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Nabekura T, Matsuo S, Shibuya A. Concanavalin-A-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice. Curr Protoc 2024; 4:e1117. [PMID: 39126326 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.1117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Acute liver injury is a life-threatening disease. Although immune responses are involved in the development and exacerbation of acute liver injury, the cellular and molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Intravenous administration of the plant lectin concanavalin A (ConA) is widely used as a model of acute liver injury. ConA triggers T cell activation and cytokine production by crosslinking glycoproteins, including the T cell receptor, leading to the infiltration of myeloid cells into the liver and the subsequent amplification of inflammation in the liver. Thus, the pathogenesis of ConA-induced acute liver injury is considered a model of immune-mediated acute liver injury or autoimmune hepatitis in humans. However, the severity of the liver injury and the analyses of immune cells and non-hematopoietic cells in the liver following ConA injection are significantly influenced by the experimental conditions. This article outlines protocols for ConA-induced acute liver injury in mice and evaluation methods for liver injury, immune cells, and non-hematopoietic cells in the liver. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Induction of acute liver injury by ConA injection Basic Protocol 2: Evaluation of inflammatory cytokines in mouse plasma Basic Protocol 3: Preparation of liver sections and histological analysis of liver injury Basic Protocol 4: Preparation of liver immune cells Basic Protocol 5: Preparation of hepatocytes, endothelial cells, and hepatic stellate cells Basic Protocol 6: Flow cytometry of immune and non-hematopoietic liver cells Basic Protocol 7: Flow cytometric sorting of endothelial cells and hepatic stellate cells Basic Protocol 8: Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Nabekura
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- R&D Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Division of Immune Response, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Soichi Matsuo
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Doctoral Program in Medical Science, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Advanced Medical Technologies, National Cerebral and Vascular Cancer Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Shibuya
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- R&D Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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2
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Wachtendorf S, Jonin F, Ochel A, Heinrich F, Westendorf AM, Tiegs G, Neumann K. The ST2 + Treg/amphiregulin axis protects from immune-mediated hepatitis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1351405. [PMID: 38571949 PMCID: PMC10987816 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1351405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The alarmin IL-33 has been implicated in the pathology of immune-mediated liver diseases. IL-33 activates regulatory T cells (Tregs) and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) expressing the IL-33 receptor ST2. We have previously shown that endogenous IL-33/ST2 signaling activates ILC2s that aggravate liver injury in murine immune-mediated hepatitis. However, treatment of mice with exogenous IL-33 before induction of hepatitis ameliorated disease severity. Since IL-33 induces expression of amphiregulin (AREG) crucial for Treg function, we investigated the immunoregulatory role of the ST2+ Treg/AREG axis in immune-mediated hepatitis. Methods C57BL/6, ST2-deficient (Il1rl1-/-) and Areg-/- mice received concanavalin A to induce immune-mediated hepatitis. Foxp3Cre+ x ST2fl/fl mice were pre-treated with IL-33 before induction of immune-mediated hepatitis. Treg function was assessed by adoptive transfer experiments and suppression assays. The effects of AREG and IL-33 on ST2+ Tregs and ILC2s were investigated in vitro. Immune cell phenotype was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results and discussion We identified IL-33-responsive ST2+ Tregs as an effector Treg subset in the murine liver, which was highly activated in immune-mediated hepatitis. Lack of endogenous IL-33 signaling in Il1rl1-/- mice aggravated disease pathology. This was associated with reduced Treg activation. Adoptive transfer of exogenous IL-33-activated ST2+ Tregs before induction of hepatitis suppressed inflammatory T-cell responses and ameliorated disease pathology. We further showed increased expression of AREG by hepatic ST2+ Tregs and ILC2s in immune-mediated hepatitis. Areg-/- mice developed more severe liver injury, which was associated with enhanced ILC2 activation and less ST2+ Tregs in the inflamed liver. Exogenous AREG suppressed ILC2 cytokine expression and enhanced ST2+ Treg activation in vitro. In addition, Tregs from Areg-/- mice were impaired in their capacity to suppress CD4+ T-cell activation in vitro. Moreover, application of exogenous IL-33 before disease induction did not protect Foxp3Cre+ x ST2fl/fl mice lacking ST2+ Tregs from immune-mediated hepatitis. In summary, we describe an immunoregulatory role of the ST2+ Treg/AREG axis in immune-mediated hepatitis, in which AREG suppresses the activation of hepatic ILC2s while maintaining ST2+ Tregs and reinforcing their immunosuppressive capacity in liver inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Wachtendorf
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fitriasari Jonin
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Aaron Ochel
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Heinrich
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Astrid M. Westendorf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gisa Tiegs
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Neumann
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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3
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Qiang R, Liu XZ, Xu JC. The Immune Pathogenesis of Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure and the Danger Hypothesis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:935160. [PMID: 35911735 PMCID: PMC9329538 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.935160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a group of clinical syndromes related to severe acute liver function impairment and multiple-organ failure caused by various acute triggering factors on the basis of chronic liver disease. Due to its severe condition, rapid progression, and high mortality, it has received increasing attention. Recent studies have shown that the pathogenesis of ACLF mainly includes direct injury and immune injury. In immune injury, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), dendritic cells (DCs), and CD4+ T cells accumulate in the liver tissue, secrete a variety of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and recruit more immune cells to the liver, resulting in immune damage to the liver tissue, massive hepatocyte necrosis, and liver failure, but the key molecules and signaling pathways remain unclear. The “danger hypothesis” holds that in addition to the need for antigens, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) also play a very important role in the occurrence of the immune response, and this hypothesis is related to the pathogenesis of ACLF. Here, the research status and development trend of ACLF, as well as the mechanism of action and research progress on various DAMPs in ACLF, are summarized to identify biomarkers that can predict the occurrence and development of diseases or the prognosis of patients at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qiang
- The Affiliated Infectious Diseases Hospital, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xing-Zi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun-Chi Xu
- The Affiliated Infectious Diseases Hospital, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Suzhou City, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jun-Chi Xu,
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4
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Wang P, Shi B, Wang C, Wang Y, Que W, Jiang Z, Liu X, Jiang Q, Li H, Peng Z, Zhong L. Hepatic pannexin-1 mediates ST2 + regulatory T cells promoting resolution of inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e849. [PMID: 35593197 PMCID: PMC9121315 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis remains the most lethal infectious disease and substantially impairs patient prognosis after liver transplantation (LT). Our previous study reported a role of the pannexin 1 (PANX1)–interleukin‐33 (IL‐33) axis in activating innate immunity to protect against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection; however, the role of PANX1 in regulating adaptive immunity in sepsis and the underlying mechanism are unclear. In this study, we examined the role of the PANX1–IL‐33 axis in protecting against sepsis caused by a gram‐negative bacterial infection in an independent LT cohort. Next, in animal studies, we assessed the immunological state of Panx1−/‐ mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced endotoxemia and then focused on the cytokine storm and regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are crucial for the resolution of inflammation. To generate liver‐specific Panx1‐deficient mice and mimic clinical LT procedures, a mouse LT model was established. We demonstrated that hepatic PANX1 deficiency exacerbated LPS‐induced endotoxemia and dysregulated the immune response in the mouse LT model. In hepatocytes, we confirmed that PANX1 positively regulated IL‐33 synthesis after LPS administration. We showed that the adenosine triphosphate‐P2X7 pathway regulated the hepatic PANX1–IL‐33 axis during endotoxemia in vitro and in vivo. Recombinant IL‐33 treatment rescued LPS‐induced endotoxemia by increasing the numbers of liver‐infiltrating ST2+ Tregs and attenuating the cytokine storm in hepatic PANX1‐deficient mice. In conclusion, our findings revealed that the hepatic PANX1–IL‐33 axis protects against endotoxemia and liver injury by targeting ST2+ Tregs and promoting the early resolution of hyperinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pusen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baojie Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunguang Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Unit of Pathogenic Fungal Infection & Host Immunity, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Weitao Que
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueni Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianwei Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihai Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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5
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Hu Y, Zhang H, Xie N, Liu D, Jiang Y, Liu Z, Ye D, Liu S, Chen X, Li C, Wang Q, Huang X, Liu Y, Shi Y, Zhang X. Bcl-3 promotes TNF-induced hepatocyte apoptosis by regulating the deubiquitination of RIP1. Cell Death Differ 2021; 29:1176-1186. [PMID: 34853447 PMCID: PMC9177694 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00908-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) is described as a main regulator of cell survival and apoptosis in multiple types of cells, including hepatocytes. Dysregulation in TNF-induced apoptosis is associated with many autoimmune diseases and various liver diseases. Here, we demonstrated a crucial role of Bcl-3, an IκB family member, in regulating TNF-induced hepatic cell death. Specifically, we found that the presence of Bcl-3 promoted TNF-induced cell death in the liver, while Bcl-3 deficiency protected mice against TNF/D-GalN induced hepatoxicity and lethality. Consistently, Bcl-3-depleted hepatic cells exhibited decreased sensitivity to TNF-induced apoptosis when stimulated with TNF/CHX. Mechanistically, the in vitro results showed that Bcl-3 interacted with the deubiquitinase CYLD to synergistically switch the ubiquitination status of RIP1 and facilitate the formation of death-inducing Complex II. This complex further resulted in activation of the caspase cascade to induce apoptosis. By revealing this novel role of Bcl-3 in regulating TNF-induced hepatic cell death, this study provides a potential therapeutic target for liver diseases caused by TNF-related apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Hu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 510000, Guangzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Haohao Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 510000, Guangzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningxia Xie
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 510000, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 510000, Guangzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhang Jiang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 510000, Guangzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 510000, Guangzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Deji Ye
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 510000, Guangzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Sanhong Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuifeng Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 510000, Guangzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 510000, Guangzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingxu Huang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 510000, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufang Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoren Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 510000, Guangzhou, China. .,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Li H, Yu X, Shi B, Zhang K, Yuan L, Liu X, Wang P, Lv J, Meng G, Xuan Q, Wu W, Li B, Peng X, Qin X, Liu W, Zhong L, Peng Z. Reduced pannexin 1-IL-33 axis function in donor livers increases risk of MRSA infection in liver transplant recipients. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/606/eaaz6169. [PMID: 34380770 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz6169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Liver transplantation patients are at increased risk for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection, but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. We found that genetic predisposition to low pannexin 1 (PANX1) expression in donor livers was associated with MRSA infection in human liver transplantation recipients. Using Panx1 and Il-33-knockout mice for liver transplantation models with MRSA tail vein injection, we demonstrated that Panx1 deficiency increased MRSA-induced liver injury and animal death. We found that decreased PANX1 expression in the liver led to reduced release of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from hepatocytes, which further reduced the activation of P2X2, an ATP-activating P2X receptor. Reduced P2X2 function further decreased the NLRP3-mediated release of interleukin-33 (IL-33), reducing hepatic recruitment of macrophages and neutrophils. Administration of mouse IL-33 to Panx1-/- mice significantly (P = 0.011) ameliorated MRSA infection and animal death. Reduced human hepatic IL-33 protein abundance also associated with increased predisposition to MRSA infection. Our findings reveal that genetic predisposition to reduced PANX1 function increases risk for MRSA infection after liver transplantation by decreasing hepatic host innate immune defense, which can be attenuated by IL-33 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200085, China
| | - Baojie Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China.,Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China.,Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Liyun Yuan
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xueni Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Pusen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Junwei Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Guangxun Meng
- Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qiankun Xuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200085, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200085, China
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiao Peng
- Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 10140, USA
| | - Xuebin Qin
- Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 10140, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,Department of Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Wanqing Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacy, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
| | - Zhihai Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China. .,Department of General Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China.,Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
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7
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Chen Z, Zhang X, Lv S, Xing Z, Shi M, Li X, Chen M, Zuo S, Tao Y, Xiao G, Liu J, He Y. Treatment With Endothelin-A Receptor Antagonist BQ123 Attenuates Acute Inflammation in Mice Through T-Cell-Dependent Polymorphonuclear Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Activation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:641874. [PMID: 33828553 PMCID: PMC8019801 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.641874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelin-A receptor antagonist BQ123 is an effective treatment agent for hypertension and obese cardiomyopathy. However, the role of BQ123 in controlling acute inflammatory diseases and its underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we showed that BQ123 activated polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) in mice and that the IL13/STAT6/Arg1 signaling pathway is involved in this process. Importantly, both treatment with BQ123 and the transfer of BQ123-induced PMN-MDSCs (BQ123-MDSCs) were effective in relieving inflammation, including dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, papain-induced pneumonia, and concanavalin A (ConA)-induced hepatitis, in mice. The treatment effects were mediated by the attenuation of the inflammation associated with the accumulation of PMN-MDSCs in the colon, lung, and liver. However, concurrent injection of Gr1 agonistic antibody with BQ123 induced PMN-MDSC aggravated the observed acute inflammation. Interestingly, no remission of inflammation was observed in Rag2 knockout mice administered BQ123-MDSCs, but co-injection with CD3+ T cells significantly relieved acute inflammation. In summary, BQ123-induced PMN-MDSCs attenuated acute inflammation in a T cell-dependent manner, providing a novel potential strategy to prevent the occurrence of acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuaijun Lv
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Xing
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyu Shi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyao Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiqi Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaowen Zuo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingxu Tao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingping Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yumei He
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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8
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He Y, Hwang S, Ahmed YA, Feng D, Li N, Ribeiro M, Lafdil F, Kisseleva T, Szabo G, Gao B. Immunopathobiology and therapeutic targets related to cytokines in liver diseases. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 18:18-37. [PMID: 33203939 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-00580-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver injury with any etiology can progress to fibrosis and the end-stage diseases cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The progression of liver disease is controlled by a variety of factors, including liver injury, inflammatory cells, inflammatory mediators, cytokines, and the gut microbiome. In the current review, we discuss recent data on a large number of cytokines that play important roles in regulating liver injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and regeneration, with a focus on interferons and T helper (Th) 1, Th2, Th9, Th17, interleukin (IL)-1 family, IL-6 family, and IL-20 family cytokines. Hepatocytes can also produce certain cytokines (such as IL-7, IL-11, and IL-33), and the functions of these cytokines in the liver are briefly summarized. Several cytokines have great therapeutic potential, and some are currently being tested as therapeutic targets in clinical trials for the treatment of liver diseases, which are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong He
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Seonghwan Hwang
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yeni Ait Ahmed
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.,Université Paris-Est, UMR-S955, UPEC, F-94000, Créteil, France
| | - Dechun Feng
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Na Li
- Department of Medicine and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Marcelle Ribeiro
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fouad Lafdil
- Université Paris-Est, UMR-S955, UPEC, F-94000, Créteil, France.,INSERM, U955, F-94000, Créteil, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, F-75231, Cedex 05, France
| | - Tatiana Kisseleva
- Department of Medicine and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Gyongyi Szabo
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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9
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Artru F, Bou Saleh M, Maggiotto F, Lassailly G, Ningarhari M, Demaret J, Ntandja-Wandji LC, Pais de Barros JP, Labreuche J, Drumez E, Helou DG, Dharancy S, Gantier E, Périanin A, Chollet-Martin S, Bataller R, Mathurin P, Dubuquoy L, Louvet A. IL-33/ST2 pathway regulates neutrophil migration and predicts outcome in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. J Hepatol 2020; 72:1052-1061. [PMID: 31953139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) is associated with a high risk of infection. The IL-33/ST2 pathway is involved in sepsis control but data regarding its role in alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) are lacking. We aimed to characterize the role of IL-33/ST2 in the polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) of patients with ALD and SAH. METHODS Serum and circulating neutrophils were collected from patients with SAH, alcoholic cirrhosis and healthy controls. We quantified IL-33/ST2 pathway activity and CXCR2 at baseline and after exposure to IL-33. We also determined the migration capacity of PMNs. RESULTS The decoy receptor of IL-33 (soluble ST2 [sST2]) was increased in SAH vs. cirrhosis and controls, demonstrating the defect in this pathway during ALD. The sST2 level was associated with response to treatment, 2-month survival, infection-free survival and probability of infection in SAH. Endotoxemia was weakly correlated with sST2. GRK2, a negative regulator of CXCR2, was overexpressed in PMNs of patients with SAH and cirrhosis and was decreased by IL-33. CXCR2 levels on PMNs were lower in SAH vs. cirrhosis and controls. Treatment with IL-33 partially restored CXCR2 expression in SAH and cirrhosis. PMN migration upon IL-8 was lower in patients with SAH and cirrhosis vs. controls. Treatment with IL-33 partially restored migration in those with SAH and cirrhosis. Interestingly, the migration capacity of PMNs and the response to IL-33 were enhanced in responders to corticosteroids (Lille <0.45) compared to non-responders. CONCLUSION The IL33/ST2 pathway is defective in SAH and predicts outcome. This defect is associated with decreased CXCR2 expression on the surface of PMNs and lower migration capacity, which can be corrected by IL-33, especially in patients responding to steroids. These results suggest that IL-33 has therapeutic potential for SAH and its infectious complications. LAY SUMMARY The neutrophils of patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis are associated with a defect in the IL-33/ST2 pathway. This defect is associated with lower migration capacities in neutrophils and a higher probability of getting infected. Administration of IL-33 to the neutrophils at least partly restores this defect and may be effective at reducing the risk of infection in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Artru
- Hôpital Claude-Huriez, Service Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Université de Lille/Inserm/CHU de Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research Center, Lille, France
| | - Mohamed Bou Saleh
- Université de Lille/Inserm/CHU de Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research Center, Lille, France
| | - François Maggiotto
- Université de Lille/Inserm/CHU de Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research Center, Lille, France
| | - Guillaume Lassailly
- Hôpital Claude-Huriez, Service Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Université de Lille/Inserm/CHU de Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research Center, Lille, France
| | - Massih Ningarhari
- Hôpital Claude-Huriez, Service Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Université de Lille/Inserm/CHU de Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research Center, Lille, France
| | - Julie Demaret
- Université de Lille/Inserm/CHU de Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research Center, Lille, France; Centre de Biologie-Pathologie, CHU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Line-Carolle Ntandja-Wandji
- Hôpital Claude-Huriez, Service Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Université de Lille/Inserm/CHU de Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research Center, Lille, France
| | | | | | - Elodie Drumez
- Département de biostatistiques, CHU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Doumet Georges Helou
- Inserm/Université Paris-Sud/Université Paris-Saclay, UMR996, Chatenay-Malabry, France; Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Laboratoire d'immunologie « Autoimmunité et Hypersensibilités », Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Dharancy
- Hôpital Claude-Huriez, Service Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Université de Lille/Inserm/CHU de Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research Center, Lille, France
| | - Emilie Gantier
- Université de Lille/Inserm/CHU de Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research Center, Lille, France
| | - Axel Périanin
- Inserm/Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichat, UMRS-1149, Paris, France; CNRS, ERL-8252 Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Chollet-Martin
- Inserm/Université Paris-Sud/Université Paris-Saclay, UMR996, Chatenay-Malabry, France; Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Laboratoire d'immunologie « Autoimmunité et Hypersensibilités », Paris, France
| | - Ramon Bataller
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Philippe Mathurin
- Hôpital Claude-Huriez, Service Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Université de Lille/Inserm/CHU de Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research Center, Lille, France
| | - Laurent Dubuquoy
- Université de Lille/Inserm/CHU de Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research Center, Lille, France.
| | - Alexandre Louvet
- Hôpital Claude-Huriez, Service Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Université de Lille/Inserm/CHU de Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research Center, Lille, France.
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10
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IL-33 Inhibits Hepatitis B Virus through Its Receptor ST2 in Hydrodynamic HBV Mouse Model. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:1403163. [PMID: 32410845 PMCID: PMC7204199 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1403163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 has been demonstrated to be associated with liver damage. However, its potential value in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate the role of IL-33 in hydrodynamic HBV mouse model. Different doses of IL-33 were used to treat HBV wild-type, ST2 knockout, CD8+ T depletion, NK depletion C57BL/6 mice and C.B-17 SCID and nod SCID mouse, respectively. The concentrations of HBV DNA, HBsAg, HBeAg, and molecules related to liver function were detected in the collected serum at different time points from model mice. Intrahepatic HBcAg was visualized by immunohistochemical staining of liver tissues. In vitro, hepG2 cells were transfected with pAAV-HBV 1.2, then treated with IL-33. The results showed that IL-33 significantly reduced HBV DNA and HBsAg in a dose-dependent manner in HBV wild-type mice. However, in the IL-33 specific receptor ST2 knockout mice, their antiviral effects could not be exerted. Through immunodeficient animal models and in vivo immune cell depletion mouse model, we found that IL-33 could not play antiviral effects without NK cells. Moreover, IL-33 could reduce the levels of HBsAg and HBeAg in the supernatant of HBV-transfected hepG2 cells in vitro. Our study revealed that IL-33 could inhibit HBV through ST2 receptor in the HBV mouse model, and this effect can be impaired without NK cell. Additionally, IL-33 had the direct anti-HBV effect in vitro, indicating that IL-33 could be a potent inducer of HBV clearance and a promising drug candidate.
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11
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Chang N, Tian L, Ji X, Zhou X, Hou L, Zhao X, Yang Y, Yang L, Li L. Single-Cell Transcriptomes Reveal Characteristic Features of Mouse Hepatocytes with Liver Cholestatic Injury. Cells 2019; 8:cells8091069. [PMID: 31514486 PMCID: PMC6770527 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocytes are the main parenchymal cells of the liver and play important roles in liver homeostasis and disease process. The heterogeneity of normal hepatocytes has been reported, but there is little knowledge about hepatocyte subtype and distinctive functions during liver cholestatic injury. Bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced mouse liver injury model was employed, and single-cell RNA sequencing was performed. Western blot and qPCR were used to study gene expression. Immunofluoresence was employed to detect the expressions of marker genes in hepatocytes. We detected a specific hepatocyte cluster (BDL-6) expressing extracellular matrix genes, indicating these hepatocytes might undergo epithelia-mesenchymal transition. Hepatocytes of BDL-6 also performed tissue repair functions (such as angiogenesis) during cholestatic injury. We also found that four clusters of cholestatic hepatocytes (BDL-2, BDL-3, BDL-4, and BDL-5) were involved in inflammatory process in different ways. To be specific, BDL-2/3/5 were inflammation-regulated hepatocytes, while BDL-4 played a role in cell chemotaxis. Among these four clusters, BDL-5 was special. because the hepatocytes of BDL-5 were proliferating hepatocytes. Our analysis provided more knowledge of hepatocyte distinctive functions in injured liver and gave rise to future treatment aiming at hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chang
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Xiaofang Ji
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Lei Hou
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Xinhao Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Yuanru Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Liying Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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12
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Barbier L, Ferhat M, Salamé E, Robin A, Herbelin A, Gombert JM, Silvain C, Barbarin A. Interleukin-1 Family Cytokines: Keystones in Liver Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2014. [PMID: 31507607 PMCID: PMC6718562 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The pyrogenic property being the first activity described, members of the interleukin-1 superfamily (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-18, and the newest members: IL-33, IL-36, IL-37, and IL-38) are now known to be involved in several inflammatory diseases such as obesity, atherosclerosis, cancer, viral and parasite infections, and auto-inflammatory syndromes as well as liver diseases. Inflammation processes are keystones of chronic liver diseases, of which the etiology may be viral or toxic, as in alcoholic or non-alcoholic liver diseases. Inflammation is also at stake in acute liver failure involving massive necrosis, and in ischemia-reperfusion injury in the setting of liver transplantation. The role of the IL-1 superfamily of cytokines and receptors in liver diseases can be either protective or pro-inflammatory, depending on timing and the environment. Our review provides an overview of current understanding of the IL-1 family members in liver inflammation, highlighting recent key investigations, and therapeutic perspectives. We have tried to apply the concept of trained immunity to liver diseases, based on the role of the members of the IL-1 superfamily, first of all IL-1β but also IL-18 and IL-33, in modulating innate lymphoid immunity carried by natural killer cells, innate lymphoid cells or innate T-αβ lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Barbier
- INSERM U1082, Poitiers, France.,Department of Digestive Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Trousseau University Hospital, Tours University, Tours, France
| | | | - Ephrem Salamé
- INSERM U1082, Poitiers, France.,Department of Digestive Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Trousseau University Hospital, Tours University, Tours, France
| | - Aurélie Robin
- INSERM U1082, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Jean-Marc Gombert
- INSERM U1082, Poitiers, France.,Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Poitiers University Hospital, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Christine Silvain
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Poitiers University Hospital, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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13
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Abe K, Takahashi A, Fujita M, Hayashi M, Okai K, Nozawa Y, Ohira H. Interleukin-33/ST2-Mediated Inflammation Plays a Critical Role in the Pathogenesis and Severity of Type I Autoimmune Hepatitis. Hepatol Commun 2019; 3:670-684. [PMID: 31061955 PMCID: PMC6492473 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)‐33 was recently described as a new member of the IL‐1 family; members of this family have proinflammatory activity. IL‐33 and its soluble receptor ST2 (sST2) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This study investigated serum IL‐33 and sST2 in type I autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and the relationship of these molecules with clinical and pathologic parameters. Subjects included 65 patients with AIH who were diagnosed in our hospital. The control population included 17 healthy individuals and 36 patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Mean age at AIH diagnosis was 55.5 years, and the male‐to‐female ratio was 6:59. Serum IL‐33 and sST2 levels were significantly higher in patients with AIH than in those with PBC or controls. Importantly, immunohistochemistry revealed high IL‐33 expression in liver sections from patients with AIH. In particular, serum IL‐33 and sST2 levels were significantly higher in acute‐onset AIH than in chronic‐onset AIH. Serum IL‐33 levels were positively correlated with serum total bilirubin (TB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and necroinflammatory activity in AIH. We performed multivariate logistic regression analysis and found serum IL‐33 levels to be independent factors for severe activity. Serum sST2 levels were positively correlated with serum TB and ALT and negatively correlated with serum albumin and prothrombin time in AIH. In particular, serum sST2 levels were significantly higher in severe symptoms of AIH. Serum IL‐33 and sST2 levels in patients with AIH responsive to treatment with prednisolone were significantly decreased after treatment. Interestingly, serum IL‐33 level was associated with a significantly increased risk of relapse. Conclusion: IL‐33/ST2 may play an important role in the pathogenesis and severity of AIH and may be a promising target for AIH therapy. This study aimed to investigate serum IL‐33 and sST2 in type I autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) patients and its relationship with clinical and pathological parameters. Multivariate analysis was performed, and serum IL‐33 levels were independent factors for severe activity and relapse. Our findings suggest that IL‐33/ST2 may play an important role in the pathogenesis and severity of AIH and may present a promising target for AIH therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumichi Abe
- Department of Gastroenterology Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine Fukushima Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine Fukushima Japan
| | - Masashi Fujita
- Department of Gastroenterology Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine Fukushima Japan
| | - Manabu Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine Fukushima Japan
| | - Ken Okai
- Department of Gastroenterology Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine Fukushima Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nozawa
- Department of Pathology Shirakawa Kousei General Hospital Shirakawa Japan
| | - Hiromasa Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterology Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine Fukushima Japan
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14
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Sun Z, Chang B, Huang A, Hao S, Gao M, Sun Y, Shi M, Jin L, Zhang W, Zhao J, Teng G, Han L, Tian H, Liang Q, Zhang JY, Zou Z. Plasma levels of soluble ST2, but not IL-33, correlate with the severity of alcoholic liver disease. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:887-897. [PMID: 30478965 PMCID: PMC6349182 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a complication that is a burden on global health and economy. Interleukin‐33 (IL‐33) is a newly identified member of the IL‐1 cytokine family and is released as an “alarmin” during inflammation. Soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2 (sST2), an IL‐33 decoy receptor, has been reported as a new biomarker for the severity of systemic and highly inflammatory diseases. Here, we found the levels of plasma sST2, increased with the disease severity from mild to severe ALD. Importantly, the plasma sST2 levels in ALD patients not only correlated with scores for prognostic models (Maddrey's discriminant function, model for end‐stage liver disease and Child‐Pugh scores) and indexes for liver function (total bilirubin, international normalized ratio, albumin, and cholinesterase) but also correlated with neutrophil‐associated factors as well as some proinflammatory cytokines. In vitro, lipopolysaccharide‐activated monocytes down‐regulated transmembrane ST2 receptor but up‐regulated sST2 mRNA and protein expression and produced higher levels of tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α). By contrast, monocytes pretreated with recombinant sST2 showed decreased TNF‐α production. In addition, although plasma IL‐33 levels were comparable between healthy controls and ALD patients, we found the IL‐33 expression in liver tissues from ALD patients was down‐regulated at both RNA and protein levels. Immunohistochemical staining further showed that the decreased of IL‐33‐positive cells were mainly located in liver lobule area. These results suggested that sST2, but not IL‐33, is closely related to the severity of ALD. Consequently, sST2 could be used as a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Sun
- Center of Non-infectious Liver Diseases, Peking University 302 Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Binxia Chang
- Center of Non-infectious Liver Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ang Huang
- Center of Non-infectious Liver Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuli Hao
- Center of Non-infectious Liver Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Gao
- Center of Non-infectious Liver Diseases, Peking University 302 Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Center of Non-infectious Liver Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Shi
- Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center of Non-infectious Liver Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Center of Non-infectious Liver Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guangju Teng
- Center of Non-infectious Liver Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Han
- Center of Non-infectious Liver Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Tian
- Center of Non-infectious Liver Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qingsheng Liang
- Center of Non-infectious Liver Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Yuan Zhang
- Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengsheng Zou
- Center of Non-infectious Liver Diseases, Peking University 302 Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
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15
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CD8+ T cell/IL-33/ILC2 axis exacerbates the liver injury in Con A-induced hepatitis in T cell-transferred Rag2-deficient mice. Inflamm Res 2018; 68:75-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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16
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Ferhat MH, Robin A, Barbier L, Thierry A, Gombert JM, Barbarin A, Herbelin A. The Impact of Invariant NKT Cells in Sterile Inflammation: The Possible Contribution of the Alarmin/Cytokine IL-33. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2308. [PMID: 30374349 PMCID: PMC6197076 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the contribution of iNKT cells to induction of sterile inflammation is now well-established, the nature of the endogenous compounds released early after cellular stress or damage that drive their activation and recruitment remains poorly understood. More precisely, iNKT cells have not been described as being reactive to endogenous non-protein damage-associated molecular-pattern molecules (DAMPs). A second subset of DAMPs, called alarmins, are tissue-derived nuclear proteins, constitutively expressed at high levels in epithelial barrier tissues and endothelial barriers. These potent immunostimulants, immediately released after tissue damage, include the alarmin IL-33. This factor has aroused interest due to its singular action as an alarmin during infectious, allergic responses and acute tissue injury, and as a cytokine, contributing to the latter resolutive/repair phase of sterile inflammation. IL-33 targets iNKT cells, inducing their recruitment in an inflammatory state, and amplifying their regulatory and effector functions. In the present review, we introduce the new concept of a biological axis of iNKT cells and IL-33, involved in alerting and controlling the immune cells in experimental models of sterile inflammation. This review will focus on acute organ injury models, especially ischemia-reperfusion injury, in the kidneys, liver and lungs, where iNKT cells and IL-33 have been presumed to mediate and/or control the injury mechanisms, and their potential relevance in human pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Louise Barbier
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive, Oncologique, Endocrinienne et Transplantation Hépatique, CHU Trousseau, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Antoine Thierry
- INSERM U1082 - IRATI Group, Poitiers, France.,Service de Néphrologie, Hémodialyse et Transplantation Rénale, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Jean-Marc Gombert
- INSERM U1082 - IRATI Group, Poitiers, France.,Service d'Immunologie et d'Inflammation, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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17
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NLRP3 Inflammasome and IL-33: Novel Players in Sterile Liver Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092732. [PMID: 30213101 PMCID: PMC6163521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In sterile liver inflammation, danger signals are released in response to tissue injury to alert the immune system; e.g., by activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Recently, IL-33 has been identified as a novel type of danger signal or “alarmin”, which is released from damaged and necrotic cells. IL-33 is a pleiotropic cytokine that targets a broad range of immune cells and exhibits pro- and anti-inflammatory properties dependent on the disease. This review summarizes the immunomodulatory roles of the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-33 in sterile liver inflammation and highlights potential therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways in liver disease.
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18
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Cottagiri M, Nyandjo M, Stephens M, Mantilla JJ, Saito H, Mackay IR, Rose NR, Njoku DB. In drug-induced, immune-mediated hepatitis, interleukin-33 reduces hepatitis and improves survival independently and as a consequence of FoxP3+ T-cell activity. Cell Mol Immunol 2018; 16:706-717. [PMID: 30030493 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-018-0087-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune-mediated, drug-induced hepatitis is a rare complication of halogenated volatile anesthetic administration. IL-4-regulated Th2-polarized reactions initiate this type and other types of hepatitis, while the mechanisms that regulate the severity remain elusive. IL-33 is an innate, IL-4-inducing, Th2-polarizing cytokine that has been detected in patients with liver failure and has been associated with upregulated ST2+Foxp3+CD4+CD25+ T cells; however, roles for IL-33 in drug-induced hepatitis are unclear. We investigated IL-33 in an anesthetic, immune-mediated hepatitis modeled in BALB/c, IL-33-/- and ST2-/- mice, as well as in patients with anesthetic hepatitis. The hepatic IL-33 and ST2 levels were elevated in BALB/c mice (p < 0.05) with hepatitis, and anti-IL-33 diminished hepatitis (p < 0.05) without reducing IL-33 levels. The complete absence of IL-33 reduced IL-10 (p < 0.05) and ST2+Foxp3+CD4+CD25+ T cells (p < 0.05), as well as reduced the overall survival (p < 0.05), suggesting suppressive roles for IL-33 in anesthetic, immune-mediated hepatitis. All of the mice demonstrated similar levels of CD4+ T-cell proliferation following direct T-cell receptor stimulation, but we detected splenic IL-33 and ST2-negative Foxp3+CD4+CD25+ T cells in ST2-/- mice that developed less hepatitis than BALB/c mice (p < 0.05), suggesting that ST2-negative Foxp3+CD4+CD25+ T cells reduced hepatitis. In patients, serum IL-33 and IPEX levels were correlated in controls (r2 = 0.5, p < 0.05), similar to the levels in mice, but not in anesthetic hepatitis patients (r2 = 0.01), who had elevated IL-33 (p < 0.001) and decreased IPEX (p < 0.01). Our results suggest that, in anesthetic, immune-mediated hepatitis, IL-33 does not regulate the CD4+ T-cell proliferation that initiates hepatitis, but IL-33, likely independent of ST2, reduces hepatitis via upregulation of Foxp3+CD4+CD25+ T cells. Further studies are needed to translate the role of IL-33 to human liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merylin Cottagiri
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1800 Orleans Street, Suite 6349, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Maeva Nyandjo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1800 Orleans Street, Suite 6349, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Matthew Stephens
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1800 Orleans Street, Suite 6349, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Joel J Mantilla
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1800 Orleans Street, Suite 6349, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Hirohisa Saito
- RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan, 650-0047
| | - Ian R Mackay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Noel R Rose
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dolores B Njoku
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1800 Orleans Street, Suite 6349, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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19
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Shen Y, Li J, Wang SQ, Jiang W. Ambiguous roles of innate lymphoid cells in chronic development of liver diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:1962-1977. [PMID: 29760540 PMCID: PMC5949710 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i18.1962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are defined as a distinct arm of innate immunity. According to their profile of secreted cytokines and lineage-specific transcriptional factors, ILCs can be categorized into the following three groups: group 1 ILCs (including natural killer (NK) cells and ILC1s) are dependent on T-bet and can produce interferon-γ; group 2 ILCs (ILC2s) are dependent on GATA3 and can produce type 2 cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-13; and, group 3 ILCs (including lymphoid tissue-like cells and ILC3s) are dependent on RORγt and can produce IL-22 and IL-17. Collaborative with adaptive immunity, ILCs are highly reactive innate effectors that promptly orchestrate immunity, inflammation and tissue repair. Dysregulation of ILCs might result in inflammatory disorders. Evidence regarding the function of intrahepatic ILCs is emerging from longitudinal studies of inflammatory liver diseases wherein they exert both physiological and pathological functions, including immune homeostasis, defenses and surveillance. Their overall effect on the liver depends on the balance of their proinflammatory and antiinflammatory populations, specific microenvironment and stages of immune responses. Here, we review the current data about ILCs in chronic liver disease progression, to reveal their roles in different stages as well as to discuss their therapeutic potency as intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Si-Qi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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20
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Vasseur P, Dion S, Filliol A, Genet V, Lucas-Clerc C, Jean-Philippe G, Silvain C, Lecron JC, Piquet-Pellorce C, Samson M. Endogenous IL-33 has no effect on the progression of fibrosis during experimental steatohepatitis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:48563-48574. [PMID: 28611297 PMCID: PMC5564708 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-33 has been recently reported to be strongly pro-fibrogenic in various models of liver disease. Our aim was to study the role of endogenous IL-33 in a diet-induced model of steatohepatitis. IL-33 deficient mice and wild type (WT) littermates received a high-fat diet (HFD), or a standard diet for 12 weeks. The HFD-induced steatohepatitis was associated with an upregulation of IL-33 transcripts and protein. An insulin tolerance test revealed lower systemic insulin sensitivity in IL-33-/—HFD mice than in WT-HFD mice. Nevertheless, IL-33 deficiency did not affect the severity of liver inflammation by histological and transcriptomic analyses, nor the quantity of liver fibrosis. Livers from HFD mice had more myeloid populations, markedly fewer NKT cells and higher proportion of ST2+ Treg cells and ST2+ type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), all unaffected by IL-33 deficiency. In conclusion, deficiency of endogenous IL-33 does not affect the evolution of experimental diet-induced steatohepatitis towards liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Vasseur
- Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Nord Deux-Sèvres, Thouars, France.,Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Sarah Dion
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement & Travail, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Aveline Filliol
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement & Travail, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Valentine Genet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement & Travail, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Catherine Lucas-Clerc
- Service de Biochimie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Rennes, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Girard Jean-Philippe
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Silvain
- Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Jean-Claude Lecron
- Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Service d'Immunologie et Inflammation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Claire Piquet-Pellorce
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement & Travail, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Michel Samson
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement & Travail, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
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21
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Cayrol C, Girard JP. Interleukin-33 (IL-33): A nuclear cytokine from the IL-1 family. Immunol Rev 2017; 281:154-168. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 401] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Cayrol
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale; IPBS; Université de Toulouse; CNRS; UPS; Toulouse France
| | - Jean-Philippe Girard
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale; IPBS; Université de Toulouse; CNRS; UPS; Toulouse France
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22
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Filliol A, Piquet-Pellorce C, Dion S, Genet V, Lucas-Clerc C, Dantzer F, Samson M. PARP2 deficiency affects invariant-NKT-cell maturation and protects mice from concanavalin A-induced liver injury. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2017; 313:G399-G409. [PMID: 28751426 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00436.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Excessive or persistent inflammation and hepatocyte death are the key triggers of liver diseases. The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) proteins induce cell death and inflammation. Chemical inhibition of PARP activity protects against liver injury during concanavalin A (ConA)-induced hepatitis. In this mice model, ConA activates immune cells, which promote inflammation and induce hepatocyte death, mediated by the activated invariant natural killer T (iNKT) lymphocyte population. We analyzed immune cell populations in the liver and several lymphoid organs, such as the spleen, thymus, and bone marrow in Parp2-deficient mice to better define the role of PARP proteins in liver immunity and inflammation at steady state and during ConA-induced hepatitis. We show that 1) the genetic inactivation of Parp2, but not Parp1, protected mice from ConA hepatitis without deregulating cytokine expression and leucocyte recruitment; 2) cellularity was lower in the thymus, but not in spleen, liver, or bone marrow of Parp2-/- mice; 3) spleen and liver iNKT lymphocytes, as well as thymic T and NKT lymphocytes were reduced in Parp2 knockout mice. In conclusion, our results suggest that the defect of T-lymphocyte maturation in Parp2 knockout mice leads to a systemic reduction of iNKT cells, reducing hepatocyte death during ConA-mediated liver damage, thus protecting the mice from hepatitis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The genetic inactivation of Parp2, but not Parp1, protects mice from concanavalin A hepatitis. Immune cell populations are lower in the thymus, but not in the spleen, liver, or bone marrow of Parp2-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice. Spleen and liver invariant natural killer T (NKT) lymphocytes, as well as thymic T and NKT lymphocytes, are reduced in Parp2-deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aveline Filliol
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement et Travail, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,Structure Fédérative BioSit, UMS 3480, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-US18 INSERM, Rennes, France
| | - Claire Piquet-Pellorce
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement et Travail, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,Structure Fédérative BioSit, UMS 3480, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-US18 INSERM, Rennes, France
| | - Sarah Dion
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement et Travail, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,Structure Fédérative BioSit, UMS 3480, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-US18 INSERM, Rennes, France
| | - Valentine Genet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement et Travail, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,Structure Fédérative BioSit, UMS 3480, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-US18 INSERM, Rennes, France
| | - Catherine Lucas-Clerc
- Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,Service de Biochimie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; and
| | - Françoise Dantzer
- Université de Strasbourg, Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, UMR 7242, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire d'Excellence Medalis, École Supérieure de Biotechnologie Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Michel Samson
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement et Travail, Rennes, France; .,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,Structure Fédérative BioSit, UMS 3480, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-US18 INSERM, Rennes, France
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23
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Sun Z, Chang B, Gao M, Zhang J, Zou Z. IL-33-ST2 Axis in Liver Disease: Progression and Challenge. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:5314213. [PMID: 29180837 PMCID: PMC5664344 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5314213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The new member of the IL-1 family, interleukin-33 (IL-33), participates in the progression of a variety of diseases through binding with its receptor ST2. Recently, much clinical evidence and experimental data have indicated that IL-33 is associated with various liver diseases. This review primarily addresses the relationship between IL-33 and several hepatic diseases. IL-33 can alleviate high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance, and IL-33 acts as an alarmin, which quickly triggers the immune system to respond to virus invasion and toxic damage to the liver. However, when liver injury is chronic, IL-33 promotes Th2 reactions and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activity, facilitating progression to liver fibrosis. The complicated functions of IL-33 should be considered before its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Sun
- Center of Non-Infectious Liver Diseases, Peking University 302 Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Binxia Chang
- Center of Non-Infectious Liver Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Gao
- Center of Non-Infectious Liver Diseases, Peking University 302 Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Jiyuan Zhang
- Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengsheng Zou
- Center of Non-Infectious Liver Diseases, Peking University 302 Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
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24
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Antunes MM, Araújo AM, Diniz AB, Pereira RVS, Alvarenga DM, David BA, Rocha RM, Lopes MAF, Marchesi SC, Nakagaki BN, Carvalho É, Marques PE, Ryffel B, Quesniaux V, Guabiraba Brito R, Filho JCA, Cara DC, Rezende RM, Menezes GB. IL-33 signalling in liver immune cells enhances drug-induced liver injury and inflammation. Inflamm Res 2017; 67:77-88. [PMID: 29032512 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-017-1098-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of IL-33/ST2 axis in the onset and progression of acute liver injury using a mice model of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). MATERIAL AND TREATMENTS DILI was induced by overdose administration of acetaminophen (APAP) by oral gavage in wild-type BALB/c, ST2-deficient mice and in different bone marrow chimeras. Neutrophils were depleted by anti-Ly6G and macrophages with clodronate liposomes (CLL). METHODS Blood and liver were collected for biochemical, immunologic and genetic analyses. Mice were imaged by confocal intravital microscopy and liver non-parenchymal cells and hepatocytes were isolated for flow cytometry, genetic and immunofluorescence studies. RESULTS Acetaminophen overdose caused a massive necrosis and accumulation of immune cells within the liver, concomitantly with IL-33 and chemokine release. Liver non-parenchymal cells were the major sensors for IL-33, and amongst them, neutrophils were the major players in amplification of the inflammatory response triggered by IL-33/ST2 signalling pathway. CONCLUSION Blockage of IL-33/ST2 axis reduces APAP-mediated organ injury by dampening liver chemokine release and activation of resident and infiltrating liver non-parenchymal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maísa Mota Antunes
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Alan Moreira Araújo
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Ariane Barros Diniz
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Vaz Sousa Pereira
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Débora Moreira Alvarenga
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Bruna Araújo David
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Renata Monti Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Maria Alice Freitas Lopes
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Sarah Cozzer Marchesi
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Brenda Naemi Nakagaki
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Érika Carvalho
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Pedro Elias Marques
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Bernhard Ryffel
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics CNRS, University of Orleans, Orleans, France
| | - Valérie Quesniaux
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics CNRS, University of Orleans, Orleans, France
| | | | - José Carlos Alves Filho
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise Carmona Cara
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rafael Machado Rezende
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gustavo Batista Menezes
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
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25
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Yazdani HO, Chen HW, Tohme S, Tai S, van der Windt DJ, Loughran P, Rosborough BR, Sud V, Beer-Stolz D, Turnquist HR, Tsung A, Huang H. IL-33 exacerbates liver sterile inflammation by amplifying neutrophil extracellular trap formation. J Hepatol 2017; 68:S0168-8278(17)32291-2. [PMID: 28943296 PMCID: PMC5862757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Neutrophils and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) both contribute to sterile inflammatory injury during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), a well-known liver surgical stress. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) has been shown to drive neutrophil infiltration during inflammatory responses through its receptor ST2. We recently reported that infiltrating neutrophils form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which exacerbate sterile inflammatory injury in liver I/R. Here, we sought to determine the role of IL-33 in NET formation during liver sterile inflammation. METHODS Evaluation of IL-33 forming NETs was investigated using a partial liver I/R model to generate sterile injury in healthy WT, IL-33 and ST2 knockouts. Serum levels of IL-33 and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA complex were measured in both humans and mice after the first surgery. Liver damage was assessed. Mouse neutrophil depletion was performed by intraperitoneal injection of anti-Ly6G antibody before I/R. RESULTS Patients undergoing liver resection showed a significant increase in serum IL-33 compared to healthy volunteers. This coincided with higher serum MPO-DNA complexes. NET formation was decreased in IL-33 and ST2 knockout mice compared with control mice, after liver I/R. IL-33 or ST2 deficiency protected livers from I/R injury, whereas rIL-33 administration during I/R exacerbated hepatotoxicity and systemic inflammation. In vitro, IL-33 is released from LSECs to promote NET formation. IL-33 deficient LSECs failed to induce NETs. ST2 deficient neutrophils limited their capacity to form NETs in vitro and adoptive transfer of ST2 knockout neutrophils to neutrophil-depleted WT mice significantly decreased NET formation. CONCLUSIONS Data establish that IL-33, mainly released from LSECs, causes excessive sterile inflammation after hepatic I/R by inducing NET formation. Therapeutic targeting of IL-33/ST2 might extend novel strategies to minimize organ damage in various clinical settings associated with sterile inflammation. LAY SUMMARY Liver ischemia and reperfusion injury results in the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps, which contribute to organ damage in liver surgeries. Herein, we show that IL-33 is released from liver sinusoidal endothelial cells to promote NET formation during liver I/R, which exacerbates inflammatory cascades and sterile inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza O Yazdani
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Hui-Wei Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Samer Tohme
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Sheng Tai
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | | | - Patricia Loughran
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Cell Biology, Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Brian R Rosborough
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Vikas Sud
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Donna Beer-Stolz
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Heth R Turnquist
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Allan Tsung
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China.
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26
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Filliol A, Farooq M, Piquet-Pellorce C, Genet V, Dimanche-Boitrel MT, Vandenabeele P, Bertrand MJM, Samson M, Le Seyec J. RIPK1 protects hepatocytes from death in Fas-induced hepatitis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9205. [PMID: 28835677 PMCID: PMC5569041 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09789-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte death is a central event during liver disease progression, in which immune cells play key roles by activating members of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily (TNFRSF), including TNFR1 (TNFRSF1A), Fas (TNFRSF6) and TRAIL-R2 (TNFRSF10B). Receptor Interacting Protein Kinase 1 (RIPK1) emerged as a signaling node downstream of these receptors. In the case of TNFR1, RIPK1 has been demonstrated to paradoxically serve as a scaffold to promote the survival of hepatocytes and as a kinase to kill them. To evaluate whether RIPK1 also protects hepatocytes from death in response to FasL or TRAIL, we took advantage of liver parenchymal cell-specific Ripk1 knockout mice (Ripk1LPC-KO). We found that Ripk1LPC-KO mice, as well as primary hepatocytes derived from them, were more susceptible to Fas-mediated apoptosis than their respective WT counterparts. Fas-induced hepatocyte death was independent of TNF-α signaling. Interestingly, while TRAIL administration did not induce hepatitis in Ripk1LPC-KO mice or in their WT counterparts, its combination with IFN-γ only induced TNF-α dependent apoptosis in the Ripk1LPC-KO mice. Together, our data demonstrate the protective role of RIPK1 downstream of Fas and highlight the general protective function of RIPK1 in hepatocytes exposed to inflammatory conditions, where TNF-α, FasL and/or TRAIL are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aveline Filliol
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U.1085, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET), F-35043, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, F-35043, Rennes, France.,Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 CNRS-US18 Inserm, F-35043, Rennes, France
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U.1085, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET), F-35043, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, F-35043, Rennes, France.,Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 CNRS-US18 Inserm, F-35043, Rennes, France
| | - Claire Piquet-Pellorce
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U.1085, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET), F-35043, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, F-35043, Rennes, France.,Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 CNRS-US18 Inserm, F-35043, Rennes, France
| | - Valentine Genet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U.1085, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET), F-35043, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, F-35043, Rennes, France.,Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 CNRS-US18 Inserm, F-35043, Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse Dimanche-Boitrel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U.1085, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET), F-35043, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, F-35043, Rennes, France.,Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 CNRS-US18 Inserm, F-35043, Rennes, France
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde-Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde-Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Mathieu J M Bertrand
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde-Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde-Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Michel Samson
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U.1085, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET), F-35043, Rennes, France. .,Université de Rennes 1, F-35043, Rennes, France. .,Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 CNRS-US18 Inserm, F-35043, Rennes, France.
| | - Jacques Le Seyec
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U.1085, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET), F-35043, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, F-35043, Rennes, France.,Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 CNRS-US18 Inserm, F-35043, Rennes, France
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Yu H, Liu Y, Huang J, Wang H, Yan W, Xi D, Shen G, Luo X, Ning Q. IL-33 protects murine viral fulminant hepatitis by targeting coagulation hallmark protein FGL2/fibroleukin expression. Mol Immunol 2017; 87:171-179. [PMID: 28494352 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fulminant hepatitis (FH) is characterized by rapid liver failure and high mortality. The pathogenesis of viral FH includes virus-induced immune activation, inflammation, and subsequent hepatic apoptosis and necrosis. However, the mechanisms that underlie FH progression are unclear. IL-33 is a member of the IL-1-related cytokines, considered to be an "alarmin" that participates in various diseases, but its precise role in the coagulation of FH is not very clear. In our study, we found that IL-33 is significantly elevated in mice infected with murine hepatitis virus strain 3 (MHV-3). This is accompanied by an increase in pro-coagulant fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) in the liver. Previous studies have suggested that an increase in FGL2 is diagnostic of FH and liver necrosis, and animals with no FGL2 had better survivorship during FH. Our studies showed that IL-33 administration in a MHV-3 infection promoted survival during FH, with a significant reduction in FGL2 expression and liver inflammation. In vitro IL-33 treatment abrogated MHV-3 and IFN-γ induced FGL2 expression in RAW264.7 and THP-1 cells, respectively. In conclusion, our research suggests that IL-33 protects against viral fulminant hepatitis in mice by antagonizing expression of the pro-coagulant protein FGL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijing Yu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaquan Huang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongwu Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiming Yan
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Xi
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guanxin Shen
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Ning
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Endogenous IL-33 Deficiency Exacerbates Liver Injury and Increases Hepatic Influx of Neutrophils in Acute Murine Viral Hepatitis. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:1359064. [PMID: 28607531 PMCID: PMC5457781 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1359064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The alarmin IL-33 has been described to be upregulated in human and murine viral hepatitis. However, the role of endogenous IL-33 in viral hepatitis remains obscure. We aimed to decipher its function by infecting IL-33-deficient mice (IL-33 KO) and their wild-type (WT) littermates with pathogenic mouse hepatitis virus (L2-MHV3). The IL-33 KO mice were more sensitive to L2-MHV3 infection exhibiting higher levels of AST/ALT, higher tissue damage, significant weight loss, and earlier death. An increased depletion of B and T lymphocytes, NKT cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages was observed 48 h postinfection (PI) in IL-33 KO mice than that in WT mice. In contrast, a massive influx of neutrophils was observed in IL-33 KO mice at 48 h PI. A transcriptomic study of inflammatory and cell-signaling genes revealed the overexpression of IL-6, TNFα, and several chemokines involved in recruitment/activation of neutrophils (CXCL2, CXCL5, CCL2, and CCL6) at 72 h PI in IL-33 KO mice. However, the IFNγ was strongly induced in WT mice with less profound expression in IL-33 KO mice demonstrating that endogenous IL-33 regulated IFNγ expression during L2-MHV3 hepatitis. In conclusion, we demonstrated that endogenous IL-33 had multifaceted immunoregulatory effect during viral hepatitis via induction of IFNγ, survival effect on immune cells, and infiltration of neutrophils in the liver.
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Haga H, Yan IK, Takahashi K, Matsuda A, Patel T. Extracellular Vesicles from Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Survival from Lethal Hepatic Failure in Mice. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:1262-1272. [PMID: 28213967 PMCID: PMC5442843 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.16-0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapies have potential for treatment of liver injury by contributing to regenerative responses, through functional tissue replacement or paracrine effects. The release of extracellular vesicles (EV) from cells has been implicated in intercellular communication, and may contribute to beneficial paracrine effects of stem cell-based therapies. Therapeutic effects of bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and vesicles released by these cells were examined in a lethal murine model of hepatic failure induced by d-galactosamine/tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Systemically administered EV derived from MSC accumulated within the injured liver following systemic administration, reduced hepatic injury, and modulated cytokine expression. Moreover, survival was dramatically increased by EV derived from either murine or human MSC. Similar results were observed with the use of cryopreserved mMSC-EV after 3 months. Y-RNA-1 was identified as a highly enriched noncoding RNA within hMSC-EV compared to cells of origin. Moreover, siRNA mediated knockdown of Y-RNA-1 reduced the protective effects of MSC-EV on TNF-α/ActD-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis in vitro. These data support a critical role for MSC-derived EV in mediating reparative responses following hepatic injury, and provide compelling evidence to support the therapeutic use of MSC-derived EV in fulminant hepatic failure. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:1262-1272.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Haga
- Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Irene K Yan
- Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Kenji Takahashi
- Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Akiko Matsuda
- Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Tushar Patel
- Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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RIPK1 protects from TNF-α-mediated liver damage during hepatitis. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2462. [PMID: 27831558 PMCID: PMC5260888 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell death of hepatocytes is a prominent characteristic in the pathogenesis of liver disease, while hepatolysis is a starting point of inflammation in hepatitis and loss of hepatic function. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of hepatocyte cell death, the role of the cytokines of hepatic microenvironment and the involvement of intracellular kinases, remain unclear. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a key cytokine involved in cell death or survival pathways and the role of RIPK1 has been associated to the TNF-α-dependent signaling pathway. We took advantage of two different deficient mouse lines, the RIPK1 kinase dead knock-in mice (Ripk1K45A) and the conditional knockout mice lacking RIPK1 only in liver parenchymal cells (Ripk1LPC-KO), to characterize the role of RIPK1 and TNF-α in hepatitis induced by concanavalin A (ConA). Our results show that RIPK1 is dispensable for liver homeostasis under steady-state conditions but in contrast, RIPK1 kinase activity contributes to caspase-independent cell death induction following ConA injection and RIPK1 also serves as a scaffold, protecting hepatocytes from massive apoptotic cell death in this model. In the Ripk1LPC-KO mice challenged with ConA, TNF-α triggers apoptosis, responsible for the observed severe hepatitis. Mechanism potentially involves both TNF-independent canonical NF-κB activation, as well as TNF-dependent, but canonical NF-κB-independent mechanisms. In conclusion, our results suggest that RIPK1 kinase activity is a pertinent therapeutic target to protect liver against excessive cell death in liver diseases.
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Shi X, Tang Y, Sun X, Liu Y, Sun Y, Sun M, Jiang Y, Li Y. Interleukin-33-induced immune tolerance is associated with the imbalance of memory and naïve T-lymphocyte subsets. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:4837-4843. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Noel G, Arshad MI, Filliol A, Genet V, Rauch M, Lucas-Clerc C, Lehuen A, Girard JP, Piquet-Pellorce C, Samson M. Ablation of interaction between IL-33 and ST2+ regulatory T cells increases immune cell-mediated hepatitis and activated NK cell liver infiltration. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2016; 311:G313-23. [PMID: 27340126 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00097.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The IL-33/ST2 axis plays a protective role in T-cell-mediated hepatitis, but little is known about the functional impact of endogenous IL-33 on liver immunopathology. We used IL-33-deficient mice to investigate the functional effect of endogenous IL-33 in concanavalin A (Con A)-hepatitis. IL-33(-/-) mice displayed more severe Con A liver injury than wild-type (WT) mice, consistent with a hepatoprotective effect of IL-33. The more severe hepatic injury in IL-33(-/-) mice was associated with significantly higher levels of TNF-α and IL-1β and a larger number of NK cells infiltrating the liver. The expression of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) and IL-17 was not significantly varied between WT and IL-33(-/-) mice following Con A-hepatitis. The percentage of CD25(+) NK cells was significantly higher in the livers of IL-33(-/-) mice than in WT mice in association with upregulated expression of CXCR3 in the liver. Regulatory T cells (Treg cells) strongly infiltrated the liver in both WT and IL-33(-/-) mice, but Con A treatment increased their membrane expression of ST2 and CD25 only in WT mice. In vitro, IL-33 had a significant survival effect, increasing the total number of splenocytes, including B cells, CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, and the frequency of ST2(+) Treg cells. In conclusion, IL-33 acts as a potent immune modulator protecting the liver through activation of ST2(+) Treg cells and control of NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Noel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement & Travail (IRSET), Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 CNRS-US18 Inserm, Rennes, France
| | - Muhammad Imran Arshad
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement & Travail (IRSET), Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 CNRS-US18 Inserm, Rennes, France
| | - Aveline Filliol
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement & Travail (IRSET), Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 CNRS-US18 Inserm, Rennes, France
| | - Valentine Genet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement & Travail (IRSET), Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 CNRS-US18 Inserm, Rennes, France
| | - Michel Rauch
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement & Travail (IRSET), Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 CNRS-US18 Inserm, Rennes, France
| | - Catherine Lucas-Clerc
- Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Service de Biochimie CHU Rennes, Université de Rennes 1; Rennes, France
| | - Agnès Lehuen
- Inserm UMRS 1016-CNRS UMR 8104, Institut Cochin, Université Paris, Descartes, France; and
| | - Jean-Philippe Girard
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (IPBS-CNRS), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Piquet-Pellorce
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement & Travail (IRSET), Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 CNRS-US18 Inserm, Rennes, France
| | - Michel Samson
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement & Travail (IRSET), Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 CNRS-US18 Inserm, Rennes, France;
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Liang Y, Kwota Z, Sun J. Intrahepatic regulation of antiviral T cell responses at initial stages of viral infection. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 39:106-112. [PMID: 27459170 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
It is generally accepted that the appropriate boost of early immune response will control viral replications and limit the immune-mediated pathology in viral hepatitis. However, poor immunity results in viral persistence, chronic inflammation and finally liver cirrhosis and carcinoma. As a peripheral non-lymphoid organ of immune surveillance, the liver continually encounters hundreds of molecules from the blood, including nutrients, toxins and pathogens. In this way, the liver maintains immune tolerance under healthy conditions, but responds quickly to the hepatotropic pathogens during the early stages of an infection. Although our knowledge of liver cell compositions and functions has been improved significantly in recent years, the intrahepatic immune regulation of antiviral T cells at the initial stage is complex and not well elucidated. Here, we summarize the role of liver cell subpopulations in regulating antiviral T cell response at the initial stages of viral infection. A better understanding of early hepatic immune regulation will pave the way for the development of novel therapies and vaccine design for human viral hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejin Liang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1070, USA.
| | - Zakari Kwota
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1070, USA
| | - Jiaren Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1070, USA
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IL-33 Contributes to Schistosoma japonicum-induced Hepatic Pathology through Induction of M2 Macrophages. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29844. [PMID: 27445267 PMCID: PMC4956744 DOI: 10.1038/srep29844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-33 is involved in T helper (Th)2-biased immune responses in mice infected with Schistosoma, but the precise mechanism remains to be elucidated. Herein, we investigated the role of IL-33 and its receptor ST2L in hepatic granuloma pathology induced by Schistosoma japonicum infection. We found that IL-33 induced the increased production of IL-5 and IL-13 from splenocytes and liver mononuclear cells (MNCs) of infected mice. The infected mice developed significantly higher number of ST2L-expressing cells in spleen and liver. Most of the ST2L-expressing cells in liver were F4/80(+) macrophages, indicating the key role of macrophages in the response to IL-33. However, the liver MNCs in male-only worm infection had a poor response to IL-33, though elevated serum IL-33 was observed. ST2L(+)F4/80(+) cells were lower in male-only worm infection than that of mixed infection. IL-33 and soluble egg antigen (SEA) upregulated ST2L expression on macrophages in vitro and ST2L-expressing macrophage displayed MHCII(-)CD11b(+)M2 phenotype. Macrophage deletion significantly attenuated IL-33-induced type 2 immunity and egg granuloma formation during S. japonicum infection. These data demonstrate that IL-33 contributes to hepatic granuloma pathology through induction of M2 macrophages during S. japonicum infection.
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Potential Therapeutic Aspects of Alarmin Cytokine Interleukin 33 or Its Inhibitors in Various Diseases. Clin Ther 2016; 38:1000-1016.e1. [PMID: 26992663 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this review was to examine the comprehensively accumulated data regarding potential therapeutic aspects of exogenous administration of interleukin 33 (IL-33) or its antagonists in allergic, cancerous, infectious, and inflammatory diseases. METHODS A selected review was undertaken of publications that examined the protective and exacerbating effects of IL-33 or its inhibitors in different diseases. Mechanisms of action are summarized to examine the putative role of IL-33 in various diseases. FINDINGS IL-33 promoted antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and vaccine adjuvant functions. However, in TH2-biased respiratory, allergic, parasitic, and inflammatory conditions, IL-33 exhibited disease-sensitizing effects. The alarmin cytokine IL-33 induced protective effects in diseases via recruitment of regulatory T cells; antiviral CD8(+) cells, natural killer cells, γδ T cells, and nuocytes; antibacterial and antifungal neutrophils or macrophages; vaccine-associated B/T cells; and inhibition of nuclear factor-κB-mediated gene transcription. In contrast, IL-33 exacerbated the disease process by increasing TH2 cytokines, IgE and eosinophilic immune responses, and inhibition of leukocyte recruitment in various diseases. IMPLICATIONS The protective or exacerbated aspects of use of IL-33 or its inhibitors are dependent on the type of infection or inflammatory condition, duration of disease (acute or chronic), organ involved, cytokine microenvironment, dose or kinetics of IL-33, and genetic predisposition. The alarmin cytokine IL-33 acts at cellular, molecular, and transcriptional levels to mediate pluripotent functions in various diseases and has potential therapeutic value to mitigate the disease process.
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Shelite TR, Liang Y, Wang H, Mendell NL, Trent BJ, Sun J, Gong B, Xu G, Hu H, Bouyer DH, Soong L. IL-33-Dependent Endothelial Activation Contributes to Apoptosis and Renal Injury in Orientia tsutsugamushi-Infected Mice. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004467. [PMID: 26943125 PMCID: PMC4778942 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (EC) are the main target for Orientia tsutsugamushi infection and EC dysfunction is a hallmark of severe scrub typhus in patients. However, the molecular basis of EC dysfunction and its impact on infection outcome are poorly understood. We found that C57BL/6 mice that received a lethal dose of O. tsutsugamushi Karp strain had a significant increase in the expression of IL-33 and its receptor ST2L in the kidneys and liver, but a rapid reduction of IL-33 in the lungs. We also found exacerbated EC stress and activation in the kidneys of infected mice, as evidenced by elevated angiopoietin (Ang) 2/Ang1 ratio, increased endothelin 1 (ET-1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression. Such responses were significantly attenuated in the IL-33-/- mice. Importantly, IL-33-/- mice also had markedly attenuated disease due to reduced EC stress and cellular apoptosis. To confirm the biological role of IL-33, we challenged wild-type (WT) mice with a sub-lethal dose of O. tsutsugamushi and gave mice recombinant IL-33 (rIL-33) every 2 days for 10 days. Exogenous IL-33 significantly increased disease severity and lethality, which correlated with increased EC stress and activation, increased CXCL1 and CXCL2 chemokines, but decreased anti-apoptotic gene BCL-2 in the kidneys. To further examine the role of EC stress, we infected human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in vitro. We found an infection dose-dependent increase in the expression of IL-33, ST2L soluble ST2 (sST2), and the Ang2/Ang1 ratio at 24 and 48 hours post-infection. This study indicates a pathogenic role of alarmin IL-33 in a murine model of scrub typhus and highlights infection-triggered EC damage and IL-33-mediated pathological changes during the course of Orientia infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Shelite
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yuejin Liang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nicole L Mendell
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Center for Tropical Diseases, Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, Institute of Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Brandon J Trent
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Center for Tropical Diseases, Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, Institute of Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jiaren Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bin Gong
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Center for Tropical Diseases, Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, Institute of Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Guang Xu
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Center for Tropical Diseases, Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, Institute of Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Haitao Hu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Donald H Bouyer
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Center for Tropical Diseases, Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, Institute of Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lynn Soong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America.,Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Center for Tropical Diseases, Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, Institute of Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
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37
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Martin NT, Martin MU. Interleukin 33 is a guardian of barriers and a local alarmin. Nat Immunol 2016; 17:122-31. [DOI: 10.1038/ni.3370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abstract
The intravenous injection of the plant lectin concanavalin A (ConA) is a widely used model for acute immune-mediated hepatitis in mice. In contrast to several other models for acute hepatic damage, ConA-induced injury is primarily driven by the activation and recruitment of T cells to the liver. Hence, the ConA model has unique features with respect to its pathogenesis and important similarities to immune-mediated hepatitis in humans, such as autoimmune hepatitis, acute viral hepatitis or distinct entities of drug toxicity leading to immune activation. However, the ConA model has considerable variability, depending on the preparation of the compound, genetic background of the mice, sex, age and microbial environment of the animal facility barrier. This standard operating procedure (SOP) comprises a detailed protocol for the ConA application, including preparation of ConA working solution, handling of the animals, choice of the appropriate conditions and endpoints, as well as efficient dose-finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Heymann
- Department of Internal Medicine III, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - K Hamesch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - R Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany for the Transregional Collaborative Research Center 'Organ Fibrosis: From Mechanisms of Injury to Modulation of Disease' (SFB/TRR57)
| | - F Tacke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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39
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Arshad MI, Guihard P, Danger Y, Noel G, Le Seyec J, Boutet MA, Richards CD, L'Helgoualc'h A, Genet V, Lucas-Clerc C, Gascan H, Blanchard F, Piquet-Pellorce C, Samson M. Oncostatin M induces IL-33 expression in liver endothelial cells in mice and expands ST2+CD4+ lymphocytes. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2015; 309:G542-53. [PMID: 26251474 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00398.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-33 is crucially involved in liver pathology and drives hepatoprotective functions. However, the regulation of IL-33 by cytokines of the IL-6 family, including oncostatin M (OSM) and IL-6, is not well studied. The aim of the present study was to determine whether OSM mediates regulation of IL-33 expression in liver cells. Intramuscular administration in mice of an adenovirus encoding OSM (AdOSM) leads to increase in expression of OSM in muscles, liver, and serum of AdOSM-infected mice compared with control mice. The increase of circulating OSM markedly regulated mRNA of genes associated with blood vessel biology, chemotaxis, cellular death, induction of cell adhesion molecules, and the alarmin cytokine IL-33 in liver. Steady-state IL-33 mRNA was upregulated by OSM at an early phase (8 h) following AdOSM infection. At the protein level, the expression of IL-33 was significantly induced in liver endothelial cells [liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) and vascular endothelial cells] with a peak at 8 days post-AdOSM infection in mice. In addition, we found OSM-stimulated human microvascular endothelial HMEC-1 cells and human LSEC/TRP3 cells showed a significant increase in expression of IL-33 mRNA in a dose-dependent manner in cell culture. The OSM-mediated overexpression of IL-33 was associated with the activation/enrichment of CD4(+)ST2(+) cells in liver of AdOSM-infected mice compared with adenovirus encoding green fluorescent protein-treated control mice. In summary, these data suggest that the cytokine OSM regulates the IL-33 expression in liver endothelial cells in vivo and in HMEC-1/TRP3 cells in vitro and may specifically expand the target CD4(+)ST2(+) cells in liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Arshad
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1085, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement et Travail, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-US18 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Rennes, France
| | - Pierre Guihard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR 957, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes, France
| | - Yannic Danger
- Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-US18 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Rennes, France; EFS, Rennes, France
| | - Gregory Noel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1085, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement et Travail, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-US18 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Rennes, France
| | - Jacques Le Seyec
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1085, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement et Travail, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-US18 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Astrid Boutet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR 957, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes, France
| | - Carl D Richards
- McMaster Immunology Research Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Annie L'Helgoualc'h
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1085, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement et Travail, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-US18 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Rennes, France
| | - Valentine Genet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1085, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement et Travail, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-US18 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Rennes, France
| | - Catherine Lucas-Clerc
- Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Service de Biochimie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Hugues Gascan
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6290, Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes, Rennes, France; and
| | - Frédéric Blanchard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR 957, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes, France
| | - Claire Piquet-Pellorce
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1085, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement et Travail, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-US18 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Rennes, France
| | - Michel Samson
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1085, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement et Travail, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Structure Fédérative BioSit UMS 3480 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-US18 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Rennes, France;
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Saluja R, Khan M, Church MK, Maurer M. The role of IL-33 and mast cells in allergy and inflammation. Clin Transl Allergy 2015; 5:33. [PMID: 26425339 PMCID: PMC4588911 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-015-0076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) cytokine family. It is preferentially and constitutively expressed in different structural cells such as epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells. During necrosis of these cells (after tissue injury or cell damage), the IL-33 that is released may be recognized by different types of immune cells, such as eosinophils, basophils and, especially, mast cells. IL-33 needs the specific receptor ST2 (membrane-bound receptor) and Interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein heterodimer for its binding, which instigates the production of different types of cytokines and chemokines that have crucial roles in the exacerbation of allergic diseases and inflammation. IL-33 and mast cells have been influentially associated to the pathophysiology of allergic diseases and inflammation. IL-33 is a crucial regulator of mast cell functions and might be an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of allergic and inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the roles of IL-33 and mast cells in the pathogenesis of allergies and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Saluja
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany ; Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462024 India ; Ramalingaswami Fellow, Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Mahejibin Khan
- Central Food Technological Research Institute-Resource Centre, Lucknow, India
| | - Martin K Church
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Wang JB, Wang HT, Li LP, Yan YC, Wang W, Liu JY, Zhao YT, Gao WS, Zhang MX. Development of a rat model of D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide induced hepatorenal syndrome. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:9927-9935. [PMID: 26379397 PMCID: PMC4566385 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i34.9927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To develop a practical and reproducible rat model of hepatorenal syndrome for further study of the pathophysiology of human hepatorenal syndrome.
METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were intravenously injected with D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) via the tail vein to induce fulminant hepatic failure to develop a model of hepatorenal syndrome. Liver and kidney function tests and plasma cytokine levels were measured after D-galactosamine/LPS administration, and hepatic and renal pathology was studied. Glomerular filtration rate was detected in conscious rats using micro-osmotic pump technology with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled inulin as a surrogate marker.
RESULTS: Serum levels of biochemical indicators including liver and kidney function indexes and cytokines all significantly changed, especially at 12 h after D-galactosamine/LPS administration [alanine aminotransferase, 3389.5 ± 499.5 IU/L; blood urea nitrogen, 13.9 ± 1.3 mmol/L; Cr, 78.1 ± 2.9 μmol/L; K+, 6.1 ± 0.5 mmol/L; Na+, 130.9 ± 1.9 mmol/L; Cl-, 90.2 ± 1.9 mmol/L; tumor necrosis factor-α, 1699.6 ± 599.1 pg/mL; endothelin-1, 95.9 ± 25.9 pg/mL; P < 0.05 compared with normal saline control group]. Hepatocyte necrosis was aggravated gradually, which was most significant at 12 h after treatment with D-galactosamine/LPS, and was characterized by massive hepatocyte necrosis, while the structures of glomeruli, proximal and distal tubules were normal. Glomerular filtration rate was significantly decreased to 30%-35% of the control group at 12 h after D-galactosamine/LPS administration [Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)1, 0.79 ± 0.11 mL/min; GFR2, 3.58 ± 0.49 mL/min·kgBW-1; GFR3, 0.39 ± 0.99 mL/min·gKW-1]. The decreasing timing of GFR was consistent with that of the presence of hepatocyte necrosis and liver and kidney dysfunction.
CONCLUSION: The joint use of D-galactosamine and LPS can induce liver and kidney dysfunction and decline of glomerular filtration rate in rats which is a successful rat model of hepatorenal syndrome.
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Liang Y, Jie Z, Hou L, Yi P, Wang W, Kwota Z, Salvato M, de Waal Malefyt R, Soong L, Sun J. IL-33 promotes innate IFN-γ production and modulates dendritic cell response in LCMV-induced hepatitis in mice. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45:3052-63. [PMID: 26249267 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201545696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed IL-33 as a key factor in promoting antiviral T-cell responses. However, it is less clear as to how IL-33 regulates innate immunity. In this study, we infected wild-type (WT) and IL-33(-/-) mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and demonstrated an essential role of infection-induced IL-33 expression for robust innate IFN-γ production in the liver. We first show that IL-33 deficiency resulted in a marked reduction in the number of IFN-γ(+) γδ T and NK cells, but an increase in that of IL-17(+) γδ T cells at 16 h postinfection. Recombinant IL-33 (rIL-33) treatment could reverse such deficiency via increasing IFN-γ-producing γδ T and NK cells, and inhibiting IL-17(+) γδ T cells. We also found that rIL-33-induced type 2 innate lymphoid cells were not involved in T-cell responses and liver injury, since the adoptive transfer of type 2 innate lymphoid cells neither affected the IFN-γ and TNF-α production in T cells, nor liver transferase levels in lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infected mice. Interestingly, we found that while IL-33 was not required for costimulatory molecule expression, it was critical for DC proliferation and cytokine production. Together, this study highlights an essential role of IL-33 in regulating innate IFN-γ-production and DC function during viral hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejin Liang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Zuliang Jie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Lifei Hou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Panpan Yi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis of Hunan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Zakari Kwota
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Maria Salvato
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Lynn Soong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.,Department of Pathology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jiaren Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Lian F, Wang Y, Xiao Y, Wu X, Xu H, Liang L, Yang X. Activated farnesoid X receptor attenuates apoptosis and liver injury in autoimmune hepatitis. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:5821-7. [PMID: 26238153 PMCID: PMC4581797 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory liver disease associated with interface hepatitis, the presence of autoantibodies, regulatory T-cell dysfunction and raised plasma liver enzyme levels. The present study assessed the hepatoprotective and antiapoptotic role of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in AIH. A mouse model of AIH was induced by treatment with concanavalin A (ConA). The FXR agonist, chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), was administered to mice exhibiting ConA-induced liver injury and a normal control. Blood samples were obtained to detect the levels of aminotransferases and inflammatory cytokines. Liver specimens were collected, and hematoxylin-eosin staining was used for histopathological examination and detection. Apoptosis was evaluated using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method. The expression levels of apoptosis-associated genes and proteins were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. The results demonstrated that FXR was downregulated at the mRNA and protein level in the liver specimens of mice induced with ConA-induced hepatitis. Increased levels of aminotransferases and inflammatory cytokines, including interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-2, were detected in ConA-treated mice. The mice pretreated with the FXR agonist, CDCA, were more resistant to ConA hepatitis, as indicated by reduced levels of alanine transaminase/aspartate aminotransferase and aminotransferases. The activation of FXR ameliorated hepatocyte apoptosis, as demonstrated by TUNEL analysis and downregulation of the Fas/Fas ligand, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand and caspase-3. Taken together, FXR activation ameliorated liver injury and suppressed inflammatory cytokines in ConA-induced hepatitis. FXR, therefore, exerts a protective role against ConA-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Lian
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Youjun Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xiwen Wu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Hanshi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Liuqin Liang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xiuyan Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Interleukin-27 (IL-27) belongs to the IL-6/IL-12 family of cytokines, associated with different inflammatory diseases and orchestrates its biological activity via common heterodimeric receptor composed of WSX-1 (IL-27Rα) and gp130. The present study was aimed to investigate the regulation of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 chemokines in hepatic cells (human LX-2 cell line derived from normal human stellate cells (HSC), primary human hepatocytes, HSC, and HepG2 cells) and concanavalin A (ConA)-induced liver inflammation. We demonstrated that IL-27, but not IL-6, induced/up-regulated CXCR3 ligand genes (CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11; out of 26 selected genes) in a STAT1-dependent manner in hepatic cells in vitro both at transcript and protein levels. In ConA-induced T cell-mediated hepatic model, we showed that soluble IL-27/IFNγ was elevated following ConA hepatitis in association with increased CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 expression in the liver. The exogenous IL-27 administration induced CXCR3 ligands in mouse liver at 4 h with any significant effect on recruitment of CXCR3(+) immune cells in the liver. The neutralization of IL-27 during ConA hepatitis differentially modulated (transcript vs protein expression) CXCR3 ligands and IFNγ during ConA-induced hepatitis with down-regulated expression of CXCL9 and CXCL10 at transcript level. The IFNγ, complementary regulated the expression of CXCR3 ligands as their up-regulation during ConA hepatitis, was abolished in IFNγ KO mice. In summary, IL-27 up-regulated the CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 chemokine expression in hepatic cells. IL-27 regulated CXCR3 ligand expression in IFNγ-dependent manner during acute hepatitis suggesting a complementary role of IL-27 and IFNγ to moderate liver inflammation via regulation of CXCR3 ligands. KEY MESSAGE IL-27 up-regulated CXCR3 ligand expression in human hepatic cells in vitro. IL-27 up-regulated CXCR3 ligand expression and secretion in ConA hepatitis in vivo. CXCR3 ligand expression was down-regulated by blocking IL-27 or IFNγ deficiency. IL-27 modulated liver injury by regulation of CXCR3 ligands in IFNγ-dependent manner.
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Yang Z, Tang T, Wei X, Yang S, Tian Z. Type 1 innate lymphoid cells contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B. Innate Immun 2015; 21:665-73. [PMID: 25977358 DOI: 10.1177/1753425915586074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) function in producing effector cytokines in response to pathogenic infections. However, the roles and related mechanisms of the ILC subpopulations, ILC1 and ILC2, which mirror Th1 and Th2 in adaptive immunity, remain unclear. In this study, we found the markedly elevated levels of the ILC1 transcription factor T-bet, the effector cytokine IFN-γ and the IL/receptor signaling molecules IL-12/IL-12R, which are indispensable for ILC1 differentiation, in the helper ILCs of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. The elevated level of the ILC1 population was significantly associated with hepatic damage in CHB patients, and was not related to telbivudine treatment. In contrast, although we also observed elevated levels of ILC2-related factors, including IL-33, ST2, GATA3 and IL-13 in helper ILCs, the extent of elevation shown by each was lower than that shown by the ILC1-related factors. Furthermore, the activity of the ILC2s did not correlate with either HBV copies or liver damage. The findings of this study suggest potential pro-inflammatory roles for ILC1s in CHB pathogenesis, potentiating these cells and their related molecules as targets of diagnostic, prognostic and/or therapeutic strategies for hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqing Yang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tengqian Tang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaolin Wei
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The People's Hospital of Zunyi County, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhiqiang Tian
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Arshad MI, Piquet-Pellorce C, Filliol A, L'Helgoualc'h A, Lucas-Clerc C, Jouan-Lanhouet S, Dimanche-Boitrel MT, Samson M. The chemical inhibitors of cellular death, PJ34 and Necrostatin-1, down-regulate IL-33 expression in liver. J Mol Med (Berl) 2015; 93:867-78. [PMID: 25747661 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-015-1270-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a cytokine belonging to the IL-1 family, is crucially involved in inflammatory pathologies including liver injury and linked to various modes of cell death. However, a link between IL-33 and necroptosis or programmed necrosis in liver pathology remains elusive. We aimed to investigate the regulation of IL-33 during necroptosis-associated liver injury. The possible regulation of IL-33 during liver injury by receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) was investigated in mice in vivo and in hepatic stellate cells in vitro. The liver immunohistopathology, flow cytometry, serum transaminase measurement, ELISA, and qPCR-based cytokine measurement were carried out. By using a chemical approach, we showed that pretreatment of mice with Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) (inhibitor of RIPK1) and/or PJ34 (inhibitor of PARP-1) significantly protected mice against concanavalin A (ConA) liver injury (aspartate amino-transferase (AST)/alanine amino-transferase (ALT)) associated with down-regulated hepatocyte-specific IL-33 expression. In contrast, the expression level of most systemic cytokines (except for IL-6) or activation of liver immune cells was not altered by chemical inhibitors rather an increased infiltration of neutrophils in the liver. During polyinosine-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C))-induced acute hepatitis, liver injury and hepatocyte-specific IL-33 expression was also inhibited by PJ34 without any protective effect of PJ34 in CCl4-induced liver injury. Moreover, PJ34 down-regulated the protein expression of IL-33 in activated hepatic stellate cells by cocktail of cytokines or staurosporine in vitro. In conclusion, we evidenced that the Nec-1/PJ34 is a potent inhibitor of liver injury and Nec-1/PJ34 down-regulated hepatocyte-specific IL-33 expression in the liver in vivo or in hepatic stellate cells in vitro, suggesting IL-33 as a possible readout of necroptosis-involved liver pathologies. KEY MESSAGE Necroptosis inhibitors can protect mice against liver injury induced by ConA or Poly(I:C). IL-33 expression in liver injury in vivo is inhibited by PJ34. IL-33 expression in hepatic stellate cells in vitro is inhibited by PJ34. Hepatocyte-specific IL-33 expression is down-regulated by Nec-1/PJ34 during hepatitis. IL-33 is a new marker of necroptosis-associated liver injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Arshad
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U.1085, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement and Travail (IRSET), 35043, Rennes, France
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Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are involved in the development of mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues and serve as a rapid and early source of the effector cytokines that are typically associated with the T helper cell subsets in response to pathogen-induced changes in the microenvironment. Recent research has implicated ILCs as potential contributing factors to the spectrum of inflammation-related hepatic diseases, particularly hepatitis, fibrosis and carcinoma. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the roles of ILCs in these hepatic pathogeneses, providing insights into the underlying cellular and signaling mechanisms to help guide the future research to elucidate the ILCs' characters under normal and diseased conditions and provide interventional targets with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yang
- a Institute of Immunology, PLA , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Tian
- a Institute of Immunology, PLA , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- a Institute of Immunology, PLA , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China
| | | | - Bing Ni
- a Institute of Immunology, PLA , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China
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48
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Crucial and diverse role of the interleukin-33/ST2 axis in infectious diseases. Infect Immun 2015; 83:1738-48. [PMID: 25712928 DOI: 10.1128/iai.02908-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) has now emerged as a cytokine with diverse and pleiotropic functions in various infectious and inflammatory diseases. IL-33 is expressed by epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and hepatocytes. The target cells of IL-33 are Th2 cells, basophils, dendritic cells, mast cells, macrophages, NKT cells, and nuocytes, newly discovered natural helper cells/innate lymphoid cells bearing the ST2 receptor. IL-33 has dual functions, both as a traditional cytokine and as a nuclear factor that regulates gene transcription. IL-33 functions as an "alarmin" released following cell death, as a biomarker, and as a vaccine adjuvant, with proinflammatory and protective effects during various infections. The exacerbated or protective role of the IL-33/ST2 axis during different infections is dependent upon the organ involved, type of infectious agent, whether the infection is acute or chronic, the invasiveness of the infectious agent, the host immune compartment, and cellular and cytokine microenvironments. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the understanding of the role of the IL-33/ST2 axis in various viral, bacterial, fungal, helminth, and protozoal infectious diseases gained from animal models and studies in human patients. The functional role of IL-33 and ST2 during experimentally induced infections has been summarized by accumulating the data for IL-33- and ST2-deficient mice or for mice exogenously administered IL-33. In summary, exploring the crucial and diverse roles of the IL-33/ST2 axis during infections may help in the development of therapeutic interventions for a wide range of infectious diseases.
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49
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IL-33: an alarmin cytokine with crucial roles in innate immunity, inflammation and allergy. Curr Opin Immunol 2014; 31:31-7. [PMID: 25278425 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 490] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
IL-33 is a nuclear cytokine from the IL-1 family constitutively expressed in epithelial barrier tissues and lymphoid organs, which plays important roles in type-2 innate immunity and human asthma. Recent studies indicate that IL-33 induces production of large amounts of IL-5 and IL-13 by group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), for initiation of allergic inflammation shortly after exposure to allergens or infection with parasites or viruses. IL-33 appears to function as an alarmin (alarm signal) rapidly released from producing cells upon cellular damage or cellular stress. In this review, we discuss the cellular sources, mode of action and regulation of IL-33, and we highlight its crucial roles in vivo with particular emphasis on results obtained using IL33-deficient mice.
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Yu SL, Wong CK, Tam LS. The alarmin functions of high-mobility group box-1 and IL-33 in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 9:739-49. [PMID: 23971752 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2013.814428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
'Alarmins' are a group of endogenous proteins or molecules that are released from cells during cellular demise to alert the host innate immune system. Two of them, high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and IL-33 shared many similarities of cellular localization, functions and involvement in various inflammatory diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The expressions of HMGB1 and IL-33, and their corresponding receptors RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products) and ST2, respectively, are substantially upregulated in patients with lupus nephritis (LN). This review highlights the emerging roles of alarmin proteins in various pathologies of LN, by focusing on classical HMGB1 and a newly discovered alarmin IL-33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shui-Lian Yu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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