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González-Domínguez Á, Sayago A, Fernández-Recamales Á, González-Domínguez R. Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics Multi-platform for Alzheimer's Disease Research. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2785:75-86. [PMID: 38427189 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3774-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The integration of complementary analytical platforms is nowadays the most common strategy for comprehensive metabolomics analysis of complex biological systems. In this chapter, we describe methods and tips for the application of a mass spectrometry multi-platform in Alzheimer's disease research, based on the combination of direct mass spectrometry and orthogonal hyphenated approaches, namely, reversed-phase ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. These procedures have been optimized for the analysis of multiple biological samples from human patients and transgenic animal models, including blood serum, various brain regions (e.g., hippocampus, cortex, cerebellum, striatum, olfactory bulbs), and other peripheral organs (e.g., liver, kidney, spleen, thymus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro González-Domínguez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Ana Sayago
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- International Campus of Excellence CeiA3, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Ángeles Fernández-Recamales
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- International Campus of Excellence CeiA3, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Raúl González-Domínguez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.
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2
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González-Domínguez Á, González-Domínguez R. How far are we from reliable metabolomics-based biomarkers? The often-overlooked importance of addressing inter-individual variability factors. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166910. [PMID: 37802155 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics has proven great potential to unravel the molecular basis of diseases. However, most attempts aimed at identifying reliable metabolomics-based biomarkers for diagnosis, prediction, and prognosis of diseases have repeatedly failed because of inconsistent results and unsatisfactory replication in independent cohorts. This review article explores the possible causes behind this reproducibility crisis, with special focus on the role that inter-individual variability factors play in modulating the susceptibility to disease development. Furthermore, we provide future perspectives on the applicability of metabolomics in biomedical research and its translatability into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro González-Domínguez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Raúl González-Domínguez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain.
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3
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Grabrucker S, Marizzoni M, Silajdžić E, Lopizzo N, Mombelli E, Nicolas S, Dohm-Hansen S, Scassellati C, Moretti DV, Rosa M, Hoffmann K, Cryan JF, O’Leary OF, English JA, Lavelle A, O’Neill C, Thuret S, Cattaneo A, Nolan YM. Microbiota from Alzheimer's patients induce deficits in cognition and hippocampal neurogenesis. Brain 2023; 146:4916-4934. [PMID: 37849234 PMCID: PMC10689930 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a complex neurodegenerative disorder leading to a decline in cognitive function and mental health. Recent research has positioned the gut microbiota as an important susceptibility factor in Alzheimer's disease by showing specific alterations in the gut microbiome composition of Alzheimer's patients and in rodent models. However, it is unknown whether gut microbiota alterations are causal in the manifestation of Alzheimer's symptoms. To understand the involvement of Alzheimer's patient gut microbiota in host physiology and behaviour, we transplanted faecal microbiota from Alzheimer's patients and age-matched healthy controls into microbiota-depleted young adult rats. We found impairments in behaviours reliant on adult hippocampal neurogenesis, an essential process for certain memory functions and mood, resulting from Alzheimer's patient transplants. Notably, the severity of impairments correlated with clinical cognitive scores in donor patients. Discrete changes in the rat caecal and hippocampal metabolome were also evident. As hippocampal neurogenesis cannot be measured in living humans but is modulated by the circulatory systemic environment, we assessed the impact of the Alzheimer's systemic environment on proxy neurogenesis readouts. Serum from Alzheimer's patients decreased neurogenesis in human cells in vitro and were associated with cognitive scores and key microbial genera. Our findings reveal for the first time, that Alzheimer's symptoms can be transferred to a healthy young organism via the gut microbiota, confirming a causal role of gut microbiota in Alzheimer's disease, and highlight hippocampal neurogenesis as a converging central cellular process regulating systemic circulatory and gut-mediated factors in Alzheimer's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Grabrucker
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Moira Marizzoni
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Alzheimer’s Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Edina Silajdžić
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, SE5 9NU London, UK
| | - Nicola Lopizzo
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Mombelli
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sarah Nicolas
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Sebastian Dohm-Hansen
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, T12 DC4A Cork, Ireland
| | | | | | - Melissa Rosa
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Karina Hoffmann
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, SE5 9NU London, UK
| | - John F Cryan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Olivia F O’Leary
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Jane A English
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, T12 DC4A Cork, Ireland
| | - Aonghus Lavelle
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Cora O’Neill
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
| | - Sandrine Thuret
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, SE5 9NU London, UK
| | - Annamaria Cattaneo
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Yvonne M Nolan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
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4
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Lista S, González-Domínguez R, López-Ortiz S, González-Domínguez Á, Menéndez H, Martín-Hernández J, Lucia A, Emanuele E, Centonze D, Imbimbo BP, Triaca V, Lionetto L, Simmaco M, Cuperlovic-Culf M, Mill J, Li L, Mapstone M, Santos-Lozano A, Nisticò R. Integrative metabolomics science in Alzheimer's disease: Relevance and future perspectives. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 89:101987. [PMID: 37343679 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is determined by various pathophysiological mechanisms starting 10-25 years before the onset of clinical symptoms. As multiple functionally interconnected molecular/cellular pathways appear disrupted in AD, the exploitation of high-throughput unbiased omics sciences is critical to elucidating the precise pathogenesis of AD. Among different omics, metabolomics is a fast-growing discipline allowing for the simultaneous detection and quantification of hundreds/thousands of perturbed metabolites in tissues or biofluids, reproducing the fluctuations of multiple networks affected by a disease. Here, we seek to critically depict the main metabolomics methodologies with the aim of identifying new potential AD biomarkers and further elucidating AD pathophysiological mechanisms. From a systems biology perspective, as metabolic alterations can occur before the development of clinical signs, metabolomics - coupled with existing accessible biomarkers used for AD screening and diagnosis - can support early disease diagnosis and help develop individualized treatment plans. Presently, the majority of metabolomic analyses emphasized that lipid metabolism is the most consistently altered pathway in AD pathogenesis. The possibility that metabolomics may reveal crucial steps in AD pathogenesis is undermined by the difficulty in discriminating between the causal or epiphenomenal or compensatory nature of metabolic findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Lista
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Raúl González-Domínguez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Susana López-Ortiz
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Álvaro González-Domínguez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Héctor Menéndez
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan Martín-Hernández
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Sport Sciences, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Diego Centonze
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Bruno P Imbimbo
- Department of Research and Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy
| | - Viviana Triaca
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Luana Lionetto
- Clinical Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry Section, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Simmaco
- Clinical Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry Section, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf
- Digital Technologies Research Center, National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jericha Mill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mark Mapstone
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alejandro Santos-Lozano
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain; Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain
| | - Robert Nisticò
- School of Pharmacy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Laboratory of Pharmacology of Synaptic Plasticity, EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, Rome, Italy
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5
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Analysis and Annotation of Phospholipids by Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2625:79-88. [PMID: 36653634 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2966-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipids are essential components of membrane lipid bilayers and serve as precursors of multiple signaling molecules, so alterations in their homeostasis are associated with the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. In this context, the application of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics has demonstrated great potential to comprehensively characterize the human phospholipidome. In this chapter, we describe an untargeted method for the determination of phospholipids and other related metabolites in a variety of biological matrices, including plasma/serum, erythrocytes, and tissues, based on the combination of high-throughput direct mass spectrometry fingerprinting and subsequent profiling by ultra-high-performance reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Furthermore, we also review the characteristic fragmentation patterns of phospholipids with the aim of providing simple guidelines for their straightforward annotation.
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6
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Taubel J, Nelson NR, Bansal A, Curran GL, Wang L, Wang Z, Berg HM, Vernon CJ, Min HK, Larson NB, DeGrado TR, Kandimalla KK, Lowe VJ, Pandey MK. Design, Synthesis, and Preliminary Evaluation of [ 68Ga]Ga-NOTA-Insulin as a PET Probe in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:892-906. [PMID: 35420782 PMCID: PMC9121347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant insulin signaling has been considered one of the risk factors for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and has drawn considerable attention from the research community to further study its role in AD pathophysiology. Herein, we describe the development of an insulin-based novel positron emission tomography (PET) probe, [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-insulin, to noninvasively study the role of insulin in AD. The developed PET probe [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-insulin showed a significantly higher uptake (0.396 ± 0.055 SUV) in the AD mouse brain compared to the normal (0.140 ± 0.027 SUV) mouse brain at 5 min post injection and also showed a similar trend at 10, 15, and 20 min post injection. In addition, [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-insulin was found to have a differential uptake in various brain regions at 30 min post injection. Among the brain regions, the cortex, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum showed a significantly higher standard uptake value (SUV) of [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-insulin in AD mice as compared to normal mice. The inhibition of the insulin receptor (IR) with an insulin receptor antagonist peptide (S961) in normal mice showed a similar brain uptake profile of [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-insulin as it was observed in the AD case, suggesting nonfunctional IR in AD and the presence of an alternative insulin uptake route in the absence of a functional IR. The Gjedde-Patlak graphical analysis was also performed to predict the input rate of [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-insulin into the brain using MicroPET imaging data and supported the in vivo results. The [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-insulin PET probe was successfully synthesized and evaluated in a mouse model of AD in comparison with [18F]AV1451 and [11C]PIB to noninvasively study the role of insulin in AD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillissa
C. Taubel
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Nicholas R. Nelson
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Aditya Bansal
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Geoffrey L. Curran
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Lushan Wang
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University
of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Zengtao Wang
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University
of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Heather M. Berg
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Cynthia J. Vernon
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Hoon-Ki Min
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Nicholas B. Larson
- Department
of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Timothy R. DeGrado
- Department
of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz
Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Karunya K. Kandimalla
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University
of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States,
| | - Val J. Lowe
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States,
| | - Mukesh K. Pandey
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States,
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7
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Serum tyrosine is associated with better cognition in Lewy body dementia. Brain Res 2021; 1765:147481. [PMID: 33865805 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids' neuroactivity, and roles in excitotoxity and oxidative stress are linked to dementia. We aimed to investigate whether circulating amino acid concentrations were associated with cognitive decline in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD). Baseline serum amino acid concentrations were measured in 89 patients with AD and 65 with LBD (13 with Parkinson's disease dementia and 52 with dementia with Lewy bodies). The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was administered at baseline and annually for five years. Associations between baseline amino acid concentrations and longitudinal MMSE score were assessed using a linear-mixed effects model stratified by diagnosis with adjustment for multiple comparisons. The results of the study indicated that serum tyrosine was positively associated with MMSE performance during the five-year follow-up period in patients with LBD (q-value = 0.012), but not AD. In conclusion, higher baseline serum concentrations of tyrosine, the precursor amino acid in dopamine and norepinephrine synthesis, was associated with better cognitive performance in patients with LBD, but not AD, throughout the 5-year follow-up period.
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Mechanistic Insights into Alzheimer's Disease Unveiled through the Investigation of Disturbances in Central Metabolites and Metabolic Pathways. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030298. [PMID: 33799385 PMCID: PMC7998757 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrophilic metabolites are closely involved in multiple primary metabolic pathways and, consequently, play an essential role in the onset and progression of multifactorial human disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease. This review article provides a comprehensive revision of the literature published on the use of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics platforms for approaching the central metabolome in Alzheimer’s disease research, including direct mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Overall, mounting evidence points to profound disturbances that affect a multitude of central metabolic pathways, such as the energy-related metabolism, the urea cycle, the homeostasis of amino acids, fatty acids and nucleotides, neurotransmission, and others.
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Lu Y, Pike JR, Selvin E, Mosley T, Palta P, Sharrett AR, Thomas A, Loehr L, Barritt AS, Hoogeveen RC, Heiss G. Low Liver Enzymes and Risk of Dementia: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 79:1775-1784. [PMID: 33459646 PMCID: PMC8679120 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the low physiologic range, surrogate markers for reduced liver metabolic function, are associated with cerebral hypometabolism, impairment in neurotransmitter production and synaptic maintenance, and a higher prevalence of dementia. It is unknown whether a prospective association exists between low liver enzyme levels and incident dementia. OBJECTIVE To determine whether low levels of ALT and AST are associated with higher risk of incident dementia. METHODS Plasma ALT and AST were measured on 10,100 study participants (mean age 63.2 years, 55% female, 22% black) in 1996-1998. Dementia was ascertained from comprehensive neuropsychological assessments, annual contact, and medical record surveillance. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the association. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 18.3 years (maximum 21.9 years), 1,857 individuals developed dementia. Adjusted for demographic factors, incidence rates of dementia were higher at the lower levels of ALT and AST. Compared to the second quintile, ALT values <10th percentile were associated with a higher risk of dementia (hazard ratio [HR] 1.34, 95% CI 1.08-1.65). The corresponding HR was 1.22 (0.99-1.51) for AST. CONCLUSION Plasma aminotransferases <10th percentile of the physiologic range at mid-life, particularly ALT, were associated with greater long-term risk of dementia, advocating for attention to the putative role of hepatic function in the pathogenesis of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, US
| | - James R. Pike
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, US
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology and the Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Thomas Mosley
- The MIND Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, US
| | - Priya Palta
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, US
- Department of Epidemiology, Joseph P. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - A. Richey Sharrett
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Alvin Thomas
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, US
| | - Laura Loehr
- Division of General Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, US
| | - A. Sidney Barritt
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, US
| | - Ron C. Hoogeveen
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, US
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, US
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10
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He R, Liu J, Huang C, Liu J, Cui H, Zhao B. A Urinary Metabolomics Analysis Based on UPLC-MS and Effects of Moxibustion in APP/PS1 Mice. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 17:753-765. [PMID: 33167836 DOI: 10.2174/1567205017666201109091759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder with the symptoms of cognitive impairment and decreased learning and memory abilities. Metabolomics can reflect the related functional status and physiological and pathological changes in the process of AD. Moxibustion is a unique method in traditional Chinese medicine, which has been used in the treatment and prevention of diseases for thousands of years. METHODS A total of 32 APP/PS1 mice were randomly divided into the model group, moxibustion group, moxa smoke group and smoke-free moxibustion group (n=8/group), using the random number table method, while eight C57BL/6 mice were used as the control group. The five groups were measured for 20 min/day, 6 days/week, for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks' experiment, all the mice were placed in metabolic cages to collect urine continuously for 24 hours, for UPLC-MS analysis. RESULTS Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the different metabolites among the five groups, and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was performed to reveal the effects on the metabolic variance. Sixteen potential biomarkers were identified among the five groups, primarily related to amino acid metabolism, starch metabolism, sucrose metabolism, interconversion of pentose and glucuronate, and aminoacyl biosynthesis. There were 17 differences in the potential metabolites between the control and model groups, involving the metabolism of amino acid, purine, pyrimidine, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, and biosynthesis of pantothenate and coenzyme A. Fifteen potential biomarkers were identified between the model and moxibustion groups, related to starch metabolism, sucrose metabolism, interconversion of pentose and glucuronate, glyoxylate, dicarboxylate anions and some amino acid metabolism. CONCLUSION Moxibustion can regulate the metabolism of substance and energy by improving the synthesis and decomposition of carbohydrates and amino acids in APP/PS1 transgenic AD model mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui He
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Juntian Liu
- Beijing Hospital of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Huang
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Huguo Temple Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyi Liu
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Huguo Temple Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Herong Cui
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Baixiao Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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11
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Téglás T, Ábrahám D, Jókai M, Kondo S, Mohammadi R, Fehér J, Szabó D, Wilhelm M, Radák Z. Exercise combined with a probiotics treatment alters the microbiome, but moderately affects signalling pathways in the liver of male APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Biogerontology 2020; 21:807-815. [PMID: 32812166 PMCID: PMC7541368 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09895-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that physical exercise and probiotic supplementation delay the progress of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) in male APP/PS1TG mice. However, it has also been suggested that both exercise and AD have systemic effects. We have studied the effects of exercise training and probiotic treatment on microbiome and biochemical signalling proteins in the liver. The results suggest that liver is under oxidative stress, since SOD2 levels of APP/PS1 mice were decreased when compared to a wild type of mice. Exercise training prevented this decrease. We did not find significant changes in COX4, SIRT3, PGC-1a or GLUT4 levels, while the changes in pAMPK/AMPK, pmTOR/mTOR, pS6/S6 and NRF2 levels were randomly modulated. The data suggest that exercise and probiotics-induced changes in microbiome do not strongly affect mitochondrial density or protein synthesis-related AMPK/mTOR/S6 pathways in the liver of these animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tímea Téglás
- Research Center for Molecular Exercise Science, University of Physical Education, Alkotas str. 44, Budapest, 1123, Hungary
| | - Dóra Ábrahám
- Research Center for Molecular Exercise Science, University of Physical Education, Alkotas str. 44, Budapest, 1123, Hungary
| | - Mátyás Jókai
- Research Center for Molecular Exercise Science, University of Physical Education, Alkotas str. 44, Budapest, 1123, Hungary
| | - Saki Kondo
- Research Center for Molecular Exercise Science, University of Physical Education, Alkotas str. 44, Budapest, 1123, Hungary.,Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan
| | - Rezieh Mohammadi
- Research Center for Molecular Exercise Science, University of Physical Education, Alkotas str. 44, Budapest, 1123, Hungary
| | - János Fehér
- Ophthalmology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Dóra Szabó
- Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marta Wilhelm
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Faculty of Science, University of Pécs, Pecs, 2020, Hungary.,Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Zsolt Radák
- Research Center for Molecular Exercise Science, University of Physical Education, Alkotas str. 44, Budapest, 1123, Hungary. .,Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Faculty of Science, University of Pécs, Pecs, 2020, Hungary. .,Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan.
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12
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Peng Y, Gao P, Shi L, Chen L, Liu J, Long J. Central and Peripheral Metabolic Defects Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease: Targeting Mitochondria for Diagnosis and Prevention. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:1188-1236. [PMID: 32050773 PMCID: PMC7196371 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Epidemiological studies indicate that metabolic disorders are associated with an increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Metabolic remodeling occurs in the central nervous system (CNS) and periphery, even in the early stages of AD. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been widely accepted as a molecular mechanism underlying metabolic disorders. Therefore, focusing on early metabolic changes, especially from the perspective of mitochondria, could be of interest for early AD diagnosis and intervention. Recent Advances: We and others have identified that the levels of several metabolites are fluctuated in the periphery before their accumulation in the CNS, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. Mitochondrial remodeling is likely one of the earliest signs of AD, linking nutritional imbalance to cognitive deficits. Notably, by improving mitochondrial function, mitochondrial nutrients efficiently rescue cellular metabolic dysfunction in the CNS and periphery in individuals with AD. Critical Issues: Peripheral metabolic disorders should be intensively explored and evaluated for the early diagnosis of AD. The circulating metabolites derived from mitochondrial remodeling represent novel potential diagnostic biomarkers for AD that are more readily detected than CNS-oriented biomarkers. Moreover, mitochondrial nutrients provide a promising approach to preventing and delaying AD progression. Future Directions: Abnormal mitochondrial metabolism in the CNS and periphery is involved in AD pathogenesis. More clinical studies provide evidence for the suitability and reliability of circulating metabolites and cytokines for the early diagnosis of AD. Targeting mitochondria to rewire cellular metabolism is a promising approach to preventing AD and ameliorating AD-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhua Peng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peipei Gao
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Le Shi
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiangang Long
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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13
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King CD, Robinson RAS. Evaluating Combined Precursor Isotopic Labeling and Isobaric Tagging Performance on Orbitraps To Study the Peripheral Proteome of Alzheimer's Disease. Anal Chem 2020; 92:2911-2916. [PMID: 31940168 PMCID: PMC7932850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Combined precursor isotopic labeling and isobaric tagging (cPILOT) is an enhanced multiplexing strategy currently capable of analyzing up to 24 samples simultaneously. This capability is especially helpful when studying multiple tissues and biological replicates in models of disease, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, cPILOT was used to study proteomes from heart, liver, and brain tissues in a late-stage amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1 (APP/PS-1) human transgenic double-knock-in mouse model of AD. The original global cPILOT assay developed on an Orbitrap Velos instrument was transitioned to an Orbitrap Fusion Lumos instrument. The advantages of faster scan rates, lower limits of detection, and synchronous precursor selection on the Fusion Lumos afford greater numbers of isobarically tagged peptides to be quantified in comparison to the Orbitrap Velos. Parameters such as LC gradient, m/z isolation window, dynamic exclusion, targeted mass analyses, and synchronous precursor scan were optimized leading to >600 000 PSMs, corresponding to 6074 proteins. Overall, these studies inform of system-wide changes in brain, heart, and liver proteins from a mouse model of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina D King
- Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37235 , United States
| | - Renã A S Robinson
- Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37235 , United States
- Department of Neurology , Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center , Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , Tennessee 37212 , United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
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14
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Zheng H, Cai A, Shu Q, Niu Y, Xu P, Li C, Lin L, Gao H. Tissue-Specific Metabolomics Analysis Identifies the Liver as a Major Organ of Metabolic Disorders in Amyloid Precursor Protein/Presenilin 1 Mice of Alzheimer's Disease. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:1218-1227. [PMID: 30592618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is regarded as a metabolic disorder, and more attention has been paid to brain metabolism. However, AD may also affect metabolism in the peripheral organs beyond the brain. In this study, therefore, we investigated metabolic changes in the liver, kidney, and heart of amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) mice at 1, 5, and 10 months of age by using 1H NMR-based metabolomics and chemometrics. Metabolomic results reveal that the liver was the earliest affected organ in APP/PS1 mice during amyloid pathology progression, followed by the kidney and heart. Moreover, a hypometabolic state was found in the liver of APP/PS1 mice at 5 months of age, and the disturbed metabolites were mainly involved in energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, nucleic acid metabolism, as well as ketone and fatty acid metabolism. In conclusion, our results suggest that AD is a systemic metabolic dysfunction, and hepatic metabolic abnormality may reflect amyloid pathology progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zheng
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325035 , China
| | - Aimin Cai
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325035 , China
| | - Qi Shu
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325035 , China
| | - Yan Niu
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325035 , China
| | - Pengtao Xu
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325035 , China
| | - Chen Li
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325035 , China
| | - Li Lin
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325035 , China
| | - Hongchang Gao
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325035 , China
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15
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High-Throughput Metabolomics Based on Direct Mass Spectrometry Analysis in Biomedical Research. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1978:27-38. [PMID: 31119655 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9236-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics based on direct mass spectrometry analysis shows a great potential in biomedical research because of its high-throughput screening capability and wide metabolome coverage. This chapter contains detailed protocols to perform comprehensive metabolomic fingerprinting of multiple biological samples (serum, plasma, urine, brain, liver, spleen, thymus) by using complementary analytical platforms. The most important issues to be considered are discussed, including sample treatment, metabolomic analysis, raw data preprocessing, and data analysis.
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16
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González-Domínguez R, Sayago A, Fernández-Recamales Á. High-Throughput Direct Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics to Characterize Metabolite Fingerprints Associated with Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis. Metabolites 2018; 8:E52. [PMID: 30231538 PMCID: PMC6160963 DOI: 10.3390/metabo8030052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct mass spectrometry-based metabolomics has been widely employed in recent years to characterize the metabolic alterations underlying Alzheimer's disease development and progression. This high-throughput approach presents great potential for fast and simultaneous fingerprinting of a vast number of metabolites, which can be applied to multiple biological matrices including serum/plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid and tissues. In this review article, we present the main advantages and drawbacks of metabolomics based on direct mass spectrometry compared with conventional analytical techniques, and provide a comprehensive revision of the literature on the use of these tools in the investigation of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl González-Domínguez
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
- International Campus of Excellence ceiA3, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
- Biomarkers & Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ana Sayago
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
- International Campus of Excellence ceiA3, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
| | - Ángeles Fernández-Recamales
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
- International Campus of Excellence ceiA3, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
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17
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Bergin DH, Jing Y, Mockett BG, Zhang H, Abraham WC, Liu P. Altered plasma arginine metabolome precedes behavioural and brain arginine metabolomic profile changes in the APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:108. [PMID: 29802260 PMCID: PMC5970225 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0149-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
While amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides play a central role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), recent evidence also implicates altered metabolism of L-arginine in the pathogenesis of AD. The present study systematically investigated how behavioural function and the brain and plasma arginine metabolic profiles changed in a chronic Aβ accumulation model using male APPswe/PS1ΔE9 transgenic (Tg) mice at 7 and 13 months of age. As compared to their wild-type (WT) littermates, Tg mice displayed age-related deficits in spatial water maze tasks and alterations in brain arginine metabolism. Interestingly, the plasma arginine metabolic profile was markedly altered in 7-month Tg mice prior to major behavioural impairment. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that plasma putrescine and spermine significantly differentiated between Tg and WT mice. These results demonstrate the parallel development of altered brain arginine metabolism and behavioural deficits in Tg mice. The altered plasma arginine metabolic profile that preceded the behavioural and brain profile changes suggests that there may be merit in an arginine-centric set of ante-mortem biomarkers for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Bergin
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Brain Research New Zealand and Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Y Jing
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Brain Research New Zealand and Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - B G Mockett
- Brain Research New Zealand and Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - H Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Brain Research New Zealand and Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - W C Abraham
- Brain Research New Zealand and Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - P Liu
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
- Brain Research New Zealand and Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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18
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Abstract
The integration of complementary analytical platforms has emerged as a suitable strategy to perform a comprehensive metabolomic characterization of complex biological systems. In this work, we describe the most important issues to be considered for the application of a mass spectrometry multiplatform in Alzheimer's disease research, which combines direct analysis with electrospray and atmospheric pressure photoionization sources, as well as orthogonal hyphenated approaches based on reversed-phase ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. These procedures have been optimized for the analysis of multiple biological samples from human patients and transgenic animal models, including blood serum, various brain regions (e.g., hippocampus, cortex, cerebellum, striatum, olfactory bulbs), and other peripheral organs (e.g., liver, kidney, spleen, thymus). It is noteworthy that the metabolomic pipeline here detailed has demonstrated a great potential for the investigation of metabolic perturbations underlying Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.
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19
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González-Domínguez R, Sayago A, Fernández-Recamales Á. Metabolomics in Alzheimer’s disease: The need of complementary analytical platforms for the identification of biomarkers to unravel the underlying pathology. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1071:75-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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González-Domínguez R, Mateos RM, Lechuga-Sancho AM, González-Cortés JJ, Corrales-Cuevas M, Rojas-Cots JA, Segundo C, Schwarz M. Synergic effects of sugar and caffeine on insulin-mediated metabolomic alterations after an acute consumption of soft drinks. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:2313-2322. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raúl González-Domínguez
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences; University of Huelva; Spain
- International Campus of Excellence CeiA3; University of Huelva; Spain
| | - Rosa María Mateos
- Department of Pediatrics; Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cádiz; Spain
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cadiz; Spain
- Department of Biotechnology, Biomedicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine; University of Cádiz; Cádiz Spain
| | - Alfonso María Lechuga-Sancho
- Department of Pediatrics; Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cádiz; Spain
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cadiz; Spain
- Department of Mother and Child Health and Radiology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Cádiz; Cádiz Spain
| | - José Joaquín González-Cortés
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cadiz; Spain
- Department of Mother and Child Health and Radiology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Cádiz; Cádiz Spain
| | - Manuel Corrales-Cuevas
- Department of Mother and Child Health and Radiology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Cádiz; Cádiz Spain
| | - Juan Alberto Rojas-Cots
- Department of Mother and Child Health and Radiology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Cádiz; Cádiz Spain
| | - Carmen Segundo
- “Salus Infirmorum” Faculty of Nursing; University of Cádiz; Cádiz Spain
| | - Mónica Schwarz
- “Salus Infirmorum” Faculty of Nursing; University of Cádiz; Cádiz Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Vitivinícola y Agroalimentario (IVAGRO), Puerto Real Campus; University of Cádiz, Puerto Real; Cádiz Spain
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21
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Xia H, Wu L, Chu M, Feng H, Lu C, Wang Q, He M, Ge X. Effects of breviscapine on amyloid beta 1-42 induced Alzheimer's disease mice: A HPLC-QTOF-MS based plasma metabonomics study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1057:92-100. [PMID: 28511119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Herba Erigerontis has long been used to cure apoplexy hemiplegia and precordial pain in China. In addition, the bioactivities of its total flavonoids-breviscapine included inhibiting amyloid beta (Aβ) fibril formation, antioxidation and metal chelating, which are beneficial to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hence, A HPLC-QTOF-MS based plasma metabonomics approach was applied to investigate the neuroprotective effects of breviscapine on intracerebroventricular injection of aggregated Aβ 1-42 induced AD mice for the first time in the study. Ten potential biomarkers were screened out by multivariate statistical analysis, eight of which were further identified as indoleacrylic acid, C16 sphinganine, LPE (22:6), sulfolithocholic acid, LPC (16:0), PA (22:1/0:0), taurodeoxycholic acid, and PC (0:0/18:0). According to their metabolic pathways, it was supposed that breviscapine ameliorated the learning and memory deficits of AD mice predominantly by regulating phospholipids metabolism, elevating serotonin level and lowering cholesterols content in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Xia
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lingling Wu
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengying Chu
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Feng
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunliang Lu
- Testing Center, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghe Wang
- Bruker Corporation, 418 Guiping Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghai He
- Bruker Corporation, 418 Guiping Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqun Ge
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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González-Domínguez R. Metabolomic Fingerprinting of Blood Samples by Direct Infusion Mass Spectrometry: Application in Alzheimer’s Disease Research. JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS AND TESTING 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-017-0018-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Abstract
Metabolomics based on direct mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, either by direct infusion or flow injection of crude sample extracts, shows a great potential for metabolic fingerprinting because of its high-throughput screening capability, wide metabolite coverage and reduced time of analysis. Considering that numerous metabolic pathways are significantly perturbed during the initiation and progression of diseases, these metabolomic tools can be used to get a deeper understanding about disease pathogenesis and discover potential biomarkers for early diagnosis. In this work, we describe the most common metabolomic platforms used in biomedical research, with special focus on strategies based on direct MS analysis. Then, a comprehensive review on the application of direct MS fingerprinting in clinical issues is provided.
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Tang Y, Peng Y, Liu J, Shi L, Wang Y, Long J, Liu J. Early inflammation-associated factors blunt sterol regulatory element-binding proteins-1-mediated lipogenesis in high-fat diet-fed APP SWE /PSEN1dE9 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem 2015; 136:791-803. [PMID: 26578392 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients have an increased incidence of Type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Since AD is considered a multifactorial disease that affects both the central nerves system and periphery and the dysregulation of hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism play critical roles in T2D, we, therefore, aim to explore the influence of AD genotype on the liver during the progress of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced T2D. Fourteen-week-old female APPSWE /PSEN1dE9 (AD) mice and age-, gender-matched wild-type controls C57BL/6J (WT) mice were fed a HFD (45% kcal fat content) or a standard chow diet (chow, 12% kcal fat content) for 22 weeks. The effects of diet and genotype were analyzed. Mouse primary hepatocytes were used to decipher the underlying mechanisms. HFD induced significantly higher body weight gain, more severe hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance and hepatic insulin resistance in AD mice than in WT mice. However, AD mice showed reduced HFD-induced hepatic steatosis, and SREBP-1-mediated lipogenic signaling was activated by HFD in WT mice but not in AD mice. In addition, 14-week-old AD mice exhibited higher expression of NF-κB p65, p-JNK and p-p38MAPK, as well as higher hepatic and serum contents of IL-6 and TNFα. In mouse primary hepatocyte cultures, IL-6 and TNFα inhibited high-glucose plus insulin-induced activation of SREBP-1-mediated lipogenic signaling and biosynthesis of non-esterified fatty acid and triglyceride. Early inflammation-associated factors most likely diminish HFD-induced hepatic lipid deposition by inhibiting SREBP-1-mediated de novo lipogenesis, thus driving substrate flux to glucose production for hyperglycemia and hepatic insulin resistance in T2D development. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial disease affecting both central nerves system and periphery organs. Therefore, we explored the hepatic susceptibility to high-fat diet (HFD) in AD mice. We found that AD mice were resistant to HFD-induced hepatic fat accumulation in spite of more severe obesity, hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance and hepatic insulin resistance. Mechanistically, AD mice exhibited hepatic inflammation at an early stage, which inhibited sterol regulatory element-binding proteins-1 (SREBP-1)-mediated de novo lipogenesis, and most likely drive substrate flux to glucose production for hyperglycemia and hepatic insulin resistance. Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.13306.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yunhua Peng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Le Shi
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongyao Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiangang Long
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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