1
|
Taylor CS, Barnes J, Prasad Koduri M, Haq S, Gregory DA, Roy I, D'Sa RA, Curran J, Haycock JW. Aminosilane Functionalized Aligned Fiber PCL Scaffolds for Peripheral Nerve Repair. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300226. [PMID: 37364159 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Silane modification is a simple and cost-effective tool to modify existing biomaterials for tissue engineering applications. Aminosilane layer deposition has previously been shown to control NG108-15 neuronal cell and primary Schwann cell adhesion and differentiation by controlling deposition of ─NH2 groups at the submicron scale across the entirety of a surface by varying silane chain length. This is the first study toreport depositing 11-aminoundecyltriethoxysilane (CL11) onto aligned Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds for peripheral nerve regeneration. Fibers are manufactured via electrospinning and characterized using water contact angle measurements, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Confirmed modified fibers are investigated using in vitro cell culture of NG108-15 neuronal cells and primary Schwann cells to determine cell viability, cell differentiation, and phenotype. CL11-modified fibers significantly support NG108-15 neuronal cell and Schwann cell viability. NG108-15 neuronal cell differentiation maintains Schwann cell phenotype compared to unmodified PCL fiber scaffolds. 3D ex vivo culture of Dorsal root ganglion explants (DRGs) confirms further Schwann cell migration and longer neurite outgrowth from DRG explants cultured on CL11 fiber scaffolds compared to unmodified scaffolds. Thus, a reproducible and cost-effective tool is reported to modify biomaterials with functional amine groups that can significantly improve nerve guidance devices and enhance nerve regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline S Taylor
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, Broad Lane, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK
| | - Joseph Barnes
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Harrison Hughes Building, Liverpool, L69 3GH, UK
| | - Manohar Prasad Koduri
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Harrison Hughes Building, Liverpool, L69 3GH, UK
| | - Shamsal Haq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - David A Gregory
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, Broad Lane, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, Broad Lane, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK
| | - Raechelle A D'Sa
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Harrison Hughes Building, Liverpool, L69 3GH, UK
| | - Judith Curran
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Harrison Hughes Building, Liverpool, L69 3GH, UK
| | - John W Haycock
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, Broad Lane, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nigmatullin R, Taylor CS, Basnett P, Lukasiewicz B, Paxinou A, Lizarraga-Valderrama LR, Haycock JW, Roy I. Medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates as potential matrix materials for peripheral nerve regeneration. Regen Biomater 2023; 10:rbad063. [PMID: 37501678 PMCID: PMC10369215 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbad063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates are natural, biodegradable, thermoplastic and sustainable polymers with a huge potential in fabrication of bioresorbable implantable devices for tissue engineering. We describe a comparative evaluation of three medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHAs), namely poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate), poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate-co-3-hydoxydecanoate) and poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate-co-3-hydroxydecanoate-co-3-hydroxydodecanoate), one short chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), P(3HB) and synthetic aliphatic polyesters (polycaprolactone and polylactide) with a specific focus on nerve regeneration, due to mechanical properties of mcl-PHAs closely matching nerve tissues. In vitro biological studies with NG108-15 neuronal cell and primary Schwann cells did not show a cytotoxic effect of the materials on both cell types. All mcl-PHAs supported cell adhesion and viability. Among the three mcl-PHAs, P(3HO-co-3HD) exhibited superior properties with regards to numbers of cells adhered and viable cells for both cell types, number of neurite extensions from NG108-15 cells, average length of neurite extensions and Schwann cells. Although, similar characteristics were observed for flat P(3HB) surfaces, high rigidity of this biomaterial, and FDA-approved polymers such as PLLA, limits their applications in peripheral nerve regeneration. Therefore, we have designed, synthesized and evaluated these materials for nerve tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, the interaction of mcl-PHAs with neuronal and Schwann cells, identifying mcl-PHAs as excellent materials to enhance nerve regeneration and potentially their clinical application in peripheral nerve repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rinat Nigmatullin
- Higher Steaks Ltd., 25 Cambridge Science Park Rd, Milton, Cambridge CB4 0FW, UK
- School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1B 2HW, UK
| | - Caroline S Taylor
- Department of Materials Science & and Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK
| | - Pooja Basnett
- School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1B 2HW, UK
| | - Barbara Lukasiewicz
- School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1B 2HW, UK
| | - Alexandra Paxinou
- School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1B 2HW, UK
- Foundation of Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes (FORTH/ICE-HT), P.O. Box 1414, GR 26504, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | | | - John W Haycock
- Department of Materials Science & and Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Correspondence address. Tel: +44-114-222-5962, E-mail: (I.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
da Rocha LBN, Sousa RB, Dos Santos MVB, Neto NMA, da Silva Soares LL, Alves FLC, de Carvalho MAM, Osajima JA, Silva-Filho EC. Development of a new biomaterial based on cashew tree gum (Anarcadium occidentale L.) enriched with hydroxyapatite and evaluation of cytotoxicity in adipose-derived stem cell cultures. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124864. [PMID: 37192713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cashew tree gum is a polysaccharide material highly available in the Northeast region of Brazil. It has been explored for biocompatibility with human tissues. This research aimed to describe the synthesis and characterization of cashew gum/hydroxyapatite scaffold and evaluate the possible cytotoxicity in murine adipo-derived stem cells (ADSCs) cultures. ADSCs of the subcutaneous fat tissue of Wistar rats were collected, isolated, expanded, differentiated into three strains, and characterized immunophenotypically. The scaffolds were synthesized through chemical precipitation, lyophilized and characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis (TG and DTG), and mechanical testing. The scaffold presented a crystalline structure and pores with an average diameter of 94.45 ± 50.57 μm. By mechanical tests, the compressive force and modulus of elasticity were like the cancellous bone. The isolated adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) presented fibroblast morphology, adhesion capacity to plastic, differentiation in osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic lineages, positive expression for the CD105 and CD90 markers and negative expression for the CD45 and CD14 markers. The MTT test showed increased cell viability, and the biomaterial showed a high level of hemocompatibility (<5 %). This study allowed the development of a new scaffold for future surgical applicability in tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo Barbosa Sousa
- Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Tocantins, Campus Araguaina, 56, Amazonas Avenue, 77826-170 Araguaina, TO, Brazil; Interdisciplinar Laboratory of Advanced Materials, LIMAV, UFPI, Teresina, PI, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Josy Anteveli Osajima
- Interdisciplinar Laboratory of Advanced Materials, LIMAV, UFPI, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Edson C Silva-Filho
- Interdisciplinar Laboratory of Advanced Materials, LIMAV, UFPI, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Taylor CS, Behbehani M, Glen A, Basnett P, Gregory DA, Lukasiewicz BB, Nigmatullin R, Claeyssens F, Roy I, Haycock JW. Aligned Polyhydroxyalkanoate Blend Electrospun Fibers as Intraluminal Guidance Scaffolds for Peripheral Nerve Repair. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1472-1485. [PMID: 36848250 PMCID: PMC10015431 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The use of nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) to treat peripheral nerve injuries is a favorable approach to the current "gold standard" of autografting. However, as simple hollow tubes, they lack specific topographical and mechanical guidance cues present in nerve grafts and therefore are not suitable for treating large gap injuries (30-50 mm). The incorporation of intraluminal guidance scaffolds, such as aligned fibers, has been shown to increase neuronal cell neurite outgrowth and Schwann cell migration distances. A novel blend of PHAs, P(3HO)/P(3HB) (50:50), was investigated for its potential as an intraluminal aligned fiber guidance scaffold. Aligned fibers of 5 and 8 μm diameter were manufactured by electrospinning and characterized using SEM. Fibers were investigated for their effect on neuronal cell differentiation, Schwann cell phenotype, and cell viability in vitro. Overall, P(3HO)/P(3HB) (50:50) fibers supported higher neuronal and Schwann cell adhesion compared to PCL fibers. The 5 μm PHA blend fibers also supported significantly higher DRG neurite outgrowth and Schwann cell migration distance using a 3D ex vivo nerve injury model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline S. Taylor
- Department
of Materials Science & and Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, United Kingdom
| | - Mehri Behbehani
- The
Electrospinning Company, Unit 5, Zephyr Building, Eighth St., Harwell Campus,
Harwell, Didcot OX11 0RL, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Glen
- Department
of Materials Science & and Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, United Kingdom
| | - Pooja Basnett
- School
of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1B 2HW, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Gregory
- Department
of Materials Science & and Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara B. Lukasiewicz
- School
of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1B 2HW, United Kingdom
| | - Rinat Nigmatullin
- School
of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1B 2HW, United Kingdom
| | - Frederik Claeyssens
- Department
of Materials Science & and Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, United Kingdom
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department
of Materials Science & and Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, United Kingdom
| | - John W. Haycock
- Department
of Materials Science & and Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Koplay TG, Yildiran G, Dursunoglu D, Aktan M, Duman S, Akdag O, Karamese M, Tosun Z. The Effects of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Originating Exosomes on Nerve Allograft Regeneration: An Experimental Study in Rats. Ann Plast Surg 2023; 90:261-266. [PMID: 36796049 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nerve regeneration has been the subject of many studies because of its complex mechanism and functional outcome. Mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes are promising factors in regeneration in many areas. Reconstruction of nerve defects is a controversial issue, and nerve allografts are promising alternatives with many advantages. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the nerve regeneration in cellularized and decellularized nerve allografts and whether it is possible to accelerate this process with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ad MSC) or ad MSC-originating exosomes. METHOD This study was performed with 36 Lewis and 18 Brown Norway isogenic male rats aged 10 to 12 weeks and weighing 300 to 350 g. The Lewis rats were divided into 6 groups. Nerve allografts at a length of 12 mm that were obtained from the Brown Norway rats' proximal portion of both sciatic nerve branching points were coapted as cellularized in group A and decellularized in group B to the sciatic nerve defects of the Lewis rats. Group A received oral tacrolimus (0.2 mg/kg) for 30 days. Perineural saline (A1-B1), ad MSC (A2-B2), or ad MSC-originating exosomes (A3-B3) were applied to these groups. Walking track analysis, pinch-prick test and electromyelography were applied at the 8th and 16th weeks following surgery. Nerves were examined histopathologically at the 16th week. RESULTS Between cellularized groups, better results were shown in A3 about axon-myelin regeneration/organization (P = 0.001), endoneural connective tissue (P = 0.005), and inflammation (P = 0.004). Better results were shown in the B2 and B3 groups electromyelographicaly about latency period (P = 0.033) and action potential (P = 0.008) at late period, and histomorphologicaly at vascularization (P = 0.012). DISCUSSION It is argued that regeneration is accelerated with decellularization of nerve allografts by removing the chondroidin sulfate proteoglycans. The positive effects of stem cells are derived by exosomes without the cell-related disadvantages. In this study, better results were obtained by decellularization and perineural application of ad MSC and/or ad MSC exosome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Gun Koplay
- From the Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Konya City Hospital
| | | | - Duygu Dursunoglu
- Department of Histology and Embriology, Selcuk University Medical Faculty
| | - Murad Aktan
- Department of Histology and Embriology, Necmettin Erbakan University Medical Faculty
| | - Selcuk Duman
- Department of Histology and Embriology, Necmettin Erbakan University Medical Faculty
| | - Osman Akdag
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Selcuk University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Karamese
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Selcuk University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Zekeriya Tosun
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Selcuk University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Development and In Vitro Differentiation of Schwann Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233753. [PMID: 36497014 PMCID: PMC9739763 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells are glial cells of the peripheral nervous system. They exist in several subtypes and perform a variety of functions in nerves. Their derivation and culture in vitro are interesting for applications ranging from disease modeling to tissue engineering. Since primary human Schwann cells are challenging to obtain in large quantities, in vitro differentiation from other cell types presents an alternative. Here, we first review the current knowledge on the developmental signaling mechanisms that determine neural crest and Schwann cell differentiation in vivo. Next, an overview of studies on the in vitro differentiation of Schwann cells from multipotent stem cell sources is provided. The molecules frequently used in those protocols and their involvement in the relevant signaling pathways are put into context and discussed. Focusing on hiPSC- and hESC-based studies, different protocols are described and compared, regarding cell sources, differentiation methods, characterization of cells, and protocol efficiency. A brief insight into developments regarding the culture and differentiation of Schwann cells in 3D is given. In summary, this contribution provides an overview of the current resources and methods for the differentiation of Schwann cells, it supports the comparison and refinement of protocols and aids the choice of suitable methods for specific applications.
Collapse
|
7
|
Mu R, Campos de Souza S, Liao Z, Dong L, Wang C. Reprograming the immune niche for skin tissue regeneration - From cellular mechanisms to biomaterials applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 185:114298. [PMID: 35439569 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the rapid development of therapeutic approaches for skin repair, chronic wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers remain an unaddressed problem that affects millions of people worldwide. Increasing evidence has revealed the crucial and diverse roles of the immune cells in the development and repair of the skin tissue, prompting new research to focus on further understanding and modulating the local immune niche for comprehensive, 'perfect' regeneration. In this review, we first introduce how different immunocytes and certain stromal cells involved in innate and adaptive immunity coordinate to maintain the immune niche and tissue homeostasis, with emphasis on their specific roles in normal and pathological wound healing. We then discuss novel engineering approaches - particularly biomaterials systems and cellular therapies - to target different players of the immune niche, with three major aims to i) overcome 'under-healing', ii) avoid 'over-healing', and iii) promote functional restoration, including appendage development. Finally, we highlight how these strategies strive to manage chronic wounds and achieve full structural and functional skin recovery by creating desirable 'soil' through modulating the immune microenvironment.
Collapse
|
8
|
Solis-Castro OO, Rivolta MN, Boissonade FM. Neural Crest-Derived Stem Cells (NCSCs) Obtained from Dental-Related Stem Cells (DRSCs): A Literature Review on Current Knowledge and Directions toward Translational Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052714. [PMID: 35269856 PMCID: PMC8911272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence from dental-related stem cells (DRSCs) suggests an enhanced potential for ectodermal lineage differentiation due to their neural crest origin. Growing evidence that DRSC cultures can produce cells with a neural crest-derived stem cell (NCSC)-like phenotype supports their potential for future therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative diseases and nerve injuries. However, most of the evidence is limited to the characterization of DRSCs as NCSCs by detecting the expression of neural crest markers. Only a few studies have provided proof of concept of an improved neuro-glial differentiation or direct applicability in relevant models. In addition, a current problem is that several of the existing protocols do not meet manufacturing standards for transferability to a clinical scenario. This review describes the current protocols to obtain NCSCs from DRSCs and their characterization. Also, it provides important considerations from previous work where DRSCs were established and characterized as mesenchymal stromal cells but studied for their neuro-glial differentiation potential. The therapeutic advancement of DRSCs would depend on establishing protocols that can yield a neural crest-like phenotype efficiently, using appropriate manufacturing standards and testing them in relevant models of disease or injury. Achieving these conditions could then facilitate and validate the therapeutic potential of DRSC-NCSCs in regenerative therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar O. Solis-Castro
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK;
- The Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;
| | - Marcelo N. Rivolta
- The Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;
- Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Fiona M. Boissonade
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK;
- The Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Augmenting Peripheral Nerve Regeneration with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:544-558. [PMID: 34417730 PMCID: PMC8858329 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10236-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) are common and debilitating, cause significant health care costs for society, and rely predominately on autografts, which necessitate grafting a nerve section non-locally to repair the nerve injury. One possible approach to improving treatment is bolstering endogenous regenerative mechanisms or bioengineering new nervous tissue in the peripheral nervous system. In this review, we discuss critical-sized nerve gaps and nerve regeneration in rats, and summarize the roles of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in the treatment of PNIs. Several regenerative treatment modalities for PNI are described: ADSCs differentiating into Schwann cells (SCs), ADSCs secreting growth factors to promote peripheral nerve growth, ADSCs promoting myelination growth, and ADSCs treatments with scaffolds. ADSCs' roles in regenerative treatment and features are compared to mesenchymal stem cells, and the administration routes, cell dosages, and cell fates are discussed. ADSCs secrete neurotrophic factors and exosomes and can differentiate into Schwann cell-like cells (SCLCs) that share features with naturally occurring SCs, including the ability to promote nerve regeneration in the PNS. Future clinical applications are also discussed.
Collapse
|
10
|
Verre AF, Faroni A, Iliut M, Silva CHB, Muryn C, Reid AJ, Vijayaraghavan A. Biochemical functionalization of graphene oxide for directing stem cell differentiation. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
11
|
Li Y, Ma Z, Ren Y, Lu D, Li T, Li W, Wang J, Ma H, Zhao J. Tissue Engineering Strategies for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Front Neurol 2021; 12:768267. [PMID: 34867754 PMCID: PMC8635143 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.768267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A peripheral nerve injury (PNI) has severe and profound effects on the life of a patient. The therapeutic approach remains one of the most challenging clinical problems. In recent years, many constructive nerve regeneration schemes are proposed at home and abroad. Nerve tissue engineering plays an important role. It develops an ideal nerve substitute called artificial nerve. Given the complexity of nerve regeneration, this review summarizes the pathophysiology and tissue-engineered repairing strategies of the PNI. Moreover, we discussed the scaffolds and seed cells for neural tissue engineering. Furthermore, we have emphasized the role of 3D printing in tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenjiang Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Ren
- Southwest JiaoTong University College of Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dezhi Lu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wentao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinwu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
A Comparative Study of the Effect of Anatomical Site on Multiple Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Rats. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092469. [PMID: 34572123 PMCID: PMC8465004 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adipose tissue are evolved into various cell-based regenerative approaches. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) isolated from rats are commonly used in tissue engineering studies. Still, there is a gap in knowledge about how the harvest locations influence and guide cell differentiation. This study aims to investigate how the harvesting site affects stem-cell-specific surface markers expression, pluripotency, and differentiation potential of ASCs in female Sprague Dawley rats. ASCs were extracted from the adipose tissue of the peri-ovarian, peri-renal, and mesenteric depots and were compared in terms of cell morphology. MSCs phenotype was validated by cell surfaces markers using flow cytometry. Moreover, pluripotent gene expression of Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, Rex-1, and Tert was evaluated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). ASCs multipotency was evaluated by specific histological stains, and the results were confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) expression analysis of specific genes. There was a non-significant difference detected in the cell morphology and immunophenotype between different harvesting sites. ASCs from multiple locations were significantly varied in their capacity to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblastic cells, and chondrocytes. To conclude, depot selection is a critical element that should be considered when using ASCs in tissue-specific cell-based regenerative therapies research.
Collapse
|
13
|
Gui C, Parson J, Meyer GA. Harnessing adipose stem cell diversity in regenerative medicine. APL Bioeng 2021; 5:021501. [PMID: 33834153 PMCID: PMC8018797 DOI: 10.1063/5.0038101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the first isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from lipoaspirate in the early 2000s, adipose tissue has been a darling of regenerative medicine. It is abundant, easy to access, and contains high concentrations of stem cells (ADSCs) exhibiting multipotency, proregenerative paracrine signaling, and immunomodulation-a winning combination for stem cell-based therapeutics. While basic science, preclinical and clinical findings back up the translational potential of ADSCs, the vast majority of these used cells from a single location-subcutaneous abdominal fat. New data highlight incredible diversity in the adipose morphology and function in different anatomical locations or depots. Even in isolation, ADSCs retain a memory of this diversity, suggesting that the optimal adipose source material for ADSC isolation may be application specific. This review discusses our current understanding of the heterogeneity in the adipose organ, how that heterogeneity translates into depot-specific ADSC characteristics, and how atypical ADSC populations might be harnessed for regenerative medicine applications. While our understanding of the breadth of ADSC heterogeneity is still in its infancy, clear trends are emerging for application-specific sourcing to improve regenerative outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Gui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Jacob Parson
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Gretchen A. Meyer
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:. Tel.: (314) 286-1425. Fax: (314) 747-0674
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Taylor CS, Chen R, D' Sa R, Hunt JA, Curran JM, Haycock JW. Cost effective optimised synthetic surface modification strategies for enhanced control of neuronal cell differentiation and supporting neuronal and Schwann cell viability. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 109:1713-1723. [PMID: 33749114 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Enriching a biomaterial surface with specific chemical groups has previously been considered for producing surfaces that influence cell response. Silane layer deposition has previously been shown to control mesenchymal stem cell adhesion and differentiation. However, it has not been used to investigate neuronal or Schwann cell responses in vitro to date. We report on the deposition of aminosilane groups for peripheral neurons and Schwann cells studying two chain lengths: (a) 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (short chain-SC) and (b) 11-aminoundecyltriethoxysilane (long chain-LC) by coating glass substrates. Surfaces were characterised by water contact angle, AFM and XPS. LC-NH2 was produced reproducibly as a homogenous surface with controlled nanotopography. Primary neuron and NG108-15 neuronal cell differentiation and primary Schwann cell responses were investigated in vitro by S100β, p75, and GFAP antigen expression. Both amine silane surface supported neuronal and Schwann cell growth; however, neuronal differentiation was greater on LC aminosilanes versus SC. Thus, we report that silane surfaces with an optimal chain length may have potential in peripheral nerve repair for the modification and improvement of nerve guidance devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline S Taylor
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Raechelle D' Sa
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - John A Hunt
- Medical Technologies and Advanced Materials, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Judith M Curran
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - John W Haycock
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lin YJ, Lee YW, Chang CW, Huang CC. 3D Spheroids of Umbilical Cord Blood MSC-Derived Schwann Cells Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:604946. [PMID: 33392194 PMCID: PMC7773632 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.604946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) are promising candidates for cell therapy due to their ability to promote peripheral nerve regeneration. However, SC-based therapies are hindered by the lack of a clinically renewable source of SCs. In this study, using a well-defined non-genetic approach, umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (cbMSCs), a clinically applicable cell type, were phenotypically, epigenetically, and functionally converted into SC-like cells (SCLCs) that stimulated effective sprouting of neuritic processes from neuronal cells. To further enhance their therapeutic capability, the cbMSC-derived SCLCs were assembled into three-dimensional (3D) cell spheroids by using a methylcellulose hydrogel system. The cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions were well-preserved within the formed 3D SCLC spheroids, and marked increases in neurotrophic, proangiogenic and anti-apoptotic factors were detected compared with cells that were harvested using conventional trypsin-based methods, demonstrating the superior advantage of SCLCs assembled into 3D spheroids. Transplantation of 3D SCLC spheroids into crush-injured rat sciatic nerves effectively promoted the recovery of motor function and enhanced nerve structure regeneration. In summary, by simply assembling cells into a 3D-spheroid conformation, the therapeutic potential of SCLCs derived from clinically available cbMSCs for promoting nerve regeneration was enhanced significantly. Thus, these cells hold great potential for translation to clinical applications for treating peripheral nerve injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Wei Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Che-Wei Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Cheng Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zheng Y, Zhang F, Deng C, Wei Z. [Research progress on effects of high glucose microenvironment on biological activity of adipose-derived stem cells]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2020; 34:1602-1606. [PMID: 33319543 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202003094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To summarize the research progress of the effects of high glucose microenvironment on the biological activity of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). Methods The literature on the high glucose microenvironment and ADSCs at home and abroad in recent years was reviewed, and the effects of high glucose microenvironment on the general characteristics, differentiation potential, angiogenesis, and nerve regeneration of ADSCs were summarized. Results The accumulation of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) in the high glucose microenvironment led to changes in the biological activities of ADSCs through various pathways, including cell surface markers, proliferation, migration, multi-lineage differentiation, secretory function, and tissue repair ability. The ability of ADSCs to promote angiogenesis and nerve regeneration in high glucose microenvironment is still controversial. Conclusion High glucose microenvironment can affect the biological activity of ADSCs, and the effect and mechanism of ADSCs on angiogenesis and nerve regeneration in high glucose microenvironment need to be further studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Zheng
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou, 563000, P.R.China
| | - Fengling Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou, 563000, P.R.China
| | - Chengliang Deng
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou, 563000, P.R.China
| | - Zairong Wei
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou, 563000, P.R.China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hopf A, Schaefer DJ, Kalbermatten DF, Guzman R, Madduri S. Schwann Cell-Like Cells: Origin and Usability for Repair and Regeneration of the Peripheral and Central Nervous System. Cells 2020; 9:E1990. [PMID: 32872454 PMCID: PMC7565191 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional recovery after neurotmesis, a complete transection of the nerve fiber, is often poor and requires a surgical procedure. Especially for longer gaps (>3 mm), end-to-end suturing of the proximal to the distal part is not possible, thus requiring nerve graft implantation. Artificial nerve grafts, i.e., hollow fibers, hydrogels, chitosan, collagen conduits, and decellularized scaffolds hold promise provided that these structures are populated with Schwann cells (SC) that are widely accepted to promote peripheral and spinal cord regeneration. However, these cells must be collected from the healthy peripheral nerves, resulting in significant time delay for treatment and undesired morbidities for the donors. Therefore, there is a clear need to explore the viable source of cells with a regenerative potential similar to SC. For this, we analyzed the literature for the generation of Schwann cell-like cells (SCLC) from stem cells of different origins (i.e., mesenchymal stem cells, pluripotent stem cells, and genetically programmed somatic cells) and compared their biological performance to promote axonal regeneration. Thus, the present review accounts for current developments in the field of SCLC differentiation, their applications in peripheral and central nervous system injury, and provides insights for future strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alois Hopf
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Gewerbestrasse 14, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (A.H.); (D.F.K.)
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (D.J.S.); (R.G.)
| | - Dirk J. Schaefer
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (D.J.S.); (R.G.)
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel F. Kalbermatten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Gewerbestrasse 14, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (A.H.); (D.F.K.)
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Guzman
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (D.J.S.); (R.G.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Srinivas Madduri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Gewerbestrasse 14, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (A.H.); (D.F.K.)
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (D.J.S.); (R.G.)
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Prautsch KM, Schmidt A, Paradiso V, Schaefer DJ, Guzman R, Kalbermatten DF, Madduri S. Modulation of Human Adipose Stem Cells' Neurotrophic Capacity Using a Variety of Growth Factors for Neural Tissue Engineering Applications: Axonal Growth, Transcriptional, and Phosphoproteomic Analyses In Vitro. Cells 2020; 9:E1939. [PMID: 32839392 PMCID: PMC7565501 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on a potential strategy involving the exogenous neurotrophic factors (NTF) for enhancing the neurotrophic capacity of human adipose stem cells (ASC) in vitro. For this, ASC were stimulated for three days using NTF, i.e., nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin 3 (NT3), NT4, glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). The resulting conditioned medium (CM) as well as individual NTF exhibited distinct effects on axonal outgrowth from dorsal root ganglion (DRG) explants. In particular, CM derived from NT3-stimulated ASC (CM-NT3-ASC) promoted robust axonal outgrowth. Subsequent transcriptional analysis of DRG cultures in response to CM-NT3-ASC displayed significant upregulation of STAT-3 and GAP-43. In addition, phosphoproteomic analysis of NT3-stimulated ASC revealed significant changes in the phosphorylation state of different proteins that are involved in cytokine release, growth factors signaling, stem cell maintenance, and differentiation. Furthermore, DRG cultures treated with CM-NT3-ASC exhibited significant changes in the phosphorylation levels of proteins involved in tubulin and actin cytoskeletal pathways, which are crucial for axonal growth and elongation. Thus, the results obtained at the transcriptional, proteomic, and cellular level reveal significant changes in the neurotrophic capacity of ASC following NT3 stimulation and provide new options for improving the axonal growth-promoting potential of ASC in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina M. Prautsch
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4021 Basel, Switzerland; (K.M.P.); (D.J.S.); (D.F.K.)
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4021 Basel, Switzerland;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Gewerbestrasse 14, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Schmidt
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Viola Paradiso
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4021 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Dirk J. Schaefer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4021 Basel, Switzerland; (K.M.P.); (D.J.S.); (D.F.K.)
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4021 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Raphael Guzman
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4021 Basel, Switzerland;
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4021 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel F. Kalbermatten
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4021 Basel, Switzerland; (K.M.P.); (D.J.S.); (D.F.K.)
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4021 Basel, Switzerland;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Gewerbestrasse 14, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Srinivas Madduri
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4021 Basel, Switzerland; (K.M.P.); (D.J.S.); (D.F.K.)
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4021 Basel, Switzerland;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Gewerbestrasse 14, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4021 Basel, Switzerland;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang YM, Dong XH, Ma WC, Guan LH, Wang YH, Huang XH, Chen JF, Zhao X. Proliferation, Differentiation and Immunoregulatory Capacities of Brown and White Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from Young and Aged Mice. Int J Stem Cells 2020; 13:246-256. [PMID: 32323515 PMCID: PMC7378905 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc20019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Adipose tissue is a source of mesenchymal stem cells, which have the potential to differentiate into various types of cells. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are now recognized as an accessible, abundant, and reliable stem cells suitable for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. However, few literatures gave a comprehensive report on the capacities of ADSCs harvested from different sites. Especially, the capacities of ADSCs from aged mice remained unclear. In this study, we investigated several main capacities of brown adipose derived stem cells (B-ADSCs) and white adipose derived stem cells (W-ADSCs) from both young and aged mice. Methods and Results When isolated from young mice, B-ADSCs showed a stronger proliferation rate and higher osteogenic, adipogenic and myocardial differentiation ability than W-ADSCs. Carboxy fluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) labeling test suggested no significant difference in immunosuppression capacity between B-ADSCs and W-ADSCs. Similarly, no difference between these two were found in several immune related molecules, such as programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 10 (IL10), and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (socs1). When isolated from aged mice, B-ADSCs also showed a stronger proliferation rate and higher osteogenic, adipogenic and myocardial differentiation ability than W-ADSCs; however, it demonstrated an attenuated immunosuppression capacity compared to W-ADSCs. Conclusions In summary, our data showed that ADSCs' characteristics were tissue source dependent and changed with age. It provided evidence for choosing the right tissue-specific ADSCs for clinical application and fundamental research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Mei Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Dong
- Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Chao Ma
- Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Hui Guan
- Department of Animal Husbandry Engineering, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Yu-Han Wang
- Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Huang
- Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Feng Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Diez-Ahedo R, Mendibil X, Márquez-Posadas MC, Quintana I, González F, Rodríguez FJ, Zilic L, Sherborne C, Glen A, Taylor CS, Claeyssens F, Haycock JW, Schaafsma W, González E, Castro B, Merino S. UV-Casting on Methacrylated PCL for the Production of a Peripheral Nerve Implant Containing an Array of Porous Aligned Microchannels. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E971. [PMID: 32331241 PMCID: PMC7240584 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerves are basic communication structures guiding motor and sensory information from the central nervous system to receptor units. Severed peripheral nerve injuries represent a large clinical problem with relevant challenges to successful synthetic nerve repair scaffolds as substitutes to autologous nerve grafting. Numerous studies reported the use of hollow tubes made of synthetic polymers sutured between severed nerve stumps to promote nerve regeneration while providing protection for external factors, such as scar tissue formation and inflammation. Few approaches have described the potential use of a lumen structure comprised of microchannels or microfibers to provide axon growth avoiding misdirection and fostering proper healing. Here, we report the use of a 3D porous microchannel-based structure made of a photocurable methacrylated polycaprolactone, whose mechanical properties are comparable to native nerves. The neuro-regenerative properties of the polymer were assessed in vitro, prior to the implantation of the 3D porous structure, in a 6-mm rat sciatic nerve gap injury. The manufactured implants were biocompatible and able to be resorbed by the host's body at a suitable rate, allowing the complete healing of the nerve. The innovative design of the highly porous structure with the axon guiding microchannels, along with the observation of myelinated axons and Schwann cells in the in vivo tests, led to a significant progress towards the standardized use of synthetic 3D multichannel-based structures in peripheral nerve surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Diez-Ahedo
- Tekniker, C/Iñaki Goenaga 5, 20600 Eibar, Spain; (R.D.-A.); (X.M.); (M.C.M.-P.); (I.Q.)
| | - Xabier Mendibil
- Tekniker, C/Iñaki Goenaga 5, 20600 Eibar, Spain; (R.D.-A.); (X.M.); (M.C.M.-P.); (I.Q.)
| | | | - Iban Quintana
- Tekniker, C/Iñaki Goenaga 5, 20600 Eibar, Spain; (R.D.-A.); (X.M.); (M.C.M.-P.); (I.Q.)
| | - Francisco González
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Finca. la Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (F.G.); (F.J.R.)
| | - Francisco Javier Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Finca. la Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (F.G.); (F.J.R.)
| | - Leyla Zilic
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK; (L.Z.); (C.S.); (A.G.); (C.S.T.); (F.C.); (J.W.H.)
| | - Colin Sherborne
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK; (L.Z.); (C.S.); (A.G.); (C.S.T.); (F.C.); (J.W.H.)
| | - Adam Glen
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK; (L.Z.); (C.S.); (A.G.); (C.S.T.); (F.C.); (J.W.H.)
| | - Caroline S. Taylor
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK; (L.Z.); (C.S.); (A.G.); (C.S.T.); (F.C.); (J.W.H.)
| | - Frederik Claeyssens
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK; (L.Z.); (C.S.); (A.G.); (C.S.T.); (F.C.); (J.W.H.)
| | - John W. Haycock
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK; (L.Z.); (C.S.); (A.G.); (C.S.T.); (F.C.); (J.W.H.)
| | - Wandert Schaafsma
- Histocell S.L., Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 801 A, 2, 48160 Derio, Spain; (W.S.); (E.G.); (B.C.)
| | - Eva González
- Histocell S.L., Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 801 A, 2, 48160 Derio, Spain; (W.S.); (E.G.); (B.C.)
| | - Begoña Castro
- Histocell S.L., Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 801 A, 2, 48160 Derio, Spain; (W.S.); (E.G.); (B.C.)
| | - Santos Merino
- Tekniker, C/Iñaki Goenaga 5, 20600 Eibar, Spain; (R.D.-A.); (X.M.); (M.C.M.-P.); (I.Q.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Weng T, Wu P, Zhang W, Zheng Y, Li Q, Jin R, Chen H, You C, Guo S, Han C, Wang X. Regeneration of skin appendages and nerves: current status and further challenges. J Transl Med 2020; 18:53. [PMID: 32014004 PMCID: PMC6996190 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02248-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-engineered skin (TES), as an analogue of native skin, is promising for wound repair and regeneration. However, a major drawback of TES products is a lack of skin appendages and nerves to enhance skin healing, structural integrity and skin vitality. Skin appendages and nerves are important constituents for fully functional skin. To date, many studies have yielded remarkable results in the field of skin appendages reconstruction and nerve regeneration. However, patients often complain about a loss of skin sensation and even cutaneous chronic pain. Restoration of pain, temperature, and touch perceptions should now be a major challenge to solve in order to improve patients’ quality of life. Current strategies to create skin appendages and sensory nerve regeneration are mainly based on different types of seeding cells, scaffold materials, bioactive factors and involved signaling pathways. This article provides a comprehensive overview of different strategies for, and advances in, skin appendages and sensory nerve regeneration, which is an important issue in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Weng
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Pan Wu
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yurong Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Qiong Li
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Ronghua Jin
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Haojiao Chen
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Chuangang You
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Songxue Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Chunmao Han
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xingang Wang
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Santiago-Toledo G, Georgiou M, Dos Reis J, Roberton VH, Valinhas A, Wood RC, Phillips JB, Mason C, Li D, Li Y, Sinden JD, Choi D, Jat PS, Wall IB. Generation of c-MycER TAM-transduced human late-adherent olfactory mucosa cells for potential regenerative applications. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13190. [PMID: 31519924 PMCID: PMC6744411 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49315-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human olfactory mucosa cells (hOMCs) have been transplanted to the damaged spinal cord both pre-clinically and clinically. To date mainly autologous cells have been tested. However, inter-patient variability in cell recovery and quality, and the fact that the neuroprotective olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) subset is difficult to isolate, means an allogeneic hOMC therapy would be an attractive "off-the-shelf" alternative. The aim of this study was to generate a candidate cell line from late-adherent hOMCs, thought to contain the OEC subset. Primary late-adherent hOMCs were transduced with a c-MycERTAM gene that enables cell proliferation in the presence of 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT). Two c-MycERTAM-derived polyclonal populations, PA5 and PA7, were generated and expanded. PA5 cells had a normal human karyotype (46, XY) and exhibited faster growth kinetics than PA7, and were therefore selected for further characterisation. PA5 hOMCs express glial markers (p75NTR, S100ß, GFAP and oligodendrocyte marker O4), neuronal markers (nestin and ß-III-tubulin) and fibroblast-associated markers (CD90/Thy1 and fibronectin). Co-culture of PA5 cells with a neuronal cell line (NG108-15) and with primary dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons resulted in significant neurite outgrowth after 5 days. Therefore, c-MycERTAM-derived PA5 hOMCs have potential as a regenerative therapy for neural cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Melanie Georgiou
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Joana Dos Reis
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Victoria H Roberton
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Ana Valinhas
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Rachael C Wood
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
- Aston Medical Research Institute and School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - James B Phillips
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Chris Mason
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
- AVROBIO Inc, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Daqing Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - John D Sinden
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- ReNeuron Limited, Pencoed, Bridgend, CF35 5HY, UK
| | - David Choi
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Parmjit S Jat
- MRC Prion Unit at UCL, Institute of Prion Diseases, London, W1W 7FF, UK
| | - Ivan B Wall
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK.
- Aston Medical Research Institute and School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK.
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Faroni A, Workman VL, Saiani A, Reid AJ. Self-Assembling Peptide Hydrogel Matrices Improve the Neurotrophic Potential of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1900410. [PMID: 31348622 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in microsurgical techniques, treatment options to restore prior function following peripheral nerve injury remain unavailable, and autologous nerve grafting remains the therapy of choice. Recent experimental work has focused on the development of artificial constructs incorporating smart biomaterials and stem cells, aspiring to match/improve the outcomes of nerve autografting. Chemically stimulated human adipose-derived stem cells (dhASC) can improve nerve regeneration outcomes; however, these properties are lost when chemical stimulation is withdrawn, and survival rate upon transplantation is low. It is hypothesized that interactions with synthetic hydrogel matrices could maintain and improve neurotrophic characteristics of dhASC. dhASC are cultured on PeptiGel-Alpha 1 and PeptiGel-Alpha 2 self-assembling peptide hydrogels, showing comparable viability to collagen I control gels. Culturing dhASC on Alpha 1 and Alpha 2 substrates allow the maintenance of neurotrophic features, such as the expression of growth factors and neuroglial markers. Both Alpha 1 and Alpha 2 substrates are suitable for the culture of peripheral sensory neurons, permitting sprouting of neuronal extensions without the need of biological extracellular matrices, and preserving neuronal function. PeptiGel substrates loaded with hdASC are proposed as promising candidates for the development of tissue engineering therapies for the repair of peripheral nerve injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Faroni
- Blond McIndoe LaboratoriesDivision of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative MedicineSchool of Biological SciencesFaculty of Biology Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Victoria L. Workman
- School of Materials & Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyFaculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Alberto Saiani
- School of Materials & Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyFaculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Adam J. Reid
- Blond McIndoe LaboratoriesDivision of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative MedicineSchool of Biological SciencesFaculty of Biology Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester M13 9PL UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & BurnsWythenshawe HospitalManchester University NHS Foundation TrustManchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester M23 9LT UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ramli K, Aminath Gasim I, Ahmad AA, Hassan S, Law ZK, Tan GC, Baharuddin A, Naicker AS, Htwe O, Mohammed Haflah NH, B H Idrus R, Abdullah S, Ng MH. Human bone marrow-derived MSCs spontaneously express specific Schwann cell markers. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:233-252. [PMID: 30362196 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In peripheral nerve injuries, Schwann cells (SC) play pivotal roles in regenerating damaged nerve. However, the use of SC in clinical cell-based therapy is hampered due to its limited availability. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of using an established induction protocol for human bone marrow derived-MSC (hBM-MSCs) transdifferentiation into a SC lineage. A relatively homogenous culture of hBM-MSCs was first established after serial passaging (P3), with profiles conforming to the minimal criteria set by International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT). The cultures (n = 3) were then subjected to a series of induction media containing β-mercaptoethanol, retinoic acid, and growth factors. Quantitative RT-PCR, flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry analyses were performed to quantify the expression of specific SC markers, that is, S100, GFAP, MPZ and p75 NGFR, in both undifferentiated and transdifferentiated hBM-MSCs. Based on these analyses, all markers were expressed in undifferentiated hBM-MSCs and MPZ expression (mRNA transcripts) was consistently detected before and after transdifferentiation across all samples. There was upregulation at the transcript level of more than twofolds for NGF, MPB, GDNF, p75 NGFR post-transdifferentiation. This study highlights the existence of spontaneous expression of specific SC markers in cultured hBM-MSCs, inter-donor variability and that MSC transdifferentiation is a heterogenous process. These findings strongly oppose the use of a single marker to indicate SC fate. The heterogenous nature of MSC may influence the efficiency of SC transdifferentiation protocols. Therefore, there is an urgent need to re-define the MSC subpopulations and revise the minimal criteria for MSC identification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khairunnisa Ramli
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ifasha Aminath Gasim
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amir Adham Ahmad
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Shariful Hassan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Zhe Kang Law
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Geok Chin Tan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azmi Baharuddin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amaramalar Selvi Naicker
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ohnmar Htwe
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Hazla Mohammed Haflah
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ruszymah B H Idrus
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shalimar Abdullah
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Resch A, Wolf S, Mann A, Weiss T, Stetco AL, Radtke C. Co-Culturing Human Adipose Derived Stem Cells and Schwann Cells on Spider Silk-A New Approach as Prerequisite for Enhanced Nerve Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 20:E71. [PMID: 30586946 PMCID: PMC6337114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast recovery is crucial for a successful nerve repair and an optimal functional outcome after peripheral nerve injury. Regarding donor site morbidity, autologous transplantation shows great limitations, which urge the need for alternative options in nerve reconstruction. Spider silk was reported as an advantageous material for cell adhesion, migration and proliferation, and its use in conduits is of great interest, especially in combination with cells to improve nerve regeneration. We here described the behavior of a co-culture of human Schwann cells and human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on spider silk as a new approach. After characterized by immunostaining ADSCs and Schwann cells were seeded in the co-culture on a spider silk scaffold and observed for 21 days. Results showed that cells were attached to the silk and aligned along the silk fibers. With further culture time, cells migrated along the silk and increased in number and formed an almost confluent cell layer. In immunostaining, results suggest that the cell layer was equally composed of ADSCs and Schwann cells. In conclusion, we showed that by providing a guiding structure for directed growth and cells to support nerve regeneration and remyelination, a valid alternative to autologous nerve grafts could have been found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Resch
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Experimental Laboratory of the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Sonja Wolf
- Experimental Laboratory of the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Anda Mann
- Experimental Laboratory of the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Tamara Weiss
- Experimental Laboratory of the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Alexandra-Larissa Stetco
- Experimental Laboratory of the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Christine Radtke
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Experimental Laboratory of the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhu TB, Zhang Z, Luo P, Wang SS, Peng Y, Chu SF, Chen NH. Lipid metabolism in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res Bull 2018; 144:68-74. [PMID: 30472149 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Since the metabolic disorder may be the high risk that contribute to the progress of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Overtaken of High-fat, high-glucose or high-cholesterol diet may hasten the incidence of AD in later life, due to the metabolic dysfunction. But the metabolism of lipid in brain and the exact effect of lipid to brain or to the AD's pathological remain controversial. Here we summarize correlates of lipid metabolism and AD to provide more foundation for the daily nursing of AD sensitive patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Bi Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Piao Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Sha-Sha Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Ye Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shi-Feng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, 030000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ching RC, Wiberg M, Kingham PJ. Schwann cell-like differentiated adipose stem cells promote neurite outgrowth via secreted exosomes and RNA transfer. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:266. [PMID: 30309388 PMCID: PMC6182785 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adipose derived stem cells can be stimulated to produce a growth factor rich secretome which enhances axon regeneration. In this study we investigated the importance of exosomes, extracellular vesicles released by many different cell types, including stem cells and endogenous nervous system Schwann cells (SCs), on neurite outgrowth. Methods Adipose derived stem cells were differentiated towards a Schwann cell-like phenotype (dADSCs) by in vitro stimulation with a mix of factors (basic fibroblast growth factor, platelet derived growth factor-AA, neuregulin-1 and forskolin). Using a precipitation and low-speed centrifugation protocol the extracellular vesicles were isolated from the medium of the stem cells cultures and also from primary SCs. The conditioned media or concentrated vesicles were applied to neurons in vitro and computerised image analysis was used to assess neurite outgrowth. Total RNA was purified from the extracellular vesicles and investigated using qRT-PCR. Results Application of exosomes derived from SCs significantly enhanced in vitro neurite outgrowth and this was replicated by the exosomes from dADSCs. qRT-PCR demonstrated that the exosomes contained mRNAs and miRNAs known to play a role in nerve regeneration and these molecules were up-regulated by the Schwann cell differentiation protocol. Transfer of fluorescently tagged exosomal RNA to neurons was detected and destruction of the RNA by UV-irradiation significantly reduced the dADSCs exosome effects on neurite outgrowth. In contrast, this process had no significant effect on the SCs-derived exosomes. Conclusions In summary, this work suggests that stem cell-derived exosomes might be a useful adjunct to other novel therapeutic interventions in nerve repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna C Ching
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Anatomy, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Hand and Plastic Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mikael Wiberg
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Anatomy, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Hand and Plastic Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Paul J Kingham
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Anatomy, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
De Simone U, Roccio M, Gribaldo L, Spinillo A, Caloni F, Coccini T. Human 3D Cultures as Models for Evaluating Magnetic Nanoparticle CNS Cytotoxicity after Short- and Repeated Long-Term Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071993. [PMID: 29986546 PMCID: PMC6073335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since nanoparticles (NPs) can translocate to the brain and impact the highly vulnerable central nervous system (CNS), novel in vitro tools for the assessment of NP-induced neurotoxicity are advocated. In this study, two types of CNS spheroids have been developed from human D384 astrocyte- and SH-SY5Y neuronal-like cells, and optimized in combination with standard assays (viability readout and cell morphology) to test neurotoxic effects caused by Fe3O4NPs, as NP-model, after short- (24–48 h; 1–100µg/ml) and long-term repeated exposure (30days; 0.1–25µg/ml). Short-term exposure of 3D-spheroids to Fe3O4NP induced cytotoxicity at 10 µg/mL in astrocytes and 25 µg/mL neurons. After long-term repeated dose regimen, spheroids showed concentration- and time-dependent cell mortality at 10 µg/mL for D384 and 0.5 µg/mL for SH-SY5Y, indicating a higher susceptibility of neurons than astrocytes. Both spheroid types displayed cell disaggregation after the first week of treatment at ≥0.1 µg/mL and becoming considerably evident at higher concentrations and over time. Recreating the 3D-spatial environment of the CNS allows cells to behave in vitro more closely to the in vivo situations, therefore providing a model that can be used as a stand-alone test or as a part of integrated testing strategies. These models could drive an improvement in the species-relevant predictivity of toxicity testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uliana De Simone
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, Toxicology Unit, ICS Maugeri SpA-BC, IRCCS Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Marianna Roccio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Laura Gribaldo
- European Commission, Directorate General Joint Research Centre, Directorate F-Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, Chemicals Safety and Alternative Methods Unit, 21027 Ispra, Italy.
| | - Arsenio Spinillo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Francesca Caloni
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria (DIMEVET), 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Teresa Coccini
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, Toxicology Unit, ICS Maugeri SpA-BC, IRCCS Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Effects of a defined xeno-free medium on the growth and neurotrophic and angiogenic properties of human adult stem cells. Cytotherapy 2017; 19:629-639. [PMID: 28366194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.02.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growth properties and neurotrophic and angiogenic effects of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) cultured in a defined xeno-free, serum-free medium (MesenCult-XF) were investigated. METHODS Human MSCs from adipose tissue (ASCs) and bone marrow (BMSCs) were cultured in Minimum Essential Medium-alpha (α-MEM) containing fetal calf serum or in MesenCult-XF. Proliferation was measured over 10 passages and the colony-forming unit (CFU) assay and expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) surface markers were determined. Neurite outgrowth and angiogenic activity of the MSCs were determined. RESULTS At early passage, both ASCs and BMSCs showed better proliferation in MesenCult-XF compared with standard α-MEM-containing serum. However, CFUs were significantly lower in MesenCult-XF. ASCs cultured in MesenCult-XF continued to expand at faster rates than cells grown in serum. BMSCs showed morphological changes at late passage in MesenCult-XF and stained positive for senescence β-galactosidase activity. Expression levels of CD73 and CD90 were similar in both cell types under the various culture conditions but CD105 was significantly reduced at passage 10 in MesenCult-XF. In vitro stimulation of the cells enhanced the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) and angiopoietin-1. Stimulated ASCs grown in MesenCult-XF evoked the longest neurite outgrowth in a neuron co-culture model. Stimulated BMSCs grown in MesenCult-XF produced the most extensive network of capillary-like tube structures in an in vitro angiogenesis assay. CONCLUSIONS ASCs and BMSCs exhibit high levels of neurotrophic and angiogenic activity when grown in the defined serum-free medium indicating their suitability for treatment of various neurological conditions. However, long-term expansion in MesenCult-XF might be restricted to ASCs.
Collapse
|
30
|
Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Enhance Axonal Regeneration through Cross-Facial Nerve Grafting in a Rat Model of Facial Paralysis. Plast Reconstr Surg 2017; 138:387-396. [PMID: 27465163 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000002351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-face nerve grafting combined with functional muscle transplantation has become the standard in reconstructing an emotionally controlled smile in complete irreversible facial palsy. However, the efficacy of this procedure depends on the ability of regenerating axons to breach two nerve coaptations and reinnervate endplates in denervated muscle. The current study tested the hypothesis that adipose-derived stem cells would enhance axonal regeneration through a cross-facial nerve graft and thereby enhance recovery of the facial nerve function. METHODS Twelve rats underwent transection of the right facial nerve, and cross-facial nerve grafting using the sciatic nerve as an interpositional graft, with coaptations to the ipsilateral and contralateral buccal branches, was carried out. Rats were divided equally into two groups: a grafted but nontreated control group and a grafted and adipose-derived stem cell-treated group. Three months after surgery, biometric and electrophysiologic assessments of vibrissae movements were performed. Histologically, the spectra of fiber density, myelin sheath thickness, fiber diameter, and g ratio of the nerve were analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for the evaluation of acetylcholine in the neuromuscular junctions. RESULTS The data from the biometric and electrophysiologic analysis of vibrissae movements, immunohistochemical analysis, and histologic assessment of the nerve showed that adipose-derived stem cells significantly enhanced axonal regeneration through the graft. CONCLUSION These observations suggest that adipose-derived stem cells could be a clinically translatable route toward new methods to enhance recovery after cross-facial nerve grafting.
Collapse
|
31
|
Naderi N, Combellack EJ, Griffin M, Sedaghati T, Javed M, Findlay MW, Wallace CG, Mosahebi A, Butler PEM, Seifalian AM, Whitaker IS. The regenerative role of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Int Wound J 2017; 14:112-124. [PMID: 26833722 PMCID: PMC7949873 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential use of stem cell-based therapies for the repair and regeneration of various tissues and organs offers a paradigm shift in plastic and reconstructive surgery. The use of either embryonic stem cells (ESC) or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) in clinical situations is limited because of regulations and ethical considerations even though these cells are theoretically highly beneficial. Adult mesenchymal stem cells appear to be an ideal stem cell population for practical regenerative medicine. Among these cells, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) have the potential to differentiate the mesenchymal, ectodermal and endodermal lineages and are easy to harvest. Additionally, adipose tissue yields a high number of ADSC per volume of tissue. Based on this background knowledge, the purpose of this review is to summarise and describe the proliferation and differentiation capacities of ADSC together with current preclinical data regarding the use of ADSC as regenerative tools in plastic and reconstructive surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Naderi
- Reconstructive Surgery & Regenerative Medicine Group, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS)Swansea University Medical SchoolSwanseaUK
- Welsh Centre for Burns & Plastic SurgeryABMU Health BoardSwanseaUK
| | - Emman J Combellack
- Reconstructive Surgery & Regenerative Medicine Group, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS)Swansea University Medical SchoolSwanseaUK
- Welsh Centre for Burns & Plastic SurgeryABMU Health BoardSwanseaUK
| | - Michelle Griffin
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Tina Sedaghati
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Muhammad Javed
- Reconstructive Surgery & Regenerative Medicine Group, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS)Swansea University Medical SchoolSwanseaUK
- Welsh Centre for Burns & Plastic SurgeryABMU Health BoardSwanseaUK
| | - Michael W Findlay
- Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryStanford University Medical CentreStanfordCAUSA
| | | | - Afshin Mosahebi
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Plastic SurgeryRoyal Free NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Peter EM Butler
- Department of Plastic SurgeryRoyal Free NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Alexander M Seifalian
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Iain S Whitaker
- Reconstructive Surgery & Regenerative Medicine Group, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS)Swansea University Medical SchoolSwanseaUK
- Welsh Centre for Burns & Plastic SurgeryABMU Health BoardSwanseaUK
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sowa Y, Kishida T, Tomita K, Yamamoto K, Numajiri T, Mazda O. Direct Conversion of Human Fibroblasts into Schwann Cells that Facilitate Regeneration of Injured Peripheral Nerve In Vivo. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:1207-1216. [PMID: 28186702 PMCID: PMC5442846 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.16-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) play pivotal roles in the maintenance and regeneration of the peripheral nervous system. Although transplantation of SCs enhances repair of experimentally damaged peripheral and central nerve tissues, it is difficult to prepare a sufficient number of functional SCs for transplantation therapy without causing adverse events for the donor. Here, we generated functional SCs by somatic cell reprogramming procedures and demonstrated their capability to promote peripheral nerve regeneration. Normal human fibroblasts were phenotypically converted into SCs by transducing SOX10 and Krox20 genes followed by culturing for 10 days resulting in approximately 43% directly converted Schwann cells (dSCs). The dSCs expressed SC‐specific proteins, secreted neurotrophic factors, and induced neuronal cells to extend neurites. The dSCs also displayed myelin‐forming capability both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, transplantation of the dSCs into the transected sciatic nerve in mice resulted in significantly accelerated regeneration of the nerve and in improved motor function at a level comparable to that with transplantation of the SCs obtained from a peripheral nerve. The dSCs induced by our procedure may be applicable for novel regeneration therapy for not only peripheral nerve injury but also for central nerve damage and for neurodegenerative disorders related to SC dysfunction. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:1207–1216
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Sowa
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi Hirokoji Kajii-cho 465, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi Hirokoji Kajii-cho 465, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Tsunao Kishida
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi Hirokoji Kajii-cho 465, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Koichi Tomita
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenta Yamamoto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi Hirokoji Kajii-cho 465, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.,Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi Hirokoji Kajii-cho 465, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Numajiri
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi Hirokoji Kajii-cho 465, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Osam Mazda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi Hirokoji Kajii-cho 465, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yang X, Chen J, Xue P, Liu R, Ji W, Lu X, Liu X, Chen Z. Differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells into schwann-like cells using dihydrotestosterone combined with a classical induction method. Biotechnol Lett 2016; 39:331-337. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-016-2239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
34
|
Quaade ML, Jensen CH, Andersen DC, Sheikh SP. A 3-month age difference profoundly alters the primary rat stromal vascular fraction phenotype. Acta Histochem 2016; 118:513-8. [PMID: 27265810 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is a heterogeneous population obtained from collagenase digestion of adipose tissue. When cultured the population becomes more homogeneous and the cells are then termed adipose stromal/stem cells (ASCs). Both the freshly isolated primary SVF population and the cultured ASC population possess regenerative abilities suggested to be mediated by paracrine mechanisms mainly. The use of ASCs and SVF cells, both in animal studies and human clinical studies, has dramatically increased during recent years. However, more knowledge regarding optimal donor characteristics such as age is demanded. Here we report that even a short age difference has an impact on the phenotype of primary SVF cells. We observed that a 3-month difference in relatively young adult rats affects the expression pattern of several mesenchymal stem cell markers in their primary SVF. The younger animals had significantly more CD90+/CD44+/CD29+/PDGFRα+primary cells, than the aged rats, suggesting an age dependent shift in the relative cell type distribution within the population. Taken together with recent studies of much more pronounced age differences, our data strongly suggest that donor age is a very critical parameter that should be taken into account in future stem cell studies, especially when using primary cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Louise Quaade
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Denmark.
| | - Charlotte Harken Jensen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Ditte Caroline Andersen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Søren Paludan Sheikh
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Use of engineered Schwann cells in peripheral neuropathy: Hopes and hazards. Brain Res 2016; 1638:97-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
36
|
Shi H, Gong Y, Qiang L, Li X, Zhang S, Gao J, Li K, Ji X, Tian L, Gu X, Ding F. Derivation of Schwann cell precursors from neural crest cells resident in bone marrow for cell therapy to improve peripheral nerve regeneration. Biomaterials 2016; 89:25-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
37
|
Faroni A, Smith RJP, Lu L, Reid AJ. Human Schwann-like cells derived from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells rapidly de-differentiate in the absence of stimulating medium. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 43:417-30. [PMID: 26309136 PMCID: PMC4744694 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Finding a viable cell-based therapy to address peripheral nerve injury holds promise for enhancing the currently suboptimal microsurgical approaches to peripheral nerve repair. Autologous nerve grafting is the current gold standard for surgical repair of nerve gaps; however, this causes donor nerve morbidity in the patient, and the results remain unsatisfactory. Transplanting autologous Schwann cells (SCs) results in similar morbidity, as well as limited cell numbers and restricted potential for expansion in vitro. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), 'differentiated' towards an SC-like phenotype in vitro (dASCs), have been presented as an alternative to SC therapies. The differentiation protocol stimulates ASCs to mimic the SC phenotype; however, the efficacy of dASCs in nerve repair is not yet convincing, and the practicality of the SC-like phenotype is unproven. Here, we examined the stability of dASCs by withdrawing differentiation medium for 72 h after the full 18-day differentiation protocol, and measuring changes in morphology, gene expression, and protein levels. Withdrawal of differentiation medium from dASCs resulted in a rapid reversion to stem cell-like characteristics. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analyses demonstrated a significant reduction in gene and protein expression of growth factors that were expressed at high levels following 'differentiation'. Therefore, we question the relevance of differentiation to an SC-like phenotype, as withdrawal of differentiation medium, a model of transplantation into an injured nerve, results in rapid reversion of the dASC phenotype to stem cell-like characteristics. Further investigation into the differentiation process and the response of dASCs to an injured environment must be undertaken prior to the use of dASCs in peripheral nerve repair therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Faroni
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Stopford BuildingCentre for Tissue Injury and RepairInstitute of Inflammation and RepairUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PTUK
| | - Richard J. P. Smith
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Stopford BuildingCentre for Tissue Injury and RepairInstitute of Inflammation and RepairUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PTUK
| | - Li Lu
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Stopford BuildingCentre for Tissue Injury and RepairInstitute of Inflammation and RepairUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PTUK
- Department of PharmacologySchool of Basic MedicineLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Adam J. Reid
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Stopford BuildingCentre for Tissue Injury and RepairInstitute of Inflammation and RepairUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PTUK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & BurnsUniversity Hospital of South ManchesterManchesterUK
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu Y, Chen J, Liu W, Lu X, Liu Z, Zhao X, Li G, Chen Z. A Modified Approach to Inducing Bone Marrow Stromal Cells to Differentiate into Cells with Mature Schwann Cell Phenotypes. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:347-59. [PMID: 26670188 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Marrow stromal cells (MSCs) can be induced to differentiate into Schwann-like cells under classical induction conditions. However, cells derived from this method are unstable, exhibiting a low neurotrophin expression level after the induction conditions are removed. In Schwann cell (SC) culture, progesterone (PROG) enhances neurotrophic synthesis and myelination, specifically regulating the expression of the myelin protein zero (P0)- and peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22)-encoding genes by acting in concert or in synergy with insulin and glucocorticoids (GLUCs). In the present study, we investigated whether combined PROG, GLUC, and insulin therapy induced MSCs to differentiate into modified SC-like cells with phenotypes similar to those of mature SCs. After being cultured for 2 weeks in modified differentiation medium, the modified SC-like cells showed increased expression of P0 and PMP22. In addition, morphological and phenotypic characterizations were conducted over a period of over 2 weeks, and functional characteristics persisted for more than 3 weeks after the induction reagents were withdrawn. The transplantation of green fluorescent protein-labeled, modified SC-like cells into transected sciatic nerves with a 10-mm gap significantly increased the proliferation of the original SCs and improved axon regeneration and myelination compared with original BM-SCs. Immunostaining for P0 revealed that more of the transplanted modified SC-like cells retained the phenotypic characteristics of SCs. Taken together, these results reveal that the combined application of PROG, GLUC, and insulin induces MSCs to differentiate into cells with phenotypic, molecular, and functional properties of mature SCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Liu
- 1 Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Jianghai Chen
- 1 Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaocheng Lu
- 1 Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- 1 Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhao
- 1 Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Gongchi Li
- 1 Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenbing Chen
- 1 Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ardeshirylajimi A, Rafeie F, Zandi-Karimi A, Jaffarabadi GA, Mohammadi-Sangcheshmeh A, Samiei R, Toghdory A, Seyedjafari E, Hashemi SM, Cinar MU, Gastal EL. Fat harvesting site is an important determinant of proliferation and pluripotency of adipose-derived stem cells. Biologicals 2015; 44:12-8. [PMID: 26673522 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
To define the optimal fat harvest site and detect any potential differences in adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) proliferation properties in camels, aspirates from the abdomen and hump sites were compared. Obtained results revealed that ASCs from both abdomen and hump exhibited spindle-shaped and fibroblast-like morphology with hump-derived ASCs being smaller in size and narrower in overall appearance than abdominal ASCs. Abdominal ASCs required a greater time for proliferation than the hump-derived cells. These results were further confirmed with a tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay (MTT) which showed a greater cell proliferation rate for hump ASCs than for the abdomen. Under inductive conditions, ASCs from both abdominal and hump fat deposits maintained their lineage differentiation potential into adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineages during subsequent passages without any qualitative difference. However, expression of alkaline phosphatase was higher in osteogenic differentiated cells from the hump compared with those of the abdomen. Moreover, the increase in calcium content in hump-derived stem cells was higher than that in abdominal-derived stem cells. In conclusion, our findings revealed that ASCs can be obtained from different anatomical locations, although ASCs from the hump fat region may be the ideal stem cell sources for use in cell-based therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Farjad Rafeie
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Rahmat Samiei
- Jahad-Agriculture Organization of Golestan Province, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Abdolhakim Toghdory
- Department of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Seyedjafari
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehmet Ulas Cinar
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Eduardo L Gastal
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Cordeiro IR, Lopes DV, Abreu JG, Carneiro K, Rossi MID, Brito JM. Chick embryo xenograft model reveals a novel perineural niche for human adipose-derived stromal cells. Biol Open 2015; 4:1180-93. [PMID: 26319582 PMCID: PMC4582113 DOI: 10.1242/bio.010256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adipose-derived stromal cells (hADSC) are a heterogeneous cell population that contains adult multipotent stem cells. Although it is well established that hADSC have skeletal potential in vivo in adult organisms, in vitro assays suggest further differentiation capacity, such as into glia. Thus, we propose that grafting hADSC into the embryo can provide them with a much more instructive microenvironment, allowing the human cells to adopt diverse fates or niches. Here, hADSC spheroids were grafted into either the presumptive presomitic mesoderm or the first branchial arch (BA1) regions of chick embryos. Cells were identified without previous manipulations via human-specific Alu probes, which allows efficient long-term tracing of heterogeneous primary cultures. When grafted into the trunk, in contrast to previous studies, hADSC were not found in chondrogenic or osteogenic territories up to E8. Surprisingly, 82.5% of the hADSC were associated with HNK1+ tissues, such as peripheral nerves. Human skin fibroblasts showed a smaller tropism for nerves. In line with other studies, hADSC also adopted perivascular locations. When grafted into the presumptive BA1, 74.6% of the cells were in the outflow tract, the final goal of cardiac neural crest cells, and were also associated with peripheral nerves. This is the first study showing that hADSC could adopt a perineural niche in vivo and were able to recognize cues for neural crest cell migration of the host. Therefore, we propose that xenografts of human cells into chick embryos can reveal novel behaviors of heterogeneous cell populations, such as response to migration cues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid R Cordeiro
- Morphological Sciences Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Daiana V Lopes
- Morphological Sciences Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - José G Abreu
- Morphological Sciences Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Katia Carneiro
- Morphological Sciences Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Maria I D Rossi
- Morphological Sciences Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - José M Brito
- Morphological Sciences Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stromal cells: Biological properties, induction of neuronal phenotype and current applications in neurodegeneration research. Acta Histochem 2015; 117:329-38. [PMID: 25747736 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, also known as mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), can be isolated from bone marrow or other tissues, including fat, muscle and umbilical cord. It has been shown that MSC behave in vitro as stem cells: they self-renew and are able to differentiate into mature cells typical of several mesenchymal tissues. Moreover, the differentiation toward non-mesenchymal cell lineages (e.g. neurons) has been reported as well. The clinical relevance of these cells is mainly related to their ability to spontaneously migrate to the site of inflammation/damage, to their safety profile thanks to their low immunogenicity and to their immunomodulation capacities. To date, MSCs isolated from the post-natal bone marrow have represented the most extensively studied population of adult MSCs, in view of their possible use in various therapeutical applications. However, the bone marrow-derived MSCs exhibit a series of limitations, mainly related to their problematic isolation, culturing and use. In recent years, umbilical cord (UC) matrix (i.e. Wharton's jelly, WJ) stromal cells have therefore emerged as a more suitable alternative source of MSCs, thanks to their primitive nature and the easy isolation without relevant ethical concerns. This review seeks to provide an overview of the main biological properties of WJ-derived MSCs. Moreover, the potential application of these cells for the treatment of some known dysfunctions in the central and peripheral nervous system will also be discussed.
Collapse
|
42
|
Paviolo C, McArthur SL, Stoddart PR. Gold Nanorod-assisted Optical Stimulation of Neuronal Cells. J Vis Exp 2015:52566. [PMID: 25938822 PMCID: PMC4541599 DOI: 10.3791/52566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that nerves can be stimulated in a variety of ways by the transient heating associated with the absorption of infrared light by water in neuronal tissue. This technique holds great potential for replacing or complementing standard stimulation techniques, due to the potential for increased localization of the stimulus and minimization of mechanical contact with the tissue. However, optical approaches are limited by the inability of visible light to penetrate deep into tissues. Moreover, thermal modelling suggests that cumulative heating effects might be potentially hazardous when multiple stimulus sites or high laser repetition rates are used. The protocol outlined below describes an enhanced approach to the infrared stimulation of neuronal cells. The underlying mechanism is based on the transient heating associated with the optical absorption of gold nanorods, which can cause triggering of neuronal cell differentiation and increased levels of intracellular calcium activity. These results demonstrate that nanoparticle absorbers can enhance and/or replace the process of infrared neural stimulation based on water absorption, with potential for future applications in neural prostheses and cell therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Paviolo
- Biotactical Engineering, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology;
| | - Sally L McArthur
- Biotactical Engineering, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology
| | - Paul R Stoddart
- Biotactical Engineering, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kingham PJ, Reid AJ, Wiberg M. Adipose-derived stem cells for nerve repair: hype or reality? Cells Tissues Organs 2015; 200:23-30. [PMID: 25825218 DOI: 10.1159/000369336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is a relatively commonly occurring trauma which seriously compromises the quality of life for many individuals. There is a major need to devise new treatment strategies, and one possible approach is to develop cellular therapies to bioengineer new nerve tissue and/or modulate the endogenous regenerative mechanisms within the peripheral nervous system. In this short review we describe how stem cells isolated from adipose tissue could be a suitable element of this approach. We describe the possible mechanisms through which the stem cells might exert a positive influence on peripheral nerve regeneration. These include their ability to differentiate into cells resembling Schwann cells and their secretion of a plethora of neurotrophic growth factors. We also review the literature describing the effects of these cells when tested using in vivo peripheral nerve injury models.
Collapse
|
44
|
Wakao S, Matsuse D, Dezawa M. Mesenchymal stem cells as a source of Schwann cells: their anticipated use in peripheral nerve regeneration. Cells Tissues Organs 2015; 200:31-41. [PMID: 25765009 DOI: 10.1159/000368188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells form myelin, sustain axons and provide the microenvironment for nerve fibers, thereby playing a key role in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Schwann cells also provide support for the damaged PNS by producing factors that strongly promote axonal regrowth and contribute to remyelination, which is crucial for the recovery of neural function. These advantages are not confined to the PNS and also apply to the central nervous system. Many diseases, including peripheral nerve injury, neuropathy, multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury, are targets for Schwann cell therapy. The collection of Schwann cells, however, causes new damage to other peripheral nerve segments. Furthermore, the doubling time of Schwann cells is not very fast, and thus adequate amounts of Schwann cells for clinical use cannot be collected within a reasonable amount of time. Mesenchymal stem cells, which are highly proliferative, are easily accessible from various types of mesenchymal tissues, such as the bone marrow, umbilical cord and fat tissue. Because these cells have the ability to cross oligolineage boundaries between mesodermal to ectodermal lineages, they are capable of differentiating into Schwann cells with step-by-step cytokine stimulation. In this review, we summarize the properties of mesenchymal stem cell-derived Schwann cells, which are comparable to authentic Schwann cells, and discuss future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Wakao
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Razavi S, Zarkesh-Esfahani H, Morshed M, Vaezifar S, Karbasi S, Golozar MA. Nanobiocomposite of poly(lactide-co-glycolide)/chitosan electrospun scaffold can promote proliferation and transdifferentiation of Schwann-like cells from human adipose-derived stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 103:2628-34. [PMID: 25614290 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The transdifferentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into Schwann-like cells on biocomposite scaffolds may be a critical issue in nerve regeneration medicine. In this study, tissue-engineered scaffold with chitosan (CS) nanopowders and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) was investigated for its potential Schwann cells (SCs) transdifferentiation. The differentiation of human ADSCs into S-like cells was induced with different CS content and direction of nanofibers on PLGA/CS scaffolds. Cell morphology and proliferation of differentiated cells were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay respectively. For assessment efficiency of transdifferentiation, the expression of SC markers (glial fibrillary acidic protein and S100), and myelinogenic marker (myelin basic protein) was investigated in different nanochitosan content and direction of nanofibers scaffolds, using immunocytochemistry technique. The nanochitosan can significantly promote cell proliferation of differentiated cells (p < 0.05). The mean percentage of S-like cells on greater CS content nanofibers scaffold was significantly higher than others (p < 0.05). In addition, the align orientation of nanofibers in scaffolds guided the differentiation of ADSCs toward myelinating S-like cells on the constructs. Overall, we found that high CS content and aligned-orientation of nanofibers in biocomposite scaffold (70/30A) can promote differentiation and myelinogenic capacity of S-like cells induced from human ADSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Razavi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 81744-176, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Morshed
- Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Vaezifar
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 81744-176, Iran.,Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Saeed Karbasi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 15875-4413, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Golozar
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Choudhery MS, Badowski M, Muise A, Pierce J, Harris DT. Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cell Utility Is Independent of Anatomical Harvest Site. Biores Open Access 2015; 4:131-45. [PMID: 26309790 PMCID: PMC4497709 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2014.0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the challenges for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is to obtain suitably large cell numbers for therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can easily be expanded in vitro to obtain large numbers of cells, but this approach may induce cellular senescence. The characteristics of cells are dependent on variables like age, body mass index (BMI), and disease conditions, however, and in the case of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs), anatomical harvest site is also an important variable that can affect the regenerative potential of isolated cells. We therefore had kept the parameters (age, BMI, disease conditions) constant in this study to specifically assess influence of anatomical sites of individual donors on utility of ASCs. Adipose tissue was obtained from multiple anatomical sites in individual donors, and viability and nucleated cell yield were determined. MSC frequency was enumerated using colony forming unit assay and cells were characterized by flow cytometry. Growth characteristics were determined by long-term population doubling analysis of each sample. Finally, MSCs were induced to undergo adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation. To validate the findings, these results were compared with similar single harvest sites from multiple individual patients. The results of the current study indicated that MSCs obtained from multiple harvest sites in a single donor have similar morphology and phenotype. All adipose depots in a single donor exhibited similar MSC yield, viability, frequency, and growth characteristics. Equivalent differentiation capacity into osteocytes, adipocytes, and chondrocytes was also observed. On the basis of results, we conclude that it is acceptable to combine MSCs obtained from various anatomical locations in a single donor to obtain suitably large cell numbers required for therapy, avoiding in vitro senescence and lengthy and expensive in vitro culturing and expansion steps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood S. Choudhery
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Advance Research Center of Biomedical Sciences, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Michael Badowski
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Angela Muise
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - John Pierce
- Aesthetic Surgery of Tucson, Tucson, Arizona
| | - David T. Harris
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- Address correspondence to: David T. Harris, PhD, Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, PO Box 245221, Tucson, AZ 85724, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Georgiou M, Golding JP, Loughlin AJ, Kingham PJ, Phillips JB. Engineered neural tissue with aligned, differentiated adipose-derived stem cells promotes peripheral nerve regeneration across a critical sized defect in rat sciatic nerve. Biomaterials 2014; 37:242-51. [PMID: 25453954 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells were isolated from rats and differentiated to a Schwann cell-like phenotype in vitro. The differentiated cells (dADSCs) underwent self-alignment in a tethered type-1 collagen gel, followed by stabilisation to generate engineered neural tissue (EngNT-dADSC). The pro-regenerative phenotype of dADSCs was enhanced by this process, and the columns of aligned dADSCs in the aligned collagen matrix supported and guided neurite extension in vitro. EngNT-dADSC sheets were rolled to form peripheral nerve repair constructs that were implanted within NeuraWrap conduits to bridge a 15 mm gap in rat sciatic nerve. After 8 weeks regeneration was assessed using immunofluorescence imaging and transmission electron microscopy and compared to empty conduit and nerve graft controls. The proportion of axons detected in the distal stump was 3.5 fold greater in constructs containing EngNT-dADSC than empty tube controls. Our novel combination of technologies that can organise autologous therapeutic cells within an artificial tissue construct provides a promising new cellular biomaterial for peripheral nerve repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Georgiou
- Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, Bernard Katz Building, University College London, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, UK; Department of Life Health & Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Jon P Golding
- Department of Life Health & Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Alison J Loughlin
- Department of Life Health & Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Paul J Kingham
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, SE 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - James B Phillips
- Department of Life Health & Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK; Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Faroni A, Smith RJ, Reid AJ. Adipose derived stem cells and nerve regeneration. Neural Regen Res 2014; 9:1341-6. [PMID: 25221589 PMCID: PMC4160863 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.137585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Injuries to peripheral nerves are common and cause life-changing problems for patients alongside high social and health care costs for society. Current clinical treatment of peripheral nerve injuries predominantly relies on sacrificing a section of nerve from elsewhere in the body to provide a graft at the injury site. Much work has been done to develop a bioengineered nerve graft, precluding sacrifice of a functional nerve. Stem cells are prime candidates as accelerators of regeneration in these nerve grafts. This review examines the potential of adipose-derived stem cells to improve nerve repair assisted by bioengineered nerve grafts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Faroni
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Richard Jp Smith
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Adam J Reid
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK ; Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Tse KH, Novikov LN, Wiberg M, Kingham PJ. Intrinsic mechanisms underlying the neurotrophic activity of adipose derived stem cells. Exp Cell Res 2014; 331:142-151. [PMID: 25193075 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Adipose derived stem cells (ADSC) can be differentiated into Schwann cell-like cells which enhance nerve function and regeneration. However, the signalling mechanisms underlying the neurotrophic potential of ADSC remain largely unknown. In this study, we hypothesised that ADSC, upon stimulation with a combination of growth factors, could rapidly produce brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) with a similar molecular mechanism to that functioning in the nervous system. Within 48 h of stimulation, ADSC demonstrated potent neurotrophic effects on dorsal root ganglion neurons, at a magnitude equivalent to that of the longer term differentiated Schwann cell-like cells. Stimulated ADSC showed rapid up-regulation of the neuronal activity dependent promoter BDNF exon IV along with an augmented expression of full length protein encoding BDNF exon IX. BDNF protein was secreted at a concentration similar to that produced by differentiated Schwann cell-like cells. Stimulation also activated the BDNF expression gating transcription factor, cAMP responsive element binding (CREB) protein. However, blocking phosphorylation of CREB with the protein kinase A small molecule inhibitor H89 did not suppress secretion of BDNF protein. These results suggest rapid BDNF production in ADSC is mediated through multiple compensatory pathways independent of, or in addition to, the CREB neuronal activation cascade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Hei Tse
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section of Anatomy, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lev N Novikov
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section of Anatomy, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mikael Wiberg
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section of Anatomy, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden; Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Section of Hand & Plastic Surgery, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Paul J Kingham
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section of Anatomy, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Acute in vivo response to an alternative implant for urogynecology. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:853610. [PMID: 25136633 PMCID: PMC4124768 DOI: 10.1155/2014/853610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Purpose. To investigate in vivo the acute host response to an alternative implant designed for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Methods. A biodegradable scaffold was produced from poly-L-lactic acid (PLA) using the electrospinning technique. Human and rat adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were isolated and characterized by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and differentiation assays. PLA scaffolds were seeded and cultured for 2 weeks with human or rat ADSCs. Scaffolds with and without human or rat ADSCs were implanted subcutaneously on the abdominal wall of rats. After 3 and 7 days, 6 animals from each group were sacrificed. Sections from each sample were analyzed by Haematoxylin and Eosin staining, Sirius red staining, and immunohistochemistry for CD68, PECAM-1, and collagen I and III. Results. Animals responded to the scaffolds with an acute macrophage response. After 7 days of implantation, there was extensive host cell penetration, new blood vessel formation, and new collagen deposition throughout the full thickness of the samples without obvious differences between cell-containing and cell-free scaffolds. Conclusions. The acute in vivo response to an alternative implant (both with and without cells) for the treatment of SUI and POP showed good acute integration into the host tissues.
Collapse
|