying an in different mode of interaction with miltefosine. Collectively, our in silico and in vitro studies acted as a platform to identify the applicability of these inhibitors targeted against KDM6B and ASH1L for anti-leishmanial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukul Dutta
- Infectious Diseases & Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
- Molecular Microbiology & Immunology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Tooba Qamar
- Molecular Microbiology & Immunology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
| | - Unnati Kushavah
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Mohammad Imran Siddiqi
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Susanta Kar
- Infectious Diseases & Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.
- Molecular Microbiology & Immunology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Deng T, Xu J, Wang Q, Wang X, Jiao Y, Cao X, Geng Q, Zhang M, Zhao L, Xiao C. Immunomodulatory effects of curcumin on macrophage polarization in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1369337. [PMID: 38487171 PMCID: PMC10938599 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1369337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation, cartilage destruction, pannus formation and bone erosion. Various immune cells, including macrophages, are involved in RA pathogenesis. The heterogeneity and plasticity of macrophages render them pivotal regulators of both the induction and resolution of the inflammatory response. Predominantly, two different phenotypes of macrophages have been identified: classically activated M1 macrophages exacerbate inflammation via the production of cytokines, chemokines and other inflammatory mediators, while alternatively activated M2 macrophages inhibit inflammation and facilitate tissue repair. An imbalance in the M1/M2 macrophage ratio is critical during the initiation and progression of RA. Macrophage polarization is modulated by various transcription factors, epigenetic elements and metabolic reprogramming. Curcumin, an active component of turmeric, exhibits potent immunomodulatory effects and is administered in the treatment of multiple autoimmune diseases, including RA. The regulation of macrophage polarization and subsequent cytokine production as well as macrophage migration is involved in the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of curcumin on RA. In this review, we summarize the underlying mechanisms by which curcumin modulates macrophage function and polarization in the context of RA to provide evidence for the clinical application of curcumin in RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Deng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahe Xu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Jiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxue Cao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qishun Geng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mengxiao Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Xiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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5
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Chu Q, Han W, He Z, Hao L, Fu X. Suppression of LPS-activated inflammatory responses and chromosomal histone modifications in macrophages by micropattern-induced nuclear deformation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:250-259. [PMID: 37740539 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are important immune effector cells which participate various physiological and pathological conditions. Numerous studies have demonstrated the regulation of macrophage phenotype by micropatterns. It is well accepted that micropatterns affect cellular behaviors through changing cell shape and modulating the associated mechanical sensors on the plasma membrane and cytoskeleton. However, the role of nucleus, which serves as a critical physical sensing device, is often ignored. Herein, we found the nuclear deformation and the subsequently increased chromosomal histone methylation (H3K36me2) may contribute to the micropattern-induced suppression of macrophage inflammatory responses. Specifically, macrophages on micropatterned surfaces expressed lower levels of key inflammatory genes, compared with those on flat surfaces. Further investigation on macrophage nuclei showed that micropatterned surfaces cause shrinkage of nucleus volume and compaction of chromatin. Moreover, micropatterned surfaces elevated the methylation level of H3K36me2 in macrophages, while decreased the methylation level of H3K4me3. Our study provides new mechanistic insight into how micropatterns affect macrophage phenotype and highlights the importance of nuclear shape and chromatin histone modification in mediating micropattern-induced change in cell behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiju Han
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichun He
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijing Hao
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Fu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Aronova A, Tosato F, Naser N, Asare Y. Innate Immune Pathways in Atherosclerosis-From Signaling to Long-Term Epigenetic Reprogramming. Cells 2023; 12:2359. [PMID: 37830572 PMCID: PMC10571887 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immune pathways play a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis, from sensing initial danger signals to the long-term reprogramming of immune cells. Despite the success of lipid-lowering therapy, anti-hypertensive medications, and other measures in reducing complications associated with atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Consequently, there is an urgent need to devise novel preventive and therapeutic strategies to alleviate the global burden of CVD. Extensive experimental research and epidemiological studies have demonstrated the dominant role of innate immune mechanisms in the progression of atherosclerosis. Recently, landmark trials including CANTOS, COLCOT, and LoDoCo2 have provided solid evidence demonstrating that targeting innate immune pathways can effectively reduce the risk of CVD. These groundbreaking trials mark a significant paradigm shift in the field and open new avenues for atheroprotective treatments. It is therefore crucial to comprehend the intricate interplay between innate immune pathways and atherosclerosis for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. Additionally, unraveling the mechanisms underlying long-term reprogramming may offer novel strategies to reverse the pro-inflammatory phenotype of immune cells and restore immune homeostasis in atherosclerosis. In this review, we present an overview of the innate immune pathways implicated in atherosclerosis, with a specific focus on the signaling pathways driving chronic inflammation in atherosclerosis and the long-term reprogramming of immune cells within atherosclerotic plaque. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms governing these processes presents exciting opportunities for the development of a new class of immunotherapeutic approaches aimed at reducing inflammation and promoting plaque stability. By addressing these aspects, we can potentially revolutionize the management of atherosclerosis and its associated cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yaw Asare
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), 80539 Munich, Germany
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Gupta S, Dutta S, Hui SP. Regenerative Potential of Injured Spinal Cord in the Light of Epigenetic Regulation and Modulation. Cells 2023; 12:1694. [PMID: 37443728 PMCID: PMC10341208 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A spinal cord injury is a form of physical harm imposed on the spinal cord that causes disability and, in many cases, leads to permanent mammalian paralysis, which causes a disastrous global issue. Because of its non-regenerative aspect, restoring the spinal cord's role remains one of the most daunting tasks. By comparison, the remarkable regenerative ability of some regeneration-competent species, such as some Urodeles (Axolotl), Xenopus, and some teleost fishes, enables maximum functional recovery, even after complete spinal cord transection. During the last two decades of intensive research, significant progress has been made in understanding both regenerative cells' origins and the molecular signaling mechanisms underlying the regeneration and reconstruction of damaged spinal cords in regenerating organisms and mammals, respectively. Epigenetic control has gradually moved into the center stage of this research field, which has been helped by comprehensive work demonstrating that DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs are important for the regeneration of the spinal cord. In this review, we concentrate primarily on providing a comparison of the epigenetic mechanisms in spinal cord injuries between non-regenerating and regenerating species. In addition, we further discuss the epigenetic mediators that underlie the development of a regeneration-permissive environment following injury in regeneration-competent animals and how such mediators may be implicated in optimizing treatment outcomes for spinal cord injurie in higher-order mammals. Finally, we briefly discuss the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the context of spinal cord injury and their potential as targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samudra Gupta
- S.N. Pradhan Centre for Neurosciences, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India;
| | - Suman Dutta
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK;
| | - Subhra Prakash Hui
- S.N. Pradhan Centre for Neurosciences, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India;
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Tseng HT, Lin YW, Huang CY, Shih CM, Tsai YT, Liu CW, Tsai CS, Lin FY. Animal Models for Heart Transplantation Focusing on the Pathological Conditions. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051414. [PMID: 37239085 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac transplant recipients face many complications due to transplant rejection. Scientists must conduct animal experiments to study disease onset mechanisms and develop countermeasures. Therefore, many animal models have been developed for research topics including immunopathology of graft rejection, immunosuppressive therapies, anastomotic techniques, and graft preservation techniques. Small experimental animals include rodents, rabbits, and guinea pigs. They have a high metabolic rate, high reproductive rate, small size for easy handling, and low cost. Additionally, they have genetically modified strains for pathological mechanisms research; however, there is a lacuna, as these research results rarely translate directly to clinical applications. Large animals, including canines, pigs, and non-human primates, have anatomical structures and physiological states that are similar to those of humans; therefore, they are often used to validate the results obtained from small animal studies and directly speculate on the feasibility of applying these results in clinical practice. Before 2023, PubMed Central® at the United States National Institute of Health's National Library of Medicine was used for literature searches on the animal models for heart transplantation focusing on the pathological conditions. Unpublished reports and abstracts from conferences were excluded from this review article. We discussed the applications of small- and large-animal models in heart transplantation-related studies. This review article aimed to provide researchers with a complete understanding of animal models for heart transplantation by focusing on the pathological conditions created by each model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horng-Ta Tseng
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Departments of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (Yangming Campus), Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yao Huang
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Departments of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Shih
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Departments of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Tsai
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Wei Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Chien-Sung Tsai
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Yen Lin
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Departments of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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Xiong K, Qi M, Stoeger T, Zhang J, Chen S. The role of tumor-associated macrophages and soluble mediators in pulmonary metastatic melanoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1000927. [PMID: 36131942 PMCID: PMC9483911 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1000927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive skin tumor, which is also a major cause of skin cancer-related mortality. It can spread from a relatively small primary tumor and metastasize to multiple locations, including lymph nodes, lungs, liver, bone, and brain. What’s more metastatic melanoma is the main cause of its high mortality. Among all organs, the lung is one of the most common distant metastatic sites of melanoma, and the mortality rate of melanoma lung metastasis is also very high. Elucidating the mechanisms involved in the pulmonary metastasis of cutaneous melanoma will not only help to provide possible explanations for its etiology and progression but may also help to provide potential new therapeutic targets for its treatment. Increasing evidence suggests that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important regulatory role in the migration and metastasis of various malignant tumors. Tumor-targeted therapy, targeting tumor-associated macrophages is thus attracting attention, particularly for advanced tumors and metastatic tumors. However, the relevant role of tumor-associated macrophages in cutaneous melanoma lung metastasis is still unclear. This review will present an overview of the origin, classification, polarization, recruitment, regulation and targeting treatment of tumor-associated macrophages, as well as the soluble mediators involved in these processes and a summary of their possible role in lung metastasis from cutaneous malignant melanoma. This review particularly aims to provide insight into mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets to readers, interested in pulmonary metastasis melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifen Xiong
- The Department of Respiratory Diseases and Critic Care Unit, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College), Jinan University, Guangdong, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Qi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tobias Stoeger
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Jianglin Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Guangdong, China
- Candidate Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Skin Diseases, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jianglin Zhang, ; Shanze Chen,
| | - Shanze Chen
- The Department of Respiratory Diseases and Critic Care Unit, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College), Jinan University, Guangdong, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jianglin Zhang, ; Shanze Chen,
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Yang J, Hu Y, Zhang B, Liang X, Li X. The JMJD Family Histone Demethylases in Crosstalk Between Inflammation and Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:881396. [PMID: 35558079 PMCID: PMC9090529 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.881396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has emerged as a key player in regulating cancer initiation, progression, and therapeutics, acting as a double edged sword either facilitating cancer progression and therapeutic resistance or inducing anti-tumor immune responses. Accumulating evidence has linked the epigenetic modifications of histones to inflammation and cancer, and histone modifications-based strategies have shown promising therapeutic potentials against cancer. The jumonji C domain-containing (JMJD) family histone demethylases have exhibited multiple regulator functions in inflammatory processes and cancer development, and a number of therapeutic strategies targeting JMJD histone demethylases to modulate inflammatory cells and their products have been successfully evaluated in clinical or preclinical tumor models. This review summarizes current understanding of the functional roles and mechanisms of JMJD histone demethylases in crosstalk between inflammation and cancer, and highlights recent clinical and preclinical progress on harnessing the JMJD histone demethylases to regulate cancer-related inflammation for future cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Pediatric Nephrology Nursing, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Pediatric Nephrology Nursing, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Binjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Pediatric Nephrology Nursing, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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11
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Wang Y, Liu X, Xia P, Li Z, FuChen X, Shen Y, Yu P, Zhang J. The Regulatory Role of MicroRNAs on Phagocytes: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Chronic Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:901166. [PMID: 35634335 PMCID: PMC9130478 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.901166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An effective acute inflammatory response results in the elimination of infectious microorganisms, followed by a smooth transition to resolution and repair. During the inflammatory response, neutrophils play a crucial role in antimicrobial defense as the first cells to reach the site of infection damage. However, if the neutrophils that have performed the bactericidal effect are not removed in time, the inflammatory response will not be able to subside. Anti-inflammatory macrophages are the main scavengers of neutrophils and can promote inflammation towards resolution. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have great potential as clinical targeted therapy and have attracted much attention in recent years. This paper summarizes the involvement of miRNAs in the process of chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus by regulating lipid metabolism, cytokine secretion, inflammatory factor synthesis and tissue repair in two types of cells. This will provide a certain reference for miRNA-targeted treatment of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Panpan Xia
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhangwang Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinxi FuChen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yunfeng Shen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
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12
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Ding Q, Gao Z, Chen K, Zhang Q, Hu S, Zhao L. Inflammation-Related Epigenetic Modification: The Bridge Between Immune and Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:883410. [PMID: 35603204 PMCID: PMC9120428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.883410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
T2DM, as a typical metabolic inflammatory disease, is under the joint regulation of environmental factors and genetics, combining with a variety of epigenetic changes. Apart from epigenetic changes of islet β cells and glycometabolic tissues or organs, the inflammation-related epigenetics is also the core pathomechanism leading to β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. In this review, we focus on the epigenetic modification of immune cells’ proliferation, recruitment, differentiation and function, providing an overview of the key genes which regulated by DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA in the respect of T2DM. Meanwhile, we further summarize the present situation of T2DM epigenetic research and elucidate its prospect in T2DM clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyou Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zezheng Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Keyu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shiwan Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Linhua Zhao,
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13
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Ampomah PB, Cai B, Sukka SR, Gerlach BD, Yurdagul A, Wang X, Kuriakose G, Darville LNF, Sun Y, Sidoli S, Koomen JM, Tall AR, Tabas I. Macrophages use apoptotic cell-derived methionine and DNMT3A during efferocytosis to promote tissue resolution. Nat Metab 2022; 4:444-457. [PMID: 35361955 PMCID: PMC9050866 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00551-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Efferocytosis, the clearance of apoptotic cells (ACs) by macrophages, is critical for tissue resolution, with defects driving many diseases. Mechanisms of efferocytosis-mediated resolution are incompletely understood. Here, we show that AC-derived methionine regulates resolution through epigenetic repression of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphatase Dusp4. We focus on two key efferocytosis-induced pro-resolving mediators, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), and show that efferocytosis induces prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2/cyclooxygenase 2 (Ptgs2/COX2), leading to PGE2 synthesis and PGE2-mediated induction of TGF-β1. ERK1/2 phosphorylation/activation by AC-activated CD36 is necessary for Ptgs2 induction, but this is insufficient owing to an ERK-DUSP4 negative feedback pathway that lowers phospho-ERK. However, subsequent AC engulfment and phagolysosomal degradation lead to Dusp4 repression, enabling enhanced p-ERK and induction of the Ptgs2-PGE2-TGF-β1 pathway. Mechanistically, AC-derived methionine is converted to S-adenosylmethionine, which is used by DNA methyltransferase-3A (DNMT3A) to methylate Dusp4. Bone-marrow DNMT3A deletion in mice blocks COX2/PGE2, TGF-β1, and resolution in sterile peritonitis, apoptosis-induced thymus injury and atherosclerosis. Knowledge of how macrophages use AC-cargo and epigenetics to induce resolution provides mechanistic insight and therapeutic options for diseases driven by impaired resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick B Ampomah
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Bishuang Cai
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Santosh R Sukka
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Arif Yurdagul
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - George Kuriakose
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lancia N F Darville
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - John M Koomen
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Alan R Tall
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ira Tabas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Physiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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14
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Yu L, Shi Q, Zhang B, Xu J. Genetically modified mesenchymal stem cells promote spinal fusion through polarized macrophages. J Transl Med 2022; 102:312-319. [PMID: 34764437 PMCID: PMC8860744 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00693-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal fusion is an effective treatment for low back pain and typically applied with prosthetic fixation devices. Spinal fusion can be improved by transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into the paraspinal muscle. However, in contrast to the direct contribution of MSCs to spinal fusion, the indirect effects of MSCs on spinal infusion have not been studied and were thus addressed here. The correlation between the outcome of spinal fusion and the local macrophage number, polarization and the levels of placental growth factor (PlGF) in patients was analyzed. MSCs were genetically modified to overexpress PlGF, and its effects on macrophage proliferation and polarization were analyzed in vitro in a transwell co-culture system, as well as in vivo in a mouse model for spinal fusion, for which the cells were bilaterally injected into paravertebral muscles of the mouse lumbar spine. The effects on spinal fusion were assessed by microcomputed tomography and a custom four-point bending apparatus for structural bending stiffness. Local macrophages were analyzed by flow cytometry. We found that posterior spinal fusion could be improved by PlGF-expressing MSCs, compared to the control MSCs, evident by significant improvement of bone bridging of the targeted vertebrae. Mechanistically, PlGF-expressing MSCs appeared to attract macrophages and induce their M2 polarization, which in turn promotes the bone formation. Together, our data suggest that PlGF-expressing MSCs may improve spinal fusion through macrophage recruitment and polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luchao Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Qiang Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Baokun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jianguang Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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15
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Mou Y, Wu G, Wang Q, Pan T, Zhang L, Xu Y, Xiong W, Zhou Q, Wang Y. Macrophage‐targeted delivery of
siRNA
to silence
Mecp2
gene expression attenuates pulmonary fibrosis. Bioeng Transl Med 2022; 7:e10280. [PMID: 35600643 PMCID: PMC9115697 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by the infiltration of macrophages in the fibrotic region. Currently, no therapeutic strategies effectively control disease progression, and the 5‐year mortality of patients after diagnosis is unacceptably high. Thus, developing an effective and safe treatment for IPF is urgently needed. The present study illustrated that methyl‐CpG‐binding protein 2 (MECP2), a protein responsible for the interpretation of DNA methylome‐encoded information, was abnormally expressed in lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples of IPF patients and mice with onset of pulmonary fibrosis. And further studies verified that the overexpression of MECP2 occurred mainly in macrophages. Inhibition of Mecp2 expression in macrophages robustly abrogated alternatively activated macrophage (M2) polarization by regulating interferon regulatory factor 4 expression. Accordingly, cationic liposomes loading Mecp2 small interfering RNA (siRNA) were raised for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. It was noted that the liposomes accumulated in the fibrotic region after intratracheal injection, especially in macrophages. In addition, intratracheal administration of Mecp2 siRNA‐loaded liposomes significantly reversed the established pulmonary fibrosis with few side‐effects and high safety coefficients. Collectively, these results are essential not only for further understanding the DNA methylation in pathogenesis of IPF but also for providing a potent therapeutic strategy for IPF treatment in the clinic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Mou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Guo‐Rao Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Ting Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yongjian Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Weining Xiong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Qing Zhou
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
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16
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Abstract
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a four-α-helical bundle type I cytokine with broad pleiotropic actions on multiple lineages. Major actions of IL-4 were initially discovered for B and T cells, but this cytokine acts on more than a dozen different target cells spanning the innate and adaptive immune systems and is produced by multiple different cellular sources. While IL-4 was discovered just under 40 years ago in 1982, the interest in and discoveries related to this cytokine continue to markedly expand. There are important new advances related to its biological actions and to its mechanisms of signaling, including critical genes and downstream targets in a range of cell types. IL-4 is critical not only for careful control of immunoglobulin production but also related to inflammation, fibrosis, allergic reactions, and antitumor activity, with actions of IL-4 occurring through two different types of receptors, one of which is also used by IL-13, a closely related cytokine with partially overlapping actions. In this review, we cover critical older information but also highlight newer advances. An area of evolving interest relates to the therapeutic blockade of IL-4 signaling pathway to treat atopic dermatitis and asthma. Thus, this cytokine is historically important, and research in this area has both elucidated major biological pathways and led to therapeutic advances for diseases that affect millions of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achsah D Keegan
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, and Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, USA
| | - Warren J Leonard
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Jinfang Zhu
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
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17
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Wang X, Li H, Chen S, He J, Chen W, Ding Y, Huang J. P300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) attenuated M1 macrophage inflammatory responses possibly through KLF2 and KLF4. Immunol Cell Biol 2021; 99:724-736. [PMID: 33768642 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages exhibit distinct phenotypes in response to environmental signals. The polarization of M1 macrophages plays an essential role in the inflammatory response. However, the specific molecular mechanisms regulating the inflammatory response during M1 macrophage polarization remain to be further understood. Here, we found that the histone acetyltransferase P300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) was a potential negative regulator of the M1 macrophage inflammatory response. During M1 macrophage polarization, the inflammatory response gradually reduced, but PCAF expression increased. Furthermore, the overexpression of PCAF significantly inhibited the expression of the M1 macrophage-related pro-inflammatory genes TNF-α, IL-6 and CXCL10, while PCAF deficiency enhanced the expression of these genes. Furthermore, we found that PCAF overexpression suppressed the NF-κB signaling pathway and promoted the expression of the Krüppel-like factors (KLF) KLF2 and KLF4 through regulating their transcriptional levels. In addition, KLF2 and KLF4 deficiency reversed the PCAF-induced inhibition of the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in M1 macrophages. Collectively, the present results demonstrate a potential negative regulatory mechanism of the inflammatory response during M1 macrophage polarization and propose a novel mechanism of inflammation resolution for maintaining homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuling Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinrong He
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiqun Chen
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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18
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Abstract
Frailty is a syndrome characterized by the decline in the physiologic reserve and function of several systems, leading to increased vulnerability and adverse health outcomes. While common in the elderly, recent studies have underlined the higher prevalence of frailty in chronic diseases, independent of age. The pathophysiological mechanisms that contribute to frailty have not been completely understood, although significant progresses have recently been made. In this context, chronic inflammation is likely to play a pivotal role, both directly and indirectly through other systems, such as the musculoskeletal, endocrine, and neurological systems. Rheumatic diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation and accumulation of deficits during time. Therefore, studies have recently started to explore the link between frailty and rheumatic diseases, and in this review, we report what has been described so far. Frailty is dynamic and potentially reversible with 8.3%-17.9% of older adults spontaneously improving their frailty status over time. Muscle strength is likely the most significant influencing factor which could be improved with training thus pointing at the need to maintain physical activity. Not surprisingly, frailty is more prevalent in patients affected by rheumatic diseases than in healthy controls, regardless of age and is associated with high disease activity to affect the clinical outcomes, largely due to chronic inflammation. More importantly, the treatment of the underlying condition may prevent frailty. Scales to assess frailty in patients affected by rheumatic diseases have been proposed, but larger casuistries are needed to validate disease-specific indexes, which could allow more accurate prognostic estimates than demographic and disease-related variables alone. Frail patients can be more vulnerable and more difficult to treat, due to the risk of side effects, therefore frailty should be taken into account in clinical decisions. Clinical trials addressing frailty could identify patients who are less likely to tolerate potentially toxic medications and might benefit from more conservative regimens. In conclusion, the implementation of the concept of frailty in rheumatology will allow a better understanding of the patient global health, a finest risk stratification and a more individualized management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Motta
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center– IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Antonio Sica
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Novara, Italy
| | - Carlo Selmi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center– IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
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19
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Liu KX, Joshi S. "Re-educating" Tumor Associated Macrophages as a Novel Immunotherapy Strategy for Neuroblastoma. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1947. [PMID: 32983125 PMCID: PMC7493646 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial pediatric tumor and often presents with metastatic disease, and patients with high-risk neuroblastoma have survival rates of ~50%. Neuroblastoma tumorigenesis is associated with the infiltration of various types of immune cells, including myeloid derived suppressor cells, tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), and regulatory T cells, which foster tumor growth and harbor immunosuppressive functions. In particular, TAMs predict poor clinical outcomes in neuroblastoma, and among these immune cells, TAMs with an M2 phenotype comprise an immune cell population that promotes tumor metastasis, contributes to immunosuppression, and leads to failure of radiation or checkpoint inhibitor therapy. This review article summarizes the role of macrophages in tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, and immunosuppression in neuroblastoma and discusses the recent advances in "macrophage-targeting strategies" in neuroblastoma with a focus on three aspects: (1) inhibition of macrophage recruitment, (2) targeting macrophage survival, and (3) reprogramming of macrophages into an immunostimulatory phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin X. Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shweta Joshi
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, UCSD Rady's Children's Hospital, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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20
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Honma K, Machida C, Mochizuki K, Goda T. Glucose and TNF enhance expression of TNF and IL1B, and histone H3 acetylation and K4/K36 methylation, in juvenile macrophage cells. Gene 2020; 763S:100034. [PMID: 32550560 PMCID: PMC7285958 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia activates innate leukocytes such as monocytes and induces pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, resulting in increased monocyte adhesion to aortic endothelial cells. In this study, we investigated whether high glucose and/or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) would enhance pro-inflammatory cytokine expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-1β (IL1B) by altering histone modifications in U937, a juvenile macrophage cell line. The mRNA levels of TNF and IL1B in U937 cells were significantly affected by glucose concentration and TNF treatment. Mono-methylated histone H3K4 signals around TNF and IL1B were lower in cells treated with high glucose compared with low glucose. Conversely, tri-methylated histone H3K4 and H3K36 signals were higher in cells treated with high glucose compared with low glucose. TNF treatment of U937 cells cultured in high glucose enhanced histone H3K36 tri-methylation, particularly around the gene regions of TNF and IL1B. Histone acetylation was induced by treatment with TNF in high-glucose medium. The induction of acetylation and tri-methylation of K4 and K36 of histone H3 around TNF and IL1B by treatment with high glucose and/or TNF was positively associated with the induction of these genes in juvenile macrophage U937 cells. Culture with high glucose induced TNF and IL1B expression in U937 cells. TNF treatment enhanced high glucose inducible TNF expression in U937 cells. H3K4me3 around TNF and IL1B was induced by high glucose treatment. TNF treatment enhanced H3Ac in the gene body region of TNF and IL1B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazue Honma
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Chie Machida
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Mochizuki
- Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Local Produce and Food Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Toshinao Goda
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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21
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Parmar N, Chandrakar P, Kar S. Leishmania donovani Subverts Host Immune Response by Epigenetic Reprogramming of Macrophage M(Lipopolysaccharides + IFN-γ)/M(IL-10) Polarization. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:2762-2778. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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22
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Li X, Zhang Y, Pei W, Zhang M, Yang H, Zhong M, Kong X, Xu Y, Zhu X, Chen T, Ye J, Lv K. LncRNA Dnmt3aos regulates Dnmt3a expression leading to aberrant DNA methylation in macrophage polarization. FASEB J 2020; 34:5077-5091. [PMID: 32052888 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902379r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play key roles in various biological processes. However, the roles of lncRNAs in macrophage polarization remain largely unexplored. In this study, thousands of lncRNAs were identified that are differentially expressed in distinct polarized bone marrow-derived macrophages. Among them, Dnmt3aos (DNA methyltransferase 3A, opposite strand), as a known lncRNA, locates on the antisense strand of Dnmt3a. Functional experiments further confirmed that Dnmt3aos were highly expressed in M(IL-4) macrophages and participated in the regulation of Dnmt3a expression, and played a key role in macrophage polarization. The DNA methylation profiles between the Dnmt3aos knockdown group and the control group in M(IL-4) macrophages were determined by MeDIP-seq technique for the first time, and the Dnmt3aos-Dnmt3a axis-mediated DNA methylation modification-regulated macrophage polarization- related gene IFN-γ was identified. Our study will help to enrich our knowledge of the mechanism of macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Li
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China.,Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China.,Laboratory Medicine of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China
| | - Weiya Pei
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China.,Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China
| | - Mengying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China.,Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China
| | - Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China.,Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China
| | - Min Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China.,Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China
| | - Xiang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China.,Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China
| | - Yang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China.,Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China.,Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China
| | - Tianbing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China.,Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China
| | - Jingjing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China.,Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China
| | - Kun Lv
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China.,Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, PR China
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23
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The many shades of macrophages in regulating transplant outcome. Cell Immunol 2020; 349:104064. [PMID: 32061375 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The shift of emphasis from short-term to long-term graft outcomes has led to renewed interests in how the innate immune cells regulate transplant survival, an area that is traditionally dominated by T cells in the adaptive system. This shift is driven largely by the limited efficacy of current immunosuppression protocols which primarily target T cells in preventing chronic graft loss, as well as by the rapid advance of basic sciences in the realm of innate immunity. In fact, the innate immune cells have emerged as key players in the allograft response in various models, contributing to both graft rejection and graft acceptance. Here, we focus on the macrophages, highlighting their diversity, plasticity and emerging features in transplant models, as well as recent developments in our studies of diverse subsets of macrophages. We also discuss challenges, unsolved questions, and emerging approaches in therapeutically modulating macrophages in further improvement of transplant outcomes.
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Ochando J, Fayad ZA, Madsen JC, Netea MG, Mulder WJM. Trained immunity in organ transplantation. Am J Transplant 2020; 20:10-18. [PMID: 31561273 PMCID: PMC6940521 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Consistent induction of donor-specific unresponsiveness in the absence of continuous immunosuppressive therapy and toxic effects remains a difficult task in clinical organ transplantation. Transplant immunologists have developed numerous experimental treatments that target antigen-presentation (signal 1), costimulation (signal 2), and cytokine production (signal 3) to establish transplantation tolerance. While promising results have been obtained using therapeutic approaches that predominantly target the adaptive immune response, the long-term graft survival rates remain suboptimal. This suggests the existence of unrecognized allograft rejection mechanisms that contribute to organ failure. We postulate that trained immunity stimulatory pathways are critical to the immune response that mediates graft loss. Trained immunity is a recently discovered functional program of the innate immune system, which is characterized by nonpermanent epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming of macrophages. Since trained macrophages upregulate costimulatory molecules (signal 2) and produce pro-inflammatory cytokines (signal 3), they contribute to potent graft reactive immune responses and organ transplant rejection. In this review, we summarize the detrimental effects of trained immunity in the context of organ transplantation and describe pathways that induce macrophage training associated with graft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Ochando
- Department of Oncological SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew York,Transplant Immunology UnitNational Center of MicrobiologyInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Zahi A. Fayad
- Department of RadiologyTranslational and Molecular Imaging InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew York
| | - Joren C. Madsen
- Center for Transplantation Sciences and Division of Cardiac SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusetts
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious DiseasesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands,Department for Genomics & ImmunoregulationLife and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES)University of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Willem J. M. Mulder
- Department of Oncological SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew York,Department of RadiologyTranslational and Molecular Imaging InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew York,Laboratory of Chemical BiologyDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringInstitute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands
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25
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Monocytes of newly diagnosed juvenile DM1 patients are prone to differentiate into regulatory IL-10 + M2 macrophages. Immunol Res 2019; 67:58-69. [PMID: 30820875 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-019-09072-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alternatively activated macrophages (M2) exert anti-inflammatory effects and are crucial for keeping balance between protective and destructive cell-mediated immunity in healing phase of inflammation. Two members of the interferon regulatory factors family, IRF5 and IRF4, are known to promote M1 or M2 phenotype, respectively. Our study aimed to analyse the effectiveness of the M2 differentiation process in vitro (achieved by IL-4 stimulation) and its relationship to the stage of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) in juvenile patients. To identify the basic changes in M2 phenotype, we examined the expression of the surface CD206, CD14, CD86 molecules, intracellular IRF4 and IRF5 transcription factors as well as IL-10 and TNFα intracellular production. Ten newly diagnosed (ND-DM1) and ten long-standing (LS-DM1) patients were enrolled into the study. The control group consisted of six children. We observed a significantly higher number of unpolarised CD206+CD14+ cells in the M2 cultures of DM1 subjects when compared to healthy ones. Examined cells presented common features with M1 macrophages (high levels of the CD14/CD86/IRF5 markers); however, they were weak TNFα producers in ND-DM1 patients. For the first time, we have revealed dysregulated IRF4/IRF5 axis in the analysed subpopulation derived from diabetic patients. Additionally, monocytes of ND-DM1 children were still able to differentiate into regulatory IL-10+ M2 macrophages, while this process was highly limited in LS-DM1 patients. Summarising, we suggest that the M2 polarisation process is less effective in DM1 patients than in healthy subjects and it may vary depending on the stage of disease. It can be concluded that in vitro differentiated M2 macrophages may be used in the future as inflammatory inhibitors for adoptive therapy experiments in ND-DM1 subjects.
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Li L, Zhang HY, Zhong XQ, Lu Y, Wei J, Li L, Chen H, Lu C, Han L. PSORI-CM02 formula alleviates imiquimod-induced psoriasis via affecting macrophage infiltration and polarization. Life Sci 2019; 243:117231. [PMID: 31887296 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Psoriasis is a refractory skin disease characterized by macrophage cell infiltrated in the dermal layer. Macrophages can simultaneously polarize into two distinct functional subtypes, M1 and M2, and this process is affected by the microenvironment, cytokines and JAK/STAT pathways. Formula PSORI-CM02 is a novel Chinese medicine used to alleviate psoriasis symptoms and regulate T cell differentiation and epithelial cell proliferation. However, the effects of PSORI-CM02 in imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis and macrophage infiltration and polarization in the dermis remain unknown. MAIN METHODS Imiquimod induced psoriasis mice model and M1/M2 polarization model on mice peritoneal macrophages cell line RAW264.7 in vitro were used to observe the therapeutic effect of PSORI-CM02 on skin and its molecular mechanisms. KEY FINDINGS PSORI-CM02 can significantly improve skin lesions and reduce macrophage infiltration in mice induced by imiquimod. After treatment with PSORI-CM02 formula, M1 macrophage mediators were significantly reduced, while M2 mediators were significantly increased in mice. Similarly in vitro, M1 macrophage proliferation was suppressed and M2 macrophage proliferation was elevated by PSORI-CM02 in the presence of LPS and IL-4, respectively. The elevated expression of TNF-α, iNOS, and IL-1β induced by LPS was reduced, while the expression of Arg-1, Fizz-1, Ym-1, and IL-10 induced by IL-4 was elevated in PSORI-CM02-treated cells. Finally, we found that the effects of PSORI-CM02 in macrophage polarization were associated with regulation of STAT1 and STAT6 expression, which were activated by LPS and IL-4, respectively. SIGNIFICANCE Our novel findings reveal that PSORI-CM02 may possess therapeutic action in psoriasis treatment by regulating the infiltration and polarization of macrophages in the dermal layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leng Li
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Yu Zhang
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Zhong
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Lu
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Dermatology Department, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianan Wei
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Li
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiming Chen
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuanjian Lu
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Dermatology Department, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ling Han
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China.
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Róka B, Tod P, Kaucsár T, Vizovišek M, Vidmar R, Turk B, Fonović M, Szénási G, Hamar P. The Acute Phase Response Is a Prominent Renal Proteome Change in Sepsis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:E200. [PMID: 31892161 PMCID: PMC6982205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most common form of acute kidney injury (AKI). We studied the temporal profile of the sepsis-induced renal proteome changes. (2) Methods: Male mice were injected intraperitoneally with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or saline (control). Renal proteome was studied by LC-MS/MS (ProteomeXchange: PXD014664) at the early phase (EP, 1.5 and 6 h after 40 mg/kg LPS) and the late phase (LP, 24 and 48 h after 10 mg/kg LPS) of LPS-induced AKI. Renal mRNA expression of acute phase proteins (APP) was assessed by qPCR. (3) Results: Renal proteome change was milder in EP vs. LP. APPs dominated the proteome in LP (proteins upregulated at least 4-fold (APPs/all): EP, 1.5 h: 0/10, 6 h: 1/10; LP, 24 h: 22/47, 48 h: 17/44). Lipocalin-2, complement C3, fibrinogen, haptoglobin and hemopexin were the most upregulated APPs. Renal mRNA expression preceded the APP changes with peak effects at 24 h, and indicated renal production of the majority of APPs. (4) Conclusions: Gene expression analysis revealed local production of APPs that commenced a few hours post injection and peaked at 24 h. This is the first demonstration of a massive, complex and coordinated acute phase response of the kidney involving several proteins not identified previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Róka
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.R.); (P.T.); (T.K.); (G.S.)
| | - Pál Tod
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.R.); (P.T.); (T.K.); (G.S.)
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Kaucsár
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.R.); (P.T.); (T.K.); (G.S.)
| | - Matej Vizovišek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.V.); (R.V.); (B.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Robert Vidmar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.V.); (R.V.); (B.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Boris Turk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.V.); (R.V.); (B.T.); (M.F.)
- Centre of Excellence for Integrated Approaches in Chemistry and Biology of Proteins, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Fonović
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.V.); (R.V.); (B.T.); (M.F.)
- Centre of Excellence for Integrated Approaches in Chemistry and Biology of Proteins, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gábor Szénási
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.R.); (P.T.); (T.K.); (G.S.)
| | - Péter Hamar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.R.); (P.T.); (T.K.); (G.S.)
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
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28
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Qi S, Li Y, Dai Z, Xiang M, Wang G, Wang L, Wang Z. Uhrf1-Mediated Tnf-α Gene Methylation Controls Proinflammatory Macrophages in Experimental Colitis Resembling Inflammatory Bowel Disease. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:3045-3053. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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29
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Kumar R, Singh P, Kolloli A, Shi L, Bushkin Y, Tyagi S, Subbian S. Immunometabolism of Phagocytes During Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. Front Mol Biosci 2019; 6:105. [PMID: 31681793 PMCID: PMC6803600 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remains as a leading killer among infectious diseases worldwide. The nature of the host immune response dictates whether the initial Mtb infection is cleared or progresses toward active disease, and is ultimately determined by intricate host-pathogen interactions that are yet to be fully understood. The early immune response to infection is mediated by innate immune cells, including macrophages and neutrophils that can phagocytose Mtb and mount an antimicrobial response. However, Mtb can exploit these innate immune cells for its survival and dissemination. Recently, it has become clear that the immune response and metabolic remodeling are interconnected, which is highlighted by the rapid evolution of the interdisciplinary field of immunometabolism. It has been proposed that the net outcome to Mtb infection—clearance or chronic disease—is likely a result of combined immunologic and metabolic activities of the immune cells. Indeed, host cells activated by Mtb infection have strikingly different metabolic requirements than naïve/non-infected cells. Macrophages activated by Mtb-derived molecules or upon phagocytosis acquire a phenotype similar to M1 with elevated production of pro-inflammatory molecules and rely on glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway to meet their bioenergetic and metabolic requirements. In these macrophages, oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid oxidation are dampened. However, the non-infected/naive, M2-type macrophages are anti-inflammatory and derive their energy from oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid oxidation. Similar metabolic adaptations also occur in other phagocytes, including dendritic cells, neutrophils upon Mtb infection. This metabolic reprogramming of innate immune cells during Mtb infection can differentially regulate their effector functions, such as the production of cytokines and chemokines, and antimicrobial response, all of which can ultimately determine the outcome of Mtb-host interactions within the granulomas. In this review, we describe key immune cells bolstering host innate response and discuss the metabolic reprogramming in these phagocytes during Mtb infection. We focused on the major phagocytes, including macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils and the key regulators involved in metabolic reprogramming, such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1, mammalian target of rapamycin, the cellular myelocytomatosis, peroxisome proliferator-activator receptors, sirtuins, arginases, inducible nitric acid synthase and sphingolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeet Kumar
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Pooja Singh
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Afsal Kolloli
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Lanbo Shi
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Yuri Bushkin
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Sanjay Tyagi
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Selvakumar Subbian
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
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30
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Caslin HL, Hasty AH. Extrinsic and Intrinsic Immunometabolism Converge: Perspectives on Future Research and Therapeutic Development for Obesity. Curr Obes Rep 2019; 8:210-219. [PMID: 30919312 PMCID: PMC6661206 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-019-00344-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Research over the past decade has shown that immunologic and metabolic pathways are intricately linked. This burgeoning field of immunometabolism includes intrinsic and extrinsic pathways and is known to be associated with obesity-accelerated metabolic disease. Intrinsic immunometabolism includes the study of fuel utilization and bioenergetic pathways that influence immune cell function. Extrinsic immunometabolism includes the study of immune cells and products that influence systemic metabolism. RECENT FINDINGS Th2 immunity, macrophage iron handling, adaptive immune memory, and epigenetic regulation of immunity, which all require intrinsic metabolic changes, play a role in systemic metabolism and metabolic function, linking the two arms of immunometabolism. Together, this suggests that targeting intrinsic immunometabolism can directly affect immune function and ultimately systemic metabolism. We highlight important questions for future basic research that will help improve translational research and provide therapeutic targets to help establish new treatments for obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Caslin
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 813 Light Hall, 23rd Ave. South and Pierce, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Alyssa H Hasty
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 813 Light Hall, 23rd Ave. South and Pierce, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs), a vital component of the innate immune system, are considered to lack antigen specificity and be devoid of immunological memory. Strategies that can induce memory-like responses from innate cells can be utilized to elicit protective immunity in immune deficient persons. Here we utilize an experimental immunization strategy to modulate DC inflammatory and memory-like responses against an opportunistic fungal pathogen that causes significant disease in immunocompromised individuals. Our results show that DCs isolated from protectively immunized mice exhibit enhanced transcriptional activation of interferon and immune signaling pathways. We also show long-term memory-like cytokine responses upon subsequent challenge with the fungal pathogen that are abrogated with inhibitors of specific histone modifications. Altogether, our study demonstrates that immunization strategies can be designed to elicit memory-like DC responses against infectious disease. Wormley and colleagues present data showing that vaccine strategies can be devised to prime dendritic cells to respond in a memory-like fashion upon subsequent exposure to a pathogen.
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32
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He J, Song Y, Li G, Xiao P, Liu Y, Xue Y, Cao Q, Tu X, Pan T, Jiang Z, Cao X, Lai L, Wang Q. Fbxw7 increases CCL2/7 in CX3CR1hi macrophages to promote intestinal inflammation. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:3877-3893. [PMID: 31246581 DOI: 10.1172/jci123374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Resident and inflammatory mononuclear phagocytes (MPh) with functional plasticity in the intestine are critically involved in the pathology of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), in which the mechanism remains incompletely understood. In the present study, we found that increased expression of E3 ligase FBXW7 in the inflamed intestine was significantly correlated to IBD severity in both human diseases and mice model. Myeloid-Fbxw7 deficiency protected mice from dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and 2,6,4-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis. Fbxw7 deficiency resulted in decreased production of chemokines CCL2 and CCL7 by colonic CX3CR1hi resident macrophages and reduced accumulation of CX3CR1int pro-inflammatory MPh in colitis colon tissue. Mice received AAV-shFbxw7 administration showed significantly improved survival rate and alleviated colitis. Mechanisms screening demonstrated that FBXW7 suppresses H3K27me3 modification and promotes Ccl2 and Ccl7 expression via degradation of histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 in macrophages. Taken together, our results indicate that FBXW7 degrades EZH2 and increases Ccl2/Ccl7 in CX3CR1hi macrophages, which promotes the recruiting CX3CR1int pro-inflammatory MPh into local colon tissues with colitis. Targeting FBXW7 might represent a potential therapeutic approach for intestine inflammation intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinjing Song
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gaopeng Li
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Xue
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and
| | - Xintao Tu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Pan
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhinong Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuetao Cao
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Lai
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Cheng H, Wang Z, Fu L, Xu T. Macrophage Polarization in the Development and Progression of Ovarian Cancers: An Overview. Front Oncol 2019; 9:421. [PMID: 31192126 PMCID: PMC6540821 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy worldwide. Most patients are diagnosed at late stages because of atypical symptoms and the lack of effective early diagnostic measures. The mechanisms underlying the oncogenesis and development of ovarian cancer are not clear. Macrophages, immune cells derived from the innate immune system, have two states of polarization (M1 and M2) that develop in response to different stimuli. The polarization and differentiation of macrophages into the cancer-inhibiting M1 and cancer-promoting M2 types represent the two states of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. The interaction of polarized macrophages with cancer cells plays a crucial role in a variety of cancers. However, the effects of macrophage M1/M2 polarization on ovarian cancer have not yet been systematically and fully discussed. In this review, we discuss not only the occurrence, development and influences of macrophage polarization but also the association between macrophage polarization and ovarian cancer. The polarization of macrophages into the M1 and M2 phenotypes plays a pivotal role in ovarian cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis, and provides targets for macrophage-centered treatment in the cancer microenvironment for ovarian cancer therapy. We also addressed the regulation of macrophage polarization in ovarian cancer via noncoding RNAs, exosomes, and epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyan Cheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianmin Xu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Yang C, Lu M, Chen W, He Z, Hou X, Feng M, Zhang H, Bo T, Zhou X, Yu Y, Zhang H, Zhao M, Wang L, Yu C, Gao L, Jiang W, Zhang Q, Zhao J. Thyrotropin aggravates atherosclerosis by promoting macrophage inflammation in plaques. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1182-1198. [PMID: 30940720 PMCID: PMC6504213 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased cardiovascular risk in subclinical hypothyroidism has traditionally been attributed to the associated metabolic disorders. This paper, however, revealed that TSH can aggravate atherosclerosis by promoting macrophage inflammation in the plaque, which deepens our understanding of the significance of TSH elevation in subclinical hypothyroidism. Subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with cardiovascular diseases, yet the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Herein, in a common population (n = 1,103), TSH level was found to be independently correlated with both carotid plaque prevalence and intima-media thickness. Consistently, TSH receptor ablation in ApoE−/− mice attenuated atherogenesis, accompanied by decreased vascular inflammation and macrophage burden in atherosclerotic plaques. These results were also observed in myeloid-specific Tshr-deficient ApoE−/− mice, which indicated macrophages to be a critical target of the proinflammatory and atherogenic effects of TSH. In vitro experiments further revealed that TSH activated MAPKs (ERK1/2, p38α, and JNK) and IκB/p65 pathways in macrophages and increased inflammatory cytokine production and their recruitment of monocytes. Thus, the present study has elucidated the new mechanisms by which TSH, as an independent risk factor of atherosclerosis, aggravates vascular inflammation and contributes to atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongbo Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhao He
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.,School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xu Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mei Feng
- Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongjia Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Bo
- Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Yu
- Department of Sonography, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haiqing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Laicheng Wang
- Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunxiao Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjian Jiang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qunye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, the State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Piedra-Quintero ZL, Serrano C, Villegas-Sepúlveda N, Maravillas-Montero JL, Romero-Ramírez S, Shibayama M, Medina-Contreras O, Nava P, Santos-Argumedo L. Myosin 1F Regulates M1-Polarization by Stimulating Intercellular Adhesion in Macrophages. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3118. [PMID: 30687322 PMCID: PMC6335276 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal macrophages are highly mobile cells with extraordinary plasticity and actively contribute to cytokine-mediated epithelial cell damage. The mechanisms triggering macrophage polarization into a proinflammatory phenotype are unknown. Here, we report that during inflammation macrophages enhance its intercellular adhesion properties in order to acquire a M1-phenotype. Using in vitro and in vivo models we demonstrate that intercellular adhesion is mediated by integrin-αVβ3 and relies in the presence of the unconventional class I myosin 1F (Myo1F). Intercellular adhesion mediated by αVβ3 stimulates M1-like phenotype in macrophages through hyperactivation of STAT1 and STAT3 downstream of ILK/Akt/mTOR signaling. Inhibition of integrin-αVβ3, Akt/mTOR, or lack of Myo1F attenuated the commitment of macrophages into a pro-inflammatory phenotype. In a model of colitis, Myo1F deficiency strongly reduces the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, decreases epithelial damage, ameliorates disease activity, and enhances tissue repair. Together our findings uncover an unknown role for Myo1F as part of the machinery that regulates intercellular adhesion and polarization in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolina Serrano
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, Cinvestav Zacatenco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - José L Maravillas-Montero
- Research Support Network, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sandra Romero-Ramírez
- Research Support Network, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mineko Shibayama
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Cinvestav Zacatenco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Oscar Medina-Contreras
- Immunology and Proteomics Laboratory, Mexico Children's Hospital Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Porfirio Nava
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, Cinvestav Zacatenco, Mexico City, Mexico
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Leopold Wager CM, Hole CR, Campuzano A, Castro-Lopez N, Cai H, Caballero Van Dyke MC, Wozniak KL, Wang Y, Wormley FL. IFN-γ immune priming of macrophages in vivo induces prolonged STAT1 binding and protection against Cryptococcus neoformans. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007358. [PMID: 30304063 PMCID: PMC6197699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of vaccines against opportunistic infections is difficult as patients most at risk of developing disease are deficient in aspects of the adaptive immune system. Here, we utilized an experimental immunization strategy to induce innate memory in macrophages in vivo. Unlike current trained immunity models, we present an innate memory-like phenotype in macrophages that is maintained for at least 70 days post-immunization and results in complete protection against secondary challenge in the absence of adaptive immune cells. RNA-seq analysis of in vivo IFN-γ primed macrophages revealed a rapid up-regulation of IFN-γ and STAT1 signaling pathways following secondary challenge. The enhanced cytokine recall responses appeared to be pathogen-specific, dependent on changes in histone methylation and acetylation, and correlated with increased STAT1 binding to promoter regions of genes associated with protective anti-fungal immunity. Thus, we demonstrate an alternative mechanism to induce macrophage innate memory in vivo that facilitates pathogen-specific vaccine-mediated immune responses. Fungal infections are a significant global health problem that can affect anyone, however, individuals with a weakened immune system are most at risk. Cryptococcus neoformans infections can progress to meningitis in immune compromised individuals accounting for nearly 220,000 new cases annually, resulting in 181,000 deaths. Vaccine strategies tend to target CD4+ T cells for the generation of protective memory responses. However, immune compromised individuals have decreased numbers of these adaptive cells, providing a challenge for anti-fungal vaccine design. Here, we define a cellular mechanism by which macrophages, an innate cell population, generate protective immune responses against C. neoformans following initial exposure to a C. neoformans strain that secretes IFN-γ. We determined that the macrophages primed in vivo have heightened proinflammatory cytokine responses upon secondary exposure to C. neoformans in a manner that is mTOR-independent, yet dependent on histone modification dynamics. We show that IFN-γ primed macrophages can maintain STAT1 binding to the promoter regions of key proinflammatory genes long after the initial exposure. Remarkably, our studies show long-lived, cryptococcal-specific protective immunity in vivo. The results presented herein demonstrate that innate cell populations, namely macrophages, can be utilized as vaccine targets to protect against cryptococcal infections in immune compromised populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrissy M. Leopold Wager
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- The South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - Camaron R. Hole
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- The South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - Althea Campuzano
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- The South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - Natalia Castro-Lopez
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- The South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - Hong Cai
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- The South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - Marley C. Caballero Van Dyke
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- The South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - Karen L. Wozniak
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- The South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- The South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - Floyd L. Wormley
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- The South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mohammadi A, Sharifi A, Pourpaknia R, Mohammadian S, Sahebkar A. Manipulating macrophage polarization and function using classical HDAC inhibitors: Implications for autoimmunity and inflammation. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 128:1-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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The Kat in the HAT: The Histone Acetyl Transferase Kat6b (MYST4) Is Downregulated in Murine Macrophages in Response to LPS. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:7852742. [PMID: 29977151 PMCID: PMC6011073 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7852742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modulators, including histone methylases, demethylases, and deacetylases, have been implicated previously in the regulation of classical and alternative macrophage activation pathways. In this study, we show that the histone acetyl transferase (HAT) Kat6B (MYST4) is strongly suppressed (>80%) in macrophages by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (M1 activation), while Kat6A, its partner in the MOZ/MORF complex, is reciprocally upregulated. This pattern of expression is not altered by LPS together with the adenosine receptor agonist NECA (M2d activation). This is despite the observation that miR-487b, a putative regulator of Kat6B expression, is mildly stimulated by LPS, but strongly suppressed by LPS/NECA. Other members of the MYST family of HATs (Kat5, Kat7, and Kat8) are unaffected by LPS treatment. Using the pLightswitch 3′UTR reporter plasmid, the miR-487b binding site in the Kat6b 3′UTR was found to play a role in the LPS-mediated suppression of Kat6B expression, but other as-yet unidentified factors are also involved. As Kat6B is a HAT that has the potential to modulate gene expression by its effects on chromatin accessibility, we are continuing our studies into the potential roles of this epigenetic modulator in macrophage activation pathways.
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39
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Macrophage Polarization in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Killers or Builders? J Immunol Res 2018. [PMID: 29507865 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8917804]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are key cellular components of the innate immunity, acting as the main player in the first-line defence against the pathogens and modulating homeostatic and inflammatory responses. Plasticity is a major feature of macrophages resulting in extreme heterogeneity both in normal and in pathological conditions. Macrophages are not homogenous, and they are generally categorized into two broad but distinct subsets as either classically activated (M1) or alternatively activated (M2). However, macrophages represent a continuum of highly plastic effector cells, resembling a spectrum of diverse phenotype states. Induction of specific macrophage functions is closely related to the surrounding environment that acts as a relevant orchestrator of macrophage functions. This phenomenon, termed polarization, results from cell/cell, cell/molecule interaction, governing macrophage functionality within the hosting tissues. Here, we summarized relevant cellular and molecular mechanisms driving macrophage polarization in "distant" pathological conditions, such as cancer, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and periodontitis that share macrophage-driven inflammation as a key feature, playing their dual role as killers (M1-like) and/or builders (M2-like). We also dissect the physio/pathological consequences related to macrophage polarization within selected chronic inflammatory diseases, placing polarized macrophages as a relevant hallmark, putative biomarkers, and possible target for prevention/therapy.
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Shapouri-Moghaddam A, Mohammadian S, Vazini H, Taghadosi M, Esmaeili SA, Mardani F, Seifi B, Mohammadi A, Afshari JT, Sahebkar A. Macrophage plasticity, polarization, and function in health and disease. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6425-6440. [PMID: 29319160 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2614] [Impact Index Per Article: 435.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are heterogeneous and their phenotype and functions are regulated by the surrounding micro-environment. Macrophages commonly exist in two distinct subsets: 1) Classically activated or M1 macrophages, which are pro-inflammatory and polarized by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) either alone or in association with Th1 cytokines such as IFN-γ, GM-CSF, and produce pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-12, IL-23, and TNF-α; and 2) Alternatively activated or M2 macrophages, which are anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory and polarized by Th2 cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13 and produce anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β. M1 and M2 macrophages have different functions and transcriptional profiles. They have unique abilities by destroying pathogens or repair the inflammation-associated injury. It is known that M1/M2 macrophage balance polarization governs the fate of an organ in inflammation or injury. When the infection or inflammation is severe enough to affect an organ, macrophages first exhibit the M1 phenotype to release TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12, and IL-23 against the stimulus. But, if M1 phase continues, it can cause tissue damage. Therefore, M2 macrophages secrete high amounts of IL-10 and TGF-β to suppress the inflammation, contribute to tissue repair, remodeling, vasculogenesis, and retain homeostasis. In this review, we first discuss the basic biology of macrophages including origin, differentiation and activation, tissue distribution, plasticity and polarization, migration, antigen presentation capacity, cytokine and chemokine production, metabolism, and involvement of microRNAs in macrophage polarization and function. Secondly, we discuss the protective and pathogenic role of the macrophage subsets in normal and pathological pregnancy, anti-microbial defense, anti-tumor immunity, metabolic disease and obesity, asthma and allergy, atherosclerosis, fibrosis, wound healing, and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Shapouri-Moghaddam
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Mohammadian
- Faculty of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Vazini
- Nursing Department, Basic Sciences Faculty, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Taghadosi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili
- Faculty of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mardani
- Faculty of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bita Seifi
- Department of Anatomy, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Iran
| | - Asadollah Mohammadi
- Inflammation and Inflammatory Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jalil T Afshari
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Mohammadi S, Saghaeian-Jazi M, Sedighi S, Memarian A. Sodium valproate modulates immune response by alternative activation of monocyte-derived macrophages in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rheumatol 2018; 37:719-727. [PMID: 29196891 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-017-3922-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory role of macrophages in apoptotic cells (ACs) clearance is involved in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. The efferocytic capability of macrophages is altered by M1/M2 polarization. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are proposed to enhance the expansion of M2 macrophages. Sodium valproate (VPA) is an HDACi with different anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of HDACi by VPA on the polarization of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) and regulating the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines in SLE. We studied the ex vivo alterations of MDMs among 15 newly diagnosed SLE patients and 10 normal subjects followed by ACs and VPA treatments. M1/M2 polarization was assessed by expression of CD86/CD163, IL1-β, IDO-1, and MRC-1 among treated and non-treated MDMs. We also evaluated the production of IL-10, IL-12, TGF-β1, and TNF-α cytokines in the cell culture supernatants. CD163 was overexpressed upon VPA treatment, while CD86 showed no significant change. IL1-β and IDO-1 genes were significantly downregulated, and the mRNA expression of MRC-1 was increased among VPA-treated MDMs of SLE patients. The anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β1) were overproduced while TNF-α level was decreased in response to VPA. The population of classically activated macrophages was more prevalent among SLE patients and efferocytosis was defected. VPA could successfully enhance the anti-inflammatory immune response through alternative activation of MDMs in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mohammadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Marie Saghaeian-Jazi
- Biochemistry and Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Sima Sedighi
- Joint, Bone and Connective tissue Research Center (JBCRC), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Ali Memarian
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
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Chu F, Shi M, Zheng C, Shen D, Zhu J, Zheng X, Cui L. The roles of macrophages and microglia in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 318:1-7. [PMID: 29606295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorder characterized by chronic inflammation, demyelination, as well as axonal and neuronal loss in the central nervous system (CNS). Macrophages and microglia are important components of the innate immune system. They participate in the primary response to microorganisms and play a role in inflammatory responses, homeostasis, and tissue regeneration. In the initial phase of MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS, macrophages from peripheral tissues infiltrate into the CNS and, together with residential microglia, contribute to the pathogenesis of MS. In the early stages, microglia and macrophages are expressed as the M1 phenotype, which can release proinflammatory cytokines, leading to tissue damage in the CNS. However, in the later stage, the M2 phenotype, which is the phenotype that is associated with resolving inflammation and tissue repair, becomes predominant in the CNS. Therefore, it is hypothesized that the M1/M2 phenotype balance plays an important role in disease progression and that the transition from the proinflammatory M1 phenotype to the regulatory or anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype can lead to restoration of homeostasis and improved functional outcomes. This review of recent literature focuses on the discussion of the M1/M2 phenotypes of microglia and macrophages as well as their relevance in the pathophysiology and treatment of MS and EAE. Furthermore, the possibility of directing the polarization of microglia and macrophages toward the M2 phenotype as a therapeutic and preventative strategy for MS is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengna Chu
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Mingchao Shi
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Donghui Shen
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-14157 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Xiangyu Zheng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Li Cui
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
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43
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Macrophage Polarization in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Killers or Builders? J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:8917804. [PMID: 29507865 PMCID: PMC5821995 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8917804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are key cellular components of the innate immunity, acting as the main player in the first-line defence against the pathogens and modulating homeostatic and inflammatory responses. Plasticity is a major feature of macrophages resulting in extreme heterogeneity both in normal and in pathological conditions. Macrophages are not homogenous, and they are generally categorized into two broad but distinct subsets as either classically activated (M1) or alternatively activated (M2). However, macrophages represent a continuum of highly plastic effector cells, resembling a spectrum of diverse phenotype states. Induction of specific macrophage functions is closely related to the surrounding environment that acts as a relevant orchestrator of macrophage functions. This phenomenon, termed polarization, results from cell/cell, cell/molecule interaction, governing macrophage functionality within the hosting tissues. Here, we summarized relevant cellular and molecular mechanisms driving macrophage polarization in “distant” pathological conditions, such as cancer, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and periodontitis that share macrophage-driven inflammation as a key feature, playing their dual role as killers (M1-like) and/or builders (M2-like). We also dissect the physio/pathological consequences related to macrophage polarization within selected chronic inflammatory diseases, placing polarized macrophages as a relevant hallmark, putative biomarkers, and possible target for prevention/therapy.
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Pérez-Cabeza de Vaca R, Domínguez-López M, Guerrero-Celis N, Rodríguez-Aguilera JR, Chagoya de Sánchez V. Inflammation is regulated by the adenosine derivative molecule, IFC-305, during reversion of cirrhosis in a CCl4 rat model. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 54:12-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Jiang L, Li X, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Tang Z, Lv K. Microarray and bioinformatics analyses of gene expression profiles in BALB/c murine macrophage polarization. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7382-7390. [PMID: 28944843 PMCID: PMC5865869 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages possess the hallmark feature of plasticity, allowing them to undergo a dynamic transition between M1 and M2 polarized phenotypes. The aim of the present study was to screen for differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) that were associated with BALB/c murine macrophage polarization. The transcription profiles of three M1 and three M2 samples were obtained using microarray analysis. Based on the threshold of fold-change >2.0 and P-value <0.05, a total of 1,253 DEGs were identified, of which 696 were upregulated and 557 downregulated in M1 macrophages compared with M2 macrophages. Gene Ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed. A gene-gene interaction network of the DEGs was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database. GO annotation identified three categories: Cellular component, molecular function and biological process, with 34 and 40 enrichment terms consisting of upregulated and downregulated DEGs, respectively. GO enrichment analysis of DEGs was primarily associated with protein binding, response to stimulus, cell differentiation, and regulation of biological process. KEGG enrichment identified 15 and four pathways involving upregulated and downregulated DEGs, respectively. Signaling pathway analysis revealed that these DEGs were mainly involved in apoptosis, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1a pathway, innate immune system, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and other signal transduction pathways. Interaction network analysis indicated that genes including TNF, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, nitric oxide synthase 2, HIF1a may serve key roles in macrophage polarization. The present study provided new insights into the role of genes in macrophage differentiation and polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210001, P.R. China
| | - Xueqin Li
- Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Mengying Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Zongsheng Tang
- Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Kun Lv
- Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
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A Proinflammatory Effect of the β-Glucan from Pleurotus cornucopiae Mushroom on Macrophage Action. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:8402405. [PMID: 28611507 PMCID: PMC5458384 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8402405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PCPS from P. citrinopileatus mushroom extract is a β-1,6-glucan possessing a proinflammatory effect on innate immune cells. The PCPS stimulated THP-1 macrophages to secrete significant levels of TNF. Moreover, the mRNA expressions of TNF and IL-1β were significantly enhanced by PCPS treatment. However, the PCPS did not induce to express both IL-12 and IL-10 mRNA in the macrophages. Next, the P. cornucopiae extract (containing mainly PCPS) treatment against mice showed significant increases in TNF and IL-1β mRNA expressions in the peritoneal macrophages of them. In this study, the expression levels of IFNγ mRNA in the spleen were almost the same between the extract- (PCPS-) treated group and control group. However, the expression of IL-4 mRNA showed a lower level in the extract-treated group than that in the control. Our results suggested that the PCPS could induce proinflammatory action in the immune response. In addition, the proinflammatory effect of the PCPS on THP-1 was enhanced by 5′-GMP-Na, while it was reduced by vitamin D2. These two compounds are majorly contained in the P. citrinopileatus mushroom. Therefore, these results suggested that the P. citrinopileatus mushroom might contain other immune regulative compounds, such as vitamin D2, as well as PCPS.
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Zhou D, Yang K, Chen L, Zhang W, Xu Z, Zuo J, Jiang H, Luan J. Promising landscape for regulating macrophage polarization: epigenetic viewpoint. Oncotarget 2017; 8:57693-57706. [PMID: 28915705 PMCID: PMC5593677 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are critical myeloid cells with the hallmark of phenotypic heterogeneity and functional plasticity. Macrophages phenotypes are commonly described as classically-activated M1 and alternatively-activated M2 macrophages which play an essential role in the tissues homeostasis and diseases pathogenesis. Alternations of macrophage polarization and function states require precise regulation of target-gene expression. Emerging data demonstrate that epigenetic mechanisms and transcriptional factors are becoming increasingly appreciated in the orchestration of macrophage polarization in response to local environmental signals. This review is to focus on the advanced concepts of epigenetics changes involved with the macrophage polarization, including microRNAs, DNA methylation and histone modification, which are responsible for the altered cellular signaling and signature genes expression during M1 or M2 polarization. Eventually, the persistent investigation and understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in tissue macrophage polarization and function will enhance the potential to develop novel therapeutic targets for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexi Zhou
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Kui Yang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhenyu Xu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jian Zuo
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiajie Luan
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
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Yıldırım-Buharalıoğlu G, Bond M, Sala-Newby GB, Hindmarch CCT, Newby AC. Regulation of Epigenetic Modifiers, Including KDM6B, by Interferon-γ and Interleukin-4 in Human Macrophages. Front Immunol 2017; 8:92. [PMID: 28228757 PMCID: PMC5296311 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) or interleukin-4 (IL-4) drives widely different transcriptional programs in macrophages. However, how IFN-γ and IL-4 alter expression of histone-modifying enzymes involved in epigenetic regulation and how this affects the resulting phenotypic polarization is incompletely understood. Methods and results We investigated steady-state messenger RNA levels of 84 histone-modifying enzymes and related regulators in colony-stimulating factor-1 differentiated primary human macrophages using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. IFN-γ or IL-4 treatment for 6–48 h changed 11 mRNAs significantly. IFN-γ increased CIITA, KDM6B, and NCOA1, and IL-4 also increased KDM6B by 6 h. However, either cytokine decreased AURKB, ESCO2, SETD6, SUV39H1, and WHSC1, whereas IFN-γ alone decreased KAT2A, PRMT7, and SMYD3 mRNAs only after 18 h, which coincided with decreased cell proliferation. Rendering macrophages quiescent by growth factor starvation or adenovirus-mediated overexpression of p27kip1 inhibited expression of AURKB, ESCO2, SUV39H1, and WHSC1, and mRNA levels were restored by overexpressing the S-phase transcription factor E2F1, implying their expression, at least partly, depended on proliferation. However, CIITA, KDM6B, NCOA1, KAT2A, PRMT7, SETD6, and SMYD3 were regulated independently of effects on proliferation. Silencing KDM6B, the only transcriptional activator upregulated by both IFN-γ and IL-4, pharmacologically or with short hairpin RNA, blunted a subset of responses to each cytokine. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that IFN-γ or IL-4 can regulate the expression of histone acetyl transferases and histone methyl transferases independently of effects on proliferation and that upregulation of the histone demethylase, KDM6B, assists phenotypic polarization by both cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Bond
- Chair of Vascular Cell Biology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol , Bristol , UK
| | - Graciela B Sala-Newby
- Chair of Vascular Cell Biology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol , Bristol , UK
| | - Charles C T Hindmarch
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Andrew C Newby
- Chair of Vascular Cell Biology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol , Bristol , UK
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Roles of HDACs in the Responses of Innate Immune Cells and as Targets in Inflammatory Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1024:91-110. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5987-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Emerging Roles for Epigenetic Programming in the Control of Inflammatory Signaling Integration in Heath and Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1024:63-90. [PMID: 28921465 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5987-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages and dendritic cells initiate the innate immune response to infection and injury and contribute to inflammatory signaling to maintain the homeostasis of various tissues, which includes resident macrophages for the elimination of invading microorganisms and tissue damage. Inappropriate inflammatory signaling can lead to persistent inflammation and further develop into autoimmune and inflammation-associated diseases. Inflammatory signaling pathways have been well characterized, but how these signaling pathways are converted into sustained and diverse patterns of expression of cytokines, chemokines, and other genes in response to environmental challenges is unclear. Emerging evidence suggests the important role of epigenetic mechanisms in finely tuning the outcome of the host innate immune response. An understanding of epigenetic regulation of innate immune cell identity and function will enable the identification of the mechanism between gene-specific host defenses and inflammatory disease and will also allow for exploration of the program of innate immune memory in health and disease. This information could be used to develop therapeutic agents to enhance the host response, preventing chronic inflammation through preserving tissues and signaling integrity.
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