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Weber S, Rey Álvarez LT, Ansede-Bermejo J, Cruz R, Del Real Á, Bühler J, Carracedo Á, Aybek S. The impact of genetic variations in the serotonergic system on symptom severity and clinical outcome in functional neurological disorders. J Psychosom Res 2024; 186:111909. [PMID: 39236646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We studied gene-environment, as well as gene-gene interaction to elucidate their effects on symptom severity and predict clinical outcomes in functional neurological disorders (FND). METHODS Eighty-five patients with mixed FND were genotyped for ten single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from seven different stress-related genes. We tested cross-sectionally the association between genotype and the symptomatology of FND (symptom severity assessed with the examiner-based clinical global impression score [CGI] and age of onset). Clinical outcome was assessed in 52 patients who participated in a follow-up clinical visit after eight months (following their individual therapies as usual). We tested longitudinally the association between genotype and clinical outcome in FND. We examined the contribution of each SNP and their interaction between them to FND symptomatology and outcome. RESULTS We identified a nominal association between tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1) rs1800532 and symptom severity (CGI1) in FND under a codominant model (T/T: ßT/T = 2.31, seT/T = 0.57; G/T: ßG/T = -0.18, seG/T = 0.29, P = 0.035), with minor allele (T) carriers presenting more severe symptoms. An association was identified between TPH1 and clinical outcome, suggesting that major allele (G) carriers were more likely to have an improved outcome under a codominant model (G/T: ORG/T = 0.18, CIG/T = [0.02-1.34]; T/T: ORT/T = 2.08, CIT/T = [0.30-14.53], P = 0.041). Our analyses suggested a significant gene-gene interaction for TPH2 (rs4570625) and OXTR (rs2254298) on symptom severity, and a significant gene-gene interaction for TPH1, TPH2 and BDNF (rs1491850) on clinical outcome. CONCLUSION FND might arise from a complex interplay between individual predisposing risk genes involved in the serotonergic pathway and their gene-gene interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Weber
- Department of Neurology, Psychosomatic Medicine Unit, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lucía Trinidad Rey Álvarez
- Department of Neurology, Psychosomatic Medicine Unit, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Juan Ansede-Bermejo
- Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Raquel Cruz
- Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Álvaro Del Real
- Medicine and Psychiatry Department, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Janine Bühler
- Department of Neurology, Psychosomatic Medicine Unit, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ángel Carracedo
- Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Sistema Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Selma Aybek
- Department of Neurology, Psychosomatic Medicine Unit, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Gerin MI, Viding E, Herringa RJ, Russell JD, McCrory EJ. A systematic review of childhood maltreatment and resting state functional connectivity. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 64:101322. [PMID: 37952287 PMCID: PMC10665826 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) has the potential to shed light on how childhood abuse and neglect relates to negative psychiatric outcomes. However, a comprehensive review of the impact of childhood maltreatment on the brain's resting state functional organization has not yet been undertaken. We systematically searched rsFC studies in children and youth exposed to maltreatment. Nineteen studies (total n = 3079) met our inclusion criteria. Two consistent findings were observed. Childhood maltreatment was linked to reduced connectivity between the anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, and with widespread heightened amygdala connectivity with key structures in the salience, default mode, and prefrontal regulatory networks. Other brain regions showing altered connectivity included the ventral anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus. These patterns of altered functional connectivity associated with maltreatment exposure were independent of symptoms, yet comparable to those seen in individuals with overt clinical disorder. Summative findings indicate that rsFC alterations associated with maltreatment experience are related to poor cognitive and social functioning and are prognostic of future symptoms. In conclusion, maltreatment is associated with altered rsFC in emotional reactivity, regulation, learning, and salience detection brain circuits. This indicates patterns of recalibration of putative mechanisms implicated in maladaptive developmental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia I Gerin
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK; Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK.
| | - Essi Viding
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ryan J Herringa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, WI, UK
| | - Justin D Russell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, WI, UK
| | - Eamon J McCrory
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK; Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK
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3
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Rancelis T, Domarkiene I, Ambrozaityte L, Utkus A. Implementing Core Genes and an Omnigenic Model for Behaviour Traits Prediction in Genomics. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1630. [PMID: 37628681 PMCID: PMC10454355 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A high number of genome variants are associated with complex traits, mainly due to genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Using polygenic risk scores (PRSs) is a widely accepted method for calculating an individual's complex trait prognosis using such data. Unlike monogenic traits, the practical implementation of complex traits by applying this method still falls behind. Calculating PRSs from all GWAS data has limited practical usability in behaviour traits due to statistical noise and the small effect size from a high number of genome variants involved. From a behaviour traits perspective, complex traits are explored using the concept of core genes from an omnigenic model, aiming to employ a simplified calculation version. Simplification may reduce the accuracy compared to a complete PRS encompassing all trait-associated variants. Integrating genome data with datasets from various disciplines, such as IT and psychology, could lead to better complex trait prediction. This review elucidates the significance of clear biological pathways in understanding behaviour traits. Specifically, it highlights the essential role of genes related to hormones, enzymes, and neurotransmitters as robust core genes in shaping these traits. Significant variations in core genes are prominently observed in behaviour traits such as stress response, impulsivity, and substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tautvydas Rancelis
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Santariskiu Str. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania; (I.D.); (L.A.); (A.U.)
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Matosin N, Arloth J, Czamara D, Edmond KZ, Maitra M, Fröhlich AS, Martinelli S, Kaul D, Bartlett R, Curry AR, Gassen NC, Hafner K, Müller NS, Worf K, Rehawi G, Nagy C, Halldorsdottir T, Cruceanu C, Gagliardi M, Gerstner N, Ködel M, Murek V, Ziller MJ, Scarr E, Tao R, Jaffe AE, Arzberger T, Falkai P, Kleinmann JE, Weinberger DR, Mechawar N, Schmitt A, Dean B, Turecki G, Hyde TM, Binder EB. Associations of psychiatric disease and ageing with FKBP5 expression converge on superficial layer neurons of the neocortex. Acta Neuropathol 2023; 145:439-459. [PMID: 36729133 PMCID: PMC10020280 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-023-02541-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Identification and characterisation of novel targets for treatment is a priority in the field of psychiatry. FKBP5 is a gene with decades of evidence suggesting its pathogenic role in a subset of psychiatric patients, with potential to be leveraged as a therapeutic target for these individuals. While it is widely reported that FKBP5/FKBP51 mRNA/protein (FKBP5/1) expression is impacted by psychiatric disease state, risk genotype and age, it is not known in which cell types and sub-anatomical areas of the human brain this occurs. This knowledge is critical to propel FKBP5/1-targeted treatment development. Here, we performed an extensive, large-scale postmortem study (n = 1024) of FKBP5/1, examining neocortical areas (BA9, BA11 and ventral BA24/BA24a) derived from subjects that lived with schizophrenia, major depression or bipolar disorder. With an extensive battery of RNA (bulk RNA sequencing, single-nucleus RNA sequencing, microarray, qPCR, RNAscope) and protein (immunoblot, immunohistochemistry) analysis approaches, we thoroughly investigated the effects of disease state, ageing and genotype on cortical FKBP5/1 expression including in a cell type-specific manner. We identified consistently heightened FKBP5/1 levels in psychopathology and with age, but not genotype, with these effects strongest in schizophrenia. Using single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNAseq; BA9 and BA11) and targeted histology (BA9, BA24a), we established that these disease and ageing effects on FKBP5/1 expression were most pronounced in excitatory superficial layer neurons of the neocortex, and this effect appeared to be consistent in both the granular and agranular areas examined. We then found that this increase in FKBP5 levels may impact on synaptic plasticity, as FKBP5 gex levels strongly and inversely correlated with dendritic mushroom spine density and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in superficial layer neurons in BA11. These findings pinpoint a novel cellular and molecular mechanism that has potential to open a new avenue of FKBP51 drug development to treat cognitive symptoms in psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Matosin
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
- Molecular Horizons, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, 2522, Australia.
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, 2522, Australia.
| | - Janine Arloth
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Katrina Z Edmond
- Molecular Horizons, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
| | - Malosree Maitra
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anna S Fröhlich
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Silvia Martinelli
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominic Kaul
- Molecular Horizons, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
| | - Rachael Bartlett
- Molecular Horizons, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
| | - Amber R Curry
- Molecular Horizons, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
| | - Nils C Gassen
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Neurohomeostasis Research Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Clinical Centre, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kathrin Hafner
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikola S Müller
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karolina Worf
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ghalia Rehawi
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Corina Nagy
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Cristiana Cruceanu
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miriam Gagliardi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nathalie Gerstner
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Maik Ködel
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Vanessa Murek
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael J Ziller
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Scarr
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Synaptic Neurobiology and Cognition Laboratory, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ran Tao
- The Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins University Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew E Jaffe
- The Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins University Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Arzberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
- Centre for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Joel E Kleinmann
- The Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins University Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Daniel R Weinberger
- The Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins University Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Naguib Mechawar
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrea Schmitt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
- Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM27), Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovidio Pires de Campos 785, São Paulo, 05453-010, Brazil
| | - Brian Dean
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Synaptic Neurobiology and Cognition Laboratory, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas M Hyde
- The Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins University Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA.
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Holz NE, Berhe O, Sacu S, Schwarz E, Tesarz J, Heim CM, Tost H. Early Social Adversity, Altered Brain Functional Connectivity, and Mental Health. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 93:430-441. [PMID: 36581495 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Early adverse environmental exposures during brain development are widespread risk factors for the onset of severe mental disorders and strong and consistent predictors of stress-related mental and physical illness and reduced life expectancy. Current evidence suggests that early negative experiences alter plasticity processes during developmentally sensitive time windows and affect the regular functional interaction of cortical and subcortical neural networks. This, in turn, may promote a maladapted development with negative consequences on the mental and physical health of exposed individuals. In this review, we discuss the role of functional magnetic resonance imaging-based functional connectivity phenotypes as potential biomarker candidates for the consequences of early environmental exposures-including but not limited to-childhood maltreatment. We take an expanded concept of developmentally relevant adverse experiences from infancy over childhood to adolescence as our starting point and focus our review of functional connectivity studies on a selected subset of functional magnetic resonance imaging-based phenotypes, including connectivity in the limbic and within the frontoparietal as well as default mode networks, for which we believe there is sufficient converging evidence for a more detailed discussion in a developmental context. Furthermore, we address specific methodological challenges and current knowledge gaps that complicate the interpretation of early stress effects on functional connectivity and deserve particular attention in future studies. Finally, we highlight the forthcoming prospects and challenges of this research area with regard to establishing functional connectivity measures as validated biomarkers for brain developmental processes and individual risk stratification and as target phenotypes for mechanism-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie E Holz
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Oksana Berhe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Seda Sacu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Emanuel Schwarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jonas Tesarz
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christine M Heim
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany; College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Heike Tost
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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Bolhuis K, Mulder RH, de Mol CL, Defina S, Warrier V, White T, Tiemeier H, Muetzel RL, Cecil CAM. Mapping gene by early life stress interactions on child subcortical brain structures: A genome-wide prospective study. JCPP ADVANCES 2022; 2:jcv2.12113. [PMID: 36777645 PMCID: PMC7614163 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although it is well-established that both genetics and the environment influence brain development, they are typically examined separately. Here, we aimed to prospectively investigate the interactive effects of genetic variants-from a genome-wide approach-and early life stress (ELS) on child subcortical brain structures, and their association with subsequent mental health problems. Method Primary analyses were conducted using data from the Generation R Study (N = 2257), including genotype and cumulative prenatal and postnatal ELS scores (encompassing life events, contextual risk, parental risk, interpersonal risk, direct victimisation). Neuroimaging data were collected at age 10 years, including intracranial and subcortical brain volumes (accumbens, amygdala, caudate, hippocampus, pallidum, putamen, thalamus). Genome-wide association and genome-wide-by-environment interaction analyses (GWEIS, run separately for prenatal/postnatal ELS) were conducted for eight brain outcomes (i.e., 24 genome-wide analyses) in the Generation R Study (discovery). Polygenic scores (PGS) using the resulting weights were calculated in an independent (target) cohort (adolescent brain cognitive development Study; N = 10,751), to validate associations with corresponding subcortical volumes and examine links to later mother-reported internalising and externalising problems. Results One GWEIS-prenatal stress locus was associated with caudate volume (rs139505895, mapping onto PRSS12 and NDST3) and two GWEIS-postnatal stress loci with the accumbens (rs2397823 and rs3130008, mapping onto CUTA, SYNGAP1, and TABP). Functional annotation revealed that these genes play a role in neuronal plasticity and synaptic function, and have been implicated in neuro-developmental phenotypes, for example, intellectual disability, autism, and schizophrenia. None of these associations survived a more stringent correction for multiple testing across all analysis sets. In the validation sample, all PGSgenotype were associated with their respective brain volumes, but no PGSGxE associated with any subcortical volume. None of the PGS associated with internalising or externalising problems. Conclusions This study lends novel suggestive insights into gene-environment interplay on the developing brain as well as pointing to promising candidate loci for future replication and mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Bolhuis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rosa H. Mulder
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Casper Louk de Mol
- Department of Neurology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Serena Defina
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Varun Warrier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryan L. Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte A. M. Cecil
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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7
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Martins J, Yusupov N, Binder EB, Brückl TM, Czamara D. Early adversity as the prototype gene × environment interaction in mental disorders? Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2022; 215:173371. [PMID: 35271857 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2022.173371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Childhood adversity (CA) as a significant stressor has consistently been associated with the development of mental disorders. The interaction between CA and genetic variants has been proposed to play a substantial role in disease etiology. In this review, we focus on the gene by environment (GxE) paradigm, its background and interpretation and stress the necessity of its implementation in psychiatric research. Further, we discuss the findings supporting GxCA interactions, ranging from candidate gene studies to polygenic and genome-wide approaches, their strengths and limitations. To illustrate potential underlying epigenetic mechanisms by which GxE effects are translated, we focus on results from FKBP5 × CA studies and discuss how molecular evidence can supplement previous GxE findings. In conclusion, while GxE studies constitute a valuable line of investigation, more harmonized GxE studies in large, deep-phenotyped, longitudinal cohorts, and across different developmental stages are necessary to further substantiate and understand reported GxE findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Martins
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany.
| | - Natan Yusupov
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Tanja M Brückl
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
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Wesarg C, Veer IM, Oei NYL, Daedelow LS, Lett TA, Banaschewski T, Barker GJ, Bokde AL, Quinlan EB, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Garavan H, Brühl R, Martinot J, Artiges E, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Whelan R, Schumann G, Heinz A, Walter H. The interaction of child abuse and rs1360780 of the FKBP5 gene is associated with amygdala resting-state functional connectivity in young adults. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:3269-3281. [PMID: 33818852 PMCID: PMC8193540 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive research has demonstrated that rs1360780, a common single nucleotide polymorphism within the FKBP5 gene, interacts with early-life stress in predicting psychopathology. Previous results suggest that carriers of the TT genotype of rs1360780 who were exposed to child abuse show differences in structure and functional activation of emotion-processing brain areas belonging to the salience network. Extending these findings on intermediate phenotypes of psychopathology, we examined if the interaction between rs1360780 and child abuse predicts resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) between the amygdala and other areas of the salience network. We analyzed data of young European adults from the general population (N = 774; mean age = 18.76 years) who took part in the IMAGEN study. In the absence of main effects of genotype and abuse, a significant interaction effect was observed for rsFC between the right centromedial amygdala and right posterior insula (p < .025, FWE-corrected), which was driven by stronger rsFC in TT allele carriers with a history of abuse. Our results suggest that the TT genotype of rs1360780 may render individuals with a history of abuse more vulnerable to functional changes in communication between brain areas processing emotions and bodily sensations, which could underlie or increase the risk for psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Wesarg
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Addiction Development and Psychopathology (ADAPT)‐LabUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Research Priority Area (RPA) YieldUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ilya M. Veer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlinand Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
| | - Nicole Y. L. Oei
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Addiction Development and Psychopathology (ADAPT)‐LabUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Research Priority Area (RPA) YieldUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Brain and Cognition (ABC)University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Laura S. Daedelow
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlinand Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
| | - Tristram A. Lett
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlinand Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
- Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
| | - Gareth J. Barker
- Department of NeuroimagingInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Arun L.W. Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of NeuroscienceTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Erin Burke Quinlan
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS)Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS)Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social SciencesUniversity of MannheimMannheimGermany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, CEAUniversité Paris‐SaclayGif‐sur‐YvetteFrance
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Departments of Psychiatry and PsychologyUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermontUSA
| | - Rüdiger Brühl
- Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)Braunschweig and BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Jean‐Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleINSERM U A10 “Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie”; Université Paris‐Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris‐Saclay, CNRS, Centre BorelliGif‐sur‐YvetteFrance
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleINSERM U A10 “Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie”; Université Paris‐Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris‐Saclay, CNRS, Centre BorelliGif‐sur‐YvetteFrance
- Department of Psychiatry 91G16Orsay HospitalGif‐sur‐YvetteFrance
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig HolsteinKiel UniversityKielGermany
| | | | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Centre GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
| | - Juliane H. Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging CenterTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Michael N. Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging CenterTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health InstituteTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlinand Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS)Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College LondonLondonUK
- Leibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburgGermany
- Institute for Science and Technology of Brain‐inspired Intelligence (ISTBI)Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlinand Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlinand Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
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