1
|
Yang H, Zhang J, Zhang S, Xue Z, Hu S, Chen Y, Tang Y. Chiral Bisphosphine-Catalyzed Asymmetric Staudinger/aza-Wittig Reaction: An Enantioselective Desymmetrizing Approach to Crinine-Type Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14136-14148. [PMID: 38642063 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
An unprecedented chiral bisphosphine-catalyzed asymmetric Staudinger/aza-Wittig reaction of 2,2-disubstituted cyclohexane-1,3-diones is reported, enabling the facile access of a broad range of cis-3a-arylhydroindoles in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities. The key to the success of this work relies on the first application of chiral bisphosphine DuanPhos to the asymmetric Staudinger/aza-Wittig reaction. An effective reductive system has been established to address the challenging PV═O/PIII redox cycle associated with the chiral bisphosphine catalyst. In addition, comprehensive experimental and computational investigations were carried out to elucidate the mechanism of the asymmetric reaction. Leveraging the newly developed chemistry, the enantioselective total syntheses of several crinine-type Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, including (+)-powelline, (+)-buphanamine, (+)-vittatine, and (+)-crinane, have been accomplished with remarkable conciseness and efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jingyang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhengwen Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shengkun Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yefeng Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Essman JZ, Jacobsen EN. Enantioselective Potassium-Catalyzed Wittig Olefinations. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7165-7172. [PMID: 38451542 PMCID: PMC11001253 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
We report asymmetric potassium-isothiourea-boronate-catalyzed Wittig olefinations of 4-substituted cyclohexanones with non-stabilized phosphorus ylides to afford highly enantioenriched axially chiral alkenes. The optimal catalyst features an unusual macrocyclic amide-potassium-boronate chelate. Kinetic and spectroscopic analyses are consistent with a Lewis acid mechanism for the catalytic olefination that results in the formation of the oxaphosphetane adduct under cryogenic conditions. Thermal fragmentation of the oxaphosphetane to the alkene product occurs after the reaction is complete. Computational studies indicate that cycloaddition proceeds via a stepwise mechanism involving enantiodetermining polar 1,2-addition to afford an intermediate potassium betaine complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jake Z. Essman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Eric N. Jacobsen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Qian J, Zhou L, Peng R, Tong X. (3+2) Annulation of 4-Acetoxy Allenoate with Aldimine Enabled by AgF-Assisted P(III)/P(V) Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315188. [PMID: 37985927 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
A phosphine-catalyzed (3+2) annulation of 4-acetoxy allenoate and aldimine with the assistance of AgF is described. The success of this reaction hinges on the metathesis between the enolate-phosphonium zwitterion and AgF, leading to a key intermediate comprising of silver enolate and a fluorophosphorane P(V)-moiety. The former is able to undergo a Mannich reaction with aldimine, whereas the latter initiates a cascade sequence of AcO-elimination/aza-addition, thus furnishing the P(III)/P(V) catalysis. By taking advantage of the silver enolate, a preliminary attempt at an asymmetric variant was conducted with the combination of an achiral phosphine catalyst and a chiral bis(oxazolinyl)pyridine ligand (PyBox), giving moderate enantioselectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Qian
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Lijin Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Rouxuan Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tong
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000 Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Moon HW, Wang F, Bhattacharyya K, Planas O, Leutzsch M, Nöthling N, Auer AA, Cornella J. Mechanistic Studies on the Bismuth-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation of Azoarenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202313578. [PMID: 37769154 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Organobismuth-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation has recently been disclosed as an example of low-valent Bi redox catalysis. However, its mechanistic details have remained speculative. Herein, we report experimental and computational studies that provide mechanistic insights into a Bi-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of azoarenes using p-trifluoromethylphenol (4) and pinacolborane (5) as hydrogen sources. A kinetic analysis elucidated the rate orders in all components in the catalytic reaction and determined that 1 a (2,6-bis[N-(tert-butyl)iminomethyl]phenylbismuth) is the resting state. In the transfer hydrogenation of azobenzene using 1 a and 4, an equilibrium between 1 a and 1 a ⋅ [OAr]2 (Ar=p-CF3 -C6 H4 ) is observed, and its thermodynamic parameters are established through variable-temperature NMR studies. Additionally, pKa -gated reactivity is observed, validating the proton-coupled nature of the transformation. The ensuing 1 a ⋅ [OAr]2 is crystallographically characterized, and shown to be rapidly reduced to 1 a in the presence of 5. DFT calculations indicate a rate-limiting transition state in which the initial N-H bond is formed via concerted proton transfer upon nucleophilic addition of 1 a to a hydrogen-bonded adduct of azobenzene and 4. These studies guided the discovery of a second-generation Bi catalyst, the rate-limiting transition state of which is lower in energy, leading to catalytic transfer hydrogenation at lower catalyst loadings and at cryogenic temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Won Moon
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Feng Wang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Kalishankar Bhattacharyya
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Oriol Planas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Nils Nöthling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Alexander A Auer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Al-Sulaimi S, Rajendran K, Nikitin K, Gilheany DG. Unexpected rapid P-stereomutation of phosphine oxides catalysed by chlorophosphonium salts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11696-11699. [PMID: 37700722 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03719c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
P-Stereomutation of phosphine oxides is extremely slow. We show that it is catalysed by chlorophosphonium salts (CPS) which can directly be formed in the system in situ. The racemization of phosphine oxides at ambient conditions catalysed by 1 mol% of CPS takes 1-2 hours and can be arrested by additon of a primary alcohol. The process probably proceeds via the development of oxodiphosphonium P-O-P species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sulaiman Al-Sulaimi
- Department of Biological Science & Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Box 33, PC 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Kamalraj Rajendran
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Belfield, Ireland.
| | - Kirill Nikitin
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Belfield, Ireland.
| | - Declan G Gilheany
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Belfield, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Moser D, Jana K, Sparr C. Atroposelective P III /P V =O Redox Catalysis for the Isoquinoline-Forming Staudinger-aza-Wittig Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309053. [PMID: 37486685 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the feasibility of atroposelective PIII /PV =O redox organocatalysis by the Staudinger-aza-Wittig reaction. The formation of isoquinoline heterocycles thereby enables the synthesis of a broad range of valuable atropisomers under mild conditions with enantioselectivities of up to 98 : 2 e.r. Readily prepared azido cinnamate substrates convert in high yield with stereocontrol by a chiral phosphine catalyst, which is regenerated using a silane reductant under Brønsted acid co-catalysis. The reaction provides access to diversified aryl isoquinolines, as well as benzoisoquinoline and naphthyridine atropisomers. The products are expeditiously transformed into N-oxides, naphthol and triaryl phosphine variants of prevalent catalysts and ligands. With dinitrogen release and aromatization as ideal driving forces, it is anticipated that atroposelective redox organocatalysis provides access to a multitude of aromatic heterocycles with precise control over their configuration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Moser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kalipada Jana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christof Sparr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xie C, Kim J, Mai BK, Cao S, Ye R, Wang XY, Liu P, Kwon O. Enantioselective Synthesis of Quaternary Oxindoles: Desymmetrizing Staudinger-Aza-Wittig Reaction Enabled by a Bespoke HypPhos Oxide Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:21318-21327. [PMID: 36375169 PMCID: PMC10746329 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a catalytic asymmetric Staudinger-aza-Wittig reaction of (o-azidoaryl)malonates, allowing access to chiral quaternary oxindoles through phosphine oxide catalysis. We designed a novel HypPhos oxide catalyst to enable the desymmetrizing Staudinger-aza-Wittig reaction through the PIII/PV═O redox cycle in the presence of a silane reductant and an IrI-based Lewis acid. The reaction occurs under mild conditions, with good functional group tolerance, a wide substrate scope, and excellent enantioselectivity. Density functional theory revealed that the enantioselectivity in the desymmetrizing reaction arose from the cooperative effects of the IrI species and the HypPhos catalyst. The utility of this methodology is demonstrated by the (formal) syntheses of seven alkaloid targets: (-)-gliocladin C, (-)-coerulescine, (-)-horsfiline, (+)-deoxyeseroline, (+)-esermethole, (+)-physostigmine, and (+)-physovenine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changmin Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California─Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Dr. East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Jacob Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California─Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Dr. East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Binh Khanh Mai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California─Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Dr. East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Shixuan Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California─Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Dr. East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Rong Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California─Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Dr. East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Xin-Yi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California─Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Dr. East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Ohyun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California─Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Dr. East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pei M, Tian A, Yang Q, Huang N, Wang L, Li D. Organophosphorus catalytic reaction based on reduction of phosphine oxide. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
9
|
Lo CL, Akula PS, Hong BC, Lee GH, Chien SY. Total Synthesis of Ulodione A via a Double-Alkylation and DABCO Promoted Ring-Expansion Rearrangement Sequence. Org Lett 2022; 24:3353-3357. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Lun Lo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, 621, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pavan Sudheer Akula
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, 621, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Bor-Cherng Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, 621, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Su-Ying Chien
- Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lorton C, Roblin A, Retailleau P, Voituriez A. Synthesis of Functionalized Cyclobutenes and Spirocycles
via
Asymmetric P(III)/P(V) Redox Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Lorton
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles UPR 2301 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Antoine Roblin
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles UPR 2301 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Pascal Retailleau
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles UPR 2301 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Arnaud Voituriez
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles UPR 2301 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Phosphine‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Chiral
N
‐Heterocycles through (Asymmetric) P(III)/P(V) Redox Cycling. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
12
|
Xie C, Smaligo AJ, Song XR, Kwon O. Phosphorus-Based Catalysis. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:536-558. [PMID: 34056085 PMCID: PMC8155461 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus-based organocatalysis encompasses several subfields that have undergone rapid growth in recent years. This Outlook gives an overview of its various aspects. In particular, we highlight key advances in three topics: nucleophilic phosphine catalysis, organophosphorus catalysis to bypass phosphine oxide waste, and organophosphorus compound-mediated single electron transfer processes. We briefly summarize five additional topics: chiral phosphoric acid catalysis, phosphine oxide Lewis base catalysis, iminophosphorane super base catalysis, phosphonium salt phase transfer catalysis, and frustrated Lewis pair catalysis. Although it is not catalytic in nature, we also discuss novel discoveries that are emerging in phosphorus(V) ligand coupling. We conclude with some ideas about the future of organophosphorus catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changmin Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Andrew J. Smaligo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | | | - Ohyun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang B, Dai J, Luo Y, Lau KK, Lan Y, Shao Z, Zhao Y. Desymmetrization of 1,3-Diones by Catalytic Enantioselective Condensation with Hydrazine. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4179-4186. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Binmiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, 650091 Kunming, China
| | - Jun Dai
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, 650091 Kunming, China
| | - Yixin Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Kai Kiat Lau
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, 117543
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, 650091 Kunming, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, 117543
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lipshultz JM, Li G, Radosevich AT. Main Group Redox Catalysis of Organopnictogens: Vertical Periodic Trends and Emerging Opportunities in Group 15. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1699-1721. [PMID: 33464903 PMCID: PMC7934640 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of organopnictogen redox catalytic methods have emerged-especially within the past 10 years-that leverage the plentiful reversible two-electron redox chemistry within Group 15. The goal of this Perspective is to provide readers the context to understand the dramatic developments in organopnictogen catalysis over the past decade with an eye toward future development. An exposition of the fundamental differences in the atomic structure and bonding of the pnictogens, and thus the molecular electronic structure of organopnictogen compounds, is presented to establish the backdrop against which organopnictogen redox reactivity-and ultimately catalysis-is framed. A deep appreciation of these underlying periodic principles informs an understanding of the differing modes of organopnictogen redox catalysis and evokes the key challenges to the field moving forward. We close by addressing forward-looking directions likely to animate this area in the years to come. What new catalytic manifolds can be developed through creative catalyst and reaction design that take advantage of the intrinsic redox reactivity of the pnictogens to drive new discoveries in catalysis?
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Lipshultz
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alexander T Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Laschat S, Deimling M, Zens A, Park N, Hess C, Klenk S, Dilruba Z, Baro A. Adventures and Detours in the Synthesis of Hydropentalenes. Synlett 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized hydropentalenes (i.e., bicyclo[3.3.0]octanones) constitute important building blocks for natural products and for ligands for asymmetric catalysis. The assembly and tailored functionalization of this convex roof-shaped scaffold is challenging and has motivated a variety of synthetic approaches including our own contributions, which will be presented in this account.1 Introduction2 Biosynthesis of Hydropentalenes3 Hydropentalenes through the Pauson–Khand Reaction4 Hydropentalenes through Transannular Oxidative Cyclization of Cycloocta-1,4-diene5 Functionalization of Bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-1,4-dione to Dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]indenes6 Functionalization of Bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-1,4-diones to Crown Ether Hybrids7 Functionalization of Bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-1,4-dione to Cylindramide8 Tandem Ring-Opening Metathesis/Ring-Closing Metathesis/Cross-Metathesis of Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes9 Functionalization of Bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-1,4-dione to Geodin A10 Hydropentalenes through Enantioselective Desymmetrization of Weiss Diketones11 Functionalization of Weiss Diketones by Carbonyl Ene Reactions12 Functionalization of the Weiss Diketone to Cylindramide and Geodin A Core Units13 Biological Properties of Bicyclo[3.3.0]octanes14 Hydropentalenes through Vinylcyclopropane Cyclopentene Rearrangement15 Functionalization of Bicyclo[3.3.0]octanes toward Chiral Dienes16 Miscellaneous Syntheses of Hydropentalenes17 Conclusion and Outlook
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Max Deimling
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart
| | - Anna Zens
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart
| | - Natja Park
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart
| | | | - Simon Klenk
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart
| | - Zarfishan Dilruba
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester
| | - Angelika Baro
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
|
17
|
Geeson M, Cummins CC. Let's Make White Phosphorus Obsolete. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:848-860. [PMID: 32607432 PMCID: PMC7318074 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Industrial and laboratory methods for incorporating phosphorus atoms into molecules within the framework of Green Chemistry are in their infancy. Current practice requires large inputs of energy, involves toxic intermediates, and generates substantial waste. Furthermore, a negligible fraction of phosphorus-containing waste is recycled which in turn contributes to negative environmental impacts, such as eutrophication. Methods that begin to address some of these drawbacks are reviewed, and some key opportunities to be realized by pursuing organophosphorus chemistry under the principles of Green Chemistry are highlighted. Methods used by nature, or in the chemistry of other elements such as silicon, are discussed as model processes for the future of phosphorus in chemical synthesis.
Collapse
|
18
|
Fernandes RA, Kumar P, Choudhary P. Advances in catalytic and protecting-group-free total synthesis of natural products: a recent update. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8569-8590. [PMID: 32537619 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02659j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic processes in protecting-group-free syntheses of natural products are fast emerging towards achieving the goal of efficiency and economy in total synthesis. Present day sustainable development in synthesis of natural products does not permit the luxury of using stoichiometric reagents and protecting groups. Catalysis and step-economy can contribute significantly toward economy and efficiency of synthesis. This feature article details the ingenious efforts by many researchers in the last couple of years toward concise total syntheses, based on catalytic steps and protecting-group-free-strategies. These would again serve as guidelines in future development of reagents and catalysts aimed at achieving higher efficiency and chemoselectivity to the point that catalysis and protecting-group-free synthesis will be an accepted common practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodney A Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, Maharashtra, India.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li G, Nykaza TV, Cooper JC, Ramirez A, Luzung MR, Radosevich AT. An Improved P III/P V═O-Catalyzed Reductive C-N Coupling of Nitroaromatics and Boronic Acids by Mechanistic Differentiation of Rate- and Product-Determining Steps. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:6786-6799. [PMID: 32178514 PMCID: PMC7146866 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Experimental,
spectroscopic, and computational studies are reported
that provide an evidence-based mechanistic description of an intermolecular
reductive C–N coupling of nitroarenes and arylboronic acids
catalyzed by a redox-active main-group catalyst (1,2,2,3,4,4-hexamethylphosphetane P-oxide, i.e., 1·[O]). The central observations
include the following: (1) catalytic reduction of 1·[O]
to PIII phosphetane 1 is kinetically fast
under conditions of catalysis; (2) phosphetane 1 represents
the catalytic resting state as observed by 31P NMR spectroscopy;
(3) there are no long-lived nitroarene partial-reduction intermediates
observable by 15N NMR spectroscopy; (4) the reaction is
sensitive to solvent dielectric, performing best in moderately polar
solvents (viz. cyclopentylmethyl ether); and (5) the reaction is largely
insensitive with respect to common hydrosilane reductants. On the
basis of the foregoing studies, new modified catalytic conditions
are described that expand the reaction scope and provide for mild
temperatures (T ≥ 60 °C), low catalyst
loadings (≥2 mol%), and innocuous terminal reductants (polymethylhydrosiloxane).
DFT calculations define a two-stage deoxygenation sequence for the
reductive C–N coupling. The initial deoxygenation involves
a rate-determining step that consists of a (3+1) cheletropic addition
between the nitroarene substrate and phosphetane 1; energy
decomposition techniques highlight the biphilic character of the phosphetane
in this step. Although kinetically invisible, the second deoxygenation
stage is implicated as the critical C–N product-forming event,
in which a postulated oxazaphosphirane intermediate is diverted from
arylnitrene dissociation toward heterolytic ring opening with the
arylboronic acid; the resulting dipolar intermediate evolves by antiperiplanar
1,2-migration of the organoboron residue to nitrogen, resulting in
displacement of 1·[O] and formation of the target
C–N coupling product upon in situ hydrolysis.
The method thus described constitutes a mechanistically well-defined
and operationally robust main-group complement to the current workhorse
transition-metal-based methods for catalytic intermolecular C–N
coupling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Trevor V Nykaza
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Julian C Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Antonio Ramirez
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Michael R Luzung
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Alexander T Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Convergent Synthesis of Polysubstituted Furans via Catalytic Phosphine Mediated Multicomponent Reactions. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244595. [PMID: 31888142 PMCID: PMC6943692 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tri- or tetrasubstituted furans have been prepared from terminal activated olefins and acyl chlorides or anhydrides by a multicomponental convergent synthesis mode. Instead of stoichiometric nBu3P, only catalytic nBu3P or nBu3P=O is needed to furnish the furans in modest to excellent yields with a good functional group tolerance under the aid of reducing agent silane. This synthetic method features a silane-driven catalytic intramolecular Wittig reaction as a key annulation step and represents the first successful application of catalytic Wittig reaction in multicomponent cascade reaction.
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
The P-heterocyclic field forms a special part of organophosphorus chemistry,
and is a special discipline within heterocyclic chemistry. The relevant results accumulated
in the group of the author of this minireview in last 5 years are summarized. After
surveying the conformational situation of cyclic phosphinates, their Microwave
(MW)-assisted direct esterification and the T3P®-promoted esterification are discussed.
The next chapters describe newer results regarding the interpretation and modelling of the
rate enhancing effect of MWs, and on an important, but somewhat neglected field, the
hydrolysis of phosphinates. New results on the ring enlargement of 5-membered
unsaturated P-heterocycles to 6-ring species, as well as on the synthesis of
7-phosphanorbornene derivatives, and their refunctionalization are also included. Novel
findings on the preparation of cyclic amides and imides are also explored. Last but not least, the user-friendly
deoxygenations of cyclic phosphine oxides elaborated by us are shown. The reader will be able to discover
green chemical considerations and accomplishments throughout the series of organophosphorus
transformations reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- György Keglevich
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang K, Lu LQ, Xiao WJ. Recent advances in the catalytic asymmetric alkylation of stabilized phosphorous ylides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:8716-8721. [PMID: 31140487 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02831e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The Wittig reaction is a reliable method for synthesizing alkenes from phosphorous ylides (P-ylides) and carbonyls, and is thus widely applied in medicine and pharmaceutical production. Among them, asymmetric Wittig reactions using chiral P-ylides are believed to be a conventional pathway towards chiral alkenes. Obviously, the key of this transformation is the efficient construction of chiral P-ylides. Over the past decade, the coupling of the in situ generated chiral P-ylides through the catalytic asymmetric alkylation of easily available P-ylides and the subsequent Wittig reaction with carbonyls has already been achieved, allowing the efficient and selective synthesis of versatile chiral alkenes. This review highlights these impressive advances according to the catalysis type, and the general mechanisms and stereochemical inductions are briefly discussed as well. We hope this article will be a useful reference and inspiration for those who are exploring new methods and new applications of chiral P-ylides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lorton C, Castanheiro T, Voituriez A. Catalytic and Asymmetric Process via PIII/PV═O Redox Cycling: Access to (Trifluoromethyl)cyclobutenes via a Michael Addition/Wittig Olefination Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:10142-10147. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b02539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Lorton
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 av. de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Thomas Castanheiro
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 av. de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Arnaud Voituriez
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 av. de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cai L, Zhang K, Chen S, Lepage RJ, Houk KN, Krenske EH, Kwon O. Catalytic Asymmetric Staudinger-aza-Wittig Reaction for the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Amines. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:9537-9542. [PMID: 31184143 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b04803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Many natural products and medicinal drugs are heterocyclic amines possessing a chiral quaternary carbon atom in their heterocyclic ring. Herein, we report the first catalytic and asymmetric Staudinger-aza-Wittig reaction for the desymmetrization of ketones. This highly enantioselective transformation proceeds at room temperature to provide high yields-even on multigram scales-of nitrogen heterocycles featuring a chiral quaternary center. The products of this reaction are potential precursors for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals. A commercially available small P-chiral phosphine catalyst, HypPhos, induces the asymmetry and is recycled through in situ reduction of its oxide, mediated by phenylsilane in the presence of a carboxylic acid. The efficiency, selectivity, scalability, mild reaction conditions, and broad substrate scope portend that this process will expedite the syntheses of chiral heterocyclic amines of significance to chemistry, biology, and medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingchao Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , United States
| | - Kui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , United States
| | - Shuming Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , United States
| | - Romain J Lepage
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , United States
| | - Elizabeth H Krenske
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Ohyun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Longwitz L, Werner T. Recent advances in catalytic Wittig-type reactions based on P(III)/P(V) redox cycling. PURE APPL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2018-0920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Numerous organic transformations are based on the use of stoichiometric amounts of phosphorus reagents. The formation of phosphane oxides from phosphanes is usually the thermodynamic driving force for these reactions. The stoichiometric amounts of phosphane oxide which are formed as by-products often significantly hamper the product purification. Organophosphorus catalysis based on P(III)/P(V) redox cycling aims to address these problems. Herein we present our recent advances in developing catalytic Wittig-type reactions. More specifically, we reported our results on catalytic Wittig reactions based on readily available Bu3P=O as pre-catalyst as well as the first microwave-assisted version of this reaction and the first enantioselective catalytic Wittig reaction utilizing chiral phosphane catalysts. Further developments led to the implementation of catalytic base-free Wittig reactions yielding highly functionalized alkylidene and arylidene succinates.
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Ansari MA, Yadav D, Soni S, Singh MS. Phosphonium ylide catalysis: a divergent diastereoselective approach to synthesize cyclic ketene acetals [thia(zolidines/zinanes)] from β-ketothioamides and dihaloalkanes. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:9151-9162. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01948k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Phosphonium ylides are being reported here as a catalyst for the formation of thiazolidines and 1,3-thiazinanes from β-ketothioamides with dihaloalkanesvia[3 + 2] and [3 + 3] annulations under metal-free conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monish Arbaz Ansari
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221005
- India
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221005
- India
| | - Sonam Soni
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221005
- India
| | - Maya Shankar Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221005
- India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bagi P, Herbay R, Varga B, Fersch D, Fogassy E, Keglevich G. The preparation and application of optically active organophosphorus compounds. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2018.1547725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Péter Bagi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Réka Herbay
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Varga
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dávid Fersch
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Elemér Fogassy
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Keglevich
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
The hallmark of nucleophilic phosphine catalysis is the initial nucleophilic addition of a phosphine to an electrophilic starting material, producing a reactive zwitterionic intermediate, generally under mild conditions. In this Review, we classify nucleophilic phosphine catalysis reactions in terms of their electrophilic components. In the majority of cases, these electrophiles possess carbon-carbon multiple bonds: alkenes (section 2), allenes (section 3), alkynes (section 4), and Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) alcohol derivatives (MBHADs; section 5). Within each of these sections, the reactions are compiled based on the nature of the second starting material-nucleophiles, dinucleophiles, electrophiles, and electrophile-nucleophiles. Nucleophilic phosphine catalysis reactions that occur via the initial addition to starting materials that do not possess carbon-carbon multiple bonds are collated in section 6. Although not catalytic in the phosphine, the formation of ylides through the nucleophilic addition of phosphines to carbon-carbon multiple bond-containing compounds is intimately related to the catalysis and is discussed in section 7. Finally, section 8 compiles miscellaneous topics, including annulations of the Hüisgen zwitterion, phosphine-mediated reductions, iminophosphorane organocatalysis, and catalytic variants of classical phosphine oxide-generating reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Guo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yi Chiao Fan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA
| | - Zhanhu Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Ohyun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang K, Cai L, Yang Z, Houk KN, Kwon O. Bridged [2.2.1] bicyclic phosphine oxide facilitates catalytic γ-umpolung addition-Wittig olefination. Chem Sci 2018; 9:1867-1872. [PMID: 29732112 PMCID: PMC5909331 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04381c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel bridged [2.2.1] bicyclic phosphine oxide, devised to circumvent the waste generation and burdens of purification that are typical of reactions driven by the generation of phosphine oxides, has been prepared in three steps from commercially available cyclopent-3-ene-1-carboxylic acid. The performance of this novel phosphine oxide was superior to those of current best-in-class counterparts, as verified experimentally through kinetic analysis of its silane-mediated reduction. It has been applied successfully in halide-/base-free catalytic γ-umpolung addition-Wittig olefinations of allenoates and 2-amidobenzaldehydes to produce 1,2-dihydroquinolines with good efficiency. One of the 1,2-dihydroquinoline products was converted to known antitubercular furanoquinolines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , USA .
| | - Lingchao Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , USA .
| | - Zhongyue Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , USA .
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , USA .
| | - Ohyun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , USA .
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Schmiedel VM, Hong YJ, Lentz D, Tantillo DJ, Christmann M. Synthesis and Structure Revision of Dichrocephones A and B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:2419-2422. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Volker M. Schmiedel
- Freie Universität Berlin; Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Takustr. 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Young J. Hong
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Davis; One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Dieter Lentz
- Freie Universität Berlin; Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Takustr. 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Dean J. Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Davis; One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Mathias Christmann
- Freie Universität Berlin; Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Takustr. 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Schmiedel VM, Hong YJ, Lentz D, Tantillo DJ, Christmann M. Synthesis and Structure Revision of Dichrocephones A and B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Volker M. Schmiedel
- Freie Universität Berlin; Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Takustr. 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Young J. Hong
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Davis; One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Dieter Lentz
- Freie Universität Berlin; Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Takustr. 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Dean J. Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Davis; One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Mathias Christmann
- Freie Universität Berlin; Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Takustr. 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Batesky DC, Goldfogel MJ, Weix DJ. Removal of Triphenylphosphine Oxide by Precipitation with Zinc Chloride in Polar Solvents. J Org Chem 2017; 82:9931-9936. [PMID: 28956444 PMCID: PMC5634519 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
While the use of triphenylphosphine as a reductant is common in organic synthesis, the resulting triphenylphosphine oxide (TPPO) waste can be difficult to separate from the reaction product. While a number of strategies to precipitate TPPO are available, none have been reported to work in more polar solvents. We report here that mixing ZnCl2 with TPPO precipitates a TPPO-Zn complex in high yield in several common polar organic solvents. The solvent compatibility of this procedure and the reliability of the precipitation in the presence of polar functional groups were examined to show the utility and limitations of this method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donald C Batesky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States and
| | - Matthew J Goldfogel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Daniel J Weix
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Toda Y, Sakamoto T, Komiyama Y, Kikuchi A, Suga H. A Phosphonium Ylide as an Ionic Nucleophilic Catalyst for Primary Hydroxyl Group Selective Acylation of Diols. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Toda
- Department of Materials
Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Sakamoto
- Department of Materials
Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Yutaka Komiyama
- Department of Materials
Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Ayaka Kikuchi
- Department of Materials
Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suga
- Department of Materials
Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kovács T, Urbanics A, Csatlós F, Keglevich G. A study on the deoxygenation of trialkyl-, dialkyl-phenyl- and alkyl-diphenyl phosphine oxides by hydrosilanes. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Kovács
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Budapest Hungary
| | - Anita Urbanics
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Budapest Hungary
| | - Flóra Csatlós
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Budapest Hungary
| | - György Keglevich
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Budapest Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Saleh N, Blanchard F, Voituriez A. Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles and Cyclopentenone Derivatives via
Phosphine-Catalyzed Michael Addition/Intramolecular Wittig Reaction. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nidal Saleh
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Florent Blanchard
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Arnaud Voituriez
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Peter D, Brückner R. A New Approach to Models of the 4,5-Dihydroxycyclopentenone Core of the Kodaistatins A-D: Elucidation of the Diol Configuration in Kodaistatin A. Chemistry 2017; 23:12104-12109. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Peter
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Reinhard Brückner
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Krachko T, Lyaskovskyy V, Lutz M, Lammertsma K, Slootweg JC. Brønsted Acid Promoted Reduction of Tertiary Phosphine Oxides. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201700125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Krachko
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904, PO Box 94157 1090 GD Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Volodymyr Lyaskovskyy
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1083 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry; Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research; Utrecht University; Padualaan 8 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Koop Lammertsma
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1083 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry; University of Johannesburg; Auckland Park 2006 Johannesburg South Africa
| | - J. Chris Slootweg
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904, PO Box 94157 1090 GD Amsterdam The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Schneider LM, Schmiedel VM, Pecchioli T, Lentz D, Merten C, Christmann M. Asymmetric Synthesis of Carbocyclic Propellanes. Org Lett 2017; 19:2310-2313. [PMID: 28445060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A modular synthesis of functionalized carbocyclic propellanes was developed. Formation of the first of two quaternary bridgehead centers has been achieved by desymmetrization of prostereogenic ketones by either Hajos-Parrish-Eder-Sauer-Wiechert-type processes or Werner's catalytic asymmetric Wittig reaction. The obtained bicyclic enones were subjected to conjugate additions upon which the remaining ring was formed by olefin metathesis. All bridges are amenable to further derivatization, which renders those compounds useful as central units in fragment-based drug discovery or as ligand scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Schneider
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker M Schmiedel
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tommaso Pecchioli
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dieter Lentz
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Merten
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Organische Chemie 2, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Mathias Christmann
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hamstra DFJ, Lenstra DC, Koenders TJ, Rutjes FPJT, Mecinović J. Poly(methylhydrosiloxane) as a green reducing agent in organophosphorus-catalysed amide bond formation. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:6426-6432. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01510k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In situ reduction of phosphine oxide by poly(methylhydrosiloxane) leads to efficient amidation reaction between carboxylic acids and amines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daan F. J. Hamstra
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- Radboud University
- 6525 AJ Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Danny C. Lenstra
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- Radboud University
- 6525 AJ Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Tjeu J. Koenders
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- Radboud University
- 6525 AJ Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | | | - Jasmin Mecinović
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- Radboud University
- 6525 AJ Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lao Z, Toy PH. Catalytic Wittig and aza-Wittig reactions. Beilstein J Org Chem 2016; 12:2577-2587. [PMID: 28144327 PMCID: PMC5238588 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This review surveys the literature regarding the development of catalytic versions of the Wittig and aza-Wittig reactions. The first section summarizes how arsenic and tellurium-based catalytic Wittig-type reaction systems were developed first due to the relatively easy reduction of the oxides involved. This is followed by a presentation of the current state of the art regarding phosphine-catalyzed Wittig reactions. The second section covers the field of related catalytic aza-Wittig reactions that are catalyzed by both phosphine oxides and phosphines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Lao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Patrick H Toy
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Voituriez A, Saleh N. From phosphine-promoted to phosphine-catalyzed reactions by in situ phosphine oxide reduction. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
43
|
|
44
|
Byrne PA, Karaghiosoff K, Mayr H. Ambident Reactivity of Acetyl- and Formyl-Stabilized Phosphonium Ylides. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:11272-81. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b06264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Byrne
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße
5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße
5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Herbert Mayr
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße
5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Byrne PA, Gilheany DG. The Mechanism of Phosphonium Ylide Alcoholysis and Hydrolysis: Concerted Addition of the O−H Bond Across the P=C Bond. Chemistry 2016; 22:9140-54. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Byrne
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology; University College Dublin; Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 5-13 (Haus F) 81377 München Germany
| | - Declan G. Gilheany
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology; University College Dublin; Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zeng XP, Cao ZY, Wang YH, Zhou F, Zhou J. Catalytic Enantioselective Desymmetrization Reactions to All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters. Chem Rev 2016; 116:7330-96. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 468] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Ping Zeng
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Yan Cao
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Hui Wang
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wang L, Xie YB, Huang NY, Yan JY, Hu WM, Liu MG, Ding MW. Catalytic aza-Wittig Reaction of Acid Anhydride for the Synthesis of 4H-Benzo[d][1,3]oxazin-4-ones and 4-Benzylidene-2-aryloxazol-5(4H)-ones. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory
of Natural Products Research and Development, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Yi-Bi Xie
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Nian-Yu Huang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory
of Natural Products Research and Development, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Jia-Ying Yan
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Wei-Min Hu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Ming-Guo Liu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory
of Natural Products Research and Development, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Ming-Wu Ding
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Schirmer ML, Adomeit S, Spannenberg A, Werner T. Novel Base-Free Catalytic Wittig Reaction for the Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Alkenes. Chemistry 2016; 22:2458-65. [PMID: 26762186 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient catalyst system for base-free catalytic Wittig reactions has been developed and optimized. Initially, several potential (pre)catalysts as well as different silanes as reducing agents were screened. A system based on a readily available phosphine oxide as precatalyst and trimethoxy silane as reducing agent proved to be optimal. The effect of various Brønsted acidic additives was studied. Subsequently, the reaction conditions were optimized and standard reaction conditions were determined. Under these conditions the scope of this new protocol was evaluated. Nine activated olefins and 33 aldehydes were converted into 42 highly functionalized alkenes. Notably, aromatic, aliphatic as well as heteroaromatic aldehydes could be converted, giving the desired products in isolated yields up to 99 % and with good to excellent E/Z selectivities. These results underline the remarkable efficiency of this protocol considering the complexity of the reaction mixture and the four reaction steps that proceed in parallel in one pot.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Luis Schirmer
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sven Adomeit
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anke Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Thomas Werner
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Schirmer ML, Jopp S, Holz J, Spannenberg A, Werner T. Organocatalyzed Reduction of Tertiary Phosphine Oxides. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
50
|
|