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Valcarce DG, Sellés-Egea A, Riesco MF, De Garnica MG, Martínez-Fernández B, Herráez MP, Robles V. Early stress exposure on zebrafish development: effects on survival, malformations and molecular alterations. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:1545-1562. [PMID: 38743196 PMCID: PMC11286684 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01355-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The effects of stress during early vertebrate development can be especially harmful. Avoiding stressors in fish larvae is essential to ensure the health of adult fish and their reproductive performance and overall production. We examined the consequences of direct exposure to successive acute stressors during early development, including their effects on miR-29a and its targets, survival, hatching and malformation rates, larval behaviour and cartilage and eye development. Our aim was to shed light on the pleiotropic effects of early-induced stress in this vertebrate model species. Our results showed that direct exposure to successive acute stressors during early development significantly upregulated miR-29a and downregulated essential collagen transcripts col2a1a, col6a2 and col11a1a, decreased survival and increased malformation rates (swim bladder, otoliths, cardiac oedema and ocular malformations), promoting higher rates of immobility in larvae. Our results revealed that stress in early stages can induce different eye tissular architecture and cranioencephalic cartilage development alterations. Our research contributes to the understanding of the impact of stressful conditions during the early stages of zebrafish development, serving as a valuable model for vertebrate research. This holds paramount significance in the fields of developmental biology and aquaculture and also highlights miR-29a as a potential molecular marker for assessing novel larval rearing programmes in teleost species.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Valcarce
- Cell Biology Area, Molecular Biology Department, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Alba Sellés-Egea
- Cell Biology Area, Molecular Biology Department, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Marta F Riesco
- Cell Biology Area, Molecular Biology Department, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071, León, Spain
| | | | | | - María Paz Herráez
- Cell Biology Area, Molecular Biology Department, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Vanesa Robles
- Cell Biology Area, Molecular Biology Department, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071, León, Spain.
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2
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Miller BM, Goessling W. Distribution and developmental timing of zebrafish liver innervation. Biol Lett 2024; 20:20240288. [PMID: 39163983 PMCID: PMC11335395 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatic innervation regulates multiple aspects of liver function, repair and regeneration, and liver denervation is associated with higher rates of metabolic disorders in humans. However, the mechanisms regulating the development of the hepatic nervous system, as well as the role of the hepatic nervous system in liver development and maturation, are still largely unknown. Zebrafish are a widely used model of liver development and regeneration, but hepatic innervation in zebrafish has not yet been described in detail. Here, we examine the extent and developmental timing of hepatic innervation in zebrafish. We demonstrate that innervation is restricted to large bile ducts and blood vessels in both juvenile and adult zebrafish livers, as we find no evidence for direct innervation of hepatocytes. Innervation contacting the periphery of the liver is visible as early as 72 h post-fertilization, while intrahepatic innervation is not established until 21 days post-fertilization. Therefore, zebrafish hepatic innervation resembles that of previously examined fish species, making them an excellent model to investigate both the role of the hepatic nervous system during liver maturation and the mechanisms governing the elaboration of the intrahepatic nerve network between fish and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bess M. Miller
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115, USA
| | - Wolfram Goessling
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA02142, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA02138, USA
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, MA02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA02114, USA
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3
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Hoffman PM, Mruk K. Effect of Voltage-Gated K + Channel Inhibition by 4-aminopyridine in Spinal Cord Injury Recovery in Zebrafish. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.15.603582. [PMID: 39071260 PMCID: PMC11275812 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.15.603582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) affects between 250,000 to 500,000 individuals annually. After the initial injury, a delayed secondary cascade of cellular responses occurs causing progressive degeneration and permanent disability. One part of this secondary process is disturbance of ionic homeostasis. The K + channel blocker, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), is used clinically to alleviate symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Several ongoing studies are being conducted to explore additional areas where 4-AP may have an effect, including stroke, traumatic brain injury, and nervous system recovery after SCI. The goal of our study was to determine whether 4-AP affects recovery from SCI in zebrafish ( Danio rerio ). Using the transgenic line Tg(gfap:EGFP) , we created a spinal transection and tracked swim recovery. We found that constant treatment with 10 µM 4-AP increases swimming distance 40%. Live imaging demonstrated that treatment with 4-AP increases radial glial cells bridging at the site of injury in the presence of 4-AP. We conclude that 10 µM 4-AP is pro-regenerative after SCI. Significance Statement In this study, we found that 4-AP can enhance locomotor recovery in zebrafish after spinal cord injury. Our findings indicate that inhibition of K + channels with 4-AP may promote glial remodeling that is pro-regenerative.
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Yin JH, Horzmann KA. Embryonic Zebrafish as a Model for Investigating the Interaction between Environmental Pollutants and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1559. [PMID: 39062132 PMCID: PMC11275083 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollutants have been linked to neurotoxicity and are proposed to contribute to neurodegenerative disorders. The zebrafish model provides a high-throughput platform for large-scale chemical screening and toxicity assessment and is widely accepted as an important animal model for the investigation of neurodegenerative disorders. Although recent studies explore the roles of environmental pollutants in neurodegenerative disorders in zebrafish models, current knowledge of the mechanisms of environmentally induced neurodegenerative disorders is relatively complex and overlapping. This review primarily discusses utilizing embryonic zebrafish as the model to investigate environmental pollutants-related neurodegenerative disease. We also review current applicable approaches and important biomarkers to unravel the underlying mechanism of environmentally related neurodegenerative disorders. We found embryonic zebrafish to be a powerful tool that provides a platform for evaluating neurotoxicity triggered by environmentally relevant concentrations of neurotoxic compounds. Additionally, using variable approaches to assess neurotoxicity in the embryonic zebrafish allows researchers to have insights into the complex interaction between environmental pollutants and neurodegenerative disorders and, ultimately, an understanding of the underlying mechanisms related to environmental toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katharine A. Horzmann
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA;
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Rasheed PA, Rasool K, Younes N, Nasrallah GK, Mahmoud KA. Ecotoxicity and environmental safety assessment of two-dimensional niobium carbides (MXenes). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174563. [PMID: 38981534 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) MXenes have gained great interest in water treatment, biomedical, and environmental applications. The antimicrobial activity and cell toxicity of several MXenes including Nb4C3Tx and Nb2CTx have already been explored. However, potential side effects related to Nb-MXene toxicity, especially on aquatic pneuma, have rarely been studied. Using zebrafish embryos, we investigated and compared the potential acute toxicity between two forms of Nb-MXene: the multilayer (ML-Nb4C3Tx, ML-Nb2CTx) and the delaminated (DL-Nb2CTx, and DL-Nb4C3Tx) Nb-MXene. The LC50 of ML-Nb4C3Tx, ML-Nb2CTx, DL-Nb2CTx, and DL-Nb4C3Tx were estimated to be 220, 215, 225, and 128 mg/L, respectively. Although DL-Nb2CTx, and DL-Nb4C3Tx derivatives have similar sizes, DL-Nb4C3Tx not only shows the higher mortality (LC50 = 128 mg/L Vs 225 mg/L), but also the highest teratogenic effect (NOEC = 100 mg/L Vs 200 mg/L). LDH release assay suggested more cell membrane damage and a higher superoxide anion production in DL-Nb4C3Tx than DL-Nb2CTx,. Interestingly, both DL-Nb-MXene nanosheets showed insignificant cardiac, hepatic, or behavioral toxic effects compared to the negative control. Embryos treated with the NOEC of DL-Nb2CTx presented hyperlocomotion, while embryos treated with the NOEC of DL-Nb4C3Tx presented hyperlocomotion, suggesting developmental neurotoxic effect and muscle impairment induced by both DL-Nb-MXene. According to the Fish and Wildlife Service (FSW) Acute Toxicity Rating Scale, all tested Nb-MXene nanosheets were classified as "Practically not toxic". However, DL-Nb4C3Tx should be treated with caution as it might cause a neurotoxic effect on fauna when it ends up in wastewater in high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Abdul Rasheed
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, P. O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad, Kerala 678 623, India
| | - Kashif Rasool
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, P. O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nadine Younes
- Biomedical Research Center, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gheyath K Nasrallah
- Biomedical Research Center, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Khaled A Mahmoud
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, P. O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar; Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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Park H, Hong T, An G, Park J, Song G, Lim W. Bifenox induces hepatotoxicity and vascular toxicity in zebrafish embryos via ROS production and alterations in signaling pathways. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 281:109918. [PMID: 38583696 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Existing evidence shows that currently used pesticides pose toxicological risks to exposed wildlife. Chemically, bifenox belongs to diphenyl ethers, a well-known group of herbicides. Its mechanism of action primarily involves inducing lipid peroxidation and blocking protoporphyrinogen oxidases. Toxicity of diphenyl ether herbicides has been elucidated in animal cells; however, in vivo toxicological evaluations of bifenox are required to determine its unexpected effects. This study aimed to determine the negative effects of bifenox, and its effects on higher eukaryotes. We found that early stages of zebrafish embryo exposed to bifenox demonstrated increased mortality and physiological defects, based on the LC50 value. Bifenox severely inhibited blood vessel growth by reducing key elements of complex connectivity; fluorescently tagged transgenic lines (fli1a:EGFP) showed morphological changes. Additionally, transgenic lines that selectively identified hepatocytes (fabp10a:DsRed) showed reduced fluorescence, indicating that bifenox may inhibit liver development. To evaluate the level of oxidative stress, we used 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) probes in zebrafish embryos to identify the underlying mechanisms causing developmental damage. Our findings demonstrate that exposure to bifenox causes abnormalities in the hepatic and cardiovascular systems during zebrafish embryogenesis. Therefore, this study provides new information for the evaluation of toxicological risks of bifenox in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hahyun Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyeon Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam An
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Torres-Ruiz M, de Alba Gonzalez M, Cañas Portilla AI, Coronel R, Liste I, González-Caballero MC. Effects of nanomolar methylmercury on developing human neural stem cells and zebrafish Embryo. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 188:114684. [PMID: 38663761 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to mercury and its organic form methylmercury (MeHg), is of great concern for the developing nervous system. Despite available literature on MeHg neurotoxicity, there is still uncertainty about its mechanisms of action and the doses that trigger developmental effects. Our study combines two alternative methodologies, the human neural stem cells (NSC) and the zebrafish (ZF) embryo, to address the neurotoxic effects of early exposure to nanomolar concentrations of MeHg. Our results show linear or nonmonotonic (hormetic) responses depending on studied parameters. In ZF, we observed a hormetic response in locomotion and larval rotation, but a concentration-dependent response for sensory organ size and habituation. We also observed a possible delayed response as MeHg had greater effects on larval activity at 5 days than at 24 h. In NSC cells, some parameters show a clear dose dependence, such as increased apoptosis and differentiation to glial cells or decreased neuronal precursors; while others show a hormetic response: neuronal differentiation or cell proliferation. This study shows that the ZF model was more susceptible than NSC to MeHg neurotoxicity. The combination of different models has improved the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of toxicity and possible compensatory mechanisms at the cellular and organismal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Torres-Ruiz
- Environmental Toxicology Unit, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km. 2,2., Majadahonda, Madrid, 28220, Spain.
| | - Mercedes de Alba Gonzalez
- Environmental Toxicology Unit, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km. 2,2., Majadahonda, Madrid, 28220, Spain
| | - Ana I Cañas Portilla
- Environmental Toxicology Unit, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km. 2,2., Majadahonda, Madrid, 28220, Spain
| | - Raquel Coronel
- Unidad Funcional de Investigación de Enfermedades Crónicas (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Liste
- Unidad Funcional de Investigación de Enfermedades Crónicas (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mª Carmen González-Caballero
- Environmental Toxicology Unit, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km. 2,2., Majadahonda, Madrid, 28220, Spain.
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8
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Inoue M, Sebastian WA, Sonoda S, Miyahara H, Shimizu N, Shiraishi H, Maeda M, Yanagi K, Kaname T, Hanada R, Hanada T, Ihara K. Biallelic variants in LARS1 induce steatosis in developing zebrafish liver via enhanced autophagy. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:219. [PMID: 38807157 PMCID: PMC11134648 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03226-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biallelic pathogenic variants of LARS1 cause infantile liver failure syndrome type 1 (ILFS1), which is characterized by acute hepatic failure with steatosis in infants. LARS functions as a protein associated with mTORC1 and plays a crucial role in amino acid-triggered mTORC1 activation and regulation of autophagy. A previous study demonstrated that larsb-knockout zebrafish exhibit conditions resembling ILFS. However, a comprehensive analysis of larsb-knockout zebrafish has not yet been performed because of early mortality. METHODS We generated a long-term viable zebrafish model carrying a LARS1 variant identified in an ILFS1 patient (larsb-I451F zebrafish) and analyzed the pathogenesis of the affected liver of ILFS1. RESULTS Hepatic dysfunction is most prominent in ILFS1 patients during infancy; correspondingly, the larsb-I451F zebrafish manifested hepatic anomalies during developmental stages. The larsb-I451F zebrafish demonstrates augmented lipid accumulation within the liver during autophagy activation. Inhibition of DGAT1, which converts fatty acids to triacylglycerols, improved lipid droplets in the liver of larsb-I451F zebrafish. Notably, treatment with an autophagy inhibitor ameliorated hepatic lipid accumulation in this model. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that enhanced autophagy caused by biallelic LARS1 variants contributes to ILFS1-associated hepatic dysfunction. Furthermore, the larsb-I451F zebrafish model, which has a prolonged survival rate compared with the larsb-knockout model, highlights its potential utility as a tool for investigating the pathophysiology of ILFS1-associated liver dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | | | - Shota Sonoda
- Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyahara
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shimizu
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shiraishi
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Miwako Maeda
- Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yanagi
- Department of Genome Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kaname
- Department of Genome Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Hanada
- Department of Neurophysiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Hanada
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
| | - Kenji Ihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
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9
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Habjan E, Schouten GK, Speer A, van Ulsen P, Bitter W. Diving into drug-screening: zebrafish embryos as an in vivo platform for antimicrobial drug discovery and assessment. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2024; 48:fuae011. [PMID: 38684467 PMCID: PMC11078164 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuae011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria underlines the need for innovative treatments, yet the introduction of new drugs has stagnated despite numerous antimicrobial discoveries. A major hurdle is a poor correlation between promising in vitro data and in vivo efficacy in animal models, which is essential for clinical development. Early in vivo testing is hindered by the expense and complexity of existing animal models. Therefore, there is a pressing need for cost-effective, rapid preclinical models with high translational value. To overcome these challenges, zebrafish embryos have emerged as an attractive model for infectious disease studies, offering advantages such as ethical alignment, rapid development, ease of maintenance, and genetic manipulability. The zebrafish embryo infection model, involving microinjection or immersion of pathogens and potential antibiotic hit compounds, provides a promising solution for early-stage drug screening. It offers a cost-effective and rapid means of assessing the efficacy, toxicity and mechanism of action of compounds in a whole-organism context. This review discusses the experimental design of this model, but also its benefits and challenges. Additionally, it highlights recently identified compounds in the zebrafish embryo infection model and discusses the relevance of the model in predicting the compound's clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Habjan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU Medical Center,De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gina K Schouten
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU Medical Center,De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Speer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU Medical Center,De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter van Ulsen
- Section Molecular Microbiology of A-LIFE, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wilbert Bitter
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU Medical Center,De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Section Molecular Microbiology of A-LIFE, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Chen P, Zhao N, Wang R, Chen G, Hu Y, Dou Z, Ban C. Hepatotoxicity and lipid metabolism disorders of 8:2 polyfluoroalkyl phosphate diester in zebrafish: In vivo and in silico evidence. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133807. [PMID: 38412642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
8:2 polyfluoroalkyl phosphate diester (8:2 diPAP) has been shown to accumulate in the liver, but whether it induces hepatotoxicity and lipid metabolism disorders remains largely unknown. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to 8:2 diPAP for 7 d. Hepatocellular hypertrophy and karyolysis were noted after exposure to 0.5 ng/L 8:2 diPAP, suggesting suppressed liver development. Compared to the water control, 8:2 diPAP led to significantly higher triglyceride and total cholesterol levels, but markedly lower levels of low-density lipoprotein, implying disturbed lipid homeostasis. The levels of two peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) subtypes (pparα and pparγ) involved in hepatotoxicity and lipid metabolism were significantly upregulated by 8:2 diPAP, consistent with their overexpression as determined by immunohistochemistry. In silico results showed that 8:2 diPAP formed hydrogen bonds with PPARα and PPARγ. Among seven machine learning models, Adaptive Boosting performed the best in predicting the binding affinities of PPARα and PPARγ on the test set. The predicted binding affinity of 8:2 diPAP to PPARα (7.12) was higher than that to PPARγ (6.97) by Adaptive Boosting, which matched well with the experimental results. Our results revealed PPAR - mediated adverse effects of 8:2 diPAP on the liver and lipid metabolism of zebrafish larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Chen
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China.
| | - Na Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Ruihan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Geng Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuxi Hu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Zhichao Dou
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Chenglong Ban
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
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11
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Tal T, Myhre O, Fritsche E, Rüegg J, Craenen K, Aiello-Holden K, Agrillo C, Babin PJ, Escher BI, Dirven H, Hellsten K, Dolva K, Hessel E, Heusinkveld HJ, Hadzhiev Y, Hurem S, Jagiello K, Judzinska B, Klüver N, Knoll-Gellida A, Kühne BA, Leist M, Lislien M, Lyche JL, Müller F, Colbourne JK, Neuhaus W, Pallocca G, Seeger B, Scharkin I, Scholz S, Spjuth O, Torres-Ruiz M, Bartmann K. New approach methods to assess developmental and adult neurotoxicity for regulatory use: a PARC work package 5 project. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2024; 6:1359507. [PMID: 38742231 PMCID: PMC11089904 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2024.1359507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In the European regulatory context, rodent in vivo studies are the predominant source of neurotoxicity information. Although they form a cornerstone of neurotoxicological assessments, they are costly and the topic of ethical debate. While the public expects chemicals and products to be safe for the developing and mature nervous systems, considerable numbers of chemicals in commerce have not, or only to a limited extent, been assessed for their potential to cause neurotoxicity. As such, there is a societal push toward the replacement of animal models with in vitro or alternative methods. New approach methods (NAMs) can contribute to the regulatory knowledge base, increase chemical safety, and modernize chemical hazard and risk assessment. Provided they reach an acceptable level of regulatory relevance and reliability, NAMs may be considered as replacements for specific in vivo studies. The European Partnership for the Assessment of Risks from Chemicals (PARC) addresses challenges to the development and implementation of NAMs in chemical risk assessment. In collaboration with regulatory agencies, Project 5.2.1e (Neurotoxicity) aims to develop and evaluate NAMs for developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) and adult neurotoxicity (ANT) and to understand the applicability domain of specific NAMs for the detection of endocrine disruption and epigenetic perturbation. To speed up assay time and reduce costs, we identify early indicators of later-onset effects. Ultimately, we will assemble second-generation developmental neurotoxicity and first-generation adult neurotoxicity test batteries, both of which aim to provide regulatory hazard and risk assessors and industry stakeholders with robust, speedy, lower-cost, and informative next-generation hazard and risk assessment tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Tal
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Chemicals in the Environment Research Section, Leipzig, Germany
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Oddvar Myhre
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health – NIPH, Department of Chemical Toxicology, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ellen Fritsche
- IUF – Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
- DNTOX GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joëlle Rüegg
- Uppsala University, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kai Craenen
- European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Caroline Agrillo
- Uppsala University, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrick J. Babin
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), Pessac, France
| | - Beate I. Escher
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Chemicals in the Environment Research Section, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hubert Dirven
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health – NIPH, Department of Chemical Toxicology, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Kristine Dolva
- University of Oslo, Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, Olso, Norway
| | - Ellen Hessel
- Dutch Nation Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Health Protection, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Harm J. Heusinkveld
- Dutch Nation Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Health Protection, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Yavor Hadzhiev
- University of Birmingham, Centre for Environmental Research and Justice, Birmingham, UK
| | - Selma Hurem
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ås, Norway
| | - Karolina Jagiello
- University of Gdansk, Laboratory of Environmental Chemoinformatics, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Beata Judzinska
- University of Gdansk, Laboratory of Environmental Chemoinformatics, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Nils Klüver
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Chemicals in the Environment Research Section, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anja Knoll-Gellida
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), Pessac, France
| | - Britta A. Kühne
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marcel Leist
- University of Konstanz, In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine/CAAT-Europe, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Malene Lislien
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health – NIPH, Department of Chemical Toxicology, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan L. Lyche
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ås, Norway
| | - Ferenc Müller
- University of Birmingham, Centre for Environmental Research and Justice, Birmingham, UK
| | - John K. Colbourne
- University of Birmingham, Centre for Environmental Research and Justice, Birmingham, UK
| | - Winfried Neuhaus
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Center Health and Bioresources, Vienna, Austria
- Danube Private University, Faculty of Dentistry and Medicine, Department of Medicine, Krems, Austria
| | - Giorgia Pallocca
- University of Konstanz, In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine/CAAT-Europe, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Bettina Seeger
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ilka Scharkin
- IUF – Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Scholz
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Chemicals in the Environment Research Section, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ola Spjuth
- Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Monica Torres-Ruiz
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Environmental Toxicology Unit, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Kristina Bartmann
- IUF – Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
- DNTOX GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
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12
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Madakashira BP, Magnani E, Ranjan S, Sadler KC. DNA hypomethylation activates Cdk4/6 and Atr to induce DNA replication and cell cycle arrest to constrain liver outgrowth in zebrafish. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:3069-3087. [PMID: 38321933 PMCID: PMC11014291 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Coordinating epigenomic inheritance and cell cycle progression is essential for organogenesis. UHRF1 connects these functions during development by facilitating maintenance of DNA methylation and cell cycle progression. Here, we provide evidence resolving the paradoxical phenotype of uhrf1 mutant zebrafish embryos which have activation of pro-proliferative genes and increased number of hepatocytes in S-phase, but the liver fails to grow. We uncover decreased Cdkn2a/b and persistent Cdk4/6 activation as the mechanism driving uhrf1 mutant hepatocytes into S-phase. This induces replication stress, DNA damage and Atr activation. Palbociclib treatment of uhrf1 mutants prevented aberrant S-phase entry, reduced DNA damage, and rescued most cellular and developmental phenotypes, but it did not rescue DNA hypomethylation, transposon expression or the interferon response. Inhibiting Atr reduced DNA replication and increased liver size in uhrf1 mutants, suggesting that Atr activation leads to dormant origin firing and prevents hepatocyte proliferation. Cdkn2a/b was downregulated pro-proliferative genes were also induced in a Cdk4/6 dependent fashion in the liver of dnmt1 mutants, suggesting DNA hypomethylation as a mechanism of Cdk4/6 activation during development. This shows that the developmental defects caused by DNA hypomethylation are attributed to persistent Cdk4/6 activation, DNA replication stress, dormant origin firing and cell cycle inhibition.
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13
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Zhou Y, Li F, Fu K, Zhang Y, Zheng N, Tang H, Xu Z, Luo L, Han J, Yang L, Zhou B. Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate Enhances foxo1-Mediated Lipophagy to Remodel Lipid Metabolism in Zebrafish Liver. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:4581-4593. [PMID: 38422554 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
An emerging environmental contaminant, bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH), can bioaccumulate in the liver and affect hepatic lipid metabolism. However, the in-depth mechanism has yet to be comprehensively explored. In this study, we utilized transgenic zebrafish Tg (Apo14: GFP) to image the interference of TBPH on zebrafish liver development and lipid metabolism at the early development stage. Using integrated lipidomic and transcriptomic analyses to profile the lipid remodeling effect, we uncovered the potential effects of TBPH on lipophagy-related signaling pathways in zebrafish larvae. Decreased lipid contents accompanied by enhanced lipophagy were confirmed by the measurements of Oil Red O staining and transmission electron microscopy in liver tissues. Particularly, the regulatory role of the foxo1 factor was validated via its transcriptional inhibitor. Double immunofluorescence staining integrated with biochemical analysis indicated that the enhanced lipophagy and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation induced by TBPH were reversed by the foxo1 inhibitor. To summarize, our study reveals, for the first time, the essential role of foxo1-mediated lipophagy in TBPH-induced lipid metabolic disorders and hepatoxicity, providing new insights for metabolic disease studies and ecological health risk assessment of TBPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaiyu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yindan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Na Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huijia Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhixiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Lijun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jian Han
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bingsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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14
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Huang Y, Liu X, Wang HY, Chen JY, Zhang X, Li Y, Lu Y, Dong Z, Liu K, Wang Z, Wang Q, Fan G, Zou J, Liu S, Shao C. Single-cell transcriptome landscape of zebrafish liver reveals hepatocytes and immune cell interactions in understanding nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 146:109428. [PMID: 38325594 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most common chronic liver disease in the world. Immunity is the major contributing factor in NAFLD; however, the interaction of immune cells and hepatocytes in disease progression has not been fully elucidated. As a popular species for studying NAFLD, zebrafish, whose liver is a complex immune system mediated by immune cells and non-immune cells in maintaining immune tolerance and homeostasis. Understanding the cellular composition and immune environment of zebrafish liver is of great significance for its application in NAFLD. Here, we established a liver atlas that consists of 10 cell types using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). By examining the heterogeneity of hepatocytes and analyzing the expression of NAFLD-associated genes in the specific cluster, we provide a potential target cell model to study NAFLD. Additionally, our analysis identified two subtypes of distinct resident macrophages with inflammatory and non-inflammatory functions and characterized the successive stepwise development of T cell subclusters in the liver. Importantly, we uncovered the possible regulation of macrophages and T cells on target cells of fatty liver by analyzing the cellular interaction between hepatocytes and immune cells. Our data provide valuable information for an in-depth study of immune cells targeting hepatocytes to regulate the immune balance in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyi Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 266072, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266072, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 266072, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266072, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hong-Yan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 266072, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266072, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jian-Yang Chen
- BGI Research, 266555, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Genomics, BGI Research, 266555, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xianghui Zhang
- BGI Research, 266555, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Genomics, BGI Research, 266555, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yubang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 266072, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266072, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yifang Lu
- BGI Research, 266555, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Genomics, BGI Research, 266555, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongdian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, 524088, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaiqiang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 266072, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266072, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongduo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, 524088, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 266072, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266072, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Guangyi Fan
- BGI Research, 266555, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Genomics, BGI Research, 266555, Qingdao, Shandong, China; BGI Research, 518083, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, 201306, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- MGI Tech, 518083, Shenzhen, China; BGI Research, 518083, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Changwei Shao
- National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 266072, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266072, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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15
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Gao P, Chang C, Liang J, Du F, Zhang R. Embryonic Amoxicillin Exposure Has Limited Impact on Liver Development but Increases Susceptibility to NAFLD in Zebrafish Larvae. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2744. [PMID: 38473993 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Amoxicillin is commonly used in clinical settings to target bacterial infection and is frequently prescribed during pregnancy. Investigations into its developmental toxicity and effects on disease susceptibility are not comprehensive. Our present study examined the effects of embryonic amoxicillin exposure on liver development and function, especially the effects on susceptibility to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using zebrafish as an animal model. We discovered that embryonic amoxicillin exposure did not compromise liver development, nor did it induce liver toxicity. However, co-treatment of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid diminished BESP expression, caused bile stasis and induced liver toxicity. Embryonic amoxicillin exposure resulted in elevated expression of lipid synthesis genes and exacerbated hepatic steatosis in a fructose-induced NAFLD model, indicating embryonic amoxicillin exposure increased susceptibility to NAFLD in zebrafish larvae. In summary, this research broadens our understanding of the risks of amoxicillin usage during pregnancy and provides evidence for the impact of embryonic amoxicillin exposure on disease susceptibility in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Cheng Chang
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jieling Liang
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Fen Du
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ruilin Zhang
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, China
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16
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Jin Q, Hu Y, Gao Y, Zheng J, Chen J, Gao C, Peng J. Hhex and Prox1a synergistically dictate the hepatoblast to hepatocyte differentiation in zebrafish. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 686:149182. [PMID: 37922575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The specification of endoderm cells to prospective hepatoblasts is the starting point for hepatogenesis. However, how a prospective hepatoblast gains the hepatic fate remains elusive. Previous studies have shown that loss-of-function of either hhex or prox1a alone causes a small liver phenotype but without abolishing the hepatocyte differentiation, suggesting that absence of either Hhex or Prox1a alone is not sufficient to block the hepatoblast differentiation. Here, via genetic studies of the zebrafish two single (hhex-/- and prox1a-/-) and one double (hhex-/-prox1a-/-) mutants, we show that simultaneous loss-of-function of the hhex and prox1a two genes does not block the endoderm cells to gain the hepatoblast potency but abolishes the hepatic differentiation from the prospective hepatoblast. Consequently, the hhex-/-prox1a-/- double mutant displays a liverless phenotype that cannot be rescued by the injection of bmp2a mRNA. Taken together, we provide strong evidences showing that Hhex teams with Prox1a to act as a master control of the differentiation of the prospective hepatoblasts towards hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Jin
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Yuqing Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Yuqi Gao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Jiayi Zheng
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Ce Gao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China.
| | - Jinrong Peng
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China.
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17
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Wu C, Zhang W, Luo Y, Cheng C, Wang X, Jiang Y, Li S, Luo L, Yang Y. Zebrafish ppp1r21 mutant as a model for the study of primary biliary cholangitis. J Genet Genomics 2023; 50:1004-1013. [PMID: 37271428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune cholestatic liver disease that progresses to fibrosis and cirrhosis, resulting from the gradual destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts. Exploring genetic variants associated with PBC is essential to understand the pathogenesis of PBC. Here we identify a zebrafish balloon dog (blg) mutant with intrahepatic bile duct branching defects, exhibiting several key pathological PBC-like features, including immunodominant autoantigen PDC-E2 production, cholangiocyte apoptosis, immune cell infiltration, inflammatory activation, and liver fibrosis. blg encodes the protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 21 (Ppp1r21), which is enriched in the liver and its peripheral tissues and plays a vital role in the early intrahepatic bile duct formation stage. Further studies show an excessive activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the hepatic tissues in the mutant, while treatment with the pathway inhibitor LY294002 and rapamycin partially rescues intrahepatic bile duct branching defects and alleviates the PBC-like symptoms. These findings implicate the potential role of the Ppp1r21-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the pathophysiology of PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoying Wu
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yiyu Luo
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chaoqing Cheng
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xinjuan Wang
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lingfei Luo
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
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18
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Guzelkaya M, Onal E, Gelinci E, Kumral A, Cakan-Akdogan G. A zebrafish model for studying the mechanisms of newborn hyperbilirubinemia and bilirubin-induced neurological damage. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1275414. [PMID: 38033855 PMCID: PMC10682072 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1275414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Unresolved neonatal hyperbilirubinemia may lead to the accumulation of excess bilirubin in the body, and bilirubin in neural tissues may induce toxicity. Bilirubin-induced neurological damage (BIND) can result in acute or chronic bilirubin encephalopathy, causing temporary or lasting neurological dysfunction or severe damage resulting in infant death. Although serum bilirubin levels are used as an indication of severity, known and unknown individual differences affect the severity of the symptoms. The mechanisms of BIND are not yet fully understood. Here, a zebrafish newborn hyperbilirubinemia model is developed and characterized. Direct exposure to excess bilirubin induced dose- and time-dependent toxicity linked to the accumulation of bilirubin in the body and brain. Introduced bilirubin was processed by the liver, which increased the tolerance of larvae. BIND in larvae was demonstrated by morphometric measurements, histopathological analyses and functional tests. The larvae that survived hyperbilirubinemia displayed mild or severe morphologies associated with defects in eye movements, body posture and swimming problems. Interestingly, a plethora of mild to severe clinical symptoms were reproduced in the zebrafish model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ebru Onal
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkiye
- Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkiye
| | | | - Abdullah Kumral
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkiye
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Gulcin Cakan-Akdogan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkiye
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkiye
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19
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Shimizu N, Shiraishi H, Hanada T. Zebrafish as a Useful Model System for Human Liver Disease. Cells 2023; 12:2246. [PMID: 37759472 PMCID: PMC10526867 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases represent a significant global health challenge, thereby necessitating extensive research to understand their intricate complexities and to develop effective treatments. In this context, zebrafish (Danio rerio) have emerged as a valuable model organism for studying various aspects of liver disease. The zebrafish liver has striking similarities to the human liver in terms of structure, function, and regenerative capacity. Researchers have successfully induced liver damage in zebrafish using chemical toxins, genetic manipulation, and other methods, thereby allowing the study of disease mechanisms and the progression of liver disease. Zebrafish embryos or larvae, with their transparency and rapid development, provide a unique opportunity for high-throughput drug screening and the identification of potential therapeutics. This review highlights how research on zebrafish has provided valuable insights into the pathological mechanisms of human liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Shimizu
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan;
| | | | - Toshikatsu Hanada
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan;
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20
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Subramanian S. Zebrafish as a model organism - can a fish mimic human? J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 34:559-575. [PMID: 34662932 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2021-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
From pre-historic era, all scientific discoveries have evolved around a concept - THINK BIG but for a change zebrafish as a model organism in research had managed to halt the entire medical community and made us realize that it's time to think small. From a barely imagined being in research few years ago to around 4,000 publications in just last year, zebrafish has definitely come a long way. Through these tiny fish, scientists have managed to find genes that caused human diseases and have also developed various specific models to know more about the pathology behind such diseases. This review will focus on zebrafish as a model organism from the time it was introduced to the most novel targets with particular emphasis on central nervous system (CNS) as it is rapidly evolving branch in zebrafish research these days. This review will try to shed light on the early stages of zebrafish as a model organism and will try to cover the journey of it developing as a successful model organism to map many diseases like diabetes, Alzheimer's and autism describing the rationale for using this specific model and briefly the techniques under each category and finally will summarize the pros and cons of the model with its expected future directions.
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21
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Van Dingenen I, Vergauwen L, Haigis AC, Blackwell BR, Stacy E, Villeneuve DL, Knapen D. Deiodinase inhibition impairs the formation of the three posterior swim bladder tissue layers during early embryonic development in zebrafish. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 261:106632. [PMID: 37451188 PMCID: PMC10949247 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone system disruption (THSD) negatively affects multiple developmental processes and organs. In fish, inhibition of deiodinases, which are enzymes crucial for (in)activating thyroid hormones (THs), leads to impaired swim bladder inflation. Until now, the underlying mechanism has remained largely unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the process during swim bladder development that is impacted by deiodinase inhibition. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 6 mg/L iopanoic acid (IOP), a model deiodinase inhibitor, during 8 different exposure windows (0-60, 60-120, 24-48, 48-72, 72-96, 96-120, 72-120 and 0-120 h post fertilization (hpf)). Exposure windows were chosen based on the three stages of swim bladder development: budding (24-48 hpf), pre-inflation, i.e., the formation of the swim bladder tissue layers (48-72 hpf), and inflation phase (72-120 hpf). Exposures prior to 72 hpf, during either the budding or pre-inflation phase (or both), impaired swim bladder inflation, while exposure during the inflation phase did not. Based on our results, we hypothesize that DIO inhibition before 72 hpf leads to a local decrease in T3 levels in the developing swim bladder. Gene transcript analysis showed that these TH level alterations disturb both Wnt and hedgehog signaling, known to be essential for swim bladder formation, eventually resulting in impaired development of the swim bladder tissue layers. Improper development of the swim bladder impairs swim bladder inflation, leading to reduced swimming performance. This study demonstrates that deiodinase inhibition impacts processes underlying the formation of the swim bladder and not the inflation process, suggesting that these processes primarily rely on maternal rather than endogenously synthetized THs since TH measurements showed that THs were not endogenously synthetized during the sensitive period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imke Van Dingenen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
| | - Ann-Cathrin Haigis
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
| | - Brett R Blackwell
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN 55804, United States
| | - Emma Stacy
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN 55804, United States
| | - Daniel L Villeneuve
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN 55804, United States
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium.
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22
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Ma J, Yang Z, Huang Z, Li L, Huang J, Chen J, Ni R, Luo L, He J. Rngtt governs biliary-derived liver regeneration initiation by transcriptional regulation of mTORC1 and Dnmt1 in zebrafish. Hepatology 2023; 78:167-178. [PMID: 36724876 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In cases of end-stage liver diseases, the proliferation of existing hepatocytes is compromised, a feature of human chronic liver disease, in which most hepatocytes are dysfunctional. So far, liver transplantation represents the only curative therapeutic solution for advanced liver diseases, and the shortage of donor organs leads to high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The promising treatment is to prompt the biliary epithelial cells (BECs) transdifferentiation. However, the critical factors governing the initiation of BEC-derived liver regeneration are largely unknown. The zebrafish has advantages in large-scale genetic screens to identify the critical factors involved in liver regeneration. Here, we combined N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea screen, positional cloning, transgenic lines, antibody staining, and in situ hybridization methods and identified a liver regeneration defect mutant ( lrd ) using the zebrafish extensive liver injury model. Through positional cloning and genomic sequencing, we mapped the mutation site to rngtt . Loss of rngtt leads to the defects of BEC dedifferentiation, bipotential progenitor cell activation, and cell proliferation in the initiation stage of liver regeneration. The transdifferentiation from BECs to hepatocytes did not occur even at the late stage of liver regeneration. Mechanically, Rngtt transcriptionally regulates the attachment of mRNA cap to mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) components and dnmt1 to maintain the activation of mTORC1 and DNA methylation in BECs after severe liver injury and prompt BEC to hepatocyte conversion. Furthermore, rptor and dnmt1 mutants displayed the same liver regeneration defects as rngtt mutation. In conclusion, our results suggest Rngtt is a new factor that initiates BEC-derived liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Ma
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuolin Yang
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuofu Huang
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Linke Li
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingliang Huang
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingying Chen
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chongqing), Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Ni
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingfei Luo
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianbo He
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
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23
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Zhong CC, Zhao T, Hogstrand C, Song CC, Zito E, Tan XY, Xu YC, Song YF, Wei XL, Luo Z. Copper induces liver lipotoxicity disease by up-regulating Nrf2 expression via the activation of MTF-1 and inhibition of SP1/Fyn pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166752. [PMID: 37182554 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Excessive copper (Cu) intake leads to hepatic lipotoxicity disease, which has adverse effects on health, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. We found that Cu increased lipotoxicity by promoting Nrf2 recruitment to the ARE site in the promoters of five lipogenic genes (g6pd, 6pgd, me, icdh and pparγ). We also found that Cu affected the Nrf2 expression via different pathways: metal regulatory transcription factor 1 (MTF-1) mediated the Cu-induced Nrf2 transcriptional activation; Cu also enhanced the expression of Nrf2 by inhibiting the SP1 expression, which was achieved by inhibiting the negative regulator Fyn of Nrf2. These promoted the enrichment of Nrf2 in the nucleus and ultimately affected lipotoxicity. Thus, for the first time, we elucidated that Cu induced liver lipotoxicity disease by up-regulating Nrf2 expression via the MTF-1 activation and the inhibition of SP1/Fyn pathway. Our study elucidates the Cu-associated obesity and NAFLD for fish and possibly humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Chao Zhong
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chang-Chun Song
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ester Zito
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Xiao-Ying Tan
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yi-Chuang Xu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Wei
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, Shandong Province, China.
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24
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Park J, An G, Park H, Hong T, Lim W, Song G. Developmental defects induced by thiabendazole are mediated via apoptosis, oxidative stress and alteration in PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 176:107973. [PMID: 37196567 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Thiabendazole, a benzimidazole fungicide, is widely used to prevent yield loss in agricultural land by inhibiting plant diseases derived from fungi. As thiabendazole has a stable benzimidazole ring structure, it remains in the environment for an extended period, and its toxic effects on non-target organisms have been reported, indicating the possibility that it could threaten public health. However, little research has been conducted to elucidate the comprehensive mechanisms of its developmental toxicity. Therefore, we used zebrafish, a representative toxicological model that can predict toxicity in aquatic organisms and mammals, to demonstrate the developmental toxicity of thiabendazole. Various morphological malformations were observed, including decreased body length, eye size, and increased heart and yolk sac edema. Apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and inflammatory response were also triggered by thiabendazole exposure in zebrafish larvae. Furthermore, PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways important for appropriate organogenesis were significantly changed by thiabendazole. These results led to toxicity in various organs and a reduction in the expression of related genes, including cardiovascular toxicity, neurotoxicity, and hepatic and pancreatic toxicity, which were detected in flk1:eGFP, olig2:dsRED, and L-fabp:dsRed;elastase:GFP transgenic zebrafish models, respectively. Overall, this study partly determined the developmental toxicity of thiabendazole in zebrafish and provided evidence of the environmental hazards of this fungicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam An
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hahyun Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyeon Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Jeon HJ, Kim C, Kim K, Lee SE. Piperlongumine treatment impacts heart and liver development and causes developmental delay in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 258:114995. [PMID: 37167734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL) and piperine (PP) are alkaloids presented in long pepper (Piper longum), and they exhibit various biological activities, especially anti-cancer properties. With these regards, they are considered as future medicines with high potential. Even they are exposed to humans such a long time, their potential toxicities in the environment have not been studied. Therefore, their ecological toxicities were assessed using zebrafish embryos. PP showed low mortality and no abnormal phenotype up to 10 µM. However, PL exhibited strong acute toxicity at the concentration of 5-10 µM ranges, and abnormal development were frequently found in the range of 1-2.5 µM with pericardial and yolk sac edemas. In transgenic zebrafish embryos, PL induced an increase in the number of intersegmental vessels and delayed the early-stage development. PL treatment affected heart formation and heart rate. The presence of PL induced the expression of cytokines, inflammatory markers, and inflammasome in the embryos. The PL treatment changed the mRNA levels of the ER stress and apoptosis-related genes. In addition, ROS production was observed during early-stage development of PL-treated zebrafish embryos. These results indicate that developing PL as a medicine would require extremely meticulous strategies to prevent potential toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwang-Ju Jeon
- Red River Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Bossier City, LA, USA
| | - Chaeeun Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongnam Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Le Mentec H, Monniez E, Legrand A, Monvoisin C, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Podechard N. A New In Vivo Zebrafish Bioassay Evaluating Liver Steatosis Identifies DDE as a Steatogenic Endocrine Disruptor, Partly through SCD1 Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043942. [PMID: 36835354 PMCID: PMC9959061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which starts with liver steatosis, is a growing worldwide epidemic responsible for chronic liver diseases. Among its risk factors, exposure to environmental contaminants, such as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC), has been recently emphasized. Given this important public health concern, regulation agencies need novel simple and fast biological tests to evaluate chemical risks. In this context, we developed a new in vivo bioassay called StAZ (Steatogenic Assay on Zebrafish) using an alternative model to animal experimentation, the zebrafish larva, to screen EDCs for their steatogenic properties. Taking advantage of the transparency of zebrafish larvae, we established a method based on fluorescent staining with Nile red to estimate liver lipid content. Following testing of known steatogenic molecules, 10 EDCs suspected to induce metabolic disorders were screened and DDE, the main metabolite of the insecticide DDT, was identified as a potent inducer of steatosis. To confirm this and optimize the assay, we used it in a transgenic zebrafish line expressing a blue fluorescent liver protein reporter. To obtain insight into DDE's effect, the expression of several genes related to steatosis was analyzed; an up-regulation of scd1 expression, probably relying on PXR activation, was found, partly responsible for both membrane remodeling and steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Le Mentec
- INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Emmanuelle Monniez
- INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Antoine Legrand
- INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Céline Monvoisin
- UMR 1236-MOBIDIC, INSERM, Université Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, 35043 Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Normand Podechard
- INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
- Correspondence:
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27
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Sun S, Li X, Zhang L, Zhong Z, Chen C, Zuo Y, Chen Y, Hu H, Liu F, Xiong G, Lu H, Chen J, Dai J. Hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TA) disturbs embryonic liver and biliary system development in zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160087. [PMID: 36372181 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TA), a novel alternative to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), has emerged as a potential environmental pollutant. Here, to investigate the toxic effects of HFPO-TA on liver and biliary system development, zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0, 50, 100, or 200 mg/L HFPO-TA from 6 to 120 h post-fertilization (hpf). Results showed that the 50 % lethal concentration (LC50) of HFPO-TA was 231 mg/L at 120 hpf, lower than that of PFOA. HFPO-TA exposure decreased embryonic hatching, survival, and body length. Furthermore, HFPO-TA exerted higher toxicity at the specification stage than during the differentiation and maturation stages, leading to small-sized livers in Tg(fabp10a: DsRed) transgenic larvae and histopathological changes. Significant decreases in the mRNA expression of genes related to liver formation were observed. Alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), and direct bilirubin (DBIL) levels were significantly increased. HFPO-TA decreased total cholesterol (TCHO) and triglyceride (TG) activities, disturbed lipid metabolism through the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathway, and induced an inflammatory response. Furthermore, HFPO-TA inhibited intrahepatic biliary development in Tg(Tp1:eGFP) transgenic larvae and interfered with transcription of genes associated with biliary duct development. HFPO-TA reduced bile acid synthesis but increased bile acid transport, resulting in disruption of bile acid metabolism. Therefore, HFPO-TA influenced embryonic liver and biliary system morphogenesis, caused liver injury, and may be an unsafe alternative for PFOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujie Sun
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Xue Li
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Zilin Zhong
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Yuhua Zuo
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Hongmei Hu
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Fasheng Liu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guanghua Xiong
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China.
| | - Jiayin Dai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China.
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28
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Monteiro B, Venâncio C, Francisco R, Sousa ACA, Lopes I. Contributions towards the hazard evaluation of two widely used cytostatic drugs. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:15641-15654. [PMID: 36169838 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23120-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cytostatic drugs are one of the most important therapeutic options for cancer, a disease that is expected to affect 29 million individuals by 2040. After being excreted, cytostatics reach wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), which are unable to efficiently remove them, and consequently, they will be released into the aquatic environment. Due to the highly toxic properties of cytostatics, it is particularly relevant to evaluate their potential ecological risk. Yet, cytostatics toxicity data is still not available for various species. In this work, the ecotoxicity of two widely consumed cytostatics, cyclophosphamide (CYP-as a model cytostatic) and mycophenolic acid (MPA-as a priority cytostatic), was evaluated on three freshwater species-Raphidocelis subcapitata, Brachionus calyciflorus, and Danio rerio, and the risk quotient (RQ) was assessed. Both drugs significantly affected the yield and growth inhibition of the microalgae, while for rotifers, the least sensitive species, only significant effects were registered for CYP. These drugs also caused significant effects on the mortality and morphological abnormalities on zebrafish. The estimation of the RQ discloses that CYP seems to pose a low risk to aquatic biota while MPA poses a very high risk. Altogether, these results emphasize the need for more complete environmental risk assessments, to properly prioritize and rank cytostatics according to their potentially toxic effects on the environment and aquatic biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Monteiro
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cátia Venâncio
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rafael Francisco
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana C A Sousa
- Department of Biology and Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, Évora, Portugal.
| | - Isabel Lopes
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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29
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Bai C, Tang M. Progress on the toxicity of quantum dots to model organism-zebrafish. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:89-106. [PMID: 35441386 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In vivo toxicological studies are currently necessary to analyze the probable dangers of quantum dots (QDs) to the environment and human safety, due to the fast expansion of QDs in a range of applications. Because of its high fecundity, cost-effectiveness, well-defined developmental phases, and optical transparency, zebrafish has long been considered the "gold standard" for biosafety assessment of chemical substances and pollutants. In this review, the advantages of using zebrafish in QD toxicity assessment were explored. Then, the target organ toxicities such as developmental toxicity, immunotoxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, neurotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity were summarized. The hazardous effects of different QDs, including cadmium-containing QDs like CdTe, CdSe, and CdSe/ZnS, as well as cadmium-free QDs like graphene QDs (GQDs), graphene oxide QDs (GOQDs), and others, were emphasized and described in detail, as well as the underlying mechanisms of QDs generating these effects. Furthermore, general physicochemical parameters determining QD-induced toxicity in zebrafish were introduced, such as chemical composition and surface coating/modification. The limitations and special concerns of using zebrafish in QD toxicity studies were also mentioned. Finally, we predicted that the utilization of high-throughput screening assays and omics, such as transcriptome sequencing, proteomics, and metabolomics will be popular topic in nanotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcun Bai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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30
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Akdogan Y, Cigdem Sozer S, Akyol C, Basol M, Karakoyun C, Cakan-Akdogan G. Synthesis of albumin nanoparticles in a water-miscible ionic liquid system, and their applications for chlorambucil delivery to cancer cells. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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31
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Duan M, Guo X, Chen X, Guo M, Zhang M, Xu H, Wang C, Yang Y. Transcriptome analysis reveals hepatotoxicity in zebrafish induced by cyhalofop‑butyl. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 252:106322. [PMID: 36240591 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cyhalofop‑butyl is a highly effective aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicide and widely used for weed control in paddy fields. With the increasing residue of cyhalofop‑butyl, it poses a threat to the survival of aquatic organisms. Here, we investigated the effect of cyhalofop‑butyl on zebrafish to explore its potential hepatotoxic mechanism. The results showed that cyhalofop‑butyl induced hepatocyte degeneration, vacuolation and necrosis of larvae after embryonic exposure for 4 days and caused liver atrophy after 5 days. Meanwhile, the activities of enzymes related to liver function were significantly increased by 0.2 mg/L cyhalofop‑butyl and higher, such as alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST). And the contents of triglyceride (TG) involved in lipid metabolism were significantly decreased by 0.4 mg/L cyhalofop-buty. The expression of genes related to liver development was also significantly down-regulated. Furthermore, transcriptome results showed that the pathways involved in metabolism, immune system and endocrine system were significantly impacted, which may be related to hepatoxicity. To sum up, the present study demonstrated the hepatoxicity caused by cyhalofop-buty and its underlying mechanism. The results may provide new insights for the risk of cyhalofop‑butyl to aquatic organisms and new horizons for the pathogenesis of hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Duan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuanjun Guo
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiangguang Chen
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mengyu Guo
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mengna Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chengju Wang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Provides Novel Molecular Events for the Differentiation and Maturation of Hepatocytes during the Liver Development of Zebrafish. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092264. [PMID: 36140365 PMCID: PMC9496063 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver plays an essential role in multiple biological functions including metabolism, detoxification, digestion, coagulation, and homeostasis in vertebrates. The specification and differentiation of embryonic hepatoblasts, the proliferation of hepatocytes, and the hepatic tissue architecture are well documented, but molecular events governing the maturation of hepatocytes during liver development remain largely unclear. In this study, we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis of hepatocytes that were sorted by flow cytometry from developing zebrafish embryos at 60, 72, and 96 hpf. We identified 667 up-regulated and 3640 down-regulated genes in hepatocytes between 60 and 72 hpf, 606 up-regulated and 3924 down-regulated genes between 60 and 96 hpf, and 1693 up-regulated genes and 1508 down-regulated genes between 72 and 96 hpf. GO enrichment analysis revealed that key biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions in hepatocytes between 60 to 72 hpf, such as cell cycle, DNA replication, DNA repair, RNA processing, and transcription regulation, are mainly associated with the proliferation of hepatocytes. In addition to biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions for cell proliferation, molecular functions for carbohydrate metabolism were enriched in hepatocytes during 72 to 96 hpf. KEGG enrichment analysis identified key signaling pathways, such as cell cycle, RNA degradation, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, ErbB and Hedgehog signaling, basal transcription factors, Wnt signaling, and glycan degradation, which are closely associated with cell proliferation or carbohydrate metabolism in hepatocytes between 60 to 72 hpf. Newly enriched signaling pathways in hepatocytes during 72 to 96 hpf include metabolisms of pyrimidine, purine, nicotinate and nicotinamide, caffeine, glycine, serine and threonine, ABC transporters, and p53 signaling that function in metabolisms of lipid, protein and energy, cellular secretion, or detoxification, indicating the functional maturation of hepatocytes between 72 to 96 hpf. These findings provide novel clues for further understanding the functional differentiation and maturation of hepatocytes during liver development.
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Li C, Zhang C, Zhu C, Zhang J, Xia Q, Liu K, Zhang Y. Inflammation aggravated the hepatotoxicity of triptolide by oxidative stress, lipid metabolism disorder, autophagy, and apoptosis in zebrafish. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:949312. [PMID: 36110530 PMCID: PMC9468416 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.949312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Triptolide is a major compound isolated from the Tripterygium wilfordii Hook that is mainly used for the treatment of autoimmune disorders and inflammatory diseases. Though triptolide-induced hepatotoxicity has been widely reported, the hepatic effects when the patients are in an inflammatory state are not clear. In this study, we used low-dose Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to disrupt the inflammation homeostasis in the liver of zebrafish and explored the hepatotoxicity of triptolide under an inflammatory state. Compared with the Triptolide group, LPS-Triptolide cotreatment exacerbate the liver injury with a remarkable decrease of liver size and liver-specific fluorescence intensity, accompanied by significant elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities. Liver cell damages were further demonstrated by histological staining and scanning electron microscopy observation. Lipid metabolism was severely impaired as indicated by delayed yolk sac absorption, accumulated triglycerides in the liver, and dysregulation of the related genes, such as ppar-α, cpt-1, mgst, srebf1/2, and fasn. Oxidative stress could be involved in the molecular mechanism as the Nrf2/keap1 antioxidant pathways were down-regulated when the zebrafish in an inflammatory state. Moreover, the expression of autophagy-related genes such as beclin, atg5, map1lc3b, and atg3 was also dysregulated. Finally, apoptosis was significantly induced in responses to LPS-Triptolide co-treatment. We speculate that triptolide could exacerbate the immune response and impair lipid metabolism, resulting in enhanced sensitivity of the zebrafish liver to triptolide-induced toxic effects through disruption of the antioxidant system and induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenqinyao Li
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Chengyue Zhu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Qing Xia
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Kechun Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Yun Zhang,
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Brotzmann K, Escher SE, Walker P, Braunbeck T. Potential of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo test to discriminate between chemicals of similar molecular structure-a study with valproic acid and 14 of its analogues. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:3033-3051. [PMID: 35920856 PMCID: PMC9525359 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03340-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Valproic acid is a frequently used antiepileptic drug and known pediatric hepatotoxic agent. In search of pharmaceuticals with increased effectiveness and reduced toxicity, analogue chemicals came into focus. So far, toxicity and teratogenicity data of drugs and metabolites have usually been collected from mammalian model systems such as mice and rats. However, in an attempt to reduce mammalian testing while maintaining the reliability of toxicity testing of new industrial chemicals and drugs, alternative test methods are being developed. To this end, the potential of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo to discriminate between valproic acid and 14 analogues was investigated by exposing zebrafish embryos for 120 h post fertilization in the extended version of the fish embryo acute toxicity test (FET; OECD TG 236), and analyzing liver histology to evaluate the correlation of liver effects and the molecular structure of each compound. Although histological evaluation of zebrafish liver did not identify steatosis as the prominent adverse effect typical in human and mice, the structure–activity relationship (SAR) derived was comparable not only to human HepG2 cells, but also to available in vivo mouse and rat data. Thus, there is evidence that zebrafish embryos might serve as a tool to bridge the gap between subcellular, cell-based systems and vertebrate models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Brotzmann
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sylvia E Escher
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Nikolai-Fuchs-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Paul Walker
- Cyprotex Discovery, No. 24 Mereside, Alderley Park, Nether Alderley, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Thomas Braunbeck
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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35
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Song L, Li M, Feng C, Sa R, Hu X, Wang J, Yin X, Qi C, Dong W, Yang J. Protective effect of curcumin on zebrafish liver under ethanol-induced oxidative stress. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 258:109360. [PMID: 35523403 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has an important role in determining severe damage to the liver, including steatosis. Curcumin (CUR) is a natural polyphenol compound with antioxidant potential but its mechanism is still unclear. In this study, 2% ethanol (ETH) was used to establish a liver injury model in Tg (fabp10: Ps Red) transgenic zebrafish with the fluorescent liver. Ethanol-treated zebrafish had an increased vacuole rate at 144 h post-fertilization (hpf), thus confirming the effectiveness of the proposed model in inducing liver damage. However, when ethanol was submitted to co-exposure with curcumin, fluorescence area and signal intensity, as well as vacuole rate, were similar to the levels found in the control group. RNA-seq results showed that ethanol and CUR affected the regulation of catalytic activity and phenylalanine metabolism, biosynthesis of amino acids, and arginine and proline metabolism signaling pathways. QRT-PCR analysis also showed that treatment with CUR led to the downregulation of genes involved in the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway and altered the expression pattern of genes related to glutathione metabolism (gsr, gpx1a, gstp1, gsto1, and idh1a). CUR also induced an increase in GSH content and recovered decreased GSH caused by ethanol exposure. The findings discussed herein indicate that CUR can promote glutathione synthesis, which aided in the recovery from ethanol-induced liver damage in zebrafish larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Song
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
| | - Ming Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
| | - Chi Feng
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
| | - Rigaiqiqige Sa
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
| | - Xiaodong Hu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yin
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
| | - Chelimuge Qi
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
| | - Wu Dong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China.
| | - Jingfeng Yang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China.
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36
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Jagtap U, Basu S, Lokhande L, Bharti N, Sachidanandan C. BML-257, a Small Molecule that Protects against Drug-Induced Liver Injury in Zebrafish. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:1393-1399. [PMID: 35796757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of many essential drugs is restricted due to their deleterious effects on the liver. Molecules that can prevent or protect the liver from drug-induced liver injury (DILI) would be invaluable in such situations. We used a transgenic line in zebrafish with a hepatocyte-specific expression of bacterial nitroreductase to cause temporally controlled liver damage. A whole organism-based chemical screen using the transgenic line identified BML-257, a potent small molecule AKT inhibitor, that protected the liver against metronidazole-induced liver injury. BML-257 also showed potent prophylactic and pro-regenerative activity in this liver damage model. BML-257 was tested in two independent toxicological models of liver injury caused by acetaminophen and isoniazid and was found to be protective against damage. This suggests that BML-257 has the potential to protect against multiple kinds of DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmila Jagtap
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), South Campus, New Delhi 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Sandeep Basu
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), South Campus, New Delhi 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Lavanya Lokhande
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), South Campus, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Nikhil Bharti
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), South Campus, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Chetana Sachidanandan
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), South Campus, New Delhi 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
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37
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Three-dimensional (3D) liver cell models - a tool for bridging the gap between animal studies and clinical trials when screening liver accumulation and toxicity of nanobiomaterials. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:2048-2074. [PMID: 35507131 PMCID: PMC9066991 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01147-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite the exciting properties and wide-reaching applications of nanobiomaterials (NBMs) in human health and medicine, their translation from bench to bedside is slow, with a predominant issue being liver accumulation and toxicity following systemic administration. In vitro 2D cell-based assays and in vivo testing are the most popular and widely used methods for assessing liver toxicity at pre-clinical stages; however, these fall short in predicting toxicity for NBMs. Focusing on in vitro and in vivo assessment, the accurate prediction of human-specific hepatotoxicity is still a significant challenge to researchers. This review describes the relationship between NBMs and the liver, and the methods for assessing toxicity, focusing on the limitations they bring in the assessment of NBM hepatotoxicity as one of the reasons defining the poor translation for NBMs. We will then present some of the most recent advances towards the development of more biologically relevant in vitro liver methods based on tissue-mimetic 3D cell models and how these could facilitate the translation of NBMs going forward. Finally, we also discuss the low public acceptance and limited uptake of tissue-mimetic 3D models in pre-clinical assessment, despite the demonstrated technical and ethical advantages associated with them.
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38
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Al-Ansari DE, Al-Badr M, Zakaria ZZ, Mohamed NA, Nasrallah GK, Yalcin HC, Abou-Saleh H. Evaluation of Metal-Organic Framework MIL-89 nanoparticles toxicity on embryonic zebrafish development. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:951-960. [PMID: 35875258 PMCID: PMC9301604 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal-Organic Framework MIL-89 nanoparticles garnered remarkable attention for their widespread use in technological applications. However, the impact of these nanomaterials on human and environmental health is still limited, and concerns regarding the potential risk of exposure during manipulation is constantly rising. Therefore, the extensive use of nanomaterials in the medical field necessitates a comprehensive assessment of their safety and interaction with different tissues of the body system. In this study, we evaluated the systemic toxicity of nanoMIL-89 using Zebrafish embryos as a model system to determine the acute developmental effect. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to a range of nanoMIL-89 concentrations (1 - 300 µM) at 4 h post-fertilization (hpf) for up to 120 hpf. The viability and hatching rate were evaluated at 24-72 hpf, whereas the cardiac function was assessed at 72 and 96 hpf, and the neurodevelopment and hepatic steatosis at 120 hpf. Our study shows that nanoMIL-89 exerted no developmental toxicity on zebrafish embryos at low concentrations (1-10 µM). However, the hatching time and heart development were affected at high concentrations of nanoMIL-89 (> 30 µM). Our findings add novel information into the available data about the in vivo toxicity of nanoMIL-89 and demonstrate its innocuity and safe use in biological, environmental, and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana E. Al-Ansari
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mashael Al-Badr
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zain Z. Zakaria
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Gheyath K. Nasrallah
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Haissam Abou-Saleh
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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39
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Imran M, Chalmel F, Sergent O, Evrard B, Le Mentec H, Legrand A, Dupont A, Bescher M, Bucher S, Fromenty B, Huc L, Sparfel L, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Podechard N. Transcriptomic analysis in zebrafish larvae identifies iron-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction as a possible key event of NAFLD progression induced by benzo[a]pyrene/ethanol co-exposure. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022:10.1007/s10565-022-09706-4. [PMID: 35412187 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09706-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a worldwide epidemic for which environmental contaminants are increasingly recognized as important etiological factors. Among them, the combination of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a potent environmental carcinogen, with ethanol, was shown to induce the transition of steatosis toward steatohepatitis. However, the underlying mechanisms involved remain to be deciphered. In this context, we used high-fat diet fed zebrafish model, in which we previously observed progression of steatosis to a steatohepatitis-like state following a 7-day-co-exposure to 43 mM ethanol and 25 nM B[a]P. Transcriptomic analysis highlighted the potent role of mitochondrial dysfunction, alterations in heme and iron homeostasis, involvement of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling, and oxidative stress. Most of these mRNA dysregulations were validated by RT-qPCR. Moreover, similar changes were observed using a human in vitro hepatocyte model, HepaRG cells. The mitochondria structural and functional alterations were confirmed by transmission electronic microscopy and Seahorse technology, respectively. Involvement of AhR signaling was evidenced by using in vivo an AhR antagonist, CH223191, and in vitro in AhR-knock-out HepaRG cells. Furthermore, as co-exposure was found to increase the levels of both heme and hemin, we investigated if mitochondrial iron could induce oxidative stress. We found that mitochondrial labile iron content was raised in toxicant-exposed larvae. This increase was prevented by the iron chelator, deferoxamine, which also inhibited liver co-exposure toxicity. Overall, these results suggest that the increase in mitochondrial iron content induced by B[a]P/ethanol co-exposure causes mitochondrial dysfunction that contributes to the pathological progression of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France.,Iqra University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Frédéric Chalmel
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Odile Sergent
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Bertrand Evrard
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Hélène Le Mentec
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Antoine Legrand
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Aurélien Dupont
- Univ Rennes, Biosit - UMS 3480, US_S 018, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Maëlle Bescher
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Simon Bucher
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, Inrae, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer)-UMR_S 13 1241, and UMR_A 1341, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Bernard Fromenty
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, Inrae, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer)-UMR_S 13 1241, and UMR_A 1341, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Laurence Huc
- Université de Toulouse, Inrae, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), 31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Lydie Sparfel
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Normand Podechard
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France.
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40
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Tel2 regulates redifferentiation of bipotential progenitor cells via Hhex during zebrafish liver regeneration. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110596. [PMID: 35385752 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon extensive hepatocyte loss or impaired hepatocyte proliferation, liver regeneration occurs via biliary epithelial cell (BEC) transdifferentiation, which includes dedifferentiation of BECs into bipotential progenitor cells (BP-PCs) and then redifferentiation of BP-PCs to nascent hepatocytes and BECs. This BEC-driven liver regeneration involves reactivation of hepatoblast markers, but the underpinning mechanisms and their effects on liver regeneration remain largely unknown. Using a zebrafish extensive hepatocyte ablation model, we perform an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) forward genetic screen and identify a liver regeneration mutant, liver logan (lvl), in which the telomere maintenance 2 (tel2) gene is mutated. During liver regeneration, the tel2 mutation specifically inhibits transcriptional activation of a hepatoblast marker, hematopoietically expressed homeobox (hhex), in BEC-derived cells, which blocks BP-PC redifferentiation. Mechanistic studies show that Tel2 associates with the hhex promoter region and promotes hhex transcription. Our results reveal roles of Tel2 in the BP-PC redifferentiation process of liver regeneration by activating hhex.
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41
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Song P, Jiang N, Zhang K, Li X, Li N, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Wang J. Ecotoxicological evaluation of zebrafish liver (Danio rerio) induced by dibutyl phthalate. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 425:128027. [PMID: 34906872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), one of the most commonly applied plasticizers, has been frequently detected in the aquatic environment, posing potential risks to aquatic organisms. Currently, reports about the toxicity of zebrafish liver with DBP exposure are rare, and the toxic mechanism is still not clear. In this study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were used to explore the ecotoxicological effects of DBP from the physiological, biochemical, genetic, and molecular levels. The results showed oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage occurred in zebrafish liver according to changes in antioxidant enzymes, MDA and 8-OHdG content. AchE activity was always active, and negatively correlated with the DBP concentration. The expression of Cu/Zn-sod and gpx genes were similar to that of antioxidant enzymes from 7 to 21 days, while in the end, the inconsistent result appeared due to the time lag effect in protein modification, gene transcription and translation. Besides, the mRNA abundance of Caspase-3 and p53 were upregulated, showing a "dose-response" relationship. The integrated biomarker reaction indicated that the effects of exposure time on zebrafish liver was 14th day> 28th day> 7th day> 21th day. These results are of great significance to evaluate the toxicological effects and explore the toxic mechanism of DBP on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Song
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China
| | - Nan Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China
| | - Kaiqu Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China
| | - Xianxu Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China
| | - Na Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China
| | - Youai Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China.
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Bolten JS, Pratsinis A, Alter CL, Fricker G, Huwyler J. Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) larva as an in vivo vertebrate model to study renal function. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 322:F280-F294. [PMID: 35037468 PMCID: PMC8858672 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00375.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in using zebrafish (Danio rerio) larva as a vertebrate screening model to study drug disposition. As the pronephric kidney of zebrafish larvae shares high similarity with the anatomy of nephrons in higher vertebrates including humans, we explored in this study whether 3- to 4-day-old zebrafish larvae have a fully functional pronephron. Intravenous injection of fluorescent polyethylene glycol and dextran derivatives of different molecular weight revealed a cutoff of 4.4-7.6 nm in hydrodynamic diameter for passive glomerular filtration, which is in agreement with corresponding values in rodents and humans. Distal tubular reabsorption of a FITC-folate conjugate, covalently modified with PEG2000, via folate receptor 1 was shown. Transport experiments of fluorescent substrates were assessed in the presence and absence of specific inhibitors in the blood systems. Thereby, functional expression in the proximal tubule of organic anion transporter oat (slc22) multidrug resistance-associated protein mrp1 (abcc1), mrp2 (abcc2), mrp4 (abcc4), and zebrafish larva p-glycoprotein analog abcb4 was shown. In addition, nonrenal clearance of fluorescent substrates and plasma protein binding characteristics were assessed in vivo. The results of transporter experiments were confirmed by extrapolation to ex vivo experiments in killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) proximal kidney tubules. We conclude that the zebrafish larva has a fully functional pronephron at 96 h postfertilization and is therefore an attractive translational vertebrate screening model to bridge the gap between cell culture-based test systems and pharmacokinetic experiments in higher vertebrates.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The study of renal function remains a challenge. In vitro cell-based assays are approved to study, e.g., ABC/SLC-mediated drug transport but do not cover other renal functions such as glomerular filtration. Here, in vivo studies combined with in vitro assays are needed, which are time consuming and expensive. In view of these limitations, our proof-of-concept study demonstrates that the zebrafish larva is a translational in vivo test model that allows for mechanistic investigations to study renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Stephan Bolten
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anna Pratsinis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Luca Alter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gert Fricker
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Salsbury Cove, Bar Harbor, Maine
| | - Jörg Huwyler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Salsbury Cove, Bar Harbor, Maine
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Medkova D, Lakdawala P, Hodkovicova N, Blahova J, Faldyna M, Mares J, Vaclavik J, Doubkova V, Hollerova A, Svobodova Z. Effects of different pharmaceutical residues on embryos of fish species native to Central Europe. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132915. [PMID: 34788676 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Environmental concentrations of pharmacologically active substances are increasing dramatically throughout the world, to the point where they are now considered a serious threat to the aquatic environment. This high occurrence of pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment is due to an increase in i) the prescription and consumption of drugs, and ii) their subsequent discharge into wastewater and its imperfect purification in wastewater treatment plants. Recent surveys have clearly shown that such substances can have serious negative effects on non-target organisms. In the present study, we tested the effects of several commonly used pharmaceuticals, such as antidepressants, analgesics and antibiotics, on the embryonic stages of different fishes. Specifically, we applied concentration ranges of tramadol, enrofloxacin and nortriptylined on a common toxicological model organism, the zebrafish (Danio rerio), and other species native to Central European freshwaters, i.e. common carp (Cyprinus carpio), catfish (Silurus glanis) and tench (Tinca tinca). Our results show that, though malformation and negative impacts on hatching and mortality were only observed at the highest test concentrations, gene expression indicated that even low environmentally relevant concentrations (0.1 μg/L) can cause significant changes in early development of embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Medkova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Faculty of Agrisciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavla Lakdawala
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nikola Hodkovicova
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Blahova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Faldyna
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Mares
- Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Faculty of Agrisciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Vaclavik
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Doubkova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Hollerova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Svobodova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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Hadjittofi C, Feretis M, Martin J, Harper S, Huguet E. Liver regeneration biology: Implications for liver tumour therapies. World J Clin Oncol 2021; 12:1101-1156. [PMID: 35070734 PMCID: PMC8716989 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v12.i12.1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver has remarkable regenerative potential, with the capacity to regenerate after 75% hepatectomy in humans and up to 90% hepatectomy in some rodent models, enabling it to meet the challenge of diverse injury types, including physical trauma, infection, inflammatory processes, direct toxicity, and immunological insults. Current understanding of liver regeneration is based largely on animal research, historically in large animals, and more recently in rodents and zebrafish, which provide powerful genetic manipulation experimental tools. Whilst immensely valuable, these models have limitations in extrapolation to the human situation. In vitro models have evolved from 2-dimensional culture to complex 3 dimensional organoids, but also have shortcomings in replicating the complex hepatic micro-anatomical and physiological milieu. The process of liver regeneration is only partially understood and characterized by layers of complexity. Liver regeneration is triggered and controlled by a multitude of mitogens acting in autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine ways, with much redundancy and cross-talk between biochemical pathways. The regenerative response is variable, involving both hypertrophy and true proliferative hyperplasia, which is itself variable, including both cellular phenotypic fidelity and cellular trans-differentiation, according to the type of injury. Complex interactions occur between parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells, and regeneration is affected by the status of the liver parenchyma, with differences between healthy and diseased liver. Finally, the process of termination of liver regeneration is even less well understood than its triggers. The complexity of liver regeneration biology combined with limited understanding has restricted specific clinical interventions to enhance liver regeneration. Moreover, manipulating the fundamental biochemical pathways involved would require cautious assessment, for fear of unintended consequences. Nevertheless, current knowledge provides guiding principles for strategies to optimise liver regeneration potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Hadjittofi
- University Department of Surgery, Addenbrookes Hospital, NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research and Academic Health Sciences Center, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Feretis
- University Department of Surgery, Addenbrookes Hospital, NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research and Academic Health Sciences Center, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Martin
- University Department of Surgery, Addenbrookes Hospital, NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research and Academic Health Sciences Center, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Harper
- University Department of Surgery, Addenbrookes Hospital, NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research and Academic Health Sciences Center, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanuel Huguet
- University Department of Surgery, Addenbrookes Hospital, NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research and Academic Health Sciences Center, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
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Migdał M, Tralle E, Nahia KA, Bugajski Ł, Kędzierska KZ, Garbicz F, Piwocka K, Winata CL, Pawlak M. Multi-omics analyses of early liver injury reveals cell-type-specific transcriptional and epigenomic shift. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:904. [PMID: 34920711 PMCID: PMC8684102 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver fibrosis is a wound-healing response to tissue injury and inflammation hallmarked by the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein deposition in the liver parenchyma and tissue remodelling. Different cell types of the liver are known to play distinct roles in liver injury response. Hepatocytes and liver endothelial cells receive molecular signals indicating tissue injury and activate hepatic stellate cells which produce ECM proteins upon their activation. Despite the growing knowledge on the molecular mechanism underlying hepatic fibrosis in general, the cell-type-specific gene regulatory network associated with the initial response to hepatotoxic injury is still poorly characterized. Results In this study, we used thioacetamide (TAA) to induce hepatic injury in adult zebrafish. We isolated three major liver cell types - hepatocytes, endothelial cells and hepatic stellate cells - and identified cell-type-specific chromatin accessibility and transcriptional changes in an early stage of liver injury. We found that TAA induced transcriptional shifts in all three cell types hallmarked by significant alterations in the expression of genes related to fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as immune response-associated and vascular-specific genes. Interestingly, liver endothelial cells exhibit the most pronounced response to liver injury at the transcriptome and chromatin level, hallmarked by the loss of their angiogenic phenotype. Conclusion Our results uncovered cell-type-specific transcriptome and epigenome responses to early stage liver injury, which provide valuable insights into understanding the molecular mechanism implicated in the early response of the liver to pro-fibrotic signals. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-08173-1.
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46
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Bauer B, Mally A, Liedtke D. Zebrafish Embryos and Larvae as Alternative Animal Models for Toxicity Testing. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13417. [PMID: 34948215 PMCID: PMC8707050 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prerequisite to any biological laboratory assay employing living animals is consideration about its necessity, feasibility, ethics and the potential harm caused during an experiment. The imperative of these thoughts has led to the formulation of the 3R-principle, which today is a pivotal scientific standard of animal experimentation worldwide. The rising amount of laboratory investigations utilizing living animals throughout the last decades, either for regulatory concerns or for basic science, demands the development of alternative methods in accordance with 3R to help reduce experiments in mammals. This demand has resulted in investigation of additional vertebrate species displaying favourable biological properties. One prominent species among these is the zebrafish (Danio rerio), as these small laboratory ray-finned fish are well established in science today and feature outstanding biological characteristics. In this review, we highlight the advantages and general prerequisites of zebrafish embryos and larvae before free-feeding stages for toxicological testing, with a particular focus on cardio-, neuro, hepato- and nephrotoxicity. Furthermore, we discuss toxicokinetics, current advances in utilizing zebrafish for organ toxicity testing and highlight how advanced laboratory methods (such as automation, advanced imaging and genetic techniques) can refine future toxicological studies in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Bauer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Julius-Maximilians-University, 97078 Würzburg, Germany; (B.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Angela Mally
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Julius-Maximilians-University, 97078 Würzburg, Germany; (B.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Daniel Liedtke
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius-Maximilians-University, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Head B, Traber MG. Expanding role of vitamin E in protection against metabolic dysregulation: Insights gained from model systems, especially the developing nervous system of zebrafish embryos. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 176:80-91. [PMID: 34555455 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses why the embryo requires vitamin E (VitE) and shows that its lack causes metabolic dysregulation and impacts morphological changes at very early stages in development, which occur prior to when a woman knows she is pregnant. VitE halts the chain reactions of lipid peroxidation (LPO). Metabolomic analyses indicate that thiols become depleted in E- embryos because LPO generates products that require compensation using limited amino acids and methyl donors that are also developmentally relevant. Thus, VitE protects metabolic networks and the integrated gene expression networks that control development. VitE is critical especially for neurodevelopment, which is dependent on trafficking by the α-tocopherol transfer protein (TTPa). VitE-deficient (E-) zebrafish embryos initially appear normal, but by 12 and 24 h post-fertilization (hpf) E- embryos are developmentally abnormal with expression of pax2a and sox10 mis-localized in the midbrain-hindbrain boundary, neural crest cells and throughout the spinal neurons. These patterning defects indicate cells that are especially in need of VitE-protection. They precede obvious morphological abnormalities (cranial-facial malformation, pericardial edema, yolksac edema, skewed body-axis) and impaired behavioral responses to locomotor activity tests. The TTPA gene (ttpa) is expressed at the leading edges of the brain ventricle border. Ttpa knockdown using morpholinos is 100% lethal by 24 hpf, while E- embryo brains are often over- or under-inflated at 24 hpf. Further, E- embryos prior to 24 hpf have increased expression of genes involved in glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway, and decreased expression of genes involved in anabolic pathways and transcription. Combined data from both gene expression and the metabolome in E- embryos at 24 hpf suggest that the activity of the mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is decreased, which may impact both metabolism and neurodevelopment. Further evaluation of VitE deficiency in neurogenesis and its subsequent impact on learning and behavior is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Head
- Linus Pauling Institute, Corvallis, OR, USA; Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Maret G Traber
- Linus Pauling Institute, Corvallis, OR, USA; School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
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Qiang W, Shen T, Noman M, Guo J, Jin Z, Lin D, Pan J, Lu H, Li X, Gong F. Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Augments Autophagy and Reduces Apoptosis in Damaged Liver to Improve Tissue Regeneration in Zebrafish. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:756743. [PMID: 34746149 PMCID: PMC8570170 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.756743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of a part of the diseased liver after surgical resection is mainly achieved by the proliferation of the remaining healthy liver cells. However, in case of extreme loss of liver cells or in the final stages of chronic liver disease, most liver cells are depleted or lose their ability to proliferate. Therefore, to foster liver regeneration, it is of great clinical and scientific significance to improve the survival and proliferation ability of residual hepatocytes. In this study, we conducted experiments on a zebrafish model of targeted ablation of liver cells to clarify the role of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). We found that FGF21 increased the regeneration area of the damaged liver and improved the survival rate of damaged liver cells by inhibiting cell apoptosis and reducing oxidative stress. Our results also showed that administration of FGF21 upregulated autophagy, and the beneficial effects of FGF21 were reversed by the well-known autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ), indicating that FGF21-activated autophagy played a central role in the treatment. We further showed that the enhancement of autophagy induced by FGF21 was due to the activation of the AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway. Taken together, these data provide new evidence that FGF21 is an effective autophagy regulator that can significantly improve the survival of damaged livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Qiang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianzhu Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Noman
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinnan Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhongqian Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Danfeng Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiaxuan Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Center for Drug Screening and Research, College of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
- Center for Developmental Biology of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fanghua Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Li X, Song G, Zhao Y, Ren J, Li Q, Cui Z. Functions of SMC2 in the Development of Zebrafish Liver. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091240. [PMID: 34572426 PMCID: PMC8465584 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
SMC2 (structural maintenance of chromosomes 2) is the core subunit of condensins, which play a central role in chromosome organization and segregation. However, the functions of SMC2 in embryonic development remain poorly understood, due to the embryonic lethality of homozygous SMC2−/− mice. Herein, we explored the roles of SMC2 in the liver development of zebrafish. The depletion of SMC2, with the CRISPR/Cas9-dependent gene knockout approach, led to a small liver phenotype. The specification of hepatoblasts was unaffected. Mechanistically, extensive apoptosis occurred in the liver of SMC2 mutants, which was mainly associated with the activation of the p53-dependent apoptotic pathway. Moreover, an aberrant activation of a series of apoptotic pathways in SMC2 mutants was involved in the defective chromosome segregation and subsequent DNA damage. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that SMC2 is necessary for zebrafish liver development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (X.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Guili Song
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (G.S.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.)
| | - Yasong Zhao
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (G.S.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.)
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (X.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Qing Li
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (G.S.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.)
| | - Zongbin Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (X.L.); (J.R.)
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (G.S.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-020-87137656
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50
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Choe CP, Choi SY, Kee Y, Kim MJ, Kim SH, Lee Y, Park HC, Ro H. Transgenic fluorescent zebrafish lines that have revolutionized biomedical research. Lab Anim Res 2021; 37:26. [PMID: 34496973 PMCID: PMC8424172 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-021-00103-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its debut in the biomedical research fields in 1981, zebrafish have been used as a vertebrate model organism in more than 40,000 biomedical research studies. Especially useful are zebrafish lines expressing fluorescent proteins in a molecule, intracellular organelle, cell or tissue specific manner because they allow the visualization and tracking of molecules, intracellular organelles, cells or tissues of interest in real time and in vivo. In this review, we summarize representative transgenic fluorescent zebrafish lines that have revolutionized biomedical research on signal transduction, the craniofacial skeletal system, the hematopoietic system, the nervous system, the urogenital system, the digestive system and intracellular organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Pyo Choe
- Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.,Division of Applied Life Science, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Yong Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kee
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Hyung Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences and Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsung Lee
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Chul Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, 15355, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Ro
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
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