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Balgova E, Diveica V, Jackson RL, Binney RJ. Overlapping neural correlates underpin theory of mind and semantic cognition: Evidence from a meta-analysis of 344 functional neuroimaging studies. Neuropsychologia 2024; 200:108904. [PMID: 38759780 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Key unanswered questions for cognitive neuroscience include whether social cognition is underpinned by specialised brain regions and to what extent it simultaneously depends on more domain-general systems. Until we glean a better understanding of the full set of contributions made by various systems, theories of social cognition will remain fundamentally limited. In the present study, we evaluate a recent proposal that semantic cognition plays a crucial role in supporting social cognition. While previous brain-based investigations have focused on dissociating these two systems, our primary aim was to assess the degree to which the neural correlates are overlapping, particularly within two key regions, the anterior temporal lobe (ATL) and the temporoparietal junction (TPJ). We focus on activation associated with theory of mind (ToM) and adopt a meta-analytic activation likelihood approach to synthesise a large set of functional neuroimaging studies and compare their results with studies of semantic cognition. As a key consideration, we sought to account for methodological differences across the two sets of studies, including the fact that ToM studies tend to use nonverbal stimuli while the semantics literature is dominated by language-based tasks. Overall, we observed consistent overlap between the two sets of brain regions, especially in the ATL and TPJ. This supports the claim that tasks involving ToM draw upon more general semantic retrieval processes. We also identified activation specific to ToM in the right TPJ, bilateral anterior mPFC, and right precuneus. This is consistent with the view that, nested amongst more domain-general systems, there is specialised circuitry that is tuned to social processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Balgova
- Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychology, Bangor University, Gwynedd, Wales, UK; Department of Psychology, Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion, Wales, UK
| | - Veronica Diveica
- Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychology, Bangor University, Gwynedd, Wales, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rebecca L Jackson
- Department of Psychology & York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
| | - Richard J Binney
- Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychology, Bangor University, Gwynedd, Wales, UK.
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Han Y, Jing Y, Shi Y, Mo H, Wan Y, Zhou H, Deng F. The role of language-related functional brain regions and white matter tracts in network plasticity of post-stroke aphasia. J Neurol 2024; 271:3095-3115. [PMID: 38607432 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12358-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The neural mechanisms underlying language recovery after a stroke remain controversial. This review aimed to summarize the plasticity and reorganization mechanisms of the language network through neuroimaging studies. Initially, we discussed the involvement of right language homologues, perilesional tissue, and domain-general networks. Subsequently, we summarized the white matter functional mapping and remodeling mechanisms associated with language subskills. Finally, we explored how non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) promoted language recovery by inducing neural network plasticity. It was observed that the recruitment of right hemisphere language area homologues played a pivotal role in the early stages of frontal post-stroke aphasia (PSA), particularly in patients with larger lesions. Perilesional plasticity correlated with improved speech performance and prognosis. The domain-general networks could respond to increased "effort" in a task-dependent manner from the top-down when the downstream language network was impaired. Fluency, repetition, comprehension, naming, and reading skills exhibited overlapping and unique dual-pathway functional mapping models. In the acute phase, the structural remodeling of white matter tracts became challenging, with recovery predominantly dependent on cortical activation. Similar to the pattern of cortical activation, during the subacute and chronic phases, improvements in language functions depended, respectively, on the remodeling of right white matter tracts and the restoration of left-lateralized language structural network patterns. Moreover, the midline superior frontal gyrus/dorsal anterior cingulate cortex emerged as a promising target for NIBS. These findings offered theoretical insights for the early personalized treatment of aphasia after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Han
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jing
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanmin Shi
- Health Management (Physical Examination) Center, The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongbin Mo
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yafei Wan
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Fang Deng
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Timofeeva P, Finisguerra A, D’Argenio G, García AM, Carreiras M, Quiñones I, Urgesi C, Amoruso L. Switching off: disruptive TMS reveals distinct contributions of the posterior middle temporal gyrus and angular gyrus to bilingual speech production. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae188. [PMID: 38741267 PMCID: PMC11090997 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of the left temporoparietal cortex in speech production has been extensively studied during native language processing, proving crucial in controlled lexico-semantic retrieval under varying cognitive demands. Yet, its role in bilinguals, fluent in both native and second languages, remains poorly understood. Here, we employed continuous theta burst stimulation to disrupt neural activity in the left posterior middle-temporal gyrus (pMTG) and angular gyrus (AG) while Italian-Friulian bilinguals performed a cued picture-naming task. The task involved between-language (naming objects in Italian or Friulian) and within-language blocks (naming objects ["knife"] or associated actions ["cut"] in a single language) in which participants could either maintain (non-switch) or change (switch) instructions based on cues. During within-language blocks, cTBS over the pMTG entailed faster naming for high-demanding switch trials, while cTBS to the AG elicited slower latencies in low-demanding non-switch trials. No cTBS effects were observed in the between-language block. Our findings suggest a causal involvement of the left pMTG and AG in lexico-semantic processing across languages, with distinct contributions to controlled vs. "automatic" retrieval, respectively. However, they do not support the existence of shared control mechanisms within and between language(s) production. Altogether, these results inform neurobiological models of semantic control in bilinguals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Timofeeva
- BCBL, Basque Center on Cognition, Brain, and Language (BCBL), Paseo Mikeletegi 69, 2nd floor, 20009 San Sebastian, Spain
- Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Doctoral School, 48940, Sarriena s/n, Leioa, Spain
| | - Alessandra Finisguerra
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Via Cialdini 29, 33037, Pasian di Prato, UD, Italy
| | - Giulia D’Argenio
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Via Margreth 3, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Adolfo M García
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), University of San Andres, Vito Dumas 284, B1644 BID, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California, Parnassus 513, CA 94143, San Franscisco, United States & Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, D02X9W9, Ireland
- Departamento de Lingüística y Literatura, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador B. O'Higgins 3363, 9170022, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Manuel Carreiras
- BCBL, Basque Center on Cognition, Brain, and Language (BCBL), Paseo Mikeletegi 69, 2nd floor, 20009 San Sebastian, Spain
- Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Doctoral School, 48940, Sarriena s/n, Leioa, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ileana Quiñones
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009, Bilbao, Spain
- Neurosciences Department, BioGipuzkoa Health Research Institute, Paseo Dr. Begiristain s/n, 20014, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Cosimo Urgesi
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Via Cialdini 29, 33037, Pasian di Prato, UD, Italy
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Via Margreth 3, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Lucia Amoruso
- BCBL, Basque Center on Cognition, Brain, and Language (BCBL), Paseo Mikeletegi 69, 2nd floor, 20009 San Sebastian, Spain
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), University of San Andres, Vito Dumas 284, B1644 BID, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009, Bilbao, Spain
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Liuzzi AG, Meersmans K, Peeters R, De Deyne S, Dupont P, Vandenberghe R. Semantic representations in inferior frontal and lateral temporal cortex during picture naming, reading, and repetition. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26603. [PMID: 38339900 PMCID: PMC10836176 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Reading, naming, and repetition are classical neuropsychological tasks widely used in the clinic and psycholinguistic research. While reading and repetition can be accomplished by following a direct or an indirect route, pictures can be named only by means of semantic mediation. By means of fMRI multivariate pattern analysis, we evaluated whether this well-established fundamental difference at the cognitive level is associated at the brain level with a difference in the degree to which semantic representations are activated during these tasks. Semantic similarity between words was estimated based on a word association model. Twenty subjects participated in an event-related fMRI study where the three tasks were presented in pseudo-random order. Linear discriminant analysis of fMRI patterns identified a set of regions that allow to discriminate between words at a high level of word-specificity across tasks. Representational similarity analysis was used to determine whether semantic similarity was represented in these regions and whether this depended on the task performed. The similarity between neural patterns of the left Brodmann area 45 (BA45) and of the superior portion of the left supramarginal gyrus correlated with the similarity in meaning between entities during picture naming. In both regions, no significant effects were seen for repetition or reading. The semantic similarity effect during picture naming was significantly larger than the similarity effect during the two other tasks. In contrast, several regions including left anterior superior temporal gyrus and left ventral BA44/frontal operculum, among others, coded for semantic similarity in a task-independent manner. These findings provide new evidence for the dynamic, task-dependent nature of semantic representations in the left BA45 and a more task-independent nature of the representational activation in the lateral temporal cortex and ventral BA44/frontal operculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Gabriella Liuzzi
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of NeurosciencesLeuven Brain Institute, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Karen Meersmans
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of NeurosciencesLeuven Brain Institute, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Ronald Peeters
- Radiology DepartmentUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Simon De Deyne
- School of Psychological SciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Patrick Dupont
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of NeurosciencesLeuven Brain Institute, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of NeurosciencesLeuven Brain Institute, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Neurology DepartmentUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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Mhanna A, Bruss J, Sullivan AW, Howard MA, Tranel D, Boes AD. Anterolateral temporal lobe localization of dysnomia after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.09.18.23295718. [PMID: 37790577 PMCID: PMC10543244 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.18.23295718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate what factors influence naming ability after temporal lobectomy in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Methods 85 participants with drug-resistant epilepsy who underwent temporal lobe (TL) resective surgery were retrospectively identified (49 left TL and 36 right TL). Naming ability was assessed before and >3 months post-surgery using the Boston Naming Test (BNT).Multivariate lesion-symptom mapping was performed to evaluate whether lesion location related to naming deficits. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine if other patient characteristics were significantly associated with pre-to post-surgery changes in naming ability. Results Lesion laterality and location were important predictors of post-surgical naming performance. Naming performance significantly improved after right temporal lobectomy ( p = 0.015) while a decrement in performance was observed following left temporal lobectomy ( p = 0.002). Lesion-symptom mapping showed the decline in naming performance was associated with surgical resection of the anterior left middle temporal gyrus (Brodmann area 21, r =0.41, p = <.001). For left hemisphere surgery, later onset of epilepsy was associated with a greater reduction in post-surgical naming performance ( p = 0.01). Significance There is a wide range of variability in outcomes for naming ability after temporal lobectomy, from significant improvements to decrements observed. If future studies support the association of left anterior middle temporal gyrus resection and impaired naming this may help in surgical planning and discussions of prognosis.
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Simic T, Desjardins MÈ, Courson M, Bedetti C, Houzé B, Brambati SM. Treatment-induced neuroplasticity after anomia therapy in post-stroke aphasia: A systematic review of neuroimaging studies. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2023; 244:105300. [PMID: 37633250 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2023.105300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
We systematically reviewed the literature on neural changes following anomia treatment post-stroke. We conducted electronic searches of CINAHL, Cochrane Trials, Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, MEDLINE-in-Process and PsycINFO databases; two independent raters assessed all abstracts and full texts. Accepted studies reported original data on adults with post-stroke aphasia, who received behavioural treatment for anomia, and magnetic resonance brain imaging (MRI) pre- and post-treatment. Search results yielded 2481 citations; 33 studies were accepted. Most studies employed functional MRI and the quality of reporting neuroimaging methodology was variable, particularly for pre-processing steps and statistical analyses. The most methodologically robust data were synthesized, focusing on pre- versus post-treatment contrasts. Studies more commonly reported increases (versus decreases) in activation following naming therapy, primarily in the left supramarginal gyrus, and left/bilateral precunei. Our findings highlight the methodological heterogeneity across MRI studies, and the paucity of robust evidence demonstrating direct links between brain and behaviour in anomia rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijana Simic
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), 4545 Queen Mary R.d., Montréal, QC H3W 1W4, Canada; Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, 90 Vincent-d'Indy Avenue, Montréal, QC H2V 2S9, Canada; Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal (HSCM), 5400 Boul Gouin O, Montréal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada.
| | - Marie-Ève Desjardins
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), 4545 Queen Mary R.d., Montréal, QC H3W 1W4, Canada; Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, 90 Vincent-d'Indy Avenue, Montréal, QC H2V 2S9, Canada; Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal (HSCM), 5400 Boul Gouin O, Montréal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
| | - Melody Courson
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), 4545 Queen Mary R.d., Montréal, QC H3W 1W4, Canada; Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, 90 Vincent-d'Indy Avenue, Montréal, QC H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Christophe Bedetti
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), 4545 Queen Mary R.d., Montréal, QC H3W 1W4, Canada
| | - Bérengère Houzé
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), 4545 Queen Mary R.d., Montréal, QC H3W 1W4, Canada; Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, 90 Vincent-d'Indy Avenue, Montréal, QC H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Simona Maria Brambati
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), 4545 Queen Mary R.d., Montréal, QC H3W 1W4, Canada; Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, 90 Vincent-d'Indy Avenue, Montréal, QC H2V 2S9, Canada; Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal (HSCM), 5400 Boul Gouin O, Montréal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
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Carota F, Schoffelen JM, Oostenveld R, Indefrey P. Parallel or sequential? Decoding conceptual and phonological/phonetic information from MEG signals during language production. Cogn Neuropsychol 2023; 40:298-317. [PMID: 38105574 DOI: 10.1080/02643294.2023.2283239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Speaking requires the temporally coordinated planning of core linguistic information, from conceptual meaning to articulation. Recent neurophysiological results suggested that these operations involve a cascade of neural events with subsequent onset times, whilst competing evidence suggests early parallel neural activation. To test these hypotheses, we examined the sources of neuromagnetic activity recorded from 34 participants overtly naming 134 images from 4 object categories (animals, tools, foods and clothes). Within each category, word length and phonological neighbourhood density were co-varied to target phonological/phonetic processes. Multivariate pattern analyses (MVPA) searchlights in source space decoded object categories in occipitotemporal and middle temporal cortex, and phonological/phonetic variables in left inferior frontal (BA 44) and motor cortex early on. The findings suggest early activation of multiple variables due to intercorrelated properties and interactivity of processing, thus raising important questions about the representational properties of target words during the preparatory time enabling overt speaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Carota
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Mathijs Schoffelen
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Oostenveld
- Donders Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- NatMEG, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Indefrey
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institut für Sprache und Information, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Gullsvåg M, Rodríguez-Aranda C. Effects of verbal tasks with varying difficulty on real-time respiratory airflow during speech generation in healthy young adults. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1150354. [PMID: 37397319 PMCID: PMC10309038 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1150354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Respiratory function is linked to sensory, affective, and cognitive processes and it is affected by environmental constraints such as cognitive demands. It is suggested that specific cognitive processes, such as working memory or executive functioning, may impact breathing. In turn, various lines of research have suggested a link between peak expiratory airflow (PEF) and cognitive function. However, there is scarce experimental support to the above assertions, especially regarding spoken language. Therefore, the present investigation aims to evaluate whether breathing varies as a function of performing verbal naming tasks with different difficulty levels. Methods Thirty healthy young adults, (age M = 25.37 years), participated in the study. Participants were required to perform aloud five verbal tasks ranged in order of difficulty: Reading single words, reading a text passage, object naming, semantic and phonemic fluency. A pneumotachograph mask was employed to acquire simultaneously the verbal responses, and three airflow parameters: Duration, peak, and volume at both stages of the respiratory cycle (i.e., inspiration/expiration). Data were analyzed with one-way repeated measures MANOVA. Results No significant differences were found between reading single words and object naming. In comparison, distinctive airflow requirements were found for reading a text passage, which were proportionally related to number of pronounced words. Though, the main finding of the study concerns the data on verbal fluency tasks, which not only entailed higher inhaled airflow resources but also a significant PEF. Conclusion Our data demonstrated that the most difficult tasks, namely semantic and phonemic verbal fluencies, relying on semantic search, executive function, and fast lexical retrieval of words were those requiring important amount of inhaled airflow and displaying a high peak expiratory airflow. The present findings demonstrated for the first time a direct association between complex verbal tasks and PEF. Inconclusive data related to object naming and reading single words are discussed in light of the methodological challenges inherent to the assessment of speech breathing and cognition in this line of investigation.
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Semantic cognition in healthy ageing: Neural signatures of representation and control mechanisms in naming typical and atypical objects. Neuropsychologia 2023; 184:108545. [PMID: 36934809 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Effective use of conceptual knowledge engages semantic representation and control processes to access information in a goal-driven manner. Neuropsychological findings of patients presenting either degraded knowledge (e.g., semantic dementia) or disrupted control (e.g., semantic aphasia) converge with neuroimaging evidence from young adults, and delineate the neural segregation of representation and control mechanisms. However, there is still scarce research on the neurofunctional underpinnings of such mechanisms in healthy ageing. To address this, we conducted an fMRI study, wherein young and older adults performed a covert naming task of typical and atypical objects. Three main age-related differences were found. As shown by age group and typicality interactions, older adults exhibited overactivation during naming of atypical (e.g., avocado) relative to typical concepts in brain regions associated to semantic representation, including anterior and medial portions of left temporal lobe (respectively, ATL and MTG). This provides evidence for the reorganization of neural activity in these brain regions contingent to the enrichment of semantic repositories in older ages. The medial orbitofrontal gyrus was also overactivated, indicating that the processing of atypical concepts (relative to typical items) taxes additional control resources in the elderly. Increased activation in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) was observed in naming typical items (relative to atypical ones), but only for young adults. This suggests that naming typical items (e.g., strawberry) taxes more on control processes in younger ages, presumably due to the semantic competition set by other items that share multiple features with the target (e.g., raspberry, blackberry, cherry). Together, these results reveal the dynamic nature of semantic control interplaying with conceptual representations as people grow older, by indicating that distinct neural bases uphold semantic performance from young to older ages. These findings may be explained by neural compensation mechanisms coming into play to support neurocognitive changes in healthy ageing.
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Functional neuroanatomy of lexical access in contextually and visually guided spoken word production. Cortex 2023; 159:254-267. [PMID: 36641964 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lexical access is commonly studied using bare picture naming, which is visually guided, but in real-life conversation, lexical access is more commonly contextually guided. In this fMRI study, we examined the underlying functional neuroanatomy of contextually and visually guided lexical access, and its consistency across sessions. We employed a context-driven picture naming task with fifteen healthy speakers reading incomplete sentences (word-by-word) and subsequently naming the picture depicting the final word. Sentences provided either a constrained or unconstrained lead-in setting for the picture to be named, thereby approximating lexical access in natural language use. The picture name could be planned either through sentence context (constrained) or picture appearance (unconstrained). This procedure was repeated in an equivalent second session two to four weeks later with the same sample to test for test-retest consistency. Picture naming times showed a strong context effect, confirming that constrained sentences speed up production of the final word depicted as an image. fMRI results showed that the areas common to contextually and visually guided lexical access were left fusiform and left inferior frontal gyrus (both consistently active across-sessions), and middle temporal gyrus. However, non-overlapping patterns were also found, notably in the left temporal and parietal cortices, suggesting a different neural circuit for contextually versus visually guided lexical access.
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11
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Lin J, Zhang L, Guo R, Jiao S, Song X, Feng S, Wang K, Li M, Luo Y, Han Z. The influence of visual deprivation on the development of the thalamocortical network: Evidence from congenitally blind children and adults. Neuroimage 2022; 264:119722. [PMID: 36323383 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The thalamus is heavily involved in relaying sensory signals to the cerebral cortex. A relevant issue is how the deprivation of congenital visual sensory information modulates the development of the thalamocortical network. The answer is unclear because previous studies on this topic did not investigate network development, structure-function combinations, and cognition-related behaviors in the same study. To overcome these limitations, we recruited 30 congenitally blind subjects (8 children, 22 adults) and 31 sighted subjects (10 children, 21 adults), and conducted multiple analyses [i.e., gray matter volume (GMV) analysis using the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) method, resting-state functional connectivity (FC), and brain-behavior correlation]. We found that congenital blindness elicited significant changes in the development of GMV in visual and somatosensory thalamic regions. Blindness also resulted in significant changes in the development of FC between somatosensory thalamic regions and visual cortical regions as well as advanced information processing regions. Moreover, the somatosensory thalamic regions and their FCs with visual cortical regions were reorganized to process high-level tactile language information in blind individuals. These findings provide a refined understanding of the neuroanatomical and functional plasticity of the thalamocortical network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Linjun Zhang
- School of Chinese as a Second Language, Peking University, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Runhua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Saiyi Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaomeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Suting Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yudan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zaizhu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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12
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Jarret J, Ferré P, Chedid G, Bedetti C, Bore A, Joanette Y, Rouleau I, Maria Brambati S. Functional network and structural connections involved in picture naming. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2022; 231:105146. [PMID: 35709592 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2022.105146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We mapped the left hemisphere cortical regions and fiber bundles involved in picture naming in adults by integrating task-based fMRI with dMRI tractography. We showed that a ventral pathway that "maps image and sound to meaning" involves the middle occipital, inferior temporal, superior temporal, inferior frontal gyri, and the temporal pole where a signal exchange is made possible by the inferior fronto-occipital, inferior longitudinal, middle longitudinal, uncinate fasciculi, and the extreme capsule. A dorsal pathway that "maps sound to speech" implicates the inferior temporal, superior temporal, inferior frontal, precentral gyri, and the supplementary motor area where the arcuate fasciculus and the frontal aslant ensure intercommunication. This study provides a neurocognitive model of picture naming and supports the hypothesis that the ventral indirect route passes through the temporal pole. This further supports the idea that the inferior and superior temporal gyri may play pivotal roles within the dual-stream framework of language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Jarret
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Perrine Ferré
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Georges Chedid
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Christophe Bedetti
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Arnaud Bore
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Yves Joanette
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Rouleau
- Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM), QC, Canada
| | - Simona Maria Brambati
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada.
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13
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Caciagli L, Paquola C, He X, Vollmar C, Centeno M, Wandschneider B, Braun U, Trimmel K, Vos SB, Sidhu MK, Thompson PJ, Baxendale S, Winston GP, Duncan JS, Bassett DS, Koepp MJ, Bernhardt BC. Disorganization of language and working memory systems in frontal versus temporal lobe epilepsy. Brain 2022; 146:935-953. [PMID: 35511160 PMCID: PMC9976988 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a common comorbidity of epilepsy and adversely impacts people with both frontal lobe (FLE) and temporal lobe (TLE) epilepsy. While its neural substrates have been investigated extensively in TLE, functional imaging studies in FLE are scarce. In this study, we profiled the neural processes underlying cognitive impairment in FLE and directly compared FLE and TLE to establish commonalities and differences. We investigated 172 adult participants (56 with FLE, 64 with TLE and 52 controls) using neuropsychological tests and four functional MRI tasks probing expressive language (verbal fluency, verb generation) and working memory (verbal and visuo-spatial). Patient groups were comparable in disease duration and anti-seizure medication load. We devised a multiscale approach to map brain activation and deactivation during cognition and track reorganization in FLE and TLE. Voxel-based analyses were complemented with profiling of task effects across established motifs of functional brain organization: (i) canonical resting-state functional systems; and (ii) the principal functional connectivity gradient, which encodes a continuous transition of regional connectivity profiles, anchoring lower-level sensory and transmodal brain areas at the opposite ends of a spectrum. We show that cognitive impairment in FLE is associated with reduced activation across attentional and executive systems, as well as reduced deactivation of the default mode system, indicative of a large-scale disorganization of task-related recruitment. The imaging signatures of dysfunction in FLE are broadly similar to those in TLE, but some patterns are syndrome-specific: altered default-mode deactivation is more prominent in FLE, while impaired recruitment of posterior language areas during a task with semantic demands is more marked in TLE. Functional abnormalities in FLE and TLE appear overall modulated by disease load. On balance, our study elucidates neural processes underlying language and working memory impairment in FLE, identifies shared and syndrome-specific alterations in the two most common focal epilepsies and sheds light on system behaviour that may be amenable to future remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Caciagli
- Correspondence to: Lorenzo Caciagli, MD, PhD Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania, 240 Skirkanich Hall 210 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA E-mail: ;
| | - Casey Paquola
- Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Xiaosong He
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Christian Vollmar
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK,MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society,Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire SL9 0RJ, UK,Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Centeno
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK,MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society,Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire SL9 0RJ, UK,Epilepsy Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Britta Wandschneider
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK,MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society,Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire SL9 0RJ, UK
| | - Urs Braun
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Karin Trimmel
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK,MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society,Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire SL9 0RJ, UK,Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sjoerd B Vos
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK,MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society,Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire SL9 0RJ, UK,Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK,Neuroradiological Academic Unit, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Meneka K Sidhu
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK,MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society,Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire SL9 0RJ, UK
| | - Pamela J Thompson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK,MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society,Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire SL9 0RJ, UK
| | - Sallie Baxendale
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK,MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society,Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire SL9 0RJ, UK
| | - Gavin P Winston
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK,MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society,Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire SL9 0RJ, UK,Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - John S Duncan
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK,MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society,Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire SL9 0RJ, UK
| | - Dani S Bassett
- Correspondence may also be addressed to: Dani S. Bassett, PhD E-mail:
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14
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Kasdan AV, Burgess AN, Pizzagalli F, Scartozzi A, Chern A, Kotz SA, Wilson SM, Gordon RL. Identifying a brain network for musical rhythm: A functional neuroimaging meta-analysis and systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 136:104588. [PMID: 35259422 PMCID: PMC9195154 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 30 functional magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating processing of musical rhythms in neurotypical adults. First, we identified a general network for musical rhythm, encompassing all relevant sensory and motor processes (Beat-based, rest baseline, 12 contrasts) which revealed a large network involving auditory and motor regions. This network included the bilateral superior temporal cortices, supplementary motor area (SMA), putamen, and cerebellum. Second, we identified more precise loci for beat-based musical rhythms (Beat-based, audio-motor control, 8 contrasts) in the bilateral putamen. Third, we identified regions modulated by beat based rhythmic complexity (Complexity, 16 contrasts) which included the bilateral SMA-proper/pre-SMA, cerebellum, inferior parietal regions, and right temporal areas. This meta-analysis suggests that musical rhythm is largely represented in a bilateral cortico-subcortical network. Our findings align with existing theoretical frameworks about auditory-motor coupling to a musical beat and provide a foundation for studying how the neural bases of musical rhythm may overlap with other cognitive domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Kasdan
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Curb Center for Art, Enterprise, and Public Policy, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Andrea N Burgess
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Alyssa Scartozzi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alexander Chern
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center and Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sonja A Kotz
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephen M Wilson
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Reyna L Gordon
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Curb Center for Art, Enterprise, and Public Policy, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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15
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Isella V, Rosazza C, Ferri F, Gazzotti M, Impagnatiello V, Mapelli C, Morzenti S, Crivellaro C, Appollonio IM, Ferrarese C. Learning From Mistakes: Cognitive and Metabolic Correlates of Errors on Picture Naming in the Alzheimer’s Disease Spectrum. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 87:1033-1053. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-220053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background: Analysis of subtypes of picture naming errors produced by patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have seldom been investigated yet may clarify the cognitive and neural underpinnings of naming in the AD spectrum. Objective: To elucidate the neurocognitive bases of picture naming in AD through a qualitative analysis of errors. Methods: Over 1000 naming errors produced by 70 patients with amnestic, visuospatial, linguistic, or frontal AD were correlated with general cognitive tests and with distribution of hypometabolism on FDG-PET. Results: Principal component analysis identified 1) a Visual processing factor clustering visuospatial tests and unrecognized stimuli, pure visual errors and visual-semantic errors, associated with right parieto-occipital hypometabolism; 2) a Concept-Lemma factor grouping language tests and anomias, circumlocutions, superordinates, and coordinates, correlated with left basal temporal hypometabolism; 3) a Lemma-Phonology factor including the digit span and phonological errors, linked with left temporo-parietal hypometabolism. Regression of brain metabolism on individual errors showed that errors due to impairment of basic and higher-order processing of object visual attributes or of their interaction with semantics, were related with bilateral occipital and left occipito-temporal dysfunction. Omissions and superordinates were linked to degradation of broad and basic concepts in the left basal temporal cortex. Semantic-lexical errors derived from faulty semantically- and phonologically-driven lexical retrieval in the left superior and middle temporal gyri. Generation of nonwords was underpinned by of phonological impairment within the left inferior parietal cortex. Conclusion: Analysis of individual naming errors allowed to outline a comprehensive anatomo-functional model of picture naming in classical and atypical AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Isella
- Department of Neurology, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, University of Milano - Bicocca, Italy
- NeuroMI, University of Milano - Bicocca, Italy
| | - Cristina Rosazza
- Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici (DISTUM), Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferri
- Department of Neurology, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, University of Milano - Bicocca, Italy
- NeuroMI, University of Milano - Bicocca, Italy
| | - Maria Gazzotti
- Department of Neurology, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, University of Milano - Bicocca, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Mapelli
- Department of Neurology, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, University of Milano - Bicocca, Italy
- NeuroMI, University of Milano - Bicocca, Italy
| | - Sabrina Morzenti
- Medical Physics, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
- NeuroMI, University of Milano - Bicocca, Italy
| | - Cinzia Crivellaro
- Nuclear Medicine, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
- NeuroMI, University of Milano - Bicocca, Italy
| | - Ildebrando M. Appollonio
- Department of Neurology, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, University of Milano - Bicocca, Italy
- NeuroMI, University of Milano - Bicocca, Italy
| | - Carlo Ferrarese
- Department of Neurology, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, University of Milano - Bicocca, Italy
- NeuroMI, University of Milano - Bicocca, Italy
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16
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Geng S, Molinaro N, Timofeeva P, Quiñones I, Carreiras M, Amoruso L. Oscillatory dynamics underlying noun and verb production in highly proficient bilinguals. Sci Rep 2022; 12:764. [PMID: 35031665 PMCID: PMC8760282 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04737-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Words representing objects (nouns) and words representing actions (verbs) are essential components of speech across languages. While there is evidence regarding the organizational principles governing neural representation of nouns and verbs in monolingual speakers, little is known about how this knowledge is represented in the bilingual brain. To address this gap, we recorded neuromagnetic signals while highly proficient Spanish-Basque bilinguals performed a picture-naming task and tracked the brain oscillatory dynamics underlying this process. We found theta (4-8 Hz) power increases and alpha-beta (8-25 Hz) power decreases irrespectively of the category and language at use in a time window classically associated to the controlled retrieval of lexico-semantic information. When comparing nouns and verbs within each language, we found theta power increases for verbs as compared to nouns in bilateral visual cortices and cognitive control areas including the left SMA and right middle temporal gyrus. In addition, stronger alpha-beta power decreases were observed for nouns as compared to verbs in visual cortices and semantic-related regions such as the left anterior temporal lobe and right premotor cortex. No differences were observed between categories across languages. Overall, our results suggest that noun and verb processing recruit partially different networks during speech production but that these category-based representations are similarly processed in the bilingual brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Geng
- grid.423986.20000 0004 0536 1366Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), 20009 San Sebastian, Spain ,grid.11480.3c0000000121671098University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48940 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Nicola Molinaro
- grid.423986.20000 0004 0536 1366Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), 20009 San Sebastian, Spain ,grid.424810.b0000 0004 0467 2314IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Polina Timofeeva
- grid.423986.20000 0004 0536 1366Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), 20009 San Sebastian, Spain ,grid.11480.3c0000000121671098University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48940 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ileana Quiñones
- grid.423986.20000 0004 0536 1366Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), 20009 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Manuel Carreiras
- grid.423986.20000 0004 0536 1366Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), 20009 San Sebastian, Spain ,grid.424810.b0000 0004 0467 2314IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain ,grid.11480.3c0000000121671098University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48940 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Lucia Amoruso
- Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), 20009, San Sebastian, Spain. .,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009, Bilbao, Spain.
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17
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Truzman T, Rochon E, Meltzer J, Leonard C, Bitan T. Simultaneous Normalization and Compensatory Changes in Right Hemisphere Connectivity during Aphasia Therapy. Brain Sci 2021; 11:1330. [PMID: 34679395 PMCID: PMC8534113 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11101330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in brain connectivity during language therapy were examined among participants with aphasia (PWA), aiming to shed light on neural reorganization in the language network. Four PWA with anomia following left hemisphere stroke and eight healthy controls (HC) participated in the study. Two fMRI scans were administered to all participants with a 3.5-month interval. The fMRI scans included phonological and semantic tasks, each consisting of linguistic and perceptual matching conditions. Between the two fMRI scans, PWA underwent Phonological Components Analysis treatment. Changes in effective connectivity during the treatment were examined within right hemisphere (RH) architecture. The results illustrate that following the treatment, the averaged connectivity of PWA across all perceptual and linguistic conditions in both tasks increased resemblance to HC, reflecting the normalization of neural processes associated with silent object name retrieval. In contrast, connections that were specifically enhanced by the phonological condition in PWA decreased in their resemblance to HC, reflecting emerging compensatory reorganization in RH connectivity to support phonological processing. These findings suggest that both normalization and compensation play a role in neural language reorganization at the chronic stage, occurring simultaneously in the same brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammar Truzman
- Communication Sciences and Disorders Department and IIPDM, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
- The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Elizabeth Rochon
- Department of Speech Language Pathology and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada; (E.R.); (J.M.); (C.L.); (T.B.)
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehab, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada
| | - Jed Meltzer
- Department of Speech Language Pathology and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada; (E.R.); (J.M.); (C.L.); (T.B.)
- Psychology Department, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON M6A 2E1, Canada
| | - Carol Leonard
- Department of Speech Language Pathology and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada; (E.R.); (J.M.); (C.L.); (T.B.)
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Tali Bitan
- The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
- Department of Speech Language Pathology and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada; (E.R.); (J.M.); (C.L.); (T.B.)
- Psychology Department and IIPDM, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
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18
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Functional Activation and Connectivity of the Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus during Lexical and Phonological Retrieval. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13091655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Being language a paradigm of structural and functional asymmetry in cognitive processing, the left Inferior Frontal Gyrus has been consistently related to speech production. In fact, it has been considered a key node in cortical networks responsible for different components of naming. However, isolating these components (e.g., lexical, syntactic, and phonological retrieval) in neuroimaging studies is difficult due to the use of different baselines and tasks. In the present study, functional activation and connectivity of the left inferior frontal gyrus was explored using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Participants performed a covert naming task (pressing a button based on a phonological characteristic). Two conditions were compared: drawings of objects and single letters (baseline condition). Differences in activation and functional connectivity were obtained for objects and letters in different areas of the left Inferior Frontal Gyrus. The pars triangularis was involved in the retrieval of lexical-phonological information, showing a pattern of connectivity with temporal areas in the search for the name of objects and with perisylvanian areas for letters. Selection of phonological information seems to involve the pars opercularis both to letters and objects but recruiting supramarginal and superior temporal areas to letters, probably related to orthographic-phonological conversion. The results support the notion of the left Inferior Frontal Gyrus as a buffer forwarding neural information across cortical networks responsible for different components of speech production.
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19
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Kourtidou E, Kasselimis D, Angelopoulou G, Karavasilis E, Velonakis G, Kelekis N, Zalonis I, Evdokimidis I, Potagas C, Petrides M. The Role of the Right Hemisphere White Matter Tracts in Chronic Aphasic Patients After Damage of the Language Tracts in the Left Hemisphere. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:635750. [PMID: 34239424 PMCID: PMC8258417 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.635750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of the right hemisphere (RH) in language, and especially after aphasia resulting from left hemisphere (LH) lesions, has been recently highlighted. The present study investigates white matter structure in the right hemisphere of 25 chronic post-stroke aphasic patients after LH lesions in comparison with 24 healthy controls, focusing on the four cortico-cortical tracts that link posterior parietal and temporal language-related areas with Broca’s region in the inferior frontal gyrus of the LH: the Superior Longitudinal Fasciculi II and III (SLF II and SLF III), the Arcuate Fasciculus (AF), and the Temporo-Frontal extreme capsule Fasciculus (TFexcF). Additionally, the relationship of these RH white matter tracts to language performance was examined. The patients with post-stroke aphasia in the chronic phase and the healthy control participants underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) examination. The aphasic patients were assessed with standard aphasia tests. The results demonstrated increased axial diffusivity in the RH tracts of the aphasic patients. Patients were then divided according to the extent of the left hemisphere white matter loss. Correlations of language performance with radial diffusivity (RD) in the right hemisphere homologs of the tracts examined were demonstrated for the TFexcF, SLF III, and AF in the subgroup with limited damage to the LH language networks and only with the TFexcF in the subgroup with extensive damage. The results argue in favor of compensatory roles of the right hemisphere tracts in language functions when the LH networks are disrupted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evie Kourtidou
- Neuropsychology and Language Disorders Unit, Eginition Hospital, First Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kasselimis
- Neuropsychology and Language Disorders Unit, Eginition Hospital, First Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Angelopoulou
- Neuropsychology and Language Disorders Unit, Eginition Hospital, First Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstratios Karavasilis
- Second Department of Radiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General University Hospital "Attikon", Haidari, Greece
| | - Georgios Velonakis
- Second Department of Radiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General University Hospital "Attikon", Haidari, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kelekis
- Second Department of Radiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General University Hospital "Attikon", Haidari, Greece
| | - Ioannis Zalonis
- Eginition Hospital, Neuropsychological Laboratory, First Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Evdokimidis
- Neuropsychology and Language Disorders Unit, Eginition Hospital, First Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Constantin Potagas
- Neuropsychology and Language Disorders Unit, Eginition Hospital, First Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Petrides
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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20
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Moreh E, Zohary E, Orlov T. The presence of semantic content in a visual recognition memory task reduces the severity of neglect. Neuropsychologia 2021; 157:107860. [PMID: 33901565 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Patients with right hemisphere damage often show a lateral bias when asked to report the left side of mental images held in visual working memory (i.e. representational neglect). The neural basis of representational neglect is not well understood. One hypothesis suggests that it reflects a deficit in attentional-exploratory mechanisms, i.e. an inability to direct attention to the left side of the image. Another proposition states that intact visual working memory (VWM) is necessary for correctly creating a mental image. Here we examined two components of VWM in patients with unilateral spatial neglect (USN): memory for identity, and memory for spatial position. We manipulated the strength of memory representations by presenting two distinct categories of objects, in separate blocks. These were familiar namable objects (fruits, etc.), and unfamiliar abstract objects. The former category elicits stronger working-memory traces, thanks to preexisting visual and semantic representations in long-term memory. We hypothesized that if USN patients show a lateralized deficit in VWM, it should be more pronounced for abstract objects, due to their weaker working-memory traces. Importantly, to isolate a spatially lateralized deficit in memory from a failure to fully perceive the object-arrays, we ensured that all included patients perceived every item during the encoding phase. We used a working-memory task: participants viewed object arrays and had to memorize items' identities and spatial positions. Then, single objects were presented requiring 'old/new' recognition, and retrieval of 'old' items' original positions. Our results show a lateral bias in patients' recognition-memory performance. Remarkably, it was threefold milder for namable objects compared to abstract objects. We conclude that VWM lateralized deficit is substantial in USN patients and could play a role in representational neglect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elior Moreh
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel; Neurobiology Department, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
| | - Ehud Zohary
- Neurobiology Department, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel; The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Tanya Orlov
- Neurobiology Department, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel; The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
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21
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Tse NY, Chen Y, Irish M, Cordato NJ, Landin-Romero R, Hodges JR, Piguet O, Ahmed RM. Cerebellar contributions to cognition in corticobasal syndrome and progressive supranuclear palsy. Brain Commun 2021; 2:fcaa194. [PMID: 33381758 PMCID: PMC7753056 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcaa194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests an association between cerebellar atrophy and cognitive impairment in the main frontotemporal dementia syndromes. In contrast, whether cerebellar atrophy is present in the motor syndromes associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (corticobasal syndrome and progressive supranuclear palsy) and the extent of its contribution to their cognitive profile remain poorly understood. The current study aimed to comprehensively chart profiles of cognitive impairment in relation to cerebellar atrophy in 49 dementia patients (corticobasal syndrome = 33; progressive supranuclear palsy = 16) compared to 33 age-, sex- and education-matched healthy controls. Relative to controls, corticobasal syndrome and progressive supranuclear palsy patients demonstrated characteristic cognitive impairment, spanning the majority of cognitive domains including attention and processing speed, language, working memory, and executive function with relative preservation of verbal and nonverbal memory. Voxel-based morphometry analysis revealed largely overlapping patterns of cerebellar atrophy in corticobasal syndrome and progressive supranuclear palsy relative to controls, primarily involving bilateral Crus II extending into adjacent lobules VIIb and VIIIa. After controlling for overall cerebral atrophy and disease duration, exploratory voxel-wise general linear model analysis revealed distinct cerebellar subregions differentially implicated across cognitive domains in each patient group. In corticobasal syndrome, reduction in grey matter intensity in the left Crus I was significantly correlated with executive dysfunction. In progressive supranuclear palsy, integrity of the vermis and adjacent right lobules I-IV was significantly associated with language performance. These results are consistent with the well-established role of Crus I in executive functions and provide further supporting evidence for vermal involvement in cognitive processing. The current study presents the first detailed exploration of the role of cerebellar atrophy in cognitive deficits in corticobasal syndrome and progressive supranuclear palsy, offering insights into the cerebellum's contribution to cognitive processing even in neurodegenerative syndromes characterized by motor impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nga Yan Tse
- Central Sydney Medical School and Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Psychology and Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Muireann Irish
- School of Psychology and Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Cordato
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,The Department of Aged Care, St George Hospital, Kogarah, Australia.,Calvary Health Care Sydney, Kogarah, Australia
| | - Ramon Landin-Romero
- School of Psychology and Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - John R Hodges
- Central Sydney Medical School and Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Olivier Piguet
- School of Psychology and Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rebekah M Ahmed
- Central Sydney Medical School and Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Memory and Cognition Clinic, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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22
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Ala-Salomäki H, Kujala J, Liljeström M, Salmelin R. Picture naming yields highly consistent cortical activation patterns: Test-retest reliability of magnetoencephalography recordings. Neuroimage 2020; 227:117651. [PMID: 33338614 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Reliable paradigms and imaging measures of individual-level brain activity are paramount when reaching from group-level research studies to clinical assessment of individual patients. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) provides a direct, non-invasive measure of cortical processing with high spatiotemporal accuracy, and is thus well suited for assessment of functional brain damage in patients with language difficulties. This MEG study aimed to identify, in a delayed picture naming paradigm, source-localized evoked activity and modulations of cortical oscillations that show high test-retest reliability across measurement days in healthy individuals, demonstrating their applicability in clinical settings. For patients with a language disorder picture naming can be a challenging task. Therefore, we also determined whether a semantic judgment task ('Is this item living?') with a spoken response ("yes"/"no") would suffice to induce comparably consistent activity within brain regions related to language production. The MEG data was collected from 19 healthy participants on two separate days. In picture naming, evoked activity was consistent across measurement days (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)>0.4) in the left frontal (400-800 ms after image onset), sensorimotor (200-800 ms), parietal (200-600 ms), temporal (200-800 ms), occipital (400-800 ms) and cingulate (600-800 ms) regions, as well as the right temporal (600-800 ms) region. In the semantic judgment task, consistent evoked activity was spatially more limited, occurring in the left temporal (200-800 ms), sensorimotor (400-800 ms), occipital (400-600 ms) and subparietal (600-800 ms) regions, and the right supramarginal cortex (600-800 ms). The delayed naming task showed typical beta oscillatory suppression in premotor and sensorimotor regions (800-1200 ms) but other consistent modulations of oscillatory activity were mostly observed in posterior cortical regions that have not typically been associated with language processing. The high test-retest consistency of MEG evoked activity in the picture naming task testifies to its applicability in clinical evaluations of language function, as well as in longitudinal MEG studies of language production in clinical and healthy populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Ala-Salomäki
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland; Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
| | - Jan Kujala
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland; Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland.
| | - Mia Liljeström
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
| | - Riitta Salmelin
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
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23
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Binder JR, Tong JQ, Pillay SB, Conant LL, Humphries CJ, Raghavan M, Mueller WM, Busch RM, Allen L, Gross WL, Anderson CT, Carlson CE, Lowe MJ, Langfitt JT, Tivarus ME, Drane DL, Loring DW, Jacobs M, Morgan VL, Allendorfer JB, Szaflarski JP, Bonilha L, Bookheimer S, Grabowski T, Vannest J, Swanson SJ. Temporal lobe regions essential for preserved picture naming after left temporal epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia 2020; 61:1939-1948. [PMID: 32780878 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define left temporal lobe regions where surgical resection produces a persistent postoperative decline in naming visual objects. METHODS Pre- and postoperative brain magnetic resonance imaging data and picture naming (Boston Naming Test) scores were obtained prospectively from 59 people with drug-resistant left temporal lobe epilepsy. All patients had left hemisphere language dominance at baseline and underwent surgical resection or ablation in the left temporal lobe. Postoperative naming assessment occurred approximately 7 months after surgery. Surgical lesions were mapped to a standard template, and the relationship between presence or absence of a lesion and the degree of naming decline was tested at each template voxel while controlling for effects of overall lesion size. RESULTS Patients declined by an average of 15% in their naming score, with wide variation across individuals. Decline was significantly related to damage in a cluster of voxels in the ventral temporal lobe, located mainly in the fusiform gyrus approximately 4-6 cm posterior to the temporal tip. Extent of damage to this region explained roughly 50% of the variance in outcome. Picture naming decline was not related to hippocampal or temporal pole damage. SIGNIFICANCE The results provide the first statistical map relating lesion location in left temporal lobe epilepsy surgery to picture naming decline, and they support previous observations of transient naming deficits from electrical stimulation in the basal temporal cortex. The critical lesion is relatively posterior and could be avoided in many patients undergoing left temporal lobe surgery for intractable epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Binder
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jia-Qing Tong
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sara B Pillay
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Lisa L Conant
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Colin J Humphries
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Manoj Raghavan
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Wade M Mueller
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Robyn M Busch
- Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Linda Allen
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - William L Gross
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Chad E Carlson
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mark J Lowe
- Department of Radiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - John T Langfitt
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Madalina E Tivarus
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Daniel L Drane
- Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - David W Loring
- Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Monica Jacobs
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Victoria L Morgan
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jane B Allendorfer
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jerzy P Szaflarski
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Leonardo Bonilha
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Susan Bookheimer
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Thomas Grabowski
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jennifer Vannest
- Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Sara J Swanson
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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25
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Conner CR, Kadipasaoglu CM, Shouval HZ, Hickok G, Tandon N. Network dynamics of Broca's area during word selection. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225756. [PMID: 31860640 PMCID: PMC6924671 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Current models of word-production in Broca's area (i.e. left ventro-lateral prefrontal cortex, VLPFC) posit that sequential and staggered semantic, lexical, phonological and articulatory processes precede articulation. Using millisecond-resolution intra-cranial recordings, we evaluated spatiotemporal dynamics and high frequency functional interconnectivity between left VLPFC regions during single-word production. Through the systematic variation of retrieval, selection, and phonological loads, we identified specific activation profiles and functional coupling patterns between these regions that fit within current psycholinguistic theories of word production. However, network interactions underpinning these processes activate in parallel (not sequentially), while the processes themselves are indexed by specific changes in network state. We found evidence that suggests that pars orbitalis is coupled with pars triangularis during lexical retrieval, while lexical selection is terminated via coupled activity with M1 at articulation onset. Taken together, this work reveals that speech production relies on very specific inter-regional couplings in rapid sequence in the language dominant hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Conner
- Vivian L Smith Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
- Mischer Neuroscience Institute, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Cihan M. Kadipasaoglu
- Vivian L Smith Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Harel Z. Shouval
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Gregory Hickok
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Nitin Tandon
- Vivian L Smith Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
- Mischer Neuroscience Institute, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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26
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Bonakdarpour B, Hurley RS, Wang AR, Fereira HR, Basu A, Chatrathi A, Guillaume K, Rogalski EJ, Mesulam MM. Perturbations of language network connectivity in primary progressive aphasia. Cortex 2019; 121:468-480. [PMID: 31530376 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2019.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aphasias are caused by disruption in structural integrity and interconnectivity within a large-scale distributed language network. We investigated the distribution and behavioral consequences of altered functional connectivity in three variants of primary progressive aphasia (PPA). The goal was to clarify relationships among atrophy, resting connectivity, and the resulting behavioral changes in 73 PPA and 33 control participants. Three core regions of the left perisylvian language network: the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), middle temporal gyrus (MTG), and anterior temporal lobe (ATL) were evaluated in agrammatic (PPA-G), logopenic (PPA-L), and semantic (PPA-S) PPA variants. All PPA groups showed decreased connectivity between IFG and MTG. The PPA-S group also showed additional loss of connectivity strength between ATL and the other language regions. Decreased connectivity between the IFG and MTG nodes in PPA-G remained significant even when controlled for the effect of atrophy. In the PPA group as a whole, IFG-MTG connectivity strength correlated with repetition and grammar scores, whereas MTG-ATL connectivity correlated with picture naming and single-word comprehension. There was no significant change in the connectivity of homologous regions in the right hemisphere. These results show that language impairments in PPA are associated with perturbations of functional connectivity within behaviorally concordant components of the language network. Altered connectivity in PPA may reflect not only the irreversible loss of cortical components indexed by atrophy, but also the dysfunction of remaining neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borna Bonakdarpour
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology & Alzheimer Disease, USA; Department of Neurology, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Robert S Hurley
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology & Alzheimer Disease, USA; Department of Neurology, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Psychology, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Allan R Wang
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology & Alzheimer Disease, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hernando R Fereira
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology & Alzheimer Disease, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anisha Basu
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology & Alzheimer Disease, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Arjuna Chatrathi
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology & Alzheimer Disease, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kyla Guillaume
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology & Alzheimer Disease, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Emily J Rogalski
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology & Alzheimer Disease, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Marsel Mesulam
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology & Alzheimer Disease, USA; Department of Neurology, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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27
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Neural underpinnings of numerical and spatial cognition: An fMRI meta-analysis of brain regions associated with symbolic number, arithmetic, and mental rotation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 103:316-336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Pfeifer G, Ward J, Sigala N. Reduced Visual and Frontal Cortex Activation During Visual Working Memory in Grapheme-Color Synaesthetes Relative to Young and Older Adults. Front Syst Neurosci 2019; 13:29. [PMID: 31354440 PMCID: PMC6635562 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2019.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sensory recruitment model envisages visual working memory (VWM) as an emergent property that is encoded and maintained in sensory (visual) regions. The model implies that enhanced sensory-perceptual functions, as in synaesthesia, entail a dedicated VWM-system, showing reduced visual cortex activity as a result of neural specificity. By contrast, sensory-perceptual decline, as in old age, is expected to show enhanced visual cortex activity as a result of neural broadening. To test this model, young grapheme-color synaesthetes, older adults and young controls engaged in a delayed pair-associative retrieval and a delayed matching-to-sample task, consisting of achromatic fractal stimuli that do not induce synaesthesia. While a previous analysis of this dataset (Pfeifer et al., 2016) has focused on cued retrieval and recognition of pair-associates (i.e., long-term memory), the current study focuses on visual working memory and considers, for the first time, the crucial delay period in which no visual stimuli are present, but working memory processes are engaged. Participants were trained to criterion and demonstrated comparable behavioral performance on VWM tasks. Whole-brain and region-of-interest-analyses revealed significantly lower activity in synaesthetes’ middle frontal gyrus and visual regions (cuneus, inferior temporal cortex), respectively, suggesting greater neural efficiency relative to young and older adults in both tasks. The results support the sensory recruitment model and can explain age and individual WM-differences based on neural specificity in visual cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaby Pfeifer
- Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom.,Leeds School of Social Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie Ward
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom.,Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Natasha Sigala
- Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom.,Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
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29
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Meier EL, Johnson JP, Pan Y, Kiran S. A lesion and connectivity-based hierarchical model of chronic aphasia recovery dissociates patients and healthy controls. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 23:101919. [PMID: 31491828 PMCID: PMC6702239 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Traditional models of left hemisphere stroke recovery propose that reactivation of remaining ipsilesional tissue is optimal for language processing whereas reliance on contralesional right hemisphere homologues is less beneficial or possibly maladaptive in the chronic recovery stage. However, neuroimaging evidence for this proposal is mixed. This study aimed to elucidate patterns of effective connectivity in patients with chronic aphasia in light of healthy control connectivity patterns and in relation to damaged tissue within left hemisphere regions of interest and according to performance on a semantic decision task. Using fMRI and dynamic causal modeling, biologically-plausible models within four model families were created to correspond to potential neural recovery patterns, including Family A: Left-lateralized connectivity (i.e., no/minimal damage), Family B: Bilateral anterior-weighted connectivity (i.e., posterior damage), Family C: Bilateral posterior-weighted connectivity (i.e., anterior damage) and Family D: Right-lateralized connectivity (i.e., extensive damage). Controls exhibited a strong preference for left-lateralized network models (Family A) whereas patients demonstrated a split preference for Families A and C. At the level of connections, controls exhibited stronger left intrahemispheric task-modulated connections than did patients. Within the patient group, damage to left superior frontal structures resulted in greater right intrahemispheric connectivity whereas damage to left ventral structures resulted in heightened modulation of left frontal regions. Lesion metrics best predicted accuracy on the fMRI task and aphasia severity whereas left intrahemispheric connectivity predicted fMRI task reaction times. These results are discussed within the context of the hierarchical recovery model of chronic aphasia. The semantic network in neurologically-intact, healthy controls was characterized by left-lateralized connectivity. Patient connectivity was split between left-lateralized and bilateral, posterior-weighted (i.e., anterior damage) models. Controls solely recruited LITG-driven connections whereas patients recruited a distributed network of connections. Within the patient group, intra- and inter-hemispheric connections were related to lesion site and/or size. Lesion size predicted aphasia severity and fMRI task accuracy, and effective connectivity predicted task reaction times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Meier
- Department of Speech, Language, & Hearing Sciences, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, 635 Commonwealth Avenue, Room 326, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America.
| | - Jeffrey P Johnson
- Department of Speech, Language, & Hearing Sciences, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, 635 Commonwealth Avenue, Room 326, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Yue Pan
- Department of Speech, Language, & Hearing Sciences, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, 635 Commonwealth Avenue, Room 326, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Swathi Kiran
- Department of Speech, Language, & Hearing Sciences, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, 635 Commonwealth Avenue, Room 326, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
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30
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Chen Y, Chen K, Ding J, Zhang Y, Yang Q, Lv Y, Guo Q, Han Z. Neural substrates of amodal and modality-specific semantic processing within the temporal lobe: A lesion-behavior mapping study of semantic dementia. Cortex 2019; 120:78-91. [PMID: 31280071 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although the human temporal lobe has been documented to participate in semantic processing of both verbal and nonverbal stimuli, the exact neural basis underlying the common and unique processing of the two modalities is unclear. Semantic dementia (SD), a disease with a semantic-selective deficit due to predominant temporal lobe atrophy is an ideal lesion model to address this issue. However, many previous studies of SD used an impure patient sample or did not appropriately control for common components between tasks. To overcome these limitations, the present study aims to identify amodal semantic hubs and modality-specific regions in the temporal lobe by investigating behavioral performance on a verbal modality task (word associative matching) and a nonverbal modality task (picture associative matching) and neuroimaging data in 33 SD patients. We found that the left anterior fusiform gyrus was an amodal semantic hub whose gray matter volume correlated significantly with both modalities. We also observed two verbal modality-specific regions (the left posterior inferior temporal gyrus and the left middle superior temporal gyrus) and a nonverbal modality-specific region (the right lateral anterior middle temporal gyrus) whose gray matter volume correlated significantly with one modality when performance on the other modality was partialled out. The results remained significant when we excluded a wide range of potential confounding variables. Furthermore, to confirm the observed effects, we compared the performance of left- and right-hemispheric-predominant atrophic patients on the verbal and nonverbal tasks. The left-predominant patients showed more severe deficits in performance of the verbal task than the right-predominant patients, whereas the two groups of patients presented comparable deficits in the performance of the nonverbal task. These findings refined the structure of semantic network in the temporal lobe, deepening our understanding of the critical role of the temporal lobe in semantic processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 100875, China; College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310027, China
| | - Keliang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200040, China
| | - Junhua Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 100875, China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200040, China
| | - Yingru Lv
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200040, China
| | - Qihao Guo
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, China
| | - Zaizhu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 100875, China.
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31
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Isaacs ML, McMahon KL, Angwin AJ, Copland DA. The Suppression of Irrelevant Semantic Representations in Parkinson's Disease. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 12:511. [PMID: 30723399 PMCID: PMC6349768 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The impairment of lexical-semantic inhibition mechanisms in Parkinson's disease (PD) remains a source of contention. In order to observe whether people with PD are able to suppress irrelevant semantic information during picture naming, the present study employed an object-based negative priming paradigm with 16 participants with PD and 13 healthy controls. The task required participants to name a red target image while ignoring a superimposed, green distractor image. The semantic relationship between the distractor image and the target image of the subsequent trial was manipulated, such that the distractor image was identical, semantically related, or semantically unrelated to said target image. The PD group and the control group were slower in naming a target image that had previously served as a distractor image, relative to naming a target image that was unrelated to the previous distractor image. Thus, a negative priming effect was present in both groups. Furthermore, no significant difference in the magnitude of this effect was observed between the control and PD groups. When considered in the context of existing literature surrounding negative priming in PD, these results suggest that inhibition is subserved by multiple, domain-specific mechanisms and that the inhibitory processing of visual-semantic stimuli is intact in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L. Isaacs
- Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Katie L. McMahon
- School of Clinical Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Anthony J. Angwin
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - David A. Copland
- Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, QLD, Australia
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Weiss Y, Cweigenberg HG, Booth JR. Neural specialization of phonological and semantic processing in young children. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:4334-4348. [PMID: 29956400 PMCID: PMC6261343 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine early specialization of brain regions for phonological and semantic processing of spoken language in young children. Thirty-five typically developing children aged from 5 to 6 years performed auditory phonological (same sound judgment) and semantic (related meaning judgment) word-level tasks. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examined specialization within the language network, by conducting three levels of analysis. First, we directly compared activation between tasks and found a greater sound judgment as compared to meaning judgment activation in left superior temporal gyrus (STG) and supramarginal gyrus. In contrast, greater meaning judgment as compared to sound judgment task activation was found in left middle temporal gyrus (MTG). Second, we examined the brain-behavior correlations and found that phonological skill was correlated with the task difference in activation in left superior temporal sulcus, whereas semantic skill was correlated with the task difference in activation in left MTG. Third, we compared between two experimental conditions within each task and found a parametric effect in left STG for the sound judgment task, and a parametric effect in left MTG for the meaning judgment task. The results of this study indicate that, by the age of 5-6 years, typically developing children already show some specialization of temporo-parietal brain regions for phonological and semantic processes. However, there were no task differences in the left inferior frontal gyrus suggesting that the frontal cortex may not yet be specialized in this age range, which is consistent with the delayed maturation of the frontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Weiss
- Department of Psychology, Children's Research CenterUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTexas
| | - Hannah G. Cweigenberg
- Department of Psychology, Children's Research CenterUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTexas
| | - James R. Booth
- Department of Psychology and Human DevelopmentVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennessee
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Miao Q, Zhang G, Yan W, Liu B. Investigating the Brain Neural Mechanism when Signature Objects were Masked during a Scene Categorization Task using Functional MRI. Neuroscience 2018; 388:248-262. [PMID: 30056114 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objects play vital roles in scene categorization. Although a number of studies have researched on the neural responses during object and object-based scene recognition, few studies have investigated the neural mechanism underlying object-masked scene categorization. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure the changes in brain activations and functional connectivity (FC) while subjects performed a visual scene-categorization task with different numbers of 'signature objects' masked. The object-selective region in the lateral occipital complex (LOC) showed a decrease in activations and changes in FC with the default mode network (DMN), indicating changes in object attention after the masking of signature objects. Changes in top-down modulation effect were revealed in the FC from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) to LOC and the extrastriate visual cortex, possibly participating in conscious object recognition. The whole-brain analyses showed the participation of fronto-parietal network (FPN) in scene categorization judgment, and right DLPFC served as the core hub in this network. Another core hub was found in left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and its connection with middle cingulate cortex (MCC), supramarginal gyrus (SMG) and insula might serve in the processing of motor response and the semantic relations between objects and scenes. Brain-behavior correlation analysis substantiated the contributions of the FC to the different processes in the object-masked scene-categorization tasks. Altogether, the results suggest that masking of objects significantly affected the object attention, cognitive demand, top-down modulation effect, and semantic judgment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaomu Miao
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Gaoyan Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Weiran Yan
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Baolin Liu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems, National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
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Bellucci G, Feng C, Camilleri J, Eickhoff SB, Krueger F. The role of the anterior insula in social norm compliance and enforcement: Evidence from coordinate-based and functional connectivity meta-analyses. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 92:378-389. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Trimmel K, van Graan AL, Caciagli L, Haag A, Koepp MJ, Thompson PJ, Duncan JS. Left temporal lobe language network connectivity in temporal lobe epilepsy. Brain 2018; 141:2406-2418. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Trimmel
- Epilepsy Society MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, SL9 0LR, UK
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090-Vienna, Austria
| | - Andre L van Graan
- Epilepsy Society MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, SL9 0LR, UK
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Lorenzo Caciagli
- Epilepsy Society MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, SL9 0LR, UK
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Anja Haag
- Epilepsy Society MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, SL9 0LR, UK
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Matthias J Koepp
- Epilepsy Society MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, SL9 0LR, UK
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Pamela J Thompson
- Epilepsy Society MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, SL9 0LR, UK
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - John S Duncan
- Epilepsy Society MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, SL9 0LR, UK
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
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Binney RJ, Ashaie SA, Zuckerman BM, Hung J, Reilly J. Frontotemporal stimulation modulates semantically-guided visual search during confrontation naming: A combined tDCS and eye tracking investigation. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2018; 180-182:14-23. [PMID: 29655024 PMCID: PMC5990472 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was paired with eye tracking to elucidate contributions of frontal, temporoparietal and anterior temporal cortex to early visual search patterns during picture naming (e.g., rapid visual scanning to diagnostic semantic features). Neurotypical adults named line drawings of objects prior to and following tDCS in three separate sessions, each employing a unique electrode montage. The gaze data revealed montage by stimulation (pre/post) interaction effects characterized by longer initial visual fixations (mean difference = 89 ms; Cohen's d = .8) and cumulative fixation durations (mean difference = 98 ms; Cohen's d = .9) on key semantic features (e.g., the head of an animal) after cathodal frontotemporal stimulation relative to the pre-stimulation baseline. We interpret these findings as reflecting a tDCS-induced modulation of semantic contributions of the anterior temporal lobe(s) to top-down influences on object recognition. Further, we discuss implications for the optimization of tDCS for the treatment of anomia in aphasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Binney
- School of Psychology, Bangor University, Gwynedd, Wales, UK; Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Sameer A Ashaie
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bonnie M Zuckerman
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jinyi Hung
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jamie Reilly
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Nettekoven C, Reck N, Goldbrunner R, Grefkes C, Weiß Lucas C. Short- and long-term reliability of language fMRI. Neuroimage 2018; 176:215-225. [PMID: 29704615 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
When using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for mapping important language functions, a high test-retest reliability is mandatory, both in basic scientific research and for clinical applications. We, therefore, systematically tested the short- and long-term reliability of fMRI in a group of healthy subjects using a picture naming task and a sparse-sampling fMRI protocol. We hypothesized that test-retest reliability might be higher for (i) speech-related motor areas than for other language areas and for (ii) the short as compared to the long intersession interval. 16 right-handed subjects (mean age: 29 years) participated in three sessions separated by 2-6 (session 1 and 2, short-term) and 21-34 days (session 1 and 3, long-term). Subjects were asked to perform the same overt picture naming task in each fMRI session (50 black-white images per session). Reliability was tested using the following measures: (i) Euclidean distances (ED) between local activation maxima and Centers of Gravity (CoGs), (ii) overlap volumes and (iii) voxel-wise intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Analyses were performed for three regions of interest which were chosen based on whole-brain group data: primary motor cortex (M1), superior temporal gyrus (STG) and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Our results revealed that the activation centers were highly reliable, independent of the time interval, ROI or hemisphere with significantly smaller ED for the local activation maxima (6.45 ± 1.36 mm) as compared to the CoGs (8.03 ± 2.01 mm). In contrast, the extent of activation revealed rather low reliability values with overlaps ranging from 24% (IFG) to 56% (STG). Here, the left hemisphere showed significantly higher overlap volumes than the right hemisphere. Although mean ICCs ranged between poor (ICC<0.5) and moderate (ICC 0.5-0.74) reliability, highly reliable voxels (ICC>0.75) were found for all ROIs. Voxel-wise reliability of the different ROIs was influenced by the intersession interval. Taken together, we could show that, despite of considerable ROI-dependent variations of the extent of activation over time, highly reliable centers of activation can be identified using an overt picture naming paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Nettekoven
- Center of Neurosurgery, Cologne University Hospital, 50924, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology, Cologne University Hospital, 50924, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nicola Reck
- Center of Neurosurgery, Cologne University Hospital, 50924, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roland Goldbrunner
- Center of Neurosurgery, Cologne University Hospital, 50924, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Grefkes
- Department of Neurology, Cologne University Hospital, 50924, Cologne, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Juelich Research Centre, 52428, Juelich, Germany
| | - Carolin Weiß Lucas
- Center of Neurosurgery, Cologne University Hospital, 50924, Cologne, Germany.
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Canini M, Della Rosa PA, Catricalà E, Strijkers K, Branzi FM, Costa A, Abutalebi J. Semantic interference and its control: A functional neuroimaging and connectivity study. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 37:4179-4196. [PMID: 27355179 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
During picture naming, the ease with which humans generate words is dependent upon the context in which they are named. For instances, naming previously presented items results in facilitation. Instead, naming a picture semantically related to previous items displays persistent interference effects (i.e., cumulative semantic interference, CSI). The neural correlates of CSI are still unclear and it is a matter of debate whether semantic control, or cognitive control more in general, is necessary for the resolution of CSI. We carried out an event-related fMRI experiment to assess the neural underpinnings of the CSI effect and the involvement and nature of semantic control. Both left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) and the left caudate nucleus (LCN) showed a linear increase of BOLD response positively associated with the consecutive number of presentations of semantically related pictures independently of task-load. The generalized psychophysiological interaction analysis showed that LIFG demonstrated a quantitative neural connectivity difference with the left supramarginal and angular gyri for increases of task-load and with the fusiform gyri for linear CSI increases. Furthermore, seed-to-voxel functional connectivity showed that LIFG activity coupled with different regions involved in cognitive control and lexicosemantic processing when semantic interference was elicited to a minimum or maximum degree. Our results are consistent with the lexical-competitive nature of the CSI effect, and we provide novel evidence that semantic control lies upon a more general cognitive control network (i.e., LIFG and LCN) responsible for resolving interference between competing semantically related items through connectivity with different brain areas in order to guarantee the correct response. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4179-4196, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Canini
- Faculty of Psychology, San Raffaele University & San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Francesca Martina Branzi
- Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit, School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Albert Costa
- Universitat De Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona & ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jubin Abutalebi
- Faculty of Psychology, San Raffaele University & San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.
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Bédos Ulvin L, Jonas J, Brissart H, Colnat-Coulbois S, Thiriaux A, Vignal JP, Maillard L. Intracerebral stimulation of left and right ventral temporal cortex during object naming. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2017; 175:71-76. [PMID: 29024845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
While object naming is traditionally considered asa left hemisphere function, neuroimaging studies have reported activations related to naming in the ventral temporal cortex (VTC) bilaterally. Our aim was to use intracerebral electrical stimulation to specifically compare left and right VTC in naming. In twenty-three epileptic patients tested for visual object naming during stimulation, the proportion of naming impairments was significantly higher in the left than in the right VTC (31.3% vs 13.6%). The highest proportions of positive naming sites were found in the left fusiform gyrus and occipito-temporal sulcus (47.5% and 31.8%). For 17 positive left naming sites, an additional semantic picture matching was carried out, always successfully performed. Our results showed the enhanced role of the left compared to the right VTC in naming and suggest that it may be involved in lexical retrieval rather than in semantic processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Bédos Ulvin
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Reims, France.
| | - Jacques Jonas
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Nancy, France; CRAN, UMR 7039, CNRS et Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.
| | - Hélène Brissart
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Nancy, France.
| | | | - Anne Thiriaux
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Reims, France.
| | - Jean-Pierre Vignal
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Nancy, France; CRAN, UMR 7039, CNRS et Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.
| | - Louis Maillard
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Nancy, France; CRAN, UMR 7039, CNRS et Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.
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Yeo DJ, Wilkey ED, Price GR. The search for the number form area: A functional neuroimaging meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 78:145-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
Previous studies of patients with brain damage have suggested a close relationship between aphasia and movement disorders. Neurodegenerative extrapyramidal syndromes associated with cognitive impairment provide an interesting model for studying the neural substrates of cognitive and motor symptoms. In this review, we focused on studies investigating language production abilities in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS) and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP). According to some reports, these patients exhibit a reduction in performance in both action and object naming or verb production compared to healthy individuals. Furthermore, a disproportional impairment of action naming compared to object naming was systematically observed in patients with these disorders. The study of these clinical conditions offers the unique opportunity to examine the close link between linguistic features and motor characteristics of action. This particular pattern of language impairment may contribute to the debate on embodiment theory and on the involvement of the basal ganglia in language and in integrating language and movement. From a translational perspective, we suggest that language ability assessments are useful in the clinical work-up, along with neuropsychological and motor evaluations. Specific protocols should be developed in the near future to better characterize language deficits and to permit an early cognitive diagnosis. Moreover, the link between language deficits and motor impairment opens a new issue for treatment approaches. Treatment of one of these two symptoms may ameliorate the other, and treating both may produce a greater improvement in patients' global clinical conditions.
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Chen Y, Chen K, Ding J, Zhang Y, Yang Q, Lv Y, Guo Q, Han Z. Brain Network for the Core Deficits of Semantic Dementia: A Neural Network Connectivity-Behavior Mapping Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:267. [PMID: 28579952 PMCID: PMC5437108 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with semantic dementia (SD) typically suffer from selective semantic deficits due to degenerative brain atrophy. Although some brain regions have been found to be correlated with the semantic impairments of SD patients, it is unclear if the damage is actually responsible for SD patients’ semantic disorders because these findings were primarily obtained by examining the roles of local individual regions themselves without considering the influence of other regions that are functionally or structurally connected to the local individual regions. To resolve this problem, we investigated, from the brain network perspective, the relationship between the brain-network measures of regions and connections with semantic performance in 17 SD patients. We found that the severity of semantic deficits of SD patients was significantly correlated with the degree centrality values of the left anterior hippocampus (aHIP). Moreover, the semantic performance of the patients was also significantly correlated with the strength of gray matter functional connectivity of this region and two other regions: the left temporal pole/insula (TP/INS) and the left middle temporal gyrus. We further observed that the strength of the white matter structural connectivity of the left aHIP-left TP/INS tract could effectively predict the semantic performance of SD patients. When we controlled for a wide range of potential confounding factors (e.g., total gray matter volume), the above effects still held well. These findings revealed the critical brain network with the left aHIP as the center that could be contributing to the semantic impairments of SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Keliang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Junhua Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Yingru Lv
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Qihao Guo
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Zaizhu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
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Abstract
How is knowledge about the meanings of words and objects represented in the human brain? Current theories embrace two radically different proposals: either distinct cortical systems have evolved to represent different kinds of things, or knowledge for all kinds is encoded within a single domain-general network. Neither view explains the full scope of relevant evidence from neuroimaging and neuropsychology. Here we propose that graded category-specificity emerges in some components of the semantic network through joint effects of learning and network connectivity. We test the proposal by measuring connectivity amongst cortical regions implicated in semantic representation, then simulating healthy and disordered semantic processing in a deep neural network whose architecture mirrors this structure. The resulting neuro-computational model explains the full complement of neuroimaging and patient evidence adduced in support of both domain-specific and domain-general approaches, reconciling long-standing disputes about the nature and origins of this uniquely human cognitive faculty.
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Grey matter alterations in migraine: A systematic review and meta-analysis. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017; 14:130-140. [PMID: 28180071 PMCID: PMC5279908 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To summarize and meta-analyze studies on changes in grey matter (GM) in patients with migraine. We aimed to determine whether there are concordant structural changes in the foci, whether structural changes are concordant with functional changes, and provide further understanding of the anatomy and biology of migraine. Methods We searched PubMed and Embase for relevant articles published between January 1985 and November 2015, and examined the references within relevant primary articles. Following exclusion of unsuitable studies, meta-analysis were performed using activation likelihood estimation (ALE). Results Eight clinical studies were analyzed for structural changes, containing a total of 390 subjects (191 patients and 199 controls). Five functional studies were enrolled, containing 93 patients and 96 controls. ALE showed that the migraineurs had concordant decreases in the GM volume (GMV) in the bilateral inferior frontal gyri, the right precentral gyrus, the left middle frontal gyrus and the left cingulate gyrus. GMV decreases in right claustrum, left cingulated gyrus, right anterior cingulate, amygdala and left parahippocampal gyrus are related to estimated frequency of headache attack. Activation was found in the somatosensory, cingulate, limbic lobe, basal ganglia and midbrain in migraine patients. Conclusion GM changes in migraineurs may indicate the mechanism of pain processing and associated symptoms. Changes in the frontal gyrus may predispose a person to pain conditions. The limbic regions may be accumulated damage due to the repetitive occurrence of pain-related processes. Increased activation in precentral gyrus and cingulate opposed to GMV decrease might suggest increased effort duo to disorganization of these areas and/or the use of compensatory strategies involving pain processing in migraine. Knowledge of these structural and functional changes may be useful for monitoring disease progression as well as for therapeutic interventions. There are some concordant structural changes in migraine. Some structural changes like frontal lobe and cingulate are also over-activated in interictal phase. Frontal gyrus may predispose a person to pain condition. Limbic regions may be accumulating brain damage due to pain-related processes.
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Nitschke K, Köstering L, Finkel L, Weiller C, Kaller CP. A Meta-analysis on the neural basis of planning: Activation likelihood estimation of functional brain imaging results in the Tower of London task. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:396-413. [PMID: 27627877 PMCID: PMC6867129 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to mentally design and evaluate series of future actions has often been studied in terms of planning abilities, commonly using well-structured laboratory tasks like the Tower of London (ToL). Despite a wealth of studies, findings on the specific localization of planning processes within prefrontal cortex (PFC) and on the hemispheric lateralization are equivocal. Here, we address this issue by integrating evidence from two different sources of data: First, we provide a systematic overview of the existing lesion data on planning in the ToL (10 studies, 211 patients) which does not indicate any evidence for a general lateralization of planning processes in (pre)frontal cortex. Second, we report a quantitative meta-analysis with activation likelihood estimation based on 31 functional neuroimaging datasets on the ToL. Separate meta-analyses of the activation patterns reported for Overall Planning (537 participants) and for Planning Complexity (182 participants) congruently show bilateral contributions of mid-dorsolateral PFC, frontal eye fields, supplementary motor area, precuneus, caudate, anterior insula, and inferior parietal cortex in addition to a left-lateralized involvement of rostrolateral PFC. In contrast to previous attributions of planning-related brain activity to the entire dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and either its left or right homolog derived from single studies on the ToL, the present meta-analyses stress the pivotal role specifically of the mid-dorsolateral part of PFC (mid-dlPFC), presumably corresponding to Brodmann Areas 46 and 9/46, and strongly argue for a bilateral rather than lateralized involvement of the dlPFC in planning in the ToL. Hum Brain Mapp 38:396-413, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Nitschke
- Department of NeurologyMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Brain Imaging Center University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- BrainLinks‐BrainTools Cluster of Excellence University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Biological and Personality Psychology, Department of PsychologyUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Lena Köstering
- Department of NeurologyMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Brain Imaging Center University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- BrainLinks‐BrainTools Cluster of Excellence University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Department of NeuroradiologyMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Lisa Finkel
- Department of NeurologyMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Motor Cognition Group, Department of PsychologyUniversity of KonstanzKonstanzGermany
| | - Cornelius Weiller
- Department of NeurologyMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Brain Imaging Center University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- BrainLinks‐BrainTools Cluster of Excellence University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Christoph P. Kaller
- Department of NeurologyMedical Center ‐ University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Brain Imaging Center University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- BrainLinks‐BrainTools Cluster of Excellence University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
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46
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López-Higes R, Prados JM, Rubio S, Montejo P, Del Río D. Executive functions and linguistic performance in SCD older adults and healthy controls. AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2016; 24:717-734. [DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2016.1256370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramón López-Higes
- Department of Cognitive Processes, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Prados
- Department of Cognitive Processes, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Rubio
- Department of Personality, Evaluation, and Psychological Treatment II, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Montejo
- Centre for the Prevention of Cognitive Impairment, Public Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Del Río
- Department of Cognitive Processes, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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47
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A registration problem for functional fingerprinting. Behav Brain Sci 2016; 39:e124. [PMID: 27561900 DOI: 10.1017/s0140525x15001582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Functional fingerprints aggregate over heterogeneous tasks, protocols, and controls. The appearance of functional diversity might be explained by task heterogeneity and conceptual imprecision.
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48
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Validity and reliability of four language mapping paradigms. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2016; 16:399-408. [PMID: 28879081 PMCID: PMC5574842 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Language areas of the brain can be mapped in individual participants with functional MRI. We investigated the validity and reliability of four language mapping paradigms that may be appropriate for individuals with acquired aphasia: sentence completion, picture naming, naturalistic comprehension, and narrative comprehension. Five neurologically normal older adults were scanned on each of the four paradigms on four separate occasions. Validity was assessed in terms of whether activation patterns reflected the known typical organization of language regions, that is, lateralization to the left hemisphere, and involvement of the left inferior frontal gyrus and the left middle and/or superior temporal gyri. Reliability (test-retest reproducibility) was quantified in terms of the Dice coefficient of similarity, which measures overlap of activations across time points. We explored the impact of different absolute and relative voxelwise thresholds, a range of cluster size cutoffs, and limitation of analyses to a priori potential language regions. We found that the narrative comprehension and sentence completion paradigms offered the best balance of validity and reliability. However, even with optimal combinations of analysis parameters, there were many scans on which known features of typical language organization were not demonstrated, and test-retest reproducibility was only moderate for realistic parameter choices. These limitations in terms of validity and reliability may constitute significant limitations for many clinical or research applications that depend on identifying language regions in individual participants. Validity and reliability were investigated for four language mapping paradigms. Narrative comprehension and sentence completion paradigms performed best. Lateralization to the left hemisphere was not always apparent. Test-retest reproducibility was only moderate.
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49
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Baciu M, Boudiaf N, Cousin E, Perrone-Bertolotti M, Pichat C, Fournet N, Chainay H, Lamalle L, Krainik A. Functional MRI evidence for the decline of word retrieval and generation during normal aging. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 38:3. [PMID: 26711670 PMCID: PMC5005885 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-015-9857-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
This fMRI study aimed to explore the effect of normal aging on word retrieval and generation. The question addressed is whether lexical production decline is determined by a direct mechanism, which concerns the language operations or is rather indirectly induced by a decline of executive functions. Indeed, the main hypothesis was that normal aging does not induce loss of lexical knowledge, but there is only a general slowdown in retrieval mechanisms involved in lexical processing, due to possible decline of the executive functions. We used three tasks (verbal fluency, object naming, and semantic categorization). Two groups of participants were tested (Young, Y and Aged, A), without cognitive and psychiatric impairment and showing similar levels of vocabulary. Neuropsychological testing revealed that older participants had lower executive function scores, longer processing speeds, and tended to have lower verbal fluency scores. Additionally, older participants showed higher scores for verbal automatisms and overlearned information. In terms of behavioral data, older participants performed as accurate as younger adults, but they were significantly slower for the semantic categorization and were less fluent for verbal fluency task. Functional MRI analyses suggested that older adults did not simply activate fewer brain regions involved in word production, but they actually showed an atypical pattern of activation. Significant correlations between the BOLD (Blood Oxygen Level Dependent) signal of aging-related (A > Y) regions and cognitive scores suggested that this atypical pattern of the activation may reveal several compensatory mechanisms (a) to overcome the slowdown in retrieval, due to the decline of executive functions and processing speed and (b) to inhibit verbal automatic processes. The BOLD signal measured in some other aging-dependent regions did not correlate with the behavioral and neuropsychological scores, and the overactivation of these uncorrelated regions would simply reveal dedifferentiation that occurs with aging. Altogether, our results suggest that normal aging is associated with a more difficult access to lexico-semantic operations and representations by a slowdown in executive functions, without any conceptual loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Baciu
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LPNC, F-38040, Grenoble, France.
- CNRS, LPNC UMR 5105, F-38040, Grenoble, France.
| | - N Boudiaf
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LPNC, F-38040, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, LPNC UMR 5105, F-38040, Grenoble, France
| | - E Cousin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LPNC, F-38040, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, LPNC UMR 5105, F-38040, Grenoble, France
- UMS IRMaGe CHU Grenoble, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38043, Grenoble, France
| | - M Perrone-Bertolotti
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LPNC, F-38040, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, LPNC UMR 5105, F-38040, Grenoble, France
| | - C Pichat
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LPNC, F-38040, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, LPNC UMR 5105, F-38040, Grenoble, France
| | - N Fournet
- CNRS, LPNC UMR 5105, F-38040, Grenoble, France
- Univ. Savoie Montblanc, LPNC, F-73000, Chambéry, France
| | - H Chainay
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Université Lumière Lyon 2, F-69676, Bron, France
| | - L Lamalle
- UMS IRMaGe CHU Grenoble, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38043, Grenoble, France
| | - A Krainik
- UMS IRMaGe CHU Grenoble, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38043, Grenoble, France
- GIN Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38043, Grenoble, France
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Binney RJ, Ralph MAL. Using a combination of fMRI and anterior temporal lobe rTMS to measure intrinsic and induced activation changes across the semantic cognition network. Neuropsychologia 2015; 76:170-81. [PMID: 25448851 PMCID: PMC4582802 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
By developing and applying a method which combines fMRI and rTMS to explore semantic cognition, we identified both intrinsic (related to automatic changes in task/stimulus-related processing) and induced (i.e., associated with the effect of TMS) activation changes in the core, functionally-coupled network elements. Low-frequency rTMS applied to the human anterior temporal lobe (ATL) induced: (a) a local suppression at the site of stimulation; (b) remote suppression in three other ipsilateral semantic regions; and (c) a compensatory up-regulation in the contralateral ATL. Further examination of activity over time revealed that the compensatory changes appear to be a modulation of intrinsic variations that occur within the unperturbed network. As well as providing insights into the dynamic collaboration between core regions, the ability to observe intrinsic and induced changes in vivo may provide an important opportunity to understand the key mechanisms that underpin recovery of function in neurological patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Binney
- Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit (NARU), School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, UK; Eleanor M. Saffran Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew A Lambon Ralph
- Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit (NARU), School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, UK.
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