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Gölz L, Pannetier P, Fagundes T, Knörr S, Behnstedt L, Coordes S, Matthiessen P, Morthorst J, Vergauwen L, Knapen D, Holbech H, Braunbeck T, Baumann L. Development of the integrated fish endocrine disruptor test-Part B: Implementation of thyroid-related endpoints. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024; 20:830-845. [PMID: 37578010 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Given the vital role of thyroid hormones (THs) in vertebrate development, it is essential to identify chemicals that interfere with the TH system. Whereas, among nonmammalian laboratory animals, fish are the most frequently utilized test species in endocrine disruptor research, for example, in guidelines for the detection of effects on the sex hormone system, there is no test guideline (TG) using fish as models for thyroid-related effects; rather, amphibians are used. Therefore, the objective of the present project was to integrate thyroid-related endpoints for fish into a test protocol combining OECD TGs 229 (Fish Short-Term Reproduction Assay) and 234 (Fish Sexual Development Test). The resulting integrated Fish Endocrine Disruption Test (iFEDT) was designed as a comprehensive approach to covering sexual differentiation, early development, and reproduction and to identifying disruption not only of the sexual and/or reproductive system but also the TH system. Two 85-day exposure tests were performed using different well-studied endocrine disruptors: 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2). Whereas the companion Part A of this study presents the findings on effects by PTU and EE2 on endpoints established in existing TGs, the present Part B discusses effects on novel thyroid-related endpoints such as TH levels, thyroid follicle histopathology, and eye development. 6-Propyl-2-thiouracil induced a massive proliferation of thyroid follicles in any life stage, and histopathological changes in the eyes proved to be highly sensitive for TH system disruption especially in younger life stages. For measurement of THs, further methodological development is required. 17-α-Ethinylestradiol demonstrated not only the well-known disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, but also induced effects on thyroid follicles in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to higher EE2 concentrations, suggesting crosstalk between endocrine axes. The novel iFEDT has thus proven capable of simultaneously capturing endocrine disruption of both the steroid and thyroid endocrine systems. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:830-845. © 2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Gölz
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pauline Pannetier
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Site de Plouzané, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail, Plouzané, France
| | - Teresa Fagundes
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Knörr
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Behnstedt
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sara Coordes
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Jane Morthorst
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Zebrafishlab, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Zebrafishlab, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Henrik Holbech
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas Braunbeck
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Baumann
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Section Environmental Health & Toxicology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Pannetier P, Gölz L, Pissarreira Mendes Fagundes MT, Knörr S, Behnstedt L, Coordes S, Matthiessen P, Morthorst JE, Vergauwen L, Knapen D, Holbech H, Braunbeck T, Baumann L. Development of the integrated fish endocrine disruptor test (iFEDT)-Part A: Merging of existing fish test guidelines. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024; 20:817-829. [PMID: 37483114 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
There has been increasing interest in endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) among scientists and public authorities over the last 30 years, notably because of their wide use and the increasing evidence of detrimental effects on humans and the environment. However, test systems for the detection of potential EDCs as well as testing strategies still require optimization. Thus, the aim of the present project was the development of an integrated test protocol that merges the existing OECD test guidelines (TGs) 229 (fish short-term reproduction assay) and 234 (fish sexual development test) and implements thyroid-related endpoints for fish. The integrated fish endocrine disruptor test (iFEDT) represents a comprehensive approach for fish testing, which covers reproduction, early development, and sexual differentiation, and will thus allow the identification of multiple endocrine-disruptive effects in fish. Using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model organism, two exposure tests were performed with well-studied EDCs: 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU), an inhibitor of thyroid hormone synthesis, and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), an estrogen receptor agonist. In part A of this article, the effects of PTU and EE2 on established endpoints of the two existing TGs are reported, whereas part B focuses on the novel thyroid-related endpoints. Results of part A document that, as expected, both PTU and EE2 had strong effects on various endocrine-related endpoints in zebrafish and their offspring. Merging of TGs 229 and 234 proved feasible, and all established biomarkers and endpoints were responsive as expected, including reproductive and morphometric changes (PTU and EE2), vitellogenin levels, sex ratio, gonad maturation, and histopathology (only for EE2) of different life stages. A validation of the iFEDT with other well-known EDCs will allow verification of the sensitivity and usability and confirm its capacity to improve the existing testing strategy for EDCs in fish. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:817-829. © 2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Pannetier
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Site de Plouzané, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail, Plouzané, France
| | - Lisa Gölz
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Susanne Knörr
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Behnstedt
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sara Coordes
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Jane E Morthorst
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Zebrafishlab, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Zebrafishlab, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Henrik Holbech
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas Braunbeck
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Baumann
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Section Environmental Health and Toxicology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Braeuning A, Balaguer P, Bourguet W, Carreras-Puigvert J, Feiertag K, Kamstra JH, Knapen D, Lichtenstein D, Marx-Stoelting P, Rietdijk J, Schubert K, Spjuth O, Stinckens E, Thedieck K, van den Boom R, Vergauwen L, von Bergen M, Wewer N, Zalko D. Corrigendum: Development of new approach methods for the identification and characterization of endocrine metabolic disruptors-a PARC project. Front Toxicol 2024; 6:1394396. [PMID: 38590784 PMCID: PMC11000267 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2024.1394396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1212509.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Braeuning
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- IRCM (Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier), Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France
| | - William Bourguet
- CBS Centre de Biologie Structurale, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Jordi Carreras-Puigvert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katreece Feiertag
- Department of Pesticides Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jorke H. Kamstra
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dajana Lichtenstein
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip Marx-Stoelting
- Department of Pesticides Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonne Rietdijk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kristin Schubert
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ola Spjuth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Evelyn Stinckens
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Kathrin Thedieck
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rik van den Boom
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Neele Wewer
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Zalko
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, Institut National de Recherche Pour L’Agriculture, L’Alimentation et L’Environnement (INARE), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
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4
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Jaylet T, Coustillet T, Smith NM, Viviani B, Lindeman B, Vergauwen L, Myhre O, Yarar N, Gostner JM, Monfort-Lanzas P, Jornod F, Holbech H, Coumoul X, Sarigiannis DA, Antczak P, Bal-Price A, Fritsche E, Kuchovska E, Stratidakis AK, Barouki R, Kim MJ, Taboureau O, Wojewodzic MW, Knapen D, Audouze K. Comprehensive mapping of the AOP-Wiki database: identifying biological and disease gaps. Front Toxicol 2024; 6:1285768. [PMID: 38523647 PMCID: PMC10958381 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2024.1285768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) concept facilitates rapid hazard assessment for human health risks. AOPs are constantly evolving, their number is growing, and they are referenced in the AOP-Wiki database, which is supported by the OECD. Here, we present a study that aims at identifying well-defined biological areas, as well as gaps within the AOP-Wiki for future research needs. It does not intend to provide a systematic and comprehensive summary of the available literature on AOPs but summarizes and maps biological knowledge and diseases represented by the already developed AOPs (with OECD endorsed status or under validation). Methods: Knowledge from the AOP-Wiki database were extracted and prepared for analysis using a multi-step procedure. An automatic mapping of the existing information on AOPs (i.e., genes/proteins and diseases) was performed using bioinformatics tools (i.e., overrepresentation analysis using Gene Ontology and DisGeNET), allowing both the classification of AOPs and the development of AOP networks (AOPN). Results: AOPs related to diseases of the genitourinary system, neoplasms and developmental anomalies are the most frequently investigated on the AOP-Wiki. An evaluation of the three priority cases (i.e., immunotoxicity and non-genotoxic carcinogenesis, endocrine and metabolic disruption, and developmental and adult neurotoxicity) of the EU-funded PARC project (Partnership for the Risk Assessment of Chemicals) are presented. These were used to highlight under- and over-represented adverse outcomes and to identify and prioritize gaps for further research. Discussion: These results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the adverse effects associated with the molecular events in AOPs, and aid in refining risk assessment for stressors and mitigation strategies. Moreover, the FAIRness (i.e., data which meets principles of findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability (FAIR)) of the AOPs appears to be an important consideration for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jaylet
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm UMR-S 1124 T3S, Paris, France
| | | | - Nicola M. Smith
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Climate and Environment, Oslo, Norway
| | - Barbara Viviani
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Birgitte Lindeman
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Climate and Environment, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Oddvar Myhre
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Climate and Environment, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nurettin Yarar
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Climate and Environment, Oslo, Norway
| | - Johanna M. Gostner
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Pablo Monfort-Lanzas
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Henrik Holbech
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm UMR-S 1124 T3S, Paris, France
| | - Dimosthenis A. Sarigiannis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Science, Technology and Society Department, Environmental Health Engineering, University School for Advanced Studies (IUSS), Pavia, Italy
| | - Philipp Antczak
- Department II of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna Bal-Price
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Ellen Fritsche
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
- Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology, Basel, Switzerland
- DNTOX GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eliska Kuchovska
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Antonios K. Stratidakis
- Science, Technology and Society Department, Environmental Health Engineering, University School for Advanced Studies (IUSS), Pavia, Italy
| | - Robert Barouki
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm UMR-S 1124 T3S, Paris, France
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Inserm UMR-S 1124, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Taboureau
- Université Paris Cité, BFA, Team CMPLI, Inserm U1133, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Marcin W. Wojewodzic
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Climate and Environment, Oslo, Norway
- Cancer Registry of Norway, NIPH, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Karine Audouze
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm UMR-S 1124 T3S, Paris, France
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van den Boom R, Vergauwen L, Koedijk N, da Silva KM, Covaci A, Knapen D. Combined western diet and bisphenol A exposure induces an oxidative stress-based paraoxonase 1 response in larval zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 274:109758. [PMID: 37757927 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an antioxidant enzyme linked to metabolic disorders by genome-wide association studies in humans. Exposure to metabolic disrupting chemicals (MDCs) such as bisphenol A (BPA), together with genetic and dietary factors, can increase the risk of metabolic disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate how PON1 responds to the metabolic changes and oxidative stress caused by a western diet, and whether exposure to BPA alters the metabolic and PON1 responses. Zebrafish larvae at 14 days post fertilization were fed a custom-made western diet with and without aquatic exposure to two concentrations of BPA for 5 days. A combination of western diet and 150 μg/L BPA exposure resulted in a stepwise increase in weight, length and oxidative stress, suggesting that BPA amplifies the western diet-induced metabolic shift. PON1 arylesterase activity was increased in all western diet and BPA exposure groups and PON1 lactonase activity was increased when western diet was combined with exposure to 1800 μg/L BPA. Both PON1 activities were positively correlated to oxidative stress. Based on our observations we hypothesize that a western diet caused a shift towards fatty acid-based metabolism, which was increased by BPA exposure. This shift resulted in increased oxidative stress, which in turn was associated with a PON1 activity increase as an antioxidant response. This is the first exploration of PON1 responses to metabolic challenges in zebrafish, and the first study of PON1 in the context of MDC exposure in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik van den Boom
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Noortje Koedijk
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Katyeny Manuela da Silva
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
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6
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Haigis AC, Vergauwen L, LaLone CA, Villeneuve DL, O'Brien JM, Knapen D. Cross-species applicability of an adverse outcome pathway network for thyroid hormone system disruption. Toxicol Sci 2023; 195:1-27. [PMID: 37405877 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone system disrupting compounds are considered potential threats for human and environmental health. Multiple adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) for thyroid hormone system disruption (THSD) are being developed in different taxa. Combining these AOPs results in a cross-species AOP network for THSD which may provide an evidence-based foundation for extrapolating THSD data across vertebrate species and bridging the gap between human and environmental health. This review aimed to advance the description of the taxonomic domain of applicability (tDOA) in the network to improve its utility for cross-species extrapolation. We focused on the molecular initiating events (MIEs) and adverse outcomes (AOs) and evaluated both their plausible domain of applicability (taxa they are likely applicable to) and empirical domain of applicability (where evidence for applicability to various taxa exists) in a THSD context. The evaluation showed that all MIEs in the AOP network are applicable to mammals. With some exceptions, there was evidence of structural conservation across vertebrate taxa and especially for fish and amphibians, and to a lesser extent for birds, empirical evidence was found. Current evidence supports the applicability of impaired neurodevelopment, neurosensory development (eg, vision) and reproduction across vertebrate taxa. The results of this tDOA evaluation are summarized in a conceptual AOP network that helps prioritize (parts of) AOPs for a more detailed evaluation. In conclusion, this review advances the tDOA description of an existing THSD AOP network and serves as a catalog summarizing plausible and empirical evidence on which future cross-species AOP development and tDOA assessment could build.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Cathrin Haigis
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Carlie A LaLone
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA
| | - Daniel L Villeneuve
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA
| | - Jason M O'Brien
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
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7
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Van Dingenen I, Vergauwen L, Haigis AC, Blackwell BR, Stacy E, Villeneuve DL, Knapen D. Deiodinase inhibition impairs the formation of the three posterior swim bladder tissue layers during early embryonic development in zebrafish. Aquat Toxicol 2023; 261:106632. [PMID: 37451188 PMCID: PMC10949247 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone system disruption (THSD) negatively affects multiple developmental processes and organs. In fish, inhibition of deiodinases, which are enzymes crucial for (in)activating thyroid hormones (THs), leads to impaired swim bladder inflation. Until now, the underlying mechanism has remained largely unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the process during swim bladder development that is impacted by deiodinase inhibition. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 6 mg/L iopanoic acid (IOP), a model deiodinase inhibitor, during 8 different exposure windows (0-60, 60-120, 24-48, 48-72, 72-96, 96-120, 72-120 and 0-120 h post fertilization (hpf)). Exposure windows were chosen based on the three stages of swim bladder development: budding (24-48 hpf), pre-inflation, i.e., the formation of the swim bladder tissue layers (48-72 hpf), and inflation phase (72-120 hpf). Exposures prior to 72 hpf, during either the budding or pre-inflation phase (or both), impaired swim bladder inflation, while exposure during the inflation phase did not. Based on our results, we hypothesize that DIO inhibition before 72 hpf leads to a local decrease in T3 levels in the developing swim bladder. Gene transcript analysis showed that these TH level alterations disturb both Wnt and hedgehog signaling, known to be essential for swim bladder formation, eventually resulting in impaired development of the swim bladder tissue layers. Improper development of the swim bladder impairs swim bladder inflation, leading to reduced swimming performance. This study demonstrates that deiodinase inhibition impacts processes underlying the formation of the swim bladder and not the inflation process, suggesting that these processes primarily rely on maternal rather than endogenously synthetized THs since TH measurements showed that THs were not endogenously synthetized during the sensitive period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imke Van Dingenen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
| | - Ann-Cathrin Haigis
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
| | - Brett R Blackwell
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN 55804, United States
| | - Emma Stacy
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN 55804, United States
| | - Daniel L Villeneuve
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN 55804, United States
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium.
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Braeuning A, Balaguer P, Bourguet W, Carreras-Puigvert J, Feiertag K, Kamstra JH, Knapen D, Lichtenstein D, Marx-Stoelting P, Rietdijk J, Schubert K, Spjuth O, Stinckens E, Thedieck K, van den Boom R, Vergauwen L, von Bergen M, Wewer N, Zalko D. Development of new approach methods for the identification and characterization of endocrine metabolic disruptors-a PARC project. Front Toxicol 2023; 5:1212509. [PMID: 37456981 PMCID: PMC10349382 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1212509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In past times, the analysis of endocrine disrupting properties of chemicals has mainly been focused on (anti-)estrogenic or (anti-)androgenic properties, as well as on aspects of steroidogenesis and the modulation of thyroid signaling. More recently, disruption of energy metabolism and related signaling pathways by exogenous substances, so-called metabolism-disrupting chemicals (MDCs) have come into focus. While general effects such as body and organ weight changes are routinely monitored in animal studies, there is a clear lack of mechanistic test systems to determine and characterize the metabolism-disrupting potential of chemicals. In order to contribute to filling this gap, one of the project within EU-funded Partnership for the Assessment of Risks of Chemicals (PARC) aims at developing novel in vitro methods for the detection of endocrine metabolic disruptors. Efforts will comprise projects related to specific signaling pathways, for example, involving mTOR or xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptors, studies on hepatocytes, adipocytes and pancreatic beta cells covering metabolic and morphological endpoints, as well as metabolism-related zebrafish-based tests as an alternative to classic rodent bioassays. This paper provides an overview of the approaches and methods of these PARC projects and how this will contribute to the improvement of the toxicological toolbox to identify substances with endocrine disrupting properties and to decipher their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Braeuning
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- IRCM (Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier), Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France
| | - William Bourguet
- CBS Centre de Biologie Structurale, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Jordi Carreras-Puigvert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katreece Feiertag
- Department of Pesticides Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jorke H Kamstra
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dajana Lichtenstein
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip Marx-Stoelting
- Department of Pesticides Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonne Rietdijk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kristin Schubert
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ola Spjuth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Evelyn Stinckens
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Kathrin Thedieck
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rik van den Boom
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Neele Wewer
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Zalko
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, Institut National de Recherche Pour L'Agriculture, L'Alimentation et L'Environnement (INARE), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
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9
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Philippe C, Vergauwen L, Huyghe K, De Boeck G, Knapen D. Chronic handling stress in zebrafish Danio rerio husbandry. J Fish Biol 2023. [PMID: 37209397 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The zebrafish (Danio rerio, Hamilton, 1822) is one of the most important fish model species in scientific research, with millions of fish housed in laboratory animal facilities around the world. During husbandry, it is necessary to regularly handle the fish, which could cause short- and long-term stress, possibly affecting both fish welfare and experimental outcomes. In two experiments, we studied effects of transferring adult zebrafish, by chasing them with a net and/or exposing them to air (netting) on different endpoints: cortisol levels, reproduction parameters and behavioural parameters. We used realistic chase and air-exposure times to mimic normal zebrafish husbandry and investigated the potential to habituate to handling stressors. Finally, the potential welfare improvements of a nutritional reward after handling were studied. All types of handling induced a stress response, but we did not find a correlation with the intensity of the stressor. Realistic (short) handling routines also caused stress, both after the first time and after regular handling over a long period of time. Cortisol levels peaked after 15 min, were still elevated after 30 min and dropped to resting level after 60 min. This should be taken into account by researchers when carrying out measurements or behavioural trials within an hour after handling. There is a minor potential benefit of nutritional rewards that may contribute to a faster recovery of normal behaviour. We did not find evidence of habituation to chasing and netting stress. Taking the stress response after handling into consideration will improve fish welfare and health and minimise husbandry-associated sources of variation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Philippe
- Zebrafishlab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Kato Huyghe
- Zebrafishlab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Gudrun De Boeck
- ECOSPHERE, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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10
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Ramhøj L, Axelstad M, Baert Y, Cañas-Portilla AI, Chalmel F, Dahmen L, De La Vieja A, Evrard B, Haigis AC, Hamers T, Heikamp K, Holbech H, Iglesias-Hernandez P, Knapen D, Marchandise L, Morthorst JE, Nikolov NG, Nissen ACVE, Oelgeschlaeger M, Renko K, Rogiers V, Schüürmann G, Stinckens E, Stub MH, Torres-Ruiz M, Van Duursen M, Vanhaecke T, Vergauwen L, Wedebye EB, Svingen T. New approach methods to improve human health risk assessment of thyroid hormone system disruption-a PARC project. Front Toxicol 2023; 5:1189303. [PMID: 37265663 PMCID: PMC10229837 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1189303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Current test strategies to identify thyroid hormone (TH) system disruptors are inadequate for conducting robust chemical risk assessment required for regulation. The tests rely heavily on histopathological changes in rodent thyroid glands or measuring changes in systemic TH levels, but they lack specific new approach methodologies (NAMs) that can adequately detect TH-mediated effects. Such alternative test methods are needed to infer a causal relationship between molecular initiating events and adverse outcomes such as perturbed brain development. Although some NAMs that are relevant for TH system disruption are available-and are currently in the process of regulatory validation-there is still a need to develop more extensive alternative test batteries to cover the range of potential key events along the causal pathway between initial chemical disruption and adverse outcomes in humans. This project, funded under the Partnership for the Assessment of Risk from Chemicals (PARC) initiative, aims to facilitate the development of NAMs that are specific for TH system disruption by characterizing in vivo mechanisms of action that can be targeted by in embryo/in vitro/in silico/in chemico testing strategies. We will develop and improve human-relevant in vitro test systems to capture effects on important areas of the TH system. Furthermore, we will elaborate on important species differences in TH system disruption by incorporating non-mammalian vertebrate test species alongside classical laboratory rat species and human-derived in vitro assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Ramhøj
- Research Group for Molecular and Reproductive Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marta Axelstad
- Research Group for Molecular and Reproductive Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yoni Baert
- Department In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - Ana I. Cañas-Portilla
- Environmental Toxicology Unit from National Center for Environmental Health (CNSA), Endocrine Tumor Unit from UFIEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Frédéric Chalmel
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), Rennes, France
| | - Lars Dahmen
- Department Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonio De La Vieja
- Environmental Toxicology Unit from National Center for Environmental Health (CNSA), Endocrine Tumor Unit from UFIEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bertrand Evrard
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), Rennes, France
| | - Ann-Cathrin Haigis
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Timo Hamers
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kim Heikamp
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Centre for Health Protection (GZB), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Henrik Holbech
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Patricia Iglesias-Hernandez
- Environmental Toxicology Unit from National Center for Environmental Health (CNSA), Endocrine Tumor Unit from UFIEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lorna Marchandise
- Department In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - Jane E. Morthorst
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Nikolai Georgiev Nikolov
- Group for Chemical Risk Assessment and GMO, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ana C. V. E. Nissen
- Group for Chemical Risk Assessment and GMO, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Michael Oelgeschlaeger
- Department Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Kostja Renko
- Department Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Vera Rogiers
- Department In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - Gerrit Schüürmann
- UFZ Department of Ecological Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Evelyn Stinckens
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Mette H. Stub
- Research Group for Molecular and Reproductive Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Monica Torres-Ruiz
- Environmental Toxicology Unit from National Center for Environmental Health (CNSA), Endocrine Tumor Unit from UFIEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Majorie Van Duursen
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tamara Vanhaecke
- Department In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Eva Bay Wedebye
- Group for Chemical Risk Assessment and GMO, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Terje Svingen
- Research Group for Molecular and Reproductive Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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11
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Gölz L, Baumann L, Pannetier P, Braunbeck T, Knapen D, Vergauwen L. AOP Report: Thyroperoxidase Inhibition Leading to Altered Visual Function in Fish Via Altered Retinal Layer Structure. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022; 41:2632-2648. [PMID: 35942927 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (THs) are involved in the regulation of many important physiological and developmental processes, including vertebrate eye development. Thyroid hormone system-disrupting chemicals (THSDCs) may have severe consequences, because proper functioning of the visual system is a key factor for survival in wildlife. However, the sequence of events leading from TH system disruption (THSD) to altered eye development in fish has not yet been fully described. The development of this adverse outcome pathway (AOP) was based on an intensive literature review of studies that focused on THSD and impacts on eye development, mainly in fish. In total, approximately 120 studies (up to the end of 2021) were used in the development of this AOP linking inhibition of the key enzyme for TH synthesis, thyroperoxidase (TPO), to effects on retinal layer structure and visual function in fish (AOP-Wiki, AOP 363). In a weight-of-evidence evaluation, the confidence levels were overall moderate, with ample studies showing the link between reduced TH levels and altered retinal layer structure. However, some uncertainties about the underlying mechanism(s) remain. Although the current weight-of-evidence evaluation is based on fish, the AOP is plausibly applicable to other vertebrate classes. Through the re-use of several building blocks, this AOP is connected to the AOPs leading from TPO and deiodinase inhibition to impaired swim bladder inflation in fish (AOPs 155-159), together forming an AOP network describing THSD in fish. This AOP network addresses the lack of thyroid-related endpoints in existing fish test guidelines for the evaluation of THSDCs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2632-2648. © 2022 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Gölz
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Research Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Baumann
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Research Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pauline Pannetier
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Research Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Braunbeck
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Research Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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12
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da Silva KM, Iturrospe E, van den Boom R, van de Lavoir M, Robeyns R, Vergauwen L, Knapen D, Cuykx M, Covaci A, van Nuijs ALN. Lipidomics profiling of zebrafish liver through untargeted liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:2935-2945. [PMID: 35716100 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Lipidomics analysis of zebrafish tissues has shown promising results to understand disease-related outcomes of exposure to toxic substances at molecular level. However, knowledge about their lipidome is limited, as most untargeted studies only identify the lipids that are statistically significant in their setup. In this work, liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was used to study different aspects of the analytical workflow, i.e., extraction solvents (methanol/chloroform/water (3/2/2, v/v/v), methanol/dichloromethane/water (2/3/2, v/v/v) and methanol/methyl-tert-butyl ether/water (3/10/2.5, v/v/v), instrumental response, and strategies used for lipid annotation. The number of high-quality features (relative standard deviation of the intensity values ≤ 10% in the range 103 -107 counts) was affected by the dilution of lipid extracts, indicating that it is an important parameter for developing untargeted methods. The workflows used allowed the selection of a dilution factor to annotate 712 lipid species (507 bulk lipids) in zebrafish liver using four software (LipidMatch, LipidHunter, MS-DIAL and Lipostar). Retention time mapping was a valuable tool to filter lipid annotations obtained from automatic software annotations. The lipid profiling of zebrafish livers will help in a better understanding of the true constitution of their lipidome at the species level, as well as in the use of zebrafish in toxicological studies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katyeny Manuela da Silva
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
| | - Elias Iturrospe
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium.,Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Campus Jette, Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 103, Brussels, 1090, Belgium
| | - Rik van den Boom
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
| | - Maria van de Lavoir
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
| | - Rani Robeyns
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
| | - Matthias Cuykx
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium.,Department of Laboratory Medicine AZ Turnhout, Rubenslaan 166, Turnhout, 2300, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
| | - Alexander L N van Nuijs
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
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13
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Huybrechts Y, De Ridder R, De Samber B, Boudin E, Tonelli F, Knapen D, Schepers D, De Beenhouwer J, Sijbers J, Forlino A, Mortier G, Coucke P, Witten PE, Kwon R, Willaert A, Hendrickx G, Van Hul W. The sqstm1tmΔUBA zebrafish model, a proof-of-concept in vivo model for Paget’s disease of bone? Bone Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2022.101483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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14
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Audouze K, Zgheib E, Abass K, Baig AH, Forner-Piquer I, Holbech H, Knapen D, Leonards PEG, Lupu DI, Palaniswamy S, Rautio A, Sapounidou M, Martin OV. Evidenced-Based Approaches to Support the Development of Endocrine-Mediated Adverse Outcome Pathways: Challenges and Opportunities. Front Toxicol 2022; 3:787017. [PMID: 35295112 PMCID: PMC8915810 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.787017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elias Zgheib
- Université de Paris, T3S, Inserm U1124, Paris, France
| | - Khaled Abass
- Thule Institute, University of Arctic, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Pesticides, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Asma H Baig
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Isabel Forner-Piquer
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Henrik Holbech
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Pim E G Leonards
- Department of Environment and Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Diana I Lupu
- Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Saranya Palaniswamy
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Arja Rautio
- Thule Institute, University of Arctic, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maria Sapounidou
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Olwenn V Martin
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
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15
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Knapen D. Adverse Outcome Pathways and the Paradox of Complex Simplicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021; 40:2950-2952. [PMID: 34499747 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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16
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Massei R, Knapen D, Covaci A, Blust R, Mayer P, Vergauwen L. Sublethal Effect Concentrations for Nonpolar Narcosis in the Zebrafish Embryo. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021; 40:2802-2812. [PMID: 34288096 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nonpolar narcosis, also known as baseline toxicity, has been described as the minimal toxicity that an organic chemical may elicit based on its lipophilicity. Although lethal effects of narcosis-inducing chemicals (NICs) have been thoroughly investigated, knowledge of sublethal effects is still very limited. We investigated the effects of 3 well-known NICs (phenanthrene, 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene, and pentachlorobenzene) on a variety of organismal endpoints (malformations, swim bladder inflation, respiration, heart rate, swimming activity, and turning angles), which can be plausibly linked to narcosis in zebrafish embryos. Baseline toxicity recorded as mortality is typically observed in similar exposure ranges in a wide variety of species including fish, corresponding to a chemical activity range between 0.01 and 0.1. In the present study, we found that sublethal effects occurred at concentrations approximately 5 times below lethal concentrations. Altered swimming activity and impaired swim bladder inflation were the most sensitive endpoints occurring at exposure levels below the generally accepted threshold for baseline toxicity for 2 out of 3 compounds. Overall, most effective exposure levels across the sublethal endpoints and compounds did fall within the range typically associated with baseline toxicity, and deviations were generally limited to a factor 10. Although there could be benefit in adding sublethal endpoints to toxicity tests, such as the fish embryo acute toxicity (FET) test, based on the present sublethal endpoints and available evidence from our and other studies, the underestimation of toxicity as a result of the sole assessment of mortality as an endpoint in an FET test may be limited for narcosis. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2802-2812. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Massei
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ronny Blust
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Philipp Mayer
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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17
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Svingen T, Villeneuve DL, Knapen D, Panagiotou EM, Draskau MK, Damdimopoulou P, O'Brien JM. A pragmatic approach to Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) development and evaluation. Toxicol Sci 2021; 184:183-190. [PMID: 34534351 PMCID: PMC8633887 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework provides a practical means for organizing scientific knowledge that can be used to infer cause-effect relationships between stressor events and toxicity outcomes in intact organisms. It has reached wide acceptance as a tool to aid chemical safety assessment and regulatory toxicology by supporting a systematic way of predicting adverse health outcomes based on accumulated mechanistic knowledge. A major challenge for broader application of the AOP concept in regulatory toxicology, however, has been developing robust AOPs to a level where they are peer reviewed and accepted. This is because the amount of work required to substantiate the modular units of a complete AOP is considerable, to the point where it can take years from start to finish. To help alleviate this bottleneck, we propose a more pragmatic approach to AOP development whereby the focus becomes on smaller blocks. First, we argue that the key event relationship (KER) should be formally recognized as the core building block of knowledge assembly within the AOP knowledge base (AOP-KB), albeit framing them within full AOPs to ensure regulatory utility. Second, we argue that KERs should be developed using systematic review approaches, but only in cases where the underlying concept does not build on what is considered canonical knowledge. In cases where knowledge is considered canonical, rigorous systematic review approaches should not be required. It is our hope that these approaches will contribute to increasing the pace at which the AOP-KB is populated with AOPs with utility for chemical safety assessors and regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terje Svingen
- Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs, Lyngby, DK, 2800, Denmark
| | - Daniel L Villeneuve
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
| | - Eleftheria Maria Panagiotou
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
| | - Monica Kam Draskau
- Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs, Lyngby, DK, 2800, Denmark
| | - Pauliina Damdimopoulou
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
| | - Jason M O'Brien
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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da Silva KM, Iturrospe E, Bars C, Knapen D, Van Cruchten S, Covaci A, van Nuijs ALN. Mass Spectrometry-Based Zebrafish Toxicometabolomics: A Review of Analytical and Data Quality Challenges. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11090635. [PMID: 34564451 PMCID: PMC8467701 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics has achieved great progress over the last 20 years, and it is currently considered a mature research field. As a result, the number of applications in toxicology, biomarker, and drug discovery has also increased. Toxicometabolomics has emerged as a powerful strategy to provide complementary information to study molecular-level toxic effects, which can be combined with a wide range of toxicological assessments and models. The zebrafish model has gained importance in recent decades as a bridging tool between in vitro assays and mammalian in vivo studies in the field of toxicology. Furthermore, as this vertebrate model is a low-cost system and features highly conserved metabolic pathways found in humans and mammalian models, it is a promising tool for toxicometabolomics. This short review aims to introduce zebrafish researchers interested in understanding the effects of chemical exposure using metabolomics to the challenges and possibilities of the field, with a special focus on toxicometabolomics-based mass spectrometry. The overall goal is to provide insights into analytical strategies to generate and identify high-quality metabolomic experiments focusing on quality management systems (QMS) and the importance of data reporting and sharing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katyeny Manuela da Silva
- Toxicological Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Campus Drie Eiken, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (E.I.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence: (K.M.d.S.); (A.L.N.v.N.)
| | - Elias Iturrospe
- Toxicological Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Campus Drie Eiken, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (E.I.); (A.C.)
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Campus Jette, Free University of Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chloe Bars
- Comparative Perinatal Development, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Campus Drie Eiken, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (C.B.); (S.V.C.)
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Campus Drie Eiken, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Steven Van Cruchten
- Comparative Perinatal Development, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Campus Drie Eiken, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (C.B.); (S.V.C.)
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Campus Drie Eiken, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (E.I.); (A.C.)
| | - Alexander L. N. van Nuijs
- Toxicological Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Campus Drie Eiken, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (E.I.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence: (K.M.d.S.); (A.L.N.v.N.)
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Knapen D, Stinckens E, Cavallin JE, Ankley GT, Holbech H, Villeneuve DL, Vergauwen L. Toward an AOP Network-Based Tiered Testing Strategy for the Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption. Environ Sci Technol 2020; 54:8491-8499. [PMID: 32584560 PMCID: PMC7477622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of environmental pollutants are known to adversely affect the thyroid hormone system, and major gaps have been identified in the tools available for the identification, and the hazard and risk assessment of these thyroid hormone disrupting chemicals. We provide an example of how the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework and associated data generation can address current testing challenges in the context of fish early life stage tests, and fish tests in general. We demonstrate how a suite of assays covering biological processes involved in the underlying toxicological pathways can be implemented in a tiered screening and testing approach for thyroid hormone disruption, using the levels of assessment of the OECD's Conceptual Framework for the Testing and Assessment of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals as a guide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Evelyn Stinckens
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jenna E Cavallin
- Badger Technical Services, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Gerald T Ankley
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Henrik Holbech
- Ecotoxicology Lab, Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Daniel L Villeneuve
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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20
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Stinckens E, Vergauwen L, Blackwell BR, Ankley GT, Villeneuve DL, Knapen D. Effect of Thyroperoxidase and Deiodinase Inhibition on Anterior Swim Bladder Inflation in the Zebrafish. Environ Sci Technol 2020; 54:6213-6223. [PMID: 32320227 PMCID: PMC7477623 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A set of adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) linking inhibition of thyroperoxidase and deiodinase to impaired swim bladder inflation in fish has recently been developed. These AOPs help to establish links between these thyroid hormone (TH) disrupting molecular events and adverse outcomes relevant to aquatic ecological risk assessment. Until now, very little data on the effects of TH disruption on inflation of the anterior chamber (AC) of the swim bladder were available. The present study used zebrafish exposure experiments with three model compounds with distinct thyroperoxidase and deiodinase inhibition potencies (methimazole, iopanoic acid, and propylthiouracil) to evaluate this linkage. Exposure to all three chemicals decreased whole body triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations, either through inhibition of thyroxine (T4) synthesis or through inhibition of Dio mediated conversion of T4 to T3. A quantitative relationship between reduced T3 and reduced AC inflation was established, a critical key event relationship linking impaired swim bladder inflation to TH disruption. Reduced inflation of the AC was directly linked to reductions in swimming distance compared to controls as well as to chemical-exposed fish whose ACs inflated. Together the data provide compelling support for AOPs linking TH disruption to impaired AC inflation in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Stinckens
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Brett R. Blackwell
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Gerald T. Ankley
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Daniel L. Villeneuve
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
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21
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Baumann L, Segner H, Ros A, Knapen D, Vergauwen L. Thyroid Hormone Disruptors Interfere with Molecular Pathways of Eye Development and Function in Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071543. [PMID: 30934780 PMCID: PMC6479403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of thyroid hormone disrupting chemicals (THDCs) on eye development of zebrafish were investigated. We expected THDC exposure to cause transcriptional changes of vision-related genes, which find their phenotypic anchoring in eye malformations and dysfunction, as observed in our previous studies. Zebrafish were exposed from 0 to 5 days post fertilization (dpf) to either propylthiouracil (PTU), a thyroid hormone synthesis inhibitor, or tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA), which interacts with thyroid hormone receptors. Full genome microarray analyses of RNA isolated from eye tissue revealed that the number of affected transcripts was substantially higher in PTU- than in TBBPA-treated larvae. However, multiple components of phototransduction (e.g., phosphodiesterase, opsins) were responsive to both THDC exposures. Yet, the response pattern for the gene ontology (GO)-class "sensory perception" differed between treatments, with over 90% down-regulation in PTU-exposed fish, compared to over 80% up-regulation in TBBPA-exposed fish. Additionally, the reversibility of effects after recovery in clean water for three days was investigated. Transcriptional patterns in the eyes were still altered and partly overlapped between 5 and 8 dpf, showing that no full recovery occurred within the time period investigated. However, pathways involved in repair mechanisms were significantly upregulated, which indicates activation of regeneration processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Baumann
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Helmut Segner
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Albert Ros
- Fischereiforschungsstelle LAZBW, Argenweg 50/1, 88085 Langenargen, Germany.
| | - Dries Knapen
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Zebrafishlab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2160 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Zebrafishlab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2160 Wilrijk, Belgium.
- Department of Biology, Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
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22
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Michiels EDG, Vergauwen L, Lai FY, Town RM, Covaci A, van Nuijs ALN, Van Cruchten SJ, Knapen D. Advancing the Zebrafish embryo test for endocrine disruptor screening using micro-injection: Ethinyl estradiol as a case study. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019; 38:533-547. [PMID: 30569562 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fish (embryo) toxicity test guidelines are mostly based on aquatic exposures. However, in some cases, other exposure routes can be more practical and relevant. Micro-injection into the yolk of fish embryos could offer a particular advantage for administering hydrophobic compounds, such as many endocrine disruptors. Single-dose micro-injection was compared with continuous aquatic exposure in terms of compound accumulation and biological responses. 17α-Ethinyl estradiol (EE2) was used as a model compound. First, the optimal solvent and droplet size were optimized, and needle variation was assessed. Next, biological endpoints were evaluated. The accumulated internal dose of EE2 decreased over time in both exposure scenarios. Estrogen receptor activation was concentration/injected dose dependent, increased daily, and was related to esr2b transcription. Transcription of vitellogenin 1 (vtg1) and brain aromatase (cyp19a1b) was induced in both scenarios, but the cyp19a1b transcription pattern differed between routes. Injection caused an increase in cyp19a1b transcripts from 48 hours post fertilization (hpf) onward, whereas after aquatic exposure the main increase occurred between 96 and 120 hpf. Some malformations only occurred after injection, whereas others were present for both scenarios. We conclude that responses can differ between exposure routes and therefore micro-injection is not a direct substitute for, but can be complementary to aquatic exposure. Nevertheless, vtg1and cyp19a1b transcription and estrogen receptor activation are suitable biomarkers for endocrine disruptor screening in both scenarios. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:533-547. © 2018 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen D G Michiels
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Foon Yin Lai
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Raewyn M Town
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Alexander L N van Nuijs
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Steven J Van Cruchten
- Applied Veterinary Morphology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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23
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Bars C, Verbueken E, Periz-Stanaćev J, Vergauwen L, Michiels E, Stinckens E, Gabriëls I, Knapen D, Van Ginneken C, Van Cruchten S. Developmental expression of genes involved in the metabolism and transport of xenobiotics in the zebrafish from the embryonic until the juvenile stage. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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24
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Vergauwen L, Cavallin JE, Ankley GT, Bars C, Gabriëls IJ, Michiels EDG, Fitzpatrick KR, Periz-Stanacev J, Randolph EC, Robinson SL, Saari TW, Schroeder AL, Stinckens E, Swintek J, Van Cruchten SJ, Verbueken E, Villeneuve DL, Knapen D. Gene transcription ontogeny of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis development in early-life stage fathead minnow and zebrafish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 266:87-100. [PMID: 29733815 PMCID: PMC6540109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis is known to play a crucial role in the development of teleost fish. However, knowledge of endogenous transcription profiles of thyroid-related genes in developing teleosts remains fragmented. We selected two model teleost species, the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) and the zebrafish (Danio rerio), to compare the gene transcription ontogeny of the HPT axis. Control organisms were sampled at several time points during embryonic and larval development until 33 days post-fertilization. Total RNA was extracted from pooled, whole fish, and thyroid-related mRNA expression was evaluated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Gene transcripts examined included: thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor (trhr), thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (tshr), sodium-iodide symporter (nis), thyroid peroxidase (tpo), thyroglobulin (tg), transthyretin (ttr), deiodinases 1, 2, 3a, and 3b (dio1, dio2, dio3a and 3b), and thyroid hormone receptors alpha and beta (thrα and β). A loess regression method was successful in identifying maxima and minima of transcriptional expression during early development of both species. Overall, we observed great similarities between the species, including maternal transfer, at least to some extent, of almost all transcripts (confirmed in unfertilized eggs), increasing expression of most transcripts during hatching and embryo-larval transition, and indications of a fully functional HPT axis in larvae. These data will aid in the development of hypotheses on the role of certain genes and pathways during development. Furthermore, this provides a background reference dataset for designing and interpreting targeted transcriptional expression studies both for fundamental research and for applications such as toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Vergauwen
- University of Antwerp, Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Dept. Veterinary Sciences, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Dept. Biology, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Jenna E Cavallin
- Badger Technical Services, US EPA, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA.
| | - Gerald T Ankley
- US EPA, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA.
| | - Chloé Bars
- University of Antwerp, Applied Veterinary Morphology, Dept. Veterinary Sciences, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Isabelle J Gabriëls
- University of Antwerp, Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Dept. Veterinary Sciences, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Ellen D G Michiels
- University of Antwerp, Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Dept. Veterinary Sciences, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Krysta R Fitzpatrick
- US EPA, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA.
| | - Jelena Periz-Stanacev
- University of Antwerp, Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Dept. Veterinary Sciences, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Eric C Randolph
- ORISE Research Participation Program, US EPA Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA.
| | | | - Travis W Saari
- US EPA, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Anthony L Schroeder
- University of Minnesota-Crookston, Math, Science, and Technology Department, 2900 University Ave., Crookston, MN 56716, USA.
| | - Evelyn Stinckens
- University of Antwerp, Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Dept. Veterinary Sciences, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Joe Swintek
- Badger Technical Services, US EPA, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA.
| | - Steven J Van Cruchten
- University of Antwerp, Applied Veterinary Morphology, Dept. Veterinary Sciences, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Evy Verbueken
- University of Antwerp, Applied Veterinary Morphology, Dept. Veterinary Sciences, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Daniel L Villeneuve
- US EPA, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA.
| | - Dries Knapen
- University of Antwerp, Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Dept. Veterinary Sciences, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
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25
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Bars C, Verbueken E, Periz-Stanaćev J, Vergauwen L, Michiels ED, Stinckens E, Gabriëls IJ, Knapen D, Van Ginneken C, Van Cruchten S. Ontogeny of key zebrafish genes involved in the disposition of xenobiotics from the embryonic until the juvenile stage. Reprod Toxicol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.06.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Pype C, Verbueken E, Bars C, Van Ginneken CJ, Knapen D, Van Cruchten SJ. From coincubation to preincubation: Strategy adjustments in the mDarT. Reprod Toxicol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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27
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Stinckens E, Vergauwen L, Ankley GT, Blust R, Darras VM, Villeneuve DL, Witters H, Volz DC, Knapen D. An AOP-based alternative testing strategy to predict the impact of thyroid hormone disruption on swim bladder inflation in zebrafish. Aquat Toxicol 2018; 200:1-12. [PMID: 29702435 PMCID: PMC6002951 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework can be used to help support the development of alternative testing strategies aimed at predicting adverse outcomes caused by triggering specific toxicity pathways. In this paper, we present a case-study demonstrating the selection of alternative in chemico assays targeting the molecular initiating events of established AOPs, and evaluate use of the resulting data to predict higher level biological endpoints. Based on two AOPs linking inhibition of the deiodinase (DIO) enzymes to impaired posterior swim bladder inflation in fish, we used in chemico enzyme inhibition assays to measure the molecular initiating events for an array of 51 chemicals. Zebrafish embryos were then exposed to 14 compounds with different measured inhibition potentials. Effects on posterior swim bladder inflation, predicted based on the information captured by the AOPs, were evaluated. By linking the two datasets and setting thresholds, we were able to demonstrate that the in chemico dataset can be used to predict biological effects on posterior chamber inflation, with only two outliers out of the 14 tested compounds. Our results show how information organized using the AOP framework can be employed to develop or select alternative assays, and successfully forecast downstream key events along the AOP. In general, such in chemico assays could serve as a first-tier high-throughput system to screen and prioritize chemicals for subsequent acute and chronic fish testing, potentially reducing the need for long-term and costly toxicity tests requiring large numbers of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Stinckens
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gerald T Ankley
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division,6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Ronny Blust
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Veerle M Darras
- Laboratory of Comparative Endocrinology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 61, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel L Villeneuve
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division,6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Hilda Witters
- Applied Bio & Molecular Systems (ABS), Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - David C Volz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
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Knapen D, Angrish MM, Fortin MC, Katsiadaki I, Leonard M, Margiotta-Casaluci L, Munn S, O’Brien JM, Pollesch N, Smith LC, Zhang X, Villeneuve DL. Adverse outcome pathway networks I: Development and applications. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018; 37:1723-1733. [PMID: 29488651 PMCID: PMC6004608 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Based on the results of a Horizon Scanning exercise sponsored by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry that focused on advancing the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework, the development of guidance related to AOP network development was identified as a critical need. This not only included questions focusing directly on AOP networks, but also on related topics such as mixture toxicity assessment and the implementation of feedback loops within the AOP framework. A set of two articles has been developed to begin exploring these concepts. In the present article (part I), we consider the derivation of AOP networks in the context of how it differs from the development of individual AOPs. We then propose the use of filters and layers to tailor AOP networks to suit the needs of a given research question or application. We briefly introduce a number of analytical approaches that may be used to characterize the structure of AOP networks. These analytical concepts are further described in a dedicated, complementary article (part II). Finally, we present a number of case studies that illustrate concepts underlying the development, analysis, and application of AOP networks. The concepts described in the present article and in its companion article (which focuses on AOP network analytics) are intended to serve as a starting point for further development of the AOP network concept, and also to catalyze AOP network development and application by the different stakeholder communities. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1723-1733. © 2018 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Michelle M. Angrish
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Marie C. Fortin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Ioanna Katsiadaki
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Leonard
- L’Oréal Advanced Research, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Luigi Margiotta-Casaluci
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Munn
- Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission, Ispra, Italy
| | - Jason M. O’Brien
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nathan Pollesch
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - L. Cody Smith
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daniel L. Villeneuve
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, USA
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Villeneuve DL, Angrish MM, Fortin MC, Katsiadaki I, Leonard M, Margiotta-Casaluci L, Munn S, O’Brien JM, Pollesch NL, Smith LC, Zhang X, Knapen D. Adverse outcome pathway networks II: Network analytics. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018; 37:1734-1748. [PMID: 29492998 PMCID: PMC6010347 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Toxicological responses to stressors are more complex than the simple one-biological-perturbation to one-adverse-outcome model portrayed by individual adverse outcome pathways (AOPs). Consequently, the AOP framework was designed to facilitate de facto development of AOP networks that can aid in the understanding and prediction of pleiotropic and interactive effects more common to environmentally realistic, complex exposure scenarios. The present study introduces nascent concepts related to the qualitative analysis of AOP networks. First, graph theory-based approaches for identifying important topological features are illustrated using 2 example AOP networks derived from existing AOP descriptions. Second, considerations for identifying the most significant path(s) through an AOP network from either a biological or risk assessment perspective are described. Finally, approaches for identifying interactions among AOPs that may result in additive, synergistic, or antagonistic responses (or previously undefined emergent patterns of response) are introduced. Along with a companion article (part I), these concepts set the stage for the development of tools and case studies that will facilitate more rigorous analysis of AOP networks, and the utility of AOP network-based predictions, for use in research and regulatory decision-making. The present study addresses one of the major themes identified through a Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Horizon Scanning effort focused on advancing the AOP framework. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1734-1748. © 2018 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. Villeneuve
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Michelle M. Angrish
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Marie C. Fortin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Ioanna Katsiadaki
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Leonard
- L’Oréal Advanced Research, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Luigi Margiotta-Casaluci
- Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Munn
- Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission, Ispra, Italy
| | - Jason M. O’Brien
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nathan L. Pollesch
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - L. Cody Smith
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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Legradi JB, Di Paolo C, Kraak MHS, van der Geest HG, Schymanski EL, Williams AJ, Dingemans MML, Massei R, Brack W, Cousin X, Begout ML, van der Oost R, Carion A, Suarez-Ulloa V, Silvestre F, Escher BI, Engwall M, Nilén G, Keiter SH, Pollet D, Waldmann P, Kienle C, Werner I, Haigis AC, Knapen D, Vergauwen L, Spehr M, Schulz W, Busch W, Leuthold D, Scholz S, vom Berg CM, Basu N, Murphy CA, Lampert A, Kuckelkorn J, Grummt T, Hollert H. An ecotoxicological view on neurotoxicity assessment. Environ Sci Eur 2018; 30:46. [PMID: 30595996 PMCID: PMC6292971 DOI: 10.1186/s12302-018-0173-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The numbers of potential neurotoxicants in the environment are raising and pose a great risk for humans and the environment. Currently neurotoxicity assessment is mostly performed to predict and prevent harm to human populations. Despite all the efforts invested in the last years in developing novel in vitro or in silico test systems, in vivo tests with rodents are still the only accepted test for neurotoxicity risk assessment in Europe. Despite an increasing number of reports of species showing altered behaviour, neurotoxicity assessment for species in the environment is not required and therefore mostly not performed. Considering the increasing numbers of environmental contaminants with potential neurotoxic potential, eco-neurotoxicity should be also considered in risk assessment. In order to do so novel test systems are needed that can cope with species differences within ecosystems. In the field, online-biomonitoring systems using behavioural information could be used to detect neurotoxic effects and effect-directed analyses could be applied to identify the neurotoxicants causing the effect. Additionally, toxic pressure calculations in combination with mixture modelling could use environmental chemical monitoring data to predict adverse effects and prioritize pollutants for laboratory testing. Cheminformatics based on computational toxicological data from in vitro and in vivo studies could help to identify potential neurotoxicants. An array of in vitro assays covering different modes of action could be applied to screen compounds for neurotoxicity. The selection of in vitro assays could be guided by AOPs relevant for eco-neurotoxicity. In order to be able to perform risk assessment for eco-neurotoxicity, methods need to focus on the most sensitive species in an ecosystem. A test battery using species from different trophic levels might be the best approach. To implement eco-neurotoxicity assessment into European risk assessment, cheminformatics and in vitro screening tests could be used as first approach to identify eco-neurotoxic pollutants. In a second step, a small species test battery could be applied to assess the risks of ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. B. Legradi
- Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Ecosystem Analysis, ABBt–Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Environment and Health, VU University, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C. Di Paolo
- Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Ecosystem Analysis, ABBt–Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - M. H. S. Kraak
- FAME-Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94248, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H. G. van der Geest
- FAME-Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94248, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E. L. Schymanski
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - A. J. Williams
- National Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 109 T.W. Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 USA
| | - M. M. L. Dingemans
- KWR Watercycle Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - R. Massei
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, Germany
| | - W. Brack
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, Germany
| | - X. Cousin
- Ifremer, UMR MARBEC, Laboratoire Adaptation et Adaptabilités des Animaux et des Systèmes, Route de Maguelone, 34250 Palavas-les-Flots, France
- INRA, UMR GABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Domaine de Vilvert, Batiment 231, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - M.-L. Begout
- Ifremer, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, Place Gaby Coll, 17137 L’Houmeau, France
| | - R. van der Oost
- Department of Technology, Research and Engineering, Waternet Institute for the Urban Water Cycle, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A. Carion
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Adaptive Physiology, Institute of Life, Earth and Environment, University of Namur, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - V. Suarez-Ulloa
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Adaptive Physiology, Institute of Life, Earth and Environment, University of Namur, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - F. Silvestre
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Adaptive Physiology, Institute of Life, Earth and Environment, University of Namur, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - B. I. Escher
- Department of Cell Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Environmental Toxicology, Center for Applied Geosciences, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - M. Engwall
- MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, 70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - G. Nilén
- MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, 70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - S. H. Keiter
- MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, 70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - D. Pollet
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Stephanstrasse 7, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P. Waldmann
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Stephanstrasse 7, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - C. Kienle
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology Eawag-EPFL, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - I. Werner
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology Eawag-EPFL, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - A.-C. Haigis
- Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Ecosystem Analysis, ABBt–Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - D. Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - L. Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - M. Spehr
- Institute for Biology II, Department of Chemosensation, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - W. Schulz
- Zweckverband Landeswasserversorgung, Langenau, Germany
| | - W. Busch
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, UFZ–Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - D. Leuthold
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, UFZ–Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S. Scholz
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, UFZ–Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - C. M. vom Berg
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Eawag, Dübendorf, 8600 Switzerland
| | - N. Basu
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - C. A. Murphy
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - A. Lampert
- Institute of Physiology (Neurophysiology), Aachen, Germany
| | - J. Kuckelkorn
- Section Toxicology of Drinking Water and Swimming Pool Water, Federal Environment Agency (UBA), Heinrich-Heine-Str. 12, 08645 Bad Elster, Germany
| | - T. Grummt
- Section Toxicology of Drinking Water and Swimming Pool Water, Federal Environment Agency (UBA), Heinrich-Heine-Str. 12, 08645 Bad Elster, Germany
| | - H. Hollert
- Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Ecosystem Analysis, ABBt–Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Cavallin JE, Ankley GT, Blackwell BR, Blanksma CA, Fay KA, Jensen KM, Kahl MD, Knapen D, Kosian PA, Poole S, Randolph EC, Schroeder AL, Vergauwen L, Villeneuve DL. Impaired swim bladder inflation in early life stage fathead minnows exposed to a deiodinase inhibitor, iopanoic acid. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017; 36:2942-2952. [PMID: 28488362 PMCID: PMC5733732 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Inflation of the posterior and/or anterior swim bladder is a process previously demonstrated to be regulated by thyroid hormones. We investigated whether inhibition of deiodinases, which convert thyroxine (T4) to the more biologically active form, 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), would impact swim bladder inflation. Two experiments were conducted using a model deiodinase inhibitor, iopanoic acid (IOP). First, fathead minnow embryos were exposed to 0.6, 1.9, or 6.0 mg/L or control water until 6 d postfertilization (dpf), at which time posterior swim bladder inflation was assessed. To examine anterior swim bladder inflation, a second study was conducted with 6-dpf larvae exposed to the same IOP concentrations until 21 dpf. Fish from both studies were sampled for T4/T3 measurements and gene transcription analyses. Incidence and length of inflated posterior swim bladders were significantly reduced in the 6.0 mg/L treatment at 6 dpf. Incidence of inflation and length of anterior swim bladder were significantly reduced in all IOP treatments at 14 dpf, but inflation recovered by 18 dpf. Throughout the larval study, whole-body T4 concentrations increased and T3 concentrations decreased in all IOP treatments. Consistent with hypothesized compensatory responses, deiodinase-2 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was up-regulated in the larval study, and thyroperoxidase mRNA was down-regulated in all IOP treatments in both studies. These results support the hypothesized adverse outcome pathways linking inhibition of deiodinase activity to impaired swim bladder inflation. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2942-2952. Published 2017 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna E. Cavallin
- Badger Technical Services, US Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
- Corresponding author: Jenna Cavallin,
| | - Gerald T. Ankley
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Brett R. Blackwell
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Chad A. Blanksma
- Badger Technical Services, US Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Kellie A. Fay
- University of Minnesota-Duluth, Biology Dept., US Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Jensen
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Michael D. Kahl
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Dries Knapen
- University of Antwerp, Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Dept. Veterinary Sciences, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Patricia A. Kosian
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Shane Poole
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Eric C. Randolph
- ORISE Research Participation Program, US Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Anthony L. Schroeder
- University of Minnesota - Crookston, Department of Biology, 2900 University Ave., Crookston, MN 56716, USA
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- University of Antwerp, Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Dept. Veterinary Sciences, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
- University of Antwerp, Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Dept. Biology, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Daniel L. Villeneuve
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
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Brockmeier EK, Hodges G, Hutchinson TH, Butler E, Hecker M, Tollefsen KE, Garcia-Reyero N, Kille P, Becker D, Chipman K, Colbourne J, Collette TW, Cossins A, Cronin M, Graystock P, Gutsell S, Knapen D, Katsiadaki I, Lange A, Marshall S, Owen SF, Perkins EJ, Plaistow S, Schroeder A, Taylor D, Viant M, Ankley G, Falciani F. The Role of Omics in the Application of Adverse Outcome Pathways for Chemical Risk Assessment. Toxicol Sci 2017; 158:252-262. [PMID: 28525648 PMCID: PMC5837273 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In conjunction with the second International Environmental Omics Symposium (iEOS) conference, held at the University of Liverpool (United Kingdom) in September 2014, a workshop was held to bring together experts in toxicology and regulatory science from academia, government and industry. The purpose of the workshop was to review the specific roles that high-content omics datasets (eg, transcriptomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and proteomics) can hold within the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework for supporting ecological and human health risk assessments. In light of the growing number of examples of the application of omics data in the context of ecological risk assessment, we considered how omics datasets might continue to support the AOP framework. In particular, the role of omics in identifying potential AOP molecular initiating events and providing supportive evidence of key events at different levels of biological organization and across taxonomic groups was discussed. Areas with potential for short and medium-term breakthroughs were also discussed, such as providing mechanistic evidence to support chemical read-across, providing weight of evidence information for mode of action assignment, understanding biological networks, and developing robust extrapolations of species-sensitivity. Key challenges that need to be addressed were considered, including the need for a cohesive approach towards experimental design, the lack of a mutually agreed framework to quantitatively link genes and pathways to key events, and the need for better interpretation of chemically induced changes at the molecular level. This article was developed to provide an overview of ecological risk assessment process and a perspective on how high content molecular-level datasets can support the future of assessment procedures through the AOP framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica K. Brockmeier
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Geoff Hodges
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Thomas H. Hutchinson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Emma Butler
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Markus Hecker
- Toxicology Centre and School of the Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | | | - Natalia Garcia-Reyero
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi
- Mississippi State University, Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Starkville, Mississippi
| | - Peter Kille
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Dörthe Becker
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Kevin Chipman
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - John Colbourne
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Timothy W. Collette
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605-2700
| | - Andrew Cossins
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Mark Cronin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Peter Graystock
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Steve Gutsell
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Belgium
| | - Ioanna Katsiadaki
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS), The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK
| | - Anke Lange
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Stuart Marshall
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Stewart F. Owen
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TF, UK
| | - Edward J. Perkins
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi
| | - Stewart Plaistow
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Anthony Schroeder
- Water Resources Center (Office: Mid-Continent Ecology Division), University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55108
| | - Daisy Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Mark Viant
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Gerald Ankley
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota 55804
| | - Francesco Falciani
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
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Vinken M, Knapen D, Vergauwen L, Hengstler JG, Angrish M, Whelan M. Adverse outcome pathways: a concise introduction for toxicologists. Arch Toxicol 2017; 91:3697-3707. [PMID: 28660287 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) are designed to provide a clear-cut mechanistic representation of critical toxicological effects that propagate over different layers of biological organization from the initial interaction of a chemical with a molecular target to an adverse outcome at the individual or population level. Adverse outcome pathways are currently gaining momentum, especially in view of their many potential applications as pragmatic tools in the fields of human toxicology, ecotoxicology, and risk assessment. A number of guidance documents, issued by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, as well as landmark papers, outlining best practices to develop, assess and use AOPs, have been published in the last few years. The present paper provides a synopsis of the main principles related to the AOP framework for the toxicologist less familiar with this area, followed by two case studies relevant for human toxicology and ecotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Vinken
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium.,Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Technical University of Dortmund, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michelle Angrish
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Maurice Whelan
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
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Pype C, Verbueken E, Saad MA, Bars C, Van Ginneken CJ, Knapen D, Van Cruchten SJ. Antioxidants reduce reactive oxygen species but not embryotoxicity in the metabolic Danio rerio test (mDarT). Reprod Toxicol 2017; 72:62-73. [PMID: 28663077 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.06.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian liver microsomes are occasionally used as a metabolic activation system (MAS) to compensate for the low CYP-mediated bioactivation of drugs in zebrafish embryos, in the so-called mDarT. However, this MAS is embryotoxic and consequently zebrafish embryos are only exposed during a very limited developmental window. The main aim of this study was to try to reduce the embryotoxic properties of MAS in order to extend the exposure window in the mDarT. Removing the microsomes from the incubation medium prior to exposure of the zebrafish embryos did not reduce embryotoxicity. Free radicals (ROS) in the incubation medium were successfully reduced by antioxidants, but the medium remained embryotoxic. Single dosing of NADPH or omitting toxic components from the MAS preparation did also not reduce embryotoxicity. In conclusion, the exposure window in the mDarT could not be extended by reducing ROS levels, single dosing of NADPH or modifications of the MAS preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casper Pype
- University of Antwerp, Applied Veterinary Morphology, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Evy Verbueken
- University of Antwerp, Applied Veterinary Morphology, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Moayad A Saad
- University of Antwerp, Applied Veterinary Morphology, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Chloé Bars
- University of Antwerp, Applied Veterinary Morphology, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Chris J Van Ginneken
- University of Antwerp, Applied Veterinary Morphology, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- University of Antwerp, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Steven J Van Cruchten
- University of Antwerp, Applied Veterinary Morphology, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
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35
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LaLone CA, Ankley GT, Belanger SE, Embry MR, Hodges G, Knapen D, Munn S, Perkins EJ, Rudd MA, Villeneuve DL, Whelann M, Willett C, Zhang X, Markus H. Advancing the adverse outcome pathway framework-An international horizon scanning approach. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017; 36:1411-1421. [PMID: 28543973 PMCID: PMC6156781 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Our ability to conduct whole-organism toxicity tests to understand chemical safety has been outpaced by the synthesis of new chemicals for a wide variety of commercial applications. As a result, scientists and risk assessors are turning to mechanistically based studies to increase efficiencies in chemical risk assessment and making greater use of in vitro and in silico methods to evaluate potential environmental and human health hazards. In this context, the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework has gained traction in regulatory science because it offers an efficient and effective means for capturing available knowledge describing the linkage between mechanistic data and the apical toxicity end points required for regulatory assessments. A number of international activities have focused on AOP development and various applications to regulatory decision-making. These initiatives have prompted dialogue between research scientists and regulatory communities to consider how best to use the AOP framework. Although expert-facilitated discussions and AOP development have been critical in moving the science of AOPs forward, it was recognized that a survey of the broader scientific and regulatory communities would aid in identifying current limitations while guiding future initiatives for the AOP framework. To that end, a global horizon scanning exercise was conducted to solicit questions concerning the challenges or limitations that must be addressed to realize the full potential of the AOP framework in research and regulatory decision-making. The questions received fell into several broad topical areas: AOP networks, quantitative AOPs, collaboration on and communication of AOP knowledge, AOP discovery and development, chemical and cross-species extrapolation, exposure/toxicokinetics considerations, and AOP applications. Expert ranking was then used to prioritize questions for each category, where 4 broad themes emerged that could help inform and guide future AOP research and regulatory initiatives. In addition, frequently asked questions were identified and addressed by experts in the field. Answers to frequently asked questions will aid in addressing common misperceptions and will allow for clarification of AOP topics. The need for this type of clarification was highlighted with surprising frequency by our question submitters, indicating that improvements are needed in communicating the AOP framework among the scientific and regulatory communities. Overall, horizon scanning engaged the global scientific community to help identify key questions surrounding the AOP framework and guide the direction of future initiatives. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1411-1421. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlie A. LaLone
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, USA
- Corresponding Authors: ,
| | - Gerald T. Ankley
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Scott E. Belanger
- Environmental Safety and Sustainability, Global Product Stewardship, Mason Business Center, The Procter and Gamble Company, Mason, Ohio 45040, USA
| | - Michelle R. Embry
- ILSI Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, 1156 15th Street, NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20005, USA
| | - Geoff Hodges
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom
| | - Dries Knapen
- ILSI Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, 1156 15th Street, NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20005, USA
| | - Sharon Munn
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - Edward J. Perkins
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - Murray A. Rudd
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory College, E538 Math and Science Building, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Daniel L. Villeneuve
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Maurice Whelann
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - Catherine Willett
- The Humane Society of the United States, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hecker Markus
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5B3
- Corresponding Authors: ,
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36
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Michiels EDG, Vergauwen L, Hagenaars A, Fransen E, Dongen SV, Van Cruchten SJ, Bervoets L, Knapen D. Evaluating Complex Mixtures in the Zebrafish Embryo by Reconstituting Field Water Samples: A Metal Pollution Case Study. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030539. [PMID: 28257097 PMCID: PMC5372555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurately assessing the toxicity of complex, environmentally relevant mixtures remains an important challenge in ecotoxicology. The goal was to identify biological effects after exposure to environmental water samples and to determine whether the observed effects could be explained by the waterborne metal mixture found in the samples. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to water samples of five different sites originating from two Flemish (Mol and Olen, Belgium) metal contaminated streams: “Scheppelijke Nete” (SN) and “Kneutersloop” (K), and a ditch (D), which is the contamination source of SN. Trace metal concentrations, and Na, K, Mg and Ca concentrations were measured using ICP-MS and were used to reconstitute site-specific water samples. We assessed whether the effects that were observed after exposure to environmental samples could be explained by metal mixture toxicity under standardized laboratory conditions. Exposure to “D” or “reconstituted D” water caused 100% mortality. SN and reconstituted SN water caused similar effects on hatching, swim bladder inflation, growth and swimming activity. A canonical discriminant analysis confirmed a high similarity between both exposure scenarios, indicating that the observed toxicity was indeed primarily caused by metals. The applied workflow could be a valuable approach to evaluate mixture toxicity that limits time and costs while maintaining biological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen D G Michiels
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - An Hagenaars
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Erik Fransen
- StatUa Center for Statistics, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Stefan Van Dongen
- Evolutionary Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Steven J Van Cruchten
- Applied Veterinary Morphology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Lieven Bervoets
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
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Spit J, Badisco L, Vergauwen L, Knapen D, Vanden Broeck J. Microarray-based annotation of the gut transcriptome of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria. Insect Mol Biol 2016; 25:745-756. [PMID: 27479692 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, is a serious agricultural pest and important insect model in the study of insect digestion and feeding behaviour. The gut is one of the primary interfaces between the insect and its environment. Nevertheless, knowledge on the gut transcriptome of L. migratoria is still very limited. Here, 48 802 expressed sequence tags were extracted from publicly available databases and their expression in larval gut and/or brain tissue was determined using microarray hybridization. Our data show 2765 transcripts predominantly or exclusively expressed in the gut. Many transcripts had putative functions closely related to the physiological functions of the gut as a muscular digestive organ and as the first barrier against microorganisms and a wide range of toxins. By means of a ranking procedure based on the relative signal intensity, we estimated 15% of the transcripts to show high expression levels, the highest belonging to diverse digestive enzymes and muscle-related proteins. We also found evidence for very high expression of an allergen protein, which could have important implications, as locusts form a traditional food source in various parts of the world, and were also recently added to the list of insects fit for human consumption in Europe. Interestingly, many highly expressed sequences have as yet unknown functions. Taken together, the present data provide significant insight into locust larval gut physiology, and will be valuable for future studies on the insect gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Spit
- Department of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Zoological Institute KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - L Badisco
- Department of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Zoological Institute KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - L Vergauwen
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - D Knapen
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - J Vanden Broeck
- Department of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Zoological Institute KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Pype C, Verbueken E, Saad MA, Casteleyn C, Van Ginneken CJ, Knapen D, Van Cruchten SJ. Embryotoxicity in the mDarT: Is oxidative stress the key driver? Reprod Toxicol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.06.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Perkins EJ, Antczak P, Burgoon L, Falciani F, Garcia-Reyero N, Gutsell S, Hodges G, Kienzler A, Knapen D, McBride M, Willett C. Adverse Outcome Pathways for Regulatory Applications: Examination of Four Case Studies With Different Degrees of Completeness and Scientific Confidence. Toxicol Sci 2016; 148:14-25. [PMID: 26500288 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) offer a pathway-based toxicological framework to support hazard assessment and regulatory decision-making. However, little has been discussed about the scientific confidence needed, or how complete a pathway should be, before use in a specific regulatory application. Here we review four case studies to explore the degree of scientific confidence and extent of completeness (in terms of causal events) that is required for an AOP to be useful for a specific purpose in a regulatory application: (i) Membrane disruption (Narcosis) leading to respiratory failure (low confidence), (ii) Hepatocellular proliferation leading to cancer (partial pathway, moderate confidence), (iii) Covalent binding to proteins leading to skin sensitization (high confidence), and (iv) Aromatase inhibition leading to reproductive dysfunction in fish (high confidence). Partially complete AOPs with unknown molecular initiating events, such as 'Hepatocellular proliferation leading to cancer', were found to be valuable. We demonstrate that scientific confidence in these pathways can be increased though the use of unconventional information (eg, computational identification of potential initiators). AOPs at all levels of confidence can contribute to specific uses. A significant statistical or quantitative relationship between events and/or the adverse outcome relationships is a common characteristic of AOPs, both incomplete and complete, that have specific regulatory uses. For AOPs to be useful in a regulatory context they must be at least as useful as the tools that regulators currently possess, or the techniques currently employed by regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Perkins
- *Environmental Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg Mississippi;
| | - Philipp Antczak
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside L69 3BX, UK
| | - Lyle Burgoon
- *Environmental Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg Mississippi
| | - Francesco Falciani
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside L69 3BX, UK
| | - Natàlia Garcia-Reyero
- Mississippi State University, Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Starkville, Mississippi
| | - Steve Gutsell
- Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Geoff Hodges
- Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Aude Kienzler
- JRC Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Ispra, Italy
| | - Dries Knapen
- University of Antwerp, Zebrafishlab, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Mary McBride
- Agilent Technologies, Washington, District of Columbia; and
| | - Catherine Willett
- The Humane Society of the United States, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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40
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Schoenaers S, Vergauwen L, Hagenaars A, Vanhaecke L, AbdElgawad H, Asard H, Covaci A, Bervoets L, Knapen D. Prioritization of contaminated watercourses using an integrated biomarker approach in caged carp. Water Res 2016; 99:129-139. [PMID: 27153115 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Because of the ever increasing complexity of environmental contamination profiles, there are limitations to the use of analytical pollutant measurements for monitoring and prioritization of watercourses. The potential of biomarkers has been debated for many years, especially in laboratory settings, but there is a need for studies evaluating these approaches in the field. We evaluated the usefulness of a selection of biomarkers, mostly indicators of general physiological status and common stress responses such as oxidative stress, to discriminate among environmental pollution profiles, with the aim of prioritizing contaminated watercourses for targeted remediation efforts. To this end, juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio Lin.) were exposed in cages in the field to Flemish watercourses with varying pollution profiles. After six weeks of exposure, the bioaccumulation of key pollutants was measured, and a set of organismal, biochemical and transcriptional endpoints was determined in several tissue types. After data integration a discrete set of 14 parameters was identified, that could successfully distinguish all watercourses from each other. We show that an integrated biomarker approach, mainly targeting common stress responses, can offer the resolving power to discriminate among environmentally relevant exposure scenarios, and a means to prioritize watercourses for targeted remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastjen Schoenaers
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium; Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - An Hagenaars
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lynn Vanhaecke
- Research Group of Veterinary Public Health and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Han Asard
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lieven Bervoets
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
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Nelson KR, Schroeder AL, Ankley GT, Blackwell BR, Blanksma C, Degitz SJ, Flynn KM, Jensen KM, Johnson RD, Kahl MD, Knapen D, Kosian PA, Milsk RY, Randolph EC, Saari T, Stinckens E, Vergauwen L, Villeneuve DL. Impaired anterior swim bladder inflation following exposure to the thyroid peroxidase inhibitor 2-mercaptobenzothiazole part I: Fathead minnow. Aquat Toxicol 2016; 173:204-217. [PMID: 26818709 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a hypothesized adverse outcome pathway linking inhibition of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) activity to impaired swim bladder inflation was investigated in two experiments in which fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed to 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT). Continuous exposure to 1mg MBT/L for up to 22 days had no effect on inflation of the posterior chamber of the swim bladder, which typically inflates around 6 days post fertilization (dpf), a period during which maternally-derived thyroid hormone is presumed to be present. In contrast, inflation of the anterior swim bladder, which occurs around 14dpf, was impacted. Specifically, at 14dpf, approximately 50% of fish exposed to 1mg MBT/L did not have an inflated anterior swim bladder. In fish exposed to MBT through 21 or 22dpf, the anterior swim bladder was able to inflate, but the ratio of the anterior/posterior chamber length was significantly reduced compared to controls. Both abundance of thyroid peroxidase mRNA and thyroid follicle histology suggest that fathead minnows mounted a compensatory response to the presumed inhibition of TPO activity by MBT. Time-course characterization showed that fish exposed to MBT for at least 4 days prior to normal anterior swim bladder inflation had significant reductions in anterior swim bladder size, relative to the posterior chamber, compared to controls. These results, along with similar results observed in zebrafish (see part II, this issue) are consistent with the hypothesis that thyroid hormone signaling plays a significant role in mediating anterior swim bladder inflation and development in cyprinids, and that role can be disrupted by exposure to thyroid hormone synthesis inhibitors. Nonetheless, possible thyroid-independent actions of MBT on anterior swim bladder inflation cannot be ruled out based on the present results. Overall, although anterior swim bladder inflation has not been directly linked to survival as posterior swim bladder inflation has, potential links to adverse ecological outcomes are plausible given involvement of the anterior chamber in sound production and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krysta R Nelson
- Student Services Contractor, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Anthony L Schroeder
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA; University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Water Resources Center, 1985 Lower Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| | - Gerald T Ankley
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Brett R Blackwell
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Research Participation Program, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Chad Blanksma
- Badger Technical Services, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Sigmund J Degitz
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Kevin M Flynn
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Kathleen M Jensen
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Rodney D Johnson
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Michael D Kahl
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Patricia A Kosian
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Rebecca Y Milsk
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Research Participation Program, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Eric C Randolph
- Student Services Contractor, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Travis Saari
- Student Services Contractor, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Evelyn Stinckens
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Daniel L Villeneuve
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
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42
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Nelson KR, Schroeder AL, Ankley GT, Blackwell BR, Blanksma C, Degitz SJ, Flynn KM, Jensen KM, Johnson RD, Kahl MD, Knapen D, Kosian PA, Milsk RY, Randolph EC, Saari T, Stinckens E, Vergauwen L, Villeneuve DL. Impaired anterior swim bladder inflation following exposure to the thyroid peroxidase inhibitor 2-mercaptobenzothiazole part I: Fathead minnow. Aquat Toxicol 2016; 173:192-203. [PMID: 26852267 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a hypothesized adverse outcome pathway linking inhibition of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) activity to impaired swim bladder inflation was investigated in two experiments in which fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed to 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT). Continuous exposure to 1mg MBT/L for up to 22 days had no effect on inflation of the posterior chamber of the swim bladder, which typically inflates around 6 days post fertilization (dpf), a period during which maternally-derived thyroid hormone is presumed to be present. In contrast, inflation of the anterior swim bladder, which occurs around 14dpf, was impacted. Specifically, at 14dpf, approximately 50% of fish exposed to 1mg MBT/L did not have an inflated anterior swim bladder. In fish exposed to MBT through 21 or 22dpf, the anterior swim bladder was able to inflate, but the ratio of the anterior/posterior chamber length was significantly reduced compared to controls. Both abundance of thyroid peroxidase mRNA and thyroid follicle histology suggest that fathead minnows mounted a compensatory response to the presumed inhibition of TPO activity by MBT. Time-course characterization showed that fish exposed to MBT for at least 4 days prior to normal anterior swim bladder inflation had significant reductions in anterior swim bladder size, relative to the posterior chamber, compared to controls. These results, along with similar results observed in zebrafish (see part II, this issue) are consistent with the hypothesis that thyroid hormone signaling plays a significant role in mediating anterior swim bladder inflation and development in cyprinids, and that role can be disrupted by exposure to thyroid hormone synthesis inhibitors. Nonetheless, possible thyroid-independent actions of MBT on anterior swim bladder inflation cannot be ruled out based on the present results. Overall, although anterior swim bladder inflation has not been directly linked to survival as posterior swim bladder inflation has, potential links to adverse ecological outcomes are plausible given involvement of the anterior chamber in sound production and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krysta R Nelson
- Student Services Contractor, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Anthony L Schroeder
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA; University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Water Resources Center, 1985 Lower Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| | - Gerald T Ankley
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Brett R Blackwell
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Research Participation Program, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Chad Blanksma
- Badger Technical Services, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Sigmund J Degitz
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Kevin M Flynn
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Kathleen M Jensen
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Rodney D Johnson
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Michael D Kahl
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Patricia A Kosian
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Rebecca Y Milsk
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Research Participation Program, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Eric C Randolph
- Student Services Contractor, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Travis Saari
- Student Services Contractor, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Evelyn Stinckens
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Daniel L Villeneuve
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
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Houbrechts AM, Vergauwen L, Bagci E, Van Houcke J, Heijlen M, Kulemeka B, Hyde DR, Knapen D, Darras VM. Deiodinase knockdown affects zebrafish eye development at the level of gene expression, morphology and function. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 424:81-93. [PMID: 26802877 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Retinal development in vertebrates relies extensively on thyroid hormones. Their local availability is tightly controlled by several regulators, including deiodinases (Ds). Here we used morpholino technology to explore the roles of Ds during eye development in zebrafish. Transcriptome analysis at 3 days post fertilization (dpf) revealed a pronounced effect of knockdown of both T4-activating Ds (D1D2MO) or knockdown of T3-inactivating D3 (D3bMO) on phototransduction and retinoid recycling. This was accompanied by morphological defects (studied from 1 to 7 dpf) including reduced eye size, disturbed retinal lamination and strong reduction in rods and all four cone types. Defects were more prominent and persistent in D3-deficient fish. Finally, D3-deficient zebrafish larvae had disrupted visual function at 4 dpf and were less sensitive to a light stimulus at 5 dpf. These data demonstrate the importance of TH-activating and -inactivating Ds for correct zebrafish eye development, and point to D3b as a central player.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Houbrechts
- Laboratory of Comparative Endocrinology, Department of Biology, Division of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Enise Bagci
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium; Systemic Physiological & Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jolien Van Houcke
- Laboratory of Comparative Endocrinology, Department of Biology, Division of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marjolein Heijlen
- Laboratory of Comparative Endocrinology, Department of Biology, Division of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bernard Kulemeka
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Zebrafish Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - David R Hyde
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Zebrafish Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Veerle M Darras
- Laboratory of Comparative Endocrinology, Department of Biology, Division of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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Van Hoeck A, Horemans N, Van Hees M, Nauts R, Knapen D, Vandenhove H, Blust R. Characterizing dose response relationships: Chronic gamma radiation in Lemna minor induces oxidative stress and altered polyploidy level. J Environ Radioact 2015; 150:195-202. [PMID: 26348936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The biological effects and interactions of different radiation types in plants are still far from understood. Among different radiation types, external gamma radiation treatments have been mostly studied to assess the biological impact of radiation toxicity in organisms. Upon exposure of plants to gamma radiation, ionisation events can cause, either directly or indirectly, severe biological damage to DNA and other biomolecules. However, the biological responses and oxidative stress related mechanisms under chronic radiation conditions are poorly understood in plant systems. In the following study, it was questioned if the Lemna minor growth inhibition test is a suitable approach to also assess the radiotoxicity of this freshwater plant. Therefore, L. minor plants were continuously exposed for seven days to 12 different dose rate levels covering almost six orders of magnitude starting from 80 μGy h(-1) up to 1.5 Gy h(-1). Subsequently, growth, antioxidative defence system and genomic responses of L. minor plants were evaluated. Although L. minor plants could survive the exposure treatment at environmental relevant exposure conditions, higher dose rate levels induced dose dependent growth inhibitions starting from approximately 27 mGy h(-1). A ten-percentage growth inhibition of frond area Effective Dose Rate (EDR10) was estimated at 95 ± 7 mGy h(-1), followed by 153 ± 13 mGy h(-1) and 169 ± 12 mGy h(-1) on fresh weight and frond number, respectively. Up to a dose rate of approximately 5 mGy h(-1), antioxidative enzymes and metabolites remained unaffected in plants. A significant change in catalase enzyme activity was found at 27 mGy h(-1) which was accompanied with significant increases of other antioxidative enzyme activities and shifts in ascorbate and glutathione content at higher dose rate levels, indicating an increase in oxidative stress in plants. Recent plant research hypothesized that environmental genotoxic stress conditions can induce endoreduplication events. Here an increase in ploidy level was observed at the highest tested dose rate. In conclusion, the results revealed that in plants several mechanisms and pathways interplay to cope with radiation induced stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Van Hoeck
- SCK•CEN, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Nele Horemans
- SCK•CEN, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; Centre for Environmental Research, University of Hasselt, Universiteitslaan 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | | | | | - Dries Knapen
- Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | | | - Ronny Blust
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
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Vergauwen L, Schmidt SN, Stinckens E, Maho W, Blust R, Mayer P, Covaci A, Knapen D. A high throughput passive dosing format for the Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity test. Chemosphere 2015; 139:9-17. [PMID: 26026258 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
High throughput testing according to the Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity (FET) test (OECD Testing Guideline 236) is usually conducted in well plates. In the case of hydrophobic test substances, sorptive and evaporative losses often result in declining and poorly controlled exposure conditions. Therefore, our objective was to improve exposure conditions in FET tests by evaluating a passive dosing format using silicone O-rings in standard 24-well polystyrene plates. We exposed zebrafish embryos to a series of phenanthrene concentrations until 120h post fertilization (hpf), and obtained a linear dilution series. We report effect values for both mortality and sublethal morphological effects based on (1) measured exposure concentrations, (2) (lipid normalized) body residues and (3) chemical activity. The LC50 for 120hpf was 310μg/L, CBR50 (critical body residue) was 2.72mmol/kg fresh wt and La50 (lethal chemical activity) was 0.047. All values were within ranges expected for baseline toxicity. Impaired swim bladder inflation was the most pronounced morphological effect and swimming activity was reduced in all exposure concentrations. Further analysis showed that the effect on swimming activity was not attributed to impaired swim bladder inflation, but rather to baseline toxicity. We conclude that silicone O-rings (1) produce a linear dilution series of phenanthrene in the 120hpf FET test, (2) generate and maintain aqueous concentrations for reliable determination of effect concentrations, and allow for obtaining mechanistic toxicity information, and (3) cause no toxicity, demonstrating its potential as an extension of the FET test when testing hydrophobic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Stine N Schmidt
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljoevej 113, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Evelyn Stinckens
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Walid Maho
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ronny Blust
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Philipp Mayer
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljoevej 113, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
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Avramova V, AbdElgawad H, Zhang Z, Fotschki B, Casadevall R, Vergauwen L, Knapen D, Taleisnik E, Guisez Y, Asard H, Beemster GTS. Drought Induces Distinct Growth Response, Protection, and Recovery Mechanisms in the Maize Leaf Growth Zone. Plant Physiol 2015; 169:1382-96. [PMID: 26297138 PMCID: PMC4587441 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Drought is the most important crop yield-limiting factor, and detailed knowledge of its impact on plant growth regulation is crucial. The maize (Zea mays) leaf growth zone offers unique possibilities for studying the spatiotemporal regulation of developmental processes by transcriptional analyses and methods that require more material, such as metabolite and enzyme activity measurements. By means of a kinematic analysis, we show that drought inhibits maize leaf growth by inhibiting cell division in the meristem and cell expansion in the elongation zone. Through a microarray study, we observed the down-regulation of 32 of the 54 cell cycle genes, providing a basis for the inhibited cell division. We also found evidence for an up-regulation of the photosynthetic machinery and the antioxidant and redox systems. This was confirmed by increased chlorophyll content in mature cells and increased activity of antioxidant enzymes and metabolite levels across the growth zone, respectively. We demonstrate the functional significance of the identified transcriptional reprogramming by showing that increasing the antioxidant capacity in the proliferation zone, by overexpression of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) iron-superoxide dismutase gene, increases leaf growth rate by stimulating cell division. We also show that the increased photosynthetic capacity leads to enhanced photosynthesis upon rewatering, facilitating the often-observed growth compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya Avramova
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium (V.A., H.Ab., L.V., Y.G., H.As., G.T.S.B.);Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt (H.Ab.);Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China (Z.Z.);Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland (B.F.);Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, S2002 LRK Rosario, Argentina (R.C.);Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium (D.K.); andConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), X5020ICA Cordoba, Argentina (E.T.)
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium (V.A., H.Ab., L.V., Y.G., H.As., G.T.S.B.);Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt (H.Ab.);Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China (Z.Z.);Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland (B.F.);Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, S2002 LRK Rosario, Argentina (R.C.);Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium (D.K.); andConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), X5020ICA Cordoba, Argentina (E.T.)
| | - Zhengfeng Zhang
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium (V.A., H.Ab., L.V., Y.G., H.As., G.T.S.B.);Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt (H.Ab.);Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China (Z.Z.);Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland (B.F.);Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, S2002 LRK Rosario, Argentina (R.C.);Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium (D.K.); andConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), X5020ICA Cordoba, Argentina (E.T.)
| | - Bartosz Fotschki
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium (V.A., H.Ab., L.V., Y.G., H.As., G.T.S.B.);Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt (H.Ab.);Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China (Z.Z.);Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland (B.F.);Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, S2002 LRK Rosario, Argentina (R.C.);Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium (D.K.); andConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), X5020ICA Cordoba, Argentina (E.T.)
| | - Romina Casadevall
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium (V.A., H.Ab., L.V., Y.G., H.As., G.T.S.B.);Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt (H.Ab.);Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China (Z.Z.);Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland (B.F.);Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, S2002 LRK Rosario, Argentina (R.C.);Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium (D.K.); andConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), X5020ICA Cordoba, Argentina (E.T.)
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium (V.A., H.Ab., L.V., Y.G., H.As., G.T.S.B.);Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt (H.Ab.);Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China (Z.Z.);Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland (B.F.);Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, S2002 LRK Rosario, Argentina (R.C.);Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium (D.K.); andConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), X5020ICA Cordoba, Argentina (E.T.)
| | - Dries Knapen
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium (V.A., H.Ab., L.V., Y.G., H.As., G.T.S.B.);Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt (H.Ab.);Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China (Z.Z.);Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland (B.F.);Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, S2002 LRK Rosario, Argentina (R.C.);Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium (D.K.); andConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), X5020ICA Cordoba, Argentina (E.T.)
| | - Edith Taleisnik
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium (V.A., H.Ab., L.V., Y.G., H.As., G.T.S.B.);Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt (H.Ab.);Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China (Z.Z.);Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland (B.F.);Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, S2002 LRK Rosario, Argentina (R.C.);Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium (D.K.); andConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), X5020ICA Cordoba, Argentina (E.T.)
| | - Yves Guisez
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium (V.A., H.Ab., L.V., Y.G., H.As., G.T.S.B.);Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt (H.Ab.);Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China (Z.Z.);Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland (B.F.);Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, S2002 LRK Rosario, Argentina (R.C.);Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium (D.K.); andConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), X5020ICA Cordoba, Argentina (E.T.)
| | - Han Asard
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium (V.A., H.Ab., L.V., Y.G., H.As., G.T.S.B.);Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt (H.Ab.);Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China (Z.Z.);Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland (B.F.);Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, S2002 LRK Rosario, Argentina (R.C.);Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium (D.K.); andConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), X5020ICA Cordoba, Argentina (E.T.)
| | - Gerrit T S Beemster
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium (V.A., H.Ab., L.V., Y.G., H.As., G.T.S.B.);Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt (H.Ab.);Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China (Z.Z.);Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland (B.F.);Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, S2002 LRK Rosario, Argentina (R.C.);Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium (D.K.); andConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), X5020ICA Cordoba, Argentina (E.T.)
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Adam N, Schmitt C, De Bruyn L, Knapen D, Blust R. Aquatic acute species sensitivity distributions of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles. Sci Total Environ 2015; 526:233-242. [PMID: 25933293 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles are increasingly being produced and will inevitably end up in the aquatic environment. Up till now, most papers have studied individual nanoparticle effects. However, the implementation of these data into a risk assessment tool, needed to characterise their risk to the aquatic environment, is still largely lacking. Therefore, aquatic species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) were constructed for ZnO and CuO nanoparticles and 5% hazard concentrations (HC5) were calculated in this study. The effect of individual nanoparticles on these SSDs was estimated by comparison with bulk SSDs. Additionally, the effect of nanoparticle dynamics (aggregation and dissolution) was considered by evaluating the effect of aggregate size on the toxicity, by estimation of the dissolved fraction and comparison with SSDs for ZnCl2 and CuCl2 inorganic salt. Bacteria, protozoa, yeast, rotifera, algae, nematoda, crustacea, hexapoda, fish and amphibia species were included in the analysis. The results show that algae (Zn) and crustacea (Zn, Cu) are the most sensitive species when exposed to the chemicals. Similar acute sensitivity distributions were obtained for ZnO nanoparticles (HC5: 0.06 with 90% confidence interval: 0.03-0.15 mg Zn/l; 43 data points), bulk ZnO (HC5: 0.06 with CI: 0.03-0.20 mg Zn/l; 23 dps) and ZnCl2 (HC5: 0.03 with CI: 0.02-0.05 mg Zn/l; 261 dps). CuO nanoparticles (HC5: 0.15 with CI: 0.05-0.47 mg Cu/l; 43 dps) are more toxic than the bulk materials (HC5: 6.19 with CI: 2.15-38.11 mg Cu/l; 12 dps) but less toxic than CuCl2 (HC5: 0.009 with CI: 0.007-0.012 mg Cu/l; 594 dps) to aquatic species. However, the combined dissolution and SSD results indicate that the toxicity of these nanoparticles is mainly caused by dissolved metal ions. Based on the available information, no current risk of these nanoparticles to the aquatic environment is expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Adam
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Claudia Schmitt
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Luc De Bruyn
- Evolutionary Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Kliniekstraat 25, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Physiology and Biochemistry of Domestic Animals, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Ronny Blust
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium.
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Pype C, Verbueken E, Saad MA, Van Peer E, Casteleyn C, Van Ginneken CJ, Knapen D, Van Cruchten SJ. Optimization of the co-incubation conditions in the mDarT assay. Reprod Toxicol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Knapen D, Vergauwen L, Villeneuve DL, Ankley GT. Using the AOP framework to develop zebrafish embryo assays for screening of chemicals. Reprod Toxicol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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50
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Van Hoeck A, Horemans N, Van Hees M, Nauts R, Knapen D, Vandenhove H, Blust R. β-Radiation Stress Responses on Growth and Antioxidative Defense System in Plants: A Study with Strontium-90 in Lemna minor. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:15309-27. [PMID: 26198226 PMCID: PMC4519901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160715309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the following study, dose dependent effects on growth and oxidative stress induced by β-radiation were examined to gain better insights in the mode of action of β-radiation induced stress in plant species. Radiostrontium (⁹⁰Sr) was used to test for β-radiation induced responses in the freshwater macrophyte Lemna minor. The accumulation pattern of 90Sr was examined for L. minor root and fronds separately over a seven-day time period and was subsequently used in a dynamic dosimetric model to calculate β-radiation dose rates. Exposing L. minor plants for seven days to a ⁹⁰Sr activity concentration of 25 up to 25,000 kBq·L⁻¹ resulted in a dose rate between 0.084 ± 0.004 and 97 ± 8 mGy·h⁻¹. After seven days of exposure, root fresh weight showed a dose dependent decrease starting from a dose rate of 9.4 ± 0.5 mGy·h⁻¹. Based on these data, an EDR10 value of 1.5 ± 0.4 mGy·h⁻¹ was estimated for root fresh weight and 52 ± 17 mGy·h⁻¹ for frond fresh weight. Different antioxidative enzymes and metabolites were further examined to analyze if β-radiation induces oxidative stress in L. minor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Van Hoeck
- SCK•CEN, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Nele Horemans
- SCK•CEN, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
- Centre for Environmental Research, University of Hasselt, Universiteitslaan 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - May Van Hees
- SCK•CEN, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Robin Nauts
- SCK•CEN, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Dries Knapen
- Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | | | - Ronny Blust
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium.
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