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Haybar H, Sarbazjoda E, Purrahman D, Mahmoudian-Sani MR, Saki N. The prognostic potential of long noncoding RNA XIST in cardiovascular diseases: a review. Per Med 2024; 21:257-269. [PMID: 38889283 DOI: 10.1080/17410541.2024.2360380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
There is a significant mortality rate associated with cardiovascular disease despite advances in treatment. long Non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a critical role in many biological processes and their dysregulation is associated with a wide range of diseases in which their downstream pathways are disrupted. A lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) is well known as a factor that regulates the physiological process of chromosome dosage compensation for females. According to recent studies, lncRNA XIST is involved in a variety of cellular processes, including apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, oxidative stress and inflammation, through molecular networks with microRNAs and their downstream targets in neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases. Because these cellular processes play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, we aim to investigate the role that lncRNA XIST plays in this process. Additionally, we wish to determine whether it is a prognostic factor or a potential therapeutic target in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Haybar
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Sarbazjoda
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz,Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Daryush Purrahman
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz,Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mahmoudian-Sani
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz,Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz,Iran
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2
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Kong L, Cao Y, He Y, Zhang Y. Role and molecular mechanism of NOD2 in chronic non-communicable diseases. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:787-799. [PMID: 38740600 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02451-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2), located in the cell cytoplasm, is a pattern recognition receptor belonging to the innate immune receptor family. It mediates the innate immune response by identifying conserved sequences in bacterial peptide glycans and plays an essential role in maintaining immune system homeostasis. Gene mutations of NOD2 lead to the development of autoimmune diseases such as Crohn's disease and Blau syndrome. Recently, NOD2 has been shown to be associated with the pathogenesis of diabetes, cardiac-cerebral diseases, and cancers. However, the function of NOD2 in these non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) is not well summarized in reviews. Our report mainly discusses the primary function and molecular mechanism of NOD2 as well as its potential clinical significance in CNCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjun Kong
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan He
- Gamma Knife Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Liu T, Guo Y, Liao Y, Liu J. Mechanism-guided fine-tuned microbiome potentiates anti-tumor immunity in HCC. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1333864. [PMID: 38169837 PMCID: PMC10758498 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1333864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbiome, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, plays a crucial role in shaping distal and proximal anti-tumor immunity. Mounting evidence showed that commensal microbiome critically modulates immunophenotyping of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a leading cause of cancer-related death. However, their role in anti-tumor surveillance of HCC is still poorly understood. Herein, we spotlighted growing interests in how the microbiome influences the progression and immunotherapeutic responses of HCC via changing local tumor microenvironment (TME) upon translocating to the sites of HCC through different "cell-type niches". Moreover, we summarized not only the associations but also the deep insight into the mechanisms of how the extrinsic microbiomes interplay with hosts to shape immune surveillance and regulate TME and immunotherapeutic responses. Collectively, we provided a rationale for a mechanism-guided fine-tuned microbiome to be neoadjuvant immunotherapy in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanxia Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Jing L, Zheng D, Sun X, Shi Z. DBDPE upregulates NOD-like receptor signaling to induce NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated HAECs pyroptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 318:120882. [PMID: 36549449 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), a typical new brominated flame retardant (BFR), is a widespread new pollutant in the environment. Several studies and our previous studies have found that DBDPE can cause aortic endothelial injury and aortic endothelial cell pyroptosis, whereas the molecular mechanism involved has not been elucidated. In this study, we exposed human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) to 25 μmol/L of DBDPE and analyzed the gene expression profiles by Affymetrix PrimeView™ Human Gene Expression Chip. The results showed that 886 genes were differentially expressed in the DBDPE exposure group. Enrichment analyses revealed that differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the inflammatory response and NOD-like receptor signal pathway. Gene-gene functional interaction analyses and crossover genes and pathways analyses found that the NOD-like receptor signal pathway may be involved in regulating NLRP3 and IL-18. We found that NOD2 cannot interact with NLRP3 directly through an immunoprecipitation experiment. Thus, we construct the RIPK2 knockdown HAECs cell line to repress the NOD-like receptor signaling and further study the mechanism of DBDPE-activated NLRP3 inflammasome to induce HAECs pyroptosis. The results showed that RIPK2 knockdown could repress DBDPE-induced NOD-like receptor signaling pathway upregulation, inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and decrease HAECs pyroptosis. In addition, RIPK2 knockdown decreased the ROS generation in HAECs induced by DBDPE. And NAC pretreated HAECs inhibited DBDPE-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and HAECs pyroptosis. These results demonstrated that DBDPE upregulated NOD-like receptor signaling to induce ROS generation and, in turn, activated NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to HAECs pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jing
- School of Public Health and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Dan Zheng
- School of Public Health and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xuejing Sun
- School of Public Health and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhixiong Shi
- School of Public Health and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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5
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Hu J, Dusenge MA, Ye Q, Zhao YQ, Tan L, Feng Y, Zhao J, Gao ZR, Zhang SH, Chen Y, Zhou YH, Guo Y, Feng YZ. Role of NOD2 and hepcidin in inflammatory periapical periodontitis. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:263. [PMID: 35764993 PMCID: PMC9241313 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02286-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunological response occurring during periapical inflammation includes expression of nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2 and hepcidin. Nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2 deficiency increases infiltration of inflammatory cells close to alveolar bone. Hepcidin has an important role in iron metabolism affecting bone metabolism.We investigated the role of nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2 and hepcidin in inflammatory periapical periodontitis. Periapical periodontitis was induced in rats and confirmed by micro-computed tomography. Nucleotide binding oligomerization domain 2 and hepcidin were evaluated through immunohistochemistry. Bioinformatics analysis was undertaken usingthe Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology databases. Micro-computer tomography revealed alveolar bone resorption in the periapical region and furcation area of mandibular molars in rats of the periapical periodontitis group. Immunohistochemistry showed increased expressionof nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2 and hepcidin around root apices in rats of the periapical periodontitis group. Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed genes in inflamed and non-inflamed tissues revealed enrichment in the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Our data suggest that nucleotide binding oligomization domain contain2 and hepcidin have important roles in periapical periodontitis severity because they can reduce alveolar bone loss.They could elicit new perspectives for development of novel strategies for periapical periodontitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Marie Aimee Dusenge
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Ye
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Qiong Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Li Tan
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yao Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng-Rong Gao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Shao-Hui Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ying-Hui Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Yun-Zhi Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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6
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Dubé JY, McIntosh F, Behr MA. Mice Dually Disrupted for Nod2 and Mincle Manifest Early Bacteriological Control but Late Susceptibility During Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:862992. [PMID: 35418999 PMCID: PMC8995500 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.862992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors Mincle and NOD2 have been implicated in mycobacterial immunity. However, knockout (KO) animal infection studies with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) have had mild/delayed phenotypes. Given that genetic susceptibility to infectious diseases can be polygenic, we hypothesized that murine double knockout (DKO) of Mincle and Nod2 would result in exacerbation of altered immunity to mycobacterial infection leading to a more extreme phenotype than either KO alone. To test this hypothesis, we monitored bacterial burden, immune responses and survival following in vivo infections with Mtb in DKO mice for comparison to wildtype (WT) and single KOs. Bacterial burden and immune responses were not significantly affected at 3 and 6 weeks after infection in all mutant mice. At later timepoints, Nod2-KO mice had reduced survival compared to wildtype mice, and Mincle-KO survival was intermediate. Unexpectedly, dual disruption had no further effect; rather, DKO mice phenocopied Nod2-KO mice. We observed that Mtb-related death, exclusively in mice with disrupted Nod2, was accompanied by greater pulmonary cell death and distinct large necrotic foci. Therefore, determining how these receptors contribute to mycobacterial resistance will require analysis of immunophenotypes and their consequences on host pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Yves Dubé
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,McGill International TB Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Fiona McIntosh
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,McGill International TB Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marcel A Behr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,McGill International TB Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
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7
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Vascular Pathobiology: Atherosclerosis and Large Vessel Disease. Cardiovasc Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822224-9.00006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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8
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Knockdown of circular RNA hsa_circ_0003204 inhibits oxidative stress and apoptosis through the miR-330-5p/Nod2 axis to ameliorate endothelial cell injury induced by low-density lipoprotein. Cent Eur J Immunol 2021; 46:140-151. [PMID: 34764783 PMCID: PMC8568026 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2021.108174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Atherosclerosis (AS) is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0003204 (hsa_circ_0003204) was elevated in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells. However, the role and molecular mechanism of hsa_circ_0003204 in the AS process have not been studied. Material and methods Human primary aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were treated with low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to establish the AS model. The viability of ox-LDL-induced HAECs was assessed by counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in ox-LDL-induced HAECs supernatant were evaluated with the relevant kits. The apoptosis of ox-LDL-induced HAECs was determined via flow cytometry assay. The expression of hsa_circ_0003204, miR-330-5p, and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (Nod2) was analyzed through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The relationship between hsa_circ_0003204 or Nod2 and miR-330-5p was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Protein level of Nod2 was detected using western blot analysis. Results Hsa_circ_0003204 and Nod2 were upregulated while miR-330-5p was decreased in ox-LDL-induced HAECs. Hsa_circ_0003204 depletion restrained the oxidative stress and apoptosis of ox-LDL-induced HAECs. Notably, hsa_circ_0003204 regulated Nod2 expression via sponging miR-330-5p in HAECs. Moreover, miR-330-5p inhibition restored the constraint of the oxidative stress and apoptosis of ox-LDL-induced HAECs caused by hsa_circ_0003204 silencing. Additionally, miR-330-5p targeted Nod2 and Nod2 enhancement abolished the repressive effects of miR-330-5p overexpression on the oxidative stress and apoptosis of ox-LDL-induced HAECs. Conclusions Hsa_circ_0003204 exhaustion mitigated endothelial cell injury through suppressing the oxidative stress and apoptosis in ox-LDL-induced HAECs via the miR-330-5p/Nod2 axis.
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9
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Petrykey K, Rezgui AM, Guern ML, Beaulieu P, St-Onge P, Drouin S, Bertout L, Wang F, Baedke JL, Yasui Y, Hudson MM, Raboisson MJ, Laverdière C, Sinnett D, Andelfinger GU, Krajinovic M. Genetic factors in treatment-related cardiovascular complications in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pharmacogenomics 2021; 22:885-901. [PMID: 34505544 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2021-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Cardiovascular disease represents one of the main causes of secondary morbidity and mortality in patients with childhood cancer. Patients & methods: To further address this issue, we analyzed cardiovascular complications in relation to common and rare genetic variants derived through whole-exome sequencing from childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors (PETALE cohort). Results: Significant associations were detected among common variants in the TTN gene, left ventricular ejection fraction (p ≤ 0.0005), and fractional shortening (p ≤ 0.001). Rare variants enrichment in the NOS1, ABCG2 and NOD2 was observed in relation to left ventricular ejection fraction, and in NOD2 and ZNF267 genes in relation to fractional shortening. Following stratification according to risk groups, the modulatory effect of rare variants was additionally found in the CBR1, ABCC5 and AKR1C3 genes. None of the associations was replicated in St-Jude Lifetime Cohort Study. Conclusion: Further studies are needed to confirm whether the described genetic markers may be useful in identifying patients at increased risk of these complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Petrykey
- Immune Diseases and Cancer Research Axis, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Université de Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Aziz M Rezgui
- Immune Diseases and Cancer Research Axis, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Mathilde Le Guern
- Immune Diseases and Cancer Research Axis, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Patrick Beaulieu
- Immune Diseases and Cancer Research Axis, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Pascal St-Onge
- Immune Diseases and Cancer Research Axis, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Simon Drouin
- Immune Diseases and Cancer Research Axis, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Laurence Bertout
- Immune Diseases and Cancer Research Axis, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology & Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jessica L Baedke
- Department of Epidemiology & Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- Department of Epidemiology & Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Melissa M Hudson
- Department of Epidemiology & Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.,Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Marie-Josée Raboisson
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.,Cardiology Unit, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Caroline Laverdière
- Immune Diseases and Cancer Research Axis, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Daniel Sinnett
- Immune Diseases and Cancer Research Axis, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Gregor U Andelfinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.,Fetomaternal and Neonatal Pathologies Research Axis, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Maja Krajinovic
- Immune Diseases and Cancer Research Axis, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Université de Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
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10
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Hepatic NOD2 promotes hepatocarcinogenesis via a RIP2-mediated proinflammatory response and a novel nuclear autophagy-mediated DNA damage mechanism. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:9. [PMID: 33413510 PMCID: PMC7791875 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-01028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Key hepatic molecules linking gut dysbiosis and hepatocarcinogenesis remain largely unknown. Gut-derived gut microbiota contains pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that may circulate into the liver and, consequently, be recognized by hepatic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). NOD2, a general intracellular PRR, recognizes muramyl dipeptide (MDP), present in both gram (+) and gram (−) bacteria. Here, we investigated the role of NOD2 as a molecular sensor translating gut dysbiosis signaling into hepatocarcinogenesis. Methods NOD2 expression was measured in clinical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples using qPCR (80 pairs), western blotting (30 pairs) and immunostaining (141 pairs). The role of NOD2 in hepatocarcinogenesis was examined in the hepatocyte-specific Nod2-knockout (Nod2△hep), Rip2-knockout (Rip2△hep), Lamin A/C-knockout (Lamn△hep) and Rip2/Lamin A/C double-knockout (Rip2/Lamn△hep) mice models of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)/CCl4-induced HCC. Results NOD2 was upregulated and activated in HCC samples, and high NOD2 expression correlated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. Hepatic NOD2 deletion in vivo decreased DEN/CCl4-induced HCC by reducing the inflammatory response, DNA damage and genomic instability. NOD2 activation increased liver inflammation via RIP2-dependent activation of the MAPK, NF-κB and STAT3 pathways. Notably, a novel RIP2-independent mechanism was discovered, whereby NOD2 activation induces the nuclear autophagy pathway. We showed that NOD2 undergoes nuclear transport and directly binds to a component of nuclear laminae, lamin A/C, to promote its protein degradation, leading to impaired DNA damage repair and increased genomic instability. Conclusions We reveal a novel bridge, bacterial sensor NOD2, linking gut-derived microbial metabolites to hepatocarcinogenesis via induction of the inflammatory response and nuclear autophagy. Thus, we propose hepatic NOD2 as a promising therapeutic target against HCC.
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11
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Kong LJ, Wang YN, Wang Z, Lv QZ. NOD2 induces VCAM-1 and ET-1 gene expression via NF-κB in human umbilical vein endothelial cells with muramyl dipeptide stimulation. Herz 2020; 46:265-271. [PMID: 33245410 DOI: 10.1007/s00059-020-04996-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Endothelial dysfunction is involved in various aspects of vascular biology and different stages of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein (NOD) 2, a pivotal innate immune receptor for muramyl dipeptide (MDP), has been reported to be a central regulator in CVDs. Previously, we reported that NOD2 played a leading role in MDP-triggered oxidative stress in endothelial cells (ECs). However, whether NOD2 participates in the regulatory mechanism of vascular cell adhesion molecule‑1 (VCAM-1) and endothelin‑1 (ET-1) expression was not elucidated. METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated with MDP for 12 h. mRNA expression of VCAM‑1 and ET‑1 was detected using real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Scrambled control small interfering RNA (siRNA) and NOD2 siRNA were transfected into HUVECs using Lipofectamine 2000 reagent (Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA). Furthermore, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate was adopted to investigate the effect of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) on NOD2-mediated VCAM‑1 and ET‑1 gene expression in MDP-treated HUVECs. RESULTS Data showed that MDP significantly increased VCAM‑1 and ET‑1 mRNA expression, which was dependent on NOD2. In addition, NF-κB inhibition suppressed NOD2-mediated gene expression of VCAM‑1 and ET‑1. CONCLUSION Collectively, we confirmed NOD2 aggravated VCAM‑1 and ET‑1 gene expression through NF-κB in HUVECs treated with MDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Jun Kong
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, 250021, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University People's Hospital, 100044, Beijing, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian-Zhou Lv
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Sun C, Zhang X, Yu Y, Li Z, Xie Y. CARD9 mediates T cell inflammatory response in Coxsackievirus B3-induced acute myocarditis. Cardiovasc Pathol 2020; 49:107261. [PMID: 32771878 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2020.107261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac inflammation in Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced myocarditis is a consequence of viral-related cardiac injury and immune response. Caspase-associated recruitment domain 9 (CARD9) is a critical adaptor protein involved in transduction of signals from various innate pattern recognition receptors. In this study, the role of CARD9 in acute viral myocarditis was evaluated. CARD9-/- and C57BL/6 mice were infected with CVB3. On day 7 postinfection, myocardial tissue and blood samples were collected and examined. After CARD9 knockout, mRNA and protein levels of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β), interleukin-17A(IL-17A), and CARD domain of B-cell CLL/lymphoma 10(BCL-10) in the myocardium were markedly lower in CARD9-/- mice than in C57BL/6 mice with CVB3-induced viral myocarditis. This trend was similar for the pathological scores for inflammation and serum levels of cytokines interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-10(IL-10), interferon -γ(IFN-γ), TGF-β, and IL-17A. These results suggest that the CARD9-mediated secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines plays an important role in the immune response to acute viral myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchun Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Kunshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhengdong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuquan Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Vlacil AK, Schuett J, Ruppert V, Soufi M, Oberoi R, Shahin K, Wächter C, Tschernig T, Lei Y, Liu F, Tietge UJF, Schieffer B, Schuett H, Grote K. Deficiency of Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing proteins (NOD) 1 and 2 reduces atherosclerosis. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:47. [PMID: 32588196 PMCID: PMC7316681 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-0806-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is crucially fueled by inflammatory pathways including pattern recognition receptor (PRR)-related signaling of the innate immune system. Currently, the impact of the cytoplasmic PRRs nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein (NOD) 1 and 2 is incompletely characterized. We, therefore, generated Nod1/Nod2 double knockout mice on a low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr)-deficient background (= Ldlr−/−Nod1/2−/−) which were subsequently analyzed regarding experimental atherosclerosis, lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and gut microbiota composition. Compared to Ldlr−/− mice, Ldlr−/−Nod1/2−/− mice showed reduced plasma lipids and increased hepatic expression of the scavenger receptor LDL receptor-related protein 1 after feeding a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Furthermore, intestinal cholesterol and its bacterial degradation product coprostanol were elevated in Ldlr−/−Nod1/2−/− mice, correlating with the increased abundance of Eubacterium coprostanoligenes as assessed by 3rd generation sequencing of the gut microbiota. Atherosclerotic plaques of Ldlr−/−Nod1/2−/− mice exhibited less lipid deposition and macrophage accumulation. Moreover, macrophages from Ldlr−/−Nod1/2−/− mice showed higher expression of the cholesterol efflux transporters Abca1 and Abcg1 and accordingly reduced foam cell formation. Deficiency of Nod1 and Nod2 led to reduced plaque lipid deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration in atherosclerotic plaques. This might be explained by diminished plasma lipid levels and foam cell formation due to altered expression of key regulators of the hepatic cholesterol pathway as well as differential intestinal cholesterol metabolism and microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Vlacil
- Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jutta Schuett
- Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Volker Ruppert
- Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Muhidien Soufi
- Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Raghav Oberoi
- Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kinan Shahin
- Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Christian Wächter
- Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Tschernig
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Campus Homburg/Saar, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Yu Lei
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fan Liu
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Uwe J F Tietge
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bernhard Schieffer
- Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Harald Schuett
- Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Karsten Grote
- Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
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14
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Diaz-Ricart M, Torramade-Moix S, Pascual G, Palomo M, Moreno-Castaño AB, Martinez-Sanchez J, Vera M, Cases A, Escolar G. Endothelial Damage, Inflammation and Immunity in Chronic Kidney Disease. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12060361. [PMID: 32492843 PMCID: PMC7354562 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12060361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have an accelerated atherosclerosis, increased risk of thrombotic-ischemic complications, and excessive mortality rates when compared with the general population. There is also evidence of an endothelial damage in which the proinflammatory state, the enhanced oxidative stress, or the accumulation of toxins due to their reduced renal clearance in uremia play a role. Further, there is evidence that uremic endothelial cells are both involved in and victims of the activation of the innate immunity. Uremic endothelial cells produce danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPS), which by binding to specific pattern recognition receptors expressed in multiple cells, including endothelial cells, induce the expression of adhesion molecules, the production of proinflammatory cytokines and an enhanced production of reactive oxygen species in endothelial cells, which constitute a link between immunity and inflammation. The connection between endothelial damage, inflammation and defective immunity in uremia will be reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maribel Diaz-Ricart
- Hematopathology, Pathology Department, Center for Biomedical Diagnosis (CDB), Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.T.-M.); (M.P.); (A.B.M.-C.); (J.M.-S.); (G.E.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Endothelium Team, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Sergi Torramade-Moix
- Hematopathology, Pathology Department, Center for Biomedical Diagnosis (CDB), Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.T.-M.); (M.P.); (A.B.M.-C.); (J.M.-S.); (G.E.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Marta Palomo
- Hematopathology, Pathology Department, Center for Biomedical Diagnosis (CDB), Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.T.-M.); (M.P.); (A.B.M.-C.); (J.M.-S.); (G.E.)
- Barcelona Endothelium Team, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Hospital Clinic/University of Barcelona Campus, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Belen Moreno-Castaño
- Hematopathology, Pathology Department, Center for Biomedical Diagnosis (CDB), Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.T.-M.); (M.P.); (A.B.M.-C.); (J.M.-S.); (G.E.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Endothelium Team, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Martinez-Sanchez
- Hematopathology, Pathology Department, Center for Biomedical Diagnosis (CDB), Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.T.-M.); (M.P.); (A.B.M.-C.); (J.M.-S.); (G.E.)
- Barcelona Endothelium Team, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Hospital Clinic/University of Barcelona Campus, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Vera
- Nephrology Department. Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Aleix Cases
- Nephrology Department. Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Gines Escolar
- Hematopathology, Pathology Department, Center for Biomedical Diagnosis (CDB), Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.T.-M.); (M.P.); (A.B.M.-C.); (J.M.-S.); (G.E.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Endothelium Team, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Li Y, Liang P, Jiang B, Tang Y, Liu X, Liu M, Sun H, Chen C, Hao H, Liu Z, Xiao X. CARD9 promotes autophagy in cardiomyocytes in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via interacting with Rubicon directly. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:29. [PMID: 32248306 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-0790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy in cardiomyocyte is involved in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (M-I/R) injury. Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 (CARD9) plays a critical role in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as hypertension and cardiac fibrosis. However, its role in autophagy following M-I/R injury is yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we found that CARD9 expression increased in M-I/R mouse hearts, and in H9c2 or neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) in response to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) or H2O2. CARD9-/- mice exhibited a significant cardiac dysfunction following M-I/R injury (30 min of left ascending coronary (LAD) ischemia and 12 h of reperfusion) compared to wild-type (WT) mice. CARD9 deletion impaired autophagy during M-I/R in vivo and in vitro, evidenced by decrease of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) lipidation and p62 accumulation. Conversely, CARD9 overexpression increased autophagic flux as indicated by enhanced expression of LC3 II/LC3 I and a reduction in p62. The protective effect of CARD9 on cardiomyocytes against H/R-induced oxidative stress was abolished by treatment with autophagy inhibitors, 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or Bafilomycin A1(BafA1). CARD9 interacted with RUN domain Beclin-1-interacting cysteine-rich-containing (Rubicon), a negative regulator of autophagy, and enhanced UV-irradiation-resistance-associated gene (UVRAG)-Beclin1-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 (PI3KC3) interaction and UVRAG-Vps16-mediated Rab7 activation to promote autophagosome formation, maturation, and endocytosis. Ablation of Rubicon by siRNA effectively prevented the detrimental effect of CARD9 knockdown on cardiomyocytes. These results suggest that CARD9 has protective effects on the myocardium against M-I/R injury by activating autophagy and restoring autophagic flux in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Pengfei Liang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Bimei Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China.
| | - Yuting Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Xuanyou Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, 1 Hospital Drive, CE344, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Meidong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Hao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, 1 Hospital Drive, CE344, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, 1 Hospital Drive, CE344, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.
| | - Xianzhong Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
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16
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Kwon MY, Hwang N, Lee SJ, Chung SW. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 2 attenuates ER stress-induced cell death in vascular smooth muscle cells. BMB Rep 2020. [PMID: 31619316 PMCID: PMC6889894 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2019.52.11.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 2 (NOD2), an intracellular pattern recognition receptor, plays important roles in inflammation and cell death. Previously, we have shown that NOD2 is expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and that NOD2 deficiency promotes VSMC proliferation, migration, and neointimal formation after vascular injury. However, its role in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced cell death in VSMCs remains unclear. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate ER stress-induced viability of mouse primary VSMCs. NOD2 deficiency increased ER stress-induced cell death and expression levels of apoptosis mediators (cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and Bak) in VSMCs in the presence of tunicamycin (TM), an ER stress inducer. In contrast, ER stress-induced cell death and expression levels of apoptosis mediators (cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and Bak) were decreased in NOD2-overexpressed VSMCs. We found that the IRE-1α-XBP1 pathway, one of unfolded protein response branches, was decreased in NOD2-deficient VSMCs and reversed in NOD2-overexpressed VSMCs in the presence of TM. Furthermore, NOD2 deficiency reduced the expression of XBP1 target genes such as GRP78, PDI-1, and Herpud1, thus improving cell survival. Taken together, these data suggest that the induction of ER stress through NOD2 expression can protect against TM-induced cell death in VSMCs. These results may contribute to a new paradigm in vascular homeostasis. [BMB Reports 2019; 52(11): 665-670].
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Young Kwon
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - Narae Hwang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - Seon-Jin Lee
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Su Wol Chung
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
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17
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Wei X, Sun G, Zhao X, Wu Q, Chen L, Xu Y, Pang X, Qi G. Human amnion mesenchymal stem cells attenuate atherosclerosis by modulating macrophage function to reduce immune response. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1425-1435. [PMID: 31364743 PMCID: PMC6713407 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show immunosuppressive activities and alleviate atherosclerosis (AS) formation in apolipoprotein E-knockout (apoE-KO) mice. Human amnion mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs), a particular population of mesenchymal stem cells, have been shown to have immunomodulatory abilities. The present study investigated the effects of hAMSCs treatment on early atherosclerotic plaque formation and the progression of established lesion in apoE-KO mice. In total, 36 mice were fed with a high-fat diet. Mice were subjected to hAMSCs-injection treatment simultaneously with high-fat diet (early treatment) or after 8 weeks of high-fat diet (delayed treatment). In each treatment, mice were divided into three groups: i) hAMSCs group with hAMSCs treatment; ii) PBS group injected with PBS; and iii) control group without injection. Histological results showed that the plaque area in the aortic arch of mice was significantly reduced after hAMSCs treatment in the early and delayed treatment groups. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis suggested that the accumulation of macrophages was significantly decreased after hAMSCs treatment. Similarly, the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α was also decreased, whereas the release of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 was increased. In addition, hAMSCs treatment suppressed the phosphorylation of p65 and inhibitor of κB-α, suggesting that NF-κB pathway was involved in the hAMSCs-mediated suppression of immune response. In conclusion, hAMSCs treatment was effective in reducing immune response, which is the one of the major causes of AS, eventually leading to a significant reduction in size of athero-sclerotic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufang Wei
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Guang Sun
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Wu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yichi Xu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xining Pang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, National Health Commission of China and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Guoxian Qi
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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18
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Brauner S, Jiang X, Thorlacius GE, Lundberg AM, Östberg T, Yan ZQ, Kuchroo VK, Hansson GK, Wahren-Herlenius M. Augmented Th17 differentiation in Trim21 deficiency promotes a stable phenotype of atherosclerotic plaques with high collagen content. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:158-167. [PMID: 29016728 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Patients with hyperlipidemia are at risk of atherosclerosis, but not all develop cardiovascular disease, highlighting the importance of other risk factors such as inflammation. Both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system have been suggested in the initiation and propagation of plaque formation. Tri-partite motif (TRIM) 21 is a regulator of tissue inflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and has been implicated in chronic inflammatory disease. Here, we investigate a potential role for TRIM21 in coronary artery disease. Methods and results Trim21-deficient or wild-type bone marrow was transplanted into Ldlr-/- mice fed a hypercholesterolemic diet. The Trim21-/-->Ldlr-/- mice developed larger atherosclerotic plaques, with significantly higher collagen content compared to mice transplanted with wild-type cells. High collagen content of the atheroma is stabilizing, and has recently been linked to IL-17. Interestingly, Trim21-/-->Ldlr-/- mice had elevated CD4 and IL-17 mRNA expression in plaques, and increased numbers of activated CD4+ T cells in the periphery. An increased differentiation of naïve T cells lacking Trim21 into Th17 cells was confirmed in vitro, with transcriptomic analysis revealing upregulation of genes of a non-pathogenic Th17 phenotype. Also, decreased expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was noted in aortic plaques. Analysis of human carotid plaques confirmed that TRIM21 expression negatively correlates with the expression of key Th17 genes and collagen, but positively to MMPs also in patients, linking our findings to a clinical setting. Conclusion In this study, we demonstrate that TRIM21 influences atherosclerosis via regulation of Th17 responses, with TRIM21 deficiency promoting IL-17 expression and a more fibrous, stable, phenotype of the plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Brauner
- Unit of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Insititutet, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:04, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xintong Jiang
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gudny Ella Thorlacius
- Unit of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Insititutet, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:04, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna M Lundberg
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Therese Östberg
- Unit of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Insititutet, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:04, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhong-Qun Yan
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, USA
| | - Göran K Hansson
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Wahren-Herlenius
- Unit of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Insititutet, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:04, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Muramyl Dipeptide Induces Reactive Oxygen Species Generation Through the NOD2/COX-2/NOX4 Signaling Pathway in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2019; 71:352-358. [PMID: 29634657 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelium dysfunction caused by oxidative stress accelerates the pathologic process of cardiovascular diseases. NOD2, an essential receptor of innate immune system, has been demonstrated to play a critical role in atherosclerosis. Here, the aim of our study was to investigate the effect and underlying molecular mechanism of muramyl dipeptide (MDP) on NOX4-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate staining was to measure the intracellular ROS level and showed MDP-promoted ROS production in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The mRNA and protein levels of NOX4 and COX-2 were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to silence NOD2 or COX-2 gene expression and investigate the mechanism of NOD2-mediated signaling pathway in HUVECs. Data showed that MDP induced NOX4 and COX-2 expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner. NOD2 knock-down suppressed upregulation of COX-2 and NOX4 in HUVECs treated with MDP. Furthermore, silence of COX-2 in HUVECs downregulated the NOX4 expression after MDP stimulation. Collectively, we indicated that NOD2 played a leading role in MDP-induced COX-2/NOX4/ROS signaling pathway in HUVECs, which was a novel regulatory mechanism in the progress of ROS generation.
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20
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Xu M, Liu PP, Li H. Innate Immune Signaling and Its Role in Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases. Physiol Rev 2019; 99:893-948. [PMID: 30565509 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00065.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system is an evolutionarily conserved system that senses and defends against infection and irritation. Innate immune signaling is a complex cascade that quickly recognizes infectious threats through multiple germline-encoded cell surface or cytoplasmic receptors and transmits signals for the deployment of proper countermeasures through adaptors, kinases, and transcription factors, resulting in the production of cytokines. As the first response of the innate immune system to pathogenic signals, inflammatory responses must be rapid and specific to establish a physical barrier against the spread of infection and must subsequently be terminated once the pathogens have been cleared. Long-lasting and low-grade chronic inflammation is a distinguishing feature of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, which are currently major public health problems. Cardiometabolic stress-induced inflammatory responses activate innate immune signaling, which directly contributes to the development of cardiometabolic diseases. Additionally, although the innate immune elements are highly conserved in higher-order jawed vertebrates, lower-grade jawless vertebrates lack several transcription factors and inflammatory cytokine genes downstream of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) pathways, suggesting that innate immune signaling components may additionally function in an immune-independent way. Notably, recent studies from our group and others have revealed that innate immune signaling can function as a vital regulator of cardiometabolic homeostasis independent of its immune function. Therefore, further investigation of innate immune signaling in cardiometabolic systems may facilitate the discovery of new strategies to manage the initiation and progression of cardiometabolic disorders, leading to better treatments for these diseases. In this review, we summarize the current progress in innate immune signaling studies and the regulatory function of innate immunity in cardiometabolic diseases. Notably, we highlight the immune-independent effects of innate immune signaling components on the development of cardiometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Medical Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Animal Experiment Center, Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario , Canada
| | - Peter P Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Medical Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Animal Experiment Center, Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario , Canada
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Medical Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Animal Experiment Center, Wuhan University , Wuhan , China ; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario , Canada
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21
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Zhang Y, Bai Y, Jing Q, Qian J. Functions and Regeneration of Mature Cardiac Lymphatic Vessels in Atherosclerosis, Myocardial Infarction, and Heart Failure. Lymphat Res Biol 2018; 16:507-515. [PMID: 30339474 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2018.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac lymphatic vessels play a vital role in maintaining cardiac homeostasis both under physiological and pathological conditions. Clearer illustration of the anatomy of cardiac lymphatics has been achieved by fluorescence exhibition comparing to dye injection. Besides, identification of specific lymphatic markers in recent decades paves the way for researches in development and regeneration of cardiac lymphatics, such as VEGF-C/VEGFR-3, EphB4/ephrin-B2, Prox-1, Podoplanin, and Lyve-1. Knocking out each of these markers in mice model also reveals the signaling pathways instructing the formation of cardiac lymphatics. In the major cardiovascular disease series of atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction (MI), and heart failure, cardiac lymphatics regulate the transportation of extravasated proteins and lipids, inflammatory and immune responses, as well as fluid balance. Elementary intervention methods, such as lymphatic factor protein injection VEGF-C, are applied in murine MI models to restore or enhance functions of lymphatic vessels, achieving improvements in cardiac function. Also, data from our laboratory showed that intramyocardial EphB4 injection also improved lymphatic regeneration in mouse MI model. Therefore, we believe that enhancing functions and regeneration of mature cardiac lymphatic vessels in cardiovascular diseases is of great potential therapeutic meaning in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingnan Bai
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Jing
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juying Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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22
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Cai J, Xu M, Zhang X, Li H. Innate Immune Signaling in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2018; 14:153-184. [PMID: 30230967 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-012418-013003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The physiological significance of innate immune signaling lies primarily in its role in host defense against invading pathogens. It is becoming increasingly clear that innate immune signaling also modulates the development of metabolic diseases, especially nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular diseases, which are characterized by chronic, low-grade inflammation due to a disarrangement of innate immune signaling. Notably, recent studies indicate that in addition to regulating canonical innate immune-mediated inflammatory responses (or immune-dependent signaling-induced responses), molecules of the innate immune system regulate pathophysiological responses in multiple organs during metabolic disturbances (termed immune-independent signaling-induced responses), including the disruption of metabolic homeostasis, tissue repair, and cell survival. In addition, emerging evidence from the study of immunometabolism indicates that the systemic metabolic status may have profound effects on cellular immune function and phenotypes through the alteration of cell-intrinsic metabolism. We summarize how the innate immune system interacts with metabolic disturbances to trigger immune-dependent and immune-independent pathogenesis in the context of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, as representative of metabolic diseases, and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; .,Institute of Model Animals of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; .,Institute of Model Animals of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; .,Institute of Model Animals of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; .,Institute of Model Animals of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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23
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Miteva K, Madonna R, De Caterina R, Van Linthout S. Innate and adaptive immunity in atherosclerosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 107:S1537-1891(17)30464-0. [PMID: 29684642 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the large and medium-size arteries characterized by the subendothelial accumulation of cholesterol, immune cells, and extracellular matrix. At the early onset of atherogenesis, endothelial dysfunction takes place. Atherogenesis is further triggered by the accumulation of cholesterol-carrying low-density lipoproteins, which acquire properties of damage-associated molecular patterns and thereby trigger an inflammatory response. Following activation of the innate immune response, mainly governed by monocytes and macrophages, the adaptive immune response is started which further promotes atherosclerotic plaque formation. In this review, an overview is given describing the role of damage-associated molecular patterns, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and innate and adaptive immune cells in the atherogenesis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapka Miteva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Adaptive Immunity Laboratory, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-MeT, Institute of Cardiology, Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caterina
- Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-MeT, Institute of Cardiology, Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany; Department of Cardiology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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24
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Wallet SM, Puri V, Gibson FC. Linkage of Infection to Adverse Systemic Complications: Periodontal Disease, Toll-Like Receptors, and Other Pattern Recognition Systems. Vaccines (Basel) 2018; 6:E21. [PMID: 29621153 PMCID: PMC6027258 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines6020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a group of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that provide innate immune sensing of conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) to engage early immune recognition of bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. Furthermore, TLRs provide a conduit for initiation of non-infectious inflammation following the sensing of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) generated as a consequence of cellular injury. Due to their essential role as DAMP and PAMP sensors, TLR signaling also contributes importantly to several systemic diseases including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and others. The overlapping participation of TLRs in the control of infection, and pathogenesis of systemic diseases, has served as a starting point for research delving into the poorly defined area of infection leading to increased risk of various systemic diseases. Although conflicting studies exist, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and obesity/metabolic dysfunction have been associated with differing degrees of strength to infectious diseases. Here we will discuss elements of these connections focusing on the contributions of TLR signaling as a consequence of bacterial exposure in the context of the oral infections leading to periodontal disease, and associations with metabolic diseases including atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M Wallet
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dental Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Vishwajeet Puri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
| | - Frank C Gibson
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dental Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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25
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Abstract
The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) protein, NOD2, belonging to the intracellular NOD-like receptor family, detects conserved motifs in bacterial peptidoglycan and promotes their clearance through activation of a proinflammatory transcriptional program and other innate immune pathways, including autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress. An inactive form due to mutations or a constitutive high expression of NOD2 is associated with several inflammatory diseases, suggesting that balanced NOD2 signaling is critical for the maintenance of immune homeostasis. In this review, we discuss recent developments about the pathway and mechanisms of regulation of NOD2 and illustrate the principal functions of the gene, with particular emphasis on its central role in maintaining the equilibrium between intestinal microbiota and host immune responses to control inflammation. Furthermore, we survey recent studies illustrating the role of NOD2 in several inflammatory diseases, in particular, inflammatory bowel disease, of which it is the main susceptibility gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Negroni
- Division of Health Protection Technologies, Territorial and Production Systems Sustainability Department, ENEA, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Pierdomenico
- Department of Pediatrics and Infantile Neuropsychiatry, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cucchiara
- Department of Pediatrics and Infantile Neuropsychiatry, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Stronati
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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26
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Ohashi R, Fukazawa R, Watanabe M, Hashimoto K, Suzuki N, Nagi-Miura N, Ohno N, Shimizu A, Itoh Y. Characterization of a murine model with arteritis induced by Nod1 ligand, FK565: A comparative study with a CAWS-induced model. Mod Rheumatol 2017; 27:1024-1030. [PMID: 28150515 DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2017.1287150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Kawasaki disease (KD) occurs via activation of the innate immune system. Nucleotide oligomerization domain-1 (NOD1) is a pattern recognition receptor regulating the innate immunity. We characterized histopathology of arteritis induced by FK565, a ligand for NOD1, in mice, compared with Candida albicans water-soluble fraction (CAWS)-induced model. METHODS Vasculitis was induced by injection of FK565 or CAWS into C57BL6/J mice (n = 9 and n = 11, respectively). At 4 weeks, they were sacrificed, and plasma cytokines and chemokines were measured. RESULTS FK565 injection induced vasculitis mainly involving bilateral coronary arteries whereas the aortic root was diffusely affected in CAWS mice. In FK565 animals, the abdominal aorta and its branching arteries also exhibited inflammation with atherosclerosis. IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-5 and RANTES were increased in FK565 group whereas IL-6, IL-13, G-CSF, IFN-γ, and TNF-α were higher in CAWS animals (p < .05 for all variables). The total area of inflammation in FK565 mice appeared to correlate with IL-1β levels (r = 0.71, p = .05). CONCLUSIONS Histopathology of FK565-induced model demonstrated 'site-specific' coronary arteritis mimicking KD. This histopathological difference from CAWS model may be due to different cytokine expression profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Ohashi
- a Department of Diagnostic Pathology , Nippon Medical School Hospital , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Ryuji Fukazawa
- b Department of Pediatrics , Nippon Medical School , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Makoto Watanabe
- b Department of Pediatrics , Nippon Medical School , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Koji Hashimoto
- b Department of Pediatrics , Nippon Medical School , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Nobuko Suzuki
- b Department of Pediatrics , Nippon Medical School , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Noriko Nagi-Miura
- c Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products , Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Naohito Ohno
- c Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products , Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Akira Shimizu
- d Department of Analytic Human Pathology , Nippon Medical School , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Itoh
- b Department of Pediatrics , Nippon Medical School , Tokyo , Japan
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Peterson MR, Haller SE, Ren J, Nair S, He G. CARD9 as a potential target in cardiovascular disease. Drug Des Devel Ther 2016; 10:3799-3804. [PMID: 27920495 PMCID: PMC5125811 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s122508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammation and localized macrophage infiltration have been implicated in cardiovascular pathologies, including coronary artery disease, carotid atherosclerosis, heart failure, obesity-associated heart dysfunction, and cardiac fibrosis. Inflammation induces macrophage infiltration and activation and release of cytokines and chemokines, causing tissue dysfunction by instigating a positive feedback loop that further propagates inflammation. Cytosolic adaptor caspase recruitment domain family, member 9 (CARD9) is a protein expressed primarily by dendritic cells, neutrophils, and macrophages, in which it mediates cytokine secretion. The purpose of this review is to highlight the role of CARD9 as a potential target in inflammation-related cardiovascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Peterson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Samantha E Haller
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Jun Ren
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Sreejayan Nair
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Guanglong He
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY, USA
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28
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Spillmann F, De Geest B, Muthuramu I, Amin R, Miteva K, Pieske B, Tschöpe C, Van Linthout S. Apolipoprotein A-I gene transfer exerts immunomodulatory effects and reduces vascular inflammation and fibrosis in ob/ob mice. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2016; 13:25. [PMID: 27486384 PMCID: PMC4969975 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-016-0131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Obesity is associated with vascular inflammation, fibrosis and reduced high-density lipoproteins (HDL)-cholesterol. We aimed to investigate whether adenoviral gene transfer with human apolipoprotein (apo) A-I (Ad.A-I), the main apo of HDL, could exert immunomodulatory effects and counteract vascular inflammation and fibrosis in ob/ob mice. Methods Ad.A-I transfer was performed in 8 weeks (w) old ob/ob mice, which were sacrificed 7 w later. The aorta was excised for mRNA analysis and the spleen for splenocyte isolation for subsequent flow cytometry and co-culture with murine fibroblasts. HDL was added to mononuclear cells (MNC) and fibroblasts to assess their impact on adhesion capacity and collagen deposition, respectively. Results Ad.A-I led to a 1.8-fold (p < 0.05) increase in HDL-cholesterol versus control ob/ob mice at the day of sacrifice, which was paralleled by a decrease in aortic TNF-α and VCAM-1 mRNA expression. Pre-culture of MNC with HDL decreased their adhesion to TNF-α-activated HAEC. Ad.A-I exerted immunomodulatory effects as evidenced by a downregulation of aortic NOD2 and NLRP3 mRNA expression and by a 12 %, 6.9 %, and 15 % decrease of the induced proliferation/activity of total splenic MNC, CD4+, and CD8+ cells in ob/ob Ad.A-I versus control ob/ob mice, respectively (p < 0.05). Ad.A-I further reduced aortic collagen I and III mRNA expression by 62 % and 66 %, respectively (p < 0.0005), and abrogated the potential of ob/ob splenocytes to induce the collagen content in murine fibroblasts upon co-culture. Finally, HDL decreased the TGF-ß1-induced collagen deposition of murine fibroblasts in vitro. Conclusions Apo A-I transfer counteracts vascular inflammation and fibrosis in ob/ob mice. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12950-016-0131-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Spillmann
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-University-Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Bart De Geest
- Catholic University of Leuven, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ilayaraja Muthuramu
- Catholic University of Leuven, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ruhul Amin
- Catholic University of Leuven, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kapka Miteva
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapy (BCRT), Charité-University-Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Südstrasse 2, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-University-Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany ; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), Standort Berlin/Charité, Berlin, Germany ; Department of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin (DHZB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-University-Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany ; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapy (BCRT), Charité-University-Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Südstrasse 2, 13353 Berlin, Germany ; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), Standort Berlin/Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-University-Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany ; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapy (BCRT), Charité-University-Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Südstrasse 2, 13353 Berlin, Germany ; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), Standort Berlin/Charité, Berlin, Germany
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29
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Frodermann V, van Duijn J, van Puijvelde GHM, van Santbrink PJ, Lagraauw HM, de Vries MR, Quax PHA, Bot I, Foks AC, de Jager SCA, Kuiper J. Heat-killed Staphylococcus aureus reduces atherosclerosis by inducing anti-inflammatory macrophages. J Intern Med 2016; 279:592-605. [PMID: 26914137 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus cell wall components can induce IL-10 responses by immune cells, which may be atheroprotective. Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether heat-killed S. aureus (HK-SA) could inhibit the development of atherosclerosis. METHODS Atherosclerosis-susceptible LDL receptor-deficient mice were administered intraperitoneal HK-SA twice weekly and fed a Western-type diet for 6 weeks. RESULTS HK-SA administration resulted in a 1.6-fold increase in IL-10 production by peritoneal macrophages and splenocytes, and a 12-fold increase in serum IL-10 levels. Moreover, aortic plaque ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and CCL2 expression levels were significantly downregulated by on average 40%. HK-SA-treated mice had reduced numbers of inflammatory Ly-6C(hi) monocytes as well as Th1 and Th17 cells in the circulation and spleen, respectively. Attenuated leucocyte recruitment resulted in a significant inhibition of macrophage and T cell infiltration in atherosclerotic plaques, culminating in a significant 34% reduction in the development of atherosclerosis. To determine the effects of intraperitoneal HK-SA treatment, we stimulated macrophages with HK-SA in vitro. This resulted in a significant toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-dependent increase in IL-10, arginase-1, iNOS, TNF-α, PD-L1, CCL22 and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase expression. It was found that phosphoinositide 3-kinase crucially determined the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory gene expression. The HK-SA-induced macrophage phenotype resembled M2b-like immunoregulatory macrophages. CONCLUSIONS We have shown that HK-SA treatment induces strong anti-inflammatory IL-10 responses by macrophages, which are largely dependent on TLR2 and PI3K, and protects against the development of atherosclerosis. Commensalism with S. aureus could thus reduce cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Frodermann
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J van Duijn
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - G H M van Puijvelde
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P J van Santbrink
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H M Lagraauw
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M R de Vries
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P H A Quax
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - I Bot
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A C Foks
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - S C A de Jager
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology and Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Kuiper
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Zhou H, Ran Y, Da Q, Shaw TS, Shang D, Reddy AK, López JA, Ballantyne CM, Ware J, Wu H, Peng Y. Defective Association of the Platelet Glycoprotein Ib-IX Complex with the Glycosphingolipid-Enriched Membrane Domain Inhibits Murine Thrombus and Atheroma Formation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:288-95. [PMID: 27206768 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Localization of the platelet glycoprotein Ib-IX complex to the membrane lipid domain is essential for platelet adhesion to von Willebrand factor and subsequent platelet activation in vitro. Yet, the in vivo importance of this localization has never been addressed. We recently found that the disulfide linkage between Ibα and Ibβ is critical for the association of Ibα with the glycosphingolipid-enriched membrane domain; in this study, we established a transgenic mouse model expressing this mutant human Ibα that is also devoid of endogenous Ibα (HαSSMα(-/-)). Characterization of this model demonstrated a similar dissociation of Ibα from murine platelet glycosphingolipid-enriched membrane to that expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, which correlates well with the impaired adhesion of the transgenic platelets to von Willebrand factor ex vivo and in vivo. Furthermore, we bred our transgenic mice into an atherosclerosis-prone background (HαSSMα(-/-)ApoE(-/-) and HαWTMα(-/-)ApoE(-/-)). We observed that atheroma formation was significantly inhibited in mutant mice where fewer platelet-bound CD11c(+) leukocytes were circulating (CD45(+)/CD11c(+)/CD41(+)) and residing in atherosclerotic lesions (CD45(+)/CD11c(+)), suggesting that platelet-mediated adhesion and infiltration of CD11c(+) leukocytes may be one of the mechanisms. To our knowledge, these observations provide the first in vivo evidence showing that the membrane GEM is physiologically and pathophysiologically critical in the function of the glycoprotein Ib-IX complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of Hospital Infection Management of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Yali Ran
- Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Qi Da
- Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Tanner S Shaw
- Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Dan Shang
- Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030; Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Anilkumar K Reddy
- Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - José A López
- Puget Sound Blood Center, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Christie M Ballantyne
- Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Jerry Ware
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205
| | - Huaizhu Wu
- Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Yuandong Peng
- Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030;
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32
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Zhang S, Zhang S, Hu L, Zhai L, Xue R, Ye J, Chen L, Cheng G, Mruk J, Kunapuli SP, Ding Z. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 receptor is expressed in platelets and enhances platelet activation and thrombosis. Circulation 2015; 131:1160-70. [PMID: 25825396 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.013743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pattern recognition receptor nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) is well investigated in immunity, but its expression and function in platelets has never been explored. METHOD AND RESULTS Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, we show that both human and mouse platelets express NOD2, and its agonist muramyl dipeptide induced NOD2 activation as evidenced by receptor dimerization. NOD2 activation potentiates platelet aggregation and secretion induced by low concentrations of thrombin or collagen, and clot retraction, as well. These potentiating effects of muramyl dipeptide were not seen in platelets from NOD2-deficient mice. Plasma from septic patients also potentiates platelet aggregation induced by thrombin or collagen NOD2 dependently. Using intravital microscopy, we found that muramyl dipeptide administration accelerated in vivo thrombosis in a FeCl3-injured mesenteric arteriole thrombosis mouse model. Platelet depletion and transfusion experiments confirmed that NOD2 from platelets contributes to the in vivo thrombosis in mice. NOD2 activation also accelerates platelet-dependent hemostasis. We further found that platelets express receptor-interacting protein 2, and provided evidence suggesting that mitogen activated-protein kinase and nitric oxide/soluble guanylyl cyclase/cGMP/protein kinase G pathways downstream of receptor-interacting protein mediate the role of NOD2 in platelets. Finally, muramyl dipeptide stimulates proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β maturation and accumulation in human and mouse platelets NOD2 dependently. CONCLUSIONS NOD2 is expressed in platelets and functions in platelet activation and arterial thrombosis, possibly during infection. To our knowledge, this is the first study on NOD-like receptors in platelets that link thrombotic events to inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Zhang
- From Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China (Si Zhang, Shenghui Zhang, L.H., L.Z., J.Y., L.C., Z.D.); Department of Internal Medicine, and Institute of Liver Disease, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China (R.X.); Thoracic Oncology Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, (G.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita (J.S.M.); and Department of Physiology and Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.P.K.)
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- From Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China (Si Zhang, Shenghui Zhang, L.H., L.Z., J.Y., L.C., Z.D.); Department of Internal Medicine, and Institute of Liver Disease, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China (R.X.); Thoracic Oncology Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, (G.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita (J.S.M.); and Department of Physiology and Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.P.K.)
| | - Liang Hu
- From Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China (Si Zhang, Shenghui Zhang, L.H., L.Z., J.Y., L.C., Z.D.); Department of Internal Medicine, and Institute of Liver Disease, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China (R.X.); Thoracic Oncology Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, (G.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita (J.S.M.); and Department of Physiology and Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.P.K.)
| | - Lili Zhai
- From Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China (Si Zhang, Shenghui Zhang, L.H., L.Z., J.Y., L.C., Z.D.); Department of Internal Medicine, and Institute of Liver Disease, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China (R.X.); Thoracic Oncology Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, (G.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita (J.S.M.); and Department of Physiology and Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.P.K.)
| | - Ruyi Xue
- From Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China (Si Zhang, Shenghui Zhang, L.H., L.Z., J.Y., L.C., Z.D.); Department of Internal Medicine, and Institute of Liver Disease, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China (R.X.); Thoracic Oncology Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, (G.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita (J.S.M.); and Department of Physiology and Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.P.K.)
| | - Jianqin Ye
- From Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China (Si Zhang, Shenghui Zhang, L.H., L.Z., J.Y., L.C., Z.D.); Department of Internal Medicine, and Institute of Liver Disease, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China (R.X.); Thoracic Oncology Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, (G.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita (J.S.M.); and Department of Physiology and Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.P.K.)
| | - Leilei Chen
- From Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China (Si Zhang, Shenghui Zhang, L.H., L.Z., J.Y., L.C., Z.D.); Department of Internal Medicine, and Institute of Liver Disease, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China (R.X.); Thoracic Oncology Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, (G.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita (J.S.M.); and Department of Physiology and Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.P.K.)
| | - Guanjun Cheng
- From Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China (Si Zhang, Shenghui Zhang, L.H., L.Z., J.Y., L.C., Z.D.); Department of Internal Medicine, and Institute of Liver Disease, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China (R.X.); Thoracic Oncology Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, (G.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita (J.S.M.); and Department of Physiology and Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.P.K.)
| | - Jozef Mruk
- From Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China (Si Zhang, Shenghui Zhang, L.H., L.Z., J.Y., L.C., Z.D.); Department of Internal Medicine, and Institute of Liver Disease, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China (R.X.); Thoracic Oncology Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, (G.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita (J.S.M.); and Department of Physiology and Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.P.K.)
| | - Satya P Kunapuli
- From Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China (Si Zhang, Shenghui Zhang, L.H., L.Z., J.Y., L.C., Z.D.); Department of Internal Medicine, and Institute of Liver Disease, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China (R.X.); Thoracic Oncology Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, (G.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita (J.S.M.); and Department of Physiology and Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.P.K.)
| | - Zhongren Ding
- From Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China (Si Zhang, Shenghui Zhang, L.H., L.Z., J.Y., L.C., Z.D.); Department of Internal Medicine, and Institute of Liver Disease, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China (R.X.); Thoracic Oncology Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, (G.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita (J.S.M.); and Department of Physiology and Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.P.K.).
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33
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Amar S, Engelke M. Periodontal innate immune mechanisms relevant to atherosclerosis. Mol Oral Microbiol 2014; 30:171-85. [PMID: 25388989 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a common cardiovascular disease in the USA where it is a leading cause of illness and death. Atherosclerosis is the most common cause for heart attack and stroke. Most commonly, people develop atherosclerosis as a result of diabetes, genetic risk factors, high blood pressure, a high-fat diet, obesity, high blood cholesterol levels, and smoking. However, a sizable number of patients suffering from atherosclerosis do not harbor the classical risk factors. Ongoing infections have been suggested to play a role in this process. Periodontal disease is perhaps the most common chronic infection in adults with a wide range of clinical variability and severity. Research in the past decade has shed substantial light on both the initiating infectious agents and host immunological responses in periodontal disease. Up to 46% of the general population harbors the microorganism(s) associated with periodontal disease, although many are able to limit the progression of periodontal disease or even clear the organism(s) if infected. In the last decade, several epidemiological studies have found an association between periodontal infection and atherosclerosis. This review focuses on exploring the molecular consequences of infection by pathogens that exacerbate atherosclerosis, with the focus on infections by the periodontal bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis as a running example.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Amar
- Center for Anti-inflammatory Therapeutics, School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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Kanno S, Nishio H, Tanaka T, Motomura Y, Murata K, Ihara K, Onimaru M, Yamasaki S, Kono H, Sueishi K, Hara T. Activation of an innate immune receptor, Nod1, accelerates atherogenesis in Apoe-/- mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 194:773-80. [PMID: 25488987 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is essentially a vascular inflammatory process in the presence of an excess amount of lipid. We have recently reported that oral administration of a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (Nod)-1 ligand, FK565, induced vascular inflammation in vivo. No studies, however, have proven the association between Nod1 and atherosclerosis in vivo. To investigate a potential role of NOD1 in atherogenesis, we orally administered FK565 to apolipoprotein E knockout (Apoe(-/-)) mice for 4 wk intermittently and performed quantification of atherosclerotic lesions in aortic roots and aortas, immunohistochemical analyses, and microarray-based gene expression profiling of aortic roots. FK565 administration accelerated the development of atherosclerosis in Apoe(-/-) mice, and the effect was dependent on Nod1 in non-bone marrow origin cells by bone marrow transplantation experiments. Immunohistochemical studies revealed the increases in the accumulation of macrophages and CD3 T cells within the plaques in aortic roots. Gene expression analyses of aortic roots demonstrated a marked upregulation of the Ccl5 gene during early stage of atherogenesis, and the treatment with Ccl5 antagonist significantly inhibited the acceleration of atherosclerosis in FK565-administered Apoe(-/-) mice. Additionally, as compared with Apoe(-/-) mice, Apoe and Nod1 double-knockout mice showed reduced development of atherosclerotic lesions from the early stage as well as their delayed progression and a significant reduction in Ccl5 mRNA levels at 9 wk of age. Data in the present study show that the Nod1 signaling pathway in non-bone marrow-derived cells contributes to the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Kanno
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Hisanori Nishio
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Center for the Study of Global Infection, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tamami Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshitomo Motomura
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University 812-8582, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Murata
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kenji Ihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mitsuho Onimaru
- Division of Pathophysiological and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University 812-8582, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hajime Kono
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan; and
| | - Katsuo Sueishi
- Department of Research and Education, National Hospital Organization Fukuoka-Higashi Medical Center, Fukuoka 811-3195, Japan
| | - Toshiro Hara
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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