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Barekatain M, Liu Y, Archambeau A, Cherezov V, Fraser S, White KL, Hayes MA. Insulator-based dielectrophoresis-assisted separation of insulin secretory vesicles. eLife 2024; 13:e74989. [PMID: 39190030 PMCID: PMC11349295 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Organelle heterogeneity and inter-organelle contacts within a single cell contribute to the limited sensitivity of current organelle separation techniques, thus hindering organelle subpopulation characterization. Here, we use direct current insulator-based dielectrophoresis (DC-iDEP) as an unbiased separation method and demonstrate its capability by identifying distinct distribution patterns of insulin vesicles from INS-1E insulinoma cells. A multiple voltage DC-iDEP strategy with increased range and sensitivity has been applied, and a differentiation factor (ratio of electrokinetic to dielectrophoretic mobility) has been used to characterize features of insulin vesicle distribution patterns. We observed a significant difference in the distribution pattern of insulin vesicles isolated from glucose-stimulated cells relative to unstimulated cells, in accordance with maturation of vesicles upon glucose stimulation. We interpret the difference in distribution pattern to be indicative of high-resolution separation of vesicle subpopulations. DC-iDEP provides a path for future characterization of subtle biochemical differences of organelle subpopulations within any biological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahta Barekatain
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Yameng Liu
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
| | - Ashley Archambeau
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Vadim Cherezov
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Scott Fraser
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Kate L White
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Mark A Hayes
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
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2
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Nasir Ahamed NN, Mendiola-Escobedo CA, Perez-Gonzalez VH, Lapizco-Encinas BH. Manipulating the insulating post arrangement in DC-biased AC-iEK devices to improve microparticle separations. Analyst 2024; 149:2469-2479. [PMID: 38516870 DOI: 10.1039/d3an02160b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the advancement of microscale electrokinetic (EK) systems for biomedical and clinical applications, as these systems offer attractive characteristics such as portability, robustness, low sample requirements and short response time. The present work is focused on manipulating the characteristics of the insulating post arrangement in insulator-based EK (iEK) systems for separating a binary mixture of spherical microparticles with same diameter (5.1 μm), same shape, made from the same substrate material and only differing in their zeta potential by ∼14 mV. This study presents a combination of mathematical modeling and experimental separations performed by applying a low-frequency alternating current (AC) voltage in iEK systems with 12 distinct post arrangements. These iEK devices were used to systematically study the effect of three spatial characteristics of the insulating post array on particle separations: the horizontal separation and the vertical separation between posts, and introducing an offset to the posts arrangement. Through normalization of the spatial separation between the insulating posts with respect to particle diameter, guidelines to improve separation resolution for different particle mixtures possessing similar characteristics were successfully identified. The results indicated that by carefully designing the spatial arrangement of the post array, separation resolution values in the range of 1.4-2.8 can be obtained, illustrating the importance and effect of the arrangement of insulating posts on improving particle separations. This study demonstrates that iEK devices, with effectively designed spatial arrangement of the insulating post arrays, have the capabilities to perform discriminatory separations of microparticles of similar characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuzhet Nihaar Nasir Ahamed
- Microscale Bioseparations Laboratory and Biomedical Engineering Department, Rochester Institute of Technology, 160 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, New York, 14623, USA.
| | | | - Victor H Perez-Gonzalez
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico.
| | - Blanca H Lapizco-Encinas
- Microscale Bioseparations Laboratory and Biomedical Engineering Department, Rochester Institute of Technology, 160 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, New York, 14623, USA.
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3
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Lv B, Cai J. Simulation and analysis of geometric parameters based on Taguchi method in Y-Y microfluidic device for circulating tumor cell separation by alternating current dielectrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1693:463894. [PMID: 36854211 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic technology has shown a remarkable ability to separate circulating tumor cells (CTC) in microfluidic devices. It can be used more effectively by further understanding the effect of geometric parameters on its separation performance. In this paper, the separation performance of a Y-Y microfluidic device was examined by varying its geometry parameters. In the device, the alternating current dielectrophoresis (AC DEP) method was used to separate CTC. 16 device models with various geometric parameters were created based on the Taguchi method. The geometric parameters included main channel length L, main channel width W, interelectrode angle α, and buffer inlet channel angle β. The electric field, flow field, and cell trajectory in the device were all numerically simulated to analyze the effect of geometric parameters. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was used to determine the order of effect degree and optimal combination of geometric parameters. The results demonstrated that raising the flow velocity in the buffer inlet could enhance the separation purity. The separation purity was affected by the geometric parameters in the order of W> α> L> β. β had the weakest impact on the separation purity and accounted for 7.81%, while W had the most remarkable impact and accounted for 50.48%. It is found that the set of L = 1080 µm, W = 110 µm, α= 60°, and β= 60° is the optimal combination of geometric parameters. A fitting regression equation is found to describe well the effect of these parameters on separation purity. The results may provide a guide for designing microfluidic devices for separating CTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghui Lv
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jun Cai
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
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4
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Salimian Rizi F, Talebi S, Manshadi MKD, Mohammadi M. Separation of bacteria smaller than 4 µm from other blood components using insulator-based dielectrophoresis: numerical simulation approach. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:825-836. [PMID: 36787033 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01683-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a life-threatening infection that causes more than 80,000 deaths and more than 500,000 infections annually in North America. The rapid diagnosis of infection reduces BSI mortality. We proposed bacterial enrichment and separation approach in the current work that may reduce culturing time and accelerate the diagnosis of infection. Over the last two decades, multiple separation methods have been developed, and among these methods, insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) is considered a powerful technique for separating biological particles. Bacterial separation in the blood is challenging due to the presence of other blood cells, such as white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. In the present study, a model is presented which is capable of blood cells separation and directing each cell to a specific outlet using continuous flows of particles with sizes larger than 8 µm, 8-4 µm, and smaller than 4 µm. Compared to other methods, such as filtration, the main advantage of this model is that particles larger than 8 µm are separated from the flow before other particles, which prevents the accumulation of particles in the channel. The outcomes of simulations demonstrated that the factors such as applied voltage and channel dimensions significantly affect the separation efficiency. If these values are properly selected (for example voltage of 70 V that was causing an electric field of 200 V/cm), the proposed model can completely (100%) separate particles larger than 8 µm and smaller than 4 µm (8-4 µm particles separation efficiency is 95%).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shahram Talebi
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
| | | | - Mehdi Mohammadi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
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5
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Liu Y, Wang M, Liu R, Qiu F. Label-free microfluidic device reveals single cell phagocytic activity and screens plant medicine rapidly. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:553-559. [PMID: 36688537 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc01021f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phagocytic activity is an extremely important indicator that evaluates medicinal effects related to the immune system and functions to investigate the mechanism of how a drug works under conditions such as immunological regulation, immune tolerance, inflammation, cancer, etc. Current techniques based on flow cytometry, fluorescence imaging or numbering CFUs after cell lysis for detecting phagocytosis suffer from long terms of bacteria culturing and complex preparation steps for fluorescent labeling or require a large amount of cell samples to be tested. This study aims at developing a simple and fast method for testing the phagocytic activity of unlabeled and native cells, taking advantage of very high-resolution direct current insulator-based dielectrophoresis (DC-iDEP). The properties of cells are characterized by native whole cell biophysical properties. This strategy not only eliminates the time-consuming bacterial culture work after cell lysis, but also lowers the expenses of bacteria labeling. The introduction of microfluidics reduces the sample volume or reagent needed. The analysis of the biophysical property distributions of native cells and medicine treated cells may lead to a less expensive and rapid tool for evaluating medicinal effects. Furthermore, berberine was investigated for decreasing the phagocytic activity of macrophages and used for comparison of activities. This study works on establishing a label-free, unbiased, and non-destructive method to determine cell phagocytic activity and investigate its use in evaluating medicinal effects on phagocytosis in a single step within a short time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yameng Liu
- School of Chinese Meteria Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- School of Chinese Meteria Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Ruojin Liu
- School of Chinese Meteria Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Meteria Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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6
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Low‐cost, high‐throughput and rapid‐prototyped 3D‐integrated dielectrophoretic channels for continuous cell enrichment and separation. Electrophoresis 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Rizi FS, Talebi S, Manshadi MKD, Mohammadi M. Combination of the insulator‐based dielectrophoresis and hydrodynamic methods for separating bacteria smaller than 3 μm in bloodstream infection: Numerical simulation approach. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.202200055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mehdi Mohammadi
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Calgary Calgary Canada
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8
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Al-Ali A, Waheed W, Abu-Nada E, Alazzam A. A review of active and passive hybrid systems based on Dielectrophoresis for the manipulation of microparticles. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1676:463268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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9
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Panklang N, Techaumnat B, Wisitsoraat A, Putaporntip C, Chotivanich K, Suzuki Y. A discrete dielectrophoresis device for the separation of malaria‐infected cells. Electrophoresis 2022; 43:1347-1356. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nitipong Panklang
- Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Boonchai Techaumnat
- Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Anurat Wisitsoraat
- Nanoelectronics and MEMS Laboratory National Electronics and Computer Technology Center Pathumthani Thailand
| | - Chaturong Putaporntip
- Molecular Biology of Malaria and Opportunistic Parasites Research Unit Department of Parasitology Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Kesinee Chotivanich
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit Faculty of Tropical Medicine Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Yuji Suzuki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
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10
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Kwizera EA, Sun M, White AM, Li J, He X. Methods of Generating Dielectrophoretic Force for Microfluidic Manipulation of Bioparticles. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:2043-2063. [PMID: 33871975 PMCID: PMC8205986 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of microscale bioparticles including living cells is of great significance to the broad bioengineering and biotechnology fields. Dielectrophoresis (DEP), which is defined as the interactions between dielectric particles and the electric field, is one of the most widely used techniques for the manipulation of bioparticles including cell separation, sorting, and trapping. Bioparticles experience a DEP force if they have a different polarization from the surrounding media in an electric field that is nonuniform in terms of the intensity and/or phase of the electric field. A comprehensive literature survey shows that the DEP-based microfluidic devices for manipulating bioparticles can be categorized according to the methods of creating the nonuniformity via patterned microchannels, electrodes, and media to generate the DEP force. These methods together with the theory of DEP force generation are described in this review, to provide a summary of the methods and materials that have been used to manipulate various bioparticles for various specific biological outcomes. Further developments of DEP-based technologies include identifying materials that better integrate with electrodes than current popular materials (silicone/glass) and improving the performance of DEP manipulation of bioparticles by combining it with other methods of handling bioparticles. Collectively, DEP-based microfluidic manipulation of bioparticles holds great potential for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elyahb A. Kwizera
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Mingrui Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Alisa M. White
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jianrong Li
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiaoming He
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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11
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Kale A, Malekanfard A, Xuan X. Analytical Guidelines for Designing Curvature-Induced Dielectrophoretic Particle Manipulation Systems. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E707. [PMID: 32708326 PMCID: PMC7407939 DOI: 10.3390/mi11070707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Curvature-induced dielectrophoresis (C-iDEP) is an established method of applying electrical energy gradients across curved microchannels to obtain a label-free manipulation of particles and cells. This method offers several advantages over the other DEP-based methods, such as increased chip area utilisation, simple fabrication, reduced susceptibility to Joule heating and reduced risk of electrolysis in the active region. Although C-iDEP systems have been extensively demonstrated to achieve focusing and separation of particles, a detailed mathematical analysis of the particle dynamics has not been reported yet. This work computationally confirms a fully analytical dimensionless study of the electric field-induced particle motion inside a circular arc microchannel, the simplest design of a C-iDEP system. Specifically, the analysis reveals that the design of a circular arc microchannel geometry for manipulating particles using an applied voltage is fully determined by three dimensionless parameters. Simple equations are established and numerically confirmed to predict the mutual relationships of the parameters for a comprehensive range of their practically relevant values, while ensuring design for safety. This work aims to serve as a starting point for microfluidics engineers and researchers to have a simple calculator-based guideline to develop C-iDEP particle manipulation systems specific to their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Kale
- Electrical Engineering Division, CAPE Building, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Amirreza Malekanfard
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (A.M.); (X.X.)
| | - Xiangchun Xuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (A.M.); (X.X.)
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12
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Elitas M, Yildizhan Y, Islam M, Martinez-Duarte R, Ozkazanc D. Dielectrophoretic characterization and separation of monocytes and macrophages using 3D carbon-electrodes. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:315-321. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Elitas
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences; Sabanci University; Istanbul Turkey
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Yagmur Yildizhan
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences; Sabanci University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Monsur Islam
- Mechanical Engineering Department; Clemson University; Clemson SC USA
| | | | - Didem Ozkazanc
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences; Sabanci University; Istanbul Turkey
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13
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Liu L, Chen K, Xiang N, Ni Z. Dielectrophoretic manipulation of nanomaterials: A review. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:873-889. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linbo Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Ke Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Nan Xiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Zhonghua Ni
- School of Mechanical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
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14
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Lapizco-Encinas BH. On the recent developments of insulator-based dielectrophoresis: A review. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:358-375. [PMID: 30112789 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP), also known as electrodeless DEP, has become a well-known dielectrophoretic technique, no longer viewed as a new methodology. Significant advances on iDEP have been reported during the last 15 years. This review article aims to summarize some of the most important findings on iDEP organized by the type of dielectrophoretic mode: streaming and trapping iDEP. The former is primarily used for particle sorting, while the latter has great capability for particle enrichment. The characteristics of a wide array of devices are discussed for each type of dielectrophoretic mode in order to present an overview of the distinct designs and applications developed with iDEP. A short section on Joule heating effects and electrothermal flow is also included to highlight some of the challenges in the utilization of iDEP systems. The significant progress on iDEP illustrates its potential for a large number of applications, ranging from bioanalysis to clinical and biomedical assessments. The present article discusses the work on iDEP by numerous research groups around the world, with the aim of proving the reader with an overview of the state-of-the-art in iDEP microfluidic systems.
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15
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Abstract
The ability to separate analytes with increasingly similar properties drives the field of separation science. One way to achieve such separations is using trapping and streaming dielectrophoresis (DEP), which directly exploits the subtle differences in the electrophysical properties of analytes. The non-uniform fields necessary for DEP can be formed using various insulator shapes in microchannels. Current insulator shapes include triangles, diamonds, circles, and rectangles. However, all of these insulators pose problems for trapping, streaming, and sorting (deflection) as the induced fields/gradients are not behaviorally consistent across the lateral dimension. This leads to analytes experiencing different forces depending on their pathline in the microchannel and result in low resolution separations. Based on an iterative process that explored approximately 40 different insulator shapes, a design was chosen that indicated improved particle streamlines, better trapping efficiency, and consistent electrical environments across the lateral dimension. The design was assessed by simulations where the electric field, gradient of the electric field squared, and the ratio of the two were plotted. The improved design includes a unique new multi-length scale element. The multi-length scale structure streamlines the analyte(s) and improves homogeneity in the lateral dimension, while still achieving high gradients necessary for analyte separation using DEP. The design is calculated to keep analytes on the centerline which should improve resolution, and eliminate extraneous trapping zones. Behaviors consistent with the features of the simulations were observed in proof of principle experiments using representative test probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire V Crowther
- Arizona State University, School of Molecular Sciences, Mail Stop 1604, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
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16
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Kale A, Patel S, Xuan X. Three-Dimensional Reservoir-Based Dielectrophoresis (rDEP) for Enhanced Particle Enrichment. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:E123. [PMID: 30424057 PMCID: PMC6187384 DOI: 10.3390/mi9030123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Selective enrichment of target species is crucial for a wide variety of engineering systems for improved performance of subsequent processes. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a powerful electrokinetic method that can be used to focus, trap, concentrate, and separate a variety of species in a label-free manner. The commonly employed methods for DEP suffer from limitations such as electrode fouling and high susceptibility to Joule heating effects. Recently, our group has demonstrated DEP-based manipulations of particles and cells using a novel method of reservoir-based dielectrophoresis (rDEP) which exploits the naturally produced electric field gradients at the reservoir-microchannel junction. Although this method reasonably addresses the limitations mentioned above while maintaining a high simplicity of fabrication, all of our demonstrations so far have used a two-dimensional rDEP, which limits the performance of the devices. This work aims to improve their performance further by making the DEP three-dimensional. Through detailed experimental and numerical analysis, we demonstrate a six-fold increase in the enrichment performance of latex beads and a significant reduction in the power consumption for the new devices, which would allow a more reliable integration of the same into micro-total analysis systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Kale
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0921, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK.
| | - Saurin Patel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0921, USA.
| | - Xiangchun Xuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0921, USA.
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17
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Saucedo-Espinosa MA, Lapizco-Encinas BH. Exploiting Particle Mutual Interactions To Enable Challenging Dielectrophoretic Processes. Anal Chem 2017; 89:8459-8467. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario A. Saucedo-Espinosa
- Microscale Bioseparations
Laboratory, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Blanca H. Lapizco-Encinas
- Microscale Bioseparations
Laboratory, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
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18
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Yousuff CM, Ho ETW, Hussain K. I, Hamid NHB. Microfluidic Platform for Cell Isolation and Manipulation Based on Cell Properties. MICROMACHINES 2017. [PMCID: PMC6189901 DOI: 10.3390/mi8010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caffiyar Mohamed Yousuff
- Correspondence: (C.M.Y.); (E.T.W.H.); (N.H.B.H.); Tel.: +60-1678-50269 (C.M.Y.); +60-1238-17752 (E.T.W.H.); +60-1927-87127 (N.H.B.H.)
| | - Eric Tatt Wei Ho
- Correspondence: (C.M.Y.); (E.T.W.H.); (N.H.B.H.); Tel.: +60-1678-50269 (C.M.Y.); +60-1238-17752 (E.T.W.H.); +60-1927-87127 (N.H.B.H.)
| | | | - Nor Hisham B. Hamid
- Correspondence: (C.M.Y.); (E.T.W.H.); (N.H.B.H.); Tel.: +60-1678-50269 (C.M.Y.); +60-1238-17752 (E.T.W.H.); +60-1927-87127 (N.H.B.H.)
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19
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Asanakham A, Kiatsiriroat T. Use of bluff body for enhancing submicron particle agglomeration in plasma field. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2016.1227408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Attakorn Asanakham
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Tanongkiat Kiatsiriroat
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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20
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Adekanmbi EO, Srivastava SK. Dielectrophoretic applications for disease diagnostics using lab-on-a-chip platforms. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:2148-67. [PMID: 27191245 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00355a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis is a powerful technique used to distinguish distinct cellular identities in heterogeneous cell populations and to monitor changes in the cell state without the need for biochemical tags, including live and dead cells. Recent studies in the past decade have indicated that dielectrophoresis can be used to discriminate the disease state of cells by exploring the differences in the dielectric polarizabilities of the cells. Factors controlling the dielectric polarizability are dependent on the conductivity and permittivity of the cell and the suspending medium, the cell morphology, the internal structure, and the electric double layer effects associated with the charges on the cell surface. Diseased cells, such as those associated with malaria, cancer, dengue, anthrax and human African trypanosomiasis, could be spatially trapped by positive dielectrophoresis or spatially separated from other healthy cells by negative dielectrophoretic forces. The aim of this review was to provide a better and deeper understanding on how dielectrophoresis can be utilized to manipulate diseased cells. This review compiles and compares the significant findings obtained by researchers in manipulating abnormal or unhealthy cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezekiel O Adekanmbi
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, 83844-1021, Idaho, USA.
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21
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Gan L, Camacho-Alanis F, Ros A. Polarizability of Six-Helix Bundle and Triangle DNA Origami and Their Escape Characteristics from a Dielectrophoretic Trap. Anal Chem 2015; 87:12059-64. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gan
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Center for Applied Structural
Discovery, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Fernanda Camacho-Alanis
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Center for Applied Structural
Discovery, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Alexandra Ros
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Center for Applied Structural
Discovery, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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22
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Mata-Gómez MA, Gallo-Villanueva RC, González-Valdez J, Martínez-Chapa SO, Rito-Palomares M. Dielectrophoretic behavior of PEGylated RNase A inside a microchannel with diamond-shaped insulating posts. Electrophoresis 2015; 37:519-28. [PMID: 26530024 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ribonuclease A (RNase A) has proven potential as a therapeutic agent, especially in its PEGylated form. Grafting of PEG molecules to this protein yields mono-PEGylated (mono-PEG) and di-PEGylated (di-PEG) RNase A conjugates, and the unreacted protein. Mono-PEG RNase A is of great interest. The use of electrokinetic forces in microdevices represents a novel alternative to chromatographic methods to separate this specie. This work describes the dielectrophoretic behavior of the main protein products of the RNase A PEGylation inside a microchannel with insulators under direct current electric fields. This approach represents the first step in route to design micro-bioprocesses to separate PEGylated RNase A from unreacted native protein. The three proteins exhibited different dielectrophoretic behaviors. All of them experienced a marked streaming pattern at 3000 V consistent with positive dielectrophoresis. Native protein was not captured at any of the conditions tested, while mono-PEG RNase A and di-PEG RNase A were captured presumably due to positive dielectrophoresis at 4000 and 2500 V, respectively. Concentration of mono-PEG RNase A with a maximal enrichment efficiency of ≈9.6 times the feed concentration was achieved in few seconds. These findings open the possibility of designing novel devices for rapid separation, concentration, and recovery of PEGylated RNase A in a one-step operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Mata-Gómez
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
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23
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Pesch GR, Kiewidt L, Du F, Baune M, Thöming J. Electrodeless dielectrophoresis: Impact of geometry and material on obstacle polarization. Electrophoresis 2015; 37:291-301. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georg R. Pesch
- Chemical Engineering, Recovery and Recycling, Department of Production Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
| | - Lars Kiewidt
- Chemical Engineering, Recovery and Recycling, Department of Production Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
| | - Fei Du
- Chemical Engineering, Recovery and Recycling, Department of Production Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
| | - Michael Baune
- Chemical Engineering, Recovery and Recycling, Department of Production Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
| | - Jorg Thöming
- Chemical Engineering, Recovery and Recycling, Department of Production Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
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24
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Saucedo-Espinosa M, Lapizco-Encinas B. Design of insulator-based dielectrophoretic devices: Effect of insulator posts characteristics. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1422:325-333. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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Gan L, Chao TC, Camacho-Alanis F, Ros A. Six-Helix Bundle and Triangle DNA Origami Insulator-Based Dielectrophoresis. Anal Chem 2013; 85:11427-34. [DOI: 10.1021/ac402493u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gan
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, U.S.A
| | - Tzu-Chiao Chao
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, U.S.A
| | | | - Alexandra Ros
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, U.S.A
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26
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Differentiation of Escherichia coli serotypes using DC gradient insulator dielectrophoresis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:183-92. [PMID: 24202194 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7437-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria play a significant role in both human health and disease. An estimated 9.4 million cases of foodborne illness occur in the United States each year. As a result, rapid identification and characterization of microorganisms remains an important research objective. Despite limitations, selective culturing retains a central role among a cadre of identification strategies. For the past decade, separations-based approaches to rapid bacterial identification have been under investigation. Gradient insulator dielectrophoresis (g-iDEP) promises benefits in the form of rapid and specific separation of very similar bacteria, including serotypes of a single species. Furthermore, this approach allows simultaneous concentration of analyte, facilitating detection and downstream analysis. Differentiation of three serotypes or strains of Escherichia coli bacteria is demonstrated within a single g-iDEP microchannel, based on their characteristic electrokinetic properties. Whole cells were captured and concentrated using a range of applied potentials, which generated average electric fields between 160 and 470 V/cm. Bacteria remained viable after exposure to these fields, as determined by cellular motility. These results indicate the potential g-iDEP holds in terms of both separatory power and the possibility for diagnostic applications.
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27
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Gencoglu A, Olney D, LaLonde A, Koppula KS, Lapizco-Encinas BH. Particle Manipulation in Insulator Based Dielectrophoretic Devices1. J Nanotechnol Eng Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4025368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices can make a significant impact in many fields where obtaining a rapid response is critical, particularly in analyses involving biological particles, from deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and proteins, to cells. Microfluidics has revolutionized the manner in which many different assessments/processes are carried out, since it offers attractive advantages over traditional bench-scale techniques. Some of the advantages are: small sample and reagent amounts, higher resolution and sensitivity, improved level of integration and automation, lower cost and much shorter processing times. There is a growing interest on the development of techniques that can be used in microfluidics devices. Among these, electrokinetic techniques have shown great potential due to their flexibility. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is an electrokinetic mechanism that refers to the interaction of a dielectric particle with a spatially non-uniform electric field; this leads to particle movement due to polarization effects. DEP offers great potential since it can be carried out employing DC and AC electric fields, and neutral and charged particles can be manipulated. This work is focused on the use of insulator based dielectrophoresis (iDEP), a novel dielectrophoretic mode that employs arrays of insulating structures to generate dielectrophoretic forces. Successful micro and nanoparticles manipulation can be achieved employing iDEP, due to its unique characteristics that allow for great flexibility. In this work, microchannels containing arrays of cylindrical insulating posts were employed to concentrate, sort and separate microparticles. Mathematical modeling with COMSOL® was performed to identify optimal device configuration. Different sets of experiments were carried out employing DC and AC potentials. The results demonstrated that effective and fast particle manipulation is possible by fine tuning dielectrophoretic force and electroosmotic flow.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Blanca H. Lapizco-Encinas
- Associate Professor e-mail: Microscale Bioseparations Laboratory, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623
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28
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Ivory CF, Srivastava SK. Direct current dielectrophoretic simulation of proteins using an array of circular insulating posts. Electrophoresis 2013; 32:2323-30. [PMID: 23361922 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Revised: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a mathematical model for the manipulation of proteins using insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) and direct current (DC) electric fields. Simulations via COMSOL v4.1 Multiphysics software are implemented to study the response of moderately sized proteins on a lab-on-a-chip platform. The geometry of the device is incorporated in a model that solves current and mass conservation equations within an array of circular insulating silicon posts embedded in a channel. Both micro- and nano-scale geometries are utilized to investigate the protein concentration distributions in the iDEP device. Our results indicate that the trapping of proteins is independent of the scale with respect to the geometry of a device as long as the applied electric field remains constant. DC voltage dependency on concentration distributions has also been explored in both micro- and nano-scale device geometries. To achieve DEP trapping of the proteins, nano-scale geometry is a better selection, as the voltage necessary to generate the required electric field (2.5 MV/cm) is 10(5) × lower compared with the voltage required to generate the same field in the micro-scale device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius F Ivory
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, WA 99l64-27l0, USA
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29
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Li M, Li S, Li W, Wen W, Alici G. Continuous manipulation and separation of particles using combined obstacle- and curvature-induced direct current dielectrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:952-60. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- School of Mechanical; Materials and Mechatronic Engineering; University of Wollongong; Wollongong; NSW; Australia
| | - Shunbo Li
- Department of Physics; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Clear Water Bay; Kowloon; Hong Kong
| | - Weihua Li
- School of Mechanical; Materials and Mechatronic Engineering; University of Wollongong; Wollongong; NSW; Australia
| | - Weijia Wen
- Department of Physics; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Clear Water Bay; Kowloon; Hong Kong
| | - Gursel Alici
- School of Mechanical; Materials and Mechatronic Engineering; University of Wollongong; Wollongong; NSW; Australia
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30
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Camacho-Alanis F, Gan L, Ros A. Transitioning Streaming to Trapping in DC Insulator-based Dielectrophoresis for Biomolecules. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2012; 173:668-675. [PMID: 23441049 PMCID: PMC3577371 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2012.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Exploiting dielectrophoresis (DEP) to concentrate and separate biomolecules has recently shown large potential as a microscale bioanalytical tool. Such efforts however require tailored devices and knowledge of all interplaying transport mechanisms competing with dielectrophoresis (DEP). Specifically, a strong DEP contribution to the overall transport mechanism is necessary to exploit DEP of biomolecules for analytical applications such as separation and fractionation. Here, we present improved microfluidic devices combining optical lithography and focused ion beam milling (FIBM) for the manipulation of DNA and proteins using insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) and direct current (DC) electric fields. Experiments were performed on an elastomer platform forming the iDEP microfluidic device with integrated nanoposts and nanopost arrays. Microscale and nanoscale iDEP was studied for λ-DNA (48.5 kbp) and the protein bovine serum albumin (BSA). Numerical simulations were adapted to the various tested geometries revealing excellent qualitative agreement with experimental observations for streaming and trapping DEP. Both the experimental and simulation results indicate that DC iDEP trapping for λ-DNA occurs with tailored nanoposts fabricated via FIBM. Moreover, streaming iDEP concentration of BSA is improved with integrated nanopost arrays by a factor of 45 compared to microfabricated arrays.
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31
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Nakano A, Camacho-Alanis F, Chao TC, Ros A. Tuning direct current streaming dielectrophoresis of proteins. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2012; 6:34108. [PMID: 23908679 PMCID: PMC3423305 DOI: 10.1063/1.4742695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) of biomolecules has large potential to serve as a novel selectivity parameter for bioanalytical methods such as (pre)concentration, fractionation, and separation. However, in contrast to well-characterized biological cells and (nano)particles, the mechanism of protein DEP is poorly understood, limiting bioanalytical applications for proteins. Here, we demonstrate a detailed investigation of factors influencing DEP of diagnostically relevant immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecules using insulator-based DEP (iDEP) under DC conditions. We found that the pH range in which concentration of IgG due to streaming iDEP occurs without aggregate formation matches the pH range suitable for immunoreactions. Numerical simulations of the electrokinetic factors pertaining to DEP streaming in this range further suggested that the protein charge and electroosmotic flow significantly influence iDEP streaming. These predictions are in accordance with the experimentally observed pH-dependent iDEP streaming profiles as well as the determined IgG molecular properties. Moreover, we observed a transition in the streaming behavior caused by a change from positive to negative DEP induced through micelle formation for the first time experimentally, which is in excellent qualitative agreement with numerical simulations. Our study thus relates molecular immunoglobulin properties to observed iDEP, which will be useful for the future development of protein (pre)concentration or separation methods based on DEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Nakano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
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32
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Keebaugh MW, Mahanti P, Hayes MA. Quantitative assessment of flow and electric fields for electrophoretic focusing at a converging channel entrance with interfacial electrode. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:1924-30. [PMID: 22806456 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The electric field and flow field gradients near an electrified converging channel are amenable to separating and focusing specific classes of electrokinetic material, but the detailed local electric field and flow dynamics in this region have not been thoroughly investigated. Finite elemental analysis was used to develop a model of a buffer reservoir connected to a smaller channel to simulate the electrophoretic and flow velocities (which correspond directly to the respective electric and flow fields) at a converging entrance. A detailed PTV (Particle Tracking Velocimetry) study using charged fluorescent microspheres was performed to assess the model validity both in the absence and presence of an applied electric field. The predicted flow velocity gradient from the model agreed with the PTV data when no electric field was present. Once the additional forces that act on the large particles required for tracing (dielectrophoresis) were included, the model accurately described the velocity of the charged particles in electric fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Keebaugh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1604, USA
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33
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Castillo JA, Staton SJR, Taylor TJ, Herckes P, Hayes MA. Exploring the feasibility of bioaerosol analysis as a novel fingerprinting technique. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:15-26. [PMID: 22311424 PMCID: PMC3319984 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5725-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Revised: 12/30/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to investigate the feasibility of bioaerosol fingerprinting based on current understanding of cellular debris (with emphasis on human-emitted particulates) in aerosols and arguments regarding sampling, sensitivity, separations, and detection schemes. Target aerosol particles include cellular material and proteins emitted by humans, animals, and plants and can be regarded as information-rich packets that carry biochemical information specific to the living organisms present where the sample is collected. In this work we discuss sampling and analysis techniques that can be integrated with molecular (e.g. protein)-detection procedures to properly assess the aerosolized cellular material of interest. Developing a detailed understanding of bioaerosol molecular profiles in different environments suggests exciting possibilities of bioaerosol analysis with applications ranging from military defense to medical diagnosis and wildlife identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josemar A. Castillo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Physical Science Building PO Box 871604, Tempe 85281, AZ USA
| | - Sarah J. R. Staton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Physical Science Building PO Box 871604, Tempe 85281, AZ USA
| | - Thomas J. Taylor
- Department of Mathematics and Statistical Sciences, Arizona State University, Physical Science Building PO Box 871604, Tempe 85281, AZ USA
| | - Pierre Herckes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Physical Science Building PO Box 871604, Tempe 85281, AZ USA
| | - Mark A. Hayes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Physical Science Building PO Box 871604, Tempe 85281, AZ USA
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34
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Staton SJR, Jones PV, Ku G, Gilman SD, Kheterpal I, Hayes MA. Manipulation and capture of Aβ amyloid fibrils and monomers by DC insulator gradient dielectrophoresis (DC-iGDEP). Analyst 2012; 137:3227-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an35138b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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35
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Modeling and development of a low frequency contactless dielectrophoresis (cDEP) platform to sort cancer cells from dilute whole blood samples. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 30:13-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2011.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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Sano MB, Henslee EA, Schmelz E, Davalos RV. Contactless dielectrophoretic spectroscopy: Examination of the dielectric properties of cells found in blood. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:3164-71. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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37
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Cetin B, Li D. Dielectrophoresis in microfluidics technology. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:2410-27. [PMID: 21922491 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is the movement of a particle in a non-uniform electric field due to the interaction of the particle's dipole and spatial gradient of the electric field. DEP is a subtle solution to manipulate particles and cells at microscale due to its favorable scaling for the reduced size of the system. DEP has been utilized for many applications in microfluidic systems. In this review, a detailed analysis of the modeling of DEP-based manipulation of the particles is provided, and the recent applications regarding the particle manipulation in microfluidic systems (mainly the published works between 2007 and 2010) are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbaros Cetin
- Mechanical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Northern Cyprus Campus, Güzelyurt, Turkey.
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38
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Regtmeier J, Eichhorn R, Viefhues M, Bogunovic L, Anselmetti D. Electrodeless dielectrophoresis for bioanalysis: Theory, devices and applications. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:2253-73. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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39
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Moncada-Hernandez H, Baylon-Cardiel JL, Pérez-González VH, Lapizco-Encinas BH. Insulator-based dielectrophoresis of microorganisms: Theoretical and experimental results. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:2502-11. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 05/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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40
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Jesús-Pérez NM, Lapizco-Encinas BH. Dielectrophoretic monitoring of microorganisms in environmental applications. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:2331-57. [PMID: 21823133 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia M Jesús-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN Unidad Monterrey, Apodaca, Nuevo Leon, México
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41
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Weiss NG, Jones PV, Mahanti P, Chen KP, Taylor TJ, Hayes MA. Dielectrophoretic mobility determination in DC insulator-based dielectrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:2292-7. [PMID: 21823129 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 03/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) is a powerful tool for separating and characterizing particles, yet it is limited by a lack of quantitative characterizations. Here, this limitation is addressed by employing a method capable of quantifying the DEP mobility of particles. Using streak-based velocimetry the particle properties are deduced from their motion in a microfluidic channel with a constant electric field gradient. From this approach, the DEP mobility of 1 μm polystyrene particles was found to be -2±0.4 10(-8) cm4 /(V2 s). In the future, such quantitative treatment will allow for the elucidation of unique insights and rational design of devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah G Weiss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-1604, USA
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42
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Jones PV, Staton SJR, Hayes MA. Blood cell capture in a sawtooth dielectrophoretic microchannel. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 401:2103-11. [PMID: 21830138 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5284-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Biological fluids can be considered to contain information-rich mixtures of biochemicals and particles that enable clinicians to accurately diagnose a wide range of pathologies. Rapid and inexpensive analysis of blood and other bodily fluids is a topic gaining substantial attention in both science and medicine. One line of development involves microfluidic approaches that provide unique advantages over entrenched technologies, including rapid analysis times, microliter sample and reagent volumes, potentially low cost, and practical portability. The present study focuses on the isolation and concentration of human blood cells from small-volume samples of diluted whole blood. Separation of cells from the matrix of whole blood was accomplished using constant potential insulator-based gradient dielectrophoresis in a converging, sawtooth-patterned microchannel. The channel design enabled the isolation and concentration of specific cell types by exploiting variations in their characteristic physical properties. The technique can operate with isotonic buffers, allowing capture of whole cells, and reproducible capture occurred at specific locales within the channel over a global applied voltage range of 200-700 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul V Jones
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Solid State Electronics Research, Arizona State University, PO Box 871604, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
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Nakano A, Chao TC, Camacho-Alanis F, Ros A. Immunoglobulin G and bovine serum albumin streaming dielectrophoresis in a microfluidic device. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:2314-22. [PMID: 21792990 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2011] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) has demonstrated to be a versatile tool to manipulate micro- and nanoparticles with applications for positioning, separation and fractionation. Recent developments of DEP have also shown that DEP can be used for the manipulation of biomolecules, such as DNA. Here, we focus on the manipulation of proteins using insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP). We designed suitable post arrays in a microfluidic channel and use numerical simulations to calculate the electric field distribution as well as concentration of proteins according to a convection-diffusion model for both negative and positive DEP. Experimentally, we find DEP trapping of mainly protein aggregates in phosphate buffer. However, when adding a charged zwitterionic detergent, we observed DEP streamlining of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). Our experimental observations are in excellent agreement with numerical simulations and indicate positive DEP behavior of IgG and BSA under the employed experimental conditions. Our results demonstrate DEP streaming of proteins in an iDEP device for the first time and indicate the potential of protein DEP for separation and fractionation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Nakano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-1604, USA
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A continuous DC-insulator dielectrophoretic sorter of microparticles. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:1780-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2010] [Revised: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Church C, Zhu J, Xuan X. Negative dielectrophoresis-based particle separation by size in a serpentine microchannel. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:527-31. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Revised: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Staton SJR, Chen KP, Taylor TJ, Pacheco JR, Hayes MA. Characterization of particle capture in a sawtooth patterned insulating electrokinetic microfluidic device. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:3634-41. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Srivastava SK, Gencoglu A, Minerick AR. DC insulator dielectrophoretic applications in microdevice technology: a review. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 399:301-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Revised: 09/10/2010] [Accepted: 09/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ai Y, Qian S, Liu S, Joo SW. Dielectrophoretic choking phenomenon in a converging-diverging microchannel. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2010; 4:13201. [PMID: 20644664 PMCID: PMC2905261 DOI: 10.1063/1.3279787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2009] [Accepted: 11/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Experiments show that particles smaller than the throat size of converging-diverging microchannels can sometimes be trapped near the throat. This critical phenomenon is associated with the negative dc dielectrophoresis arising from nonuniform electric fields in the microchannels. A finite-element model, accounting for the particle-fluid-electric field interactions, is employed to investigate the conditions for this dielectrophoretic (DEP) choking in a converging-diverging microchannel for the first time. It is shown quantitatively that the DEP choking occurs for high nonuniformity of electric fields, high ratio of particle size to throat size, and high ratio of particle's zeta potential to that of microchannel.
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