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Latgé-Tovar S, Bertrand E, Piolino P, Mograbi DC. The use of virtual reality as a perspective-taking manipulation to improve self-awareness in Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1376413. [PMID: 38725536 PMCID: PMC11079167 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1376413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lack of awareness of symptoms or having a condition referred to as anosognosia is a common feature of individuals with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Previous literature on AD reported difficulties in evaluating self-abilities, often showing underestimation of limitations. There is increasing evidence that the perspective through which information is presented may moderate the performance appraisal and that anosognosia in AD might be a consequence of a deficit in assuming a third-person perspective. In this context, some studies showed that subjects may better recognize self-and other-difficulties when exposed to a third-person perspective. Considering the variety of approaches aiming to investigate the lack of awareness, there is still a scarcity of methods that provide great ecological validity and consider more than one facet of awareness, thus failing to offer more accurate evaluations of daily experiences. The present paper primarily addresses the theme of the multidimensional character of awareness of abilities in AD and the effect of perspective-taking on its trajectories. The focus turns to virtual reality as a promising tool for a greater evaluation of perspective-taking and self-awareness. Particularly, these systems offer the possibility to involve users in cognitive and sensorimotor tasks that simulate daily life conditions within immersive and realistic environments, and a great sense of embodiment. We propose that virtual reality might allow a great level of complexity, veracity, and safety that is needed for individuals with AD to behave according to their actual abilities and enable to explore the liaison between the subject's viewpoint, performance, and self-evaluation. In addition, we suggest promising clinical implications of virtual reality-based methods for individualized assessments, investigating specific impacts on subjects' life and possible improvements in their awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Latgé-Tovar
- Institute of Psychiatry - Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elodie Bertrand
- Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau et Cognition (LMC), Institut de Psychologie, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Piolino
- Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau et Cognition (LMC), Institut de Psychologie, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Daniel C. Mograbi
- Institute of Psychiatry - Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Institute of Psychiatry – Psychology and Neuroscience King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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2
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Kern KL, McMains SA, Storer TW, Moffat SD, Schon K. Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with fMRI signal in right cerebellum lobule VIIa Crus I and II during spatial navigation in older adult women. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:979741. [PMID: 36506472 PMCID: PMC9727394 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.979741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial navigation is a cognitive skill critical for accomplishing daily goal-directed behavior in a complex environment; however, older adults exhibit marked decline in navigation performance with age. Neuroprotective interventions that enhance the functional integrity of navigation-linked brain regions, such as those in the medial temporal lobe memory system, may preserve spatial navigation performance in older adults. Importantly, a well-established body of literature suggests that cardiorespiratory fitness has measurable effects on neurobiological integrity in the medial temporal lobes, as well as in other brain areas implicated in spatial navigation, such as the precuneus and cerebellum. However, whether cardiorespiratory fitness modulates brain activity in these regions during navigation in older adults remains unknown. Thus, the primary objective of the current study was to examine cardiorespiratory fitness as a modulator of fMRI activity in navigation-linked brain regions in cognitively healthy older adults. To accomplish this objective, cognitively intact participants (N = 22, aged 60-80 years) underwent cardiorespiratory fitness testing to estimate maximal oxygen uptake (V · O2max) and underwent whole-brain high-resolution fMRI while performing a virtual reality navigation task. Our older adult sample demonstrated significant fMRI signal in the right and left retrosplenial cortex, right precuneus, right and left inferior parietal cortex, right and left cerebellum lobule VIIa Crus I and II, right fusiform gyrus, right parahippocampal cortex, right lingual gyrus, and right hippocampus during encoding of a virtual environment. Most importantly, in women but not men (N = 16), cardiorespiratory fitness was positively associated with fMRI activity in the right cerebellum lobule VIIa Crus I and II, but not other navigation-linked brain areas. These findings suggest that the influence of cardiorespiratory fitness on brain function extends beyond the hippocampus, as observed in other work, to the cerebellum lobule VIIa Crus I and II, a component of the cerebellum that has recently been linked to cognition and more specifically, spatial processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L. Kern
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Memory and Brain, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Thomas W. Storer
- Men’s Health, Aging, and Metabolism Unit, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Scott D. Moffat
- School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Karin Schon
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Memory and Brain, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
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3
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Derbie AY, Dejenie MA, Zegeye TG. Visuospatial representation in patients with mild cognitive impairment: Implication for rehabilitation. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31462. [PMID: 36343037 PMCID: PMC9646670 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral and neurophysiological experiments have demonstrated that distinct and common cognitive processes and associated neural substrates maintain allocentric and egocentric spatial representations. This review aimed to provide evidence from previous behavioral and neurophysiological studies on collating cognitive processes and associated neural substrates and linking them to the state of visuospatial representations in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Even though MCI patients showed impaired visuospatial attentional processing and working memory, previous neuropsychological experiments in MCI largely emphasized memory impairment and lacked substantiating evidence of whether memory impairment could be associated with how patients with MCI encode objects in space. The present review suggests that impaired memory capacity is linked to impaired allocentric representation in MCI patients. This review indicates that further research is needed to examine how the decline in visuospatial attentional resources during allocentric coding of space could be linked to working memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiot Y. Derbie
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
- Department of Psychology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- *Correspondence: Abiot Y. Derbie, Department of Psychology, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (e-mail: )
| | | | - Tsigie G. Zegeye
- Department of Special Needs, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
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4
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Starrett MJ, Huffman DJ, Ekstrom AD. Combining egoformative and alloformative cues in a novel tabletop navigation task. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2022; 87:1644-1664. [PMID: 36181560 PMCID: PMC9526213 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-022-01739-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous work has shown how different interfaces (i.e., route navigation, maps, or a combination of the two) influence spatial knowledge and recollection. To test for the existence of intermediate representations along an egocentric-to-allocentric continuum, we developed a novel task, tabletop navigation, to provide a mixture of cues that inform the emergence of egocentric and allocentric representations or strategies. In this novel tabletop task, participants navigated a remote-controlled avatar through a tabletop scale model of the virtual city. Participants learned virtual cities from either navigating routes, studying maps, or our new tabletop navigation task. We interleaved these learning tasks with either an in situ pointing task (the scene- and orientation-dependent pointing [SOP] task) or imagined judgements of relative direction (JRD) pointing. In Experiment 1, performance on each memory task was similar across learning tasks and performance on the route and map learning tasks correlated with more precise spatial recall on both the JRD and SOP tasks. Tabletop learning performance correlated with SOP performance only, suggesting a reliance on egocentric strategies, although increased utilization of the affordances of the tabletop task were related to JRD performance. In Experiment 2, using a modified criterion map learning task, participants who learned using maps provided more precise responses on the JRD compared to route or tabletop learning. Together, these findings provide mixed evidence for both optimization and egocentric predominance after learning from the novel tabletop navigation task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Starrett
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA. .,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Derek J Huffman
- Department of Psychology, Colby College, Waterville, ME, 04901, USA
| | - Arne D Ekstrom
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.,Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
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5
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Aging: working memory capacity and spatial strategies in a virtual orientation task. GeroScience 2022; 45:159-175. [PMID: 35690689 PMCID: PMC9886750 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00599-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain networks involved in working and spatial memory are closely intertwined, outlining a potential relation between these processes, which are also affected in non-pathological aging. Working memory is a pre-requisite for other complex cognitive processes. The main aim of this study is to explore how working memory capacity (WMC) can influence the asymmetrical decline in spatial orientation strategies in an older segment of population compared to young participants. Forty-eight older adults and twelve young students took part in the study. Working memory and spatial memory were assessed using the Change Localization Task and The Boxes Room Task, respectively. In The Boxes Room Task, two different configurations assessed the use of egocentric and allocentric reference frames. Results showed that older adults with better WMC outperformed those with lower WMC in several tasks. Independently of WMC capacity, older participants performed better in the allocentric condition of The Boxes Room. In addition, young participants outscored low WMC older participants, but did not differ from high WMC older adults. Overly, these findings support the important relationship between working memory capacity and spatial orientations abilities. Thus, basic cognitive mechanisms engaged in information processing could inform about other brain processes more complex in nature, like spatial orientation skills.
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Moon HJ, Gauthier B, Park HD, Faivre N, Blanke O. Sense of self impacts spatial navigation and hexadirectional coding in human entorhinal cortex. Commun Biol 2022; 5:406. [PMID: 35501331 PMCID: PMC9061856 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03361-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Grid cells in entorhinal cortex (EC) encode an individual's location in space and rely on environmental cues and self-motion cues derived from the individual's body. Body-derived signals are also primary signals for the sense of self and based on integrated sensorimotor signals (proprioceptive, tactile, visual, motor) that have been shown to enhance self-centered processing. However, it is currently unknown whether such sensorimotor signals that modulate self-centered processing impact grid cells and spatial navigation. Integrating the online manipulation of bodily signals, to modulate self-centered processing, with a spatial navigation task and an fMRI measure to detect grid cell-like representation (GCLR) in humans, we report improved performance in spatial navigation and decreased GCLR in EC. This decrease in entorhinal GCLR was associated with an increase in retrosplenial cortex activity, which was correlated with participants' navigation performance. These data link self-centered processes during spatial navigation to entorhinal and retrosplenial activity and highlight the role of different bodily factors at play when navigating in VR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-June Moon
- Center of Neuroprosthetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland.,Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Bionics, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Baptiste Gauthier
- Center of Neuroprosthetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland.,Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hyeong-Dong Park
- Center of Neuroprosthetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland.,Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Brain and Consciousness Research Centre, Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Nathan Faivre
- Center of Neuroprosthetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland.,Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,University Grenoble Alpes, University Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, Grenoble, France
| | - Olaf Blanke
- Center of Neuroprosthetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland. .,Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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7
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Spatial Navigation and Visuospatial Strategies in Typical and Atypical Aging. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11111421. [PMID: 34827423 PMCID: PMC8615446 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related spatial navigation decline is more pronounced in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. We used a realistic-looking virtual navigation test suite to analyze different aspects of visuospatial processing in typical and atypical aging. A total of 219 older adults were recruited from the Czech Brain Aging Study cohort. Cognitively normal older adults (CN; n = 78), patients with amnestic MCI (n = 75), and those with mild AD dementia (n = 66) underwent three navigational tasks, cognitive assessment, and brain MRI. Route learning and wayfinding/perspective-taking tasks distinguished the groups as performance and learning declined and specific visuospatial strategies were less utilized with increasing cognitive impairment. Increased perspective shift and utilization of non-specific strategies were associated with worse task performance across the groups. Primacy and recency effects were observed across the groups in the route learning and the wayfinding/perspective-taking task, respectively. In addition, a primacy effect was present in the wayfinding/perspective-taking task in the CN older adults. More effective spatial navigation was associated with better memory and executive functions. The results demonstrate that a realistic and ecologically valid spatial navigation test suite can reveal different aspects of visuospatial processing in typical and atypical aging.
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Li J, Zhang R, Liu S, Liang Q, Zheng S, He X, Huang R. Human spatial navigation: Neural representations of spatial scales and reference frames obtained from an ALE meta-analysis. Neuroimage 2021; 238:118264. [PMID: 34129948 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans use different spatial reference frames (allocentric or egocentric) to navigate successfully toward their destination in different spatial scale spaces (environmental or vista). However, it remains unclear how the brain represents different spatial scales and different spatial reference frames. Thus, we conducted an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis of 47 fMRI articles involving human spatial navigation. We found that both the environmental and vista spaces activated the parahippocampal place area (PPA), retrosplenial complex (RSC), and occipital place area in the right hemisphere. The environmental space showed stronger activation than the vista space in the occipital and frontal regions. No brain region exhibited stronger activation for the vista than the environmental space. The allocentric and egocentric reference frames activated the bilateral PPA and right RSC. The allocentric frame showed more stronger activations than the egocentric frame in the right culmen, left middle frontal gyrus, and precuneus. No brain region displayed stronger activation for the egocentric than the allocentric navigation. Our findings suggest that navigation in different spatial scale spaces can evoke specific and common brain regions, and that the brain regions representing spatial reference frames are not absolutely separated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, China
| | - Ruibin Zhang
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Guangzhou, China; Department of Psychiatry, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, China
| | - Qunjun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, China
| | - Senning Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, China
| | - Xianyou He
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, China
| | - Ruiwang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, China.
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9
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Derbie AY, Chau BKH, Wong CHY, Chen LD, Ting KH, Lam BYH, Lee TMC, Chan CCH, Smith Y. Common and distinct neural trends of allocentric and egocentric spatial coding: An ALE meta-analysis. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 53:3672-3687. [PMID: 33880818 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The uniqueness of neural processes between allocentric and egocentric spatial coding has been controversial. The distinctive paradigms used in previous studies for manipulating spatial coding could have attributed for the inconsistent results. This study was aimed to generate converging evidence from previous functional brain imaging experiments for collating neural substrates associated with these two types of spatial coding. An additional aim was to test whether test-taking processes would have influenced the results. We obtained coordinate-based functional neuroimaging data for 447 subjects and performed activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis. Among the 28 experiments, the results indicate two common clusters of convergence. They were the right precuneus and the right superior frontal gyrus as parts of the parieto-frontal circuit. Between-type differences were in the parieto-occipital circuit, with allocentric showing convergence in the superior occipital gyrus (SOG) cluster compared with egocentric showing convergence in the middle occipital gyrus (MOG) cluster. Task-specific influences were only found in allocentric spatial coding. Spatial judgment-oriented tasks seem to increase the demands on manipulating spatial relationships among the visual objects, while spatial navigation tasks seem to increase the demands on maintaining object representations. Our findings address the theoretical controversies on spatial coding that both the allocentric and egocentric types are common in their processes mediated by the parieto-frontal network, while unique and additional processes in the allocentric type are mediated by the parieto-occipital network. The positive results on possible task-specific confound offer insights into the future design of spatial tasks for eliciting spatial coding processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiot Y Derbie
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Psychology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Bolton K H Chau
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Clive H Y Wong
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li-Dian Chen
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kin-Hung Ting
- University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bess Y H Lam
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tatia M C Lee
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chetwyn C H Chan
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.,University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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10
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Hippocampal volume and navigational ability: The map(ping) is not to scale. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 126:102-112. [PMID: 33722618 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A critical question regards the neural basis of complex cognitive skill acquisition. One extensively studied skill is navigation, with evidence suggesting that humans vary widely in navigation abilities. Yet, data supporting the neural underpinning of these individual differences are mixed. Some evidence suggests robust structure-behavior relations between hippocampal volume and navigation ability, whereas other experiments show no such correlation. We focus on several possibilities for these discrepancies: 1) volumetric hippocampal changes are relevant only at the extreme ranges of navigational abilities; 2) hippocampal volume correlates across individuals but only for specific measures of navigation skill; 3) hippocampal volume itself does not correlate with navigation skill acquisition; connectivity patterns are more relevant. To explore this third possibility, we present a model emphasizing functional connectivity changes, particularly to extra-hippocampal structures. This class of models arises from the premise that navigation is dynamic and that good navigators flexibly solve spatial challenges. These models pave the way for research on other skills and provide more precise predictions for the neural basis of skill acquisition.
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11
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Baumann O, Mattingley JB. Extrahippocampal contributions to spatial navigation in humans: A review of the neuroimaging evidence. Hippocampus 2021; 31:640-657. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Baumann
- School of Psychology Bond University Robina Queensland Australia
| | - Jason B. Mattingley
- Queensland Brain Institute The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
- School of Psychology The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) Toronto Ontario Canada
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12
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Derbie AY, Chau B, Lam B, Fang YH, Ting KH, Wong CYH, Tao J, Chen LD, Chan CCH. Cortical Hemodynamic Response Associated with Spatial Coding: A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study. Brain Topogr 2021; 34:207-220. [PMID: 33484379 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-021-00821-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Allocentric and egocentric are two types of spatial coding. Previous studies reported the dorsal attention network's involvement in both types. To eliminate possible paradigm-specific confounds in the results, this study employed fine-grained cue-to-target paradigm to dissociate allocentric (aSC) and egocentric (eSC) spatial coding. Twenty-two participants completed a custom visuospatial task, and changes in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin (O2-Hb) were recorded using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator-regularized principal component (LASSO-RPC) algorithm was used to identify cortical sites that predicted the aSC and eSC conditions' reaction times. Significant changes in O2-Hb concentration in the right inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and post-central gyrus regions were common in both aSC and eSC. Results of inter-channel correlations further substantiate cortical activities in both conditions were predominantly over the right parieto-frontal areas. Together with right superior frontal gyrus areas be the reaction time neural correlates, the results suggest top-down attention and response-mapping processes are common to both spatial coding types. Changes unique to aSC were in clusters over the right intraparietal sulcus, right temporo-parietal junction, and left IPL. With the left pre-central gyrus region, be the reaction time neural correlate, aSC is likely to involve more orienting attention, updating of spatial information, and object-based response selection and inhibition than eSC. Future studies will use other visuospatial task designs for testing the robustness of the findings on spatial coding processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiot Y Derbie
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Psychology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Bolton Chau
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bess Lam
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun-Hua Fang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kin-Hung Ting
- University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Clive Y H Wong
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing Tao
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li-Dian Chen
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chetwyn C H Chan
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
- University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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13
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Tuena C, Mancuso V, Stramba-Badiale C, Pedroli E, Stramba-Badiale M, Riva G, Repetto C. Egocentric and Allocentric Spatial Memory in Mild Cognitive Impairment with Real-World and Virtual Navigation Tasks: A Systematic Review. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 79:95-116. [PMID: 33216034 PMCID: PMC7902987 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spatial navigation is the ability to estimate one's position on the basis of environmental and self-motion cues. Spatial memory is the cognitive substrate underlying navigation and relies on two different reference frames: egocentric and allocentric. These spatial frames are prone to decline with aging and impairment is even more pronounced in Alzheimer's disease (AD) or in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review of experimental studies investigating which MCI population and tasks are used to evaluate spatial memory and how allocentric and egocentric deficits are impaired in MCI after navigation. METHODS PRISMA and PICO guidelines were applied to carry out the systematic search. Down and Black checklist was used to assess methodological quality. RESULTS Our results showed that amnestic MCI and AD pathology are the most investigated typologies; both egocentric and allocentric memory are impaired in MCI individuals, and MCI due to AD biomarkers has specific encoding and retrieval impairments; secondly, spatial navigation is principally investigated with the hidden goal task (virtual and real-world version), and among studies involving virtual reality, the privileged setting consists of non-immersive technology; thirdly, despite subtle differences, real-world and virtual versions showed good overlap for the assessment of MCI spatial memory. CONCLUSION Considering that MCI is a subclinical entity with potential risk for conversion to dementia, investigating spatial memory deficits with navigation tasks might be crucial to make accurate diagnosis and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Tuena
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Mancuso
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Stramba-Badiale
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Pedroli
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Faculty of Psychology, Universitá eCampus, Novedrate, Italy
| | - Marco Stramba-Badiale
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Repetto
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
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14
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Evensmoen HR, Rimol LM, Winkler AM, Betzel R, Hansen TI, Nili H, Håberg A. Allocentric representation in the human amygdala and ventral visual stream. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108658. [PMID: 33472067 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex are considered the main brain structures for allocentric representation of the external environment. Here, we show that the amygdala and the ventral visual stream are involved in allocentric representation. Thirty-one young men explored 35 virtual environments during high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and were subsequently tested on recall of the allocentric pattern of the objects in each environment-in other words, the positions of the objects relative to each other and to the outer perimeter. We find increasingly unique brain activation patterns associated with increasing allocentric accuracy in distinct neural populations in the perirhinal cortex, parahippocampal cortex, fusiform cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, and entorhinal cortex. In contrast to the traditional view of a hierarchical MTL network with the hippocampus at the top, we demonstrate, using recently developed graph analyses, a hierarchical allocentric MTL network without a main connector hub.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hallvard Røe Evensmoen
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7489 Trondheim, Norway; Department of Medical Imaging, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Lars M Rimol
- Department of Psychology, NTNU, 7489 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anderson M Winkler
- National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Richard Betzel
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Tor Ivar Hansen
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7489 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hamed Nili
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3UD Oxford, UK
| | - Asta Håberg
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7489 Trondheim, Norway; Department of Medical Imaging, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
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15
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Moraresku S, Vlcek K. The use of egocentric and allocentric reference frames in static and dynamic conditions in humans. Physiol Res 2020; 69:787-801. [PMID: 32901499 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The dissociation between egocentric and allocentric reference frames is well established. Spatial coding relative to oneself has been associated with a brain network distinct from spatial coding using a cognitive map independently of the actual position. These differences were, however, revealed by a variety of tasks from both static conditions, using a series of images, and dynamic conditions, using movements through space. We aimed to clarify how these paradigms correspond to each other concerning the neural correlates of the use of egocentric and allocentric reference frames. We review here studies of allocentric and egocentric judgments used in static two- and three-dimensional tasks and compare their results with the findings from spatial navigation studies. We argue that neural correlates of allocentric coding in static conditions but using complex three-dimensional scenes and involving spatial memory of participants resemble those in spatial navigation studies, while allocentric representations in two-dimensional tasks are connected with other perceptual and attentional processes. In contrast, the brain networks associated with the egocentric reference frame in static two-dimensional and three-dimensional tasks and spatial navigation tasks are, with some limitations, more similar. Our review demonstrates the heterogeneity of experimental designs focused on spatial reference frames. At the same time, it indicates similarities in brain activation during reference frame use despite this heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Moraresku
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic. ,
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16
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Chen W, Liu B, Li X, Wang P, Wang B. Sex Differences in Spatial Memory. Neuroscience 2020; 443:140-147. [PMID: 32710913 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Spatial memory is an essential ability for living. Some studies have demonstrated the finding of sex differences in spatial memory. However, the results are diverse, ranging from "significant difference" to "no difference". In this study, we sought to determine the underlying sex differences observed during spatial memory by examining neurofunctional differences in the distinct cortical regions that lay within the spatial memory network. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to measure neural responses while healthy young adults were engaged in spatial memory tasks with different levels of memory load. Our results not only illustrate consistent spatial memory networks between the female and male groups but also find a functional interaction between sex and difficulty in left superior frontal gyrus (lSFG) during the encoding phase. In addition, sex divergences in spatial memory appear when task difficulty increases. In sum, our study supports the existence of sex differences in spatial memory and demonstrates the role of task-difficulty expressed in terms of spatial memory involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Chen
- College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Baolin Liu
- School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Xianglin Li
- Medical Imaging Research Institute, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Peiyuan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- Medical Imaging Research Institute, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
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17
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Li AWY, King J. Spatial memory and navigation in ageing: A systematic review of MRI and fMRI studies in healthy participants. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 103:33-49. [PMID: 31129234 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM Spatial deficits are widely observed in normal ageing and early Alzheimer's disease. This review systematically examined neuroimaging evidence for structural and functional differences in the hippocampus (HC) associated with non-pathological age-related changes in allocentric spatial abilities. METHODS Databases were searched to identify peer-reviewed studies on allocentric spatial processing in normal ageing including MRI or fMRI data. 15 eligible studies were reviewed after applying exclusion criteria and quality assessment. RESULTS There was a marked deficit in allocentric spatial processing and trend towards egocentric strategies in older adults when compared to young controls or across the lifespan, associated in the majority of studies with HC volumetric changes, metabolic or microstructural indicators, and underactivity. A few studies reported no significant correlations. CONCLUSION Findings confirm literature supporting an age-related allocentric spatial processing deficit and a shift towards egocentric strategies. A majority of studies implicated HC atrophy, microstructural/metabolic alterations or functional changes in age-related allocentric spatial impairment. More sensitive imaging techniques and ecologically valid spatial tasks are needed to detect subtle changes in the HC and brain's navigational network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne W Y Li
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
| | - John King
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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18
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Explaining the neural activity distribution associated with discrete movement sequences: Evidence for parallel functional systems. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2018; 19:138-153. [PMID: 30406305 PMCID: PMC6344389 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-018-00651-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
To explore the effects of practice we scanned participants with fMRI while they were performing four-key unfamiliar and familiar sequences, and compared the associated activities relative to simple control sequences. On the basis of a recent cognitive model of sequential motor behavior (C-SMB), we propose that the observed neural activity would be associated with three functional networks that can operate in parallel and that allow (a) responding to stimuli in a reaction mode, (b) sequence execution using spatial sequence representations in a central-symbolic mode, and (c) sequence execution using motor chunk representations in a chunking mode. On the basis of this model and findings in the literature, we predicted which neural areas would be active during execution of the unfamiliar and familiar keying sequences. The observed neural activities were largely in line with our predictions, and allowed functions to be attributed to the active brain areas that fit the three above functional systems. The results corroborate C-SMB’s assumption that at advanced skill levels the systems executing motor chunks and translating key-specific stimuli are racing to trigger individual responses. They further support recent behavioral indications that spatial sequence representations continue to be used.
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19
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Ranganath C. Time, memory, and the legacy of Howard Eichenbaum. Hippocampus 2018; 29:146-161. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charan Ranganath
- Center for Neuroscience and Department of Psychology University of California at Davis Davis California
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20
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Sherrill KR, Chrastil ER, Aselcioglu I, Hasselmo ME, Stern CE. Structural Differences in Hippocampal and Entorhinal Gray Matter Volume Support Individual Differences in First Person Navigational Ability. Neuroscience 2018; 380:123-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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21
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Jeye BM, MacEvoy SP, Karanian JM, Slotnick SD. Distinct regions of the hippocampus are associated with memory for different spatial locations. Brain Res 2018; 1687:41-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Conson M, Bianchini F, Quarantelli M, Boccia M, Salzano S, Di Vita A, Guariglia C. Selective map-following navigation deficit: A new case of developmental topographical disorientation. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2018; 40:940-950. [PMID: 29614925 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2018.1451493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Developmental topographical disorientation (DTD) is a lifelong condition in which affected individuals are selectively impaired in navigating space. Although it seems that DTD is widespread in the population, only a few cases have been studied from both a behavioral and a neuroimaging point of view. Here, we report a new case of DTD, never described previously, of a young woman (C.F.) showing a specific deficit in translating allocentrically coded information into egocentrically guided navigation, in presence of spared ability of constructing such representations. METHOD A series of behavioral experiments was performed together with a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). RESULTS We demonstrated that C.F. was fully effective in learning and following routes and in building up cognitive maps as well as in recognizing landmarks. C.F.'s navigational skills, instead, dropped drastically in the map-following task when she was required to use a map to navigate in a novel environment. The rs-fMRI experiment demonstrated aberrant functional connectivity between regions within the default-mode network (DMN), and in particular between medial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate, medial parietal, and temporal cortices. DISCUSSION Our results would suggest that, at least in C.F., dysfunctional coactivation of core DMN regions would interfere with the ability to exploit cognitive maps for real-life navigation even when these maps can be correctly built.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Conson
- a Developmental Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," , Caserta , Italy
| | - Filippo Bianchini
- b Department of Psychology , "Sapienza" University of Rome , Rome , Italy.,c Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation Unit , IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia , Rome , Italy
| | - Mario Quarantelli
- d Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging , National Research Council , Naples , Italy
| | - Maddalena Boccia
- b Department of Psychology , "Sapienza" University of Rome , Rome , Italy.,c Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation Unit , IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia , Rome , Italy
| | - Sara Salzano
- e Cognitive-Behavioral School of Psychotherapy "Serapide SPEE," , Naples , Italy
| | - Antonella Di Vita
- b Department of Psychology , "Sapienza" University of Rome , Rome , Italy.,c Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation Unit , IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia , Rome , Italy.,f PhD Program in Behavioral Neuroscience , "Sapienza" University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Cecilia Guariglia
- b Department of Psychology , "Sapienza" University of Rome , Rome , Italy.,c Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation Unit , IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia , Rome , Italy
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23
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Kolarik BS, Baer T, Shahlaie K, Yonelinas AP, Ekstrom AD. Close but no cigar: Spatial precision deficits following medial temporal lobe lesions provide novel insight into theoretical models of navigation and memory. Hippocampus 2018; 28:31-41. [PMID: 28888032 PMCID: PMC5747326 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that the human hippocampus contributes to a range of different behaviors, including episodic memory, language, short-term memory, and navigation. A novel theoretical framework, the Precision and Binding Model, accounts for these phenomenon by describing a role for the hippocampus in high-resolution, complex binding. Other theories like Cognitive Map Theory, in contrast, predict a specific role for the hippocampus in allocentric navigation, while Declarative Memory Theory predicts a specific role in delay-dependent conscious memory. Navigation provides a unique venue for testing these predictions, with past results from research with humans providing inconsistent findings regarding the role of the human hippocampus in spatial navigation. Here, we tested five patients with lesions primarily restricted to the hippocampus and those extending out into the surrounding medial temporal lobe cortex on a virtual water maze task. Consistent with the Precision and Binding Model, we found partially intact allocentric memory in all patients, with impairments in the spatial precision of their searches for a hidden target. We found similar impairments at both immediate and delayed testing. Our findings are consistent with the Precision and Binding Model of hippocampal function, arguing for its role across domains in high-resolution, complex binding. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Remembering goal locations in one's environment is a critical skill for survival. How this information is represented in the brain is still not fully understood, but is believed to rely in some capacity on structures in the medial temporal lobe. Contradictory findings from studies of both humans and animals have been difficult to reconcile with regard to the role of the MTL, specifically the hippocampus. By assessing impairments observed during navigation to a goal in patients with medial temporal lobe damage we can better understand the role these structures play in such behavior. Utilizing virtual reality and novel analysis techniques, we have more precisely assessed the impact that medial temporal lobe damage has on spatial memory and navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branden S Kolarik
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, 95618
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, 95618
| | - Trevor Baer
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, 95618
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, 95618
| | - Kiarash Shahlaie
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, 95817
| | - Andrew P Yonelinas
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, 95618
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, 95618
| | - Arne D Ekstrom
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, 95618
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, 95618
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24
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Mohammadi A, Hesami E, Kargar M, Shams J. Detecting allocentric and egocentric navigation deficits in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder using virtual reality. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2017; 28:398-415. [DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2017.1369888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mohammadi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Hesami
- Department of Speech Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Kargar
- Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamal Shams
- Behavioral Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Colombo D, Serino S, Tuena C, Pedroli E, Dakanalis A, Cipresso P, Riva G. Egocentric and allocentric spatial reference frames in aging: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 80:605-621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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26
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Ekstrom AD, Ranganath C. Space, time, and episodic memory: The hippocampus is all over the cognitive map. Hippocampus 2017; 28:680-687. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arne D. Ekstrom
- Center for NeuroscienceUniversity of CaliforniaDavis, 1544 Newton Court, Davis California
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavis, Davis California
- Neuroscience Graduate GroupUniversity of CaliforniaDavis, Davis California
| | - Charan Ranganath
- Center for NeuroscienceUniversity of CaliforniaDavis, 1544 Newton Court, Davis California
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavis, Davis California
- Neuroscience Graduate GroupUniversity of CaliforniaDavis, Davis California
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27
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Individual Differences in Human Path Integration Abilities Correlate with Gray Matter Volume in Retrosplenial Cortex, Hippocampus, and Medial Prefrontal Cortex. eNeuro 2017; 4:eN-NWR-0346-16. [PMID: 28451633 PMCID: PMC5392707 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0346-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans differ in their individual navigational abilities. These individual differences may exist in part because successful navigation relies on several disparate abilities, which rely on different brain structures. One such navigational capability is path integration, the updating of position and orientation, in which navigators track distances, directions, and locations in space during movement. Although structural differences related to landmark-based navigation have been examined, gray matter volume related to path integration ability has not yet been tested. Here, we examined individual differences in two path integration paradigms: (1) a location tracking task and (2) a task tracking translational and rotational self-motion. Using voxel-based morphometry, we related differences in performance in these path integration tasks to variation in brain morphology in 26 healthy young adults. Performance in the location tracking task positively correlated with individual differences in gray matter volume in three areas critical for path integration: the hippocampus, the retrosplenial cortex, and the medial prefrontal cortex. These regions are consistent with the path integration system known from computational and animal models and provide novel evidence that morphological variability in retrosplenial and medial prefrontal cortices underlies individual differences in human path integration ability. The results for tracking rotational self-motion-but not translation or location-demonstrated that cerebellum gray matter volume correlated with individual performance. Our findings also suggest that these three aspects of path integration are largely independent. Together, the results of this study provide a link between individual abilities and the functional correlates, computational models, and animal models of path integration.
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28
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Grol M, Vingerhoets G, De Raedt R. Mental imagery of positive and neutral memories: A fMRI study comparing field perspective imagery to observer perspective imagery. Brain Cogn 2017; 111:13-24. [PMID: 27816776 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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29
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Zhou R, Mou W. The limits of boundaries: unpacking localization and cognitive mapping relative to a boundary. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2017; 82:617-633. [DOI: 10.1007/s00426-016-0839-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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30
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Shapira-Lichter I, Klovatch I, Nathan D, Oren N, Hendler T. Task-specific Aspects of Goal-directed Word Generation Identified via Simultaneous EEG–fMRI. J Cogn Neurosci 2016; 28:1406-18. [DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_00976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Generating words according to a given rule relies on retrieval-related search and postretrieval control processes. Using fMRI, we recently characterized neural patterns of word generation in response to episodic, semantic, and phonemic cues by comparing free recall of wordlists, category fluency, and letter fluency [Shapira-Lichter, I., Oren, N., Jacob, Y., Gruberger, M., & Hendler, T. Portraying the unique contribution of the default mode network to internally driven mnemonic processes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A., 110, 4950–4955, 2013]. Distinct selectivity for each condition was evident, representing discrete aspects of word generation-related memory retrieval. For example, the precuneus, implicated in processing spatiotemporal information, emerged as a key contributor to the episodic condition, which uniquely requires this information. Gamma band is known to play a central role in memory, and increased gamma power has been observed before word generation. Yet, gamma modulation in response to task demands has not been investigated. To capture the task-specific modulation of gamma power, we analyzed the EEG data recorded simultaneously with the aforementioned fMRI, focusing on the activity locked to and immediately preceding word articulation. Transient increases in gamma power were identified in a parietal electrode immediately before episodic and semantic word generation, however, within a different time frame relative to articulation. Gamma increases were followed by an alpha-theta decrease in the episodic condition, a gamma decrease in the semantic condition. This pattern indicates a task-specific modulation of the gamma signal corresponding to the specific demands of each word generation task. The gamma power and fMRI signal from the precuneus were correlated during the episodic condition, implying the existence of a common cognitive construct uniquely required for this task, possibly the reactivation or processing of spatiotemporal information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Noga Oren
- 1Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center
- 2Tel-Aviv University
| | - Talma Hendler
- 1Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center
- 2Tel-Aviv University
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31
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Filimon F. Are All Spatial Reference Frames Egocentric? Reinterpreting Evidence for Allocentric, Object-Centered, or World-Centered Reference Frames. Front Hum Neurosci 2015; 9:648. [PMID: 26696861 PMCID: PMC4673307 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use and neural representation of egocentric spatial reference frames is well-documented. In contrast, whether the brain represents spatial relationships between objects in allocentric, object-centered, or world-centered coordinates is debated. Here, I review behavioral, neuropsychological, neurophysiological (neuronal recording), and neuroimaging evidence for and against allocentric, object-centered, or world-centered spatial reference frames. Based on theoretical considerations, simulations, and empirical findings from spatial navigation, spatial judgments, and goal-directed movements, I suggest that all spatial representations may in fact be dependent on egocentric reference frames.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Filimon
- Adaptive Behavior and Cognition, Max Planck Institute for Human Development Berlin, Germany ; Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Berlin, Germany
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Sulpizio V, Committeri G, Lambrey S, Berthoz A, Galati G. Role of the human retrosplenial cortex/parieto-occipital sulcus in perspective priming. Neuroimage 2015; 125:108-119. [PMID: 26484830 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to imagine the world from a different viewpoint is a fundamental competence for spatial reorientation and for imagining what another individual sees in the environment. Here, we investigated the neural bases of such an ability using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Healthy participants detected target displacements across consecutive views of a familiar virtual room, either from the perspective of an avatar (primed condition) or in the absence of such a prime (unprimed condition). In the primed condition, the perspective at test always corresponded to the avatar's perspective, while in the unprimed condition it was randomly chosen as 0, 45 or 135deg of viewpoint rotation. We observed a behavioral advantage in performing a perspective transformation during the primed condition as compared to an equivalent amount of unprimed perspective change. Although many cortical regions (dorsal parietal, parieto-temporo-occipital junction, precuneus and retrosplenial cortex/parieto-occipital sulcus or RSC/POS) were involved in encoding and retrieving target location from different perspectives and were modulated by the amount of viewpoint rotation, the RSC/POS was the only area showing decreased activity in the primed as compared to the unprimed condition, suggesting that this region anticipates the upcoming perspective change. The retrosplenial cortex/parieto-occipital sulcus appears to play a special role in the allocentric coding of heading directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Sulpizio
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy; Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Roma, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Committeri
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, and ITAB, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Simon Lambrey
- LPPA, Collège de France-CNRS, Paris, France; Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | - Gaspare Galati
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy; Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Roma, Italy
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33
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Impoverished descriptions of familiar routes in three cases of hippocampal/medial temporal lobe amnesia. Cortex 2015; 71:248-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Agarwal SM, Danivas V, Amaresha AC, Shivakumar V, Kalmady SV, Bose A, Narayanaswamy JC, Venkatasubramanian G. Cognitive mapping deficits in schizophrenia: Evidence from clinical correlates of visuospatial transformations. Psychiatry Res 2015; 228:304-11. [PMID: 26162664 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The 'cognitive mapping' component of spatial cognition, namely - the allocentric/egocentric function and its relation to symptoms in schizophrenia is relatively unexplored. In this study, we compared schizophrenia patients (N=44) to demographically-matched healthy controls (N=43) using computer-administered visuospatial transformation tasks with egocentric and allocentric components and analyzed their correlation with symptoms. Significant diagnosis X task-type interaction effect was seen on task accuracy. Patients performed significantly worse than controls in the allocentric letter rotation task (LRT) but not in the egocentric people rotation task (PRT). Accuracy in the LRT was significantly lesser than in PRT among patients but not among controls. Patients were significantly slower as compared to controls in both tasks. Both groups took longer to perform PRT as compared to LRT. LRT accuracy showed significant negative correlation with total positive symptoms as well as negative symptoms scores. Angle of rotation, perspective (front-facing/back-facing), orientation (mirrored/normal), and stimulus type (letter/number) were found to significantly influence performance in both groups of subjects. The present data support the finding that there is a differential impairment of allocentric abilities in schizophrenia patients. Further systematic research in this area may facilitate better understanding of schizophrenia pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Mahavir Agarwal
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Vijay Danivas
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Anekal C Amaresha
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Venkataram Shivakumar
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Sunil V Kalmady
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Anushree Bose
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Janardhanan C Narayanaswamy
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
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35
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Abstract
The discoveries of "place cells" in the hippocampus and "grid cells" in the entorhinal cortex are landmark achievements in relating behavior to neural activity, permitting analysis of a powerful system for spatial representation in the brain. The contributions of this work include not only the empirical findings but also the approach this work pioneered of examining neural activity in complex behaviors with real ecological validity in freely moving animals, and of attempting to place the findings in the larger context of how the neural representations of space are used in service of real-world behavior, namely what the Nobel committee described as permitting us to "navigate our way through a complex environment." These discoveries and approaches have had far-ranging impact on and implications for work in human cognitive neuroscience, where we see (1) confirmation in humans that the hippocampus and overlying MTL cortex are critically engaged in supporting a relational representation of space, and that it can be used for flexible spatial navigation and (2) evidence that these regions are also critically involved in aspects of relational memory not limited to space, and in the flexible use of hippocampal memory extending beyond spatial navigation. Recent work, using tasks that emphasize the requirement for the active use of memory in online processing, just as spatial navigation has long placed such a requirement on rodents, suggests that the hippocampus and related MTL cortex can support the navigating of environments even more complex than what is needed in spatial navigation. It allows us to use memory in guiding upcoming actions and choices to act optimally in and on the world, permitting us to navigate life in all its beautiful complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal J. Cohen
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience Program, and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois
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36
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Ekstrom AD. Why vision is important to how we navigate. Hippocampus 2015; 25:731-5. [PMID: 25800632 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Place cells are a fundamental component of the rodent navigational system. One intriguing implication of place cells is that humans, by extension, have "map-like" (or GPS-like) knowledge that we use to represent space. Here, we review both behavioral and neural studies of human navigation, suggesting that how we process visual information forms a critical component of how we represent space. These include cellular and brain systems devoted to coding visual information during navigation in addition to a location coding system similar to that described in rodents. Together, these findings suggest that while it is highly useful to think of our navigation system involving internal "maps," we should not neglect the importance of high-resolution visual representations to how we navigate space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne D Ekstrom
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, California.,Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, California.,Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, California
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37
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Gomez A, Rousset S, Bonniot C, Charnallet A, Moreaud O. Deficits in egocentric-updating and spatial context memory in a case of developmental amnesia. Neurocase 2015; 21:226-43. [PMID: 24579921 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2014.890730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Patients with developmental amnesia usually suffer from both episodic and spatial memory deficits. DM, a developmental amnesic, was impaired in her ability to process self-motion (i.e., idiothetic) information while her ability to process external stable landmarks (i.e., allothetic) was preserved when no self-motion processing was required. On a naturalistic and incidental episodic task, DM was severely and predictably impaired on both free and cued recall tasks. Interestingly, when cued, she was more impaired at recalling spatial context than factual or temporal information. Theoretical implications of that co-occurrence of deficits and those dissociations are discussed and testable cerebral hypothesis are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gomez
- a LPNC , CNRS, UMR 5105, Université Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France
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38
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Roles of human hippocampal subfields in retrieval of spatial and temporal context. Behav Brain Res 2014; 278:549-58. [PMID: 25446813 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
While numerous studies indicate the involvement of the hippocampus in encoding and retrieval of spatial and temporal context, the neural basis of spatial and temporal processing within the hippocampal circuit remains unclear. We employed a novel paradigm in which participants encoded stores within a spatial layout by visiting them in a specific temporal order. Participants then underwent high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) targeting the hippocampus while retrieving details of the spatial or temporal context in alternating blocks. During retrieval, participants made judgments about either near or far intervals within the spatial layout or temporal sequence. Across both near and far intervals, we found that retrieving spatial layout and temporal order information resulted in comparable levels of activation in the hippocampus that was not preferentially localized to a specific subfield. Furthermore, using a multivariate approach called multivariate pattern similarity analysis (MPSA), we found that correct near judgments vs. correct far judgments differed in their patterns of activity for spatial vs. temporal order judgments. Despite these differences in MPSA patterns, we did not find any specific subfields differentially recruited for spatial vs. temporal order retrieval. We discuss our results in terms of their relation to computational models of hippocampal subfield function and suggest mechanisms by which the hippocampus could process space and temporal order without the need for specific contributions from hippocampal subfields.
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39
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Olivé I, Tempelmann C, Berthoz A, Heinze HJ. Increased functional connectivity between superior colliculus and brain regions implicated in bodily self-consciousness during the rubber hand illusion. Hum Brain Mapp 2014; 36:717-30. [PMID: 25346407 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bodily self-consciousness refers to bodily processes operating at personal, peripersonal, and extrapersonal spatial dimensions. Although the neural underpinnings of representations of personal and peripersonal space associated with bodily self-consciousness were thoroughly investigated, relatively few is known about the neural underpinnings of representations of extrapersonal space relevant for bodily self-consciousness. In the search to unravel brain structures generating a representation of the extrapersonal space relevant for bodily self-consciousness, we developed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study to investigate the implication of the superior colliculus (SC) in bodily illusions, and more specifically in the rubber hand illusion (RHi), which constitutes an established paradigm to study the neural underpinnings of bodily self-consciousness. We observed activation of the colliculus ipsilateral to the manipulated hand associated with eliciting of RHi. A generalized form of context-dependent psychophysiological interaction analysis unravelled increased illusion-dependent functional connectivity between the SC and some of the main brain areas previously involved in bodily self-consciousness: right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ), bilateral ventral premotor cortex (vPM), and bilateral postcentral gyrus. We hypothesize that the collicular map of the extrapersonal space interacts with maps of the peripersonal and personal space generated at rTPJ, vPM and the postcentral gyrus, producing a unified representation of space that is relevant for bodily self-consciousness. We suggest that processes of multisensory integration of bodily-related sensory inputs located in this unified representation of space constitute one main factor underpinning emergence of bodily self-consciousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora Olivé
- Universitätsklinik für Neurologie, Otto-von-Guerrick Universität Magdeburg, Leipziger Chaussee 44 39120 Magdeburg SA, Deutschland; Laboratoire de Physiologie de l'Action et de la Perception, UMR 7152, Collège de France CNRS. 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France
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40
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Ekstrom AD, Arnold AEGF, Iaria G. A critical review of the allocentric spatial representation and its neural underpinnings: toward a network-based perspective. Front Hum Neurosci 2014; 8:803. [PMID: 25346679 PMCID: PMC4193251 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
While the widely studied allocentric spatial representation holds a special status in neuroscience research, its exact nature and neural underpinnings continue to be the topic of debate, particularly in humans. Here, based on a review of human behavioral research, we argue that allocentric representations do not provide the kind of map-like, metric representation one might expect based on past theoretical work. Instead, we suggest that almost all tasks used in past studies involve a combination of egocentric and allocentric representation, complicating both the investigation of the cognitive basis of an allocentric representation and the task of identifying a brain region specifically dedicated to it. Indeed, as we discuss in detail, past studies suggest numerous brain regions important to allocentric spatial memory in addition to the hippocampus, including parahippocampal, retrosplenial, and prefrontal cortices. We thus argue that although allocentric computations will often require the hippocampus, particularly those involving extracting details across temporally specific routes, the hippocampus is not necessary for all allocentric computations. We instead suggest that a non-aggregate network process involving multiple interacting brain areas, including hippocampus and extra-hippocampal areas such as parahippocampal, retrosplenial, prefrontal, and parietal cortices, better characterizes the neural basis of spatial representation during navigation. According to this model, an allocentric representation does not emerge from the computations of a single brain region (i.e., hippocampus) nor is it readily decomposable into additive computations performed by separate brain regions. Instead, an allocentric representation emerges from computations partially shared across numerous interacting brain regions. We discuss our non-aggregate network model in light of existing data and provide several key predictions for future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne D Ekstrom
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis Davis, CA, USA ; Department of Psychology, University of California at Davis Davis, CA, USA ; Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of California at Davis Davis, CA, USA
| | - Aiden E G F Arnold
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis Davis, CA, USA ; Department of Psychology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Giuseppe Iaria
- Department of Psychology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary Calgary, AB, Canada
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41
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Dhindsa K, Drobinin V, King J, Hall GB, Burgess N, Becker S. Examining the role of the temporo-parietal network in memory, imagery, and viewpoint transformations. Front Hum Neurosci 2014; 8:709. [PMID: 25278860 PMCID: PMC4165350 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional view of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) focuses on its role in episodic memory. However, some of the underlying functions of the MTL can be ascertained from its wider role in supporting spatial cognition in concert with parietal and prefrontal regions. The MTL is strongly implicated in the formation of enduring allocentric representations (e.g., O'Keefe, 1976; King et al., 2002; Ekstrom et al., 2003). According to our BBB model (Byrne et al., 2007), these representations must interact with head-centered and body-centered representations in posterior parietal cortex via a transformation circuit involving retrosplenial areas. Egocentric sensory representations in parietal areas can then cue the recall of allocentric spatial representations in long-term memory and, conversely, the products of retrieval in MTL can generate mental imagery within a parietal “window.” Such imagery is necessarily egocentric and forms part of visuospatial working memory, in which it can be manipulated for the purpose of planning/imagining the future. Recent fMRI evidence (Lambrey et al., 2012; Zhang et al., 2012) supports the BBB model. To further test the model, we had participants learn the locations of objects in a virtual scene and tested their spatial memory under conditions that impose varying demands on the transformation circuit. We analyzed how brain activity correlated with accuracy in judging the direction of an object (1) from visuospatial working memory (we assume transient working memory due to the order of tasks and the absence of change in viewpoint, but long-term memory retrieval is also possible), (2) after a rotation of viewpoint, or (3) after a rotation and translation of viewpoint (judgment of relative direction). We found performance-related activity in both tasks requiring viewpoint rotation (ROT and JRD, i.e., conditions 2 and 3) in the core medial temporal to medial parietal circuit identified by the BBB model. These results are consistent with the predictions of the BBB model, and shed further light on the neural mechanisms underlying spatial memory, mental imagery and viewpoint transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiret Dhindsa
- School of Computational Science and Engineering, McMaster University Hamilton, ON, Canada ; Neurotechnology and Neuroplasticity Lab, Department of Psychology Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Vladislav Drobinin
- Neurotechnology and Neuroplasticity Lab, Department of Psychology Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - John King
- Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London London, UK
| | - Geoffrey B Hall
- Neurotechnology and Neuroplasticity Lab, Department of Psychology Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Neil Burgess
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London London, UK
| | - Suzanna Becker
- Neurotechnology and Neuroplasticity Lab, Department of Psychology Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University Hamilton, ON, Canada
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42
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Banta Lavenex PA, Colombo F, Ribordy Lambert F, Lavenex P. The human hippocampus beyond the cognitive map: evidence from a densely amnesic patient. Front Hum Neurosci 2014; 8:711. [PMID: 25309387 PMCID: PMC4164002 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested a densely amnesic patient (P9), with bilateral hippocampal damage resulting from an autoimmune disorder, and 12 age- and sex-matched controls on a series of memory tasks designed to characterize allocentric spatial learning and memory abilities. We compared P9's ability to perform spatial memory tasks with her ability to perform non-spatial, color memory tasks. First, P9's performance was impaired as compared to controls even in the simplest versions of an allocentric spatial memory task, in which she had to find repeatedly over 10 trials the same location(s) of one, two or three illuminating foot pad(s) among 23 pads distributed in an open-field arena. In contrast, she performed as well as controls when she had to find repeatedly over 10 trials the same one, two or three pad(s) marked by color cue(s), whose locations varied between trials. Second, P9's performance was severely impaired in working memory tasks, when she had to learn on a trial-unique basis and remember the location(s) or the color(s) of one, two or three pad(s), while performing an interfering task during the 1-min interval separating encoding and retrieval. Without interference during the retention interval of the trial-unique tasks, P9's performance was partially preserved in the color tasks, whereas it remained severely impaired in the allocentric spatial tasks. Detailed behavioral analyses indicate that P9's memory representations are more limited than those of controls both in their precision (metric coding) and in the number of items that can be maintained in memory (capacity). These findings are consistent with the theory that the hippocampus contributes to the integration or binding of multiple items, in order to produce high-resolution/high-capacity representations of spatial and non-spatial information in the service of short-term/working and long-term memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela A Banta Lavenex
- Laboratory for Experimental Research on Behavior, Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Françoise Colombo
- Unit of Neuropsychology and Aphasiology, Cantonal Hospital of Fribourg Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Farfalla Ribordy Lambert
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Development, Department of Medicine and Fribourg Center for Cognition, University of Fribourg Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Lavenex
- Laboratory for Experimental Research on Behavior, Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland ; Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Development, Department of Medicine and Fribourg Center for Cognition, University of Fribourg Fribourg, Switzerland
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43
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Iaria G, Arnold AE, Burles F, Liu I, Slone E, Barclay S, Bech-Hansen TN, Levy RM. Developmental topographical disorientation and decreased hippocampal functional connectivity. Hippocampus 2014; 24:1364-74. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Iaria
- Department of Psychology and Hotchkiss Brain Institute; NeuroLab University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW; Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute; University of Calgary; 2500 University Drive NW; Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Aiden E.G.F. Arnold
- Department of Psychology and Hotchkiss Brain Institute; NeuroLab University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW; Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Ford Burles
- Department of Psychology and Hotchkiss Brain Institute; NeuroLab University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW; Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Irene Liu
- Department of Psychology and Hotchkiss Brain Institute; NeuroLab University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW; Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Edward Slone
- Department of Psychology and Hotchkiss Brain Institute; NeuroLab University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW; Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Sarah Barclay
- Department of Medical Genetics; University of Calgary; 2500 University Drive NW; Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Torben N. Bech-Hansen
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute; University of Calgary; 2500 University Drive NW; Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
- Department of Medical Genetics; University of Calgary; 2500 University Drive NW; Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Richard M. Levy
- Faculty of Environmental Design; University of Calgary; 2500 University Drive NW; Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
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44
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Yoder RM, Taube JS. The vestibular contribution to the head direction signal and navigation. Front Integr Neurosci 2014; 8:32. [PMID: 24795578 PMCID: PMC4001061 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2014.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial learning and navigation depend on neural representations of location and direction within the environment. These representations, encoded by place cells and head direction (HD) cells, respectively, are dominantly controlled by visual cues, but require input from the vestibular system. Vestibular signals play an important role in forming spatial representations in both visual and non-visual environments, but the details of this vestibular contribution are not fully understood. Here, we review the role of the vestibular system in generating various spatial signals in rodents, focusing primarily on HD cells. We also examine the vestibular system's role in navigation and the possible pathways by which vestibular information is conveyed to higher navigation centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M. Yoder
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University – Purdue University Fort WayneFort Wayne, IN, USA
| | - Jeffrey S. Taube
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Dartmouth CollegeHanover, NH, USA
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45
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Gomez A, Cerles M, Rousset S, Rémy C, Baciu M. Differential hippocampal and retrosplenial involvement in egocentric-updating, rotation, and allocentric processing during online spatial encoding: an fMRI study. Front Hum Neurosci 2014; 8:150. [PMID: 24688464 PMCID: PMC3960510 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The way new spatial information is encoded seems to be crucial in disentangling the role of decisive regions within the spatial memory network (i.e., hippocampus, parahippocampal, parietal, retrosplenial,…). Several data sources converge to suggest that the hippocampus is not always involved or indeed necessary for allocentric processing. Hippocampal involvement in spatial coding could reflect the integration of new information generated by “online” self-related changes. In this fMRI study, the participants started by encoding several object locations in a virtual reality environment and then performed a pointing task. Allocentric encoding was maximized by using a survey perspective and an object-to-object pointing task. Two egocentric encoding conditions were used, involving self-related changes processed under a first-person perspective and implicating a self-to-object pointing task. The Egocentric-updating condition involved navigation whereas the Egocentric with rotation only condition involved orientation changes only. Conjunction analysis of spatial encoding conditions revealed a wide activation of the occipito-parieto-frontal network and several medio-temporal structures. Interestingly, only the cuneal areas were significantly more recruited by the allocentric encoding in comparison to other spatial conditions. Moreover, the enhancement of hippocampal activation was found during Egocentric-updating encoding whereas the retrosplenial activation was observed during the Egocentric with rotation only condition. Hence, in some circumstances, hippocampal and retrosplenial structures—known for being involved in allocentric environmental coding—demonstrate preferential involvement in the egocentric coding of space. These results indicate that the raw differentiation between allocentric versus egocentric representation seems to no longer be sufficient in understanding the complexity of the mechanisms involved during spatial encoding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Gomez
- LPNC, Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble, France ; CNRS, LPNC UMR 5105 Grenoble, France ; ESPE, Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 5229, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Bron, France
| | - Mélanie Cerles
- LPNC, Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble, France ; CNRS, LPNC UMR 5105 Grenoble, France
| | - Stéphane Rousset
- LPNC, Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble, France ; CNRS, LPNC UMR 5105 Grenoble, France
| | - Chantal Rémy
- Joint Service Unit, UMS 3552, 'IRMaGe', CNRS/INSERM, Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, Joseph-Fourier University Grenoble, France ; Team 5 "Functional Neuroimaging and Brain Perfusion" of Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, INSERM/CEA, Joseph Fourier University Grenoble, France
| | - Monica Baciu
- LPNC, Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble, France ; CNRS, LPNC UMR 5105 Grenoble, France
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Hippocampus and retrosplenial cortex combine path integration signals for successful navigation. J Neurosci 2014; 33:19304-13. [PMID: 24305826 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1825-13.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study used fMRI in humans to examine goal-directed navigation in an open field environment. We designed a task that required participants to encode survey-level spatial information and subsequently navigate to a goal location in either first person, third person, or survey perspectives. Critically, no distinguishing landmarks or goal location markers were present in the environment, thereby requiring participants to rely on path integration mechanisms for successful navigation. We focused our analysis on mechanisms related to navigation and mechanisms tracking linear distance to the goal location. Successful navigation required translation of encoded survey-level map information for orientation and implementation of a planned route to the goal. Our results demonstrate that successful first and third person navigation trials recruited the anterior hippocampus more than trials when the goal location was not successfully reached. When examining only successful trials, the retrosplenial and posterior parietal cortices were recruited for goal-directed navigation in both first person and third person perspectives. Unique to first person perspective navigation, the hippocampus was recruited to path integrate self-motion cues with location computations toward the goal location. Last, our results demonstrate that the hippocampus supports goal-directed navigation by actively tracking proximity to the goal throughout navigation. When using path integration mechanisms in first person and third person perspective navigation, the posterior hippocampus was more strongly recruited as participants approach the goal. These findings provide critical insight into the neural mechanisms by which we are able to use map-level representations of our environment to reach our navigational goals.
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Bose A, Agarwal SM, Kalmady SV, Venkatasubramanian G. Cognitive mapping deficits in schizophrenia: a critical overview. Indian J Psychol Med 2014; 36:9-26. [PMID: 24701005 PMCID: PMC3959030 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7176.127242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal deficits are an established feature of schizophrenia and are complementary with recent evidences of marked allocentric processing deficits being reported in this disorder. By "Cognitive mapping" we intend to refer to the concepts from the seminal works of O'Keefe and Nadel (1978) that led to the development of cognitive map theory of hippocampal function. In this review, we summarize emerging evidences and issues that indicate that "Cognitive mapping deficits" form one of the important cognitive aberrations in schizophrenia. The importance has been placed upon hippocampally mediated allocentric processing deficits and their role in pathology of schizophrenia, for spatial/representational cognitive deficits and positive symptoms in particular. It is modestly summarized that emerging evidences point toward a web of spatial and cognitive representation errors concurrent with pronounced hippocampal dysfunction. In general, it can be stated that there are clear and consistent evidences that favor the cognitive mapping theory in explaining certain deficits of schizophrenia and for drawing out a possible and promising endophenotype/biomarkers. Further research in this regard demands attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushree Bose
- Department of Psychiatry, The Schizophrenia Clinic, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sri Mahavir Agarwal
- Department of Psychiatry, The Schizophrenia Clinic, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sunil V. Kalmady
- Department of Psychiatry, The Schizophrenia Clinic, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- Department of Psychiatry, The Schizophrenia Clinic, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Furuya Y, Matsumoto J, Hori E, Boas CV, Tran AH, Shimada Y, Ono T, Nishijo H. Place-related neuronal activity in the monkey parahippocampal gyrus and hippocampal formation during virtual navigation. Hippocampus 2013; 24:113-30. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Furuya
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama; Toyama Japan
- Department of Japanese Oriental Medicine; Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama; Toyama Japan
| | - Jumpei Matsumoto
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama; Toyama Japan
| | - Etsuro Hori
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama; Toyama Japan
| | - Cyrus Villas Boas
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama; Toyama Japan
| | - Anh Hai Tran
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama; Toyama Japan
| | - Yutaka Shimada
- Department of Japanese Oriental Medicine; Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama; Toyama Japan
| | - Taketoshi Ono
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama; Toyama Japan
| | - Hisao Nishijo
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama; Toyama Japan
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Yonelinas AP. The hippocampus supports high-resolution binding in the service of perception, working memory and long-term memory. Behav Brain Res 2013; 254:34-44. [PMID: 23721964 PMCID: PMC3773061 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that the hippocampus plays a critical role in our ability to recollect past events. A number of recent studies have indicated that the hippocampus may also play a critical role in working memory and perception, but these results have been highly controversial because other similar studies have failed to find evidence for hippocampal involvement. Thus, the precise role that the hippocampus plays in cognition is still debated. In the current paper, I propose that the hippocampus supports the generation and utilization of complex high-resolution bindings that link together the qualitative aspects that make up an event; these bindings are essential for recollection, and they can also contribute to performance across a variety of tasks including perception and working memory. An examination of the existing patient literature provides support for this proposal by showing that hippocampal damage leads to impairments on perception and working memory tasks that require complex high-resolution bindings. Conversely, hippocampal damage is much less likely to lead to impairments on tasks that require only low-resolution or simple associations/relations. The current proposal can be distinguished from earlier accounts of hippocampal function, and it generates a number of novel predictions that can be tested in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Yonelinas
- Department of Psychology, Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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50
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Howard LR, Kumaran D, Ólafsdóttir HF, Spiers HJ. Dissociation between dorsal and ventral posterior parietal cortical responses to incidental changes in natural scenes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67988. [PMID: 23874482 PMCID: PMC3706617 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is thought to interact with the medial temporal lobe (MTL) to support spatial cognition and topographical memory. While the response of medial temporal lobe regions to topographical stimuli has been intensively studied, much less research has focused on the role of PPC and its functional connectivity with the medial temporal lobe. Methodology/Principle Findings Here we report a dissociation between dorsal and ventral regions of PPC in response to different types of change in natural scenes using an fMRI adaptation paradigm. During scanning subjects performed an incidental target detection task whilst viewing trial unique sequentially presented pairs of natural scenes, each containing a single prominent object. We observed a dissociation between the superior parietal gyrus and the angular gyrus, with the former showing greater sensitivity to spatial change, and the latter showing greater sensitivity to scene novelty. In addition, we observed that the parahippocampal cortex has increased functional connectivity with the angular gyrus, but not superior parietal gyrus, when subjects view change to the scene content. Conclusions/Significance Our findings provide support for proposed dissociations between dorsal and ventral regions of PPC and suggest that the dorsal PPC may support the spatial coding of the visual environment even when this information is incidental to the task at hand. Further, through revealing the differential functional interactions of the SPG and AG with the MTL our results help advance our understanding of how the MTL and PPC cooperate to update representations of the world around us.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorelei R. Howard
- Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, Research Department of Cognitive, Perceptual and Brain Sciences, Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dharshan Kumaran
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - H. Freyja Ólafsdóttir
- Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, Research Department of Cognitive, Perceptual and Brain Sciences, Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hugo J. Spiers
- Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, Research Department of Cognitive, Perceptual and Brain Sciences, Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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