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Lebenbaum M, de Oliveira C, Gagnon F, Laporte A. Child health and its effect on adult social capital accumulation. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2024; 33:844-869. [PMID: 38236659 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Although studies have demonstrated important effects of poor health in childhood on stocks of human and health capital, little research has tested economic theories to investigate the effect of child health on social capital in adulthood. Studies on the influence of child health on adult social capital are mixed and have not used sibling fixed effects models to account for unmeasured family and genetic characteristics, that are likely to be important. Using the Add-Health sample, health in childhood was assessed as self-rated health, the occurrence of a physical health condition or mental health condition, while social capital in adulthood was measured as volunteering, religious service attendance, team sports participation, number of friends, social isolation, and social support. We used sibling fixed effects models, which attenuated several associations to non-significance. In sibling fixed effects models there was significant positive effects of greater self-rated health on participation in team sports and social support, and negative effect of mental health in childhood on social isolation in adulthood. These results suggest that children with poor health require additional supports to build and maintain their stock of social capital and highlight further potential benefits to efforts that address poor child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lebenbaum
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (IHPME), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Health Economics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Claire de Oliveira
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (IHPME), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Health Economics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics and the Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - France Gagnon
- The Dalla Lana School of Public Health (DLSPH), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Audrey Laporte
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (IHPME), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Health Economics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Lebenbaum M, Gagnon F, de Oliveira C, Laporte A. Genetic endowments for social capital: An investigation accounting for genetic nurturing effects. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2024; 52:101316. [PMID: 38056316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2023.101316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite social capital having been shown to be important for health and well-being, relatively little research has examined genetic determinants. Genetic endowments for education have been shown to influence human, financial, and health capital, but few studies have examined social capital, and those conducted have yet to account for genetic nurturing. We used the Add-Health data to study the effect of genetic endowments on individual social capital using the education polygenic score (PGS). We used sibling fixed effects models and controlled for the family environment to account for genetic nurturing. After accounting for the family environment, we found moderately large significant associations between the education PGS and volunteering, but associations with religious service attendance and number of friends were completely attenuated in sibling fixed effects models. These findings highlight that genetic endowments play an important role in influencing volunteering and the importance of accounting for genetic nurturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lebenbaum
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (IHPME), University of Toronto, 155 College St 4th Floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada; Canadian Centre for Health Economics, 155 College St 4th Floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada.
| | - France Gagnon
- The Dalla Lana School of Public Health (DLSPH), University of Toronto, 155 College St Room 500, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Claire de Oliveira
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (IHPME), University of Toronto, 155 College St 4th Floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada; Canadian Centre for Health Economics, 155 College St 4th Floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada; Centre for Health Economics and the Hull York Medical School, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Audrey Laporte
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (IHPME), University of Toronto, 155 College St 4th Floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada; Canadian Centre for Health Economics, 155 College St 4th Floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada
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3
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Xiao L, Wu Y, Cao X. The health of the elderly and social security in the context of digital financial inclusion in China. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1079436. [PMID: 36699925 PMCID: PMC9868769 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1079436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xiao
- School of Economics and Management, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan, China,*Correspondence: Lei Xiao ✉
| | - Yanyan Wu
- School of Economics and Management, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Pan-Asia Business School, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Lange M, Monscheuer O. Spreading the disease: Protest in times of pandemics. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2022; 31:2664-2679. [PMID: 36127807 PMCID: PMC9538087 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzes the impact of large anti-lockdown protests on the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Germany. Since protesters at such large gatherings are very mobile and largely neglect SARS-CoV-2 containment strategies, they may contribute to the regional transmission of the coronavirus. Employing novel data on bus connections of travel companies specialized in driving protesters to these gatherings, and exploiting the timing of two large-scale demonstrations in November 2020, we estimate the causal impact of these protests on the spread of SARS-CoV-2 using an event study framework. Our findings imply sizable increases in infection rates in protesters' origin regions after these demonstrations. A month after the protests, treated areas face a relative increase in infection rates up to 35% compared to non-treated areas. Our results shed light on public health consequences of behavior that ignores potential externalities for the society during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ole Monscheuer
- Department of EconomicsHumboldt University of BerlinBerlinGermany
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Wang HQ, Liang LQ. How Do Housing Prices Affect Residents' Health? New Evidence From China. Front Public Health 2022; 9:816372. [PMID: 35096759 PMCID: PMC8793009 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.816372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper aims to explore the effect and mechanism of rising housing prices on residents' physical and mental health. Using data from the China Family Panel Studies from 2014 to 2018, we investigate the impact and mechanism of rising housing prices on the mental and physical health of urban residents through multiple grouping regression and analysis of variance. The study finds that overall, rising housing prices have a positive effect on residents' mental health but a negative effect on physical health, and those who do not own a house show the greatest adverse effect. The impact of rising housing prices on health is mainly reflected in three aspects: the wealth effect, cost effect, and comprehensive environmental expectation effect. Of these, the wealth effect and comprehensive environmental expectation effect play a role in promoting residents' health, whereas the cost effect has a strong inhibitory effect. This paper also analyzes how house prices impact health and finds that having health insurance reduces residents' active health behavior, thus affecting their physical and mental health levels, which has a positive effect on uninsured residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Qin Wang
- College of Economics and Management, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
| | - Li-Qiu Liang
- College of Economics and Management, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
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Antinyan A, Bassetti T, Corazzini L, Pavesi F. Trust in the Health System and COVID-19 Treatment. Front Psychol 2021; 12:643758. [PMID: 34305713 PMCID: PMC8302362 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 continues to spread across the globe at an exponential speed, infecting millions and overwhelming even the most prepared healthcare systems. Concerns are looming that the healthcare systems in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are mostly unprepared to combat the virus because of limited resources. The problems in LMICs are exacerbated by the fact that citizens in these countries generally exhibit low trust in the healthcare system because of its low quality, which could trigger a number of uncooperative behaviors. In this paper, we focus on one such behavior and investigate the relationship between trust in the healthcare system and the probability of potential treatment-seeking behavior upon the appearance of the first symptoms of COVID-19. First, we provide motivating evidence from a unique national online survey administered in Armenia-a post-Soviet LMIC country. We then present results from a large-scale survey experiment in Armenia that provides causal evidence supporting the investigated relationship. Our main finding is that a more trustworthy healthcare system enhances the probability of potential treatment-seeking behavior when observing the initial symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armenak Antinyan
- Wenlan School of Business, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
- Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Bassetti
- Department of Economics and Management “Marco Fanno”, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Corazzini
- Department of Economics and VERA (Venice Centre in Economic and Risk Analytics for Public Policies), University of Venice “Ca’ Foscari”, Venezia, Italy
| | - Filippo Pavesi
- School of Economics and Management, University “Carlo Cattaneo” - LIUC, Castellanza, Italy
- Stevens Institute of Technology, School of Business, Hoboken, NJ, United States
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The Effect of Social Capital on Environmental Pollution in China-Suppression or Promotion? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249459. [PMID: 33348783 PMCID: PMC7766933 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly regards the prevention and control of environmental pollution as one of the “three key battles” to build a well-off society. This paper analyzes the relationship between social capital and environmental pollution from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. From the theoretical perspective, social capital has two opposite effects on environmental pollution: the suppression and the promotion. The former indicates that the improvement of social capital level reduces the cost of residents’ boycott to pollution and reduces pollution emissions, while the latter manifests that the improvement of social capital worsens environmental pollution due to the ability of polluting enterprises to withstand residents’ boycott. Based on the panel data of China from 2008 to 2016, the empirical results show that social capital has inverted U-shaped characteristics on environmental pollution. Low level of social capital will increase pollution emissions and only when social capital reaches a certain level can it be beneficial to environmental protection. This paper attempts to better understand the functions of social capital in environmental governance and provides constructive proposals on how to exert the governance role of social capital on environmental protection for policy makers. Regions with higher levels of social capital should exert the suppression effect of social capital and regions with low levels should focus on improving the level of social capital, while formal regulation means shall be adopted to control pollution.
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Early investments in state capacity promote persistently higher levels of social capital. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:10755-10761. [PMID: 32366644 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1919972117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Social capital has been shown to positively influence a multitude of economic, political, and social outcomes. Yet the factors that affect long-run social capital formation remain poorly understood. Recent evidence suggests that early state formation, especially investments in state capacity, are positively associated with higher levels of contemporary social capital and other prosocial attitudes. The channels by which early state capacity leads to greater social capital over time are even less understood. We contribute to both questions using the spatial and temporal expansion of the US postal network during the 19th century. We first show that county-level variation in post office density is highly correlated with a bevy of historical and contemporary indicators of social capital (e.g., associational memberships, civic participation, health, and crime). This finding holds even when controlling for historical measures of development and contemporary measures of income, inequality, poverty, education, and race. Second, we provide evidence of an informational mechanism by which this early investment in infrastructural capacity affected long-run social capital formation. Namely, we demonstrate that the expansion of the postal network in the 19th century strongly predicts the historical and contemporary location of local newspapers, which were the primary mode of impersonal information transmission during this period. Our evidence sheds light on the role of the state in both the origins of social capital and the channels by which it persists. Our findings also suggest that the consequences of the ongoing decline in local newspapers will negatively affect social capital.
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Asma P, Javad ABM, Behzad M, Reza RM. The Role of Social Capital on the Health Promotion Behaviors in Women Teachers at Bam Girls' Schools. J Med Life 2019; 12:442-448. [PMID: 32025264 PMCID: PMC6993304 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2019-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A healthy lifestyle prevents more than half of diseases and disorders in humans. Social capital is a decisive factor in lifestyle modification. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of social capital on health promotion behaviors in a group of teachers from Bam, Kerman, Iran. The present study was a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study. The participants were 245 secondary school teachers that were studied using census data. The integration of two standard questionnaires in the field of health promotion behaviors and social capital were the research instruments. Data analysis was done using the SPSS v23 software. The average age of the participants was 39.4 years. Also, none of the demographic variables had a significant effect on health promotion behaviors. The highest and lowest score of practices were related to religion believes with an average of 14.47 and physical activities with an average of 10.64. Finally, the average of health promotion behaviors and social capital in women teachers were evaluated at the desirable level. Considering the role of teachers in educating and providing knowledge to future generations, it can positively affect the health of the whole society through effective interventions on this group. This requires paying more attention to the empowerment and promote the individual and groups of teachers. Therefore, one of the natural and inexpensive ways to improve society's health is to promote health components in teachers and their self-sufficiency in the field of health.
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King J, Hine CA, Washburn T, Montgomery H, Chaney RA. Intra-urban patterns of neighborhood-level social capital: a pilot study. Health Promot Perspect 2019; 9:150-155. [PMID: 31249803 PMCID: PMC6588805 DOI: 10.15171/hpp.2019.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Social capital is a construct of interaction and social trust in one’s fellow community members. These interactions can provide a safety net for individuals in terms of information, social support, and adherence to social norms. While a number of studies have previously examined the relationship between social capital and health outcomes, few have examined the theparallel relationship of social capital and geographic "place" with respect to health outcomes. Methods: Considering social capital as facilitated by specific structures, we evaluate the relationship between neighborhood-level social capital and disability rates in a major Southern US city. Disability rates were collected through neighborhood-level data via the AmericanCommunity Survey (ACS) and compared to a geocoded map of neighborhood-level social capital measures during spring, 2016. Results: Higher social capital within a neighborhood coincided with lower disability rates in that neighborhood (r=-0.14, P=0.016) when compared to random assortment models. Conclusion: Findings from this research add evidence to the value of the built environment, not only providing resources and shaping choices, but for facilitating important social relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaron King
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA
| | - Cassidy A Hine
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA
| | - Tessa Washburn
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA
| | - Hunter Montgomery
- College of Fine Arts and Communications, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA
| | - Robert A Chaney
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA
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11
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Rayamajhee V, Bohara AK. Do voluntary associations reduce hunger? An empirical exploration of the social capital- food security nexus among food impoverished households in western Nepal. Food Secur 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-019-00907-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Liu J, Rozelle S, Xu Q, Yu N, Zhou T. Social Engagement and Elderly Health in China: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16020278. [PMID: 30669415 PMCID: PMC6352065 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the impact of social engagement on elderly health in China. A two-stage residual inclusion (2SRI) regression approach was used to examine the causal relationship. Our dataset comprises 9253 people aged 60 or above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) conducted in 2011 and 2013. Social engagement significantly improved the self-rated health of the elderly and reduced mental distress, but had no effect on chronic disease status. Compared with the rural areas, social engagement played a more important role in promoting the elderly health status in urban areas. Social engagement could affect the health status of the elderly through health behavior change and access to health resources. To improve the health of the elderly in China and promote healthy aging, the government should not only improve access to effective medical care but also encourage greater social engagement of the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- Institute of Finance and Economics, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, NO.777, Guoding Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China.
- Research Institute for Agriculture, Farmer and Rural Society in China, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, NO.777, Guoding Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Scott Rozelle
- Rural Education Action Program, Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Qing Xu
- Institute of Finance and Economics, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, NO.777, Guoding Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China.
- Research Institute for Agriculture, Farmer and Rural Society in China, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, NO.777, Guoding Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Ning Yu
- Rural Education Action Program, Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Tianshu Zhou
- Institute of Finance and Economics, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, NO.777, Guoding Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China.
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13
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Lau SYZ, Guerra RO, Barbosa JFDS, Phillips SP. Impact of resilience on health in older adults: a cross-sectional analysis from the International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS). BMJ Open 2018; 8:e023779. [PMID: 30498045 PMCID: PMC6278794 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Self-rated health (SRH) is a predictor of objective health measures, including mortality and morbidity. The link between resilience and SRH among the elderly is unclear. We aim to examine whether resilience aligns with SRH and, secondarily, whether resilience can override the negative health consequences of adverse childhood experiences (ACE). DESIGN AND SETTING We use 2012, 2014 and 2016 data from the International Mobility in Aging Study, a longitudinal cohort study that collects survey and biophysical data from Albania, Brazil, Colombia and Canada. The main independent variables were resilience and ACE (social and economic). PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling 65-74 year olds (in 2012) were recruited through primary care registers. The sample size of the study was 1506. PRIMARY OUTCOME The outcome measure was SRH. RESULTS We found that sex, site, economic ACE, current income sufficiency, current depressive symptoms, current physical function and current resilience were associated with current SRH. In regression analyses, we showed that the association between ACE and SRH disappeared once factors such as sex, site, income, depression, physical health and resilience were considered. CONCLUSIONS The association between resilience and health poses a compelling argument for building resilience throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu Yu Zoe Lau
- School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Susan P Phillips
- Centre for Studies in Primary Care, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Palafox B, Goryakin Y, Stuckler D, Suhrcke M, Balabanova D, Alhabib KF, Avezum A, Bahonar A, Bai X, Chifamba J, Dans AL, Diaz R, Gupta R, Iqbal R, Ismail N, Kaur M, Keskinler MV, Khatib R, Kruger A, Kruger IM, Lanas F, Lear SA, Li W, Liu J, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Peer N, Poirier P, Rahman O, Pillai RK, Rangarajan S, Rosengren A, Swaminathan S, Szuba A, Teo K, Wang Y, Wielgosz A, Yeates KE, Yusufali A, Yusuf S, McKee M. Does greater individual social capital improve the management of hypertension? Cross-national analysis of 61 229 individuals in 21 countries. BMJ Glob Health 2018; 2:e000443. [PMID: 29333284 PMCID: PMC5759715 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Social capital, characterised by trust, reciprocity and cooperation, is positively associated with a number of health outcomes. We test the hypothesis that among hypertensive individuals, those with greater social capital are more likely to have their hypertension detected, treated and controlled. Methods Cross-sectional data from 21 countries in the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology study were collected covering 61 229 hypertensive individuals aged 35–70 years, their households and the 656 communities in which they live. Outcomes include whether hypertensive participants have their condition detected, treated and/or controlled. Multivariate statistical models adjusting for community fixed effects were used to assess the associations of three social capital measures: (1) membership of any social organisation, (2) trust in other people and (3) trust in organisations, stratified into high-income and low-income country samples. Results In low-income countries, membership of any social organisation was associated with a 3% greater likelihood of having one’s hypertension detected and controlled, while greater trust in organisations significantly increased the likelihood of detection by 4%. These associations were not observed among participants in high-income countries. Conclusion Although the observed associations are modest, some aspects of social capital are associated with better management of hypertension in low-income countries where health systems are often weak. Given that hypertension affects millions in these countries, even modest gains at all points along the treatment pathway could improve management for many, and translate into the prevention of thousands of cardiovascular events each year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Palafox
- The Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Yevgeniy Goryakin
- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, France
| | - David Stuckler
- Department of Policy Analysis and Public Management and Dondena Research Centre, University of Bocconi, Milan, Italy
| | - Marc Suhrcke
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
| | - Dina Balabanova
- The Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Khalid F Alhabib
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, King Fahad Cardiac Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alvaro Avezum
- Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ahmad Bahonar
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Xiulin Bai
- National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jephat Chifamba
- College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Antonio L Dans
- UP College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Rafael Diaz
- Estudios Clinicos Latino America, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Rajeev Gupta
- Eternal Heart Care Centre and Research Institute, Jaipur, India
| | - Romaina Iqbal
- Departments of Community Health Sciences and Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Noorhassim Ismail
- Department of Community Health, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Manmeet Kaur
- School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mirac V Keskinler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rasha Khatib
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Annamarie Kruger
- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Iolanthe M Kruger
- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | | | - Scott A Lear
- Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wei Li
- National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Nasheeta Peer
- South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa
| | - Paul Poirier
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Sumathy Rangarajan
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Annika Rosengren
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Andrzej Szuba
- Division of Angiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Koon Teo
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yang Wang
- National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Karen E Yeates
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Afzalhussein Yusufali
- Hatta Hospital, Dubai Health Authority/Dubai Medical University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin McKee
- The Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Seid AK. Social interactions, trust and risky alcohol consumption. HEALTH ECONOMICS REVIEW 2016; 6:3. [PMID: 26753688 PMCID: PMC4709337 DOI: 10.1186/s13561-016-0081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of social capital and alcohol consumption is one of the most robust empirical findings in health economics of the past decade. However, the direction of the relationship between the two is heavily dependent on which dimension of social capital is studied and which alcohol measure is used. In this paper, we examine the effect of social interactions and generalised trust on drinking in the general Danish population survey. METHODS Participants (n = 2569) were recruited as part of a larger study. The double-hurdle model for the volume of alcohol consumption and the multivariate logistic model for heavy episodic drinking were estimated. RESULTS We found evidence that social networking with male friends, membership in voluntary organisations, and generalised trust were significantly associated with the mean volume of alcohol consumption and heavy drinking. We also observed that social support at the community level had a buffering effect against heavy episodic drinking. CONCLUSIONS The findings support previous findings in which social interactions and generalised trust were found to predict individuals' volume of drinking and heavy episodic drinking. However, the results varied across the indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdu Kedir Seid
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Aarhus University, Artillerivej 90, 2. 2300, København S, Denmark.
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16
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Shaw SA, El-Bassel N, Gilbert L, Terlikbayeva A, Hunt T, Primbetova S, Rozental Y, Chang M. Depression Among People Who Inject Drugs and Their Intimate Partners in Kazakhstan. Community Ment Health J 2016; 52:1047-1056. [PMID: 25963238 PMCID: PMC4643466 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-015-9883-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper examines individual, social, and structural factors associated with depression among 728 people who inject drugs (PWID) and their intimate partners in Kazakhstan, with separate multivariate models by gender. Depression scores were higher on average among participants of both genders who recently experienced sexual intimate partner violence, food insecurity, and who had lower levels of self-rated health. Among females, higher depression scores were associated with experiencing childhood sexual abuse, lower levels of social support, and not having children. Findings highlight a need to incorporate gender differences and factors associated with depression in designing mental health services for PWID in Kazakhstan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey A Shaw
- Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Columbia University School of Social Work, 1255 Amsterdam Ave, 809, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
| | - Nabila El-Bassel
- Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Columbia University School of Social Work, 1255 Amsterdam Ave, 809, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Louisa Gilbert
- Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Columbia University School of Social Work, 1255 Amsterdam Ave, 809, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Assel Terlikbayeva
- Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Tim Hunt
- Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Columbia University School of Social Work, 1255 Amsterdam Ave, 809, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Sholpan Primbetova
- Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Yelena Rozental
- Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Mingway Chang
- Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Columbia University School of Social Work, 1255 Amsterdam Ave, 809, New York, NY, 10027, USA
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17
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Węziak-Białowolska D, Białowolski P. Cultural events - does attendance improve health? Evidence from a Polish longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:730. [PMID: 27495252 PMCID: PMC4974712 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although there is strong advocacy for uptake of both the arts and creative activities as determinants of individual health conditions, studies evaluating causal influence of attendance at cultural events on population health using individual population data on health are scarce. If available, results are often only of an associative nature. In this light, this study investigated causative impact of attendance at cultural events on self-reported and physical health in the Polish population. Methods Four recent waves (2009, 2011, 2013 and 2015) of the biennial longitudinal Polish household panel study, Social Diagnosis, were analysed. The data, representative for the Polish population aged over 16, with respect to age, gender, classes of place of residence and NUTS 2 regions, were collected from self-report questionnaires. Causative influence of cultural attendance on population health was established using longitudinal population representative data. To account for unobserved heterogeneity of individuals and to mitigate issues caused by omitted variables, a panel data model with a fixed effects estimator was applied. The endogeneity problem (those who enjoy good health are more likely to participate in cultural activities more frequently) was circumvented by application of instrumental variables. Results Results confirmed positive association between cultural attendance and self-reported health. However, in contrast to the often suggested positive causative relationship, such a link was not confirmed by the study. Additionally, no evidence was found to corroborate a positive impact from cultural attendance on physical health. Both findings were substantiated by augmentation in the longitudinal perspective and causal link. Conclusions We showed the relation between attendance at cultural events and self-reported health could only be confirmed as associational. Therefore, this study provided little justification to encourage use of passive cultural participation as a measure of health promotion (improvement). Our study did not confirm any identifiable benefit to physical health from passive participation in culture. Future research should investigate the causative influence of active participation in creative activities on health outcomes as, in contrast to passive attendance, it may be influential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Węziak-Białowolska
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Directorate I. Competences, Modelling, Indicators and Impact Evaluation Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027, Ispra (VA), Italy.
| | - Piotr Białowolski
- Department of Economics, Social Studies, Applied Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turin, corso Unione Sovietica 218bis, 10134, Torino, Italy
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18
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Murphy A, Roberts B, McGowan C, Kizilova K, Kizilov A, Rhodes T, McKee M. One for all: workplace social context and drinking among railway workers in Ukraine. Glob Public Health 2014; 10:391-409. [PMID: 25428193 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2014.979856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in countries of the former Soviet Union, but little is known about its social determinants. Recent research has suggested that workplace contexts may play a role. Using qualitative methods, we investigate the relationship between workplace social contexts and drinking in Ukraine. We conducted 24 individual semi-structured interviews and two focus group discussions in Lviv and Kharkiv, Ukraine, with male railway employees aged 18+ years. Data were analysed using a thematic analysis approach. Men in our sample expressed strong feelings of interdependence and trust towards their co-workers which we defined as 'social solidarity'. Drinking with co-workers was often seen as obligatory and an integral part of co-worker social occasions. Engagement in sport or family obligations seemed to act as a deterrent to drinking among some workers. A strong sense of solidarity exists between railway co-workers in Ukraine, perhaps a remnant of the Soviet era when individuals relied on informal networks for support. Alcohol may be used as a means of expressing this solidarity. Our findings point to factors, namely engagement in sports and family, which may offer opportunities for interventions to reduce alcohol consumption among workers in Ukraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Murphy
- a Faculty of Public Health and Policy , London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine , London , UK
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19
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Vyncke V, Hardyns W, Peersman W, Pauwels L, Groenewegen P, Willems S. How equal is the relationship between individual social capital and psychological distress? A gendered analysis using cross-sectional data from Ghent (Belgium). BMC Public Health 2014; 14:960. [PMID: 25228201 PMCID: PMC4177588 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social capital has been related to various aspects of health. While literature suggests that men and women differently access and mobilize social capital, gender has received little attention within social capital research. This study examines whether the association between individual social capital and psychological distress is different for men and women. METHODS We made use of data from a representative sample of 1025 adults within 50 neighbourhoods of Ghent (Belgium), collected in the context of the cross-sectional Social capital and Well-being In Neighbourhoods in Ghent (SWING) Survey 2011. Six components of social capital were discerned: generalized trust, social support, social influence, social engagement and attachment, the volume of social capital and the mean occupational prestige in one's network. Multilevel linear regression models were fitted to explore interactions between gender and these components of social capital. RESULTS In accordance with previous research, men report lower levels of psychological distress than women (t = 4.40, p < 0.001). Regarding the gender gap in social capital, the findings are mixed. Only for half of the social capital variables (social support, social influence and volume of social capital), a significant gender difference is found, favouring men (t = 4.03, p < 0.001; t = 1.99, p < 0.001 and t = 4.50, p < 0.001 respectively). None of the analysed interaction terms between gender and social capital is significantly related to psychological distress. CONCLUSION The analyses indicate that the association between individual social capital and psychological distress is similar for men and women. The relatively low level of gender stratification in Belgium might have influenced this finding. Furthermore, it is possible that social capital is not of greater importance for women in general, but mainly for women who are in an especially vulnerable social situation that deprives their access to alternative resources (e.g. unemployed women, single mothers). Future studies should seek to identify subgroups for whom social capital might be particularly influential, by transcending 'simple' dyads such as 'men versus women'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerle Vyncke
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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20
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Is hunting still healthy? Understanding the interrelationships between indigenous participation in land-based practices and human-environmental health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:5751-82. [PMID: 24879487 PMCID: PMC4078546 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110605751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Indigenous participation in land-based practices such as hunting, fishing, ceremony, and land care has a long history. In recent years, researchers and policy makers have advocated the benefits of these practices for both Indigenous people and the places they live. However, there have also been documented risks associated with participation in these activities. Environmental change brought about by shifts in land use, climate changes, and the accumulation of contaminants in the food chain sit alongside equally rapid shifts in social, economic and cultural circumstances, preferences and practices. To date, the literature has not offered a wide-ranging review of the available cross-disciplinary or cross-ecozone evidence for these intersecting benefits and risks, for both human and environmental health and wellbeing. By utilising hunting as a case study, this paper seeks to fill part of that gap through a transdisciplinary meta-analysis of the international literature exploring the ways in which Indigenous participation in land-based practices and human-environmental health have been studied, where the current gaps are, and how these findings could be used to inform research and policy. The result is an intriguing summary of disparate research that highlights the patchwork of contradictory understandings, and uneven regional emphasis, that have been documented. A new model was subsequently developed that facilitates a more in-depth consideration of these complex issues within local-global scale considerations. These findings challenge the bounded disciplinary and geographic spaces in which much of this work has occurred to date, and opens a dialogue to consider the importance of approaching these issues holistically.
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21
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Cheng JJ, Berry P. Health co-benefits and risks of public health adaptation strategies to climate change: a review of current literature. Int J Public Health 2012; 58:305-11. [PMID: 23111371 PMCID: PMC3607711 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-012-0422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 09/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Many public health adaptation strategies have been identified in response to climate change. This report reviews current literature on health co-benefits and risks of these strategies to gain a better understanding of how they may affect health. Methods A literature review was conducted electronically using English language literature from January 2000 to March 2012. Of 812 articles identified, 22 peer-reviewed articles that directly addressed health co-benefits or risks of adaptation were included in the review. Results The co-benefits and risks identified in the literature most commonly relate to improvements in health associated with adaptation actions that affect social capital and urban design. Health co-benefits of improvements in social capital have positive influences on mental health, independently of other determinants. Risks included reinforcing existing misconceptions regarding health. Health co-benefits of urban design strategies included reduced obesity, cardiovascular disease and improved mental health through increased physical activity, cooling spaces (e.g., shaded areas), and social connectivity. Risks included pollen allergies with increased urban green space, and adverse health effects from heat events through the use of air conditioning. Conclusions Due to the current limited understanding of the full impacts of the wide range of existing climate change adaptation strategies, further research should focus on both unintended positive and negative consequences of public health adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- June J Cheng
- Public Health and Preventive Medicine Program, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC2C2, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada.
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Roberts B, Abbott P, McKee M. Changes in the levels of psychological distress in eight countries of the former Soviet Union. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC MENTAL HEALTH 2012. [DOI: 10.1108/17465721211261932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ferlander S, Mäkinen IH. Social capital, gender and self-rated health. Evidence from the Moscow Health Survey 2004. Soc Sci Med 2009; 69:1323-32. [PMID: 19748170 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The state of public health in Russia is undoubtedly poor compared with other European countries. The health crisis that has characterised the transition period has been attributed to a number of factors, with an increasing interest being focused on the impact of social capital - or the lack of it. However, there have been relatively few studies of the relation between social capital and health in Russia, and especially in Moscow. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between social capital and self-rated health in Greater Moscow. The study draws on data from the Moscow Health Survey 2004, where 1190 Muscovites were interviewed. Our results indicate that among women, there is no relationship between any form of social capital and self-rated health. However, an association was detected between social capital outside the family and men's self-rated health. Men who rarely or never visit friends and acquaintances are significantly more likely to report less than good health than those who visit more often. Likewise, men who are not members of any voluntary associations have significantly higher odds of reporting poorer health than those who are, while social capital in the family does not seem to be of importance at all. We suggest that these findings might be due to the different gender roles in Russia, and the different socializing patterns and values embedded in them. In addition, different forms of social capital provide access to different forms of resources, influence, and support. They also imply different obligations. These differences are highly relevant for health outcomes, both in Moscow and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ferlander
- Stockholm Centre on Health of Societies in Transition, Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden.
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