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Gautam M, Gabrani R. Comparative analysis of α-pinene alone and combined with temozolomide in human glioblastoma cells. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:3657-3662. [PMID: 37665021 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2252152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
α-Pinene (PEN) is a phyto compound present in terpene plants. In traditional medicine, PEN has been used for its anti-inflammatory, pain-relieving, and bronchodilator properties. The effect of PEN in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells has been evaluated. The action of the PEN + TMZ combination on cell migration, soft-agar, and cell death was determined in LN229 and U87MG human glioblastoma cells. In combination, PEN with TMZ showed a synergistic inhibitory effect in the GBM cells. The PEN + TMZ treatment showed a higher fluorescent intensity and reduced the percentage of wound area closure compared to the compound alone. The compounds in combination also resulted in a reduction in single-cell colony formation. To conclude, the study showed that plant-derived PEN enhanced the effectiveness of standard chemotherapeutic, TMZ, in LN229 and U87MG cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Gautam
- Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Reema Gabrani
- Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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2
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Brinza I, Boiangiu RS, Honceriu I, Abd-Alkhalek AM, Eldahshan OA, Dumitru G, Hritcu L, Todirascu-Ciornea E. Investigating the Potential of Essential Oils from Citrus reticulata Leaves in Mitigating Memory Decline and Oxidative Stress in the Scopolamine-Treated Zebrafish Model. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1648. [PMID: 38931080 PMCID: PMC11207389 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Petitgrain essential oil (PGEO) is derived from the water distillation process on mandarin (Citrus reticulata) leaves. The chemical constituents of PGEO were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method which revealed the presence of six compounds (100%). The major peaks were for methyl-N-methyl anthranilate (89.93%) and γ-terpinene (6.25%). Over 19 days, zebrafish (Tubingen strain) received PGEO (25, 150, and 300 μL/L) before induction of cognitive impairment with scopolamine immersion (SCOP, 100 μM). Anxiety-like behavior and memory of the zebrafish were assessed by a novel tank diving test (NTT), Y-maze test, and novel object recognition test (NOR). Additionally, the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the extent of the brain's oxidative stress were explored. In conjunction, in silico forecasts were used to determine the pharmacokinetic properties of the principal compounds discovered in PGEO, employing platforms such as SwissADME, Molininspiration, and pKCSM. The findings provided evidence that PGEO possesses the capability to enhance memory by AChE inhibition, alleviate SCOP-induced anxiety during behavioral tasks, and diminish brain oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ion Brinza
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania; (I.B.); (R.S.B.); (I.H.); (E.T.-C.)
| | - Razvan Stefan Boiangiu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania; (I.B.); (R.S.B.); (I.H.); (E.T.-C.)
| | - Iasmina Honceriu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania; (I.B.); (R.S.B.); (I.H.); (E.T.-C.)
| | | | - Omayma A. Eldahshan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
- Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Gabriela Dumitru
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania; (I.B.); (R.S.B.); (I.H.); (E.T.-C.)
| | - Lucian Hritcu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania; (I.B.); (R.S.B.); (I.H.); (E.T.-C.)
| | - Elena Todirascu-Ciornea
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania; (I.B.); (R.S.B.); (I.H.); (E.T.-C.)
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Dao L, Dong Y, Song L, Sa C. The Fate of 1,8-cineole as a Chemical Penetrant: A Review. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:697-708. [PMID: 37165499 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230509101602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The stratum corneum continues to pose the biggest obstacle to transdermal drug delivery. Chemical penetrant, the first generation of transdermal drug delivery system, offers a lot of potential. In order to fully examine the permeation mechanism of 1,8-cineole, a natural monoterpene, this review summarizes the effects of permeation-enhancing medications on drugs that are lipophilic and hydrophilic as well as the toxicity of this substance on the skin and other tissues. For lower lipophilic drugs, 1,8-cineole appears to have a stronger osmotic-enhancing impact. An efficient and secure tactic would be to combine enhancers and dose forms. 1,8-cineole is anticipated to be further developed in the transdermal drug delivery system and even become a candidate drug for brain transport due to its permeability and low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligema Dao
- School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolian Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yu Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolian Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Lin Song
- School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolian Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Chula Sa
- School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolian Medical University, Hohhot, China
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4
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Laws JS, Smid SD. Characterizing cannabis-prevalent terpenes for neuroprotection reveal a role for α and β-pinenes in mitigating amyloid β-evoked neurotoxicity and aggregation in vitro. Neurotoxicology 2024; 100:16-24. [PMID: 38070653 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cannabis sativa L. (C. sativa) can efficiently synthesize of over 200 terpenes, including monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and triterpenes that may contribute to the known biological activities of phytocannabinoids of relevance for the burgeoning access to medicinal cannabis formulations globally; however, to date have been uncharacterized. We assessed twelve predominant terpenes in C. sativa for neuroprotective and anti-aggregative properties in semi-differentiated PC12 neuronal cell line that is robust and validated as a cell model responsive to amyloid β (Aβ1-42) protein exposure and oxidative stress. METHODS Cell viability was assessed biochemically using the MTT assay in the presence of myrcene, β-caryophyllene, terpinolene, limonene, linalool, humulene, α-pinene, nerolidol, β-pinene, terpineol, citronellol and friedelin (1-200 μM) for 24 hr. Sub-toxic threshold test concentrations of each terpene were then applied to cells, alone or with concomitant incubation with the lipid peroxidant tert-butyl hyrdroperoxide (t-BHP; 0-250 μM) or amyloid β (Aβ1-42; 0-1 μM) to assess neuroprotective effects. Direct effects of each terpene on Aβ fibril formation and aggregation were also evaluated using the Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorometric kinetic assay and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to visualize fibril and aggregate morphology. RESULTS Terpenes were intrinsically benign to PC12 cells up to 50 μM, with higher concentrations of β-caryophyllene, humulene and nerolidol inducing some loss of PC12 cell viability. No significant protective effects of terpenes were observed following t-BHP (0-200 µM) administration, with some enhanced toxicity instead demonstrated from both β-caryophyllene and humulene treatment (each at 50 µM). α-pinene and β-pinene demonstrated a significant neuroprotective effect against amyloid β exposure. α-pinene, β-pinene, terpineol, terpinolene and friedelin were associated with a variable inhibition of Aβ1-42 fibril and aggregate density. CONCLUSIONS The outcomes of this study underline a neuroprotective role of α-pinene and β-pinene against Aβ-mediated neurotoxicity associated with an inhibition of Aβ1-42 fibrilization and density. This demonstrates the bioactive potential of selected terpenes for consideration in the development of medicinal cannabis formulations targeting neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Staton Laws
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Scott D Smid
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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Hashemi P, Ahmadi S. Alpha-pinene moderates memory impairment induced by kainic acid via improving the BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway in rat hippocampus. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1202232. [PMID: 37456525 PMCID: PMC10347414 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1202232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The potential benefits of natural ingredients in the alleviation of neurodegenerative disorders are of great interest. Alpha-pinene (APN) is an essential oil belonging to monoterpenes with multiple beneficial effects. In this study, the possible improving effects of alpha-pinene on memory impairment induced by kainic acid and the underlying molecular mechanisms were examined. Methods Memory impairment was induced by i.c.v. injection of kainic acid (KA) in male Wistar rats. Alpha-pinene (50 mg/kg/day, i.p.) was injected for 21 days, including 14 days before the KA injection and seven days afterward. Spatial working memory and inhibitory avoidance (IA) memory performance were assessed five and even days following KA injection, respectively. The hippocampal protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tropomyosin-like receptor kinase B (TrkB), cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), and neuronal loss in the CA1 region were also examined. Results Results revealed that the i.c.v. injection of KA triggered memory impairment, which was notably diminished by alpha-pinene pre-and post-treatment. Histopathological evaluation revealed that alpha-pinene significantly moderated the attenuation in CA1 alive neurons induced by KA injection. Western blotting analysis confirmed that alpha-pinene pre-and post-treatment significantly reversed the KA-induced decreases in the hippocampal levels of BDNF, TrkB, phosphorylated TrkB, CREB, and phosphorylated CREB. Discussion These findings suggest that alpha-pinene pre-and post-treatment moderate memory impairment induced by KA by restoring the BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway in the rat hippocampus.
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Satou T, Kawata A, Hasegawa A, Matsushita N, Inoue T. Effects of Inhalation of Essential Oil From Pelargonium graveolens on the Autonomic Nervous System of Awake Mice. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221109419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autonomic nervous system disorders have many causes, and thus, no effective remedy for these disorders has been established. In this study, we conducted animal experiments with essential oil from Pelargonium graveolens (EOPG, geranium essential oil), which may regulate the autonomic nervous system. EOPG was administered to awake mice by inhalation. Heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed from the pulse wave of the mice on an elevated platform, and the ratio of sympathetic to parasympathetic nerve activity was determined. The results showed that inhalation of EOPG did not affect the heart rate but made activity of the parasympathetic nervous system dominant. This effect was thought to be due to linalool, a component of EOPG that was transferred into the brain and body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadaaki Satou
- International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara City, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Asuka Kawata
- International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara City, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ayano Hasegawa
- International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara City, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Nanako Matsushita
- International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara City, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tsukushi Inoue
- International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara City, Tochigi, Japan
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Weston-Green K, Clunas H, Jimenez Naranjo C. A Review of the Potential Use of Pinene and Linalool as Terpene-Based Medicines for Brain Health: Discovering Novel Therapeutics in the Flavours and Fragrances of Cannabis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:583211. [PMID: 34512404 PMCID: PMC8426550 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.583211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
"Medicinal cannabis" is defined as the use of cannabis-based products for the treatment of an illness. Investigations of cannabis compounds in psychiatric and neurological illnesses primarily focus on the major cannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), which are hypothesised to benefit multiple illnesses manifesting cognitive impairment, neurodegeneration and neuro-inflammation, as well as chronic pain, epilepsy and post-traumatic stress disorder, respectively. The cannabis plant contains >500 compounds, including terpenes responsible for the flavour and fragrance profiles of plants. Recently, research has begun providing evidence on the potential use of certain plant-derived terpenes in modern medicine, demonstrating anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects of these compounds. This review examined the effects of two key terpenes, pinene and linalool, on parameters relevant to neurological and psychiatric disorders, highlighting gaps in the literature and recommendations for future research into terpene therapeutics. Overall, evidence is mostly limited to preclinical studies and well-designed clinical trials are lacking. Nevertheless, existing data suggests that pinene and linalool are relevant candidates for further investigation as novel medicines for illnesses, including stroke, ischemia, inflammatory and neuropathic pain (including migraine), cognitive impairment (relevant to Alzheimer's disease and ageing), insomnia, anxiety, and depression. Linalool and pinene influence multiple neurotransmitter, inflammatory and neurotrophic signals as well as behaviour, demonstrating psycho-activity (albeit non-intoxicating). Optimising the phytochemical profile of cannabis chemovars to yield therapeutic levels of beneficial terpenes and cannabinoids, such as linalool, pinene and CBD, could present a unique opportunity to discover novel medicines to treat psychiatric and neurological illnesses; however, further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Weston-Green
- Neurohorizons Laboratory, Molecular Horizons and School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence (ACRE), New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen Clunas
- Neurohorizons Laboratory, Molecular Horizons and School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence (ACRE), New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Carlos Jimenez Naranjo
- Neurohorizons Laboratory, Molecular Horizons and School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence (ACRE), New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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Eddin LB, Jha NK, Meeran MFN, Kesari KK, Beiram R, Ojha S. Neuroprotective Potential of Limonene and Limonene Containing Natural Products. Molecules 2021; 26:4535. [PMID: 34361686 PMCID: PMC8348102 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Limonene is a monoterpene confined to the family of Rutaceae, showing several biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antinociceptive and gastroprotective characteristics. Recently, there is notable interest in investigating the pharmacological effects of limonene in various chronic diseases due to its mitigating effect on oxidative stress and inflammation and regulating apoptotic cell death. There are several available studies demonstrating the neuroprotective role of limonene in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, anxiety, and stroke. The high abundance of limonene in nature, its safety profile, and various mechanisms of action make this monoterpene a favorable molecule to be developed as a nutraceutical for preventive purposes and as an alternative agent or adjuvant to modern therapeutic drugs in curbing the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. This manuscript presents a comprehensive review of the available scientific literature discussing the pharmacological activities of limonene or plant products containing limonene which attribute to the protective and therapeutic ability in neurodegenerative disorders. This review has been compiled based on the existing published articles confined to limonene or limonene-containing natural products investigated for their neurotherapeutic or neuroprotective potential. All the articles available in English or the abstract in English were extracted from different databases that offer an access to diverse journals. These databases are PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. Collectively, this review emphasizes the neuroprotective potential of limonene against neurodegenerative and other neuroinflammatory diseases. The available data are indicative of the nutritional use of products containing limonene and the pharmacological actions and mechanisms of limonene and may direct future preclinical and clinical studies for the development of limonene as an alternative or complementary phytomedicine. The pharmacophore can also provide a blueprint for further drug discovery using numerous drug discovery tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujain Bader Eddin
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates; (L.B.E.); (M.F.N.M.); (R.B.)
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India;
| | - M. F. Nagoor Meeran
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates; (L.B.E.); (M.F.N.M.); (R.B.)
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, 00076 Espoo, Finland;
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Rami Beiram
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates; (L.B.E.); (M.F.N.M.); (R.B.)
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates; (L.B.E.); (M.F.N.M.); (R.B.)
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Masuo Y, Satou T, Takemoto H, Koike K. Smell and Stress Response in the Brain: Review of the Connection between Chemistry and Neuropharmacology. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092571. [PMID: 33924992 PMCID: PMC8124235 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The stress response in the brain is not fully understood, although stress is one of the risk factors for developing mental disorders. On the other hand, the stimulation of the olfactory system can influence stress levels, and a certain smell has been empirically known to have a stress-suppressing effect, indeed. In this review, we first outline what stress is and previous studies on stress-responsive biomarkers (stress markers) in the brain. Subsequently, we confirm the olfactory system and review previous studies on the relationship between smell and stress response by species, such as humans, rats, and mice. Numerous studies demonstrated the stress-suppressing effects of aroma. There are also investigations showing the effects of odor that induce stress in experimental animals. In addition, we introduce recent studies on the effects of aroma of coffee beans and essential oils, such as lavender, cypress, α-pinene, and thyme linalool on the behavior and the expression of stress marker candidates in the brain. The transfer of volatile components into the brain is also discussed while using the results of thyme linalool as an example. These studies may provide a good opportunity to connect chemical research at the molecular level with neuropharmacological approaches in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Masuo
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-47-472-5257
| | - Tadaaki Satou
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan;
| | - Hiroaki Takemoto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan; (H.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Kazuo Koike
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan; (H.T.); (K.K.)
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10
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Kawai E, Takeda R, Ota A, Morita E, Imai D, Suzuki Y, Yokoyama H, Ueda SY, Nakahara H, Miyamoto T, Okazaki K. Increase in diastolic blood pressure induced by fragrance inhalation of grapefruit essential oil is positively correlated with muscle sympathetic nerve activity. J Physiol Sci 2020; 70:2. [PMID: 32039689 PMCID: PMC6992548 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-020-00733-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Fragrance inhalation of essential oils is widely used in aromatherapy, and it is known to affect blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) via autonomic control of circulation. In this study, we aimed to test the hypothesis that the changes in hemodynamics with fragrance inhalation were observed along with changes in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). In study 1, thirteen healthy men were exposed to fragrance stimulation of grapefruit essential oil for 10 min, and BP, HR, and MSNA were continuously measured. In study 2, another nine healthy men were exposed to the same fragrance stimulation; responses in BP and HR were continuously measured, and plasma noradrenaline and cortisol concentrations were determined. We found that diastolic BP increased significantly during fragrance inhalation, while the other variables remained unchanged in both studies. Although MSNA burst frequency, burst incidence, and total activity remained unchanged during fragrance inhalation, we found a significant linear correlation between changes in diastolic BP in the last 5 min of fragrance inhalation and changes in MSNA burst frequency. The plasma cortisol concentration decreased significantly at 10 min of fragrance inhalation, though the noradrenaline concentration remained unchanged. These results suggest, for the first time, that changes in BP with fragrance inhalation of essential oil are associated with changes in MSNA even with decreased stress hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Kawai
- Department of Environmental Physiology for Exercise, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takeda
- Research Center for Urban Health and Sports, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akemi Ota
- Department of Environmental Physiology for Exercise, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Emiko Morita
- Department of Environmental Physiology for Exercise, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Daiki Imai
- Department of Environmental Physiology for Exercise, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.,Research Center for Urban Health and Sports, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuta Suzuki
- Department of Environmental Physiology for Exercise, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.,Research Center for Urban Health and Sports, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisayo Yokoyama
- Department of Environmental Physiology for Exercise, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.,Research Center for Urban Health and Sports, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Ueda
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Nakahara
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Miyamoto
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Osaka Sangyo University, Daito, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Okazaki
- Department of Environmental Physiology for Exercise, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan. .,Research Center for Urban Health and Sports, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
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Zhang LL, Yang ZY, Fan G, Ren JN, Yin KJ, Pan SY. Antidepressant-like Effect of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck Essential Oil and Its Main Component Limonene on Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:13817-13828. [PMID: 30905156 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the antidepressant-like effects of navel orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] essential oil (OEO) and its main components using the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model mice and explored its possible mechanisms. The results indicated that OEO inhalation significantly ameliorated the depression-like behaviors of CUMS mice with decreased body weight, sucrose preference, curiosity, and mobility as well as shortened immobile time and attenuated dyslipidemia. Limonene was the most abundant compound in the sniffing OEO environment and mice brain after sniffing, and it was not metabolized immediately in the brain. In addition, limonene inhalation significantly restored CUMS-induced depressive behavior, hyperactivity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and the decrease of monoamine neurotransmitter levels, with downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor expression in the hippocampus. Thus, the study indicates that the improvements in neuroendocrine, neurotrophic, and monoaminergic systems are related to the antidepressant effects of limonene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , 1 Shizishan Street , Hongshan District, Wuhan , Hubei 430070 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Yu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , 1 Shizishan Street , Hongshan District, Wuhan , Hubei 430070 , People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , 1 Shizishan Street , Hongshan District, Wuhan , Hubei 430070 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Nan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , 1 Shizishan Street , Hongshan District, Wuhan , Hubei 430070 , People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Jing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , 1 Shizishan Street , Hongshan District, Wuhan , Hubei 430070 , People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yi Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , 1 Shizishan Street , Hongshan District, Wuhan , Hubei 430070 , People's Republic of China
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Satou T, Hayakawa M, Goto Y, Masuo Y, Koike K. Anxiolytic-like effects of essential oil from Thymus vulgaris
was increased during stress. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tadaaki Satou
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Toho University; 2-2-1 Miyama Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510 Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; International University of Health and Welfare; 2600-1 Kitakanamaru Ohtawara, Tochigi 324-8501 Japan
| | - Mako Hayakawa
- Faculty of Science; Toho University; 2-2-1 Miyama Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510 Japan
| | - Yumi Goto
- Faculty of Science; Toho University; 2-2-1 Miyama Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510 Japan
| | - Yoshinori Masuo
- Faculty of Science; Toho University; 2-2-1 Miyama Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510 Japan
| | - Kazuo Koike
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Toho University; 2-2-1 Miyama Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510 Japan
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Rakotosaona R, Randrianarivo E, Rasoanaivo P, Nicoletti M, Benelli G, Maggi F. Effect of the Leaf Essential Oil from Cinnamosma madagascariensis Danguy on Pentylenetetrazol-induced Seizure in Rats. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [PMID: 28657174 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In the Malagasy traditional practices, the smoke from burning leaves of Cinnamosma madagascariensis Danguy is inhaled to treat brain disorders such as dementia, epilepsy, and headache. In the present work, we have evaluated the in vivo anticonvulsant effects of the essential oil from leaves of C. madagascariensis (CMEO). CMEO was isolated by steam distillation. The anticonvulsant activity of CMEO (0.4 and 0.8 ml/kg bw) administered subcutaneously was evaluated on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures in Wistar rats; diazepam was used as positive control. Linalool, limonene, and myrcene were the major CMEO constituents. At the dose of 0.8 ml/kg, CMEO completely arrested the PTZ-induced convulsions with moderate sedative effects. The traditional anticonvulsant use of C. madagascariensis was confirmed allowing us to candidate molecules from CMEO as potential drugs to treat convulsions associated with strong agitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rianasoambolanoro Rakotosaona
- Malagasy Institute of Applied Research, Rakoto Ratsimamanga Foundation, Avarabohitra Itaosy, Lot AVB 77, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Emmanuel Randrianarivo
- Malagasy Institute of Applied Research, Rakoto Ratsimamanga Foundation, Avarabohitra Itaosy, Lot AVB 77, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Philippe Rasoanaivo
- Malagasy Institute of Applied Research, Rakoto Ratsimamanga Foundation, Avarabohitra Itaosy, Lot AVB 77, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Marcello Nicoletti
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant'Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
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