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Saffari Ghandehari S, Boyer J, Ronin D, White JR, Hapeman CJ, Jackson D, Kaya D, Torrents A, Kjellerup BV. Use of organic amendments derived from biosolids for groundwater remediation of TCE. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 323:138059. [PMID: 36806806 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Many groundwater aquifers around the world are contaminated with trichloroethene (TCE), which can be harmful to human and ecosystem health. Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRB) are commonly used to remediate TCE-contaminated groundwaters especially when a point source is ill defined. Using biosolids from wastewater treatment plants as a PRB filling material can provide a source of carbon and nutrients for dechlorinating bacterial activity. However, under the anaerobic conditions of the PRB, methanogenesis can also occur which can adversely affect reductive dechlorination. We conducted bench scale experiments to evaluate the effect of biosolids on TCE reductive dechlorination and found that methanogenesis was significantly higher in the reactors amended with biosolids, but that reductive dechlorination did not decrease. Furthermore, the microbial communities in the biosolid-enhanced reactors were more abundant with obligate dechlorinators, such as Dehalobacter and Dehalogenimonas, than the reactors amended only with the dechlorinating culture. The biosolids enhanced the presence and abundance of methanogens and acetogens, which had a positive effect on maintaining an efficient dechlorinating microbial community and provided the necessary enzymes, cofactors, and electron donors. These results indicate that waste materials such as biosolids can be turned into a valuable resource for bioremediation of TCE and likely other contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Saffari Ghandehari
- University of Maryland, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1153 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - Jessica Boyer
- University of Maryland, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1153 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - Dana Ronin
- University of Maryland, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1153 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | | | - Cathleen J Hapeman
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
| | | | - Devrim Kaya
- University of Maryland, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1153 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD, 20740, USA; Oregon State University, School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, 105 SW 26th St #116, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Alba Torrents
- University of Maryland, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1153 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - Birthe V Kjellerup
- University of Maryland, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1153 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD, 20740, USA.
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Sánchez-Sánchez C, Aranda-Medina M, Rodríguez A, Hernández A, Córdoba MG, Cuadros-Blázquez F, Ruiz-Moyano S. Development of real-time PCR methods for the quantification of Methanoculleus, Methanosarcina and Methanobacterium in anaerobic digestion. J Microbiol Methods 2022; 199:106529. [PMID: 35772572 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2022.106529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is a growing technology to manage organic waste and produce bioenergy. To promote this technology, it is essential to know, at the molecular level, the dynamics of microbial communities, specifically the methanogenic community. In the present study, three primer pairs were selected from seven primer pairs which were designed and tested with different concentrations and conditions to detect Methanosarcina, Methanoculleus and Methanobacterium by real-time PCR based on the SYBR Green System. The functionality of the developed methods was demonstrated by the high linear relationship of the standard curves, and the specificity of each primer was empirically verified by testing DNA isolated from methane-producing and non-producing strains. These assays also exhibited good repeatability and reproducibility, which indicates the robustness of the methods. The described primers were successfully used to investigate the methanogenic communities of 10 samples from an anaerobic co-digestion. The genus Methanosarcina was the dominant methanogenic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consolación Sánchez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda, de Adolfo Suárez S/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Mercedes Aranda-Medina
- Expresión Gráfica, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Campus Universitario, Avda de Elvas sn, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Alicia Rodríguez
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suarez, s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Hernández
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suarez, s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - María G Córdoba
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suarez, s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Francisco Cuadros-Blázquez
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda, de Adolfo Suárez S/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Santiago Ruiz-Moyano
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suarez, s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
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Vítězová M, Lochman J, Zapletalová M, Ratering S, Schnell S, Vítěz T. Archaeal community dynamics in biogas fermentation at various temperatures assessed by mcrA amplicon sequencing using different primer pairs. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:188. [PMID: 34611812 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03152-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the taxonomic and functional diversity of methanogenic archaea in two parallel 120 l fermenters operated at different temperatures and fed with maize silage was estimated by mcrA metabarcoding analysis using two typical primer pairs (ML and MLA) amplifying part of the functional methyl coenzyme M reductase (mcrA) gene. The alpha diversity indices showed that the ML primer pair detected a higher Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) abundance compared to the MLA primer pair and methanogen diversity was significantly lower in the 60 °C fermenters. The beta diversity analysis showed the methanogenic community clustered together at 50 °C and 40° and was statistically different from the 60 °C community. Similar, to alpha diversity, beta diversity was also significantly different between primer pairs. At all temperatures analysed, the primer pairs showed a different abundance of the different methanogenic OTUs, e.g. more OTUs relative to Methanoculleus sp. with the ML primer pair, and more OTUs corresponding to Methanobacterium sp. with the MLA primer pair. Moreover, OTUs corresponding to Methanosphaera sp. and Methanobrevibacter sp. were found only by using ML primer pair, while the MLA primer pair detected sequences corresponding to Methanothrix sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Vítězová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Lochman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Martina Zapletalová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stefan Ratering
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sylvia Schnell
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tomáš Vítěz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300, Brno, Czech Republic
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Gómez-Sanabria A, Zusman E, Höglund-Isaksson L, Klimont Z, Lee SY, Akahoshi K, Farzaneh H. Sustainable wastewater management in Indonesia's fish processing industry: Bringing governance into scenario analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 275:111241. [PMID: 32900543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The government of Indonesia has pledged to meet ambitious greenhouse gas mitigation goals in its Nationally Determined Contribution as well as reduce water pollution through its water management policies. A set of technologies could conceivably help achieving these goals simultaneously. However, the installation and widespread application of these technologies will require knowledge on how governance affects the implementation of existing policies as well as cooperation across sectors, administrative levels, and stakeholders. This paper integrates key governance variables--involving enforcement capacity, institutional coordination and multi-actor networks--into an analysis of the potential impacts on greenhouse gases and chemical oxygen demand in seven wastewater treatment scenarios for the fish processing industry in Indonesia. The analysis demonstrates that there is an increase of 24% in both CH4 and CO2 emissions between 2015 and 2030 in the business-as-usual scenario due to growth in production volumes. Interestingly, in scenarios focusing only on strengthening capacities to enforce national water policies, expected total greenhouse gas emissions are about five times higher than in the business-as-usual in 2030; this is due to growth in CH4 emissions during the handling and landfilling of sludge, as well as in CO2 generated from the electricity required for wastewater treatment. In the scenarios where there is significant cooperation across sectors, administrative levels, and stakeholders to integrate climate and water goals, both estimated chemical oxygen demand and CH4 emissions are considerably lower than in the business-as-usual and the national water policy scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Gómez-Sanabria
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis - IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences - BOKU, Institute of Social Ecology, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Eric Zusman
- Institute for Global Environmental Strategies - IGES, Hayama, Japan; Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | | | - Zbigniew Klimont
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis - IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
| | - So-Young Lee
- Institute for Global Environmental Strategies - IGES, Hayama, Japan.
| | - Kaoru Akahoshi
- Institute for Global Environmental Strategies - IGES, Hayama, Japan.
| | - Hooman Farzaneh
- Inter/Transdisciplinary Energy Research, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Acclimation Improves Methane Production from Molasses Wastewater with High Salinity in an Upflow Anaerobic Filter Reactor: Performance and Microbial Community Dynamics. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 191:397-411. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03236-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Utilization of Food and Agricultural Residues for a Flexible Biogas Production: Process Stability and Effects on Needed Biogas Storage Capacities. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12142678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biogas plants can contribute to future energy systems’ stability through flexible power generation. To provide power flexibly, a demand-oriented biogas supply is necessary, which may be ensured by applying flexible feeding strategies. In this study, the impacts of applying three different feeding strategies (1x, 3x and 9x feeding per day) on the biogas and methane production and process stability parameters were determined for a biogas plant with a focus on waste treatment. Two feedstocks that differed in (1) high fat and (2) higher carbohydrate content were investigated during semi-continuous fermentation tests. Measurements of the short chain fatty acids concentration, pH value, TVA/TIC ratio and total ammonium and ammonia content along with a molecular biology analysis were conducted to assess the effects on process stability. The results show that flexible biogas production can be obtained without negative impacts on the process performance and that production peaks in biogas and methane can be significantly shifted to another time by changing feeding intervals. Implementing the fermentation tests’ results into a biogas plant simulation model and an assessment of power generation scenarios focusing on peak-time power generation revealed a considerable reduction potential for the needed biogas storage capacity of up to 73.7%.
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Lambrecht J, Cichocki N, Hübschmann T, Koch C, Harms H, Müller S. Flow cytometric quantification, sorting and sequencing of methanogenic archaea based on F 420 autofluorescence. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:180. [PMID: 29084543 PMCID: PMC5663091 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0793-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The widely established production of CH4 from renewable biomass in industrial scale anaerobic reactors may play a major role in the future energy supply. It relies on methanogenic archaea as key organisms which represent the bottleneck in the process. The quantitative analysis of these organisms can help to maximize process performance, uncover disturbances before failure, and may ultimately lead to community-based process control schemes. Existing qPCR and fluorescence microscopy-based methods are very attractive but can be cost-intensive and laborious. Results In this study we present an autofluorescence-based, flow cytometric method for the fast low-cost quantification of methanogenic archaea in complex microbial communities and crude substrates. The method was applied to a methanogenic enrichment culture (MEC) and digester samples (DS). The methanogenic archaea were quantified using the distinct fluorescence of their cofactor F420 in a range from 3.7 × 108 (± 3.3 × 106) cells mL−1 and 1.8 x 109 (± 1.1 × 108) cells mL−1. We evaluated different fixation methods and tested the sample stability. Stable abundance and fluorescence intensity were recorded up to 26 days during aerobic storage in PBS at 6 °C. The discrimination of the whole microbial community from the ubiquitous particle noise was facilitated by SYBR Green I staining and enabled calculation of relative abundances of methanogenic archaea of up to 9.64 ± 0.23% in the MEC and up to 4.43 ± 0.74% in the DS. The metaprofiling of the mcrA gene reinforced the results. Conclusions The presented method allows for fast and reliable quantification of methanogenic archaea in microbial communities under authentic digester conditions and can thus be useful for process monitoring and control in biogas digesters. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-017-0793-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Lambrecht
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicolas Cichocki
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Hübschmann
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christin Koch
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hauke Harms
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susann Müller
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
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8
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Benito PC, Greger M. Influence of the Substrate/Inoculum Ratio on Process Stability and Performance during Batch Digestion of Grass Silage. CHEM-ING-TECH 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201600008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia C. Benito
- University of Luxembourg; Faculty of Science, Technology, and Communication; 6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi 1359 Luxembourg Luxembourg
| | - Manfred Greger
- University of Luxembourg; Faculty of Science, Technology, and Communication; 6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi 1359 Luxembourg Luxembourg
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9
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Effects of Biogas Substrate Recirculation on Methane Yield and Efficiency of a Liquid-Manure-Based Biogas Plant. ENERGIES 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/en10030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Influence of nitrogen-rich substrates on biogas production and on the methanogenic community under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. Anaerobe 2017; 46:146-154. [PMID: 28254264 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Grass silage was evaluated as a possible substrate in anaerobic digestion for generation of biogas in mesophilic and thermophilic long-term operation. Furthermore, the molecular biological parameter Metabolic Quotient (MQ) was evaluated as early warning system to predict process disturbance. Since this substrate is rich in nitrogen, high ammonia concentration of up to 2.2 g * kgFM-1 emerged. The high buffer capacity of the ammonium/ammonia system can disguise upcoming process acidification. At organic loading rates (OLR) below 1.0 kgVS * m-3 * d-1 (VS: volatile solids) for thermophilic and below 1.5 kgVS * m-3 * d-1 for mesophilic reactors, stable processes were established. With increasing OLR, the process was stressed until it broke down in the thermophilic reactors at an OLR of 3.5 kgVS * m-3 * d-1 or was stopped at an OLR of 4.5 kgVS * m-3 * d-1 in the mesophilic reactors. Mainly propionic acid accumulated in concentrations of up to 6.5 g * kgFM-1. Due to the high buffer capacity of the reactor sludge, the chemical parameter TVA/TIC (ratio of total volatile acids to total inorganic carbon) did not clearly indicate process disturbance in advance. In contrast, the MQ indicated metabolic stress of the methanogens before process breakdown and thus showed its potential as early warning system for process breakdown. During the whole experiment, hydrogenotrophic methanogens dominated. In the thermophilic reactors, Methanoculleus IIA-2 sp. 2 and Methanothermobacter wolfeii were dominant during stable process conditions and were displaced by Methanobacterium III sp. 4, a possible new bioindicator for disturbances at these conditions. In the mesophilic reactors, mainly Methanobacterium III sp. 4 was dominant at stable, stressed and acidified processes. A hitherto uncultivated genospecies, Methanobacteriaceae genus IV(B) sp. 3 was determined as possible new bioindicator for mesophilic process disturbance.
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De Vrieze J, Coma M, Debeuckelaere M, Van der Meeren P, Rabaey K. High salinity in molasses wastewaters shifts anaerobic digestion to carboxylate production. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 98:293-301. [PMID: 27110885 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Biorefinery wastewaters are often treated by means of anaerobic digestion to produce biogas. Alternatively, these wastewaters can be fermented, leading to the formation of carboxylates. Here, we investigated how lab-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors could be shifted to fermentation by changing organic loading rate, hydraulic retention time, pH, and salinity. A strong increase in volatile fatty acid concentration up to 40 g COD L(-1) was achieved through increasing salinity above 30 mS cm(-1), as well as a decrease in methane production by more than 90%, which could not be obtained by adjusting the other parameters, thus, indicating a clear shift from methane to carboxylate production. Microbial community analysis revealed a shift in bacterial community to lower evenness and richness values, following the increased salinity and VFA concentration during the fermentation process. A selective enrichment of the hydrogenotrophic Methanomicrobiales took place upon the shift to fermentation, despite a severe decrease in methane production. Particle size distribution revealed a strong degranulation of the sludge in the reactor, related to the high salinity, which resulted in a wash-out of the biomass. This research shows that salinity is a key parameter enabling a shift from methane to carboxylate production in a stable fermentation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo De Vrieze
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Marta Coma
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Matthias Debeuckelaere
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Paul Van der Meeren
- Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Korneel Rabaey
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium; Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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Dollhofer V, Callaghan TM, Dorn-In S, Bauer J, Lebuhn M. Development of three specific PCR-based tools to determine quantity, cellulolytic transcriptional activity and phylogeny of anaerobic fungi. J Microbiol Methods 2016; 127:28-40. [PMID: 27220661 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2016.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic fungi (AF) decompose plant material with their rhizoid and multiple cellulolytic enzymes. They disintegrate the complex structure of lignocellulosic substrates, making them more accessible and suitable for further microbial degradation. There is also much interest in their use as biocatalysts for biotechnological applications. Here, three novel polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods for detecting AF and their transcriptional activity in in vitro cultures and environmental samples were developed. Two real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR)-based methods targeting AF were developed: AF-SSU, was designed to quantify the 18S rRNA genes of AF. AF-Endo, measuring transcripts of an endoglucanase gene from the glycoside hydrolase family 5 (GH5), was developed to quantify their transcriptional cellulolytic activity. The third PCR based approach was designed for phylogenetical analysis. It targets the 28S rRNA gene (LSU) of AF revealing their phylogenetic affiliation. The in silico-designed primer/probe combinations were successfully tested for the specific amplification of AF from animal and biogas plant derived samples. In combination, these three methods represent useful tools for the analysis of AF transcriptional cellulolytic activity, their abundance and their phylogenetic placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Dollhofer
- Department for Quality Assurance and Analytics, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Lange Point 6, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Tony Martin Callaghan
- Department for Quality Assurance and Analytics, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Lange Point 6, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Samart Dorn-In
- Chair of Animal Hygiene, WZW, TUM, Weihenstephaner Berg 3, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Johann Bauer
- Chair of Animal Hygiene, WZW, TUM, Weihenstephaner Berg 3, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Michael Lebuhn
- Department for Quality Assurance and Analytics, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Lange Point 6, 85354 Freising, Germany.
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13
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Enrichment of Methanosaetaceae on carbon felt and biochar during anaerobic digestion of a potassium-rich molasses stream. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:5177-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7503-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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14
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Walter A, Probst M, Hinterberger S, Müller H, Insam H. Biotic and abiotic dynamics of a high solid-state anaerobic digestion box-type container system. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 49:26-35. [PMID: 26860425 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A solid-state anaerobic digestion box-type container system for biomethane production was observed in 12 three-week batch fermentations. Reactor performance was monitored using physico-chemical analysis and the methanogenic community was identified using ANAEROCHIP-microarrays and quantitative PCR. A resilient community was found in all batches, despite variations in inoculum to substrate ratio, feedstock quality, and fluctuating reactor conditions. The consortia were dominated by mixotrophic Methanosarcina that were accompanied by hydrogenotrophic Methanobacterium, Methanoculleus, and Methanocorpusculum. The relationship between biotic and abiotic variables was investigated using bivariate correlation analysis and univariate analysis of variance. High amounts of biogas were produced in batches with high copy numbers of Methanosarcina. High copy numbers of Methanocorpusculum and extensive percolation, however, were found to negatively correlate with biogas production. Supporting these findings, a negative correlation was detected between Methanocorpusculum and Methanosarcina. Based on these results, this study suggests Methanosarcina as an indicator for well-functioning reactor performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Walter
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25d, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Hochschule Hamm-Lippstadt, Biotechnologie, Marker Allee 76-78, 59063 Hamm, Germany.
| | - Maraike Probst
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25d, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | | | - Horst Müller
- Müller Abfallprojekte GmbH, Hauptstraße 34, 4675 Weibern, Austria.
| | - Heribert Insam
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25d, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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15
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Lebuhn M, Derenkó J, Rademacher A, Helbig S, Munk B, Pechtl A, Stolze Y, Prowe S, Schwarz WH, Schlüter A, Liebl W, Klocke M. DNA and RNA Extraction and Quantitative Real-Time PCR-Based Assays for Biogas Biocenoses in an Interlaboratory Comparison. Bioengineering (Basel) 2016; 3:bioengineering3010007. [PMID: 28952569 PMCID: PMC5597165 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering3010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Five institutional partners participated in an interlaboratory comparison of nucleic acid extraction, RNA preservation and quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) based assays for biogas biocenoses derived from different grass silage digesting laboratory and pilot scale fermenters. A kit format DNA extraction system based on physical and chemical lysis with excellent extraction efficiency yielded highly reproducible results among the partners and clearly outperformed a traditional CTAB/chloroform/isoamylalcohol based method. Analytical purpose, sample texture, consistency and upstream pretreatment steps determine the modifications that should be applied to achieve maximum efficiency in the trade-off between extract purity and nucleic acid recovery rate. RNA extraction was much more variable, and the destination of the extract determines the method to be used. RNA stabilization with quaternary ammonium salts was an as satisfactory approach as flash freezing in liquid N2. Due to co-eluted impurities, spectrophotometry proved to be of limited value for nucleic acid qualification and quantification in extracts obtained with the kit, and picoGreen® based quantification was more trustworthy. Absorbance at 230 nm can be extremely high in the presence of certain chaotropic guanidine salts, but guanidinium isothiocyanate does not affect (q)PCR. Absolute quantification by qPCR requires application of a reliable internal standard for which correct PCR efficiency and Y-intercept values are important and must be reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lebuhn
- Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Department for Quality Assurance and Analytics, Lange Point 6, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Jaqueline Derenkó
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering Potsdam-Bornim, Department Bioengineering, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Antje Rademacher
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering Potsdam-Bornim, Department Bioengineering, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Susanne Helbig
- Beuth University of Applied Sciences, Department of Life Sciences and Technology, Luxemburger Strasse 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Munk
- Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Department for Quality Assurance and Analytics, Lange Point 6, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Alexander Pechtl
- Department of Microbiology, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Str. 4, D-85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
| | - Yvonne Stolze
- Institute for Genome Research and Systems Biology, CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Steffen Prowe
- Beuth University of Applied Sciences, Department of Life Sciences and Technology, Luxemburger Strasse 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang H Schwarz
- Department of Microbiology, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Str. 4, D-85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
| | - Andreas Schlüter
- Institute for Genome Research and Systems Biology, CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Liebl
- Department of Microbiology, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Str. 4, D-85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
| | - Michael Klocke
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering Potsdam-Bornim, Department Bioengineering, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany.
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16
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Polag D, May T, Müller L, König H, Jacobi F, Laukenmann S, Keppler F. Online monitoring of stable carbon isotopes of methane in anaerobic digestion as a new tool for early warning of process instability. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 197:161-70. [PMID: 26335284 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Effective control of anaerobic digestion in biogas plants requires the monitoring of process sensitive and rapid response parameters in order to ensure efficient biogas production and to prevent potential process failure. In this study, stable carbon isotopes of methane (δ(13)CCH4) produced in a full-scale continuous stirred-tank reactor were investigated as a potential new monitoring tool for this purpose. Over a six-month period with variable organic loading rates, δ(13)CCH4-values were measured online by a portable high-precision laser absorption spectrometer. During a stress period of consecutive high organic loading, δ(13)CCH4-values early indicated process changes in contrast to traditionally monitored parameters where a change was observed some five to ten days later. Comparison of the stable isotope values with data from microbial analyses showed a distinct relationship between the quantity of potentially acetoclastic methanogens and δ(13)CCH4-values. This finding indicates an association between dominant methanogenic pathways and carbon isotope values.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Polag
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Im Neuenheimer Feld 236, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T May
- Institute of Microbiology and Wine Research, Johann-Joachim-Becherweg 15, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - L Müller
- Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum, Torgauer St. 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - H König
- Institute of Microbiology and Wine Research, Johann-Joachim-Becherweg 15, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - F Jacobi
- Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum, Torgauer St. 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - S Laukenmann
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Im Neuenheimer Feld 236, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Keppler
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Im Neuenheimer Feld 236, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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17
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Ali SS, Sun J. Physico-chemical pretreatment and fungal biotreatment for park wastes and cattle dung for biogas production. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:712. [PMID: 26618101 PMCID: PMC4654729 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1466-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
With the rising demand for renewable energy and environmental protection, anaerobic digestion of biogas technology has attracted considerable attention within the scientific community. The effect of physico-chemical pretreatment on cellulose degradation followed by fungal treatment by Aspergillus terreus and Trichoderma viride to treat cellulosic biomass for enhancing its digestibility was investigated. The tested substrate was digested with and without physical, chemical, and biological treatment. Fresh leaves, dry leaves and cattle dung were characterized by a total solids content 35, 84 and 17 %, volatile solids content 81.2, 59.49 and 64.5 % and C/N ratio 31, 45.4 and 13.6, respectively. Biogas total volume was determined using water replacement technique, while methane volume was determined using precipitation of CO2 in 20 % NaOH solution. Pretreatment steps were carried out by using mechanical and chemical pretreatments using 2.5 % NaOH mixed with 2.5 % NH4OH for 15 days, followed by biological treatment of A. terreus and T. viride. The potential of pretreatment of substrate was studied at regular intervals of 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63 and 70 days determining the change in chemical and physical compositions of used substrates. Biogas production was 102.6 and 125.9 L/KgVS from untreated and pretreated substrate, respectively. On the other hand, methane production was 61.4 and 79.8 L/KgVS from untreated and pretreated substrate, respectively. In conclusion, Physical (milling), chemical (NaOH and NH4OH)
pretreatment in addition to fungal (A. terreus and T. viride) treatment for the tested substrate prior to AD was an efficient process for improvement of biogas and methane production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh S Ali
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt ; Biofuels Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
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18
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Heyer R, Kohrs F, Reichl U, Benndorf D. Metaproteomics of complex microbial communities in biogas plants. Microb Biotechnol 2015; 8:749-63. [PMID: 25874383 PMCID: PMC4554464 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Production of biogas from agricultural biomass or organic wastes is an important source of renewable energy. Although thousands of biogas plants (BGPs) are operating in Germany, there is still a significant potential to improve yields, e.g. from fibrous substrates. In addition, process stability should be optimized. Besides evaluating technical measures, improving our understanding of microbial communities involved into the biogas process is considered as key issue to achieve both goals. Microscopic and genetic approaches to analyse community composition provide valuable experimental data, but fail to detect presence of enzymes and overall metabolic activity of microbial communities. Therefore, metaproteomics can significantly contribute to elucidate critical steps in the conversion of biomass to methane as it delivers combined functional and phylogenetic data. Although metaproteomics analyses are challenged by sample impurities, sample complexity and redundant protein identification, and are still limited by the availability of genome sequences, recent studies have shown promising results. In the following, the workflow and potential pitfalls for metaproteomics of samples from full-scale BGP are discussed. In addition, the value of metaproteomics to contribute to the further advancement of microbial ecology is evaluated. Finally, synergistic effects expected when metaproteomics is combined with advanced imaging techniques, metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and metabolomics are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Heyer
- Bioprocess Engineering, Otto von Guericke University MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 2, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical SystemsSandtorstr. 1, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
| | - Fabian Kohrs
- Bioprocess Engineering, Otto von Guericke University MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 2, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical SystemsSandtorstr. 1, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
| | - Udo Reichl
- Bioprocess Engineering, Otto von Guericke University MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 2, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical SystemsSandtorstr. 1, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
| | - Dirk Benndorf
- Bioprocess Engineering, Otto von Guericke University MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 2, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical SystemsSandtorstr. 1, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
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Almansa AR, Rodriguez-Galan M, Borja R, Fermoso FG. Micronutrient dynamics after thermal pretreatment of olive mill solid waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 191:337-341. [PMID: 26004390 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated metal dynamics, and their bioavailability, before and after thermal pretreatment of olive mill solid waste (OMSW), using a sequential metal extraction scheme. The 11.5% increase of cobalt in the most available fraction after the pretreatment coupled to the increase of methane production rate have been a good indicator that the OMSW anaerobic digestion might be metal limited due to the lack of cobalt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Almansa
- Instituto de la Grasa (C.S.I.C.), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46. Ctra. de Utrera km. 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, ETS Ingenieria - University of Seville, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Monica Rodriguez-Galan
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, ETS Ingenieria - University of Seville, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rafael Borja
- Instituto de la Grasa (C.S.I.C.), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46. Ctra. de Utrera km. 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Fernando G Fermoso
- Instituto de la Grasa (C.S.I.C.), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46. Ctra. de Utrera km. 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
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20
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Evranos B, Demirel B. The impact of Ni, Co and Mo supplementation on methane yield from anaerobic mono-digestion of maize silage. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 36:1556-1562. [PMID: 25495753 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2014.997297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this experimental study was to demonstrate the impact of trace metal supplementation, namely nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and molybdenum (Mo), on the methane yields obtained from batch mesophilic anaerobic digestion of maize silage as mono-substrate. The maize silage used in this experimental work initially lacked Ni and Co. Trace metal concentration selected was 0.1 and 0.5 mg/L for Ni and Co, respectively, while it was 0.05 and 0.25 mg/L for Mo. The supplementation by Ni, Co and Mo, individually or in combination at different doses, seemed to improve the methane yields for mono-digestion of maize silage and particularly, the highest methane yield of 0.429 L CH4/g VSadded was obtained, when Ni, Co and Mo were supplemented together at concentrations of 0.5, 0.5 and 0.25 mg/L, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyza Evranos
- a Institute of Environmental Sciences, Bogazici University , Bebek, 34342 Istanbul , Turkey
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21
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Lebuhn M, Weiß S, Munk B, Guebitz GM. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Tools for Biogas Process Analysis, Diagnosis and Control. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 151:1-40. [PMID: 26337842 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-21993-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Many biotechnological processes such as biogas production or defined biotransformations are carried out by microorganisms or tightly cooperating microbial communities. Process breakdown is the maximum credible accident for the operator. Any time savings that can be provided by suitable early-warning systems and allow for specific countermeasures are of great value. Process disturbance, frequently due to nutritional shortcomings, malfunction or operational deficits, is evidenced conventionally by process chemistry parameters. However, knowledge on systems microbiology and its function has essentially increased in the last two decades, and molecular biology tools, most of which are directed against nucleic acids, have been developed to analyze and diagnose the process. Some of these systems have been shown to indicate changes of the process status considerably earlier than the conventionally applied process chemistry parameters. This is reasonable because the triggering catalyst is determined, activity changes of the microbes that perform the reaction. These molecular biology tools have thus the potential to add to and improve the established process diagnosis system. This chapter is dealing with the actual state of the art of biogas process analysis in practice, and introduces molecular biology tools that have been shown to be of particular value in complementing the current systems of process monitoring and diagnosis, with emphasis on nucleic acid targeted molecular biology systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lebuhn
- Department for Quality Assurance and Analytics, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture (LfL), Lange Point 6, 85354, Freising, Germany
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22
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Microbial communities involved in biogas production from wheat straw as the sole substrate within a two-phase solid-state anaerobic digestion. Syst Appl Microbiol 2014; 37:590-600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Kampmann K, Ratering S, Geißler-Plaum R, Schmidt M, Zerr W, Schnell S. Changes of the microbial population structure in an overloaded fed-batch biogas reactor digesting maize silage. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 174:108-117. [PMID: 25463789 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.09.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Two parallel, stable operating biogas reactors were fed with increasing amounts of maize silage to monitor microbial community changes caused by overloading. Changes of microorganisms diversity revealed by SSCP (single strand conformation polymorphism) indicating an acidification before and during the pH-value decrease. The earliest indicator was the appearance of a Methanosarcina thermophila-related species. Diversity of dominant fermenting bacteria within Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and other Bacteria decreased upon overloading. Some species became dominant directly before and during acidification and thus could be suitable as possible indicator organisms for detection of futurity acidification. Those bacteria were related to Prolixibacter bellariivorans and Streptococcus infantarius subsp. infantarius. An early detection of community shifts will allow better feeding management for optimal biogas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Kampmann
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Stefan Ratering
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, Gießen, Germany.
| | - Rita Geißler-Plaum
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Michael Schmidt
- Landesbetrieb Hessisches Landeslabor (LHL), Standort Bad Hersfeld, Bad Hersfeld, Germany
| | - Walter Zerr
- Landesbetrieb Hessisches Landeslabor (LHL), Standort Bad Hersfeld, Bad Hersfeld, Germany
| | - Sylvia Schnell
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, Gießen, Germany
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24
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Thermophilic microbial cellulose decomposition and methanogenesis pathways recharacterized by metatranscriptomic and metagenomic analysis. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6708. [PMID: 25330991 PMCID: PMC4204047 DOI: 10.1038/srep06708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The metatranscriptomic recharacterization in the present study captured microbial enzymes at the unprecedented scale of 40,000 active genes belonged to 2,269 KEGG functions were identified. The novel information obtained herein revealed interesting patterns and provides an initial transcriptional insight into the thermophilic cellulose methanization process. Synergistic beta-sugar consumption by Thermotogales is crucial for cellulose hydrolysis in the thermophilic cellulose-degrading consortium because the primary cellulose degraders Clostridiales showed metabolic incompetence in subsequent beta-sugar pathways. Additionally, comparable transcription of putative Sus-like polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs) was observed in an unclassified order of Bacteroidetes suggesting the importance of PULs mechanism for polysaccharides breakdown in thermophilic systems. Despite the abundance of acetate as a fermentation product, the acetate-utilizing Methanosarcinales were less prevalent by 60% than the hydrogenotrophic Methanobacteriales. Whereas the aceticlastic methanogenesis pathway was markedly more active in terms of transcriptional activities in key genes, indicating that the less dominant Methanosarcinales are more active than their hydrogenotrophic counterparts in methane metabolism. These findings suggest that the minority of aceticlastic methanogens are not necessarily associated with repressed metabolism, in a pattern that was commonly observed in the cellulose-based methanization consortium, and thus challenge the causal likelihood proposed by previous studies.
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25
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Lv Z, Leite A, Harms H, Richnow H, Liebetrau J, Nikolausz M. Influences of the substrate feeding regime on methanogenic activity in biogas reactors approached by molecular and stable isotope methods. Anaerobe 2014; 29:91-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Microbial community composition and dynamics in high-temperature biogas reactors using industrial bioethanol waste as substrate. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:9095-106. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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27
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Lebuhn M, Hanreich A, Klocke M, Schlüter A, Bauer C, Pérez CM. Towards molecular biomarkers for biogas production from lignocellulose-rich substrates. Anaerobe 2014; 29:10-21. [PMID: 24785351 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Biogas production from lignocellulose-rich agricultural residues is gaining increasingly importance in sustainable energy production. Hydrolysis/acidogenesis (H/A) of lignocellulose as the initial rate-limiting step deserves particular optimization. A mixture of straw/hay was methanized applying two-phase digester systems with an initial H/A reactor and a one-stage system at different, meso- and thermophilic temperatures. H/A was intensified with increasing pH values and increasing temperature. H/A fermenters, however, were prone to switch to methanogenic systems at these conditions. Substrate turnover was accelerated in the bi-phasic process but did not reach the methanation efficiency of the single-stage digestion. There was no indication that two different cellulolytic inocula could establish in the given process. Bacterial communities were analyzed applying conventional amplicon clone sequencing targeting the hypervariable 16S rRNA gene region V6-V8 and by metagenome analyses applying direct DNA pyrosequencing without a PCR step. Corresponding results suggested that PCR did not introduce a bias but offered better phylogenetic resolution. Certain Clostridium IV and Prevotella members were most abundant in the H/A system operated at 38 °C, certain Clostridium III and Lachnospiraceae bacteria in the 45 °C, and certain Clostridium IV and Thermohydrogenium/Thermoanaerobacterium members in the 55 °C H/A system. Clostridium III representatives, Lachnospiraceae and Thermotogae dominated in the thermophilic single-stage system, in which also a higher portion of known syntrophic acetate oxidizers was found. Specific (RT-)qPCR systems were designed and applied for the most significant and abundant populations to assess their activity in the different digestion systems. The RT-qPCR results agreed with the DNA based community profiles obtained at the different temperatures. Up to 10(12) 16S rRNA copies mL(-1) were determined in H/A fermenters with prevalence of rRNA of a Ruminococcaceae subgroup. Besides, Thermohydrogenium/Thermoanaerobacterium rRNA prevailed at thermophilic and Prevotellaceae rRNA at mesophilic conditions. The developed (RT)-qPCR systems can be used as biomarkers to optimize biogas production from straw/hay and possibly other lignocellulosic substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lebuhn
- Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Central Department for Quality Assurance and Analytics, Lange Point 6, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Angelika Hanreich
- Leibniz-Institut für Agrartechnik Potsdam-Bornim e.V., Abt. Bioverfahrenstechnik - AG Mikrobielle Systemökologie, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Michael Klocke
- Leibniz-Institut für Agrartechnik Potsdam-Bornim e.V., Abt. Bioverfahrenstechnik - AG Mikrobielle Systemökologie, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Andreas Schlüter
- Institute for Genome Research and Systems Biology, CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christoph Bauer
- Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Central Department for Quality Assurance and Analytics, Lange Point 6, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Carmen Marín Pérez
- Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Animal Husbandry, Vöttinger Str. 36, D-85354 Freising, Germany
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28
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Process diagnosis using methanogenic Archaea in maize-fed, trace element depleted fermenters. Anaerobe 2014; 29:22-8. [PMID: 24747819 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A mesophilic maize-fed pilot-scale fermenter was severely acidified due to trace element (TE) deficiency. Mainly cobalt (0.07 mg * kg(-1) fresh mass (FM)), selenium (0.007 mg * kg(-1) FM) and sodium (13 mg * kg(-1) FM) were depleted. From this inoculum, three lab-scale flow-through fermenters were operated to analyse micronutrient deficiencies and population dynamics in more detail. One fermenter was supplemented with selenium, one with cobalt, and one served as control. After starvation and recovery of the fermenters, the organic loading rate (OLR) was increased. In parallel, the concentration (Real-Time PCR) of methanogens and their population composition (amplicon sequencing) was determined at the DNA and mRNA level. The parameters Metabolic Quotient (MQ) and cDNA/DNA were calculated to assess the activity of the methanogens. The control without TE supplementation acidified first at an OLR of 4.0 kg volatile solids (VS) * m(-3) * d(-1) while the singular addition of selenium and of cobalt positively influenced the fermenter stability up to an OLR of 4.5 or 5.0 kg VS * m(-3) * d(-1), respectively. In the stable process, the methanogenic populations were dominated by probably residual hydrogenotrophic Methanoculleus sp. (DNA-level), but representatives of versatile Methanosarcina sp. were most active (cDNA-level). When the TE supplemented fermenters began to acidify, Methanosarcina spp. were dominant in the whole (DNA-level) and the active (cDNA-level) community. The acidified control fermenter was dominated by Methanobacteriaceae genus IV. Until acidification, the concentration of methanogens increased with higher OLRs. The MQ indicated stress metabolism approximately one month before the TVA/TIC ratio reached a critical level of 0.7, demonstrating its suitability as early warning parameter of process acidification. The development of the cDNA/DNA ratio also reflected the increasing methanogenic activity with higher OLRs. Highest cDNA/DNA values (ca. 2) were obtained at metabolic strain of the methanogens, at the onset of acidification.
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29
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Isolation and differentiation of methanogenic Archaea from mesophilic corn-fed on-farm biogas plants with special emphasis on the genus Methanobacterium. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:5719-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5652-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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30
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Polag D, Krapf LC, Heuwinkel H, Laukenmann S, Lelieveld J, Keppler F. Stable carbon isotopes of methane for real-time process monitoring in anaerobic digesters. Eng Life Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201200201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lutz Christian Krapf
- Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture; Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Animal Husbandry; Freising Germany
| | - Hauke Heuwinkel
- Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture; Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Animal Husbandry; Freising Germany
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Heyer R, Kohrs F, Benndorf D, Rapp E, Kausmann R, Heiermann M, Klocke M, Reichl U. Metaproteome analysis of the microbial communities in agricultural biogas plants. N Biotechnol 2013; 30:614-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Brulé M, Bolduan R, Seidelt S, Schlagermann P, Bott A. Modified batch anaerobic digestion assay for testing efficiencies of trace metal additives to enhance methane production of energy crops. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2013; 34:2047-2058. [PMID: 24350458 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2013.808251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Batch biochemical methane potential (BMP) assays to evaluate the methane yield of biogas substrates such as energy crops are usually carried out with undiluted inoculum. A BMP assay was performed on two energy crops (green cuttings and grass silage). Anaerobic digestion was performed both with and without supplementation of three commercial additives containing trace metals in liquid, solid or adsorbed form (on clay particles). In order to reveal positive effects of trace metal supplementation on the methane yield, besides undiluted inoculum, 3-fold and 10-fold dilutions of the inoculum were applied for substrate digestion. Diluted inoculum variants were supplemented with both mineral nutrients and pH-buffering substances to prevent a collapse of the digestion process. As expected, commercial additives had no effect on the digestion process performed with undiluted inoculum, while significant increases of methane production through trace element supplementation could be observed on the diluted variants. The effect of inoculum dilution may be twofold: (1) decrease in trace metal supplementation from the inoculum and (2) reduction in the initial number of bacterial cells. Bacteria require higher growth rates for substrate degradation and hence have higher trace element consumption. According to common knowledge of the biogas process, periods with volatile fatty acids accumulation and decreased pH may have occurred in the course ofanaerobic digestion. These effects may have led to inhibition, not only ofmethanogenes and acetogenes involved in the final phases of methane production, but also offibre-degrading bacterial strains involved in polymer hydrolysis. Further research is required to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Brulé
- European Institute for Energy Research (EIFER), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Rainer Bolduan
- European Institute for Energy Research (EIFER), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stephan Seidelt
- European Institute for Energy Research (EIFER), Karlsruhe, Germany
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Nikolausz M, Walter RFH, Sträuber H, Liebetrau J, Schmidt T, Kleinsteuber S, Bratfisch F, Günther U, Richnow HH. Evaluation of stable isotope fingerprinting techniques for the assessment of the predominant methanogenic pathways in anaerobic digesters. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:2251-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4657-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hydrogenotrophic methanogens dominate in biogas reactors fed with defined substrates. Syst Appl Microbiol 2012; 35:404-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2012.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 07/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Fliegerová K, Mrázek J, Kajan M, Podmirseg SM, Insam H. The effect of maize silage as co-substrate for swine manure on the bacterial community structure in biogas plants. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2012; 57:281-4. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-012-0125-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Unexpected stability of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes communities in laboratory biogas reactors fed with different defined substrates. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 78:2106-19. [PMID: 22247168 DOI: 10.1128/aem.06394-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, bacterial communities in 200-liter biogas reactors containing liquid manure consecutively fed with casein, starch, and cream were investigated over a period of up to 33 days. A 16S rRNA gene clone library identified Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes as the most abundant bacterial groups in the starting material, at 58.9% and 30.1% of sequences, respectively. The community development of both groups was monitored by real-time PCR and single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. The Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes communities were unexpectedly stable and hardly influenced by batch-feeding events. The continuous feeding of starch led to community shifts that nevertheless contributed to a stable reactor performance. A longer starving period and a change in the pH value resulted in further community shifts within the Bacteroidetes but did not influence the Firmicutes. Predominant DNA bands from SSCP gels were cloned and sequenced. Sequences related to Peptococcaceae, Cytophagales, and Petrimonas sulfuriphila were found in all samples from all experiments. Real-time PCR demonstrated the abundance of members of the phylum Bacteroidetes and also reflected changes in gene copy numbers in conjunction with a changing pH value and acetate accumulation.
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The required characteristics of ensiled crops used as a feedstock for biogas production: a review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.2478/v10146-011-0010-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The required characteristics of ensiled crops used as a feedstock for biogas production: a reviewMaize and grass silages are the main feedstock for anaerobic digestion in agricultural biogas plants. High-quality silage is necessary for high methane yields. Grasses should be cut and ensiled at leafy stages, until full heading, prior to an extensive lignification. Late ripening maize varieties should be harvested towards full ripening due to the increasing starch content in grains, and early to medium ripening varieties at the end of waxy ripeness. The substrate availability for methanogens is improved by fine chopping. Pretreatment processes of a thermal, chemical or biological nature attempting to disrupt lignocellulosic matter are economically demanding, including the application of enzyme hydrolysing structural polysaccharides. Application of lactic acid bacteria inoculants at ensiling seems to have an insignificant effect on methane yields. Some micronutrients necessary for methanogens growth are often deficient in the silages and particularly cobalt, nickel and iron should be supplemented. Maize silage has too low nitrogen content for methanogens growth. The high acidity of silage needs to be partially neutralised prior to anaerobic digestion.
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Gübitz GM, Gronauer A, Oechsner H. Editorial: Biogas science - State of the art and future perspectives. Eng Life Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201090027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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