1
|
Mao T, He P, Xu Z, Lai Y, Huang J, Yu Z, Li P, Gong X. Impacts of small-molecule STAT3 inhibitor SC-43 on toxicity, global proteomics and metabolomics of HepG2 cells. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 242:116023. [PMID: 38395000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity and potential mechanisms of SC-43 by analyzing the global proteomics and metabolomics of HepG2 cells exposed to SC-43. METHODS The effect of SC-43 on cell viability was evaluated through CCK-8 assay. Proteomics and metabolomics studies were performed on HepG2 cells exposed to SC-43, and the functions of differentially expressed proteins and metabolites were categorized. Drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) was utilized to identify the potential binding proteins of SC-43 in HepG2 cells. Finally, based on the KEGG pathway database, the co-regulatory mechanism of SC-43 on HepG2 cells was elucidated by conducting a joint pathway analysis on the differentially expressed proteins and metabolites using the MetaboAnalyst 5.0 platform. RESULTS Liver cell viability is significantly impaired by continuous exposure to high concentrations of SC-43. Forty-eight dysregulated proteins (27 upregulated, 21 downregulated) were identified by proteomics analysis, and 184 dysregulated metabolites (65 upregulated, 119 downregulated) were determined by metabolomics in HepG2 cells exposed to SC-43 exposure compared with the control. A joint pathway analysis of proteomics and metabolomics data using the MetaboAnalyst 5.0 platform supported the close correlation between SC-43 toxicity toward HepG2 and the disturbances in pyrimidine metabolism, ferroptosis, mismatch repair, and ABC transporters. Specifically, SC-43 significantly affected the expression of several proteins and metabolites correlated with the above-mentioned functional pathways, such as uridine 5'-monophosphate, uridine, 3'-CMP, glutathione, γ-Glutamylcysteine, TF, MSH2, RPA1, RFC3, TAP1, and glycerol. The differential proteins suggested by the joint analysis were further selected for ELISA validation. The data showed that the RPA1 and TAP1 protein levels significantly increased in HepG2 cells exposed to SC-43 compared to the control group. The results of ELISA and joint analysis were basically in agreement. Notably, DARTS and biochemical analysis indicated that SART3 might be a potential target for SC-43 toxicity in HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION In summary, prolonged exposure of liver cells to high concentrations of SC-43 can result in significant damage. Based on a multi-omics analysis, we identified proteins and metabolites associated with SC-43-induced hepatocellular injury and clarified the underlying mechanism, providing new insights into the toxic mechanism of SC-43.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Mao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Peikun He
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infections, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Zhichao Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infections, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Yingying Lai
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infections, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Jinlian Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infections, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Zhijian Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infections, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Peiyu Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infections, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China.
| | - Xianqiong Gong
- Hepatology Center, Xiamen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Xiamen 361001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen S, Zhao H, Tian Y, Wu Q, Zhang J, Liu S, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Li B, Chen S, Wang Z, Xiao R, Ji X. Antagonizing roles of SHP1 in the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2024; 29:e13066. [PMID: 38468575 DOI: 10.1111/hel.13066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SHP1 has been documented as a tumor suppressor and it was thought to play an antagonistic role in the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection. In this study, the exact mechanism of this antagonistic action was studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS AGS, MGC803, and GES-1 cells were infected with H. pylori, intracellular distribution changes of SHP1 were first detected by immunofluorescence. SHP1 overexpression and knockdown were then constructed in these cells to investigate its antagonistic roles in H. pylori infection. Migration and invasion of infected cells were detected by transwell assay, secretion of IL-8 was examined via ELISA, the cells with hummingbird-like alteration were determined by microexamination, and activation of JAK2/STAT3, PI3K/Akt, and ERK pathways were detected by immunoblotting. Mice infection model was established and gastric pathological changes were evaluated. Finally, the SHP1 activator sorafenib was used to analyze the attenuating effect of SHP1 activation on H. pylori pathogenesis in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS The sub-localization of SHP1 changed after H. pylori infection, specifically that the majority of the cytoplasmic SHP1 was transferred to the cell membrane. SHP1 inhibited H. pylori-induced activation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway, PI3K/Akt pathway, nuclear translocation of NF-κB, and then reduced EMT, migration, invasion, and IL-8 secretion. In addition, SHP1 inhibited the formation of CagA-SHP2 complex by dephosphorylating phosphorylated CagA, reduced ERK phosphorylation and the formation of CagA-dependent hummingbird-like cells. In the mice infection model, gastric pathological changes were observed and increased IL-8 secretion, indicators of cell proliferation and EMT progression were also detected. By activating SHP1 with sorafenib, a significant curative effect against H. pylori infection was obtained in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS SHP1 plays an antagonistic role in H. pylori pathogenesis by inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/Akt pathways, NF-κB nuclear translocation, and CagA phosphorylation, thereby reducing cell EMT, migration, invasion, IL-8 secretion, and hummingbird-like changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | | | - Yue Tian
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Qianwen Wu
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | | | | | - Ying Zhang
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yulong Wu
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Boqing Li
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | | | - Ruoyu Xiao
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaofei Ji
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lim S, Lee KW, Kim JY, Kim KD. Consideration of SHP-1 as a Molecular Target for Tumor Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:331. [PMID: 38203502 PMCID: PMC10779157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormal activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) contributes to tumorigenesis, while protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) contribute to tumor control. One of the most representative PTPs is Src homology region 2 (SH2) domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP-1), which is associated with either an increased or decreased survival rate depending on the cancer type. Hypermethylation in the promoter region of PTPN6, the gene for the SHP-1 protein, is a representative epigenetic regulation mechanism that suppresses the expression of SHP-1 in tumor cells. SHP-1 comprises two SH2 domains (N-SH2 and C-SH2) and a catalytic PTP domain. Intramolecular interactions between the N-SH2 and PTP domains inhibit SHP-1 activity. Opening of the PTP domain by a conformational change in SHP-1 increases enzymatic activity and contributes to a tumor control phenotype by inhibiting the activation of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT3) pathway. Although various compounds that increase SHP-1 activation or expression have been proposed as tumor therapeutics, except sorafenib and its derivatives, few candidates have demonstrated clinical significance. In some cancers, SHP-1 expression and activation contribute to a tumorigenic phenotype by inducing a tumor-friendly microenvironment. Therefore, developing anticancer drugs targeting SHP-1 must consider the effect of SHP-1 on both cell biological mechanisms of SHP-1 in tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment according to the target cancer type. Furthermore, the use of combination therapies should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyeon Lim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Anti-Aging Bio Cell Factory—Regional Leading Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jeong Yoon Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Institute of Agricultural and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kwang Dong Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea;
- Anti-Aging Bio Cell Factory—Regional Leading Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea;
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Schlicher L, Green LG, Romagnani A, Renner F. Small molecule inhibitors for cancer immunotherapy and associated biomarkers - the current status. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1297175. [PMID: 38022587 PMCID: PMC10644399 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1297175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Following the success of cancer immunotherapy using large molecules against immune checkpoint inhibitors, the concept of using small molecules to interfere with intracellular negative regulators of anti-tumor immune responses has emerged in recent years. The main targets for small molecule drugs currently include enzymes of negative feedback loops in signaling pathways of immune cells and proteins that promote immunosuppressive signals within the tumor microenvironment. In the adaptive immune system, negative regulators of T cell receptor signaling (MAP4K1, DGKα/ζ, CBL-B, PTPN2, PTPN22, SHP1), co-receptor signaling (CBL-B) and cytokine signaling (PTPN2) have been preclinically validated as promising targets and initial clinical trials with small molecule inhibitors are underway. To enhance innate anti-tumor immune responses, inhibitory immunomodulation of cGAS/STING has been in the focus, and inhibitors of ENPP1 and TREX1 have reached the clinic. In addition, immunosuppressive signals via adenosine can be counteracted by CD39 and CD73 inhibition, while suppression via intratumoral immunosuppressive prostaglandin E can be targeted by EP2/EP4 antagonists. Here, we present the status of the most promising small molecule drug candidates for cancer immunotherapy, all residing relatively early in development, and the potential of relevant biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Schlicher
- Cancer Cell Targeted Therapy, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luke G. Green
- Therapeutic Modalities, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Romagnani
- Cancer Cell Targeted Therapy, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Renner
- Cancer Cell Targeted Therapy, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hong SY, Lu YT, Chen SY, Hsu CF, Lu YC, Wang CY, Huang KL. Targeting pathogenic macrophages by the application of SHP-1 agonists reduces inflammation and alleviates pulmonary fibrosis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:352. [PMID: 37291088 PMCID: PMC10249559 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05876-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive fibrotic disorder with no cure that is characterized by deterioration of lung function. Current FDA-approved drugs for IPF delay the decline in lung function, but neither reverse fibrosis nor significantly improve overall survival. SHP-1 deficiency results in hyperactive alveolar macrophages accumulating in the lung, which contribute to the induction of pulmonary fibrosis. Herein, we investigated whether employing a SHP-1 agonist ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis in a bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis murine model. Histological examination and micro-computed tomography images showed that SHP-1 agonist treatment alleviates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Reduced alveolar hemorrhage, lung inflammation, and collagen deposition, as well as enhanced alveolar space, lung capacity, and improved overall survival were observed in mice administered the SHP-1 agonist. The percentage of macrophages collected from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and circulating monocytes in bleomycin-instilled mice were also significantly reduced by SHP-1 agonist treatment, suggesting that the SHP-1 agonist may alleviate pulmonary fibrosis by targeting macrophages and reshaping the immunofibrotic niche. In human monocyte-derived macrophages, SHP-1 agonist treatment downregulated CSF1R expression and inactivated STAT3/NFκB signaling, culminating in inhibited macrophage survival and perturbed macrophage polarization. The expression of pro-fibrotic markers (e.g., MRC1, CD200R1, and FN1) by IL4/IL13-induced M2 macrophages that rely on CSF1R signaling for their fate-determination was restricted by SHP-1 agonist treatment. While M2-derived medium promoted the expression of fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition markers (e.g., ACTA2 and COL3A1), the application of SHP-1 agonist reversed the transition in a dose-dependent manner. Our report indicates that pharmacological activation of SHP-1 ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis via suppression of CSF1R signaling in macrophages, reduction of pathogenic macrophages, and the inhibition of fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition. Our study thus identifies SHP-1 as a druggable target for the treatment of IPF, and suggests that the SHP-1 agonist may be developed as an anti-pulmonary fibrosis medication that both suppresses inflammation and restrains fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiao-Ya Hong
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei, 23148, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Fang Hsu
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei, 23148, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Lu
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei, 23148, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, 23148, Taiwan.
| | - Kun-Lun Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan.
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nezhad Nezhad MT, Rajabi M, Nekooeizadeh P, Sanjari S, Pourvirdi B, Heidari MM, Veradi Esfahani P, Abdoli A, Bagheri S, Tobeiha M. Systemic lupus erythematosus: From non-coding RNAs to exosomal non-coding RNAs. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 247:154508. [PMID: 37224659 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as an immunological illness, frequently impacts young females. Both vulnerabilities to SLE and the course of the illness's clinical symptoms have been demonstrated to be affected by individual differences in non-coding RNA expression. Many non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are out of whack in patients with SLE. Because of the dysregulation of several ncRNAs in peripheral blood of patients suffering from SLE, these ncRNAs to be showed valuable as biomarkers for medication response, diagnosis, and activity. NcRNAs have also been demonstrated to influence immune cell activity and apoptosis. Altogether, these facts highlight the need of investigating the roles of both families of ncRNAs in the progress of SLE. Being aware of the significance of these transcripts perhaps elucidates the molecular pathogenesis of SLE and could open up promising avenues to create tailored treatments during this condition. In this review we summarized various non-coding RNAs and Exosomal non-coding RNAs in SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammadreza Rajabi
- Student Research Committee، Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pegah Nekooeizadeh
- Student Research Committee، Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Siavash Sanjari
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Bita Pourvirdi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Heidari
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Pegah Veradi Esfahani
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Abdoli
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sahar Bagheri
- Diabetes Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Tobeiha
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 3-Amino-4,4-Dimethyl Lithocholic Acid Derivatives as Novel, Selective, and Cellularly Active Allosteric SHP1 Activators. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062488. [PMID: 36985458 PMCID: PMC10056611 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP1), a non-receptor member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family, negatively regulates several signaling pathways that are responsible for pathological cell processes in cancers. In this study, we report a series of 3-amino-4,4-dimethyl lithocholic acid derivatives as SHP1 activators. The most potent compounds, 5az-ba, showed low micromolar activating effects (EC50: 1.54–2.10 μM) for SHP1, with 7.63–8.79-fold maximum activation and significant selectivity over the closest homologue Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) (>32-fold). 5az-ba showed potent anti-tumor effects with IC50 values of 1.65–5.51 μM against leukemia and lung cancer cells. A new allosteric mechanism of SHP1 activation, whereby small molecules bind to a central allosteric pocket and stabilize the active conformation of SHP1, was proposed. The activation mechanism was consistent with the structure–activity relationship (SAR) data. This study demonstrates that 3-amino-4,4-dimethyl lithocholic acid derivatives can be selective SHP1 activators with potent cellular efficacy.
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen YL, Hsieh CC, Chu PM, Chen JY, Huang YC, Chen CY. Roles of protein tyrosine phosphatases in hepatocellular carcinoma progression (Review). Oncol Rep 2023; 49:48. [PMID: 36660927 PMCID: PMC9887465 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents almost 80% of all liver cancers, is the sixth most common cancer and is the second‑highest cause of cancer‑related deaths worldwide. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), which are encoded by the largest family of phosphatase genes, play critical roles in cellular responses and are implicated in various signaling pathways. Moreover, PTPs are dysregulated and involved in various cellular processes in numerous cancers, including HCC. Kinases and phosphatases are coordinators that modulate cell activities and regulate signaling responses. There are multiple interacting signaling networks, and coordination of these signaling networks in response to a stimulus determines the physiological outcome. Numerous issues, such as drug resistance and inflammatory reactions in the tumor microenvironment, are implicated in cancer progression, and the role of PTPs in these processes has not been well elucidated. Therefore, the present review focused on discussing the relationship of PTPs with inflammatory cytokines and chemotherapy/targeted drug resistance, providing detailed information on how PTPs can modulate inflammatory reactions and drug resistance to influence progression in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Li Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ching-Chuan Hsieh
- Division of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pei-Ming Chu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jing-Yi Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, I‑Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chun Huang
- Aging and Diseases Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Cheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jiang Z, Dai C. Potential Treatment Strategies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Sensitization to Sorafenib. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:257-266. [PMID: 36815094 PMCID: PMC9939808 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s396231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is highly malignant, has a low sensitivity to chemotherapy, and is associated with poor patient prognosis. The last 3 years have seen the emergence of promising targeted therapies for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). For over 10 years, before the discovery of lenvatinib, sorafenib was only first-line therapeutic agent available for the treatment of advanced HCC. However, several clinical studies have shown that a considerable proportion liver cancer patients are insensitive to sorafenib. Very few patients actually substantially benefit from treatment with sorafenib, and the overall efficacy of the drug has not been satisfactory; therefore, sorafenib has attracted considerable research attention. This study, which is based on previous studies and reports, reviews the potential mechanisms underlying sorafenib resistance and summarizes combination therapies and potential drugs that can be used to sensitize HCC cells to sorafenib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaoliu Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Chaoliu Dai, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China, Email
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Targeting protein phosphatases in cancer immunotherapy and autoimmune disorders. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2023; 22:273-294. [PMID: 36693907 PMCID: PMC9872771 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00618-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphatases act as key regulators of multiple important cellular processes and are attractive therapeutic targets for various diseases. Although extensive effort has been dedicated to phosphatase-targeted drug discovery, early expeditions for competitive phosphatase inhibitors were plagued by druggability issues, leading to the stigmatization of phosphatases as difficult targets. Despite challenges, persistent efforts have led to the identification of several drug-like, non-competitive modulators of some of these enzymes - including SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase and protein phosphatase 1 - reigniting interest in therapeutic targeting of phosphatases. Here, we discuss recent progress in phosphatase drug discovery, with emphasis on the development of selective modulators that exhibit biological activity. The roles and regulation of protein phosphatases in immune cells and their potential as powerful targets for immuno-oncology and autoimmunity indications are assessed.
Collapse
|
11
|
Xu L, Mu X, Liu M, Wang Z, Shen C, Mu Q, Feng B, Xu Y, Hou T, Gao L, Jiang H, Li J, Zhou Y, Wang W. Novel thieno[2,3-b]quinoline-procaine hybrid molecules: A new class of allosteric SHP-1 activators evolved from PTP1B inhibitors. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
12
|
SHP-1/STAT3-Signaling-Axis-Regulated Coupling between BECN1 and SLC7A11 Contributes to Sorafenib-Induced Ferroptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911092. [PMID: 36232407 PMCID: PMC9570040 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of iron-dependent cell death pertaining to an excess of lipid peroxidation. It has been suggested that sorafenib—an anti-angiogenic medication for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)—induces ferroptosis, but the underlying mechanism for this remains largely unknown. We employed siRNA-mediated gene silencing to investigate the role of Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1), following sorafenib treatment, in cystine/glutamate-antiporter-system-Xc−-regulated cystine uptake. Co-immunoprecipitation was also performed to examine the interactions between MCL1, beclin 1 (BECN1), and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), which functions as the catalytic subunit of system Xc−. The results of this study showed that sorafenib enhanced the activity of SHP-1, dephosphorylated STAT3, downregulated the expression of MCL1 and, consequently, reduced the association between MCL1 and BECN1. In contrast, increased binding between BECN1 and SLC7A11 was observed following sorafenib treatment. The elevated interaction between BECN1 and SLC7A11 inhibited the activity of system Xc−, whereas BECN1 silencing restored cystine intake and protected cells from ferroptosis. Notably, ectopic expression of MCL1 uncoupled BECN1 from SLC7A11 and rescued cell viability by attenuating lipid peroxidation. The results revealed that ferroptosis could be induced in HCC via SHP-1/STAT3-mediated downregulation of MCL1 and subsequent inhibition of SLC7A11 by increased BECN1 binding.
Collapse
|
13
|
Guo PW, Huang HT, Ma J, Zuo Y, Huang D, He LL, Wan ZM, Chen C, Yang FF, You YW. Circular RNA-0007059 protects cell viability and reduces inflammation in a nephritis cell model by inhibiting microRNA-1278/SHP-1/STAT3 signaling. Mol Med 2021; 27:113. [PMID: 34535085 PMCID: PMC8447523 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00372-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence has indicated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a role in various diseases. However, the influence of circRNAs in nephritis remains unknown. Methods Microarray analysis and RT-qPCR were used to detect the expression of circRNA. Type I IFN were administrated to RMC and HEK293 cells to establish a nephritis cell model. CCK-8, MTT assay, and flow cytometry were used to assess cell proliferation, viability, and apoptosis of cells. Bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase reporter assay detect the interaction of circ_0007059, miRNA-1278, and SHP-1. Glomerulonephritis was performed in a mouse model by administration of IFNα-expressing adenovirus. IHC staining showed the pathogenic changes. Results In the present study, the expression of circ_0007059 in type I interferon (IFN)-treated renal mesangial cells (RMCs), lupus nephritis (LN) specimens, and HEK293 cells was downregulated compared with that in normal healthy samples and untreated cells. Circ_0007059 overexpression resulted in increased cell proliferation, cell viability, apoptosis, and inflammation-associated factors (CXCL10, IFIT1, ISG15, and MX1) in RMCs and HEK293 cells. In addition, circ_0007059 overexpression significantly restored cell proliferation and viability and inhibited IFN-induced apoptosis. Further, the increased expression resulted in reduced inflammation and the downregulation of CXCL10, IFIT1, ISG15, and MX1 in RMCs and HEK293 cells. Circ_0007059 serves as a sponge for miR-1278 so that the latter can target the 3′-untranslated region of SHP-1. Overexpressed circ_0007059 inhibited miR-1278 expression and elevated SHP-1 expression, subsequently reducing STAT3 phosphorylation. Meanwhile, miR-1278 was upregulated and SHP-1 was downregulated in LN samples and IFN-treated cells. The restoration of miR-1278 counteracted the effect of circ_0007059 on viability, apoptosis, and inflammation as well as on SHP-1/STAT3 signaling in RMCs and HEK293 cells. We also investigated the role of SHP-1 overexpression in IFN-treated RMCs and HEK293 cells; SHP-1 overexpression resulted in a similar phenotype as that observed with circ_0007059 expression. Conclusions The study indicates that circ_0007059 protects RMCs against apoptosis and inflammation during nephritis by attenuating miR-1278/SHP-1/STAT3 signaling. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-021-00372-6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Wei Guo
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Hai-Ting Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yao Zuo
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Lin-Lin He
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zi-Ming Wan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road 1, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Fa-Fen Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Yan-Wu You
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Varone A, Amoruso C, Monti M, Patheja M, Greco A, Auletta L, Zannetti A, Corda D. The phosphatase Shp1 interacts with and dephosphorylates cortactin to inhibit invadopodia function. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:64. [PMID: 34088320 PMCID: PMC8176763 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00747-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invadopodia are actin-based cell-membrane protrusions associated with the extracellular matrix degradation accompanying cancer invasion. The elucidation of the molecular mechanisms leading to invadopodia formation and activity is central for the prevention of tumor spreading and growth. Protein tyrosine kinases such as Src are known to regulate invadopodia assembly, little is however known on the role of protein tyrosine phosphatases in this process. Among these enzymes, we have selected the tyrosine phosphatase Shp1 to investigate its potential role in invadopodia assembly, due to its involvement in cancer development. METHODS Co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence studies were employed to identify novel substrate/s of Shp1AQ controlling invadopodia activity. The phosphorylation level of cortactin, the Shp1 substrate identified in this study, was assessed by immunoprecipitation, in vitro phosphatase and western blot assays. Short interference RNA and a catalytically-dead mutant of Shp1 expressed in A375MM melanoma cells were used to evaluate the role of the specific Shp1-mediated dephosphorylation of cortactin. The anti-invasive proprieties of glycerophosphoinositol, that directly binds and regulates Shp1, were investigated by extracellular matrix degradation assays and in vivo mouse model of metastasis. RESULTS The data show that Shp1 was recruited to invadopodia and promoted the dephosphorylation of cortactin at tyrosine 421, leading to an attenuated capacity of melanoma cancer cells to degrade the extracellular matrix. Controls included the use of short interference RNA and catalytically-dead mutant that prevented the dephosphorylation of cortactin and hence the decrease the extracellular matrix degradation by melanoma cells. In addition, the phosphoinositide metabolite glycerophosphoinositol facilitated the localization of Shp1 at invadopodia hence promoting cortactin dephosphorylation. This impaired invadopodia function and tumor dissemination both in vitro and in an in vivo model of melanomas. CONCLUSION The main finding here reported is that cortactin is a specific substrate of the tyrosine phosphatase Shp1 and that its phosphorylation/dephosphorylation affects invadopodia formation and, as a consequence, the ability of melanoma cells to invade the extracellular matrix. Shp1 can thus be considered as a regulator of melanoma cell invasiveness and a potential target for antimetastatic drugs. Video abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Varone
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Amoruso
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marcello Monti
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Manpreet Patheja
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Adelaide Greco
- Interdipartimental Center of Veterinary Radiology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Via Tommaso De Amicis 95, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Auletta
- IRCCS SDN, Via Emanuele Gianturco 113, 80142 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Zannetti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Via Tommaso De Amicis 95, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Corda
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Research Council, Piazzale Aldo Moro 7, 00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hu Y, Liu F, Jia X, Wang P, Gu T, Liu H, Liu T, Wei H, Chen H, Zhao J, Yang R, Chen Y, Dong Z, Liu K. Periplogenin suppresses the growth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo by targeting STAT3. Oncogene 2021; 40:3942-3958. [PMID: 33986510 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01817-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mortality rate of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is higher than that of other cancers worldwide owing to a lack of therapeutic targets and related drugs. This study aimed to find new drugs by targeting an efficacious therapeutic target in ESCC patients. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is hyperactive in ESCC. Herein, we identified a novel STAT3 inhibitor, periplogenin, which strongly inhibited phosphorylation of STAT3 at Tyr705. Docking models and pull-down assays revealed that periplogenin bound directly and specifically to STAT3, leading to significant suppression of subsequent dimerization, nuclear import, and transcription activities. In addition, STAT3 knockdown cell lines were insensitive to periplogenin, whereas in contrast, STAT3-overexpressing cells were more sensitive to periplogenin, indicating that STAT3 was a target of periplogenin. Intraperitoneally administered periplogenin exhibited efficacious therapeutic effects in ESCC patient-derived xenograft models and dramatically impaired the phosphorylation of STAT3 and expression levels of STAT3-mediated downstream genes. Thus, our study demonstrated that periplogenin acted as a new STAT3 inhibitor, suppressing the growth of ESCC in vitro and in vivo, providing a basis for its potential application in ESCC treatment and prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Xuechao Jia
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Penglei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Tingxuan Gu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Huifang Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Hanyong Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN55912, USA
| | - Jiuzhou Zhao
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Ran Yang
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Zigang Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China. .,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China. .,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China. .,Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. .,Cancer chemoprevention international collaboration laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kanegasaki S, Tsuchiya T. A possible way to prevent the progression of bone lesions in multiple myeloma via Src-homology-region-2-domain-containing-phosphatase-1 activation. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:1313-1325. [PMID: 33969922 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of our recent findings, in which multiple receptor-mediated mast cell functions are regulated via a common signaling cascade, we posit that the formation and functioning of osteoclasts are also controlled by a similar common mechanism. These cells are derived from the same granulocyte/monocyte progenitors and share multiple receptors except those that are cell-specific. In both types of cells, all known receptors reside in lipid rafts, form multiprotein complexes with recruited signaling molecules, and are internalized upon receptor engagement. Signal transduction proceeds in a chain of protein phosphorylations, where adaptor protein LAT (linker-for-activation-of-T-cells) plays a central role. The key kinase that associates LAT phosphorylation and lipid raft internalization is Syk (spleen-tyrosine-kinase) and/or an Src-family-kinase, most probably Lck (lymphocyte-specific-protein-tyrosine-kinase). Dephosphorylation of phosphorylated Syk and Lck by activated SHP-1 (Src-homology-region-2-domain-containing-phosphatase-1) terminates the signal transduction and endocytosis of receptors, resulting in inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and other functions. In malignant plasma cells (MM cells) too, SHP-1 plays a similar indispensable role in controlling signal transduction required for survival and proliferation, though BLNK (B-cell-linker-protein), a functional equivalent of LAT and SLP-76 (SH2-domain-containing-leukocyte-protein-of-76-kDa) in B cells, is used instead of LAT. In both osteoclasts and MM cells, therefore, activated SHP-1 acts negatively in receptor-mediated cellular functions. In osteoblasts, however, activated SHP-1 promotes differentiation, osteocalcin generation, and mineralization by preventing both downregulation of transcription factors, such as Ostrix and Runx2, and degradation of β-catenin required for activation of the transcription factors. SHP-1 is activated by tyrosine phosphorylation and micromolar doses (M-dose) of CCRI-ligand-induced SHP-1 activation. Small molecular compounds, such as A770041, Sorafenib, Nitedanib, and Dovitinib, relieve the autoinhibitory conformation. Activation of SHP-1 by M-dose CCRI ligands or the compounds described may prevent the progression of bone lesions in MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Kanegasaki
- Department of Lipid Signaling, Research Institute National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Tsuchiya
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Research Institute National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Varone A, Spano D, Corda D. Shp1 in Solid Cancers and Their Therapy. Front Oncol 2020; 10:935. [PMID: 32596156 PMCID: PMC7300250 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Shp1 is a cytosolic tyrosine phosphatase that regulates a broad range of cellular functions and targets, modulating the flow of information from the cell membrane to the nucleus. While initially studied in the hematopoietic system, research conducted over the past years has expanded our understanding of the biological role of Shp1 to other tissues, proposing it as a novel tumor suppressor gene functionally involved in different hallmarks of cancer. The main mechanism by which Shp1 curbs cancer development and progression is the ability to attenuate and/or terminate signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion. Thus, alterations in Shp1 function or expression can contribute to several human diseases, particularly cancer. In cancer cells, Shp1 activity can indeed be affected by mutations or epigenetic silencing that cause failure of Shp1-mediated homeostatic maintenance. This review will discuss the current knowledge of the cellular functions controlled by Shp1 in non-hematopoietic tissues and solid tumors, the mechanisms that regulate Shp1 expression, the role of its mutation/expression status in cancer and its value as potential target for cancer treatment. In addition, we report information gathered from the public available data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database on Shp1 genomic alterations and correlation with survival in solid cancers patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Varone
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Spano
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Corda
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang H, Tan YP, Zhao L, Wang L, Fu NJ, Zheng SP, Shen XF. Anticancer activity of dietary xanthone α-mangostin against hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibition of STAT3 signaling via stabilization of SHP1. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:63. [PMID: 31980595 PMCID: PMC6981176 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2227-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal human cancers worldwide. The dietary xanthone α-mangostin (α-MGT) exhibits potent anti-tumor effects in vitro and in vivo. However, the anti-HCC effects of α-MGT and their underlying mechanisms are still vague. Aberrant activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is involved in the progression of HCC. We therefore investigated whether α-MGT inhibited the activation of STAT3 and thereby exhibits its anti-HCC effects. In this study, we found that α-MGT significantly suppressed cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest, and triggered apoptosis in HCC cells, including HepG2, SK-Hep-1, Huh7, and SMMC-7721 cells in vitro, as well as inhibiting tumor growth in nude mice bearing HepG2 or SK-Hep-1 xenografts. Furthermore, α-MGT potently inhibited the constitutive and inducible activation of STAT3 in HCC cells. In addition, α-MGT also suppressed IL-6-induced dimerization and nuclear translocation of STAT3, which led to inhibition of the expression of STAT3-regulated genes at both mRNA and protein levels. Mechanistically, α-MGT exhibited effective inhibition of the activation of STAT3’s upstream kinases, including JAK2, Src, ERK, and Akt. Importantly, α-MGT increased the protein level of Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP1), which is a key negative regulator of the STAT3 signaling pathway. Furthermore, α-MGT enhanced the stabilization of SHP1 by inhibiting its degradation mediated by the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. Knockdown of SHP1 using siRNA obviously prevented the α-MGT-mediated inhibition of the activation of STAT3 and proliferation of HCC cells. In summary, α-MGT exhibited a potent anti-HCC effect by blocking the STAT3 signaling pathway via the suppression of the degradation of SHP1 induced by the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. These findings also suggested the potential of dietary derived α-MGT in HCC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Ping Tan
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Ministry of Education), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Ministry of Education), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lun Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Nai-Jie Fu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Song-Ping Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Ministry of Education), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Saraswati S, Alhaider A, Abdelgadir AM, Tanwer P, Korashy HM. Phloretin attenuates STAT-3 activity and overcomes sorafenib resistance targeting SHP-1-mediated inhibition of STAT3 and Akt/VEGFR2 pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:127. [PMID: 31619257 PMCID: PMC6794763 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0430-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy. Phloretin (PH) possesses anticancer, antitumor, and hepatoprotective effects, however, the effects and potential mechanisms of phloretin remain elusive. Methods Five HCC cells were tested in vitro for sensitivity to PH, Sorafenib (Sor) or both and the apoptosis, signal transduction and phosphatase activity were analyzed. To validate the role of SHP-1, we used PTP inhibitor III and SHP-1 siRNA. Further, we used purified SHP-1 proteins or HCC cells expressing deletion N-SH2 domain or D61A point mutants to study the PH efficacy on SHP-1. The `in vivo studies were conducted using HepG2 and SK-Hep1 and Sor resistant HepG2SR and Huh7SR xenografts. Molecular docking was done with Swiss dock and Auto Dock Vina. Results PH inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in all HCC cells by upregulating SHP-1 expression and downregulating STAT3 expression and further inhibited pAKT/pERK signaling. PH activated SHP-1 by disruption of autoinhibition of SHP-1, leading to reduced p-STAT3Tyr705 level. PH induced apoptosis in two Sor-resistant cell lines and overcome STAT3, AKT, MAPK and VEGFR2 dependent Sor resistance in HCCs. PH potently inhibited tumor growth in both Sor-sensitive and Sor-resistant xenografts in vivo by impairing angiogenesis, cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis via targeting the SHP-1/STAT3 signaling pathway. Conclusion Our data suggest that PH inhibits STAT3 activity in Sor-sensitive and -resistant HCCs via SHP-1–mediated inhibition of STAT3 and AKT/mTOR/JAK2/VEGFR2 pathway. Our results clearly indicate that PH may be a potent reagent for hepatocellular carcinoma and a noveltargeted therapy for further clinical investigations. Graphical abstract ![]()
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-019-0430-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Saraswati
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, College of Medicine,
- King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulqader Alhaider
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, College of Medicine,
- King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelgalil Mohamed Abdelgadir
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Pooja Tanwer
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas-New Delhi, India
| | - Hesham M Korashy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang Y, Chen F, Xiao X, Pan W, Yuan Q, Cao J. Chrysin inhibits sphere formation in SMMC-7721 cells via modulation of SHP-1/STAT3 signaling pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:2977-2985. [PMID: 31114345 PMCID: PMC6497861 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s193647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chrysin is a natural flavonoid which has been identified as a candidate anti-cancer agent due to its inhibitory effect on a variety of cancer cells, including targeted inhibition of sphere formation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. However, the mechanism by which chrysin modulates HCC spheres remains unclear. Materials and methods: In this study, we investigate the effect of chrysin on the regulation of SHP-1 and its downstream signal molecule STAT3 to explain the mechanism by which chrysin inhibits sphere formation of HCC cell lines. Results: Here, we found that SHP-1 protein expression was markedly down-regulated in the spheres from both SMMC-7721 and MHCC97H cells. Chrysin significantly inhibited sphere formation and upregulated the expression of SHP-1 protein in both SMMC-7721 and MHCC97H cells, as well as reduced p-STAT3 and Twist1 expressions in SMMC-7721 cells. Furthermore, knockdown of SHP-1 in SMMC-7721 cells resulted in the induction of p-STAT3 and Twist1 protein expression and antagonizing the inhibitory effect of chrysin on sphere formation in SMMC-7721 cells. Conclusion: Overall, the study findings demonstrated that chrysin acts as a candidate for the treatment of HCC through modulating SHP-1/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Food and Drug Vocational College, Changsha, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghua Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Weinan Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Food and Drug Vocational College, Changsha, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Huynh J, Chand A, Gough D, Ernst M. Therapeutically exploiting STAT3 activity in cancer - using tissue repair as a road map. Nat Rev Cancer 2019; 19:82-96. [PMID: 30578415 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-018-0090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The tightly orchestrated temporal and spatial control of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activity in epithelial, immune and stromal cells is critical for wound healing and tissue repair. Excessive STAT3 activation within cancer cells and cells of the tumour microenvironment can be viewed as a neoplastic mimic of an inflammation-driven repair response that collectively promotes tumour progression. In addition to the canonical transcriptional pathways by which STAT3 promotes stem cell-like characteristics, survival, proliferation, metastatic potential and immune evasion, cytoplasmic STAT3 activity fuels tumour growth by metabolic and other non-transcriptional mechanisms. Here, we review the tumour-modulating activities of STAT3 in light of its role as a signalling node integrating inflammatory responses during wound healing. Accordingly, many of the cytokines that contribute to the para-inflammatory state of most solid malignancies converge on and underpin dysregulated STAT3 activity. Targeting of these cytokines, their cognate receptors and associated signalling cascades in clinical trials is beginning to demonstrate therapeutic efficacy, given that interference with STAT3 activity is likely to simultaneously curb the growth of cancer cells and augment antitumour immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Huynh
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ashwini Chand
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel Gough
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Obesity-Induced TNFα and IL-6 Signaling: The Missing Link between Obesity and Inflammation-Driven Liver and Colorectal Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 11:cancers11010024. [PMID: 30591653 PMCID: PMC6356226 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity promotes the development of numerous cancers, such as liver and colorectal cancers, which is at least partly due to obesity-induced, chronic, low-grade inflammation. In particular, the recruitment and activation of immune cell subsets in the white adipose tissue systemically increase proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). These proinflammatory cytokines not only impair insulin action in metabolic tissues, but also favor cancer development. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on how obesity affects inflammatory TNFα and IL-6 signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancers.
Collapse
|
23
|
Wen LZ, Ding K, Wang ZR, Ding CH, Lei SJ, Liu JP, Yin C, Hu PF, Ding J, Chen WS, Zhang X, Xie WF. SHP-1 Acts as a Tumor Suppressor in Hepatocarcinogenesis and HCC Progression. Cancer Res 2018; 78:4680-4691. [PMID: 29776962 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-3896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Src homology region 2 (SH2) domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP-1, also known as PTPN6) is a nonreceptor protein tyrosine phosphatase that acts as a negative regulator of inflammation. Emerging evidence indicates that SHP-1 plays a role in inhibiting the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the role of SHP-1 in hepatocarcinogenesis remains unknown. Here, we find that levels of SHP-1 are significantly downregulated in human HCC tissues compared with those in noncancerous tissues (P < 0.001) and inversely correlate with tumor diameters (r = -0.4130, P = 0.0002) and serum α-fetoprotein levels (P = 0.047). Reduced SHP-1 expression was associated with shorter overall survival of patients with HCC with HBV infection. Overexpression of SHP-1 suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenicity of HCC cells, whereas knockdown of SHP-1 enhanced the malignant phenotype. Moreover, knockout of Ptpn6 in hepatocytes (Ptpn6HKO ) enhanced hepatocarcinogenesis induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) as well as metastasis of primary liver cancer in mice. Furthermore, systemic delivery of SHP-1 by an adenovirus expression vector exerted a therapeutic effect in an orthotopic model of HCC in NOD/SCID mice and DEN-induced primary liver cancers in Ptpn6HKO mice. In addition, SHP-1 inhibited the activation of JAK/STAT, NF-κB, and AKT signaling pathways, but not the MAPK pathway in primary hepatocytes from DEN-treated mice and human HCC cells. Together, our data implicate SHP-1 as a tumor suppressor of hepatocarcinogenesis and HCC progression and propose it as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target of HCC.Significance: The nonreceptor protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 acts as a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res; 78(16); 4680-91. ©2018 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Zhi Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze-Rui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen-Hong Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Juan Lei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Pei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping-Fang Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Ding
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction of Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Fen Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Two novel SHP-1 agonists, SC-43 and SC-78, are more potent than regorafenib in suppressing the in vitro stemness of human colorectal cancer cells. Cell Death Discov 2018; 4:25. [PMID: 30109144 PMCID: PMC6089896 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-018-0084-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been shown to play a critical role in the maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Hence, the inhibition of STAT3 signaling has been suggested to be a viable therapeutic approach for cancers. Moreover, the efficacy of combinations of chemotherapeutic drugs and napabucasin, a small-molecule STAT3 inhibitor, have been assessed in various clinical trials, including those involving patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Two recently developed small-molecule STAT3 inhibitors, SC-43 and SC-78, which can stimulate SHP-1 to inactivate STAT3, were found to have anti-tumor activity. In this study, the inhibitory effects of SC-43, SC-78, and regorafenib (a reference drug) on cell viability, STAT3 phosphorylation, and various stemness properties [e.g., sphere-forming and soft agar colony-forming abilities, CD133+/CD44+ (stem cell-like) subpopulations, and the expression of several CSC markers] were examined for both HCT-116 and HT-29 human CRC cells. We found that SC-43 and SC-78 but not regorafenib inhibited constitutive and IL-6-induced STAT3 phosphorylation in HCT-116 and HT-29 cells, respectively. Moreover, SC-43 and SC-78 were more potent than regorafenib in suppressing the stemness properties (except stem cell-like subpopulations) of these cells. As expected, SHP-1 knockdown almost completely abolished the suppressive effects of SC-43 and SC-78 on the sphere formation in both cell lines. Furthermore, SC-43 and SC-78 showed synergistic inhibitory effects with oxaliplatin and/or irinotecan on sphere formation. Overall, our results suggest that SC-43 and SC-78 are potent STAT3 inhibitors that may potentially be used in combination therapy for CRC.
Collapse
|
25
|
Shu G, Hao J, Li W, Zhang L, Qiu Y, Yang X. Liensinine suppresses STAT3-dependent HK2 expression through elevating SHP-1 to induce apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
|
26
|
Huang Y, Zhang Y, Ge L, Lin Y, Kwok HF. The Roles of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10030082. [PMID: 29558404 PMCID: PMC5876657 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10030082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family is involved in multiple cellular functions and plays an important role in various pathological and physiological processes. In many chronic diseases, for example cancer, PTP is a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In the last two decades, dozens of PTP inhibitors which specifically target individual PTP molecules were developed as therapeutic agents. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors and is the second most lethal cancer worldwide due to a lack of effective therapies. Recent studies have unveiled both oncogenic and tumor suppressive functions of PTP in HCC. Here, we review the current knowledge on the involvement of PTP in HCC and further discuss the possibility of targeting PTP in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yide Huang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China.
| | - Yafei Zhang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Lilin Ge
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yao Lin
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu LZ, He YZ, Dong PP, Ma LJ, Wang ZC, Liu XY, Duan M, Yang LX, Shi JY, Zhou J, Fan J, Gao Q, Wang XY. Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP4A1 promotes proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma via the PI3K/AKT pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 7:75210-75220. [PMID: 27655691 PMCID: PMC5342735 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP4A1 is a key molecule that activates tyrosine phosphorylation, which is important for cancer progression and metastasis. However, the clinical implications and biological function of PTP4A1 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remains unknown. Here, we showed that PTP4A1 was frequently overexpressed in ICC versus adjacent non-tumor tissues. This overexpression significantly correlated with aggressive tumor characteristics like the presence of lymph node metastasis and advanced tumor stages. Survival analysis further indicated that high PTP4A1 expression was significantly and independently associated with worse survival and increased recurrence in ICC patients. Moreover, through forced overexpression and knock-down of PTPT4A1, we demonstrated that PTP4A1 could significantly promote ICC cells proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion in vitro, and markedly enhance tumor progression in vivo. Mechanistically, PTP4A1 was involved in PI3K/AKT signaling and its downstream molecules, such as phosphorylation level of GSK3β and up-regulation of CyclinD1, in ICC cells to promote proliferation. Importantly, PTP4A1 induced ICC cells invasion was through activating PI3K/AKT signaling controlled epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process by up-regulating Zeb1 and Snail. Thus, PTP4A1 may serve as a potential oncogene that was a valuable prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ICC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long-Zi Liu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Zhou He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R, China
| | - Ping-Ping Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Li-Jie Ma
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Chao Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Meng Duan
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Liu-Xiao Yang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jie-Yi Shi
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jia Fan
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ying Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kim SH, Yoo HS, Joo MK, Kim T, Park JJ, Lee BJ, Chun HJ, Lee SW, Bak YT. Arsenic trioxide attenuates STAT-3 activity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition through induction of SHP-1 in gastric cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:150. [PMID: 29409467 PMCID: PMC5801683 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4071-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the effect of arsenic trioxide (ATO) for inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in gastric cancer cells, and the role of SH2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) during this process. METHODS We used AGS cells, which showed minimal SHP-1 expression and constitutive STAT3 expression. After treatment of ATO, cellular migration and invasion were assessed by using wound closure assay, Matrigel invasion assay and 3-D culture invasion assay. To validate the role of SHP-1, pervanadate, a pharmacologic phosphatase inhibitor, and SHP-1 siRNA were used. Xenograft tumors were produced, and ATO or pervanadate were administered via intraperitoneal (IP) route. RESULTS Treatment of ATO 5 and 10 μM significantly decreased cellular migration and invasion in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot showed that ATO upregulated SHP-1 expression and downregulated STAT3 expression, and immunofluorescence showed upregulation with E-cadherin (epithelial marker) and downregulation of Snail1 (mesenchymal marker) expression by ATO treatment. Anti-migration and invasion effect and modulation of SHP-1/STAT3 axis by ATO were attenuated by pervanadate or SHP-1 siRNA. IP injection of ATO significantly decreased the xenograft tumor volume and upregulated SHP-1 expression, which were attenuated by co-IP injection of pervanadate. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that ATO inhibits STAT3 activity and EMT process by upregulation of SHP-1 in gastric cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ho Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Soon Yoo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Kyung Joo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, Republic of Korea.
| | - Taehyun Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Jae Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Jae Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Jai Chun
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Anam Hospital, 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 425-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Tae Bak
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fan LC, Teng HW, Shiau CW, Tai WT, Hung MH, Yang SH, Jiang JK, Chen KF. Regorafenib (Stivarga) pharmacologically targets epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:64136-64147. [PMID: 27580057 PMCID: PMC5325431 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is well-known to evoke cancer invasion/metastasis, leading to a high frequency of mortality in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase)-targeted therapy has been identified as a novel cancer therapeutic. Previously, we proved that sorafenib with anti-EMT potency prevents TGF-β1-induced EMT/invasion by directly activating SH2-domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP-1)-dependent p-STAT3Tyr705 suppression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Regorafenib has a closely related chemical structure as sorafenib and is approved for the pharmacotherapy of mCRC. Herein, we evaluate whether regorafenib activates PTPase SHP-1 in the same way as sorafenib to abolish EMT-related invasion/metastasis in CRC. Notably, regorafenib exerted potent anti-EMT activity to curb TGF-β1-induced EMT/invasion in vitro as well inhibited lung metastatic outgrowth of SW480 mesenchymal cells in vivo. Mechanistically, regorafenib-enhanced SHP-1 activity significantly impeded TGF-β1-induced EMT/invasion via low p-STAT3Tyr705 level as proved by a SHP-1 inhibitor or siRNA-mediated SHP-1 depletion. Conversely, overexpression of SHP-1 further enhanced the inhibitory effects of regorafenib on TGF-β1-induced p-STAT3Tyr705 and EMT/invasion. Regorafenib directly activates SHP-1 by potently relieving the autoinhibited N-SH2 domain of SHP-1 to inhibit TGF-β1-induced p-STAT3Tyr705 and EMT/invasion. Importantly, the clinical evidence indicated that SHP-1 was positively correlated with E-cadherin and that significantly determined the overall survival of CRC patients. This result further confirms our in vitro data that SHP-1 is a negative regulatory PTPase in EMT regulation and serves as a pharmacological target for mCRC therapy. Collectively, activating PTPase SHP-1 by regorafenib focusing on its anti-EMT activity might be a useful pharmacotherapy for mCRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ching Fan
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wei Teng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wai Shiau
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tien Tai
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Man-Hsin Hung
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shung-Haur Yang
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Kai Jiang
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Meeusen B, Janssens V. Tumor suppressive protein phosphatases in human cancer: Emerging targets for therapeutic intervention and tumor stratification. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 96:98-134. [PMID: 29031806 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant protein phosphorylation is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells, and in many cases a prerequisite to sustain tumor development and progression. Like protein kinases, protein phosphatases are key regulators of cell signaling. However, their contribution to aberrant signaling in cancer cells is overall less well appreciated, and therefore, their clinical potential remains largely unexploited. In this review, we provide an overview of tumor suppressive protein phosphatases in human cancer. Along their mechanisms of inactivation in defined cancer contexts, we give an overview of their functional roles in diverse signaling pathways that contribute to their tumor suppressive abilities. Finally, we discuss their emerging roles as predictive or prognostic markers, their potential as synthetic lethality targets, and the current feasibility of their reactivation with pharmacologic compounds as promising new cancer therapies. We conclude that their inclusion in clinical practice has obvious potential to significantly improve therapeutic outcome in various ways, and should now definitely be pushed forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bob Meeusen
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation & Proteomics, Dept. of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle Janssens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation & Proteomics, Dept. of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Small molecule targeting of PTPs in cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 96:171-181. [PMID: 28943273 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) undeniably have a central role in the development and progression of human cancers. Historically, however, PTPs have not been viewed as privileged drug targets, and progress on identifying potent, selective, and cell-active small molecule PTP inhibitors has suffered accordingly. This situation is rapidly changing, however, due to biochemical advances in the study of PTPs and recent small molecule screening campaigns, which have identified potent and mechanistically diverse lead structures. These compounds are facilitating the exploration of the fundamental cellular processes controlled by PTPs in cancers, and could form the inflection point for new therapeutic paradigms for the treatment of a range of cancers. Herein, we review recent advances in the discovery and biological annotation of cancer-relevant small molecule PTP inhibitors.
Collapse
|
32
|
Abram CL, Lowell CA. Shp1 function in myeloid cells. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 102:657-675. [PMID: 28606940 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.2mr0317-105r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The motheaten mouse was first described in 1975 as a model of systemic inflammation and autoimmunity, as a result of immune system dysregulation. The phenotype was later ascribed to mutations in the cytoplasmic tyrosine phosphatase Shp1. This phosphatase is expressed widely throughout the hematopoietic system and has been shown to impact a multitude of cell signaling pathways. The determination of which cell types contribute to the different aspects of the phenotype caused by global Shp1 loss or mutation and which pathways within these cell types are regulated by Shp1 is important to further our understanding of immune system regulation. In this review, we focus on the role of Shp1 in myeloid cells and how its dysregulation affects immune function, which can impact human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clare L Abram
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Immunology Program, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Clifford A Lowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Immunology Program, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ziogas IA, Tsoulfas G. Evolving role of Sorafenib in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Clin Oncol 2017; 8:203-213. [PMID: 28638790 PMCID: PMC5465010 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v8.i3.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant diseases worldwide and comes third in cancer-related mortality. Although there is a broad spectrum of treatment options to choose from, only a few patients are eligible candidates to receive a curative therapy according to their stage of disease, and thus palliative treatment is implemented in the majority of the patients suffering from liver cancer. Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor, is the only currently approved agent for systemic therapy in patients with advanced stage HCC and early stage liver disease. It has been shown to improve the overall survival, but with various side effects, while its cost is not negligible. Sorafenib has been in the market for a decade and has set the stage for personalized targeted therapy. Its role during this time has ranged from monotherapy to neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment with surgical resection, liver transplantation and chemoembolization or even in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents. In this review our aim is to highlight in depth the current position of Sorafenib in the armamentarium against HCC and how that has evolved over time in its use either as a single agent or in combination with other therapies.
Collapse
|
34
|
Alteration of SHP-1/p-STAT3 Signaling: A Potential Target for Anticancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061234. [PMID: 28594363 PMCID: PMC5486057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP-1), a non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase, has been reported as a negative regulator of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and linked to tumor development. In this present review, we will discuss the importance and function of SHP-1/p-STAT3 signaling in nonmalignant conditions as well as malignancies, its cross-talk with other pathways, the current clinical development and the potential role of inhibitors of this pathway in anticancer therapy and clinical relevance of SHP-1/p-STAT3 in cancers. Lastly, we will summarize and highlight work involving novel drugs/compounds targeting SHP-1/p-STAT3 signaling and combined strategies that were/are discovered in our and our colleagues’ laboratories.
Collapse
|
35
|
Liu CY, Chen KF, Chao TI, Chu PY, Huang CT, Huang TT, Yang HP, Wang WL, Lee CH, Lau KY, Tsai WC, Su JC, Wu CY, Chen MH, Shiau CW, Tseng LM. Sequential combination of docetaxel with a SHP-1 agonist enhanced suppression of p-STAT3 signaling and apoptosis in triple negative breast cancer cells. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:965-975. [PMID: 28578456 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1549-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive cancer for which prognosis remains poor. Combination therapy is a promising strategy for enhancing treatment efficacy. Blockade of STAT3 signaling may enhance the response of cancer cells to conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Here we used a SHP-1 agonist SC-43 to dephosphorylate STAT3 thereby suppressing oncogenic STAT3 signaling and tested it in combination with docetaxel in TNBC cells. We first analyzed messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of SHP-1 gene (PTPN6) in a public TNBC dataset (TCGA) and found that higher SHP-1 mRNA expression is associated with better overall survival in TNBC patients. Sequential combination of docetaxel and SC-43 in vitro showed enhanced anti-proliferation and apoptosis associated with decreased p-STAT3 and decreased STAT3-downstream effector cyclin D1 in the TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and HCC-1937. Ectopic expression of STAT3 reduced the increased cytotoxicity induced by the combination therapy. In addition, this sequential combination showed enhanced SHP-1 activity compared to SC-43 alone. Furthermore, the combination treatment-induced apoptosis was attenuated by small interfering RNA (siRNA) against SHP-1 or by ectopic expression of SHP-1 mutants that caused SC-43 to lose its SHP-1 agonist capability. Moreover, combination of docetaxel and SC-43 showed enhanced tumor growth inhibition compared to single-agent therapy in mice bearing MDA-MB-231 tumor xenografts. Our results suggest that the novel SHP-1 agonist SC-43 enhanced docetaxel-induced cytotoxicity by SHP-1 dependent STAT3 inhibition in human triple negative breast cancer cells. TNBC patients with high SHP-1 expressions show better survival. Docetaxel combined with SC-43 enhances cell apoptosis and reduces p-STAT3. SHP-1 inhibition reduces the enhanced effect of docetaxel-SC-43 combination. Docetaxel-SC-43 combination suppresses xenograft tumor growth and reduces p-STAT3. KEY MESSAGES TNBC patients with high SHP-1 expressions show better survival. Docetaxel combined with SC-43 enhances cell apoptosis and reduces p-STAT3. SHP-1 inhibition reduces the enhanced effect of docetaxel-SC-43 combination. Docetaxel-SC-43 combination suppresses xenograft tumor growth and reduces p-STAT3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Liu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1 Sec. 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-I Chao
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- Department of Pathology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, No. 542, Sec. 1, Chung-Shan Rd, Changhua City, 500, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 510, Zhong-zheng Rd., Xin-zhuang Dist, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Teng Huang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Yang-Ming Branch of Taipei City Hospital, No. 145, Zhengzhou Rd., Datong Dist, Taipei, 10341, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ting Huang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Ping Yang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Lun Wang
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Han Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Ka-Yi Lau
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Tsai
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chen Su
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yun Wu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huang Chen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wai Shiau
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ming Tseng
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Src-homology protein tyrosine phosphatase-1 agonist, SC-43, reduces liver fibrosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1728. [PMID: 28496142 PMCID: PMC5431996 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01572-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role of src-homology protein tyrosine phosphatase-1 (SHP-1)–signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway in liver fibrogenesis and the anti-fibrotic effect of SHP-1 agonist. The antifibrotic activity of SC-43, a sorafenib derivative with an enhanced SHP-1 activity, was evaluated in two fibrosis mouse models by carbon tetrachloride induction and bile duct ligation. Rat, human, and primary mouse hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were used for mechanistic investigations. The results showed that SHP-1 protein primarily localized in fibrotic areas of human and mouse livers. SC-43 treatment reduced the activated HSCs and thus effectively prevented and regressed liver fibrosis in both fibrosis mouse models and improved mouse survival. In vitro studies revealed that SC-43 promoted HSC apoptosis, increased the SHP-1 activity and inhibited phospho-STAT3. The enhanced SHP-1 activity in HSCs significantly inhibited HSC proliferation, whereas SHP-1 inhibition rescued SC-43-induced HSC apoptosis. Furthermore, SC-43 interacted with the N-SH2 domain of SHP-1 to enhance the activity of SHP-1 as its antifibrotic mechanism. In conclusion, the SHP-1–STAT3 pathway is crucial in fibrogenesis. SC-43 significantly ameliorates liver fibrosis through SHP-1 upregulation. A SHP-1-targeted antifibrotic therapy may represent a druggable strategy for antifibrotic drug discovery.
Collapse
|
37
|
Hu MH, Chen LJ, Chen YL, Tsai MS, Shiau CW, Chao TI, Liu CY, Kao JH, Chen KF. Targeting SHP-1-STAT3 signaling: A promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:65077-65089. [PMID: 29029413 PMCID: PMC5630313 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib is a multiple kinase inhibitor which targets Raf kinases, VEGFR, and PDGFR and is approved for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previously, we found that p-STAT3 is a major target of SC-43, a sorafenib derivative. In this study, we report that SC-43-induced apoptosis in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) via a novel mechanism. Three CCA cell lines (HuCCT-1, KKU-100 and CGCCA) were treated with SC-43 to determine their sensitivity to SC-43-induced cell death and apoptosis. We found that SC-43 activated SH2 domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) activity, leading to p-STAT3 and downstream cyclin B1 and Cdc2 downregulation, which induced G2-M arrest and apoptotic cell death. Importantly, SC-43 augmented SHP-1 activity by direct binding to N-SH2 and relief of its autoinhibition. Deletion of the N-SH2 domain (dN1) or point mutation (D61A) of SHP-1 counteracted the effect of SC-43-induced SHP-1 phosphatase activation and antiproliferation ability in CCA cells. In vivo assay revealed that SC-43 exhibited xenograft tumor growth inhibition, p-STAT3 reduction and SHP-1 activity elevation. In conclusion, SC-43 induced apoptosis in CCA cells through the SHP-1/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hung Hu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ju Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shen Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wai Shiau
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-I Chao
- Transplant Medicine and Surgery Research Centre, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Liu
- Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Horng Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Saidak Z, Giacobbi AS, Louandre C, Sauzay C, Mammeri Y, Galmiche A. Mathematical modelling unveils the essential role of cellular phosphatases in the inhibition of RAF-MEK-ERK signalling by sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Lett 2017; 392:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
39
|
Liu C, Su J, Huang T, Chu P, Huang C, Wang W, Lee C, Lau K, Tsai W, Yang H, Shiau C, Tseng L, Chen K. Sorafenib analogue SC-60 induces apoptosis through the SHP-1/STAT3 pathway and enhances docetaxel cytotoxicity in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:266-279. [PMID: 28084011 PMCID: PMC5527447 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recurrent triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) needs new therapeutic targets. Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) can act as a tumor suppressor by dephosphorylating oncogenic kinases. One major target of SHP-1 is STAT3, which is highly activated in TNBC. In this study, we tested a sorafenib analogue SC-60, which lacks angiokinase inhibition activity, but acts as a SHP-1 agonist, in TNBC cells. SC-60 inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis by dephosphorylating STAT3 in both a dose- and time-dependent manner in TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and HCC1937). By contrast, ectopic expression of STAT3 rescued the anticancer effect induced by SC-60. SC-60 also increased the SHP-1 activity, but this effect was inhibited when the N-SH2 domain (DN1) was deleted or with SHP-1 point mutation (D61A), implying that SHP-1 is the major target of SC-60 in TNBC. The use of SC-60 in combination with docetaxel synergized the anticancer effect induced by SC-60 through the SHP-1/STAT3 pathway in TNBC cells. Importantly, SC-60 also displayed a significant antitumor effect in an MDA-MB-468 xenograft model by modulating the SHP-1/STAT3 axis, indicating the anticancer potential of SC-60 in TNBC treatment. Targeting SHP-1/p-STAT3 and the potential combination of SHP-1 agonist with chemotherapeutic docetaxel is a feasible therapeutic strategy for TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Yu Liu
- Comprehensive Breast Health CenterTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaiwan
- Division of Medical OncologyDepartment of OncologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaiwan
- School of MedicineNational Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Jung‐Chen Su
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical SciencesNational Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical BiotechnologyNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Tzu‐Ting Huang
- Comprehensive Breast Health CenterTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaiwan
- Division of Medical OncologyDepartment of OncologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaiwan
| | - Pei‐Yi Chu
- Department of PathologyShow Chwan Memorial HospitalChanghuaTaiwan
- School of MedicineCollege of MedicineFu‐Jen Catholic UniversityXinzhuangNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Chun‐Teng Huang
- School of MedicineNational Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Division of Hematology & OncologyDepartment of MedicineYang‐Ming Branch of Taipei City HospitalTaiwan
| | - Wan‐Lun Wang
- Department of SurgeryTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaiwan
| | - Chia‐Han Lee
- Division of Medical OncologyDepartment of OncologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaiwan
| | - Ka‐Yi Lau
- Division of Medical OncologyDepartment of OncologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaiwan
| | - Wen‐Chun Tsai
- Division of Medical OncologyDepartment of OncologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaiwan
| | - Hsiu‐Ping Yang
- Division of Medical OncologyDepartment of OncologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaiwan
| | - Chung‐Wai Shiau
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical SciencesNational Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ling‐Ming Tseng
- Comprehensive Breast Health CenterTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaiwan
- School of MedicineNational Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of SurgeryTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaiwan
| | - Kuen‐Feng Chen
- Department of Medical ResearchNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Teng HW, Hung MH, Chen LJ, Chang MJ, Hsieh FS, Tsai MH, Huang JW, Lin CL, Tseng HW, Kuo ZK, Jiang JK, Yang SH, Shiau CW, Chen KF. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B targets PITX1/p120RasGAP thus showing therapeutic potential in colorectal carcinoma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35308. [PMID: 27752061 PMCID: PMC5082755 DOI: 10.1038/srep35308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is known to promote the pathogenesis of diabetes and obesity by negatively regulating insulin and leptin pathways, but its role associated with colon carcinogenesis is still under debate. In this study, we demonstrated the oncogenic role of PTP1B in promoting colon carcinogenesis and predicting worse clinical outcomes in CRC patients. By co-immunoprecipitation, we showed that PITX1 was a novel substrate of PTP1B. Through direct dephosphorylation at Y160, Y175 and Y179, PTP1B destabilized PITX1, which resulted in downregulation of the PITX1/p120RasGAP axis. Interestingly, we found that regorafenib, the approved target agent for advanced CRC patients, exerted a novel property against PTP1B. By inhibiting PTP1B activity, regorafenib treatment augmented the stability of PITX1 protein and upregulated the expression of p120RasGAP in CRC. Importantly, we found that this PTP1B-dependant PITX1/p120RasGAP axis determines the in vitro anti-CRC effects of regorafenib. The above-mentioned effects of regorafenib were confirmed by the HT-29 xenograft tumor model. In conclusion, we demonstrated a novel oncogenic mechanism of PTP1B on affecting PITX1/p120RasGAP in CRC. Regorafenib inhibited CRC survival through reserving PTP1B-dependant PITX1/p120RasGAP downregulation. PTP1B may be a potential biomarker predicting regorafenib effectiveness, and a potential solution for CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Wei Teng
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Man-Hsin Hung
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ju Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Ju Chang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Shu Hsieh
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Wen Huang
- Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lung Lin
- Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | | | - Zong-Keng Kuo
- Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Kai Jiang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Colon &Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shung-Haur Yang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Colon &Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wai Shiau
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Fan LC, Teng HW, Shiau CW, Tai WT, Hung MH, Yang SH, Jiang JK, Chen KF. Pharmacological Targeting SHP-1-STAT3 Signaling Is a Promising Therapeutic Approach for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Neoplasia 2016; 17:687-696. [PMID: 26476076 PMCID: PMC4611073 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
STAT3 activation is associated with poor prognosis in human colorectal cancer (CRC). Our previous data demonstrated that regorafenib (Stivarga) is a pharmacological agonist of SH2 domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) that enhances SHP-1 activity and induces apoptosis by targeting STAT3 signals in CRC. This study aimed to find a therapeutic drug that is more effective than regorafenib for CRC treatment. Here, we showed that SC-43 was more effective than regorafenib at inducing apoptosis in vitro and suppressing tumorigenesis in vivo. SC-43 significantly increased SHP-1 activity, downregulated p-STAT3Tyr705 level, and induced apoptosis in CRC cells. An SHP-1 inhibitor or knockdown of SHP-1 by siRNA both significantly rescued the SC-43–induced apoptosis and decreased p-STAT3Tyr705 level. Conversely, SHP-1 overexpression increased the effects of SC-43 on apoptosis and p-STAT3Tyr705 level. These data suggest that SC-43–induced apoptosis mediated through the loss of p-STAT3Tyr705 was dependent on SHP-1 function. Importantly, SC-43–enhanced SHP-1 activity was because of the docking potential of SC-43, which relieved the autoinhibited N-SH2 domain of SHP-1 and inhibited p-STAT3Tyr705 signals. Importantly, we observed that a significant negative correlation existed between SHP-1 and p-STAT3Tyr705expression in CRC patients (P = .038). Patients with strong SHP-1 and weak p-STAT3Tyr705 expression had significantly higher overall survival compared with patients with weak SHP-1 and strong p-STAT3Tyr705 expression (P = .029). In conclusion, SHP-1 is suitable to be a useful prognostic marker and a pharmacological target for CRC treatment. Targeting SHP-1-STAT3 signaling by SC-43 may serve as a promising pharmacotherapy for CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ching Fan
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wei Teng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wai Shiau
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tien Tai
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Man-Hsin Hung
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shung-Haur Yang
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department Of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Kai Jiang
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department Of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Joo MK, Park JJ, Chun HJ. Recent updates of precision therapy for gastric cancer: Towards optimal tailored management. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:4638-4650. [PMID: 27217696 PMCID: PMC4870071 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i19.4638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling pathways of gastric carcinogenesis and gastric cancer progression are being avidly studied to seek optimal treatment of gastric cancer. Among them, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-MET, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathways have been widely investigated. Their aberrant expression or mutation has been significantly associated with advanced stage or poor prognosis of gastric cancer. Recently, aberrations of immune checkpoints including programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) have been suggested as an important step in the formation of a microenvironment favorable for gastric cancer. Accomplishments in basic research have led to the development of novel agents targeting these signaling pathways. However, phase III studies of selective anti-HGF/c-MET antibodies and mTOR inhibitor failed to show significant benefits in terms of overall survival and progression-free survival. Few agents directly targeting STAT3 have been developed. However, this target is still critical issue in terms of chemoresistance, and SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 might be a significant link to effectively inhibit STAT3 activity. Inhibition of PD-1/PD-L1 showed durable efficacy in phase I studies, and phase III evaluation is warranted. Therapeutic strategy to concurrently inhibit multiple tyrosine kinases is a reasonable option, however, lapatinib needs to be further evaluated to identify good responders. Regorafenib has shown promising effectiveness in prolonging progression-free survival in a phase II study. In this topic highlight, we review the biologic roles and outcomes of clinical studies targeting these signaling pathways.
Collapse
|
43
|
Tai WT, Hung MH, Chu PY, Chen YL, Chen LJ, Tsai MH, Chen MH, Shiau CW, Boo YP, Chen KF. SH2 domain-containing phosphatase 1 regulates pyruvate kinase M2 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:22193-205. [PMID: 26959741 PMCID: PMC5008355 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is known to promote tumourigenesis through dimer formation of p-PKM2Y105. Here, we investigated whether SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) decreases p-PKM2Y105 expression and, thus, determines the sensitivity of sorafenib through inhibiting the nuclear-related function of PKM2. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblot confirmed the effect of SHP-1 on PKM2Y105 dephosphorylation. Lactate production was assayed in cells and tumor samples to determine whether sorafenib reversed the Warburg effect. Clinical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor samples were assessed for PKM2 expression. SHP-1 directly dephosphorylated PKM2 at Y105 and further decreased the proliferative activity of PKM2; similar effects were found in sorafenib-treated HCC cells. PKM2 was also found to determine the sensitivity of targeted drugs, such as sorafenib, brivanib, and sunitinib, by SHP-1 activation. Significant sphere-forming activity was found in HCC cells stably expressing PKM2. Clinical findings suggest that PKM2 acts as a predicting factor of early recurrence in patients with HCC, particularly those without known risk factors (63.6%). SHP-1 dephosphorylates PKM2 at Y105 to inhibit nuclear function of PKM2 and determines the efficacy of targeted drugs. Targeting PKM2 by SHP-1 might provide new therapeutic insights for patients with HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Tien Tai
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Man-Hsin Hung
- Division of Meidcal Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- Department of Pathology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Li Chen
- Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ju Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Husan Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wai Shiau
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Pin Boo
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hung MH, Chen YL, Chu PY, Shih CT, Yu HC, Tai WT, Shiau CW, Chen KF. Upregulation of the oncoprotein SET determines poor clinical outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma and shows therapeutic potential. Oncogene 2016; 35:4891-902. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
45
|
Huang CY, Tai WT, Wu SY, Shih CT, Chen MH, Tsai MH, Kuo CW, Shiau CW, Hung MH, Chen KF. Dovitinib Acts As a Novel Radiosensitizer in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Targeting SHP-1/STAT3 Signaling. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016; 95:761-71. [PMID: 26960749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most lethal human malignancies, and curative therapy is not an option for most patients. There is growing interest in the potential benefit of combining targeted therapies with radiation therapy (RT). This study aimed to characterize the efficacy and mechanism of an investigational drug, dovitinib, used in combination with RT. METHODS AND MATERIALS HCC cell lines (PLC5, Hep3B, SK-Hep1, HA59T, and Huh-7) were treated with dovitinib, RT, or both, and apoptosis and signal transduction were analyzed. RESULTS Dovitinib treatment resulted in Src homology region 2 (SH2) domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP-1)-mediated downregulation of p-STAT3 and promoted potent apoptosis of HCC cells. Ectopic expression of STAT3, or inhibition of SHP-1, diminished the effects of dovitinib on HCC cells. By ectopic expression and purified recombinant proteins of various mutant forms of SHP-1, the N-SH2 domain of SHP-1 was found to be required for dovitinib treatment. Overexpression of STAT3 or catalytic-dead mutant SHP-1 restored RT-induced reduction of HCC cell survival. Conversely, ectopic expression of SHP-1 or activation of SHP-1 by dovitinib enhanced the effects of RT against HCC in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS SHP-1/STAT3 signaling is critically associated with the radiosensitivity of HCC cells. Combination therapy with RT and the SHP-1 agonist, such as dovitinib, resulted in enhanced in vitro and in vivo anti-HCC effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yuan Huang
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Radiological Technology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tien Tai
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yuan Wu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Radiation Oncology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ting Shih
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Wen Kuo
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wai Shiau
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Man-Hsin Hung
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Kuen-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hung MH, Wang CY, Chen YL, Chu PY, Hsiao YJ, Tai WT, Chao TT, Yu HC, Shiau CW, Chen KF. SET antagonist enhances the chemosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer cells by reactivating protein phosphatase 2A. Oncotarget 2016; 7:638-55. [PMID: 26575017 PMCID: PMC4808023 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SET is known as a potent PP2A inhibitor, however, its oncogenic role including its tumorigenic potential and involvement in the development of chemoresistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not yet been fully discussed. In present study, we investigated the oncogenic role of SET by SET-knockdown and showed that SET silencing impaired cell growth rate, colony formation and tumor sphere formation in A549 cells. Notably, silencing SET enhanced the pro-apoptotic effects of paclitaxel, while ectopic expression of SET diminished the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to paclitaxel. Since the SET protein was shown to affect chemosensitivity, we next examined whether combining a novel SET antagonist, EMQA, sensitized NSCLC cells to paclitaxel. Both the in vitro and in vivo experiments suggested that EMQA and paclitaxel combination treatment was synergistic. Importantly, we found that downregulating p-Akt by inhibiting SET-mediated protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inactivation determined the pro-apoptotic effects of EMQA and paclitaxel combination treatment. To dissect the critical site for EMQA functioning, we generated several truncated SET proteins. By analysis of the effects of EMQA on the binding affinities of different truncated SET proteins to PP2A-catalytic subunits, we revealed that the 227-277 amino-acid sequence is critical for EMQA-induced SET inhibition. Our findings demonstrate the critical role of SET in NSCLC, particularly in the development of chemoresistance. The synergistic effects of paclitaxel and the SET antagonist shown in current study encourage further validation of the clinical potential of this combination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man-Hsin Hung
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Wang
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- Department of Pathology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Jen Hsiao
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Zhongzheng District, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tien Tai
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Zhongzheng District, Taiwan
- National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Zhongzheng District, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ting Chao
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chuan Yu
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Zhongzheng District, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wai Shiau
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Zhongzheng District, Taiwan
- National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Zhongzheng District, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Fan LC, Teng HW, Shiau CW, Lin H, Hung MH, Chen YL, Huang JW, Tai WT, Yu HC, Chen KF. SHP-1 is a target of regorafenib in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2015; 5:6243-51. [PMID: 25071018 PMCID: PMC4171626 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Regorafenib is an inhibitor of multiple protein kinases which exerts antitumor and antimetastatic activities in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). SH2 domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) is reported to have tumor suppressive potential because it acts as a negative regulator of p-STAT3Tyr705 signaling. However, little is known about the mechanism regarding regorafenib affects SHP-1 tyrosine phosphatase activity and leads to apoptosis and tumor suppression in CRC. Here, we found that regorafenib triggered apoptotic cell death and significantly enhanced SHP-1 activity, which dramatically decreased the phosphorylated form of STAT3 at Tyr705 (p-STAT3Tyr705). Importantly, regorafenib augmented SHP-1 activity by direct disruption of the association between N-SH2 and catalytic PTP domain of SHP-1. Deletion of the N-SH2 domain (dN1) or point mutation (D61A) of SHP-1 blocked the effect of regorafenib-induced SHP-1 activity, growth inhibition and a decrease of p-STAT3Tyr705 expression, suggesting that regorafenib triggers a conformational change in SHP-1 by relieving its autoinhibition. In vivo assay showed that regorafenib significantly inhibited xenograft growth and decreased p-STAT3Tyr705 expression but induced higher SHP-1 activity. Collectively, regorafenib is a novel SHP-1 agonist exerts superior anti-tumor effects by enhancing SHP-1 activity that directly targets p-STAT3Tyr705. Small molecule-enhancement of SHP-1 activity may be a promising therapeutic approach for CRC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ching Fan
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Hao-Wei Teng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Chung-Wai Shiau
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Hang Lin
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Man-Hsin Hung
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Wen Huang
- Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tien Tai
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chuan Yu
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Chao TI, Tai WT, Hung MH, Tsai MH, Chen MH, Chang MJ, Shiau CW, Chen KF. A combination of sorafenib and SC-43 is a synergistic SHP-1 agonist duo to advance hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. Cancer Lett 2015; 371:205-13. [PMID: 26679051 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sorafenib is the first and currently the only standard treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We previously developed a sorafenib derivative SC-43, which exhibits much more enhanced anti-HCC activity than sorafenib and also promotes apoptosis in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. Herein, a novel "sorafenib plus" combination therapy was developed by coupling sorafenib treatment with SC-43. Both sorafenib and SC-43 are proven Src homology region 2 domain containing phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) agonists. The combined actions of sorafenib and SC-43 enhanced SHP-1 activity, which was associated with diminished STAT3-related signals and stronger expression of apoptotic genes above that of either drug alone, culminating in increased cell death. Decreased p-STAT3 signaling and tumor size, as well as increased SHP-1 activity were observed in mice receiving the combination therapy in a subcutaneous HCC model. More reduced orthotopic HCC tumor size and prolonged survival were also observed in mice in the combination treatment arm compared to mice in either of the monotherapy arms. These results in the preclinical setting pave the way for further clinical studies to treat unresectable HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-I Chao
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tien Tai
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Man-Hsin Hung
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Ju Chang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wai Shiau
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Joo MK, Park JJ, Yoo HS, Lee BJ, Chun HJ, Lee SW, Bak YT. Epigenetic regulation and anti-tumorigenic effects of SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP1) in human gastric cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:4603-12. [PMID: 26508024 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4228-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP1) is an important negative regulator in cytokine-mediated signal transduction and cell cycling. Recent studies have demonstrated that SHP1 promoter methylation is frequently observed in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues. In this in vitro study, we attempted to reveal promoter hypermethylation and to investigate effects of SHP1 in gastric carcinoma cell lines. We observed that both gene and protein expression of SHP1 were negative in 8 of 10 gastric cancer cell lines (SNU-1, SNU-5, SNU-16, SNU-638, SNU-719, MKN-28, MKN-45, AGS). Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) showed a methylation-specific band only in the 10 gastric cancer lines. Bisulfite pyrosequencing in AGS, MKN-28, and SNU-719 cells indicated that methylation frequency was as high as 94.4, 92.6, and 94.5 %, respectively, in the three cell lines. Treatment of SNU-719, MKN-28, and AGS cells with 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dc) led to re-expression of SHP1 in these cells. Introduction of exogenous SHP1 in SNU-719 and MKN-28 cells by transient transfection substantially downregulated protein expression of constitutive phosphor-Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) (tyrosine 1007/1008) and phosphor-signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) (tyrosine 705), which in turn decreased expression of STAT3 target genes including those encoding cyclin D1, MMP-9, VEGF-1, and survivin. Induction of SHP1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in SNU-719 and MKN-28 cells. Taken together, epigenetic silencing of SHP1 is frequently caused by promoter hypermethylation in gastric carcinoma cells. Overexpression of SHP1 downregulates the JAK2/STAT3 pathway to modulate various target genes and inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in gastric cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moon Kyung Joo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Guro Hospital. 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Jae Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Guro Hospital. 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyo Soon Yoo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Guro Hospital. 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Jae Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Guro Hospital. 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Jai Chun
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Anam Hospital. 73, Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Ansan Hospital. 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 425-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Tae Bak
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Guro Hospital. 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wang ZC, Gao Q, Shi JY, Guo WJ, Yang LX, Liu XY, Liu LZ, Ma LJ, Duan M, Zhao YJ, Wu YN, Gao DM, Wang XY, Shi GM, Ding ZB, Ke AW, Tang QQ, Cao Y, Zhou J, Fan J. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor S acts as a metastatic suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma by control of epithermal growth factor receptor-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Hepatology 2015; 62:1201-14. [PMID: 25998839 DOI: 10.1002/hep.27911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third-most lethal cancer worldwide. Understanding the molecular pathogenesis of HCC recurrence and metastasis is the key to improve patients' prognosis. In this study, we report that protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor S (PTPRS) is significantly down-regulated in nearly 80% of HCCs, and its expression negatively correlates with aggressive pathological features, such as larger tumor size and advanced stage. In addition, PTPRS deficiency is independently associated with shorter survival and increased recurrence in patients, although 16.7% of HCCs show intratumor heterogeneous expression of PTPRS. Restoration of wild-type, but not mutant, PTPRS expression significantly inhibits HCC cell migration and invasion in vitro as well as lung metastasis in vivo, whereas knockdown of its expression significantly promotes invasion and metastasis. Notably, PTPRS-regulated HCC invasiveness is accompanied by typical changes of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, PTPRS forms a complex with epithermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and regulates its tyrosine residues' phosphorylation. Ectopic expression of EGFR reverses the metastasis-inhibiting effects of PTPRS, whereas silencing of EGFR or inhibiting phosphorylation of key molecules in EGFR downstream pathways reinhibits EMT and metastasis caused by PTPRS down-regulation. Meanwhile, promoter hypermethylation of PTPRS is frequently detected in HCC samples and cell lines. Treatment with a demethylation agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, recovers PTPRS expression in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Epigenetic inactivation of PTPRS may increase phosphorylation and activity of EGFR signaling to promote EMT and metastasis in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chao Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie-Yi Shi
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Jie Guo
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu-Xiao Yang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Yang Liu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Long-Zi Liu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Jie Ma
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Duan
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Jun Zhao
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Na Wu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dong-Mei Gao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Ming Shi
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Bin Ding
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ai-Wu Ke
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Qun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, the Ministry of Education; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Cao
- Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|