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Shan M, Liu D, Sun L, Yang M, He M, Zhang Y, Xiang L, Lu L, He H, Niu D, Chen L, Li S, Chen A, He F, Wang Y, Lian J. KIAA1429 facilitates metastasis via m6A-YTHDC1-dependent RND3 down-regulation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Lett 2024; 584:216598. [PMID: 38224863 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), a dynamically reversible modification in eukaryotic RNAs, modulates gene expression and pathological processes in various tumors. KIAA1429, the largest component of the m6A methyltransferase complex, plays an important role in m6A modification. However, the underlying mechanism of KIAA1429 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unknown. Immunohistochemical assay was performed to examine the expression of KIAA1429 in HCC tissues. Transwell, wound healing and animal experiments were used to investigate the influence of KIAA1429 on cell migration and invasion. The mRNA high-throughput sequencing (RNA-seq) and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) were performed to screen the downstream target of KIAA1429. RNA stability assays, RNA immunoprecipitation assay (RIP), MeRIP-qPCR and luciferase assay were used to evaluate the relationship between KIAA1429 and the m6A-modified genes. Results showed that the expression level of KIAA1429 was significantly higher in HCC tissues than in adjacent tissues, and the upregulation of KIAA1429 could promote HCC metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we confirmed that KIAA1429 negatively regulated the tumor suppressor, Rho family GTPase 3 (RND3), by decreasing its mRNA stability in coordination with the m6A reader YTHDC1. Moreover, we demonstrated that KIAA1429 could regulate the m6A modification of RND3 mRNA via its RNA binding domain. Our data indicated that KIAA1429 exerted its oncogenic role by inhibiting RND3 expression in an m6A-dependent manner, suggesting that KIAA1429 might be a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Shan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Liangbo Sun
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Mingzhen Yang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Meng He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Haiyan He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Dun Niu
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lingxi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shuhui Li
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - An Chen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fengtian He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Jiqin Lian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Basbous S, Dif L, Dantzer C, Di-Tommaso S, Dupuy JW, Bioulac-Sage P, Raymond AA, Desdouets C, Saltel F, Moreau V. Loss of RND3/RHOE controls entosis through LAMP1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:46. [PMID: 38218945 PMCID: PMC10787830 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06420-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Entosis is a process that leads to the formation of cell-in-cell structures commonly found in cancers. Here, we identified entosis in hepatocellular carcinoma and the loss of Rnd3 (also known as RhoE) as an efficient inducer of this mechanism. We characterized the different stages and the molecular regulators of entosis induced after Rnd3 silencing. We demonstrated that this process depends on the RhoA/ROCK pathway, but not on E-cadherin. The proteomic profiling of entotic cells allowed us to identify LAMP1 as a protein upregulated by Rnd3 silencing and implicated not only in the degradation final stage of entosis, but also in the full mechanism. Moreover, we found a positive correlation between the presence of entotic cells and the metastatic potential of tumors in human patient samples. Altogether, these data suggest the involvement of entosis in liver tumor progression and highlight a new perspective for entosis analysis in medicine research as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Basbous
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lydia Dif
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
| | - Camille Dantzer
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvaine Di-Tommaso
- CHU de Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
- Oncoprot Platform, UMS005, TBMCore, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-William Dupuy
- Oncoprot Platform, UMS005, TBMCore, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
- Proteomic plateform, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Paulette Bioulac-Sage
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne-Aurélie Raymond
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
- Oncoprot Platform, UMS005, TBMCore, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Chantal Desdouets
- Sorbonne University, INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Saltel
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
- Oncoprot Platform, UMS005, TBMCore, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Violaine Moreau
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France.
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Gest C, Sena S, Dif L, Neaud V, Loesch R, Dugot-Senant N, Paysan L, Piquet L, Robbe T, Allain N, Dembele D, Guettier C, Bioulac-Sage P, Rullier A, Le Bail B, Grosset CF, Saltel F, Lagrée V, Colnot S, Moreau V. Antagonism between wild-type and mutant β-catenin controls hepatoblastoma differentiation via fascin-1. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100691. [PMID: 37153687 PMCID: PMC10159820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims β-catenin is a well-known effector of the Wnt pathway, and a key player in cadherin-mediated cell adhesion. Oncogenic mutations of β-catenin are very frequent in paediatric liver primary tumours. Those mutations are mostly heterozygous, which allows the co-expression of wild-type (WT) and mutated β-catenins in tumour cells. We investigated the interplay between WT and mutated β-catenins in liver tumour cells, and searched for new actors of the β-catenin pathway. Methods Using an RNAi strategy in β-catenin-mutated hepatoblastoma (HB) cells, we dissociated the structural and transcriptional activities of β-catenin, which are carried mainly by WT and mutated proteins, respectively. Their impact was characterised using transcriptomic and functional analyses. We studied mice that develop liver tumours upon activation of β-catenin in hepatocytes (APCKO and β-cateninΔexon3 mice). We used transcriptomic data from mouse and human HB specimens, and used immunohistochemistry to analyse samples. Results We highlighted an antagonistic role of WT and mutated β-catenins with regard to hepatocyte differentiation, as attested by alterations in the expression of hepatocyte markers and the formation of bile canaliculi. We characterised fascin-1 as a transcriptional target of mutated β-catenin involved in tumour cell differentiation. Using mouse models, we found that fascin-1 is highly expressed in undifferentiated tumours. Finally, we found that fascin-1 is a specific marker of primitive cells including embryonal and blastemal cells in human HBs. Conclusions Fascin-1 expression is linked to a loss of differentiation and polarity of hepatocytes. We present fascin-1 as a previously unrecognised factor in the modulation of hepatocyte differentiation associated with β-catenin pathway alteration in the liver, and as a new potential target in HB. Impact and implications The FSCN1 gene, encoding fascin-1, was reported to be a metastasis-related gene in various cancers. Herein, we uncover its expression in poor-prognosis hepatoblastomas, a paediatric liver cancer. We show that fascin-1 expression is driven by the mutated beta-catenin in liver tumour cells. We provide new insights on the impact of fascin-1 expression on tumour cell differentiation. We highlight fascin-1 as a marker of immature cells in mouse and human hepatoblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Gest
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandra Sena
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lydia Dif
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
| | - Véronique Neaud
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
| | - Robin Loesch
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Paris, France
| | | | - Lisa Paysan
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
| | - Léo Piquet
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
| | - Terezinha Robbe
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nathalie Allain
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
| | - Doulaye Dembele
- IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104 – INSERM U 1258 – Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Catherine Guettier
- Department of Pathology, Bicêtre University Hospital, University of Paris-Saclay, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | | | - Anne Rullier
- Department of Pathology, University Bordeaux Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Brigitte Le Bail
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Pathology, University Bordeaux Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Frédéric Saltel
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
| | - Valérie Lagrée
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sabine Colnot
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Paris, France
| | - Violaine Moreau
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, Bordeaux, France
- Corresponding author. Address: 146 Rue Léo Saignat, F-33076, Bordeaux, France. Tel.: +33-5-57-57-12-72.
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Zhong W, Liu H, Li F, lin Y, Ye Y, Xu L, Li S, Chen H, Li C, Lin Y, Zhuang W, Lin Y, Wang Q. Elevated expression of LIF predicts a poor prognosis and promotes cell migration and invasion of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:934128. [PMID: 35992780 PMCID: PMC9382297 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.934128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the seventh most common cancer in humans, of which clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) accounts for the majority. Recently, although there have been significant breakthroughs in the treatment of ccRCC, the prognosis of targeted therapy is still poor. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a pleiotropic protein, which is overexpressed in many cancers and plays a carcinogenic role. In this study, we explored the expression and potential role of LIF in ccRCC. Methods The expression levels and prognostic effects of the LIF gene in ccRCC were detected using TCGA, GEO, ICGC, and ArrayExpress databases. The function of LIF in ccRCC was investigated using a series of cell function approaches. LIF-related genes were identified by weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA). GO and KEGG analyses were performed subsequently. Cox univariate and LASSO analyses were used to develop risk signatures based on LIF-related genes, and the prognostic model was validated in the ICGC and E-MTAB-1980 databases. Then, a nomogram model was constructed for survival prediction and validation of ccRCC patients. To further explore the drug sensitivity between LIF-related genes, we also conducted a drug sensitivity analysis based on the GDSC database. Results The mRNA and protein expression levels of LIF were significantly increased in ccRCC patients. In addition, a high expression of LIF has a poor prognostic effect in ccRCC patients. LIF knockdown can inhibit the migration and invasion of ccRCC cells. By using WGCNA, 97 LIF-related genes in ccRCC were identified. Next, a prognostic risk prediction model including eight LIF-related genes (TOB2, MEPCE, LIF, RGS2, RND3, KLF6, RRP12, and SOCS3) was developed and validated. Survival analysis and ROC curve analysis indicated that the eight LIF-related-gene predictive model had good performance in evaluating patients’ prognosis in different subgroups of ccRCC. Conclusion Our study revealed that LIF plays a carcinogenic role in ccRCC. In addition, we firstly integrated multiple LIF-related genes to set up a risk-predictive model. The model could accurately predict the prognosis of ccRCC, which offers clinical implications for risk stratification, drug screening, and therapeutic decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Zhong
- Central Laboratory at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Fujian-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Oriented Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment, Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Youyu lin
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan Ye
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Luyun Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - ShengZhao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chengcheng Li
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingshui Wang, ; Yao Lin, ; ; Wei Zhuang,
| | - Yao Lin
- Central Laboratory at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Fujian-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Oriented Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment, Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingshui Wang, ; Yao Lin, ; ; Wei Zhuang,
| | - Qingshui Wang
- Central Laboratory at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Fujian-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Oriented Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment, Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingshui Wang, ; Yao Lin, ; ; Wei Zhuang,
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Silencing of RND3/RHOE inhibits the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma and is associated with reversible senescence. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:437-444. [PMID: 35256752 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00445-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Rnd3/RhoE is an atypical Rho GTPase family member, known to be deregulated in many types of cancer. Previously, we showed that RND3 expression is downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and tissues. In cancer cells, Rnd3 is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and cell invasion. The implication of Rnd3 in HCC invasion was importantly studied whereas its role in cell growth needs further investigation. Thus, in this work, we aimed to better understand the impact of Rnd3 on tumor hepatocyte proliferation. Our results indicate that the silencing of RND3 induces a cell growth arrest both in vitro in 2D and 3D culture conditions and in vivo in tumor xenografts. The growth alteration after RND3 silencing in HCC cells is not due to an increase of cell death but to the induction of senescence. This RND3 knockdown-mediated phenomenon is dependent on the decrease of hTERT expression. Interestingly, after re-expression of RND3, these cells are able to bypass senescence and regain the ability to proliferate, with a re-expression of hTERT. Given that a low expression of Rnd3 is linked to the presence of satellite nodules in HCC, the transient senescence state observed might play a role in cancer progression.
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Targeting Cancer by Using Nanoparticles to Modulate RHO GTPase Signaling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1357:115-127. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-88071-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Korshunov A, Okonechnikov K, Stichel D, Schrimpf D, Delaidelli A, Tonn S, Mynarek M, Sievers P, Sahm F, Jones DTW, von Deimling A, Pfister SM, Kool M. Gene expression profiling of Group 3 medulloblastomas defines a clinically tractable stratification based on KIRREL2 expression. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 144:339-352. [PMID: 35771282 PMCID: PMC9288368 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02460-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastomas (MB) molecularly designated as Group 3 (Grp 3) MB represent a more clinically aggressive tumor variant which, as a group, displays heterogeneous molecular characteristics and disease outcomes. Reliable risk stratification of Grp 3 MB would allow for appropriate assignment of patients to aggressive treatment protocols and, vice versa, for sparing adverse effects of high-dose radio-chemotherapy in patients with standard or low-risk tumors. Here we performed RNA-based analysis on an international cohort of 179 molecularly designated Grp 3 MB treated with HIT protocols. We analyzed the clinical significance of differentially expressed genes, thereby developing optimal prognostic subdivision of this MB molecular group. We compared the transcriptome profiles of two Grp 3 MB subsets with various outcomes (76 died within the first 60 months vs. 103 survived this period) and identified 224 differentially expressed genes (DEG) between these two clinical groups (Limma R algorithm, adjusted p-value < 0.05). We selected the top six DEG overexpressed in the unfavorable cohort for further survival analysis and found that expression of all six genes strongly correlated with poor outcomes. However, only high expression of KIRREL2 was identified as an independent molecular prognostic indicator of poor patients' survival. Based on clinical and molecular patterns, four risk categories were outlined for Grp 3 MB patients: i. low-risk: M0-1/MYC non-amplified/KIRREL2 low (n = 48; 5-year OS-95%); ii. standard-risk: M0-1/MYC non-amplified/KIRREL2 high or M2-3/MYC non-amplified/KIRREL2 low (n = 65; 5-year OS-70%); iii. high-risk: M2-3/MYC non-amplified/KIRREL2 high (n = 36; 5-year OS-30%); iv. very high risk-all MYC amplified tumors (n = 30; 5-year OS-0%). Cross-validated survival models incorporating KIRREL2 expression with clinical features allowed for the reclassification of up to 50% of Grp 3 MB patients into a more appropriate risk category. Finally, KIRREL2 immunopositivity was also identified as a predictive indicator of Grp 3 MB poor survival, thus suggesting its application as a possible prognostic marker in routine clinical settings. Our results indicate that integration of KIRREL2 expression in risk stratification models may improve Grp 3 MB outcome prediction. Therefore, simple gene and/or protein expression analyses for this molecular marker could be easily adopted for Grp 3 MB prognostication and may help in assigning patients to optimal therapeutic approaches in prospective clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Korshunov
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology (B300), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Konstantin Okonechnikov
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany ,Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology (B062), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Damian Stichel
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology (B300), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany ,Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Schrimpf
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology (B300), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany ,Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alberto Delaidelli
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC Canada ,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Svenja Tonn
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Mynarek
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Sievers
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology (B300), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany ,Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Sahm
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology (B300), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany ,Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany ,Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David T. W. Jones
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,Division of Pediatric Glioma Research (B360), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology (B300), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany ,Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany ,Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan M. Pfister
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany ,Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology (B062), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Kool
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany ,Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology (B062), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Rnd proteins constitute a subfamily of Rho GTPases represented in mammals by Rnd1, Rnd2 and Rnd3. Despite their GTPase structure, their specific feature is the inability to hydrolyse GTP-bound nucleotide. This aspect makes them atypical among Rho GTPases. Rnds are regulated for their expression at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional levels and they are activated through post-translational modifications and interactions with other proteins. Rnd proteins are mainly involved in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and cell proliferation. Whereas Rnd3 is ubiquitously expressed, Rnd1 and 2 are tissue-specific. Increasing data has described their important role during development and diseases. Herein, we describe their involvement in physiological and pathological conditions with a focus on the neuronal and vascular systems, and summarize their implications in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Basbous
- INSERM, BaRITOn, U1053, F-33000, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Roberta Azzarelli
- Department of Biology, Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Emilie Pacary
- INSERM, U1215 - Neurocentre Magendie, F-33077, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Violaine Moreau
- INSERM, BaRITOn, U1053, F-33000, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Shao Z, Wang K, Zhang S, Yuan J, Liao X, Wu C, Zou Y, Ha Y, Shen Z, Guo J, Jie W. Ingenuity pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes involved in signaling pathways and molecular networks in RhoE gene‑edited cardiomyocytes. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1225-1238. [PMID: 32705255 PMCID: PMC7388835 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RhoE/Rnd3 is an atypical member of the Rho superfamily of proteins, However, the global biological function profile of this protein remains unsolved. In the present study, a RhoE‑knockout H9C2 cardiomyocyte cell line was established using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, following which differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the knockout and wild‑type cell lines were screened using whole genome expression gene chips. A total of 829 DEGs, including 417 upregulated and 412 downregulated, were identified using the threshold of fold changes ≥1.2 and P<0.05. Using the ingenuity pathways analysis system with a threshold of ‑Log (P‑value)>2, 67 canonical pathways were found to be enriched. Many of the detected signaling pathways, including that of oncostatin M signaling, were found to be associated with the inflammatory response. Subsequent disease and function analysis indicated that apart from cardiovascular disease and development function, RhoE may also be involved in other diseases and function, including organismal survival, cancer, organismal injury and abnormalities, cell‑to‑cell signaling and interaction, and molecular transport. In addition, 885 upstream regulators were enriched, including 59 molecules that were predicated to be strongly activated (Z‑score >2) and 60 molecules that were predicated to be significantly inhibited (Z‑scores <‑2). In particular, 33 regulatory effects and 25 networks were revealed to be associated with the DEGs. Among them, the most significant regulatory effects were 'adhesion of endothelial cells' and 'recruitment of myeloid cells' and the top network was 'neurological disease', 'hereditary disorder, organismal injury and abnormalities'. In conclusion, the present study successfully edited the RhoE gene in H9C2 cells using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and subsequently analyzed the enriched DEGs along with their associated canonical signaling pathways, diseases and functions classification, upstream regulatory molecules, regulatory effects and interaction networks. The results of the present study should facilitate the discovery of the global biological and functional properties of RhoE and provide new insights into role of RhoE in human diseases, especially those in the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongming Shao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Keke Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Shuya Zhang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research and Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, P.R. China
| | - Jianling Yuan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Liao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Caixia Wu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Zou
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Ha
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Shen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Junli Guo
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research and Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, P.R. China
| | - Wei Jie
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
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10
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Dysregulation of Rho GTPases in Human Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051179. [PMID: 32392742 PMCID: PMC7281333 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rho GTPases play central roles in numerous cellular processes, including cell motility, cell polarity, and cell cycle progression, by regulating actin cytoskeletal dynamics and cell adhesion. Dysregulation of Rho GTPase signaling is observed in a broad range of human cancers, and is associated with cancer development and malignant phenotypes, including metastasis and chemoresistance. Rho GTPase activity is precisely controlled by guanine nucleotide exchange factors, GTPase-activating proteins, and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors. Recent evidence demonstrates that it is also regulated by post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and sumoylation. Here, we review the current knowledge on the role of Rho GTPases, and the precise mechanisms controlling their activity in the regulation of cancer progression. In addition, we discuss targeting strategies for the development of new drugs to improve cancer therapy.
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11
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Jiang C, Li L, Xiang YQ, Lung ML, Zeng T, Lu J, Tsao SW, Zeng MS, Yun JP, Kwong DLW, Guan XY. Epstein-Barr Virus miRNA BART2-5p Promotes Metastasis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma by Suppressing RND3. Cancer Res 2020; 80:1957-1969. [PMID: 32060148 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related malignancy. Recently, we found that the EBV-encoded miRNA BART2-5p was increased in the serum of patients with preclinical nasopharyngeal carcinoma and that the copy number positively correlated with disease progression. In this study, we established its role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression and explored underlying mechanisms and clinical significance. BART2-5p was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for progression-free survival and its circulating abundance positively associated with distant metastasis. Ectopic expression of BART2-5p promoted migration and invasion of EBV-negative nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, whereas genetic downregulation of BART2-5p in EBV-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells decreased aggressiveness. Mechanistically, BART2-5p targeted RND3, a negative regulator of Rho signaling. Downregulation of RND3 phenocopied the effect of BART2-5p and reconstitution of RND3 rescued the phenotype. By suppressing RND3, BART2-5p activated Rho signaling to enhance cell motility. These findings suggest a novel role for EBV miRNA BART2-5p in promoting nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis and its potential value as a prognostic indicator or therapeutic target. SIGNIFICANCE: This study shows that EBV-encoded BART2-5p miRNA suppresses expression of the RND3 Rho family GTPase, consequently promoting ROCK signaling, cell motility, and metastatic behavior of NPC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yan-Qun Xiang
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maria Li Lung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tingting Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiabin Lu
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sai Wah Tsao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mu-Sheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Ping Yun
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dora L W Kwong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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12
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Nishizuka M, Komada R, Imagawa M. Knockdown of RhoE Expression Enhances TGF-β-Induced EMT (epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition) in Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194697. [PMID: 31546735 PMCID: PMC6801947 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer with early metastasis of the primary tumor is associated with poor prognosis and poor therapeutic outcomes. Since epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a role in acquisition of the ability to invade the pelvic lymph nodes and surrounding tissue, it is important to clarify the molecular mechanism underlying EMT in cervical cancer. RhoE, also known as Rnd3, is a member of the Rnd subfamily of Rho GTPases. While previous reports have suggested that RhoE may act as either a positive or a negative regulator of cancer metastasis and EMT, the role of RhoE during EMT in cervical cancer cells remains unclear. The present study revealed that RhoE expression was upregulated during transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-mediated EMT in human cervical cancer HeLa cells. Furthermore, reduced RhoE expression enhanced TGF-β-mediated EMT and migration of HeLa cells. In addition, we demonstrated that RhoE knockdown elevated RhoA activity and a ROCK inhibitor partially suppressed the acceleration of TGF-β-mediated EMT by RhoE knockdown. These results indicate that RhoE suppresses TGF-β-mediated EMT, partially via RhoA/ROCK signaling in cervical cancer HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Nishizuka
- Department of Applied Biology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8603, Japan.
| | - Rina Komada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8603, Japan.
| | - Masayoshi Imagawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8603, Japan.
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13
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Mouly L, Gilhodes J, Lemarié A, Cohen-Jonathan Moyal E, Toulas C, Favre G, Sordet O, Monferran S. The RND1 Small GTPase: Main Functions and Emerging Role in Oncogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153612. [PMID: 31344837 PMCID: PMC6696182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Rho GTPase family can be classified into classic and atypical members. Classic members cycle between an inactive Guanosine DiPhosphate -bound state and an active Guanosine TriPhosphate-bound state. Atypical Rho GTPases, such as RND1, are predominantly in an active GTP-bound conformation. The role of classic members in oncogenesis has been the subject of numerous studies, while that of atypical members has been less explored. Besides the roles of RND1 in healthy tissues, recent data suggest that RND1 is involved in oncogenesis and response to cancer therapeutics. Here, we present the current knowledge on RND1 expression, subcellular localization, and functions in healthy tissues. Then, we review data showing that RND1 expression is dysregulated in tumors, the molecular mechanisms involved in this deregulation, and the role of RND1 in oncogenesis. For several aggressive tumors, RND1 presents the features of a tumor suppressor gene. In these tumors, low expression of RND1 is associated with a bad prognosis for the patients. Finally, we highlight that RND1 expression is induced by anticancer agents and modulates their response. Of note, RND1 mRNA levels in tumors could be used as a predictive marker of both patient prognosis and response to anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Mouly
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR1037, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medecine, Université Toulouse III, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Julia Gilhodes
- Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-O, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Anthony Lemarié
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR1037, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medecine, Université Toulouse III, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Elizabeth Cohen-Jonathan Moyal
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR1037, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medecine, Université Toulouse III, 31062 Toulouse, France
- Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-O, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Toulas
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR1037, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-O, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Gilles Favre
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR1037, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medecine, Université Toulouse III, 31062 Toulouse, France
- Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-O, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Sordet
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR1037, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Sylvie Monferran
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR1037, 31037 Toulouse, France.
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medecine, Université Toulouse III, 31062 Toulouse, France.
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14
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Xu B, Lv W, Li X, Zhang L, Lin J. Prognostic genes of hepatocellular carcinoma based on gene coexpression network analysis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:11616-11623. [PMID: 30775801 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common subtype in liver cancer whose prognosis is affected by malignant progression associated with complex gene interactions. However, there is currently no available biomarkers associated with HCC progression in clinical application. In our study, RNA sequencing expression data of 50 normal samples and 374 tumor samples was analyzed and 9225 differentially expressed genes were screened. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis was then conducted and the blue module we were interested was identified by calculating the correlations between 17 gene modules and clinical features. In the blue module, the calculation of topological overlap was applied to select the top 30 genes and these 30 genes were divided into the green group (11 genes) and the yellow group (19 genes) through searching whether these genes were validated by in vitro or in vivo experiments. The genes in the green group which had never been validated by any experiments were recognized as hub genes. These hub genes were subsequently validated by a new data set GSE76427 and KM Plotter Online Tool, and the results indicated that 10 genes (FBXO43, ARHGEF39, MXD3, VIPR1, DNASE1L3, PHLDA1, CSRNP1, ADR2B, C1RL, and CDC37L1) could act as prognosis and progression biomarkers of HCC. In summary, 10 genes who have never been mentioned in HCC were identified to be associated with malignant progression and prognosis of patients. These findings may contribute to the improvement of the therapeutic decision, risk stratification, and prognosis prediction for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Wu Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
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15
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Zhong Y, Huang W, Du J, Wang Z, He J, Luo L. Improved Tol2-mediated enhancer trap identifies weakly expressed genes during liver and β cell development and regeneration in zebrafish. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:932-940. [PMID: 30504219 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver and pancreas are two major digestive organs, and among the different cell types in them, hepatocytes and the insulin-producing β cells have roles in both health and diseases. Accordingly, clinicians and researchers are very interested in the mechanisms underlying the development and regeneration of liver and pancreatic β cells. Gene and enhancer traps such as the Tol2 transposon-based system are useful for identifying genes potentially involved in developmental processes in the zebrafish model. Here, we developed a strategy that combines a Tol2-mediated enhancer trap and the Cre/loxP system by using loxP-flanked reporters driven by β cell- or hepatocyte-specific promoters and the upstream activating sequence (UAS)-driving Cre. Two double-transgenic reporter lines, Tg(ins:loxP-CFPNTR-loxP-DsRed; 10×UAS:Cre, cryaa:Venus) and Tg(fabp10:loxP-CFPNTR-loxP-DsRed; 10×UAS:Cre, cryaa:Venus), were established to label pancreatic β cells and hepatocytes, respectively. These two double-transgenic lines were each crossed with the Tol2-enhancer trap founder lines to screen for and identify genes expressed in the β cell and hepatocytes during development. This trap system coupled with application of nitroreductase (NTR)/metronidazole (Mtz)-mediated cell ablation could identify genes expressed during regeneration. Of note, pilot enhancer traps captured transiently and weakly expressed genes such as rab3da and ensab with higher efficiencies than traditional enhancer trap systems. In conclusion, through permanent genetic labeling by Cre/loxP, this improved Tol2-mediated enhancer trap system provides a promising method to identify transiently or weakly expressed, but potentially important, genes during development and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Zhong
- From the Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, and.,Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- From the Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, and.,Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Du
- From the Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, and.,Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Zekun Wang
- From the Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, and.,Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Jianbo He
- From the Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, and.,Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Lingfei Luo
- From the Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, and .,Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China
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16
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Piquet L, Robbe T, Neaud V, Basbous S, Rosciglione S, Saltel F, Moreau V. Rnd3/RhoE expression is regulated by G-actin through MKL1-SRF signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2018; 370:227-236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Shi B, Zhang X, Chao L, Zheng Y, Tan Y, Wang L, Zhang W. Comprehensive analysis of key genes, microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:1424-1436. [PMID: 30186744 PMCID: PMC6120244 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common aggressive cancer whose molecular mechanism remains elusive. We aimed to identify the key genes, microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved with HCC. We obtained mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA profiles for HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas and then identified differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs), miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) and lncRNAs (DElncRNAs). We performed functional annotation of DEmRNAs and then constructed HCC‐specific DEmiRNA–DEmRNA, DEmiRNA–DElncRNA and DElncRNA–DEmiRNA–DEmRNA interaction networks. We searched for nearby target cis‐DEmRNAs of DElncRNAs and performed receiver operating characteristic and survival analyses. A total of 1239 DEmRNAs, 33 DEmiRNAs and 167 DElncRNAs in HCC were obtained. Retinol metabolism [false discovery rate (FDR) = 7.02 × 10−14] and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 (FDR = 7.30 × 10−11) were two significantly enriched pathways in HCC. We obtained 545 DEmiRNA–DEmRNA pairs that consisted of 258 DEmRNAs and 28 DEmiRNAs in HCC. mir‐424, miR‐93 and miR‐3607 are three hub DEmiRNAs of the HCC‐specific DEmiRNA–DEmRNA interaction network. HAND2‐AS1/ENSG00000232855–miR‐93–LRAT/RND3, ENSG00000232855–miR‐877–RCAN1 and ENSG00000232855–miR‐224–RND3 interactions were found in the HCC‐specific DElncRNA–DEmiRNA–DEmRNA interaction network. A total of three DElncRNA–nearby target DEmRNA pairs (HCG25–KIFC1, LOC105378687–CDC20 and LOC101927043–EPCAM) in HCC were obtained. Diagnostic and prognostic values of several selected DElncRNAs, DEmRNAs and DEmiRNAs for HCC were assessed. Our study identified several DEmRNAs, DEmiRNAs and DElncRNAs with great diagnostic or prognostic value for HCC, which may facilitate studies into the molecular mechanisms, and development of potential biomarkers and therapeutic target sites for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoqi Shi
- Department of Intervention Inner Mongolia People's Hospital Hohhot China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Department of Intervention Inner Mongolia People's Hospital Hohhot China
| | - Lumeng Chao
- Department of Intervention Inner Mongolia People's Hospital Hohhot China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Intervention Inner Mongolia People's Hospital Hohhot China
| | - Yongsheng Tan
- Department of Intervention Inner Mongolia People's Hospital Hohhot China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Intervention Inner Mongolia People's Hospital Hohhot China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Intervention Inner Mongolia People's Hospital Hohhot China
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18
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Chen FF, Lv X, Zhao QF, Xu YZ, Song SS, Yu W, Li XJ. Inhibitor of DNA binding 3 reverses cisplatin resistance in human lung adenocarcinoma cells by regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:1634-1640. [PMID: 30008847 PMCID: PMC6036442 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitor of DNA-binding 3 (ID3) is a helix-loop-helix transcription factor that is associated with cell proliferation, differentiation and drug resistance in human cancer, and with anticancer effects in certain types of cancer cells. The present study investigated whether and how ID3 was involved in multidrug resistance (MDR) in human cisplatin (DDP)-resistant A549/DDP lung adenocarcinoma cells. The underlying mechanism of action was investigated in vitro. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry assays demonstrated that overexpression of ID3 enhanced chemosensitivity and decreased drug efflux in A549/DDP cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that the expression of anti-apoptotic gene B-cell lymphoma-2 was significantly downregulated in cells expressing exogenous ID3 (P<0.05). These results indicated that ID3 may synergize with DDP to increase apoptosis in A549/DDP cells. ID3 overexpression modulated the activity of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase signaling and downregulated the expression of multi-drug resistance protein-1, indicating that ID3 expression can reverse multi-drug resistance in A549/DDP cells. Collectively, these results indicate that ID3 is a potential effective chemotherapeutic target for the treatment of human DDP-resistant A549 lung adenocarcinoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Chen
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Xing Lv
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Qin-Fei Zhao
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Zhong Xu
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Sheng Song
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jun Li
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P.R. China
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19
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RND3 promotes Snail 1 protein degradation and inhibits glioblastoma cell migration and invasion. Oncotarget 2018; 7:82411-82423. [PMID: 27705942 PMCID: PMC5347701 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of Snail1 signaling promotes the migration and invasion of multiple tumors, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, the molecular mechanism that augments Snail1 signaling during GBM cell migration and invasion remains largely unknown. Identification of the factors that regulate Snail1 signaling is critical to block tumor cell migration and invasion. By screening human GBM specimens, we found that the expression levels of small GTPase RND3 positively correlated with the expression levels of E-cadherin and claudin, the glioblastoma migration biomarkers negatively regulated by Snail1. Downregulation of E-cadherin and claudin has been associated with the migration and invasion of GBM cells. We demonstrated that RND3 functioned as an endogenous inhibitor of the Snail-directed transcriptional regulation. RND3 physically interacted with Snail1 protein, enhanced Snail1 ubiquitination, and facilitated the protein degradation. Forced expression of RND3 inhibited Snail1 activity, which in turn blocked glioblastoma cell migration and invasion in vitro in cell culture and in vivo in GBM xenograft mice. In contrast, downregulation of RND3 augmented Snail1 activity, and subsequently decreased E-cadherin expression, eventually promoted glioblastoma cell migration and invasion. The pro-migration induced by RND3 downregulation was attenuated by Snail1 knockdown. The findings partially explain why Snail1 activity is augmented in GBM, and defines a new function of RND3 in GBM cell migration and invasion.
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20
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Ma W, Sze KMF, Chan LK, Lee JMF, Wei LL, Wong CM, Lee TKW, Wong CCL, Ng IOL. RhoE/ROCK2 regulates chemoresistance through NF-κB/IL-6/ STAT3 signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:41445-41459. [PMID: 27213590 PMCID: PMC5173071 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Small Rho GTPase (Rho) and its immediate effector Rho kinase (ROCK) are reported to regulate cell survival, but the detailed molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. We had previously shown that Rho/ROCK signaling was highly activated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we further demonstrated that downregulation of RhoE, a RhoA antagonist, and upregulation of ROCK enhanced resistance to chemotherapy in HCC in both in vitro cell and in vivo murine xenograft models, whereas a ROCK inhibitor was able to profoundly sensitize HCC tumors to cisplatin treatment. Specifically, the ROCK2 isoform but not ROCK1 maintained the chemoresistance in HCC cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that activation of ROCK2 enhanced the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 through increased expression of IL-6 and the IL-6 receptor complex. We also identified IKKβ as the direct downstream target of Rho/ROCK, and activation of ROCK2 significantly augmented NF-κB transcription activity and induced IL-6 expression. These data indicate that Rho/ROCK signaling activates a positive feedback loop of IKKβ/NF-κB/IL-6/STAT3 which confers chemoresistance to HCC cells and is a potential molecular target for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ma
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Karen Man-Fong Sze
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Lo Kong Chan
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Joyce Man-Fong Lee
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Larry Lai Wei
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Chun-Ming Wong
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Terence Kin-Wah Lee
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Carmen Chak-Lui Wong
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Irene Oi-Lin Ng
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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21
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Yang S, Chen Z, Fan D, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Wu S. Retracted Article: MiR-182-5p and miR-96-5p increased hepatocellular carcinoma cell mobility, proliferation and cisplatin resistance partially by targeting RND3. RSC Adv 2018; 8:34973-34983. [PMID: 35547072 PMCID: PMC9087357 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07055e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether miR-182-5p or miR-96-5p could increase hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development by targeting Rho Family GTPase 3 (RND3) gene expression. The expression levels of miR-182-5p, miR-96-5p and mRNA/protein of RND3 in non-HCC liver tissue, HCC tissue and adjacent tissue specimens were evaluated by RT-qPCR and western blot. Patient-derived HCC cell culture was established, and miR-182-5p or miR-96-5p agomir or antagomir treatment was performed to mimic the overexpression or knockdown of the two miRNAs. HCC cell mobility in vitro was monitored by trans-well migration and invasion assay, while HCC cell growth in vitro was evaluated by cell viability, proliferation and apoptosis assay. HCC cell apoptosis was further investigated by caspase-3/-8/-9 activity assay. MiR-182-5p and miR-96-5p were significantly upregulated in HCC tissue specimens compared with non-HCC or adjacent tissue specimens, inversely correlating to RND3 mRNA expression level. Treatment with miR-182-5p or miR-96-5p agomir significantly reduced RND3 mRNA/protein expression level in HCC cells. MiR-182-5p- or miR-96-5p-targeting RND3 mRNA was verified by luciferase reporter assay and AGO2-RNA immunoprecipitation assay. MiR-182-5p or miR-96-5p agomir treatment significantly rescued HCC cell migration and invasion in vitro that were repressed by RND3 overexpression, during which ROCK1 and ROCK2 inhibition were involved. MiR-182-5p or miR-96-5p agomir treatment also increased HCC cell proliferation and cisplatin resistance in vitro, which could be antagonized by RND3 overexpression or ROCK inhibition. Thus, miR-182-5p and miR-96-5p increased HCC cell mobility, proliferation and cisplatin resistance in vitro partially by targeting RND3. We investigated whether miR-182-5p or miR-96-5p could increase hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development by targeting Rho Family GTPase 3 (RND3) gene expression.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Yang
- Department of General Surgery
- Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of General Surgery
- Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Daguang Fan
- Department of General Surgery
- Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of General Surgery
- Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery
- Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Shusheng Wu
- Department of General Surgery
- Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital
- Taiyuan
- China
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22
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Li X, Chen H, Wang S, Dai J, Yan L, Wang J, Sun Y. Tacrolimus induces fibroblasts apoptosis and reduces epidural fibrosis by regulating miR-429 and its target of RhoE. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 490:1197-1204. [PMID: 28669722 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tacrolimus (FK506) has been demonstrated to reduce epidural fibrosis. However, the detailed mechanism of action has not been elucidated. Aberrant miR-429 is involved in many diseases. The aim of this study was to describe the exact mechanism of FK506 induced apoptosis in fibroblasts and the prevention of epidural fibrosis. FK506 induced fibroblast apoptosis was evaluated using CCK-8 assays, flow cytometry, and western blotting. The expression of miR-429 in fibroblasts treated with FK506 was determined by RT-qPCR. Additionally, luciferase activity assays were used to determine the target relationship between miR-429 and RhoE. Flow cytometry and western blot analysis were used to determine the effects of FK506 and miR-429 on fibroblast apoptosis. The effects of FK506 and RhoE on fibroblast apoptosis were determined by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, and western blotting. We also evaluate the effects of FK506 and miR-429 on epidural fibrosis in rats by using histological analysis and TUNEL-staining. The results revealed FK506 induces fibroblast apoptosis and significantly downregulates miR-429 expression in fibroblasts. Additionally, miR-429 downregulation caused the apoptosis of fibroblasts. The luciferase activity assay confirmed that RhoE is a direct target of miR-429 and RhoE promotes fibroblast apoptosis. The rat model demonstrated miR-429 inhibition promotes fibroblast apoptosis and epidural fibrosis, which is consistent with the results of FK506 treatment. Our study demonstrates that FK506 induces fibroblast apoptosis and reduces epidural fibrosis by regulating miR-429 expression and its target of RhoE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Shuguang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Jihang Dai
- Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Lianqi Yan
- Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Jingcheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225001, China.
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225001, China.
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23
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Wang F, Wang R, Li Q, Qu X, Hao Y, Yang J, Zhao H, Wang Q, Li G, Zhang F, Zhang H, Zhou X, Peng X, Bian Y, Xiao W. A transcriptome profile in hepatocellular carcinomas based on integrated analysis of microarray studies. Diagn Pathol 2017; 12:4. [PMID: 28086821 PMCID: PMC5237304 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-016-0596-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite new treatment options for hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) recently, 5-year survival remains poor, ranging from 50 to 70%, which may attribute to the lack of early diagnostic biomarkers. Thus, developing new biomarkers for early diagnosis of HCC, is extremely urgent, aiming to decrease HCC-related deaths. Methods In the study, we conducted a comprehensive characterization of gene expression data of HCC based on a bioinformatics method. The results were confirmed by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and TCGA database to prove the credibility of this integrated analysis. Results After integrating analysis of seven HCC gene expression datasets, 1167 differential expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. These genes mainly participated in the process of cell cycle, oocyte meiosis, and oocyte maturation mediated by progesterone. The results of experiments and TCGA database validation in 10 genes was in full accordance with findings in integrated analysis, indicating the high credibility of our integrated analysis of different gene expression datasets. ASPM, CCT3, and NEK2 was showed to be significantly associated with overall survival of HCC patients in TCGA database. Conclusion This method of integrated analysis may be a useful tool to minish the heterogeneity of individual microarray, hopefully outputs more accurate HCC transcriptome profiles based on large sample size, and explores some potential biomarkers and therapy targets for HCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13000-016-0596-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Ruliang Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Qiuwen Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xueling Qu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yixin Hao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Huixia Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Guanghui Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Fengyun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xioumei Peng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yang Bian
- Department of Bioinformatics, Beijing Medintell Biomed Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhua Xiao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Beijing, 100048, China.
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24
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Ezzoukhry Z, Henriet E, Piquet L, Boyé K, Bioulac-Sage P, Balabaud C, Couchy G, Zucman-Rossi J, Moreau V, Saltel F. TGF-β1 promotes linear invadosome formation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, through DDR1 up-regulation and collagen I cross-linking. Eur J Cell Biol 2016; 95:503-512. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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25
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Haga RB, Ridley AJ. Rho GTPases: Regulation and roles in cancer cell biology. Small GTPases 2016; 7:207-221. [PMID: 27628050 PMCID: PMC5129894 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2016.1232583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rho GTPases are well known for their roles in regulating cell migration, and also contribute to a variety of other cellular responses. They are subdivided into 2 groups: typical and atypical. The typical Rho family members, including RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42, cycle between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound conformation, and are regulated by GEFs, GAPs and GDIs, whereas atypical Rho family members have amino acid substitutions that alter their ability to interact with GTP/GDP and hence are regulated by different mechanisms. Both typical and atypical Rho GTPases contribute to cancer progression. In a few cancers, RhoA or Rac1 are mutated, but in most cancers expression levels and/or activity of Rho GTPases is altered. Rho GTPase signaling could therefore be therapeutically targeted in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel B. Haga
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anne J. Ridley
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK
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26
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Paysan L, Piquet L, Saltel F, Moreau V. Rnd3 in Cancer: A Review of the Evidence for Tumor Promoter or Suppressor. Mol Cancer Res 2016; 14:1033-1044. [PMID: 27555595 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-16-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rho-GTPases are members of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases and are general modulators of important cellular processes in tumor biology such as migration and proliferation. Among these proteins, Rnd3/RhoE, an atypical Rho-GTPase devoid of GTP hydrolytic activity, has recently been studied for its putative role in tumorigenesis. Indeed, Rnd3 is implicated in processes, such as proliferation and migration, whose deregulation is linked to cancer development and metastasis. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the data surrounding Rnd3 deregulation in cancers, its origin, and consequences. Presented here is a comprehensive account of the expression status and biological output obtained in prostate, liver, stomach, colon, lung, and brain cancers as well as in melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Although there appears to be no general consensus about Rnd3 expression in cancers as this protein is differently altered according to the tumor context, these alterations overwhelmingly favor a protumorigenic role. Thus, depending on the tumor type, it may behave either as a tumor suppressor or as a tumor promoter. Importantly, the deregulation of Rnd3, in most cases, is linked to patient poor outcome. IMPLICATIONS Rnd3 has prognostic marker potential as exemplified in lung cancers and Rnd3 or Rnd3-associated signaling pathways may represent a new putative therapeutic target. Mol Cancer Res; 14(11); 1033-44. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Paysan
- INSERM, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France.,Univ. Bordeaux, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France
| | - Léo Piquet
- INSERM, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France.,Univ. Bordeaux, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France
| | - Frédéric Saltel
- INSERM, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France.,Univ. Bordeaux, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France
| | - Violaine Moreau
- INSERM, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France. .,Univ. Bordeaux, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France
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27
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Thuault S, Comunale F, Hasna J, Fortier M, Planchon D, Elarouci N, De Reynies A, Bodin S, Blangy A, Gauthier-Rouvière C. The RhoE/ROCK/ARHGAP25 signaling pathway controls cell invasion by inhibition of Rac activity. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:2653-61. [PMID: 27413008 PMCID: PMC5007086 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-01-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of skeletal muscle origin in children and adolescents. Among RMS subtypes, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS), which is characterized by the presence of the PAX3-FOXO1A or PAX7-FOXO1A chimeric oncogenic transcription factor, is associated with poor prognosis and a strong risk of metastasis compared with the embryonal subtype (ERMS). To identify molecular pathways involved in ARMS aggressiveness, we first characterized the migratory behavior of cell lines derived from ARMS and ERMS biopsies using a three-dimensional spheroid cell invasion assay. ARMS cells were more invasive than ERMS cells and adopted an ellipsoidal morphology to efficiently invade the extracellular matrix. Moreover, the invasive potential of ARMS cells depended on ROCK activity, which is regulated by the GTPase RhoE. Specifically, RhoE expression was low in ARMS biopsies, and its overexpression in ARMS cells reduced their invasion potential. Conversely, ARHGAP25, a GTPase-activating protein for Rac, was up-regulated in ARMS biopsies. Moreover, we found that ARHGAP25 inhibits Rac activity downstream of ROCKII and is required for ARMS cell invasion. Our results indicate that the RhoE/ROCK/ARHGAP25 signaling pathway promotes ARMS invasive potential and identify these proteins as potential therapeutic targets for ARMS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Thuault
- Université de Montpellier, CRBM, CNRS, UMR 5237, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Franck Comunale
- Université de Montpellier, CRBM, CNRS, UMR 5237, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Jessy Hasna
- Université de Montpellier, CRBM, CNRS, UMR 5237, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Mathieu Fortier
- Université de Montpellier, CRBM, CNRS, UMR 5237, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Damien Planchon
- Université de Montpellier, CRBM, CNRS, UMR 5237, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Nabila Elarouci
- Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Aurélien De Reynies
- Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Bodin
- Université de Montpellier, CRBM, CNRS, UMR 5237, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Blangy
- Université de Montpellier, CRBM, CNRS, UMR 5237, 34293 Montpellier, France
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28
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Porter AP, Papaioannou A, Malliri A. Deregulation of Rho GTPases in cancer. Small GTPases 2016; 7:123-38. [PMID: 27104658 PMCID: PMC5003542 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2016.1173767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo studies and evidence from human tumors have long implicated Rho GTPase signaling in the formation and dissemination of a range of cancers. Recently next generation sequencing has identified direct mutations of Rho GTPases in human cancers. Moreover, the effects of ablating genes encoding Rho GTPases and their regulators in mouse models, or through pharmacological inhibition, strongly suggests that targeting Rho GTPase signaling could constitute an effective treatment. In this review we will explore the various ways in which Rho signaling can be deregulated in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P. Porter
- Cell Signaling Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alexandra Papaioannou
- Cell Signaling Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- “Cellular and Genetic Etiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Disease” Graduate Program, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Angeliki Malliri
- Cell Signaling Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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29
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Hernández-Sánchez M, Poch E, Guasch RM, Ortega J, López-Almela I, Palmero I, Pérez-Roger I. RhoE is required for contact inhibition and negatively regulates tumor initiation and progression. Oncotarget 2016; 6:17479-90. [PMID: 26036260 PMCID: PMC4627322 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RhoE is a small GTPase involved in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics, cell cycle and apoptosis. The role of RhoE in cancer is currently controversial, with reports of both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions for RhoE. Using RhoE-deficient mice, we show here that the absence of RhoE blunts contact-inhibition of growth by inhibiting p27Kip1 nuclear translocation and cooperates in oncogenic transformation of mouse primary fibroblasts. Heterozygous RhoE+/gt mice are more susceptible to chemically induced skin tumors and RhoE knock-down results in increased metastatic potential of cancer cells. These results indicate that RhoE plays a role in suppressing tumor initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Hernández-Sánchez
- Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Dep. Ciencias Biomédicas, Moncada, Spain.,Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Spain
| | - Enric Poch
- Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Dep. Ciencias Biomédicas, Moncada, Spain
| | - Rosa M Guasch
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Rho Signaling in Neuropathologies, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joaquín Ortega
- Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Facultad de Veterinaria, Dep. PASACTA, Moncada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada López-Almela
- Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Dep. Ciencias Biomédicas, Moncada, Spain
| | - Ignacio Palmero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Pérez-Roger
- Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Dep. Ciencias Biomédicas, Moncada, Spain
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30
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Abstract
Rnd3, also known as RhoE, belongs to the Rnd subclass of the Rho family of small guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding proteins. Rnd proteins are unique due to their inability to switch from a GTP-bound to GDP-bound conformation. Even though studies of the biological function of Rnd3 are far from being concluded, information is available regarding its expression pattern, cellular localization, and its activity, which can be altered depending on the conditions. The compiled data from these studies implies that Rnd3 may not be a traditional small GTPase. The basic role of Rnd3 is to report as an endogenous antagonist of RhoA signaling-mediated actin cytoskeleton dynamics, which specifically contributes to cell migration and neuron polarity. In addition, Rnd3 also plays a critical role in arresting cell cycle distribution, inhibiting cell growth, and inducing apoptosis and differentiation. Increasing data have shown that aberrant Rnd3 expression may be the leading cause of some systemic diseases; particularly highlighted in apoptotic cardiomyopathy, developmental arrhythmogenesis and heart failure, hydrocephalus, as well as tumor metastasis and chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, a better understanding of the function of Rnd3 under different physiological and pathological conditions, through the use of suitable models, would provide a novel insight into the origin and treatment of multiple human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jie
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kelsey C Andrade
- Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xi Lin
- Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiangsheng Yang
- Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaojing Yue
- Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jiang Chang
- Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, Texas, USA
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Inhibition of microRNA-196a might reverse cisplatin resistance of A549/DDP non-small-cell lung cancer cell line. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:2387-94. [PMID: 26376998 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to explore the possible mechanism of microRNA-196a (miR-196a) inhibition and reversion of drug resistance to cisplatin (DDP) of the A549/DDP non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect expression differences of miR-196a in the drug-resistant A549/DDP NLCLC cell line and the parental A549 cell line, and expressions of miR-196a in the A549/DDP NLCLC cell line transfected with miR-196a inhibitor (anti-miR-196a group) and the miR-196a negative control (miR-NC) group and blank group (without transfection). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test was applied in examining the cell viability of A549/DDP cell line before and after transfection. Clonogenic assay was used to detect cell proliferation ability. Flow cytometry was applied in detecting apoptosis rate of assayed tumor cell and rhodamine-123 changes in cells. Western blot was applied in detecting proteins of drug-resistant related gene in A549/DDP cell line. Significantly higher expression of miR-196a was detected in the drug-resistant A549/DDP cell line than that in the parental A549 cell line (P < 0.05). However, miR-196a expression in the anti-miR-196a group decreased obviously compared to that in the blank group and the miR-NC group (both P < 0.05); The value of IC50 in the anti-miR-196a group showed remarkably lower than that in the blank group and the miR-NC group (both P < 0.05); Rh-123 absorbing ability in the anti-miR-196a group increased 2.51 times and 2.49 times respectively compared to that in the blank group and the miR-NC group (both P < 0.05). No statistical differences in the apoptosis rate of A549/DDP cell line in the early stage were found among the three groups (all P > 0.05), but the late-stage apoptosis rate in the anti-miR-196a group was significantly higher than that in the blank group and the miR-NC group (both P < 0.05); The expressions of human multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1), multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1), excision repair cross-complementation 1 (ERCC1), survivin, and B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) decreased significantly while RhoE increased significantly in the anti-miR-196a group than the blank group and the miR-NC group (all P < 0.05). Inhibition of miR-196a could reverse cisplatin resistance of A549/DDP cell lines, which might relate with inhibition of drug efflux, down-regulation of drug-resistant protein expression, cell apoptosis, and cell proliferation suppression.
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32
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RhoB loss induces Rac1-dependent mesenchymal cell invasion in lung cells through PP2A inhibition. Oncogene 2015; 35:1760-9. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Juin A, Di Martino J, Leitinger B, Henriet E, Gary AS, Paysan L, Bomo J, Baffet G, Gauthier-Rouvière C, Rosenbaum J, Moreau V, Saltel F. Discoidin domain receptor 1 controls linear invadosome formation via a Cdc42-Tuba pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 207:517-33. [PMID: 25422375 PMCID: PMC4242841 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201404079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In tumor cells, the collagen receptor DDR1 collaborates with Cdc42 and its guanine exchange factor Tuba to promote linear invadosome formation and increase their matrix-invading activity. Accumulation of type I collagen fibrils in tumors is associated with an increased risk of metastasis. Invadosomes are F-actin structures able to degrade the extracellular matrix. We previously found that collagen I fibrils induced the formation of peculiar linear invadosomes in an unexpected integrin-independent manner. Here, we show that Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 (DDR1), a collagen receptor overexpressed in cancer, colocalizes with linear invadosomes in tumor cells and is required for their formation and matrix degradation ability. Unexpectedly, DDR1 kinase activity is not required for invadosome formation or activity, nor is Src tyrosine kinase. We show that the RhoGTPase Cdc42 is activated on collagen in a DDR1-dependent manner. Cdc42 and its specific guanine nucleotide-exchange factor (GEF), Tuba, localize to linear invadosomes, and both are required for linear invadosome formation. Finally, DDR1 depletion blocked cell invasion in a collagen gel. Altogether, our data uncover an important role for DDR1, acting through Tuba and Cdc42, in proteolysis-based cell invasion in a collagen-rich environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Juin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1053, F-33076 Bordeaux, France Université de Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Julie Di Martino
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1053, F-33076 Bordeaux, France Université de Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Birgit Leitinger
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, England, UK
| | - Elodie Henriet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1053, F-33076 Bordeaux, France Université de Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Gary
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1053, F-33076 Bordeaux, France Université de Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Lisa Paysan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1053, F-33076 Bordeaux, France Université de Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jeremy Bomo
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1085, Institut de Recherche sur la Santé l'Environnement et le Travail (IRSET), Université de Rennes 1, 35043 Rennes, France
| | - Georges Baffet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1085, Institut de Recherche sur la Santé l'Environnement et le Travail (IRSET), Université de Rennes 1, 35043 Rennes, France
| | - Cécile Gauthier-Rouvière
- Universités Montpellier 2 et 1, Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5237, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean Rosenbaum
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1053, F-33076 Bordeaux, France Université de Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Violaine Moreau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1053, F-33076 Bordeaux, France Université de Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Frédéric Saltel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1053, F-33076 Bordeaux, France Université de Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
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Tang Y, Hu C, Yang H, Cao L, Li Y, Deng P, Huang L. Rnd3 regulates lung cancer cell proliferation through notch signaling. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111897. [PMID: 25372032 PMCID: PMC4221162 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rnd3/RhoE is a small Rho GTPase involved in the regulation of different cell behaviors. Dysregulation of Rnd3 has been linked to tumorigenesis and metastasis. Lung cancers are the leading cause of cancer-related death in the West and around the world. The expression of Rnd3 and its ectopic role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain to be explored. Here, we reported that Rnd3 was down-regulated in three NSCLC cell lines: H358, H520 and A549. The down-regulation of Rnd3 led to hyper-activation of Rho Kinase and Notch signaling. The reintroduction of Rnd3 or selective inhibition of Notch signaling, but not Rho Kinase signaling, blocked the proliferation of H358 and H520 cells. Mechanistically, Notch intracellular domain (NICD) protein abundance in H358 cells was regulated by Rnd3-mediated NICD proteasome degradation. Rnd3 regulated H358 and H520 cell proliferation through a Notch1/NICD/Hes1 signaling axis independent of Rho Kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, the Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, the Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
| | - Huaping Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, the Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Liming Cao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, the Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, the Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Pengbo Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, the Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, the Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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Wang D, Zhang N, Ye Y, Qian J, Zhu Y, Wang C. Role and mechanisms of microRNA‑503 in drug resistance reversal in HepG2/ADM human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:3268-74. [PMID: 25269574 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and drug resistance is a major cause of treatment failure. In order to investigate the effects and mechanisms of microRNA‑503 (miR‑503) in the reversal of Adriamycin® (ADM) resistance in the drug‑resistant HepG2/ADM hepatocellular cancer cell line, an ADM‑resistant HepG2/ADM cell line was established using continuous drug exposure. HepG2/ADM cells overexpressing miR‑503 were further established. HepG2/ADM cells overexpressing miR‑503 demonstrated an enhanced sensitivity to ADM. Furthermore, miR‑503 overexpression was found to increase intracellular rhodamine‑123 levels and the rate of apoptosis, block the cell cycle at G0/G1‑phase and significantly decrease intracellular superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels. The expression of a number drug resistance‑related proteins, including multidrug resistance 1, multi drug resistance‑associated protein 1, DNA excision repair protein ERCC‑1, survivin and B‑cell lymphoma 2, was significantly downregulated by miR‑503 overexpression, as indicated by western blotting and a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. By contrast, levels of RhoE were increased. In addition, the phosphorylation of Akt was decreased and expression of cyclin‑dependent kinase 1 was decreased by miR‑503 overexpression. Furthermore, the secretion of transforming growth factor‑β, interleukin (IL)‑6 and IL‑8 was downregulated, and the transcriptional activities of nuclear factor κ‑light‑chain‑enhancer of activated B cells and activating protein‑1 were significantly reduced. In conclusion, miR‑503 was observed to reverse ADM resistance in HepG2/ADM cells by inhibiting drug efflux, downregulating the expression of drug resistance‑related proteins, blocking the cell cycle and promoting cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin 300074, P.R. China
| | - Yintao Ye
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Junqiang Qian
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vessels and Neural Degeneration, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
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RhoE deficiency alters postnatal subventricular zone development and the number of calbindin-expressing neurons in the olfactory bulb of mouse. Brain Struct Funct 2014; 220:3113-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-014-0846-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wu Y, Guo L, Liu J, Liu R, Liu M, Chen J. [The reversing and molecular mechanisms of miR-503 on the drug-resistance to cisplatin in A549/DDP cells]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2014; 17:1-7. [PMID: 24398307 PMCID: PMC6000201 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2014.01.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
背景与目的 临床上肺癌细胞往往出现对顺铂的耐药性,因此探讨肿瘤细胞的耐药机制,开发新的逆转耐药性的方法,对提高临床患者的受益有十分重要的意义。miRNA可通过其调控的目标基因,对多种与肿瘤细胞失控生长、抗凋亡、迁移和侵袭,甚至是肿瘤细胞对药物治疗的应答产生调控作用。本实验旨在探讨miR-503对肺癌顺铂耐药细胞株A549/DDP的耐药性逆转及其相关作用机制。 方法 应用MTS法检测miR-503对A549/DDP细胞顺铂耐受性的影响,流式细胞术检测肿瘤细胞凋亡率以及胞内罗丹明-123(Rhodamine-123, Rh-123)含量的变化,Western blot法和Real time PCR检测肿瘤细胞多药耐药蛋白MDR1、MRP1、Survivin和Bcl-2蛋白表达,以及Akt磷酸化的变化,应用双萤光报告基因技术检测细胞NF-κB和AP-1转录活性。 结果 与对照细胞组相比较,miR-503转染A549/DDP细胞株后,可明显增加细胞对顺铂的敏感性,使耐药逆转倍数增加为2.48倍,Rh-123含量升高2.49倍,细胞凋亡率提高10.3倍;在转录水平检测发现,与对照组相比较,miR-503转染的细胞中MDR1、MRP1、ERCC1、Survivin及Bcl-2等与肿瘤耐药相关基因的mRNA表达水平明显下调,而RhoE mRNA表达水平则明显升高(P < 0.05);进一步在蛋白水平亦证实MDR1、MRP1、ERCC1、Survivin、Bcl-2以及p-Akt的表达明显下降,RhoE的表达明显上升。 结论 miR-503可逆转A549/DDP对顺铂的耐药性,这一作用可能与抑制药物外排,负调控肿瘤耐药相关蛋白的表达,促进细胞凋亡有关。
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Lili Guo
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jinghao Liu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Renwang Liu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Minghui Liu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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Rnd3 haploinsufficient mice are predisposed to hemodynamic stress and develop apoptotic cardiomyopathy with heart failure. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1284. [PMID: 24901055 PMCID: PMC4611712 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Rho family guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) 3 (Rnd3), a member of the small Rho GTPase family, has been suggested to regulate cell actin cytoskeleton dynamics, cell migration, and apoptosis through the Rho kinase-dependent signaling pathway. The biological function of Rnd3 in the heart is unknown. The downregulation of small GTPase Rnd3 transcripts was found in patients with end-stage heart failure. The pathological significance of Rnd3 loss in the transition to heart failure remains unexplored. To investigate the functional consequence of Rnd3 downregulation and the associated molecular mechanism, we generated Rnd3+/− haploinsufficient mice to mimic the downregulation of Rnd3 observed in the failing human heart. Rnd3+/− mice were viable; however, the mice developed heart failure after pressure overload by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Remarkable apoptosis, increased caspase-3 activity, and elevated Rho kinase activity were detected in the Rnd3+/− haploinsufficient animal hearts. Pharmacological inhibition of Rho kinase by fasudil treatment partially improved Rnd3+/− mouse cardiac functions and attenuated myocardial apoptosis. To determine if Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase 1 (ROCK1) was responsible for Rnd3 deficiency-mediated apoptotic cardiomyopathy, we established a double-knockout mouse line, the Rnd3 haploinsufficient mice with ROCK1-null background (Rnd3+/−/ROCK1−/−). Again, genetic deletion of ROCK1 partially but not completely rescued Rnd3 deficiency-mediated heart failure phenotype. These data suggest that downregulation of Rnd3 correlates with cardiac loss of function as in heart failure patients. Animals with Rnd3 haploinsufficiency are predisposed to hemodynamic stress. Hyperactivation of Rho kinase activity is responsible in part for the apoptotic cardiomyopathy development. Further investigation of ROCK1-independent mechanisms in Rnd3-mediated cardiac remodeling should be the focus for future study.
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Murali A, Rajalingam K. Small Rho GTPases in the control of cell shape and mobility. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:1703-21. [PMID: 24276852 PMCID: PMC11113993 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1519-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Rho GTPases are a class of evolutionarily conserved proteins comprising 20 members, which are predominantly known for their role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton. They are primarily regulated by binding of GTP/GDP, which is again controlled by regulators like GEFs, GAPs, and RhoGDIs. Rho GTPases are thus far well known for their role in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton and migration. Here we present an overview on the role of Rho GTPases in regulating cell shape and plasticity of cell migration. Finally, we discuss the emerging roles of ubiquitination and sumoylation in regulating Rho GTPases and cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Murali
- Cell Death Signaling Group, Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Krishnaraj Rajalingam
- Cell Death Signaling Group, Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
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Abstract
Rho GTPases are a family of small GTPases, which play an important role in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Not surprisingly, Rho GTPases are crucial for cell migration and therefore highly important for cancer cell invasion and the formation of metastases. In addition, Rho GTPases are involved in growth and survival of tumor cells, in the interaction of tumor cells with their environment, and they are vital for the cancer supporting functions of the tumor stroma. Recent research has significantly improved our understanding of the regulation of Rho GTPase activity, the specificity of Rho GTPases, and their function in tumor stem cells and tumor stroma. This review summarizes these novel findings and tries to define challenging questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- University of Copenhagen, BRIC, BMI, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
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41
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Fu Y, Liu X, Zhou N, Du L, Sun Y, Zhang X, Ge Y. MicroRNA-200b Stimulates Tumour Growth in TGFBR2-Null Colorectal Cancers by Negatively Regulating p27/kip1. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:772-82. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Fu
- Department of Physiology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghua Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Ningtian Zhou
- Department of Cardiology; First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Lijian Du
- The Laboratory Center for Basic Medical Sciences; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Orthopedics; Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University; Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province; Yangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Physiology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Yingbin Ge
- Department of Physiology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing People's Republic of China
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Zhu Y, Zhou J, Xia H, Chen X, Qiu M, Huang J, Liu S, Tang Q, Lang N, Liu Z, Liu M, Zheng Y, Bi F. The Rho GTPase RhoE is a p53-regulated candidate tumor suppressor in cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2014; 44:896-904. [PMID: 24399089 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that RhoE, an atypical member of the Rho GTPase family, may play an opposite role to RhoA in regulating cell proliferation and invasion. To explore the relationship between RhoE and the malignant phenotypes of human cancer, we have determined the expression patterns of RhoE in varying grade of human cancer tissues and tested the effects of RhoE expression in several RhoE underexpressing cancer cell lines. Systemic immunocytochemistry analyses of gastric, colorectal, lung and breast carcinomas, respectively, showed that RhoE protein expression was significantly decreased in most cancer cases compared with that of adjacent normal tissues. Enhanced RhoE expression could markedly inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion and induce apoptosis of the cancer cells which have relatively low levels of endogenous RhoE expression. Wild-type p53 (wt-p53) could strongly increase RhoE expression in p53-transfected cells. Furthermore, the luciferase assays indicated that wt-p53 significantly enhanced the activities of RhoE promoter compared with mutant p53 (mt-p53) in PC3 cells (p53 null). Collectively, data are presented showing that RhoE may participate in human cancer progression and act as a candidate target of p53, and these findings also strongly suggest that RhoE may be a new candidate tumor suppressor and could serve as a potential target in the gene therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeting Therapy, West China Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jitao Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeting Therapy, West China Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Xia
- Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeting Therapy, West China Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiangzheng Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeting Therapy, West China Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Meng Qiu
- Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeting Therapy, West China Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeting Therapy, West China Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Surui Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeting Therapy, West China Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Qiulin Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeting Therapy, West China Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Nan Lang
- Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeting Therapy, West China Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeting Therapy, West China Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeting Therapy, West China Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Children's Hospital Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Feng Bi
- Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeting Therapy, West China Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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SCHMIDT MARIANNE, SCHOLZ CLAUSJUERGEN, GAVRIL GEORGIANALUMINITA, OTTO CLEMENS, POLEDNIK CHRISTINE, ROLLER JEANETTE, HAGEN RUDOLF. Effect of Galium verum aqueous extract on growth, motility and gene expression in drug-sensitive and -resistant laryngeal carcinoma cell lines. Int J Oncol 2013; 44:745-60. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Feng B, Li K, Zhong H, Ren G, Wang H, Shang Y, Bai M, Liang J, Wang X, Fan D. RhoE promotes metastasis in gastric cancer through a mechanism dependent on enhanced expression of CXCR4. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81709. [PMID: 24312338 PMCID: PMC3843694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RhoE, a novel member of the Rho protein family, is a key regulator of the cytoskeleton and cell migration. Our group has previously shown that RhoE as a direct target for HIF-1α and mediates hypoxia-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells. Therefore, we assumed that RhoE might play an important role in gastric cancer metastasis. In the present study, we have explored the role of RhoE expression in gastric cancer, cell invasion and metastasis, and the influence of RhoE on regulating the potential expression of down-stream genes. RhoE expression was elevated in gastric cancer tissues as compared with normal gastric tissues. We also found a close correlation between the histological grade and the diagnosis of the patient. Up-regulation of RhoE significantly enhanced the migratory and invasive abilities of gastric cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, down-regulation of RhoE diminished the metastatic potential of cancer cells. PCR array and subsequent transwell assay showed that the regulation of gastric cancer metastasis by RhoE was partially mediated by CXCR4. This observation suggested that CXCR4 might be a downstream effector for RhoE. In summary, our study identified RhoE as a novel prognostic biomarker and metastatic-promoting gene of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haixing Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gui Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hefei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yulong Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ming Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (JL); (XW); (DF)
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (JL); (XW); (DF)
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (JL); (XW); (DF)
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Tang H, Deng M, Tang Y, Xie X, Guo J, Kong Y, Ye F, Su Q, Xie X. miR-200b and miR-200c as prognostic factors and mediators of gastric cancer cell progression. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:5602-12. [PMID: 23995857 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-1326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic significance and potential role of miR-200b and miR-200c in the development and progression of gastric cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We examined miR-200b and miR-200c expression in 36 paired normal and stomach tumor specimens, as well as gastric cancer cell lines, by quantitative real-time PCR. In addition, miR-200b and miR-200c were detected by ISH using gastric cancer tissue microarrays, and the association between miR-200b and miR-200c levels and clinicopathologic factors and prognosis were analyzed. A luciferase assay was conducted for target evaluation. The functional effects of miR-200b and miR-200c on gastric cancer cells were validated by a cell proliferation assay and cell invasion and migration assays. RESULTS miR-200b and miR-200c were downregulated in the gastric cancer specimens and cell lines tested. miR-200b and miR-200c levels were significantly correlated with the clinical stage, T stage, lymph node metastasis, and survival of patients. Ectopic expression of miR-200b and miR-200c impaired cell growth and invasion. In addition, when overexpressed, miR-200b and miR-200c commonly directly targeted DNMT3A, DNMT3B, and SP1 (a transactivator of the DNMT1 gene), which resulted in marked reduction of the expression of DNA methyltransferases DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B at the protein level. This effect, in turn, led to a decrease in global DNA methylation and reexpression of p16, RASS1A1, and E-cadherin via promoter DNA hypomethylation. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that miR-200b and miR-200c, as valuable markers of gastric cancer prognosis, may be a promising approach to human gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Tang
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center; Cancer Hospital and Cancer Research Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong; and Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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IAPs on the move: role of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins in cell migration. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e784. [PMID: 24008728 PMCID: PMC3789170 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs) are a class of highly conserved proteins predominantly known for the regulation of caspases and immune signaling. However, recent evidence suggests a crucial role for these molecules in the regulation of tumor cell shape and migration by controlling MAPK, NF-κB and Rho GTPases. IAPs directly control Rho GTPases, thus regulating cell shape and migration. For instance, XIAP and cIAP1 function as the direct E3 ubiquitin ligases of Rac1 and target it for proteasomal degradation. IAPs are differentially expressed in tumor cells and have been targeted by several cancer therapeutic drugs that are currently in clinical trials. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of IAPs in the regulation of cell migration and discuss the possible implications of these observations in regulating tumor cell metastases.
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Xia H, Li M, Chen L, Leng W, Yuan D, Pang X, Chen L, Li R, Tang Q, Bi F. Suppression of RND3 activity by AES downregulation promotes cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Int J Mol Med 2013; 31:1081-6. [PMID: 23546594 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Amino-terminal enhancer of split (AES) is a member of the Groucho/TLE family. Although it has no DNA-binding site, AES can regulate transcriptional activity by interacting with transcriptional factors. Emerging evidence indicates that AES may play an important role in tumor metastasis, but the molecular mechanism is still poorly understood. In this study, we found that knockdown of AES by RNA interference (RNAi) downregulated RND3 expression at the mRNA and protein levels in MDA-MB-231 and HepG2, two cancer cell lines. Furthermore, luciferase assays showed that overexpression of AES significantly enhanced RND3 promoter activity. Moreover, inhibition of AES both in MDA-MB-231 and HepG2 cells by RNAi significantly promoted cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and invasion, consistent with the effects of RNAi-mediated RND3 knockdown in these cells. For the first time, data are presented showing that alteration of the malignant behavior of cancer cells by AES is related to RND3 regulation, and these findings also provide new insights into the mechanism of AES action in regulating tumor malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Xia
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeted Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
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Ma W, Wong CCL, Tung EKK, Wong CM, Ng IOL. RhoE is frequently down-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and suppresses HCC invasion through antagonizing the Rho/Rho-kinase/myosin phosphatase target pathway. Hepatology 2013; 57:152-61. [PMID: 22829315 DOI: 10.1002/hep.25987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Deregulation of Rho guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) pathways plays an important role in tumorigenesis and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). RhoE/Rnd3 belongs to an atypical subfamily of the RhoGTPase, the Rnd family, as it lacks the intrinsic GTPase activity and remains always in its active GTP-bound form. In this study we investigated the role of RhoE in HCC. We examined the expression of RhoE in primary HCC samples from patients predominantly infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and found that the RhoE messenger RNA (mRNA) level was frequently down-regulated (83.1%, 59/71) in HCCs. Low expression of RhoE in the tumors was significantly associated with shorter disease-free survival (P = 0.020) of the patients. Knockdown of RhoE by short-hairpin RNA using a lentiviral approach led to increased cell motility and invasiveness in SMMC7721 and BEL7402 HCC cells. Moreover, in vivo an orthotopic liver injection model in nude mice further demonstrated that knockdown of RhoE enhanced local invasion of HCC cells in the livers, with more invasive tumor front and increased incidence of venous invasion. Mechanistically, stable knockdown of RhoE in HCC cells significantly enhanced the phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase, promoted assembly of stress fibers, and increased the formation of plasma membrane blebbings, all these changes and activities being associated with activation of the Rho/Rho-kinase (ROCK) pathway. CONCLUSION RhoE was frequently down-regulated in predominantly HBV-associated HCCs and this down-regulation was associated with a more aggressive HCC phenotype. RhoE regulated the cytoskeleton remodeling and suppressed HCC motility and invasiveness by way of inhibiting the Rho/ROCK axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Toh ST, Jin Y, Liu L, Wang J, Babrzadeh F, Gharizadeh B, Ronaghi M, Toh HC, Chow PKH, Chung AYF, Ooi LLPJ, Lee CGL. Deep sequencing of the hepatitis B virus in hepatocellular carcinoma patients reveals enriched integration events, structural alterations and sequence variations. Carcinogenesis 2012; 34:787-98. [PMID: 23276797 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is epidemiologically associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its role in HCC remains poorly understood due to technological limitations. In this study, we systematically characterize HBV in HCC patients. HBV sequences were enriched from 48 HCC patients using an oligo-bead-based strategy, pooled together and sequenced using the FLX-Genome-Sequencer. In the tumors, preferential integration of HBV into promoters of genes (P < 0.001) and significant enrichment of integration into chromosome 10 (P < 0.01) were observed. Integration into chromosome 10 was significantly associated with poorly differentiated tumors (P < 0.05). Notably, in the tumors, recurrent integration into the promoter of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene was found to correlate with increased TERT expression. The preferred region within the HBV genome involved in integration and viral structural alteration is at the 3'-end of hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx), where viral replication/transcription initiates. Upon integration, the 3'-end of the HBx is often deleted. HBx-human chimeric transcripts, the most common type of chimeric transcripts, can be expressed as chimeric proteins. Sequence variation resulting in non-conservative amino acid substitutions are commonly observed in HBV genome. This study highlights HBV as highly mutable in HCC patients with preferential regions within the host and virus genome for HBV integration/structural alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Ting Toh
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Luna C, Li G, Huang J, Qiu J, Wu J, Yuan F, Epstein DL, Gonzalez P. Regulation of trabecular meshwork cell contraction and intraocular pressure by miR-200c. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51688. [PMID: 23272142 PMCID: PMC3522713 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) delays or prevents the loss of vision in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients with high IOP and in those with normal tension glaucoma showing progression. Abundant evidence demonstrates that inhibition of contractile machinery of the trabecular meshwork cells is an effective method to lower IOP. However, the mechanisms involved in the regulation of trabecular contraction are not well understood. Although microRNAs have been shown to play important roles in the regulation of multiple cellular functions, little is known about their potential involvement in the regulation of IOP. Here, we showed that miR-200c is a direct postranscriptional inhibitor of genes relevant to the physiologic regulation of TM cell contraction including the validated targets Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 and 2 (ZEB1 and ZEB2), and formin homology 2 domain containing 1 (FHOD1), as well as three novel targets: lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPAR1/EDG2), endothelin A receptor (ETAR), and RhoA kinase (RHOA). Consistently, transfection of TM cells with miR-200c resulted in strong inhibition of contraction in collagen populated gels as well as decreased cell traction forces exerted by individual TM cells. Finally, delivery of miR-200c to the anterior chamber of living rat eyes resulted in a significant decrease in IOP, while inhibition of miR-200c using an adenoviral vector expressing a molecular sponge led to a significant increase in IOP. These results demonstrate for the first time the ability of a miRNA to regulate trabecular contraction and modulate IOP in vivo, making miR-200c a worthy candidate for exploring ways to alter trabecular contractility with therapeutic purposes in glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralia Luna
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Guorong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jianyong Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jianming Qiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Fan Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David L. Epstein
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Pedro Gonzalez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
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