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Williams CM, Weissman DG, Mallard TT, McLaughlin KA, Harden KP. Brain structures with stronger genetic associations are not less associated with family- and state-level economic contexts. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 70:101455. [PMID: 39368282 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigate whether neural, cognitive, and psychopathology phenotypes that are more strongly related to genetic differences are less strongly associated with family- and state-level economic contexts (N = 5374 individuals with 1KG-EUR-like genotypes with 870 twins, from the Adolescent Behavior and Cognitive Development study). We estimated the twin- and SNP-based heritability of each phenotype, as well as its association with an educational attainment polygenic index (EA PGI). We further examined associations with family socioeconomic status (SES) and tested whether SES-related differences were moderated by state cost of living and social safety net programs (Medicaid expansion and cash assistance). SES was broadly associated with cognition, psychopathology, brain volumes, and cortical surface areas, even after controlling for the EA PGI. Brain phenotypes that were more heritable or more strongly associated with the EA PGI were not, overall, less related to SES, nor were SES-related differences in these phenotypes less moderated by macroeconomic context and policy. Informing a long-running theoretical debate, and contra to widespread lay beliefs, results suggest that aspects of child brain development that are more strongly related to genetic differences are not, in general, less associated with socioeconomic contexts and policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille M Williams
- Department of Psychology and Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, USA.
| | - David G Weissman
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Dominguez Hills, USA; Department of Psychology, Harvard University, California State University, Dominguez Hills, USA
| | - Travis T Mallard
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - K Paige Harden
- Department of Psychology and Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, USA
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Fang P, Gao Y, Li Y, Li C, Zhang T, Wu L, Zhu Y, Xie Y. Effects of computerized working memory training on neuroplasticity in healthy individuals: A combined neuroimaging and neurotransmitter study. Neuroimage 2024; 298:120785. [PMID: 39154869 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Working memory (WM) is an essential cognitive function that underpins various higher-order cognitive processes. Improving WM capacity through targeted training interventions has emergered as a potential approach for enhancing cognitive abilities. The present study employed an 8-week regimen of computerized WM training (WMT) to investigate its effect on neuroplasticity in healthy individuals, utilizing neuroimaging data gathered both before and after the training. The key metrics assessed included the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), voxel-based morphometry (VBM), and the spatial distribution correlations of neurotransmitter. The results indicated that post-training, compared to baseline, there was a reduction in ALFF in the medial superior frontal gyrus and an elevation in ALFF in the left middle occipital gyrus within the training group. In comparison to the control group, the training group also exhibited decreased ALFF in the anterior cingulate cortex, angular gyrus, and superior parietal lobule, along with increased ALFF in the postcentral gyrus post-training. VBM analysis revealed a significant increase in gray matter volume (GMV) in the right dorsal superior frontal gyrus after the training period, compared to the initial baseline measurement. Furthermore, the training group showed GMV increases in the dorsal superior frontal gyrus, Rolandic operculum, precentral gyrus, and postcentral gyrus when compared to the control group. In addition, significant associations were identifed between neuroimaging measurements (AFLL and VBM) and the spatial patterns of neurotransmitters such as serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), providing insights into the underlying neurochemical processes. These findings clarify the neuroplastic changes caused by WMT, offering a deeper understanding of brain plasticity and highlighting the potential advantages of cognitive training interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Fang
- Military Medical Psychology School, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, Xi'an, China; Military Medical Innovation Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuntao Gao
- Military Medical Psychology School, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yijun Li
- Military Medical Psychology School, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Military Medical Psychology School, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Military Medical Psychology School, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Military Medical Psychology School, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Yuanjun Xie
- Military Medical Psychology School, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Sun H, Cui H, Sun Q, Li Y, Bai T, Wang K, Zhang J, Tian Y, Wang J. Individual large-scale functional network mapping for major depressive disorder with electroconvulsive therapy. J Affect Disord 2024; 360:116-125. [PMID: 38821362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Personalized functional connectivity mapping has been demonstrated to be promising in identifying underlying neurophysiological basis for brain disorders and treatment effects. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been proved to be an effective treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) while its active mechanisms remain unclear. Here, 46 MDD patients before and after ECT as well as 46 demographically matched healthy controls (HC) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans. A spatially regularized form of non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) was used to accurately identify functional networks (FNs) in individuals to map individual-level static and dynamic functional network connectivity (FNC) to reveal the underlying neurophysiological basis of therepetical effects of ECT for MDD. Moreover, these static and dynamic FNCs were used as features to predict the clinical treatment outcomes for MDD patients. We found that ECT could modulate both static and dynamic large-scale FNCs at individual level in MDD patients, and dynamic FNCs were closely associated with depression and anxiety symptoms. Importantly, we found that individual FNCs, particularly the individual dynamic FNCs could better predict the treatment outcomes of ECT suggesting that dynamic functional connectivity analysis may be better to link brain functional characteristics with clinical symptoms and treatment outcomes. Taken together, our findings provide new evidence for the active mechanisms and biomarkers for ECT to improve diagnostic accuracy and to guide individual treatment selection for MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hongjie Cui
- College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qinyao Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 625014, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Tongjian Bai
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Yanghua Tian
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
| | - Jiaojian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming 650500, China.
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Ahulló-Fuster MA, Sánchez-Sánchez ML, Varela-Donoso E, Ortiz T. Early attentional processing and cortical remapping strategies of tactile stimuli in adults with an early and late-onset visual impairment: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306478. [PMID: 38980866 PMCID: PMC11232978 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroplastic changes appear in people with visual impairment (VI) and they show greater tactile abilities. Improvements in performance could be associated with the development of enhanced early attentional processes based on neuroplasticity. Currently, the various early attentional and cortical remapping strategies that are utilized by people with early (EB) and late-onset blindness (LB) remain unclear. Thus, more research is required to develop effective rehabilitation programs and substitution devices. Our objective was to explore the differences in spatial tactile brain processing in adults with EB, LB and a sighted control group (CG). In this cross-sectional study 27 participants with VI were categorized into EB (n = 14) and LB (n = 13) groups. They were then compared with a CG (n = 15). A vibrotactile device and event-related potentials (ERPs) were utilized while participants performed a spatial tactile line recognition task. The P100 latency and cortical areas of maximal activity were analyzed during the task. The three groups had no statistical differences in P100 latency (p>0.05). All subjects showed significant activation in the right superior frontal areas. Only individuals with VI activated the left superior frontal regions. In EB subjects, a higher activation was found in the mid-frontal and occipital areas. A higher activation of the mid-frontal, anterior cingulate cortex and orbitofrontal zones was observed in LB participants. Compared to the CG, LB individuals showed greater activity in the left orbitofrontal zone, while EB exhibited greater activity in the right superior parietal cortex. The EB had greater activity in the left orbitofrontal region compared to the LB. People with VI may not have faster early attentional processing. EB subjects activate the occipital lobe and right superior parietal cortex during tactile stimulation because of an early lack of visual stimuli and a multimodal information processing. In individuals with LB and EB the orbitofrontal area is activated, suggesting greater emotional processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica-Alba Ahulló-Fuster
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Luz Sánchez-Sánchez
- Physiotherapy in Motion, Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Varela-Donoso
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Ortiz
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Nakaki A, Gomez Y, Castro-Barquero S, Conti A, Vellvé K, Casas I, Genero M, Youssef L, Segalés L, Benitez L, Casas R, Vieta E, Bargallo N, Toschi N, Estruch R, Crispi F, Gratacos E, Crovetto F. The Mediterranean Diet in Pregnancy: Implications for Maternal Brain Morphometry in a Secondary Analysis of the IMPACT BCN Randomized Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:1604. [PMID: 38892540 PMCID: PMC11174669 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A Mediterranean diet has positive effects on the brain in mid-older adults; however, there is scarce information on pregnant individuals. We aimed to evaluate the effect of a structured Mediterranean diet intervention on the cortical structure of the maternal brain during pregnancy. METHODS This study was a secondary analysis of the IMPACT BCN, a randomized clinical trial with 1221 high-risk pregnant women randomly allocated into three groups at 19-23 weeks of gestation: Mediterranean diet intervention, a mindfulness-based stress reduction program, or usual care. Maternal brain magnetic resonance imaging was performed during the third trimester of pregnancy in a random subgroup of participants. For this study, data from the Mediterranean diet and usual groups were analyzed. Maternal dietary intake, adherence to the Mediterranean diet and metabolite biomarkers were evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire, a 17-item dietary screener and plasma/urine samples, respectively. RESULTS The cluster-wise analysis showed that the Mediterranean diet group participants (n = 34) had significantly larger surface areas in the right precuneus (90%CI: <0.0001-0.0004, p < 0.001) and left superior parietal (90%CI: 0.026-0.033, p = 0.03) lobules compared to the usual care group participants (n = 37). A larger right precuneus area was associated with high improvements in adherence to the Mediterranean diet, a high intake of walnuts and high concentrations of urinary hydroxytyrosol. A larger left superior parietal area was associated with a high intake of walnuts and high concentrations of urinary hydroxytyrosol. CONCLUSIONS The promotion of a Mediterranean diet during pregnancy has a significant effect on maternal brain structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Nakaki
- BCNatal|Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yvan Gomez
- BCNatal|Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Castro-Barquero
- BCNatal|Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentaria (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Allegra Conti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Kilian Vellvé
- BCNatal|Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Casas
- BCNatal|Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Genero
- BCNatal|Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Lina Youssef
- BCNatal|Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Hospital Clinic/University of Barcelona Campus, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Segalés
- BCNatal|Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leticia Benitez
- BCNatal|Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Casas
- Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentaria (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clinic, Neuroscience Institute, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Bargallo
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Radiology Department, Center of Image Diagnostic, Hospital Clínic, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicola Toschi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentaria (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fàtima Crispi
- BCNatal|Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacos
- BCNatal|Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesca Crovetto
- BCNatal|Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Maternal and Child Chronic Diseases of Perinatal and Developmental Origin, RD21/0012/0003, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Zhang L, Zhuang B, Wang M, Zhu J, Chen T, Yang Y, Shi H, Zhu X, Ma L. Delineating abnormal individual structural covariance brain network organization in pediatric epilepsy with unilateral resection of visual cortex. Epilepsy Behav Rep 2024; 27:100676. [PMID: 38826153 PMCID: PMC11137379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebr.2024.100676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Although several previous studies have used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging to report topological changes in the brain in epilepsy, it remains unclear whether the individual structural covariance network (SCN) changes in epilepsy, especially in pediatric epilepsy with visual cortex resection but with normal functions. Herein, individual SCNs were mapped and analyzed for seven pediatric patients with epilepsy after surgery and 15 age-matched healthy controls. A whole-brain individual SCN was constructed based on an automated anatomical labeling template, and global and nodal network metrics were calculated for statistical analyses. Small-world properties were exhibited by pediatric patients after brain surgery and by healthy controls. After brain surgery, pediatric patients with epilepsy exhibited a higher shortest path length, lower global efficiency, and higher nodal efficiency in the cuneus than those in healthy controls. These results revealed that pediatric epilepsy after brain surgery, even with normal functions, showed altered topological organization of the individual SCNs, which revealed residual network topological abnormalities and may provide initial evidence for the underlying functional impairments in the brain of pediatric patients with epilepsy after surgery that can occur in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University (The 904th Hospital of PLA), Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214044, China
| | - Bei Zhuang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University (The 904th Hospital of PLA), Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214044, China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- Department of Nursing, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University (The 904th Hospital of PLA), Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214044, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University (The 904th Hospital of PLA), Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214044, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University (The 904th Hospital of PLA), Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214044, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University (The 904th Hospital of PLA), Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214044, China
| | - Haoting Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University (The 904th Hospital of PLA), Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214044, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University (The 904th Hospital of PLA), Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214044, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University (The 904th Hospital of PLA), Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214044, China
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Podvalny E, Sanchez-Romero R, Cole MW. Functionality of arousal-regulating brain circuitry at rest predicts human cognitive abilities. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae192. [PMID: 38745558 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Arousal state is regulated by subcortical neuromodulatory nuclei, such as locus coeruleus, which send wide-reaching projections to cortex. Whether higher-order cortical regions have the capacity to recruit neuromodulatory systems to aid cognition is unclear. Here, we hypothesized that select cortical regions activate the arousal system, which, in turn, modulates large-scale brain activity, creating a functional circuit predicting cognitive ability. We utilized the Human Connectome Project 7T functional magnetic resonance imaging dataset (n = 149), acquired at rest with simultaneous eye tracking, along with extensive cognitive assessment for each subject. First, we discovered select frontoparietal cortical regions that drive large-scale spontaneous brain activity specifically via engaging the arousal system. Second, we show that the functionality of the arousal circuit driven by bilateral posterior cingulate cortex (associated with the default mode network) predicts subjects' cognitive abilities. This suggests that a cortical region that is typically associated with self-referential processing supports cognition by regulating the arousal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Podvalny
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 197 University Ave, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
| | - Ruben Sanchez-Romero
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 197 University Ave, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
| | - Michael W Cole
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 197 University Ave, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
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Kim HH, Kwon MJ, Jo S, Park JE, Kim JW, Kim JH, Kim SE, Kim KW, Han JW. Exploration of neuroanatomical characteristics to differentiate prodromal Alzheimer's disease from cognitively unimpaired amyloid-positive individuals. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10083. [PMID: 38698190 PMCID: PMC11066072 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60843-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Differentiating clinical stages based solely on positive findings from amyloid PET is challenging. We aimed to investigate the neuroanatomical characteristics at the whole-brain level that differentiate prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD) from cognitively unimpaired amyloid-positive individuals (CU A+) in relation to amyloid deposition and regional atrophy. We included 45 CU A+ participants and 135 participants with amyloid-positive prodromal AD matched 1:3 by age, sex, and education. All participants underwent 18F-florbetaben positron emission tomography and 3D structural T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. We compared the standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) and volumes in 80 regions of interest (ROIs) between CU A+ and prodromal AD groups using independent t-tests, and employed the least absolute selection and shrinkage operator (LASSO) logistic regression model to identify ROIs associated with prodromal AD in relation to amyloid deposition, regional atrophy, and their interaction. After applying False Discovery Rate correction at < 0.1, there were no differences in global and regional SUVR between CU A+ and prodromal AD groups. Regional volume differences between the two groups were observed in the amygdala, hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, insula, parahippocampal gyrus, and inferior temporal and parietal cortices. LASSO logistic regression model showed significant associations between prodromal AD and atrophy in the entorhinal cortex, inferior parietal cortex, both amygdalae, and left hippocampus. The mean SUVR in the right superior parietal cortex (beta coefficient = 0.0172) and its interaction with the regional volume (0.0672) were also selected in the LASSO model. The mean SUVR in the right superior parietal cortex was associated with an increased likelihood of prodromal AD (Odds ratio [OR] 1.602, p = 0.014), particularly in participants with lower regional volume (OR 3.389, p < 0.001). Only regional volume differences, not amyloid deposition, were observed between CU A+ and prodromal AD. The reduced volume in the superior parietal cortex may play a significant role in the progression to prodromal AD through its interaction with amyloid deposition in that region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak Hyeon Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Jeong Kwon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungman Jo
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Park
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Won Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Hyoung Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Sang Eun Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Center for Nanomolecular Imaging and Innovative Drug Development, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Woong Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Won Han
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea.
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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9
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Rocca P, Brasso C, Montemagni C, Del Favero E, Bellino S, Bozzatello P, Giordano GM, Caporusso E, Fazio L, Pergola G, Blasi G, Amore M, Calcagno P, Rossi R, Rossi A, Bertolino A, Galderisi S, Maj M. The relationship between the resting state functional connectivity and social cognition in schizophrenia: Results from the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses. Schizophr Res 2024; 267:330-340. [PMID: 38613864 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Deficits in social cognition (SC) interfere with recovery in schizophrenia (SZ) and may be related to resting state brain connectivity. This study aimed at assessing the alterations in the relationship between resting state functional connectivity and the social-cognitive abilities of patients with SZ compared to healthy subjects. We divided the brain into 246 regions of interest (ROI) following the Human Healthy Volunteers Brainnetome Atlas. For each participant, we calculated the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in terms of degree centrality (DC), which evaluates the total strength of the most powerful coactivations of every ROI with all other ROIs during rest. The rs-DC of the ROIs was correlated with five measures of SC assessing emotion processing and mentalizing in 45 healthy volunteers (HVs) chosen as a normative sample. Then, controlling for symptoms severity, we verified whether these significant associations were altered, i.e., absent or of opposite sign, in 55 patients with SZ. We found five significant differences between SZ patients and HVs: in the patients' group, the correlations between emotion recognition tasks and rsFC of the right entorhinal cortex (R-EC), left superior parietal lobule (L-SPL), right caudal hippocampus (R-c-Hipp), and the right caudal (R-c) and left rostral (L-r) middle temporal gyri (MTG) were lost. An altered resting state functional connectivity of the L-SPL, R-EC, R-c-Hipp, and bilateral MTG in patients with SZ may be associated with impaired emotion recognition. If confirmed, these results may enhance the development of non-invasive brain stimulation interventions targeting those cerebral regions to reduce SC deficit in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Rocca
- Department of Neuroscience 'Rita Levi Montalcini', University of Turin, Via Cherasco, 15, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Claudio Brasso
- Department of Neuroscience 'Rita Levi Montalcini', University of Turin, Via Cherasco, 15, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Cristiana Montemagni
- Department of Neuroscience 'Rita Levi Montalcini', University of Turin, Via Cherasco, 15, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Del Favero
- Department of Neuroscience 'Rita Levi Montalcini', University of Turin, Via Cherasco, 15, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Silvio Bellino
- Department of Neuroscience 'Rita Levi Montalcini', University of Turin, Via Cherasco, 15, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Bozzatello
- Department of Neuroscience 'Rita Levi Montalcini', University of Turin, Via Cherasco, 15, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Maria Giordano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Largo Madonna Delle Grazie, 1, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Edoardo Caporusso
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Largo Madonna Delle Grazie, 1, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Leonardo Fazio
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Policlinico, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, Strada Statale 100, 70010 Casamassima (BA), Italy
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Policlinico, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Blasi
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Policlinico, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Largo Paolo Daneo, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Pietro Calcagno
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Largo Paolo Daneo, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Rossi
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio - Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy; Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford, 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rossi
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio - Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Policlinico, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Silvana Galderisi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Largo Madonna Delle Grazie, 1, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Maj
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Largo Madonna Delle Grazie, 1, 80138 Naples, Italy
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Chen Z, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhu J, Li Q, Wu X. Shared Manifold Regularized Joint Feature Selection for Joint Classification and Regression in Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING SOCIETY 2024; 33:2730-2745. [PMID: 38578858 DOI: 10.1109/tip.2024.3382600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis, joint feature selection for predicting disease labels (classification) and estimating cognitive scores (regression) with neuroimaging data has received increasing attention. In this paper, we propose a model named Shared Manifold regularized Joint Feature Selection (SMJFS) that performs classification and regression in a unified framework for AD diagnosis. For classification, unlike the existing works that build least squares regression models which are insufficient in the ability of extracting discriminative information for classification, we design an objective function that integrates linear discriminant analysis and subspace sparsity regularization for acquiring an informative feature subset. Furthermore, the local data relationships are learned according to the samples' transformed distances to exploit the local data structure adaptively. For regression, in contrast to previous works that overlook the correlations among cognitive scores, we learn a latent score space to capture the correlations and employ the latent space to design a regression model with l2,1 -norm regularization, facilitating the feature selection in regression task. Moreover, the missing cognitive scores can be recovered in the latent space for increasing the number of available training samples. Meanwhile, to capture the correlations between the two tasks and describe the local relationships between samples, we construct an adaptive shared graph to guide the subspace learning in classification and the latent cognitive score learning in regression simultaneously. An efficient iterative optimization algorithm is proposed to solve the optimization problem. Extensive experiments on three datasets validate the discriminability of the features selected by SMJFS.
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11
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Podvalny E, Sanchez-Romero R, Cole MW. Functionality of arousal-regulating brain circuitry at rest predicts human cognitive abilities. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.09.574917. [PMID: 38617344 PMCID: PMC11014470 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.09.574917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Arousal state is regulated by subcortical neuromodulatory nuclei, such as locus coeruleus, which send wide-reaching projections to cortex. Whether higher-order cortical regions have the capacity to recruit neuromodulatory systems to aid cognition is unclear. Here, we hypothesized that select cortical regions activate the arousal system, which in turn modulates large-scale brain activity, creating a functional circuit predicting cognitive ability. We utilized the Human Connectome Project 7T functional magnetic resonance imaging dataset (N=149), acquired at rest with simultaneous eye tracking, along with extensive cognitive assessment for each subject. First, we discovered select frontoparietal cortical regions that drive large-scale spontaneous brain activity specifically via engaging the arousal system. Second, we show that the functionality of the arousal circuit driven by bilateral posterior cingulate cortex (associated with the default mode network) predicts subjects' cognitive abilities. This suggests that a cortical region that is typically associated with self-referential processing supports cognition by regulating the arousal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Podvalny
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Ruben Sanchez-Romero
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Michael W. Cole
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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Liu J, Shi Z, Fabbricatore JL, McMains JT, Worsdale A, Jones EC, Wang Y, Sweet LH. Vaping and smoking cue reactivity in young adult electronic cigarette users who have never smoked combustible cigarettes: A functional neuroimaging study. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.13.575524. [PMID: 38293089 PMCID: PMC10827128 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.13.575524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The rapid growth in the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) among young adults who have never smoked combustible cigarettes is concerning, as it raises the potential for chronic vaping and nicotine addiction. A key characteristic of drug addiction is the elevated neural response to conditioned drug-related cues (i.e., cue reactivity). Generalized reactivity to both vaping and smoking cues may signify an increased risk for smoking initiation in non- smoking vapers. In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate brain responses to vaping and smoking cues in young adult never-smoking vapers. Methods Sixty-six young adult never-smoking vapers underwent functional MRI while viewing visual cues pertaining to vaping, smoking, and nicotine-unrelated unconditioned reward (i.e., food). A priori region-of-interest analysis combined with exploratory whole-brain analysis was performed to characterize neural reactivity to vaping and smoking cues in comparison to food cues. Results The medial prefrontal cortex and the posterior cingulate cortex, regions that play a key role in drug cue reactivity, showed significantly increased neural response to vaping cues compared to food cues. The posterior cingulate cortex additionally showed increased neural responses to smoking cues compared to food cues. Conclusions Despite never having smoked combustible cigarettes, young adult vapers exhibited heightened neural susceptibility to both vaping and smoking cues within brain systems associated with cue reactivity. The findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying nicotine addiction and smoking initiation risk in this critical population and may contribute to the development of science-based interventions and regulatory measures in the future. IMPLICATIONS The escalating vaping prevalence among US never-smoking young adults is alarming, due to its potential ramifications for nicotine addiction development. Nicotine addiction is characterized by elevated neural response to conditioned nicotine-related cues. Using functional neuroimaging, we showed that young adult non-smoking vapers exhibited heightened neural susceptibility to both vaping and smoking cues within brain systems previously associated with cue reactivity. Such cross-reactivity to both types of nicotine cues may serve as the mechanism underlying nicotine addiction and smoking initiation risk in this population. Our findings may contribute to the development of science-based interventions and regulatory measures addressing the vaping epidemic.
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Lima Santos JP, Hayes R, Franzen PL, Goldstein TR, Hasler BP, Buysse DJ, Siegle GJ, Dahl RE, Forbes EE, Ladouceur CD, McMakin DL, Ryan ND, Silk JS, Jalbrzikowski M, Soehner AM. The association between cortical gyrification and sleep in adolescents and young adults. Sleep 2024; 47:zsad282. [PMID: 37935899 PMCID: PMC10782503 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Healthy sleep is important for adolescent neurodevelopment, and relationships between brain structure and sleep can vary in strength over this maturational window. Although cortical gyrification is increasingly considered a useful index for understanding cognitive and emotional outcomes in adolescence, and sleep is also a strong predictor of such outcomes, we know relatively little about associations between cortical gyrification and sleep. We aimed to identify developmentally invariant (stable across age) or developmentally specific (observed only during discrete age intervals) gyrification-sleep relationships in young people. METHODS A total of 252 Neuroimaging and Pediatric Sleep Databank participants (9-26 years; 58.3% female) completed wrist actigraphy and a structural MRI scan. Local gyrification index (lGI) was estimated for 34 bilateral brain regions. Naturalistic sleep characteristics (duration, timing, continuity, and regularity) were estimated from wrist actigraphy. Regularized regression for feature selection was used to examine gyrification-sleep relationships. RESULTS For most brain regions, greater lGI was associated with longer sleep duration, earlier sleep timing, lower variability in sleep regularity, and shorter time awake after sleep onset. lGI in frontoparietal network regions showed associations with sleep patterns that were stable across age. However, in default mode network regions, lGI was only associated with sleep patterns from late childhood through early-to-mid adolescence, a period of vulnerability for mental health disorders. CONCLUSIONS We detected both developmentally invariant and developmentally specific ties between local gyrification and naturalistic sleep patterns. Default mode network regions may be particularly susceptible to interventions promoting more optimal sleep during childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Hayes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter L Franzen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tina R Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brant P Hasler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Buysse
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Greg J Siegle
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ronald E Dahl
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Erika E Forbes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Dana L McMakin
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Neal D Ryan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Silk
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maria Jalbrzikowski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adriane M Soehner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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14
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Rupert PE, Pogue-Geile M. Familial Risk for Schizophrenia vs Bipolar Disorder and Task-Based Neural Activation: A functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Meta-Analysis. Schizophr Bull 2024; 50:177-186. [PMID: 37606284 PMCID: PMC10754177 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Individuals at familial risk for developing schizophrenia (FRSZ) or bipolar disorder (FRBD) have shared and unique genetic risks. Few studies have compared neural activation between these two groups. Therefore, the present meta-analysis investigated functional brain similarities and differences between FRSZ and FRBD individuals. STUDY DESIGN A systematic literature review was conducted of articles that compared FRSZ or FRBD individuals to healthy controls (31 FRSZ and 22 FRBD). Seed-based d mapping was used to conduct the meta-analysis. Analyses included comparisons of FRSZ to controls, FRBD to controls, and both relative groups to each other. STUDY RESULTS Using a highly conservative family-wise error rate correction, there were no significant findings. Using a less conservative threshold, FRSZ compared to controls had lower activation in the left precuneus (Puncorrected = .02) across all studies and in the left middle frontal gyrus (Puncorrected = .03) in nonsocial cognition studies. FRBD compared to controls had lower activation in the left superior parietal gyrus (Puncorrected = .03) and right angular gyrus (Puncorrected = .03) in nonsocial cognition studies, and higher activation in the left superior frontal gyrus (Puncorrected = .01) in social tasks. Differences between FRSZ and FRBD were not significant. CONCLUSIONS There were few robust differences between FRSZ or FRBD compared to controls. This suggests only weak support for neural activation differences between individuals at genetic risk for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and controls. The tentative findings observed were in different brain regions for FRSZ and FRBD, with no strong evidence for shared effects between schizophrenia and bipolar genetic risk on neural activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra E Rupert
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael Pogue-Geile
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
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15
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Cornwell H, Toschi N, Hamilton-Giachritsis C, Staginnus M, Smaragdi A, Gonzalez-Madruga K, Rogers J, Martinelli A, Kohls G, Raschle NM, Konrad K, Stadler C, Freitag C, De Brito S, Fairchild G. Identifying structural brain markers of resilience to adversity in young people using voxel-based morphometry. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:2302-2314. [PMID: 37424502 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that resilience in youth may have a neurobiological basis. However, the existing literature lacks a consistent way of operationalizing resilience, often relying on arbitrary judgments or narrow definitions (e.g., not developing PTSD) to classify individuals as resilient. Therefore, this study used data-driven, continuous resilience scores based on adversity and psychopathology to investigate associations between resilience and brain structure in youth. Structural MRI data from 298 youth aged 9-18 years (Mage = 13.51; 51% female) who participated in the European multisite FemNAT-CD study were preprocessed using SPM12 and analyzed using voxel-based morphometry. Resilience scores were derived by regressing data on adversity exposure against current/lifetime psychopathology and quantifying each individual's distance from the regression line. General linear models tested for associations between resilience and gray matter volume (GMV) and examined whether associations between resilience and GMV differed by sex. Resilience was positively correlated with GMV in the right inferior frontal and medial frontal gyri. Sex-by-resilience interactions were observed in the middle temporal and middle frontal gyri. These findings demonstrate that resilience in youth is associated with volume in brain regions implicated in executive functioning, emotion regulation, and attention. Our results also provide evidence for sex differences in the neurobiology of resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicola Toschi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jack Rogers
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anne Martinelli
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fresenius University of Applied Sciences, School of Psychology, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gregor Kohls
- Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nora Maria Raschle
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Basel, Psychiatric University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development at the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Konrad
- Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- JARA-Brain Institute II, Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, RWTH Aachen and Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Christina Stadler
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Basel, Psychiatric University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christine Freitag
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stephane De Brito
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Cui S, Jiang P, Cheng Y, Cai H, Zhu J, Yu Y. Molecular mechanisms underlying resting-state brain functional correlates of behavioral inhibition. Neuroimage 2023; 283:120415. [PMID: 37863277 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous literature has established the presence of sex differences in behavioral inhibition as well as its neural substrates and related disease risk. However, there is limited evidence that speaks directly to the question of whether or not there are sex-dependent associations between behavioral inhibition and resting-state brain function and, if so, how they are modulated by the underlying molecular mechanisms. We computed functional connectivity density (FCD) using resting-state functional MRI data to examine their associations with behavioral inhibition ability measured using a Go/No-Go task across a large cohort of 510 healthy young adults. Then, we examined the spatial relationships of the FCD correlates of behavioral inhibition with gene expression and neurotransmitter atlases to explore their potential genetic architecture and neurochemical basis. A significant negative correlation between behavioral inhibition and FCD in the left superior parietal lobule was found in females but not males. Further spatial correlation analyses demonstrated that the identified neural correlates of behavioral inhibition were associated with expression of gene categories predominantly implicating essential components of the cerebral cortex (glial cell, neuron, axon, dendrite, and synapse) and ion channel activity, as well as were linked to the serotonergic system. Our findings may not only yield important insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the female-specific neural substrates of behavioral inhibition, but also provide a critical context for understanding how biological sex might contribute to variation in behavioral inhibition and its related disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunshun Cui
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Huanhuan Cai
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China.
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17
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Manelis A, Hu H, Miceli R, Satz S, Schwalbe M. Neural correlates of the sound facilitation effect in the modified Simon task in older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1207707. [PMID: 37644962 PMCID: PMC10461020 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1207707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The ability to resolve interference declines with age and is attributed to neurodegeneration and reduced cognitive function and mental alertness in older adults. Our previous study revealed that task-irrelevant but environmentally meaningful sounds improve performance on the modified Simon task in older adults. However, little is known about neural correlates of this sound facilitation effect. Methods Twenty right-handed older adults [mean age = 72 (SD = 4), 11 female] participated in the fMRI study. They performed the modified Simon task in which the arrows were presented either in the locations matching the arrow direction (congruent trials) or in the locations mismatching the arrow direction (incongruent trials). A total of 50% of all trials were accompanied by task-irrelevant but environmentally meaningful sounds. Results Participants were faster on the trials with concurrent sounds, independently of whether trials were congruent or incongruent. The sound effect was associated with activation in the distributed network of auditory, posterior parietal, frontal, and limbic brain regions. The magnitude of the behavioral facilitation effect due to sound was associated with the changes in activation of the bilateral auditory cortex, cuneal cortex, and occipital fusiform gyrus, precuneus, left superior parietal lobule (SPL) for No Sound vs. Sound trials. These changes were associated with the corresponding changes in reaction time (RT). Older adults with a recent history of falls showed greater activation in the left SPL than those without falls history. Conclusion Our findings are consistent with the dedifferentiation hypothesis of cognitive aging. The facilitatory effect of sound could be achieved through recruitment of excessive neural resources, which allows older adults to increase attention and mental alertness during task performance. Considering that the SPL is critical for integration of multisensory information, individuals with slower task responses and those with a history of falls may need to recruit this region more actively than individuals with faster responses and those without a fall history to overcome increased difficulty with interference resolution. Future studies should examine the relationship among activation in the SPL, the effect of sound, and falls history in the individuals who are at heightened risk of falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Manelis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Hang Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Rachel Miceli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Skye Satz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Marie Schwalbe
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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18
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Danielli E, Simard N, DeMatteo CA, Kumbhare D, Ulmer S, Noseworthy MD. A review of brain regions and associated post-concussion symptoms. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1136367. [PMID: 37602240 PMCID: PMC10435092 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1136367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The human brain is an exceptionally complex organ that is comprised of billions of neurons. Therefore, when a traumatic event such as a concussion occurs, somatic, cognitive, behavioral, and sleep impairments are the common outcome. Each concussion is unique in the sense that the magnitude of biomechanical forces and the direction, rotation, and source of those forces are different for each concussive event. This helps to explain the unpredictable nature of post-concussion symptoms that can arise and resolve. The purpose of this narrative review is to connect the anatomical location, healthy function, and associated post-concussion symptoms of some major cerebral gray and white matter brain regions and the cerebellum. As a non-exhaustive description of post-concussion symptoms nor comprehensive inclusion of all brain regions, we have aimed to amalgamate the research performed for specific brain regions into a single article to clarify and enhance clinical and research concussion assessment. The current status of concussion diagnosis is highly subjective and primarily based on self-report of symptoms, so this review may be able to provide a connection between brain anatomy and the clinical presentation of concussions to enhance medical imaging assessments. By explaining anatomical relevance in terms of clinical concussion symptom presentation, an increased understanding of concussions may also be achieved to improve concussion recognition and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Danielli
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicholas Simard
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Carol A. DeMatteo
- ARiEAL Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Dinesh Kumbhare
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephan Ulmer
- Neurorad.ch, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael D. Noseworthy
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- ARiEAL Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Radiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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19
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Ruan Z, Sun D, Zhou X, Yu M, Li S, Sun W, Li Y, Gao L, Xu H. Altered neurovascular coupling in patients with vascular cognitive impairment: a combined ASL-fMRI analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1224525. [PMID: 37416325 PMCID: PMC10320594 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1224525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective This study aims to examine the role of neurovascular coupling (NVC) in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) by investigating the relationship between white matter lesion (WML) burden, NVC, and cognitive deficits. Additionally, we aim to explore the potential of NVC as a tool for understanding the neural mechanisms underlying VCI. Methods This study included thirty-eight small vessel disease cognitive impairment (SVCI) patients, 34 post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) patients, and 43 healthy controls (HC). Comprehensive assessments, including neuroimaging and neuropsychological testing, were conducted to evaluate cognitive function. WML burden was measured and correlated with NVC coefficients to examine the relationship between white matter pathology and NVC. Mediation analysis was employed to explore the link relationship between NVC, WML burden, and cognitive function. Results The present study showed that NVC was significantly reduced in the SVCI and PSCI groups compared with HCs at both whole-brain and brain region level. The analysis revealed notable findings regarding NVC in relation to WML burden and cognitive function in VCI patients. Specifically, reduced NVC coefficients were observed within higher order brain systems responsible for cognitive control and emotion regulation. Mediation analysis demonstrated that NVC played a mediating role in the relationship between WML burden and cognitive impairment. Conclusion This study reveals the mediating role of NVC in the relationship between WML burden and cognitive function in VCI patients. The results demonstrate the potential of the NVC as an accurate measure of cognitive impairment and its ability to identify specific neural circuits affected by WML burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Ruan
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Minhua Yu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Sirui Li
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenbo Sun
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yidan Li
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haibo Xu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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20
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Skolasinska P, Basak C, Qin S. Influence of Strenuous Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness on Age-Related Differences in Brain Activations During Varieties of Cognitive Control. Neuroscience 2023; 520:58-83. [PMID: 37054946 PMCID: PMC10234626 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
While there is extensive literature on the beneficial effects of physical activity on age differences in cognitive control, limited research exists on comparing the contributions of strenuous physical activity (sPA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) to fluctuations in the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals during varieties of cognitive control. The current study addresses this gap in knowledge by investigating BOLD signal differences between high-fit and low-fit older adults, determined by their sPA or CRF, during a novel fMRI task with a hybrid block and event-related design that included transient activations (during switching, updating and their combination trials) and sustained activations (during proactive and reactive control blocks). fBOLD signals from older (n = 25) were compared to more functionally efficient younger (n = 15) adults. High-sPA old showed higher task accuracy than Low-sPA old and similar accuracy as young. Whole-brain fMRI analyses identified higher BOLD activations (esp. dlPFC/MFG) in high-fit old during updating and combination trials that were similar to young, suggesting maintenance of BOLD signals in higher fit older adults during working memory updating. Additionally, both High-sPA and High-CRF related compensatory overactivation were observed in left parietal and occipital areas during sustained activations, which were positively correlated with older adults' accuracy. These results suggest that physical fitness is a modifier of age-related changes in BOLD signal modulation elicited in response to increasing cognitive control demands, with higher fitness in old contributing to both compensatory overactivations and maintenance of task-related brain activations during cognitive control, whereas lower fitness contributed to maladaptive overactivations during lower cognitive demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Skolasinska
- Center for Vital Longevity, Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Dallas, USA
| | - Chandramallika Basak
- Center for Vital Longevity, Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Dallas, USA.
| | - Shuo Qin
- Center for Vital Longevity, Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Dallas, USA
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21
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Guan C, Aflalo T, Kadlec K, Gámez de Leon J, Rosario ER, Bari A, Pouratian N, Andersen RA. Decoding and geometry of ten finger movements in human posterior parietal cortex and motor cortex. J Neural Eng 2023; 20:036020. [PMID: 37160127 PMCID: PMC10209510 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/acd3b1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective. Enable neural control of individual prosthetic fingers for participants with upper-limb paralysis.Approach. Two tetraplegic participants were each implanted with a 96-channel array in the left posterior parietal cortex (PPC). One of the participants was additionally implanted with a 96-channel array near the hand knob of the left motor cortex (MC). Across tens of sessions, we recorded neural activity while the participants attempted to move individual fingers of the right hand. Offline, we classified attempted finger movements from neural firing rates using linear discriminant analysis with cross-validation. The participants then used the neural classifier online to control individual fingers of a brain-machine interface (BMI). Finally, we characterized the neural representational geometry during individual finger movements of both hands.Main Results. The two participants achieved 86% and 92% online accuracy during BMI control of the contralateral fingers (chance = 17%). Offline, a linear decoder achieved ten-finger decoding accuracies of 70% and 66% using respective PPC recordings and 75% using MC recordings (chance = 10%). In MC and in one PPC array, a factorized code linked corresponding finger movements of the contralateral and ipsilateral hands.Significance. This is the first study to decode both contralateral and ipsilateral finger movements from PPC. Online BMI control of contralateral fingers exceeded that of previous finger BMIs. PPC and MC signals can be used to control individual prosthetic fingers, which may contribute to a hand restoration strategy for people with tetraplegia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Guan
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States of America
| | - Tyson Aflalo
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States of America
- T&C Chen Brain-Machine Interface Center at Caltech, Pasadena, CA, United States of America
| | - Kelly Kadlec
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States of America
| | | | - Emily R Rosario
- Casa Colina Hospital and Centers for Healthcare, Pomona, CA, United States of America
| | - Ausaf Bari
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Nader Pouratian
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Richard A Andersen
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States of America
- T&C Chen Brain-Machine Interface Center at Caltech, Pasadena, CA, United States of America
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22
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Ghahremani DG, Pochon JBF, Diaz MP, Tyndale RF, Dean AC, London ED. Nicotine dependence and insula subregions: functional connectivity and cue-induced activation. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:936-945. [PMID: 36869233 PMCID: PMC10156746 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01528-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Nicotine dependence is a major predictor of relapse in people with Tobacco Use Disorder (TUD). Accordingly, therapies that reduce nicotine dependence may promote sustained abstinence from smoking. The insular cortex has been identified as a promising target in brain-based therapies for TUD, and has three major sub-regions (ventral anterior, dorsal anterior, and posterior) that serve distinct functional networks. How these subregions and associated networks contribute to nicotine dependence is not well understood, and therefore was the focus of this study. Sixty individuals (28 women; 18-45 years old), who smoked cigarettes daily, rated their level of nicotine dependence (on the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence) and, after abstaining from smoking overnight (~12 h), underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a resting state. A subset of these participants (N = 48) also completing a cue-induced craving task during fMRI. Correlations between nicotine dependence and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and cue-induced activation of the major insular sub-regions were evaluated. Nicotine dependence was negatively correlated with connectivity of the left and right dorsal, and left ventral anterior insula with regions within the superior parietal lobule (SPL), including the left precuneus. No relationship between posterior insula connectivity and nicotine dependence was found. Cue-induced activation in the left dorsal anterior insula was positively associated with nicotine dependence and negatively associated with RSFC of the same region with SPL, suggesting that craving-related responsivity in this subregion was greater among participants who were more dependent. These results may inform therapeutic approaches, such as brain stimulation, which may elicit differential clinical outcomes (e.g., dependence, craving) depending on the insular subnetwork that is targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara G Ghahremani
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Jean-Baptiste F Pochon
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maylen Perez Diaz
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rachel F Tyndale
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andy C Dean
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Edythe D London
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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23
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Wang X, Xia J, Wang W, Lu J, Liu Q, Fan J, Soondrum T, Yu Q, Tan C, Zhu X. Disrupted functional connectivity of the cerebellum with default mode and frontoparietal networks in young adults with major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Res 2023; 324:115192. [PMID: 37054552 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Cerebellar dysconnectivity has repeatedly been documented in major depressive disorder (MDD). The cerebellum is composed of multiple functionally distinct subunits, and whether those subunits show similar or distinct dysconnectivity patterns with the cerebrum in MDD, is still unclear and needs to be further clarified. In this study, 91 MDD patients (23 male and 68 female) and 59 demographically matched healthy controls (22 male and 37 female) were enrolled to explore the cerebellar-cerebral dysconnectivity pattern in MDD by using the cutting-edge cerebellar partition atlas. Results showed that MDD patients exhibit decreased cerebellar connectivity with cerebral regions of default mode (DMN), frontoparietal networks (FPN), and visual areas. The dysconnectivity pattern was statistically similar across cerebellar subunits, with no significant diagnosis-by-subunit interactions. Correlation analyzes showed that cerebellar-dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) connectivity is significantly correlated with anhedonia in MDD patients. Such dysconnectivity pattern was not affected by sex, which, however, should be further replicated in larger samples. These findings suggest a generalized disrupted cerebellar-cerebral connectivity pattern in MDD across all cerebellar subunits, which partially accounts for depressive symptoms in MDD, thus highlighting the pivotal role of the disrupted connectivity of cerebellum with DMN and FPN in the neuropathology of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Xia
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weiyan Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingjie Lu
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tamini Soondrum
- Association Alzheimer of Mauritius, Old Moka Road, Belle Rose, Quatre Bornes, Mauritius
| | - Quanhao Yu
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Changlian Tan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiongzhao Zhu
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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24
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Kim SY, Kim EK, Song H, Cheon JE, Kim BN, Kim HS, Shin SH. Association of Brain Microstructure and Functional Connectivity With Cognitive Outcomes and Postnatal Growth Among Early School-Aged Children Born With Extremely Low Birth Weight. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e230198. [PMID: 36862414 PMCID: PMC9982697 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Postnatal growth may be associated with longitudinal brain development in children born preterm. Objective To compare brain microstructure and functional connectivity strength with cognitive outcomes in association with postnatal growth among early school-aged children born preterm with extremely low birth weight. Design, Setting, and Participants This single-center cohort study prospectively enrolled 38 children 6 to 8 years of age born preterm with extremely low birth weight: 21 with postnatal growth failure (PGF) and 17 without PGF. Children were enrolled, past records were retrospectively reviewed, and imaging data and cognitive assessments occurred from April 29, 2013, through February 14, 2017. Image processing and statistical analyses were conducted through November 2021. Exposure Postnatal growth failure in the early neonatal period. Main Outcomes and Measures Diffusion tensor images and resting-state functional magnetic resonance images were analyzed. Cognitive skills were tested using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale; executive function was assessed based on a composite score calculated from the synthetic composite of the Children's Color Trails Test, STROOP Color and Word Test, and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test; attention function was evaluated using the Advanced Test of Attention (ATA); and the Hollingshead Four Factor Index of Social Status-Child was estimated. Results Twenty-one children born preterm with PGF (14 girls [66.7%]), 17 children born preterm without PGF (6 girls [35.3%]), and 44 children born full term (24 girls [54.5%]) were recruited. Attention function was less favorable in children with PGF than those without PGF (mean [SD] ATA score: children with PGF, 63.5 [9.4]; children without PGF, 55.7 [8.0]; P = .008). Significantly lower mean (SD) fractional anisotropy in the forceps major of the corpus callosum (0.498 [0.067] vs 0.558 [0.044] vs 0.570 [0.038]) and higher mean (SD) mean diffusivity in the left superior longitudinal fasciculus-parietal bundle (8.312 [0.318] vs 7.902 [0.455] vs 8.083 [0.393]; originally calculated as millimeter squared per second and rescaled 10 000 times as mean diffusivity × 10 000) were seen among children with PGF compared with children without PGF and controls, respectively. Decreased resting-state functional connectivity strength was observed in the children with PGF. The mean diffusivity of the forceps major of the corpus callosum significantly correlated with the attention measures (r = 0.225; P = .047). Functional connectivity strength between the left superior lateral occipital cortex and both superior parietal lobules correlated with cognitive outcomes of intelligence (right superior parietal lobule, r = 0.262; P = .02; and left superior parietal lobule, r = 0.286; P = .01) and executive function (right superior parietal lobule, r = 0.367; P = .002; and left superior parietal lobule, r = 0.324; P = .007). The ATA score was positively correlated with functional connectivity strength between the precuneus and anterior division of the cingulate gyrus (r = 0.225; P = .048); however, it was negatively correlated with functional connectivity strength between the posterior cingulate gyrus and both superior parietal lobules (the right superior parietal lobule [r = -0.269; P = .02] and the left superior parietal lobule [r = -0.338; P = .002]). Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study suggests that the forceps major of the corpus callosum and the superior parietal lobule were vulnerable regions in preterm infants. Preterm birth and suboptimal postnatal growth could have negative associations with brain maturation, including altered microstructure and functional connectivity. Postnatal growth may be associated with differences in long-term neurodevelopment among children born preterm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Yun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ee-Kyung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Huijin Song
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Cheon
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bung Nyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Suk Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Han Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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25
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Li J, Zhang Y, Huang Z, Jiang Y, Ren Z, Liu D, Zhang J, La Piana R, Chen Y. Cortical and subcortical morphological alterations in motor subtypes of Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:167. [PMID: 36470900 PMCID: PMC9723125 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00435-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) can be classified into an akinetic-rigid (AR) and a tremor-dominant (TD) subtype based on predominant motor symptoms. Patients with different motor subtypes often show divergent clinical manifestations; however, the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to characterize the cortical and subcortical morphological alterations in motor subtypes of PD. T1-weighted MRI images were obtained for 90 patients with PD (64 with the AR subtype and 26 with the TD subtype) and 56 healthy controls (HCs). Cortical surface area, sulcal depth (measured by Freesurfer's Sulc index), and subcortical volume were computed to identify the cortical and subcortical morphological alterations in the two motor subtypes. Compared with HCs, we found widespread surface area reductions in the AR subtype yet sparse surface area reductions in the TD subtype. We found no significant Sulc change in the AR subtype yet increased Sulc in the right supramarginal gyrus in the TD subtype. The hippocampal volumes in both subtypes were lower than those of HCs. In PD patients, the surface area of left posterior cingulate cortex was positively correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, while the Sulc value of right middle frontal gyrus was positively correlated with severity of motor impairments. Additionally, the hippocampal volumes were positively correlated with MMSE and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores and negatively correlated with severity of motor impairments and Hoehn & Yahr scores. Taken together, these findings may contribute to a better understanding of the neural substrates underlying the distinct symptom profiles in the two PD subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Li
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 P. R. China
| | - Yuanchao Zhang
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 P. R. China
| | - Zitong Huang
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 P. R. China
| | - Yihan Jiang
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 P. R. China
| | - Zhanbing Ren
- grid.263488.30000 0001 0472 9649Department of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 China
| | - Daihong Liu
- grid.452285.cDepartment of Radiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030 P. R. China
| | - Jiuquan Zhang
- grid.452285.cDepartment of Radiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030 P. R. China
| | - Roberta La Piana
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4 Canada
| | - Yifan Chen
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 P. R. China
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26
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Rodríguez-Nieto G, Seer C, Sidlauskaite J, Vleugels L, Van Roy A, Hardwick R, Swinnen S. Inhibition, Shifting and Updating: Inter and intra-domain commonalities and differences from an executive functions activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. Neuroimage 2022; 264:119665. [PMID: 36202157 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Executive functions are higher-order mental processes that support goal-directed behavior. Among these processes, Inhibition, Updating, and Shifting have been considered core executive domains. In this meta-analysis, we comprehensively investigate the neural networks of these executive domains and we synthesize for the first time the neural convergences and divergences among the most frequently used executive paradigms within those domains. A systematic search yielded 1055 published neuroimaging studies (including 26,191 participants in total). Our study revealed that a fronto-parietal network was shared by the three main domains. Furthermore, we executed conjunction analyses among the paradigms of the same domain to extract the core distinctive components of the main executive domains. This approach showed that Inhibition and Shifting are characterized by a strongly lateralized neural activation in the right and left hemisphere, respectively. In addition, both networks overlapped with the Updating network but not with each other. Remarkably, our study detected heterogeneity among the paradigms from the same domain. More specifically, analysis of Inhibition tasks revealed differing activations for Response Inhibition compared to Interference Control paradigms, suggesting that Inhibition encompasses relatively heterogeneous sub-functions. Shifting analyses revealed a bilateral overlap of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task with the Updating network, but this pattern was absent for Rule Switching and Dual Task paradigms. Moreover, our Updating meta-analyses revealed the neural signatures associated with the specific modules of the Working Memory model from Baddeley and Hitch. To our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive meta-analysis of executive functions to date. Its paradigm-driven analyses provide a unique contribution to a better understanding of the neural convergences and divergences among executive processes that are relevant for clinical applications, such as cognitive enhancement and neurorehabilitation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Rodríguez-Nieto
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101 box 1501, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, Leuven 5005, Belgium
| | - Caroline Seer
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101 box 1501, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, Leuven 5005, Belgium
| | - Justina Sidlauskaite
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101 box 1501, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, Leuven 5005, Belgium
| | - Lore Vleugels
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101 box 1501, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, Leuven 5005, Belgium; Institute of Neuroscience, UC Louvain, Av. Mounier 54, Bruxelles 1200, Belgium
| | - Anke Van Roy
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101 box 1501, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, Leuven 5005, Belgium
| | - Robert Hardwick
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101 box 1501, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, Leuven 5005, Belgium; Institute of Neuroscience, UC Louvain, Av. Mounier 54, Bruxelles 1200, Belgium
| | - Stephan Swinnen
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101 box 1501, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, Leuven 5005, Belgium.
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Surface-Based Cortical Measures in Multimodal Association Brain Regions Predict Chess Expertise. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12111592. [PMID: 36421916 PMCID: PMC9688322 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12111592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex structure of the brain supports high-order cognition, which is crucial for mastering chess. Surface-based measures, including the fractional dimension (FD) and gyrification index (GI), may be more sensitive in detecting cortical changes relative to volumetric indexes. For this reason, structural magnetic resonance imaging data from 29 chess experts and 29 novice participants were analyzed using the CAT12 toolbox. FD and GI for each brain region were compared between the groups. A multivariate model was used to identify surface-based brain measures that can predict chess expertise. In chess experts, FD is increased in the left frontal operculum (p < 0.01), and this change correlates with the starting age of chess practice (ρ = −0.54, p < 0.01). FD is decreased in the right superior parietal lobule (p < 0.01). Chess expertise is predicted by the FD in a network of fronto-parieto-temporal regions and is associated with GI changes in the middle cingulate gyrus (p < 0.01) and the superior temporal sulcus (p < 0.01). Our findings add to the evidence that chess expertise is based on the complex properties of the brain surface of a network of transmodal association areas important for flexible high-level cognitive functions. Interestingly, these changes are associated with long-lasting practice, suggesting that neuroplastic effects develop over time.
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Grothe M, Jochem K, Strauss S, Langner S, Kirsch M, Hoffeld K, Penner IK, Nagels G, Klepzig K, Domin M, Lotze M. Performance in information processing speed is associated with parietal white matter tract integrity in multiple sclerosis. Front Neurol 2022; 13:982964. [DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.982964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is most frequently used to test processing speed in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Functional imaging studies emphasize the importance of frontal and parietal areas for task performance, but the influence of frontoparietal tracts has not been thoroughly studied. We were interested in tract-specific characteristics and their association with processing speed in MS patients.MethodsDiffusion tensor imaging was obtained in 100 MS patients and 24 healthy matched controls to compare seed-based tract characteristics descending from the superior parietal lobule [Brodman area 7A (BA7A)], atlas-based tract characteristics from the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and control tract characteristics from the corticospinal tract (CST) and their respective association with ability on the SDMT.ResultsPatients had decreased performance on the SDMT and decreased white matter volume (each p < 0.05). The mean fractional anisotropy (FA) for the BA7A tract and CST (p < 0.05), but not the SLF, differed between MS patients and controls. Furthermore, only the FA of the SLF was positively associated with SDMT performance even after exclusion of the lesions within the tract (r = 0.25, p < 0.05). However, only disease disability and total white matter volume were associated with information processing speed in a linear regression model.ConclusionsProcessing speed in MS is associated with the structural integrity of frontoparietal white matter tracts.
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Togo M, Matsumoto R, Usami K, Kobayashi K, Takeyama H, Nakae T, Shimotake A, Kikuchi T, Yoshida K, Matsuhashi M, Kunieda T, Miyamoto S, Takahashi R, Ikeda A. Distinct connectivity patterns in human medial parietal cortices: Evidence from standardized connectivity map using cortico-cortical evoked potential. Neuroimage 2022; 263:119639. [PMID: 36155245 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The medial parietal cortices are components of the default mode network (DMN), which are active in the resting state. The medial parietal cortices include the precuneus and the dorsal posterior cingulate cortex (dPCC). Few studies have mentioned differences in the connectivity in the medial parietal cortices, and these differences have not yet been precisely elucidated. Electrophysiological connectivity is essential for understanding cortical function or functional differences. Since little is known about electrophysiological connections from the medial parietal cortices in humans, we evaluated distinct connectivity patterns in the medial parietal cortices by constructing a standardized connectivity map using cortico-cortical evoked potential (CCEP). This study included nine patients with partial epilepsy or a brain tumor who underwent chronic intracranial electrode placement covering the medial parietal cortices. Single-pulse electrical stimuli were delivered to the medial parietal cortices (38 pairs of electrodes). Responses were standardized using the z-score of the baseline activity, and a response density map was constructed in the Montreal Neurological Institutes (MNI) space. The precuneus tended to connect with the inferior parietal lobule (IPL), the occipital cortex, superior parietal lobule (SPL), and the dorsal premotor area (PMd) (the four most active regions, in descending order), while the dPCC tended to connect to the middle cingulate cortex, SPL, precuneus, and IPL. The connectivity pattern differs significantly between the precuneus and dPCC stimulation (p<0.05). Regarding each part of the medial parietal cortices, the distributions of parts of CCEP responses resembled those of the functional connectivity database. Based on how the dPCC was connected to the medial frontal area, SPL, and IPL, its connectivity pattern could not be explained by DMN alone, but suggested a mixture of DMN and the frontoparietal cognitive network. These findings improve our understanding of the connectivity profile within the medial parietal cortices. The electrophysiological connectivity is the basis of propagation of electrical activities in patients with epilepsy. In addition, it helps us to better understand the epileptic network arising from the medial parietal cortices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Togo
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Division of Neurology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Riki Matsumoto
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Division of Neurology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Kiyohide Usami
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Katsuya Kobayashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Takeyama
- Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology, Japanese Red Cross Otsu Hospital, Japan
| | - Takuro Nakae
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga General Hospital, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimotake
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kikuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Yoshida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masao Matsuhashi
- Departments of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders and Physiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takeharu Kunieda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Susumu Miyamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Akio Ikeda
- Departments of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders and Physiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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Zhao C, Chen M, Ding Z, Liu C, Wu X. Altered functional association and couplings: Effective diagnostic neuromarkers for Alzheimer’s disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1009632. [PMID: 36313014 PMCID: PMC9606803 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1009632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder causing dementia in the elderly population. Functional disconnection of brain is considered to be the main cause of AD. In this study, we applied a newly developed association (Asso) mapping approach to directly quantify the functional disconnections and to explore the diagnostic effects for AD with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 36 AD patients and 42 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls (HC). We found that AD patients showed decreased Asso in left dorsoanterior insula (INS) while increased functional connections of INS with right medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). The changed Asso and functional connections were closely associated with cognitive performances. In addition, the reduced Asso and increased functional connections could serve as effective neuromarkers to distinguish AD patients from HC. Our research provided new evidence for functional disconnections in AD and demonstrated that functional disconnections between cognition-memory networks may be potential early biomarkers for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyi Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Department of Gynecology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Meiling Chen
- Department of Clinical Psychology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Zhiyong Ding
- Department of Medical Imaging, Qujing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Qujing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiyong Ding,
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, China
- Chunyan Liu,
| | - Xiaomei Wu
- Department of Gynecology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Xiaomei Wu,
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Abstract
Playing a musical instrument engages numerous cognitive abilities, including sensory perception, selective attention, and short-term memory. Mounting evidence indicates that engaging these cognitive functions during musical training will improve performance of these same functions. Yet, it remains unclear the extent these benefits may extend to nonmusical tasks, and what neural mechanisms may enable such transfer. Here, we conducted a preregistered randomized clinical trial where nonmusicians underwent 8 wk of either digital musical rhythm training or word search as control. Only musical rhythm training placed demands on short-term memory, as well as demands on visual perception and selective attention, which are known to facilitate short-term memory. As hypothesized, only the rhythm training group exhibited improved short-term memory on a face recognition task, thereby providing important evidence that musical rhythm training can benefit performance on a nonmusical task. Analysis of electroencephalography data showed that neural activity associated with sensory processing and selective attention were unchanged by training. Rather, rhythm training facilitated neural activity associated with short-term memory encoding, as indexed by an increased P3 of the event-related potential to face stimuli. Moreover, short-term memory maintenance was enhanced, as evidenced by increased two-class (face/scene) decoding accuracy. Activity from both the encoding and maintenance periods each highlight the right superior parietal lobule (SPL) as a source for training-related changes. Together, these results suggest musical rhythm training may improve memory for faces by facilitating activity within the SPL to promote how memories are encoded and maintained, which can be used in a domain-general manner to enhance performance on a nonmusical task.
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Wang Q, Wang Y, Xu W, Chen X, Li X, Li Q, Li H. Corresponding anatomical of the macaque superior parietal lobule areas 5 (PE) subdivision reveal similar connectivity patterns with humans. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:964310. [PMID: 36267237 PMCID: PMC9577089 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.964310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Using the animal brain as a cross-species tool for human brain research based on imaging features can provide more potential to reveal comprehensive human brain analysis. Previous studies have shown that human Brodmann area 5 (BA5) and macaque PE are homologous regions. They are both involved in processes depth and direction information during the touch process in the arm movement. However, recent studies show that both BA5 and PE are not homogeneous. According to the cytoarchitecture, BA5 is subdivided into three different subregions, and PE can be subdivided into PEl, PEla, and PEm. The species homologous relationship among the subregions is not clear between BA5 and PE. At the same time, the subdivision of PE based on the anatomical connection of white matter fiber bundles needs more verification. This research subdivided the PE of macaques based on the anatomical connection of white matter fiber bundles. Two PE subregions are defined based on probabilistic fiber tracking, one on the anterior side and the other on the dorsal side. Finally, the research draws connectivity fingerprints with predefined homologous target areas for the BA5 and PE subregions to reveal the characteristics of structure and functions and gives the homologous correspondence identified.
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Pessin S, Walsh EC, Hoks RM, Birn RM, Abercrombie HC, Philippi CL. Resting-state neural signal variability in women with depressive disorders. Behav Brain Res 2022; 433:113999. [PMID: 35811000 PMCID: PMC9559753 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant activity and connectivity in default mode (DMN), frontoparietal (FPN), and salience (SN) network regions is well-documented in depression. Recent neuroimaging research suggests that altered variability in the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal may disrupt normal network integration and be an important novel predictor of psychopathology. However, no studies have yet determined the relationship between resting-state BOLD signal variability and depressive disorders nor applied BOLD signal variability features to the classification of depression history using machine learning (ML). We collected resting-state fMRI data for 79 women with different depression histories: no history, past history, and current depressive disorder. We tested voxelwise differences in BOLD signal variability related to depression group and severity. We also investigated whether BOLD signal variability of DMN, FPN, and SN regions could predict depression history group using a supervised random forest ML model. Results indicated that individuals with any history of depression had significantly decreased BOLD signal variability in the left and right cerebellum and right parietal cortex (pFWE <0.05). Furthermore, greater depression severity was also associated with reduced BOLD signal variability in the cerebellum. A random forest model classified participant depression history with 74% accuracy, with the ventral anterior cingulate cortex of the DMN as the most important variable in the model. These findings provide novel support for resting-state BOLD signal variability as a marker of neural dysfunction in depression and implicate decreased neural signal variability in the pathophysiology of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Pessin
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, 1 University Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - Erin C Walsh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, CB# 7167, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Roxanne M Hoks
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 625W. Washington Ave., Madison, WI 53703, USA
| | - Rasmus M Birn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Blvd., Madison, WI 53719, USA
| | - Heather C Abercrombie
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 625W. Washington Ave., Madison, WI 53703, USA
| | - Carissa L Philippi
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, 1 University Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63121, USA.
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Li W, Wang C, Lan X, Fu L, Zhang F, Ye Y, Liu H, Zhou Y, Ning Y. Resting-state functional connectivity of the amygdala in major depressive disorder with suicidal ideation. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 153:189-196. [PMID: 35839660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is a common issue among major depressive disorder (MDD) patients and suicidal ideation (SI) is the first step toward it. There are no definitive objective biomarkers of SI relative to MDD. In this study, a seed-based correlation analysis was performed among 36 MDD patients with SI, 66 MDD patients without SI (NSI), and 57 healthy controls (HCs) using amygdala resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC). Furthermore, the correlation between amygdala RSFC and clinical features was examined in the SI group. When compared to the NSI group, SI group exhibited increased RSFC between the left amygdala seed and left medial superior frontal gyrus (SFGmed) as well as left middle frontal gyrus (MFG). In turn, a decreased RSFC was observed between the left amygdala seed and the following brain regions including the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL), right precentral gyrus (PrCG), and left superior parietal lobule (SPL) in SI group compared to NSI group. Moreover, the SI group exhibited increased RSFC of the right amygdala with left middle temporal gyrus (MTG); In addition, the RSFC of the left amygdala with left MFG was negatively associated with learning and memory (VSM), speed of processing (SOP). The RSFC of the amygdala is distinct between MDD patients with SI and without SI. Our findings reveal the neurobiological characteristics of MDD with respect to SI and provide new clues regarding vulnerability to mental illness. It is necessary to carry out repeated and more longitudinal researches using multimodal approaches on SI in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengyu Wang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lan
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Fu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanxiang Ye
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Zhou
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuping Ning
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China.
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Yang Y, Wang F, Andrade-Machado R, De Vito A, Wang J, Zhang T, Liu H. Disrupted functional connectivity patterns of the left inferior frontal gyrus subregions in benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. Transl Pediatr 2022; 11:1552-1561. [PMID: 36247884 PMCID: PMC9561512 DOI: 10.21037/tp-22-270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) is one of the most common pediatric epileptic syndromes. Recent studies have shown that BECTS can lead to significant language dysfunction. Although research supports the role of the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) in BECTS, it is unclear whether the subregions of the LIFG show different change patterns in patients with this syndrome. METHODS Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data in a group of 49 BECTS patients and 49 healthy controls, we investigated whether the BECTS patients show abnormal connectivity patterns of the LIFG subregions. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, the BECTS patients exhibited higher connectivity between the following: the inferior frontal sulcus (IFS) and the right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and the ventral area 44 (A44v) region and the left hippocampus/parahippocampus. Also, a decreased connectivity was found between the IFS and the left inferior temporal gyrus (ITG). No other significant differences in functional connectivity were found in the other 4 functional subregions of the LIFG in the BECTS. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence for BECTS-related functional connectivity patterns of the LIFG subregions and suggest that different subregions may be involved in different neural circuits associated with language function in the BECTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China.,Department of Radiology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Fuqin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China
| | - René Andrade-Machado
- Epilepsy Fellow at Children Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Andrea De Vito
- Department of Neuroradiology, H. S. Gerardo Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Jiaojian Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Center for Language and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tijiang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China
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Bulut T. Meta-analytic connectivity modeling of the left and right inferior frontal gyri. Cortex 2022; 155:107-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ward E, Brownsett S, McMahon K, Hartwigsen G, Mascelloni M, de Zubicaray G. Online transcranial magnetic stimulation reveals differential effects of transitivity in left inferior parietal cortex but not premotor cortex during action naming. Neuropsychologia 2022; 174:108339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH SUPERIOR PARIETAL LOBULE INFARCTS. Neurol Sci 2022:1-9. [PMID: 35686295 DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2022.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Real-Time Neuropsychological Testing of sensorimotor cognition during awake surgery in pre-central and post-somatosensory areas. World Neurosurg 2022; 164:e599-e610. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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40
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Cao X, Li Q, Liu S, Li Z, Wang Y, Cheng L, Yang C, Xu Y. Enhanced Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Nucleus Accumbens in First-Episode, Medication-Naïve Patients With Early Onset Schizophrenia. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:844519. [PMID: 35401094 PMCID: PMC8990232 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.844519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There is abundant evidence that early onset schizophrenia (EOS) is associated with abnormalities in widespread regions, including the cortical, striatal, and limbic areas. As a main component of the ventral striatum, the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is implicated in the pathology of schizophrenia. However, functional connection patterns of NAc in patients with schizophrenia, especially EOS, are seldom explored. A total of 78 first-episode, medication-naïve patients with EOS and 90 healthy controls were recruited in the present study, and resting-state, seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analyses were performed to investigate temporal correlations between NAc and the rest of the brain in the two groups. Additionally, correlation analyses were done between regions showing group differences in NAc functional integration and clinical features of EOS. Group comparison found enhanced FC of the NAc in the EOS group relative to the HCs with increased FC in the right superior temporal gyrus and left superior parietal gyrus with the left NAc region of interest (ROI) and elevated FC in left middle occipital gyrus with the right NAc ROI. No significant associations were found between FC strength and symptom severity as well as the age of the patients. Our findings reveal abnormally enhanced FC of the NAc with regions located in the temporal, parietal, and occipital areas, which were implicated in auditory/visual processing, sensorimotor integration, and cognitive functions. The results suggest disturbed relationships between regions subserving reward, salience processing, and regions subserving sensory processing as well as cognitive functions, which may deepen our understanding of the role of NAc in the pathology of EOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Shanxi Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zexuan Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chengxiang Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Mental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Xu, ;
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Li Q, Liu S, Cao X, Li Z, Fan YS, Wang Y, Wang J, Xu Y. Disassociated and concurrent structural and functional abnormalities in the drug-naïve first-episode early onset schizophrenia. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:1627-1635. [PMID: 35179706 PMCID: PMC9279212 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00608-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia which is an abnormally developmental disease has been widely reported to show abnormal brain structure and function. Enhanced functional integration is a predominant neural marker for brain mature. Abnormal development of structure and functional integration may be a biomarker for early diagnosis of schizophrenia. Fifty-five patients with early onset schizophrenia (EOS) and 79 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and functional connectivity density (FCD) were performed to explore gray matter volume (GMV) lesion, abnormal functional integration, and concurrent structural and functional abnormalities in the brain. Furthermore, the relationships between abnormalities structural and function and clinical characteristics were evaluated in EOS. Compared with healthy controls, EOS showed significantly decreased GMV in the bilateral OFC, frontal, temporal, occipital, parietal and limbic system. EOS also showed decreased FCD in precuneus and increased FCD in cerebellum. Moreover, we found concurrent changes of structure and function in left lateral orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC). Finally, correlation analyses did not find significant correlation between abnormal neural measurements and clinical characteristic in EOS. The results reveal disassociated and bound structural and functional abnormalities patterns in EOS suggesting structural and functional measurements play different roles in delineating the abnormal patterns of EOS. The concurrent structural and functional changes in lOFC may be a biomarker for early diagnosis of schizophrenia. Our findings will deepen our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms in EOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder/Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85 Jiefang Nan Road, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder/Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85 Jiefang Nan Road, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaohua Cao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder/Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85 Jiefang Nan Road, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zexuan Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder/Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85 Jiefang Nan Road, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yun-Shuang Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 625014, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder/Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85 Jiefang Nan Road, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiaojian Wang
- Center for Language and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder/Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85 Jiefang Nan Road, Taiyuan, China.
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
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42
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Neuner I, Veselinović T, Ramkiran S, Rajkumar R, Schnellbaecher GJ, Shah NJ. 7T ultra-high-field neuroimaging for mental health: an emerging tool for precision psychiatry? Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:36. [PMID: 35082273 PMCID: PMC8791951 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01787-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the huge symptom diversity and complexity of mental disorders, an individual approach is the most promising avenue for clinical transfer and the establishment of personalized psychiatry. However, due to technical limitations, knowledge about the neurobiological basis of mental illnesses has, to date, mainly been based on findings resulting from evaluations of average data from certain diagnostic groups. We postulate that this could change substantially through the use of the emerging ultra-high-field MRI (UHF-MRI) technology. The main advantages of UHF-MRI include high signal-to-noise ratio, resulting in higher spatial resolution and contrast and enabling individual examinations of single subjects. Thus, we used this technology to assess changes in the properties of resting-state networks over the course of therapy in a naturalistic study of two depressed patients. Significant changes in several network property measures were found in regions corresponding to prior knowledge from group-level studies. Moreover, relevant parameters were already significantly divergent in both patients at baseline. In summary, we demonstrate the feasibility of UHF-MRI for capturing individual neurobiological correlates of mental diseases. These could serve as a tool for therapy monitoring and pave the way for a truly individualized and predictive clinical approach in psychiatric care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Neuner
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
- JARA-BRAIN, Jülich/Aachen, Germany.
| | - Tanja Veselinović
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Shukti Ramkiran
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ravichandran Rajkumar
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- JARA-BRAIN, Jülich/Aachen, Germany
| | | | - N Jon Shah
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- JARA-BRAIN, Jülich/Aachen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 11, INM-11, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
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43
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Yoon L, Carranza AF, Swartz JR. Resting-State Functional Connectivity Associated With Extraversion and Agreeableness in Adolescence. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 15:644790. [PMID: 35046781 PMCID: PMC8762207 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.644790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although adolescence is a period in which developmental changes occur in brain connectivity, personality formation, and peer interaction, few studies have examined the neural correlates of personality dimensions related to social behavior within adolescent samples. The current study aims to investigate whether adolescents’ brain functional connectivity is associated with extraversion and agreeableness, personality dimensions linked to peer acceptance, social network size, and friendship quality. Considering sex-variant neural maturation in adolescence, we also examined sex-specific associations between personality and functional connectivity. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from a community sample of 70 adolescents aged 12–15, we examined associations between self-reported extraversion and agreeableness and seed-to-whole brain connectivity with the amygdala as a seed region of interest. Then, using 415 brain regions that correspond to 8 major brain networks and subcortex, we explored neural connectivity within brain networks and across the whole-brain. We conducted group-level multiple regression analyses with the regressors of extraversion, agreeableness, and their interactions with sex. Results demonstrated that amygdala connectivity with the postcentral gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and the temporal pole is positively associated with extraversion in girls and negatively associated with extraversion in boys. Agreeableness was positively associated with amygdala connectivity with the middle occipital cortex and superior parietal cortex, in the same direction for boys and girls. Results of the whole-brain connectivity analysis revealed that the connectivity of the postcentral gyrus, located in the dorsal attention network, with regions in default mode network (DMN), salience/ventral attention network, and control network (CON) was associated with extraversion, with most connections showing positive associations in girls and negative associations in boys. For agreeableness, results of the within-network connectivity analysis showed that connections within the limbic network were positively associated with agreeableness in boys while negatively associated with or not associated with agreeableness in girls. Results suggest that intrinsic functional connectivity may contribute to adolescents’ individual differences in extraversion and agreeableness and highlights sex-specific neural connectivity patterns associated with the two personality dimensions. This study deepens our understanding of the neurobiological correlates of adolescent personality that may lead to different developmental trajectories of social experience.
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Guo X, Wang W, Kang L, Shu C, Bai H, Tu N, Bu L, Gao Y, Wang G, Liu Z. Abnormal degree centrality in first-episode medication-free adolescent depression at rest: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study and support vector machine analysis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:926292. [PMID: 36245889 PMCID: PMC9556654 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.926292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression in adolescents is more heterogeneous and less often diagnosed than depression in adults. At present, reliable approaches to differentiating between adolescents who are and are not affected by depression are lacking. This study was designed to assess voxel-level whole-brain functional connectivity changes associated with adolescent depression in an effort to define an imaging-based biomarker associated with this condition. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 71 adolescents affected by major depressive disorder (MDD) and 71 age-, sex-, and education level-matched healthy controls were subjected to resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) based analyses of brain voxel-wise degree centrality (DC), with a support vector machine (SVM) being used for pattern classification analyses. RESULTS DC patterns derived from 16-min rs-fMRI analyses were able to effectively differentiate between adolescent MDD patients and healthy controls with 95.1% accuracy (136/143), and with respective sensitivity and specificity values of 92.1% (70/76) and 98.5% (66/67) based upon DC abnormalities detected in the right cerebellum. Specifically, increased DC was evident in the bilateral insula and left lingual area of MDD patients, together with reductions in the DC values in the right cerebellum and bilateral superior parietal lobe. DC values were not significantly correlated with disease severity or duration in these patients following correction for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSION These results suggest that whole-brain network centrality abnormalities may be present in many brain regions in adolescent depression patients. Accordingly, these DC maps may hold value as candidate neuroimaging biomarkers capable of differentiating between adolescents who are and are not affected by MDD, although further validation of these results will be critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lijun Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hanpin Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ning Tu
- PET/CT/MRI and Molecular Imaging Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lihong Bu
- PET/CT/MRI and Molecular Imaging Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yujun Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gaohua Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongchun Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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45
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Dynamic changes of large-scale resting-state functional networks in major depressive disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 111:110369. [PMID: 34062173 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Sliding window method is widely used to study the functional connectivity dynamics in brain networks. A key issue of this method is how to choose the window length and number of clusters across different window length. Here, we introduced a universal method to determine the optimal window length and number of clusters and applied it to study the dynamic functional network connectivity (FNC) in major depressive disorder (MDD). Specifically, we first extracted the resting-state networks (RSNs) in 27 medication-free MDD patients and 54 healthy controls using group independent component analysis (ICA), and constructed the dynamic FNC patterns for each subject in the window range of 10-80 repetition times (TRs) using sliding window method. Then, litekmeans algorithm was utilized to cluster the FNC patterns corresponding to each window length into 2-20 clusters. The optimal number of clusters was determined by voting method and the optimal window length was determined by identifying the most representative window length. Finally, 8 recurring FNC patterns regarded as FNC states were captured for further analyzing the dynamic attributes. Our results revealed that MDD patients showed increased mean dwell time and fraction of time spent in state #5, and the mean dwell time is correlated with depression symptom load. Additionally, compared with healthy controls, MDD patients had significantly reduced FNC within FPN in state #7. Our study reported a new approach to determine the optimal window length and number of clusters, which may facilitate the future study of the functional dynamics. These findings about MDD using dynamic FNC analyses provide new evidence to better understand the neuropathology of MDD.
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46
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Miglin R, Rodriguez S, Bounoua N, Sadeh N. A Multidimensional Examination of Psychopathy Traits and Gray Matter Volume in Adults. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 17:662-672. [PMID: 34878140 PMCID: PMC9250300 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsab131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncovering the neurobiological abnormalities that may contribute to the manifestation of psychopathic traits is an important step toward understanding the etiology of this disorder. Although many studies have examined gray matter volume (GMV) in relation to psychopathy, few have examined how dimensions of psychopathic traits interactively relate to GMV, an approach that holds promise for parsing heterogeneity in neurobiological risk factors for this disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the affective-interpersonal (Factor 1) and impulsive-antisocial (Factor 2) dimensions of psychopathy in relation to cortical surface and subcortical GMV in a mixed-gender, high-risk community sample with significant justice-system involvement (N = 156, 50.0% men). Cortex-wide analysis indicated that (i) the Factor 1 traits correlated negatively with GMV in two cortical clusters, one in the right rostral middle frontal region and one in the occipital lobe, and (ii) the interaction of the affective-interpersonal and impulsive-antisocial traits was negatively associated with GMV bilaterally in the parietal lobe, such that individuals high on both trait dimensions evidenced reduced GMV relative to individuals high on only one psychopathy factor. An interactive effect also emerged for bilateral amygdalar and hippocampal GMV, such that Factor 1 psychopathic traits were significantly negatively associated with GMV only at high (but not low) levels of Factor 2 traits. Results extend prior research by demonstrating the neurobiological correlates of psychopathy differ based on the presentation of Factor 1 and 2 traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rickie Miglin
- University of Delaware, Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Samantha Rodriguez
- University of Delaware, Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Nadia Bounoua
- University of Delaware, Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Naomi Sadeh
- University of Delaware, Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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47
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Yin X, Chen L, Ma M, Zhang H, Gao M, Wu X, Li Y. Altered Brain Structure and Spontaneous Functional Activity in Children With Concomitant Strabismus. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:777762. [PMID: 34867247 PMCID: PMC8634149 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.777762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Strabismus occurs in about 2% of children and may result in amblyopia or lazy eyes and loss of depth perception. However, whether/how long-term strabismus shapes the brain structure and functions in children with concomitant strabismus (CS) is still unclear. In this study, a total of 26 patients with CS and 28 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging examination. The cortical thickness and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) were calculated to assess the structural and functional plasticity in children with CS. Compared with HCs group, patients with CS showed increased cortical thickness in the precentral gyrus and angular gyrus while decreased cortical thickness in the left intraparietal sulcus, parieto-occipital sulcus, superior and middle temporal gyrus, right ventral premotor cortex, anterior insula, orbitofrontal cortex, and paracentral lobule. Meanwhile, CS patients exhibited increased ALFF in the prefrontal cortex and superior temporal gyrus, and decreased ALFF in the caudate and hippocampus. These results show that children with CS have abnormal structure and function in brain regions subserving eye movement, controls, and high-order cognitive functions. Our findings revealed the structural and functional abnormalities induced by CS and may provide new insight into the underlying neural mechanisms for CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Yin
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingjun Chen
- Department of Radiology, Gaoling District Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingyue Ma
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Department of CT and MRI, Weinan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weinan, China
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48
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Robert C, Patel R, Blostein N, Steele CJ, Chakravarty MM. Analyses of microstructural variation in the human striatum using non-negative matrix factorization. Neuroimage 2021; 246:118744. [PMID: 34848302 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The striatum is a major subcortical connection hub that has been heavily implicated in a wide array of motor and cognitive functions. Here, we developed a normative multimodal, data-driven microstructural parcellation of the striatum using non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) based on multiple magnetic resonance imaging-based metrics (mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy, and the ratio between T1- and T2-weighted structural scans) from the Human Connectome Project Young Adult dataset (n = 329 unrelated participants, age range: 22-35, F/M: 185/144). We further explored the biological and functional relationships of this parcellation by relating our findings to motor and cognitive performance in tasks known to involve the striatum as well as demographics. We identified 5 spatially distinct striatal components for each hemisphere. We also show the gain in component stability when using multimodal versus unimodal metrics. Our findings suggest distinct microstructural patterns in the human striatum that are largely symmetric and that relate mostly to age and sex. Our work also highlights the putative functional relevance of these striatal components to different designations based on a Neurosynth meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Robert
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada.
| | - Raihaan Patel
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada; Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nadia Blostein
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Chrisopher J Steele
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - M Mallar Chakravarty
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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49
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Chen K, Wang L, Zeng J, Chen A, Gao Z, Wang J. Voxel-Wise Quantitative Mapping of the Brain Association Ability. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:746894. [PMID: 34720865 PMCID: PMC8555663 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.746894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The association cortices of the brain are essential for integrating multimodal information that subserves complex and high-order cognitive functions. To delineate the changing pattern of associative cortices can provide critical insight into brain development, aging, plasticity, and disease-triggered functional abnormalities. However, how to quantitatively characterize the association capability of the brain is elusive. Here, we developed a new method of association index (Asso) at the voxel level to quantitatively characterize the brain association ability. Using the Asso method, we found high Asso values in association cortical networks, and low values in visual and limbic networks, suggesting a pattern of significant gradient distribution in neural functions. The spatial distribution patterns of Asso show high similarities across different thresholds suggesting that Asso mapping is a threshold-free method. In addition, compared with functional connectivity strength, i.e., degree centrality method, Asso mapping showed different patterns for association cortices and primary cortices. Finally, the Asso method was applied to investigate aging effects and identified similar findings with previous studies. All these results indicated that Asso can characterize the brain association patterns effectively and open a new avenue to reveal a neural basis for development, aging, and brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijie Wang
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianguang Zeng
- School of Economics and Business Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ai Chen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology-Gastroenterology and Newborn Screening Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhao Gao
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, School of Foreign Languages, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaojian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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50
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Li Y, Dai X, Wu H, Wang L. Establishment of Effective Biomarkers for Depression Diagnosis With Fusion of Multiple Resting-State Connectivity Measures. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:729958. [PMID: 34566570 PMCID: PMC8458632 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.729958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe mental disorder and is lacking in biomarkers for clinical diagnosis. Previous studies have demonstrated that functional abnormalities of the unifying triple networks are the underlying basis of the neuropathology of depression. However, whether the functional properties of the triple network are effective biomarkers for the diagnosis of depression remains unclear. In our study, we used independent component analysis to define the triple networks, and resting-state functional connectivities (RSFCs), effective connectivities (EC) measured with dynamic causal modeling (DCM), and dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) measured with the sliding window method were applied to map the functional interactions between subcomponents of triple networks. Two-sample t-tests with p < 0.05 with Bonferroni correction were used to identify the significant differences between healthy controls (HCs) and MDD. Compared with HCs, the MDD showed significantly increased intrinsic FC between the left central executive network (CEN) and salience network (SAL), increased EC from the right CEN to left CEN, decreased EC from the right CEN to the default mode network (DMN), and decreased dFC between the right CEN and SAL, DMN. Moreover, by fusion of the changed RSFC, EC, and dFC as features, support vector classification could effectively distinguish the MDD from HCs. Our results demonstrated that fusion of the multiple functional connectivities measures of the triple networks is an effective way to reveal functional disruptions for MDD, which may facilitate establishing the clinical diagnosis biomarkers for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Li
- School of Electrical Engineering and Electronic Information, Xihua University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery, Ministry of Education, Xihua University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Fluid Machinery and Engineering, Sichuan Province, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Dai
- School of Automation, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huawang Wu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijie Wang
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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